1、江苏省南通市通州中学2020届高三英语下学期4月检测试题（含解析）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分20分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节：（共5小题；第小题1分，满分5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳答案，并 标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。 每段对话仅读一遍。1. What can we learn from the conversation?A. John is going to give a speech.B. John
2、wont come to the meeting.C. The woman doubts whether John will come.2. What are the speakers discussing?A. A book by a new author.B. A book they have both read.C. A book by an author they both know.3. Which is the woman going to choose next year?A. Extra sport. B. Cooking. C. Art.4. How is the woman
3、 getting along with her piano lessons?A. She is tired of them. B. She is making progress. C. She wants to give them up.5. Why did Mr. Green knock the girl down?A. He was driving fast. B. He didnt see the girl. C. He was drunk.第二节（共15小题：每小题1分，满分25分）请听下面5段对话。每段对话后有几个小题，从题中所给出的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项， 并标在试卷的相
4、应位置。听每段对话前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各 小题给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话读两遍。听第6段材料，回答6、7题。6. When does the train arrive in Newcastle?A. 13:30, Tuesday. B. 13:30, Monday. C. 11:30, Tuesday.7. How much does the man have to pay for the ticket?A. 40 B.25 C.15听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What kind of animal has been most commonly dra
5、wn in the cave?A The horse. B. The bull. C. The fish.9. Why was the cave closed in 1963?A. The tourists had drawn pictures on the walls.B. Some pictures had been destroyed.C. Few people had visited the cave.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. Which sport does the woman choose to do?A. Tennis. B. Basketball. C. Vol
6、leyball.11. On what day will the woman come for the course?A. Mon day. B. Friday. C. Saturday.12. What is the price for one less on?A 5 B. 3.75 C. 8.75听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. How long has the man worked at the hospital?A. For three years. B. For two years. C. For five years.14. What will the mans offic
7、e pay during the course?A. His course fees. B. His living costs. C. His salary.15. How long does the part-time course last?A. For a whole year. B. For 18 months. C. For two years.16. Which course does the man choose?A. The full-time course. B. The part-time course. C. The modular course.听第10段材料，回答第1
8、7至20题。17. What do we know about Camp Alison?A. It is the oldest day camp in the UK.B. It has been operating for 20 years.C. It is operated by a company based in Australia.18. How long did it take Camp Alison to acquire ten sites in Lon don?A. About 5 years. B. About 6 years. C. About 16 years.19. Wh
9、y is it easy for Camp Alison to find sites?A. There are many schools in the London area.B. Schools arent usually open in the summer.C. It has excellent sports equipment.20. What sometimes changes a day camp programme?A. A camp inspection. B. The weather. C. The directors plans.第二部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分35分）
10、第一节：单项填空（共15小题;每小题1分，满分15分）请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、B四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡 上将该项涂黑：1.while digital technology represents a _ for bridging geographic distance , highly skilled workers are increasingly crowding into cities.A. canalB. channelC. courseD. communication【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：虽然数字技术代表了跨越地理距离的渠道
11、，但高技能工人正日益涌入城市。A. canal运河；B. channel渠道；C. course课程；D. communication交流。结合后文可知表示“数字技术代表了跨越地理距离的渠道”，故选B。2.I _ go to the supermarket to purchase daily necessities, for it is far away from my house.A. eventuallyB. constantlyC. occasionallyD. frequently【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我偶尔会去超市买日用品，因为超市离我家很远。A. eve
12、ntually终于；B. constantly不断地；C. occasionally偶尔；D. frequently频繁地。根据后文it is far away from my house可知因为超市离我家很远，所以是“偶尔”会去。故选C。3.How could she have let something so important _ her mind?Shes fully applied to work recently and gets burnt out.A. occupyB. crossC. slideD. slip【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：她怎么能把这么重要的事
13、情忘记了呢？她最近完全投入工作并且筋疲力尽。A. occupy占据；B. cross穿过；C. slide滑倒；D. slip滑脱。词组：slip ones mind忘记。故选D。4.They_ jewellery since eight oclock and had only just finished when two robbers broke in .A. had been arrangingB. were arrangingC. have been arrangingD. had arranged【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：他们从八点钟开始就在布置珠宝，刚布置完，两
14、个强盗就破门而入了。根据后文的并列谓语had only just finished可知本空也应用过去完成时，且根据后文since eight oclock可知表示持续不间断发生的动作应用过去完成进行时。故选A。5.It seems strange that the old man _ have returned to college to finish the degree he left undone four decades ago.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这位老人回到大学去完成他四十年前没有完成学位，
15、这似乎很奇怪。在It is strange that句式中，其中由that引导的主语从句可以陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气，其区别是：用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）主要强调惊讶之意，其感情色彩比较浓；若不特别强调感情色彩，则用陈述语气，故选B。6.Parents should keep their children company as much as possible because children feel, if they _ don t see their parents regularly.A. rejectedB. offendedC. interruptedD. mistak
16、en【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：父母应该尽可能多陪伴孩子，因为如果孩子不常常看到自己的父母的话，他们会（在感情上）感觉被拒绝的。A. rejected拒绝；B. offended冒犯；C. interrupted打断；D. mistaken弄错。结合上文提到要多陪伴孩子，后文用条件状语从句说明了如果孩子们不常常看到父母的坏处是感觉自己（在感情上）被父母所“拒绝”，故选A。7.Bob was trying to _ that he knew the famous singer who would perform in our city.A. let outB. lay ou
17、tC. figure outD. make out【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：鲍勃努力地想证明他认识那位将在我们城市演出的著名歌唱家。 let out放出，发出；lay out铺开，展开；figure out计算出，弄明白；make out努力证明。根据语境，D选项正确。8.The president of Harvard pioneered the elective system_ students were able to choose their own courses of study.A. on whichB. about whichC. to whichD.
18、by which【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查定语从句。句意：哈佛大学的校长率先推出了选修课，学生可以选择自己的课程。此处为“介词+关系代词”结构定语从句修饰先行词system，且根据此处表示“学生可以借助系统选择自己的课程”，表示“借助”应用介词by，做介词的宾语且指“系统”应用关系代词which。故选D。9.I should very much like to have gone to Susans birthday party, but_.A. I have to give a lectureB. I had to give a lectureC. I have had to give
19、a lectureD. I had had to give a lecture【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态。句意：我本来很想去参加Susan的生日聚会，但我不得不去做报告。but连接两个并列分句，but前面是对过去的虚拟，but后面是过去的事实，应用一般过去时。故选B。10.-Sir, Kevin has promised to complete the project to be arranged.-The question is, can he _?A. addressB. subscribeC. deliverD. salute【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：
20、先生，Kevin已经承诺完成安排的项目了。问题是，他能做到吗？A. address写姓名地址，致辞；B. subscribe订阅；C. deliver实现，履行；D. salute敬礼。结合语境“The question is, ”可知此处有“他能（履行）他的承诺”的意思，故选C。11.It seems strange that the old man _ have returned to college to finish the degree he left undone four decades ago.A. wouldB. shouldC. couldD. might【答案】B【解析】
21、【详解】考查虚拟语气。句意：这位老人回到大学去完成他四十年前没有完成的学位，这似乎很奇怪。在It is strange that句式中，其中由that引导的主语从句可以陈述语气，也可以用虚拟语气，其区别是：用虚拟语气（should+动词原形）主要强调惊讶之意，其感情色彩比较浓；若不特别强调感情色彩，则用陈述语气，故选B。12.Steve Jobs is a key figure in the computer world _ he has had a great influence on modern life and technology.A. on condition thatB. in
22、caseC. in thatD. as long as【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：史蒂夫乔布斯是计算机世界的关键人物，因为他对现代生活和技术产生了巨大的影响。文中表示“因为”，A. on condition that如果；B. in case万一；C. in that因为；D. as long as只要，故选C。13.-Having been on a diet for a week, I have lost five pounds. Its worth a try.-_ I definitely need to get into shape for my new clo
23、thes.A. You have my wordB. Youve sold it to meC. You can never tellD. You really have me there【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查交际用语。句意：节食一个星期后，我瘦了五磅。值得一试。我完全相信你，我肯定需要塑身去穿我的新衣服。A. You have my word一言为定，我保证；B. Youve sold it to me我完全相信你；C. You can never tell.谁也说不准；D. You really have me there.你难住我了。结合后文I definitely need t
24、o get into shape for my new clothes.可知回答的人完全相信上文的人说的话，故选B。14.This newspaper has a daily _ of more than one million in this city and if s common to see passengers read a copy in the subway.A. circulationB. associationC. contributionD. accumulation【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这份报纸在这个城市的日发行量超过一百万份，在地铁里看到乘客
25、看报纸是很平常的事。A. circulation流通，发行量；B. association协会；C. contribution贡献；D. accumulation累积。结合后文of more than one million in this city可知指的是“这份报纸在这个城市的日发行量超过一百万份”，故选A。15.Charles Darwin explained the _ of species on earth in his book that came out in1859.A. ancestorB. originC. beliefD. custom【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查名词。
26、句意：查尔斯达尔文在他1859年出版的书中解释了地球上物种的起源。A. ancestor祖先；B. origin起源；C. belief信仰；D. custom习惯，风俗。结合句意可知答案为B。第二节 完形填空（共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个迭项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 卡上涂黑。I was flying on an airplane the other day when my new pen splattered(溅) black ink all over the front of my new dress. The pen wa
27、s my favorite kind of pen I loved my new dress even more, _16_ I paid full price for it, which I had never done. But the dress was _17_After the explosion on the plane, I _18_ the big wet spots of ink with water and a handkerchief. As soon as we _19_ I ran to an airport store and bought cloths soake
28、d in stain remover and _20_ rubbing the spots again. I knew this would be _21_, and it was. I went to the hotel, _22_ my clothes, and put the _23_ dress away. I couldnt _24_ to throw it away; maybe someone would invent a magical ink-stain remover tomorrow.Sometimes, when something bad happens, I ask
29、 myself whether the bad thing has any silver lining. Its corny(老套的) but _25_; if you try it, youll be surprised. Theres some good thing, _26_ its tiny, in almost every _27_.But I have thought about my ruined dress and what the _28_ of it could be, and I just couldnt think of one thing- put this _29_
30、 to a friend, and she said the ruined dress was one of those lessons about the _30_ of things, about non- attachment. About how everything changes and how life is about letting go.I considered this. And then I thought I already knew that. In fact, not to sound too _31_, but doesnt it sometimes seem
31、as if life is just one big _32_ after another-from your children, from people we love who move far away or pass away?So much _33_! A new dress isnt a show of attachment to _34_ objects. I knew the dress would start looking shabby one day. But my new dress was a symbol of _35_ It had been a trying ye
32、ar, and the dress worked as a show of spirit in the face of difficulties. And now the dress had these big black spots all over it.My dress and I-we were great while we lasted. Never mind. Thats the way some love affairs go.16. A. anyhowB. thoughC. thereforeD. in stead17. A. worthwhileB. expensiveC.
33、originalD. casual18. A. botheredB. destroyedC. attackedD. researched19. A. landedB. flewC. enteredD. waited20. A. riskedB. fanciedC. triedD. missed21. A. impoliteB. helplessC. improperD. useless22. A. changedB. repairedC. improvedD. selected23. A. weakenedB. ruinedC. elegantD. shabby24. A. deserveB.
34、 predictC. bearD. offer25. A. comfortingB. influencingC. upsettingD. reminding26. A. as ifB. in caseC. now thatD. even if27. A. misfortuneB. accidentC. mistakeD. decision28. A. upsideB. challengeC. valueD. profit29. A. troubleB. adviceC. questionD. opinion30. A. impossibilityB. independenceC. imperm
35、anenceD. flexibility31. A. depressingB. interestingC. con fusingD. surprising32. A. taskB. departureC. affairD. adventure33. A. pressureB. failureC. lossD. regret34. A. availableB. abundantC. admirableD. material35. A. sadnessB. hopeC. hardshipD. luck【答案】16. B 17. A 18. C 19. A 20. C 21. D 22. A 23.
36、 B 24. C 25. A 26. D 27. A 28. A 29. C 30. C 31. A 32. B 33. C 34. D 35. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。短文主要讲了作者有一次在搭飞机的时候，自己很喜欢的一件新裙子被墨迹沾染到，后来作者悟出一个道理：生活中总有一些东西我们要失去，关键是我们要懂得放手。【16题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：钢笔是我最喜欢的一支，我更喜欢我的新衣服，虽然我付了全价，但我从来没有这样做过。A. anyhow总之；B. though虽然；C. therefore因此；D. instead相反。此处为让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though。
37、故选B。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是它是值得的。A. worthwhile重要的；B. expensive昂贵的；C. original原来的；D. casual随便的。作者全价买的这条裙子，觉得裙子值得。故选A。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：飞机上被笔的墨水溅了后，我用水和手巾清理这很大的墨迹。A. bothered麻烦；B. destroyed破坏；C. attacked攻击；D. researched研究。此处呼应上文explosion比喻墨水在裙子上的“爆炸”，而此处作者用水和手巾“攻击”着这块很大的墨迹，用attack凸显作者清理的卖力。故选C。【19题详解】
38、考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一降落，我就跑到机场的一家商店，买了浸在去污剂里的布，试着再搓一遍。A. landed降落；B. flew飞翔；C. entered进入；D. waited等待。根据后文I ran to an airport store可知飞机降落了。故选A。【20题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我们一降落，我就跑到机场的一家商店，买了浸在去污剂里的布，试着再搓一遍。A. risked冒险；B. fancied幻想；C. tried尝试；D. missed错过。根据后文rubbing the spots again可知作者在机场的一家商店，买了浸在去污剂里的布，试着再搓一遍。故选C
39、。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我知道这是没用的，事实也的确如此。A. impolite不礼貌的；B. helpless无助的；C. improper不正确的；D. useless无用的。结合后文作者回了旅馆换衣服，可知污迹还是洗不掉，买的去污剂也没有用。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我去了旅馆，换了衣服，把那件被毁的衣服收起来。A. changed更换；B. repaired修理；C. improved改善；D. selected挑选。根据后文dress away可知作者回旅馆是为了换下脏了的裙子。故选A。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我去了旅馆，换了衣服
40、，把那件被毁的衣服收起来。A. weakened减弱的；B. ruined被毁的；C. elegant优雅的；D. shabby破旧的。结合上文可知裙子被墨水弄脏了，而且洗不掉，因此裙子被毁了不能穿了。后文about my ruined dress也是提示。故选B。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我不忍心把它扔掉；也许明天会有人发明一种神奇的墨水去污剂。A. deserve值得；B. predict预测；C. bear忍受，承受；D. offer提供。作者只是把裙子放了起来，没有扔掉，说明作者不忍心扔掉自己喜欢的裙子。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这听起来很老套，但却令人
41、欣慰；如果你尝试一下，你会惊讶的。A. comforting安慰；B. influencing影响；C. upsetting令人苦恼；D. reminding提醒。结合上文作者的裙子洗不干净了，虽然被毁了，但是作者还是心存希望，也许明天会有人发明一种神奇的墨水去污剂，这是一种对自己的安慰（comforting）。故选A。【26题详解】考查短语辨析。句意：在几乎所有的不幸中，总有一些好的一面，即使是微不足道的。A. as if好像；B. in case万一；C. now that既然；D. even if即使。此处为让步状语从句，表示“即使”，故选D。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在几乎
42、所有的不幸中，总有一些好的一面，即使是微不足道的。A. misfortune不幸；B. accident事故；C. mistake错误；D. decision决定。结合上文Sometimes, when something bad happens, I ask myself whether the bad thing has any silver lining.可知作者认为几乎在每次的不幸中都会有好的事情的发生，故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我已经想过我的裙子被毁了，它的好处是什么，我就是想不出一件事我把这个问题问了一个朋友，她说裙子被毁是一个教训，关于事物的无常，关于不依
43、恋。A. upside积极面；B. challenge挑战；C. value价值；D. profit利润。结合上文Sometimes, when something bad happens, I ask myself whether the bad thing has any silver lining.作者觉得坏事的发生中总有好的一面，可知作者此时时是在找裙子被毁的积极面。故选A。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我已经想过我的裙子被毁了，它的好处是什么，我就是想不出一件事我把这个问题问了一个朋友，她说裙子被毁是一个教训，关于事物的无常，关于不依恋。A. trouble麻烦；B. a
44、dvice建议；C. question问题；D. opinion观点。结合上文what theof it could be可知作者把裙子被毁的好处是什么这个问题拿去问朋友了。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是我已经想过我的裙子被毁了，它的好处是什么，我就是想不出一件事我把这个问题问了一个朋友，她说裙子被毁是一个教训，关于事物的无常，关于不依恋。A. impossibility不可能；B. independence独立性；C. impermanence无常，暂时性；D. flexibility灵活性。根据下文的About how everything changes 可知，那条被
45、毁的裙子就是关于事物无常的教训。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这听起来并不是太令人沮丧，但有时似乎生活就是一个接一个大离别离开你的孩子，离开我们爱的人，他们搬到很远的地方或去世了，不是吗？A. depressing令人沮丧的；B. interesting有趣的；C. confusing混乱的；D. surprising令人惊讶的。根据上文About how everything changes and how life is about letting go.可知上文提到了“一切都在改变，生活就是放手”这一观点指出人们面对生活的改变，只能放手，这有点令人沮丧。故选A。
46、【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：事实上，这听起来并不是太令人沮丧，但有时似乎生活就是一个接一个的大离别离开你的孩子，离开我们爱的人，他们搬到很远的地方或去世了，不是吗？A. task任务；B. departure离开；C. affair事情；D. adventure冒险。根据后文from people we love who move far away or pass away?可知指的是人们的离别。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如此多的失去！A. pressure压力；B. failure失败；C. loss失去，亏损；D. regret后悔。此处指的是生活有如此多的失
47、去，故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：一件新衣服并不是对物质的依恋。A. available可获得的；B. abundant丰富的；C. admirable令人钦佩的；D. material物质的。裙子是物质的东西，即一件新的裙子并不是意味着对物质的依赖，故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但我的新衣服是希望的象征。A. sadness悲伤；B. hope希望；C. hardship困苦；D. luck运气。but表示转折，上文提到了衣服总有一天会显得很破旧，但作者的新衣服却是希望的象征。其它选项不符合语境。故选B。【点睛】完形填空解题技巧之语法结构法：完形填空需要考生
48、有较为扎实的语法基础知识，能够从句法的结构上辨别出须填相关的语法知识，再从对应的语法角度分析前后句，最后结合上下文选择出正确答案。如第一小题，句意：钢笔是我最喜欢的一支，我更喜欢我的新衣服，虽然我付了全价，但我从来没有这样做过。A. anyhow总之；B. though虽然；C. therefore因此；D. instead相反。此处为让步状语从句，表示“虽然”应用though。故选B。第三部分阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分) 请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题 纸上将该项涂黑。AIn agreement with the Ag
49、enda of the First Global Employment of Beijing Organizing Committee for the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic, the applicants from Hong Kong, Macao, Taiwan and overseas who have passed the first qualification review will take a written examination. Below lists the relevant information:1. Date & TimeApril
50、15th, 2017 (Saturday), 9:00 12:30.The applicants are required to enter the examination room before 8:30 am.2. LocationNo. 23 Baiduizijia, Haidian district, Beijing (Capital Normal University Dongyi Zone)Exam Site No.6; Exam Room: C2063. Notice(1) All applicants who have passed the first qualificatio
51、n review please log on Personal application center of the recruitment page () to download and print the admission ticket from April 7th -15th 2017.(2) All candidates shall bring the admission tickets and valid IDs (Mainland Travel Permit for Hong Kong and Macao Residents, Mainland travel permit for
52、Taiwan residents, Foreign passport and etc.)(3) Please prepare ones own writing materials including 2B pencil, eraser and black/blue pen.(4) The candidates will not be allowed to enter the examination room if late for 30mins, and will be also prohibited to leave within 60mins since the entering into
53、 the room or 15mins earlier than the deadline.Kind reminder: Due to the heavy traffic near the exam location, parking space will be so limited that all candidates should take public transport.4. Transport Route(1) Subway: No.9 subway to Baiduizi station exit A, 50 meters to North.(2) Bus: No. 61 / 9
54、2 bus to Shouti South Road South Gate station, and 3 minutes walk to the destination.Kind reminder: Capital Normal University Dongyi Zone is not located in the main campus of Capital Normal University, please plan your route properly.Beijing Organizing Committeefor the 2022 Olympic and Paralympic Wi
55、nter GamesApril 7, 201736. Which of the following statements is TRUE?A. Applicants who arrive after 8:30 can not enter the examination room.B. The admission tickets and valid IDs are required for the examination.C. The Exam Site lies in the main campus of Capital Normal University.D. There is nothin
56、g to worry about for applicants who drive to the location.37. The purpose of this passage is to _.A. employ organizers for the CommitteeB. promote Beijing Organizing CommitteeC. give candidates information about the written examD. encourage more applicants to take the written exam【答案】36. B 37. C【解析】
57、本文是一篇通告。北京组委会发出，关于2022年奥运会以及冬季残奥会已经通过第一轮审核人员参加考试的通告信息。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据通告中的注意事项(2) All candidates shall bring the admission tickets and valid IDs所有报考者应该带准考证和有效身份证。可知选B。【37题详解】主旨大意题。通读文章可看出，文章是北京奥运会组委会发出的一篇通告，告诉报考者参加考试的信息。故选C。【名师点睛】文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。答案与题目在表达形式和意义上直接吻合，一一对应，一目了然。属于浅层次的阅读试题，分数比例较少。（2
58、）语言转述型。这是一类间接事实细节题，答案与题目在意义上从分运用了词义之间的转述关系，即正确选项是原文有关词语和句子的另类表达。属于中档难度题，分数比例较大。（3）语意理解型。这是一类深层事实细节理解题，答案与题目之间存在着一定的逻辑联系，这种联系需要建立在事实的基础上通过上、下文来进行判断、分析、归纳和整合，才能得出正确答案。属于较高难度的事实细节题。（4）是非辨别型。这是一类综合事实细节题，出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。（5）事实排序型。这是一类运用多项事实进行排序的事实细节题，要求根据动作发生的先后顺序、时
59、间顺序或者句子之间的逻辑关系，找出时间发生，发展的正确顺序。例如：本文的第2小题：1.B【解题剖析】此题属于细节理解中的（4）一一是非辨别型。出题形式常常是“三正一误”(三项正确，只有一项不符合原文内容)或“三误一正”（三项错误，只有一项符合原文内容)。本题属于“三误一正”的考查形式。【答案定位】根据3. Notice部分的内容(2) All candidates shall bring the admission tickets and valid IDs。【推理关系】题干Which of the following statements is TRUE? 定位文章内容(4) The can
60、didates will not be allowed to enter the examination room if late for 30mins,可知A选项错误；Kind reminder: Capital Normal University Dongyi Zone is not located in the main campus of Capital Normal University可知C选项错误；Kind reminder: Due to the heavy traffic near the exam location, parking space will be so lim
61、ited that all candidates should take public transport.可知D选项错误。【答案】The admission tickets and valid IDs are required for the examination.选项B 关键词bring the admission tickets and valid IDsBIn the time of weak job and housing markers. Consumers are saving less than they have in decades and industry profes
62、sionals expect that trend to continue. Consumers saved 6.4 percent of their after-tax in-come in June. Before the recession, the rate was 1 to 2 percent for many years. In June, consumer spending and personal incomes were essentially flat compared with May, suggesting that the American economy, as d
63、ependent as it is on shoppers opening their wallets and purses, isnt likely to rebound anytime soon.On the bright side, the practices that consumers have adopted in response to the economic crisis ultimately could make them happier. New studies of consumption and happiness show, for instance, that p
64、eople are happier when they spend money on experiences instead of material objects, when they relish what they plan to buy long before they buy it, and when they stop trying to outdo the Joneses.If consumers end up sticking with their newfound spending habits, some tactics(策略) that retailers and mar
65、keters began using during the recession could become lasting business strategies. Among those strategies are offering goods that makes being at home more entertaining and trying to make consumers feel special by giving them access to exclusive events and more personal customer service.While the curr
66、ent round of stinginess may simply be a response to the economic downturn, some analysts say consumers may also be permanently adjusting their spending based on what theyve discovered about what truly makes them happy or fulfilled.“This actually is a topic that hasnt been researched very much until
67、recently,” says Elizabeth W. Dunn, an associate professor in the psychology department at the University of British Columbia, who is at the forefront of research on consumption and happiness. Theres massive literature on in come and happiness. Its amazing how little there is on how to spend your mon
68、ey.Studies over the last few decades have shown that money, up to a certain point, makes people happier because it lets them meet basic needs. The latest round of research is. for lack of a better term, all about emotional efficiency: how to reap the most happiness for your dollar.So just where does
69、 happiness reside for consumers? Scholars and researchers havent determined whether Armani will put a bigger smile on your face than Dolce & Gabbana. But they have found that our types of purchases, their size and frequency, and even the timing of the spending all affect long-term happiness.One majo
70、r finding is that spending money for an experience - concert tickets, French less orris, sushi-rolling classes, a hotel room in Monaco - produces longer-lasting satisfaction than spending money on plain old stuff.“Its better to go on a vacation than buy a new couch is basically the idea,” says Profe
71、ssor Dunn.Thomas DeLeire, an associate professor at the University of Wisconsin discovered that the only category to be positively related to happiness was leisure: vacations, entertainment, sports and equipment like golf clubs and fishing poles.38 Whats the dark side of American consumers saving mo
72、re and spending less?A. The job and housing markets will become even weaker.B. There is little hope that the American economy will recover soon.C. More and more retailers and marketers will have to go bankrupt.D. Its possible that the American economy will rebound sooner.39. What will happen if cust
73、omers keep their spending habits formed in the economic downturn?A. They will get goods and services much cheaper.B. Its likely that they spend more time indoors.C. Retailers will change their business strategies.D. They will enjoy better services and experiences.40. What surprises Elizabeth W Dunn
74、according to the passage?A. There is little about how to spend money to make people happy.B. Consumers unconsciously adjust their spending habits to be happy.C. People started researches on con sumption-happiness relation ship so early.D. Happiness is proved to have nothing to do with consumption.41
75、. Scholars such as Prof. Dunn and Prof. DeLeire agree that _A. richer people feel happier and more satisfiedB. most consumers prefer leading brands like ArmaniC. spending on vacations brings long-term happinessD. people should curb their spending on material thing【答案】38. B 39. D 40. A 41. C【解析】【分析】这
76、是一篇说明文。在就业和住房市场疲软的时候，美国消费者的储蓄比过去几十年都少，行业专家预计这一趋势将持续下去。文章分析了这一现象好和不好的方面，过去几十年的研究表明，在一定程度上，金钱能让人更快乐，因为它能满足人们的基本需求。同时说明了能够长久让人感觉幸福的事情是去体验。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中Consumers saved 6.4 percent of their after-tax in-come in June. Before the recession, the rate was 1 to 2 percent for many years. In June, consume
77、r spending and personal incomes were essentially flat compared with May, suggesting that the American economy, as dependent as it is on shoppers opening their wallets and purses, isnt likely to rebound anytime soon.可知6月份消费者将税后收入的6.4%存了起来。在经济衰退之前，这一比例曾连续多年保持在1%到2%之间。6月份消费者支出和个人收入与5月份基本持平，这表明美国经济虽然依赖于
78、消费者打开钱包，但短期内不太可能出现反弹。由此可知，美国消费者多存钱少花钱不好的一面是美国经济很快复苏的希望很小。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中Among those strategies are offering goods that makes being at home more entertaining and trying to make consumers feel special by giving them access to exclusive events and more personal customer service.可知这些策略包括提供使居家生活更
79、有趣的商品，并通过提供独家活动和更个性化的客户服务，试图让消费者感到与众不同。由此可知，如果消费者在经济低迷时期养成的消费习惯不变，他们将享受更好的服务和体验。故选D。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中Its amazing how little there is on how to spend your money.可知令人惊讶的是，关于如何花钱的信息是如此之少。由此可知，Elizabeth W Dunn感到惊讶的是几乎没有关于如何花钱让人们快乐的内容。故选A。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Its better to go on a vacation than buy a n
80、ew couch is basically the idea,” says Professor Dunn.可知Dunn教授说:“度假总比买个新沙发强。”以及最后一段Thomas DeLeire, an associate professor at the University of Wisconsin discovered that the only category to be positively related to happiness was leisure: vacations, entertainment, sports and equipment like golf clubs
81、and fishing poles.可知威斯康星大学副教授Thomas DeLeire发现，与幸福感呈正相关的唯一类别是休闲：度假、娱乐、运动以及高尔夫俱乐部和钓鱼竿等设备。由此可推知，Dunn和DeLeire等教授一致认为，度假能带来长期的幸福感。故选C。【点睛】文章主题和中心思想的阐述往往需要大量细节信息的支持，这些细节对于理解全文内容至关重要，同时也是归纳和概括文章中心思想的基础。命题人往往会要求考生根据不同的要求阅读文章，以获得某些特定的信息，或准确地寻求所需的细节，并对细节进行直接或间接辨认和理解。文章细节的理解可以细化为：（1）一一对应型。（2）语言转述型。（3）语意理解型。（4）
82、是非辨别型。（5）事实排序型。如第三小题，根据第五段中Its amazing how little there is on how to spend your money.可知令人惊讶的是，关于如何花钱的信息是如此之少。由此可知，Elizabeth W Dunn感到惊讶的是几乎没有关于如何花钱让人们快乐的内容。故选A。CRemittance (汇款) increase living standards in the country of origin. Remittances m a large share of the GDP of many developing countries. A
83、study on remittances to Mexico found that remittances lead to a considerable increase in the availability of public services in Mexico, surpassing government spending in some localities.Research finds that emigration and low migration barriers have net positive effects on human capital formation in
84、the sending countries. This means that there is a “brain gain” instead of a brain drain to emigration.One study finds that sending Countries benefit indirectly in the long run from the emigration of skilled workers because those skilled workers are able to innovate more in developed countries, which
85、 the sending countries are able to benefit as a positive externality. Greater emigration of skilled workers consequently leads to greater economic growth and welfare improvements in the long run.Research also suggests that emigration, remittances and return migration can have a positive impact on po
86、litical institutions and democratization in the country of origin. Research also shows that remittances can lower the risk of civil war in the country of origin. Return migration from countries with liberal gender norms has been associated with the transfer of liberal gender norms to the home countr
87、y.Research suggests that emigration causes an increase in the wages of those who remain in the country of origin. A 2014 survey of the existing literature on migration finds that a 10 percent emigrant supply shock would increase wages in the sending country by 2 % - 5.5 %. A study of emigration from
88、 Poland shows that it led to a slight increase in wages for high-and medium-skilled workers for remaining Poles. A 2013 study finds that emigration from Eastern Europe after the 2004 EU enlargement increased the wages of remaining young workers in the country of origin by 6%, while it had no effect
89、on the wages of old workers. The wages of Lithuanian men increased as a result of post-EU enlargement emigration. Return migration is associated with greater household firm revenues(收入).Some research shows that the remittance effect is not strong enough to make the remaining natives in countries wit
90、h high emigration flows better off.It has been argued that high-skill emigration causes labor shortages in the country of origin. This remains unsupported in the academic literature though. According to economist Michael Clemens, it has not been shown that restrictions on high-skill emigration reduc
91、e shortages in the countries of origin.42. This passage mainly tells us that _A. peoples living standards in the receiving countries have been greatly improvedB. emigration has both advantages and disadvantages to the sending countriesC. the reasons behind economic growth in the sending countriesD.
92、the effect of migration on the sending countries43. From the first three paragraphs, we know that _A. the emigration of skilled workers brings economic growth to developed countriesB. emigration means a kind of “brain gain” rather than brain drainC. the government in Mexico should spend more on publ
93、ic servicesD. highly qualified workers are bound to return to their home country44. The examples in Paragraph 5 show that _A. return migration makes the natives better offB. a wage increase is associated with economic growthC. enlargement brings welfare to all EuropeansD. emigration leads to a salar
94、y increase for remaining natives45. According to the passage, what can we know about the country of origin?A. The negative effects of high-skill emigration have shown up.B. Remittances have a good effect on maintaining social stability,C. High migration barriers can reduce shortages of skilled worke
95、rs.D. High-skill emigration may cause economic fall within a short time.【答案】42. D 43. B 44. A 45. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍研究发现，移民和低移民壁垒对移民输出国的人力资本形成有净积极影响这意味着存在“人才流入”而不是“人才外流”，但是移民对输出国是有一定的影响，本文谈到这点。【42题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段中A study on remittances to Mexico found that remittances lead to a considerable increa
96、se in the availability of public services in Mexico, surpassing government spending in some localities.可知一项关于向墨西哥汇款的研究发现，汇款导致墨西哥公共服务的可得性大大增加，超过了一些地方的政府支出。以及结合文章介绍研究发现，移民和低移民壁垒对移民输出国的人力资本形成有净积极影响。这意味着存在“人才流入”而不是“人才外流”，但是移民对输出国是有一定的影响，可知本文是介绍移徙对输出国的影响，故选D。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段Research finds that emigrati
97、on and low migration barriers have net positive effects on human capital formation in the sending countries. This means that there is a “brain gain” instead of a brain drain to emigration.可知研究发现，移民和低移民壁垒对输入国人力资本形成具有净正效应。这意味着有“人才的增加”而不是“人才外流”。由此可知，移民意味着一种“人才的增加”而不是“人才的流失”。故选B。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段中Retur
98、n migration is associated with greater household firm revenues.可知回归迁移与更高的家庭企业收入相关。由此可推知，第5段的例子表明回归迁移使当地人生活得更好。故选A。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段中Research also suggests that emigration, remittances and return migration can have a positive impact on political institutions and democratization in the country of ori
99、gin. Research also shows that remittances can lower the risk of civil war in the country of origin.可知研究还表明，移民、汇款和回返移民可以对原籍国的政治体制和民主化产生积极影响。研究还表明，汇款可以降低原籍国发生内战的风险。由此可知，汇款对维持社会稳定有很好的作用。故选B。【点睛】主旨大意主要的解题策略有：（1）标题类。文章标题可以是单词，短语，也可以是句子，它的特点是：短小精悍，多为一短语；涵盖性强，一般要求能覆盖全文，其确定的范围要恰当，既不能太大，也不能太小；精确性强，不能随意改变语言表意
100、的程度及色彩。（2）主旨类。概括主旨的方法是：先看首尾或各段开头再看全文找主题句，若无明显主题句，就通过关键词句来概括(如议论文中寻找表达作者观点态度的词句，记叙文寻找概括情节和中心的动词或反映人物特点的形容词)。文中出现两种或两种以上的不同观点时，务必牢记作者的观点才是体现全文中心的。此时，要注意一些转折词，如but, yet, however, although, in spite of, by contrast, on the contrary等。当文章中表示相反的观点时，往往用到这些词。答题时要弄清哪个是作者的观点，排除迷惑性信息，准确归纳主旨大意。如第一小题，根据第一段中A stud
101、y on remittances to Mexico found that remittances lead to a considerable increase in the availability of public services in Mexico, surpassing government spending in some localities.可知一项关于向墨西哥汇款的研究发现，汇款导致墨西哥公共服务的可得性大大增加，超过了一些地方的政府支出。以及结合文章介绍研究发现，移民和低移民壁垒对移民输出国的人力资本形成有净积极影响。这意味着存在“人才流入”而不是“人才外流”，但是移民
102、对输出国是有一定的影响，可知本文是介绍移徙对输出国的影响，故选D。DThis year arrives amid a few interesting trends. More America ns are interested in local and sustainable foods: urban farming, chicken-raising. And more Americans are hunting, spending increasing time and money on that pursuit.Viewed from the right angle, though, bo
103、th these trends could have a place at the holiday table. What would happen if more Americans made Thursdays (Thanksgiving Day) meal out of wild turkeys? What if more people enjoyed a wild Christmas goose, or wild pig ham? If more did, the results might be better for the environment, for our health-a
104、nd perhaps for our souls as well.Americans growing interest in local food is evident everywhere. According to the US Department of Agriculture, the number of farmers markets rose from 1,755 in 1994 to 8,144 this year. Cities from Ann Arbor, Michigan, to Gainesville Florida, have eased restrictions o
105、n backyard chickens, some “locavores” are content to get community-supported agricultural produce delivered, and buy grass-fed beef. But for a growing number, hunting is the next step. The meat is local and avoids the ethical complications of factory farms.Hun ting has definitely enjoyed a resurge n
106、ee. Census statistics show that the percentage of America ns who hunt -which had been falling for decades-is back up at a 20-year high.Hank Shaw, author of the new wild bird cookbook Duck, Duck, Goose, and owner of the James Beard Award-winning website Hunter Angler Gardener Cook, calls it The Omniv
107、ores Dilemma effect. After reading Michael Pollans best-selling book on where food comes from many people join a community-supported agriculture group, but some get a hunting license, too.“I cant tell you how many people I talk to who view hunting as a part of a larger, personal goal of sustainable
108、eating,” Shaw says.Of course, characterizing hunting this way blurs many lines. To some, shooting animals cannot possibly be an environmentally friendly activity. The existence of “hipster hunters is also limited by cultural attitudes toward guns. Its almost impossible to legally own a hunting weapo
109、n in Brooklyn. But hunting wild animals requires the preservation of wild land -certainly an environ mental plus -and if youre going to eat meat, hunting has a lot going for it that industrial farms do not. The animal lived a free and natural life, up to its last day.Add to this the fact that some g
110、ame populations have grown unnaturally large due to the lack of predators(食肉动物). The East Coast is filled with white-tailed deer. Geese take up residence on golf courses, and wild pigs wander through the woods. In his 2012 book Nature Wars journalist Jim Sterba argued that more humans live in closer
111、 contact with wild animals than at my point in history. Hunting can keep a check on that.Hunting can keep a check on our appetites too, Susan Cameron Devitt, a biologist who recently moved from Florida to Texas, notes that one of the things you learn quickly from hunting is how much labor goes into
112、producing a meal. “If you buy meat at the grocery store, you can eat three servings a day, but if you imagine trying to keep that up with hunting, it just wouldnt be possible;” she says.Which brings us back to holiday tables? In the original version of Thanksgiving and Christmas, these were special
113、meals, based around dishes you wouldnt eat frequently. These days, you can buy turkey whenever. A wild turkey, caught and then cooked, is a different matter. A speckle-belly goose elevates the Christmas dinner in a way a regular supermarket ham does not.When you know where your food comes from, when
114、 youve labored to bring it to your table, you more naturally feel grateful for the amazing abundance of this planet. “Theres no better way to engage with nature than to seek dinner within it” says Shaw.46. What can we learn about the trends?A. Few people regard hunting as a part of a personal goal o
115、f sustainable eating.B. Hunting in the USA is consistent with the cultural attitude to guns.C. The media play a part in promoting the popularity of hunting.D. Hunting is likely to replace industrial farms47. The underlined phrase “game populations” in paragraph 8 refers to _A. the number of huntersB
116、. the number of wild animals and birdsC. animals and birds caught through huntingD. campaigns to ban the hunting of wild animals and birds48. The underlined part in Paragraph 9 implies _A. some hunters do not have the desire to eat meat from industrial farmsB. hunting provides hunters with three ser
117、vings a dayC. some hunters do not have a healthy appetiteD. hunting helps hunters control their appetite49. What can we infer from the last but one paragraph?A. In the past, people ate turkeys only on Thanksgiving Day.B. Supermarket turkeys will not be accepted by people any more.C. Wild turkeys are
118、 more delicious then those bought from grocery stores.D. Wild turkeys help bring back the festive atmosphere of Thanksgiving Day.50. According to the last paragraph, hunting is beneficial for _A. our mental healthB. our physical fitnessC. the environmentD. farmers markets【答案】46. C 47. B 48. D 49. D
119、50. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了一种有趣的趋势，越来越多的美国人对当地和可持续食品感兴趣：城市农业、养鸡业。越来越多的美国人在打猎，在这方面花费越来越多的时间和金钱，文章就打猎的好处也进行了说明。【46题详解】细节理解题。根据第五段中After reading Michael Pollans best-selling book on where food comes from many people join a community-supported agriculture group, but some get a hunting license, too.可知在阅读
120、了Michael Pollan关于食物来源的畅销书后，许多人加入了一个社区支持的农业组织，但有些人也获得了狩猎许可证。由此可知，媒体在促进狩猎的普及方面发挥了作用。故选C。【47题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文have grown unnaturally large due to the lack of predators可知由于缺少捕食者（食肉动物），一些野生动物和鸟类的数量持续的、不自然的增长。由此可知划线短语意思为“野生动物和鸟类的数量”。故选B。【48题详解】句意猜测题。根据第九段中Susan Cameron Devitt, a biologist who recently moved f
121、rom Florida to Texas, notes that one of the things you learn quickly from hunting is how much labor goes into producing a meal. “If you buy meat at the grocery store, you can eat three servings a day, but if you imagine trying to keep that up with hunting, it just wouldnt be possible;” she says.可知生物
122、学家Susan Cameron Devitt指出，你能从狩猎中快速学到的一件事就是生产一顿饭需要多少劳动力。“如果你在杂货店买肉，你一天可以吃三份，但是如果你想单纯依靠打猎来维持自己的食肉生活习惯，这是不可能的。”由此可知，划线部分句子意思为：打猎有助于人们控制食欲。故选D。【49题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段中Which brings us back to holiday tables? In the original version of Thanksgiving and Christmas, these were special meals, based around dishes
123、you wouldnt eat frequently. These days, you can buy turkey whenever. A wild turkey, caught and then cooked, is a different matter.可知这让我们又回到了假日餐桌上？在最初的感恩节和圣诞节，这些是特殊的食物，基于你不会经常吃的菜。现在，你随时都可以买到火鸡。一只野生火鸡，抓到后煮熟，就是另一回事了。由此可知，野生火鸡有助于恢复感恩节的节日气氛。故选D。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中When you know where your food comes from
124、, when youve labored to bring it to your table, you more naturally feel grateful for the amazing abundance of this planet.可知当你知道你的食物来自何方，当你努力把它带到你的餐桌上时，你自然会对这个星球惊人的丰富的食物量感到感激。由此可知，狩猎对我们的心理健康是非常有益的。故选A。【点睛】词义猜测题是高考阅读理解中常考题型之一，可以大致分为 定义猜词，可以根据定义信息和举例猜测词义。如文中常用refer to, be called或thats to say, such as等
125、。 逻辑猜词可以根据同义词、反义词、因果关系词等猜测词义，例如，similarly, the same as, but, however, while, on the other hand, since ,because等，所猜词与这些提示词前/后面部分的含义一样、相反或是前因后果。 语法猜词，可以根据构词法，再结合上下文进行猜词。 语境猜词，猜测词义离不开上下文的语境，通过上下文提供的情景和线索进行合理的分析，同时还要关注其所在的整段及整篇文章。 指代猜词即找出人称代词、指示代词、关系代词或关系副词等所指代的内容，做题时要注意指代词的位置，以便于判断，然后用所找的指代内容替换划线代词，核实其
126、逻辑、意义、位置等是否一致，最后比较所找部分与选项，确定意思最接近的选项。如第二小题，根据后文have grown unnaturally large due to the lack of predators可知由于缺少捕食者（食肉动物），一些野生动物和鸟类的数量持续的、不自然的增长。由此可知划线短语意思为“野生动物和鸟类的数量”。故选B。第四部分：任务型阅读（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）请认真下面的短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格处填入一个最恰当的单词，注意： 请将答案写在答题卡上相应题号的横线上，每个空格只填一个单词。Empathy is our inherent abil
127、ity to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person s frame of reference. It allows us to connect with others who seem different, making us more aware of the things we have in comm on. When we tune in to empathize with others, we are more likely to act with sym
128、pathy to help reduce their suffering. And, when we increase our caring for the environment, we are more likely to make choices that help preserve it for future generations.Although empathy is a vital element of our nature, research suggests that empathy can be taught, and that con tact with people w
129、ho are different from us in a safe, empathic way is the first step toward reducing prejudice. This is where museums have a role to play. Museums are safe and informal learning platforms, uniquely equipped to encourage visitors to imagine, explore, and experience rich human heritage and the natural w
130、orld firsthand. They have the capability to bring together arts, techno logy, sciences, and literature to show how all living things are linked to each other.Museums inspire empathy in us in a number of ways. Through their social and educational mission (使命), museums can provide a safe space for exp
131、eriencing our collective behavior, knowledge, complex histories, and values. By putting people in closeness to other peoples experiences, their cultures and stories, museums can help us awaken to different realities and multiple perspectives(视角) that exist around us. Personal and diverse encounters
132、(意外的相遇) with people from other cultures -and their ideas, stories, and artifacts -create opportunities for authentic dialogue with “the other”: someone who is different from us, but shares our world. Also, museums often present the stories of people and places far away. Telling stories from the poin
133、t of view of the people and cultures featured can also increase our sense of shared humanity, as we see how others face fears, biases, and challenges similar to our own. More importantly, museums encourage contemplation(沉思) of our world by providing a space where we can slow down and be with what is
134、 before us. Unlike many everyday settings where the goal is clear, people explore in museums on their own schedule, moving from exhibit to exhibit as they see fit, following their own internal guidelines. This naturally allows for a more reflective experience. Through this reflection, visitors can a
135、cquire a deeper understanding of the viewpoints of others and recognize their own connection to all of humanity and the planet.Museums and empathyConcept ofempathy and _51_ it bringsEmpathy refers to the ability to place oneself in anothers _52_It can make one _53_with others suffering and behave in
136、 a way _54_to the environment._55_of MuseumsMuseums _56_visitors to the rich human heritage and the natural world which can in spire their _57_and arouse their curiosity unknown.Museums show how all living things are _58_by combining arts, technology, sciences, and literature.How museums increase em
137、pathyMuseums hold a mirror to society, through which visitors get _59_to others experiences. cultures and stories and then accept the differences around them.As a place of storytelling museums can help people breakdown prejudice and increase their sense of shared humanity.Museums provide a safe spac
138、e where visitors can take time to _60_on everything shown and understand others viewpoints better.【答案】51. benefits 52. position 53. sympathize 54. friendly 55. Functions 56. expose /introduce 57. imagination 58. linked / interconnected 59. close 60. reflect【解析】这是一篇说明文。作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了移情是一种不同于同情的感觉。当
139、一个人同情时，同情意味着与另一个人的感情保持距离。移情是理解或感受他人在其参照范围内所经历的能力。文章同时说明了博物馆的功能，在许多方面激发我们的同理心。以及博物馆如何激发人们的同理心。【51题详解】考查名词的数。根据第一段中Empathy is our inherent ability to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from within the other person s frame of reference. It allows us to connect with others who seem d
140、ifferent, making us more aware of the things we have in comm on.可知同理心是我们从他人的参照系中理解或感受他人感受的内在能力。它让我们与那些似乎不同的人联系，让我们更加意识到我们在交流中所拥有的东西。由此可知，本段讲了empathy的概念以及给我们带来的一些好处（benefits）。故填benefits。【52题详解】考查名词。根据第一段中Empathy is our inherent ability to understand or feel what another person is experiencing from wi
141、thin the other person s frame of reference.可知同理心是我们从他人的参照系中理解或感受他人感受的内在能力。可知place oneself in anothers position“设身处地为别人着想”符合语境，故填position。【53题详解】考查动词。根据第一段中When we tune in to empathize with others, we are more likely to act with sympathy to help reduce their suffering.可知当我们与他人产生共鸣时，我们更有可能采取同情的行动来帮助他们
142、减轻痛苦。由此可知，同理心可以使一个人同情（sympathize）别人的痛苦，并表现出对环境友好的方式。故填sympathize。【54题详解】考查形容词。根据第一段中And, when we increase our caring for the environment, we are more likely to make choices that help preserve it for future generations.可知而且，当我们增加对环境的关怀时，我们更有可能做出有助于为子孙后代保护环境的选择。由此可知，同理心可以使一个人同情别人的痛苦，并表现出对环境友好（friendly
143、）的方式。故填friendly。【55题详解】考查名词的数。根据第二段内容可知，本段讲了museums的功能（Functions）和作用。故填Functions。【56题详解】考查动词。根据第二段中Museums are safe and informal learning platforms, uniquely equipped to encourage visitors to imagine, explore, and experience rich human heritage and the natural world firsthand.可知博物馆是安全的、非正式的学习平台，有独特的
144、设备来鼓励游客想象、探索和体验丰富的人类遗产和自然世界的第一手资料。由此可知，博物馆让游客接触到丰富的人类遗产和自然世界，激发他们的想象力，激发他们未知的好奇心。短语exposed sb. to“使接触”符合语境，且根据空格前有can可知应是动词原形。此处也可用introduce，表示“向游客介绍丰富的人类遗产和自然世界”。故填expose /introduce。【57题详解】考查名词。根据第二段中Museums are safe and informal learning platforms, uniquely equipped to encourage visitors to imagin
145、e, explore, and experience rich human heritage and the natural world firsthand.可知博物馆是安全的、非正式的学习平台，有独特的设备来鼓励游客想象、探索和体验丰富的人类遗产和自然世界的第一手资料。由此可知，博物馆让游客接触到丰富的人类遗产和自然世界，激发他们的想象力，激发他们未知的好奇心。根据上文their可知应填名词imagination。故填imagination。【58题详解】考查动词语态。根据第二段中They have the capability to bring together arts, techno
146、logy, sciences, and literature to show how all living things are linked to each other.可知他们有能力把艺术、技术、科学和文学结合起来，展示所有生物是如何相互联系的。由此可知，博物馆通过艺术、技术、科学和文学的结合展示了所有生物是如何联系在一起的。表示“联系”应用link或interconnect，根据上文all living things are可知为一般现在时的被动语态。故填linked / interconnected。【59题详解】考查固定短语。根据第三段中By putting people in cl
147、oseness to other peoples experiences, their cultures and stories, museums can help us awaken to different realities and multiple perspectives that exist around us.可知通过让人们接近其他人的经历、文化和故事，博物馆可以帮助我们意识到不同的现实和存在于我们周围的多种观点。由此可知，博物馆是社会的一面镜子，通过它，参观者可以接近他人的经历。文化和故事，然后接受周围的差异。短语get close to表示“接近”。故填close。【60题详
148、解】考查动词。根据第三段中This naturally allows for a more reflective experience. Through this reflection, visitors can acquire a deeper understanding of the viewpoints of others and recognize their own connection to all of humanity and the planet.可知这自然会带来更多的反思体验。通过这种反思，游客可以更深刻地理解他人的观点，认识到自己与整个人类和地球的联系。由此可知，博物馆提
149、供了一个安全的空间，游客可以花时间对展出的一切进行反思，更好地理解他人的观点。短语reflect on表示“反思”。故填reflect。第五节61.书面表达1. Currently, theres no country in the entire world where women cams s much es men for doing the same job. And its going to take another 81 years to close the gender gap, according to a new report by the World Economic For
150、um .The US for instance, ranked the 65th in wage equality among 142 counties in the report.2. Both men and women in the Us see in equalities in workplace 77% of women and 63% of men said. “America needs to continue making changes to give men and women equality in the workplace,” according to a Pew R
151、esearch Center survey. Besides, according to the White House full-time working women earn 77% of what their male counterpart seam.3.Roughly four-in-ten mothers in the US say they have taken a significant amount of time off from work or reduced their working hours to care for a child or other family
152、members. Roughly a quarter say they have quit work altogether to take care of these familial responsibilities【写作内容】1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2结合上述信息，简要分析导致性别收入差距的原因；3.根据你的分析，从女性自身要求，企业规范及政府三方面谈谈如何缩小性别收入差距。【写作要求】1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句；2. 不必写标题。_【答案】Theres clear evidence of a pay gap between male and female em
153、ployees. And its a common phenomenon that a woman earns much less than a man for doing the same job.Therere many factors that contribute to the existence of the gender pay gap. One is that women have to reduce their working hours or even quit their jobs to carry out their family duty of looking afte
154、r children or the elderly and thus are paid less than men. In addition, due to gender discrimination, a male employee can get higher-wage jobs more easily in a company than a female one. What can be done about the gender pay gap? For women, they should value and improve their competence first. The e
155、mployers have the responsibility to ensure they dont treat men and women differently. And the government also has the responsibility to make equal-pay laws and get them enforced strongly.【解析】【分析】这是一篇读写任务写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，写作内容：1.用约30个单词概述上述信息的主要内容；2结合上述信息，简要分析导致性别收入差距的原因；3.根据你的分析，从女性自身要求，企业规范及政府三方面谈谈
156、如何缩小性别收入差距。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：pay gap (薪酬差距)；common phenomenon (普遍现象)；the same (一样的)；carry out (完成)；due to(因为)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如And its a common phenomenon that a wo
157、man earns much less than a man for doing the same job.运用同位语从句；One is that women have to reduce their working hours or even quit their jobs to carry out their family duty of looking after children or the elderly and thus are paid less than men.运用了表语从句。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。