1、课时分层作业(七).单词拼写1They became farmers and merchants(商人)，worked in mills and big companies.2This year they have introduced three new products to extend(扩展) their range.3Secretary of State John Hay had negotiated(达成) a series of peace treaties.4He was a good painter，but not in the same league(水平) as Pica
2、sso.5After the Norman Conquest the forest became a royal(王室的) hunting preserve.6I told him if he withdrew(退出) it was on his own account.7The company provides more than 20 freetoair channels(频道)8The bond(关系) of brotherhood was one to last from the cradle to the grave.9He closed down the business and
3、went into politics(政治)10He was the best boxer in the tournament(联赛).阅读理解AWhales，like dolphins，belong to a group of mammals called “cetaceans”This name comes from a Latin word meaning “large sea animals”There are at least seventyfive kinds of cetaceans.Scientists divide the various kinds into two maj
4、or groupsbaleen whales，which do not have teeth，and toothed whales，which have teeth.Whales have the same basic shape as fish，but they differ from fish in many ways.The most noticeable difference is the tail.Fish have vertical(垂直的) tail fins(鳍)，but whales have horizontal tail fins.Fish breathe by mean
5、s of gills(鳃)，while whales have lungs and must come to the surface to breathe.But they can hold their breath for long periods.Like other mammals，whales give birth to live young and feed them with milk produced by the mothers body.Most fish，however，lay eggs and do not feed their young.Whales are also
6、 warmbloodedthat is，their body temperature remains about the same all the time.Almost all fish are coldblooded.Their body temperature changes with changes in the temperature of the water.Whales have a highly developed brain and they are highly advanced life forms.They sing to their young，engage in c
7、omplex family relationships，and their communication skills are fine.In December 2005，a whale，after being rescued from fishing nets，didnt just swim back to deep water.It hung around and touched each of the divers with its mouth.“Knowing that it was free，it stopped about a foot away from me，pushed me
8、around a little bit and had some fun，” said dive master James Moskito.He thought it was “one of the most fantastic moments” of his life.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了鲸鱼和鱼类的不同以及鲸鱼的一些特点。1According to Paragraph 1，which of the following shows the correct relationship?AMammals are a type of cetacean.BCetaceans are n
9、ot a type of mammal.CWhales belong to the cetacean family.DMammals are a type of whale.C推理判断题。根据第一段第一句“Whales，like dolphins，belong to a group of mammals called cetaceans”可知，cetaceans属于哺乳动物，排除A、B两项；D项(哺乳动物是鲸鱼的一种)明显不对。故选C项。2Which of the following is NOT a difference between whales and fish?AWhales bre
10、athe by means of lungs.BWhales have tail fins.CWhales feed their young with milk.DA whales body temperature nearly doesnt change.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“The most noticeable difference is the tail.Fish have vertical(垂直的) tail fins(鳍)，but whales have horizontal tail fins.”可知，鱼和鲸鱼都有尾鳍，所以答案为B项。3Why didnt the wha
11、le swim back to the sea after it was saved?AIt lost its way in the sea.BIt was seriously wounded.CIt was frightened by the divers.DIt wanted to thank the divers.D推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“It hung around and touched each of the divers with its mouth.Knowing that it was free，it stopped about a foot away from me，
12、pushed me around a little bit and had some fun.”可知，这头鲸鱼在获救后，用肢体语言表示对潜水员的感谢。BFor years，the giant squid(大王乌贼) had remained a modern mystery.Living in the dark depths of the ocean，the creature is difficult for scientists to observe directly.It had also managed to avoid all attempts to film it.That chan
13、ged last July.For the first time ever，scientists were able to catch the giant squid on video in its natural habitat.They were amazed by what they saw.The scientists filmed the squid in the North Pacific Ocean，south of Tokyo，Japan.They followed it down to a depth of 2，952 feet.They shot more than 23
14、minutes of video before the squid swam off into even darker depths.The video footage will be released to the public later this month on The Discovery Channel.Tsunemi Kubodera，a zoologist at Japans National Museum of Nature and Science，led the team that filmed the squid.The team went into the ocean i
15、n a small submarine with lights invisible to both humans and squid.Since giant squid eat smaller squid，the scientists released a small squid as bait(诱饵)Then the scientists waited in the pitch black for the giant squid to approach.The color video shows the creature floating vertically，eating the bait
16、 squid.The giant squid is 9 to 10 feet long and is missing its two longest tentacles(触须)With those tentacles，it could have measured up to 26 feet long.It has huge black eyes，the size of dinner plates，“It was shining and so beautiful，” Kubodera said.Because the deep ocean is so unfriendly to humans，l
17、ittle is known about the giant squid.Scientists say catching the mysterious creature on video is an important step toward understanding it.For centuries，sailors had reported seeing a huge，oceandwelling beast，thought to be the giant squid.The creature is also believed to be the subject of the Nordic
18、myth of the kraken，a sea creature that supposedly attacked ships in Scandinavian waters over the past thousands of years.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。大王乌贼生活在深海，人们很难有机会看到它，长期以来人们对它知之甚少。最近科学家在深海拍摄到了这种神秘的生物，有望揭开其神秘的面纱。4Why is it difficult to film the giant squid?ABecause it is illegal to film the giant squid.BBecaus
19、e it is too expensive to make such a film.CBecause the giant squid lives in the dark deep ocean.DBecause the giant squid is dangerous to humans.C细节理解题。根据第一段中的“Living in the dark depths of the ocean，the creature is difficult for scientists to observe directly.”可知，因为大王乌贼生活在大洋深处，所以人们很难拍摄到它。5We can lear
20、n from the first paragraph that scientists Afirst saw the giant squid in the oceanBdiscovered a new sea creature in the oceanChave the ocean bottom secretly recorded on videoDhave first caught the legendary giant squid on videoD细节理解题。根据第一段内容可知，科学家在北太平洋下深度为2 952英尺的地方第一次拍摄了一段超过23分钟的有关大王乌贼的视频。因此D项正确。6A
21、ccording to the passage，the giant squids longest tentacles can be A16 to 17 feet longB9 to 10 feet longCmore than 26 feet longDabout 36 feet longA推理判断题。根据第三段内容可知，这只大王乌贼有9到10英尺长，算上它的触须可达到26英尺长，由此可得出这只大王乌贼最长的触须有16到17英尺长。7The scientists released a small squid in the ocean to Aincrease the number of the
22、 giant squidBtrick the giant squid into coming outCmake an educational film about itDshow concern for the giant squidB细节理解题。根据第二段中的“Since giant squid eat smaller squid，the scientists released a small squid as bait(诱饵)”可知，科学家在大洋里放一条小乌贼的目的是将大王乌贼引诱出来。.阅读七选五A new report says plastic is responsible for t
23、he damage to the oceans and the undersea environment.The findings were announced recently at a United Nations conference. 1 Plastic thrown away carelessly makes its way into rivers and other waterways. 2 After a while，it collects in the sea.And plastic never goes away.Plastic is not biodegradabledes
24、troyed by bacteria or natural processes.Instead，it just breaks up into smaller pieces over time.The oceans contain a lot of chemicals and other pollutants. 3 That means harmful material may get into our food supply. 4 Human beings cause pollution and they can take steps to stop it.They can use fewer
25、 single use containers and throw plastic away correctly.Plastic recycling programmes also work where old bottles and other plastic are collected，broken down and used to make new products.The report also calls on companies to improve methods for using plastic. 5 And it calls for information about the
26、 way plastic is thrown out or removed from use.By putting a new value on plastic，industry has a special reason to clean up the environment.But all of the companies must join to deal with the problem.AThen，fish may eat the plastic.BIt asks them to better measure and direct plastic use.CThe plastic ev
27、entually reaches coastal areas and ocean waters.DThe report talks about harm to sea life and what might be done to improve the situation.EPlastic should be gathered together and reused.FBut people can make a big difference.GIt is convenient to use plastic bags in everyday life.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。介绍了塑料给海
28、洋环境造成了极大的污染，并给出了解决方法。1D由空前的内容，尤其是“A new report”“damage”可知，D项“该报告讨论了对海洋的危害以及可以做些什么来改进这一状况”符合语境。2C根据上下文可知，扔到河里和其他水道里的塑料制品最终会到达沿海地区以及海洋，故选C。3A根据下文“That means harmful material may get into our food supply.”可推知，既然塑料进入了我们的食物中，那么只能是鱼吃了塑料，然后我们再吃了鱼，故选A。4F本空是本段的主旨句，根据下文谈到的人类的积极影响可知，此空是说人类可以起到作用，故选F。5B上文提到该报告呼吁公司应改进使用塑料的方法，而B项承接上文，指出了该报告要求它们更好地权衡和指导塑料的使用；且B项中It代指上文的The report，故选B。