1、系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语第二部分 语法专题第二部分 语法专题第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语专题三 情态动词和虚拟语气第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语一、情态动词1can 和 could 的用法(1)表示“能力”。Even a child can operate the computer,let alone an adult.(2)表示惊讶，常用在否定句和疑问句中。How could you do such a silly thing?第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(3)表示可能。It is usually warm in my ho
2、metown in March,but it can be rather cold sometimes.(4)cannot.too/enough 表示“无论也不过分”；“越越好”。I cant thank you too much for all your help to my son while we were away from home.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语2may 和 might 的用法(1)may 和 might 表示“许可、可能性、祝愿”等意义。在给予别人许可时，常用 can，但有时也用 may。不能用 might。May I take the book
3、 out?Im afraid not.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语“may as well动词原形”意为“最好；倒不如”。We may as well stay where we are.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)may 作“可以”讲时，其否定式常用“mustnt”表示“禁止”；must 作“必须”讲时，其否定式是“neednt”，表示“不必”。May I take this book out of the reading room?No,you mustnt.You read it in here.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英
4、语3must 的用法(1)表示禁止(用于否定句)。The new law states that people mustnt drive after drinking alcohol.(2)表示“偏执；固执”。If you must go,at least wait until the storm is over.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语4shall 的用法(1)用于第一、第三人称疑问句中，表示说话人征求对方的意见和向对方请示。What time shall I pick you up at your house tomorrow,sir?I havent decide
5、d on the time.But I will call you.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)用于第二、第三人称陈述句中，表示说话人给对方的命令、警告、允诺或威胁。No driving electric motor bikes in some areas is a rule that you shall obey in Fuzhou.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语5will 和 would 的用法作情态动词的 will，would 与作助动词的 will，would 的各种形式相同。(1)表示自愿做或主动提出做什么，如意志、愿望或决心等。would
6、 用于过去的情况。Goodbye,John.Come back again sometime.Sure.I will.Why didnt you come to Simons party last night?I wanted to,but my mom simply would not let me out so late at night.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)will 可以表示一种习惯性的动作，有“总是”或“总要”之意。Every morning he will have a walk along this river.(3)would 可以表示过去的习惯
7、性动作，比 used to 正式，但没有“现已无此习惯”的含义。When we worked in the same firm several years ago,we would often go to the cinema together.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语6情态动词have过去分词(1)can/could have done 表示“本来可以做，而实际上未做”或者“过去可能”，疑问或否定形式表示对过去发生的行为表示怀疑或不肯定，其中 cant have done 多用于语气强烈的否定，意为“不可能做过”。Do you know where David is？
8、I couldnt find him anywhere.Well.He cant have gone farhis coats still here.I could have saved the poor rabbit,but I didnt have the right drugs with me at that moment.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)may/might have done 表示对过去行为的推测，意为“可能做过”。might 所表示的可能性比较弱，语气较委婉。此外 might have done 可表示“本可能做而实际上未做”。Sorry,Im
9、late.I might have turned off the alarm clock and gone back to sleep again.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(3)must have done 表示对过去行为的推测，意为“一定；想必”，语气十分肯定。Jack described his father,who must have been a brave boy many years ago,as a strong-willed man.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(4)should have done 表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没
10、有做；shouldnt have done 表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了。这一用法往往含有责备的意味。I shouldnt have watched that movieitll give me horrible dreams.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(5)ought to have done 表示过去本来应该做某事而实际上却没有做；ought not to have done 表示过去本来不应该做某事而实际上却做了。这一用法与 should 相同，也往往含有责备的意味。You ought to have come to the party yesterday
11、,but why didnt you come?第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(6)neednt have done 表示本来不必做某事而实际上却做了。Mark neednt have hurried.After driving at top speed，he arrived half an hour early.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语二、虚拟语气1非真实条件句中虚拟语气的用法if 条件从句从句的谓语形式主句的谓语形式表示现在情况动词过去式(be 的过去式用 were)should/would/could/might动词原形第二部分专题三系列丛书 高
12、三总复习 人教版 英语表示过去情况had过去分词should/would/could/mighthave过去分词should动词原形动词过去式表示未来情况were to动词原形should/would/could/might动词原形第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语If I had time,I would attend your party.We would have called a taxi yesterday if Harold hadnt offered us a ride home.If it snowed/were to snow/should snow tomor
13、row,we would take photos.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语易错提示：若条件句中有 were,had,should，可把 if 省略，而把 were,had,should 放在主语前，形成倒装结构，这种结构主要用于书面语中。Had I known about this computer program，a huge amount of time and energy would have been saved.Should it rain tomorrow,we would have to cancel the football match.第二部分专题三
14、系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语2错综时间虚拟条件句If you had worked hard，you would be very tired now.(从句指过去，主句指现在)第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语3含蓄虚拟语气有时假设的情况并不用条件从句表达，而是由otherwise，but，or，without，but for 等来引导。I was so busy then，otherwise I would have gone to help him.I would have come sooner but I didnt know that they were wait
15、ing for me.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语4某些从句中虚拟语气的用法(1)表示命令、建议、要求、愿望等含义的动词后宾语从句和同位语从句时用虚拟语气，形式为：(should)动词原形。常这样用的动词有：advise 劝告，demand 要求，desire 渴望，command 命令，insist 坚决要求，prefer 宁愿，urge 主张，order 命令，recommend 劝告；建议，request 要求，require 要求，suggest 建议，以及这些词的名词形式。第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语Teachers recommend par
16、ents not allow their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(2)wish 后跟宾语从句时用虚拟语气。对现在情况的假设：wish主语动词过去式(be 用were)对过去情况的假设：wish主语had过去分词对将来情况的假设：wish主语would动词原形How much of the foreign experts speech have you understood?Next to nothing.I wish I had worked harder
17、at English.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(3)would rather 后跟从句时用虚拟语气，表示愿望，意为“宁愿；但愿”。George is going to talk about the geography of his country,but Id rather he focused more on its culture.(4)在“It is(about/high)timethat 从句”中，谓语动词常用过去式或“should动词原形”表示虚拟语气。It is high time that people learnt/should learn Englis
18、h.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语(5)在 as if 从句中，看语境是否与事实相反而选择是否使用虚拟语气。It looks as if its going to rain.She talked about it again and again as if she would never end.(6)if only 引导的感叹句中，用虚拟语气表示愿望。Look at the trouble were in.If only we had taken our teachers advice!第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语针对训练.在下列各句中填入适当的情态动词
19、1Since nobody gave him any help,he_have done the research on his own.2Why are your eyes so red?You _have slept well last night.Yeah，I stayed up late writing a report.3My mom suggests that we_eat out for a change this weekend.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语4He_sleep,although he tried to,when he got on such
20、a hunt for an idea until he had caught it.5It_be the vocabulary that caused you the problem in the exercise because you know a lot of words.6What are you doing this Saturday?Im not sure，but I_go to the Rolling Stones concert.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语7When I was a child,I _ watch TV whenever I wanted
21、to.8You neednt take an umbrella.It isnt going to rain.Well,I dont know.It_do.9Harry is feeling uncomfortable.He _too much at the party last night.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语10Im going to Europe on vacation together with John if I _ find the money.11One of our rules is that every student _ wear school u
22、niform while at school.12_ you interrupt now?Cant you see Im on the phone?Sorry Sir,but its urgent.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语13Days later,my brother called to say he was all right,but _(not)say where he was.14They _ have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.15We _(not)have bought so much
23、food now that Suzie wont be with us for dinner.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语16Hows your new babysitter?We _(not)ask for a better one.All our kids love her so much.17I _(not)have gone through that bitter period without your generous help.18I got close enough to hear them speaking Chinese,and I said“Ni Hao
24、，”just as I _ do in China.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语19I _(not)worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.20There _(not)be any difficulty about passing the road test since you have practiced a lot in the driving school.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语答案1must 2.cant 3.should 4.couldnt 5.
25、couldnt6might 7.could 8.might 9.must have drunk10can 11.shall 12.Must 13.wouldnt 14.should15neednt 16.couldnt 17.couldnt 18.might19neednt 20.shouldnt 第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语.用所给动词的适当形式填空1Grace doesnt want to move to New York because she thinks if she _(live)there,she wouldnt be able to see her pare
26、nts very often.2We _(face)the difficulty together,but why didnt you tell me?3Jack is a great talker.Its high time that he _(do)something instead of just talking.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语4We lost our way in that small village,otherwise we _(visit)more places of interest yesterday.5Had they known what
27、was coming next,they _(have)second thoughts.6Dont handle the vase as if it _(be)made of steel.7Sorry,I am too busy now.If I _(have)time,I would certainly go for an outing with you.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语8Where are the children?The dinners going to be completely ruined.I wish they _(not be)always la
28、te.9He insisted he _(send)to the city.10His expression suggested that he _(pass)the test.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语答案1were to live 2.could have faced 3.did4would have visited 5.might have had 6.were7had 8.werent 9.(should)be sent 10.had passed 第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语.语篇填空(用适当的情态动词完成下列短文)Miss Fang _1_
29、(not)read for very long without getting a headache.Her mother told her that she _2_ go to the Health Service and see a doctor.“You _3_ see a doctor as soon as possible，”she said.“You _4_ need glasses.”When Miss Fang had free time,she went to the Health Service.The appointment clerk said that the doc
30、tor _5_ see her at 3：30.第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语Miss Fang replied that she _6_ not be able to be there at 3：30 because she had a class then.“The doctor _7_ take you at about ten to four，”the appointment clerk suggested.“_8_ I put you down for ten to four,or _9_ you rather come tomorrow？”第二部分专题三系列丛书
31、高三总复习 人教版 英语Miss Fang thought she _10_(not)waste any more time.The teacher _11_ be unhappy if she asked for permission to leave the class a little early,as he was always so kind to everyone.And she replied,“I think I _12_ make it at ten to four.”Miss Fang went to the class.She asked her teacher,“_13_ I leave at 3：45 today?I _14_ have an eye examination.”As expected,the teacher said,“Yes,of course you _15_.”第二部分专题三系列丛书 高三总复习 人教版 英语答案1couldnt 2.should 3.should 4.might 5.could6would 7.might 8.Shall 9.would 10.shouldnt11shouldnt 12.can 13.May/Can 14.must 15.can