1、(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高.阅读词汇读懂默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。1.sample n2.ancestor n.3.primitive adj. 4.giant adj.5.myth n. 6.legend n.7.evolve v 自主核对区1样本 2.祖先；原种3原始的；低等的 4.巨大的；特大的5神话 6.传说；传奇7进化.核心词汇练通 辨词义写词形1seed n 种子；籽 2decline v. 减少3goat n. 山羊4root n. 根5centimetre n. 厘米6link v. 把联系起来；连接7characteristic n.
2、特征；特性入语境重活用1(2020新高考山东卷)He gets a taste of police methods when suspected(怀疑) of drug dealing.2(2019全国卷)Biologists calculate that there are about 20，00025，000 polar bears worldwide(遍及全世界)3(2018江苏卷)Some social app companies were to blame(责备) because they didnt adequately check their users registration
3、.拓展词汇用活1distant adj.远的；远处的distance n远方；距离2generate v产生；创造generation n产生；一代generative adj.能生成的3detect v发现；察觉detection n发现；觉察detective n侦探detector n探测器语境活用用所给词的适当形式填空1(2020天津卷7月)Detective(detect) Ashley Jones works at a police department in England.2The previous generation has made great contributions
4、 to the construction of hydropower.The hydropower stations they built generate hundreds of millions of watts of electricity each year.(generate)3Though there is a long distance between Tom and his family, they dont feel distant(distant)(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高单元短语再现1be a disgrace 是耻辱，是丢脸的事2be native to
5、 源于的；原产于3answer the call 响应号召4in question 正被讨论的5be crowded with. 挤满了6at the same time 同时7do research on. 做关于的研究8in the end 最后，终于9after all 毕竟，终究语境活用选用左栏短语填空1(2019浙江卷6月) “After all, everyone has bad days and good days，”he said.“Some days you need a helping hand and some days you can be the one giving
6、 the helping hand.”2(江苏卷)A century ago, the resource in question was oil.3(全国卷)Though not very big, the restaurant is popular in our area.It is always crowded with customers at meal times.4(北京卷)The students have been working hard on their lessons and their efforts will be rewarded with success in th
7、e end5He was born and grew up in Northern Virginia, but his parents are both native to China.会积累(日积月累，联想发散)1.各种各样的“增加”和“减少”on the decline在下降on the increase 正在增加increase by 增长了increase to 增长到on the rise 在上涨；在增加on the decrease 在减少2.“责备、表扬”相关词汇大观园blame v& n责备scold v. 责备；斥责criticize v. 批评；指责praise v. 表扬
8、；赞扬compliment n. 恭维；赞美3.“与有关”短语全接触be linked with/tobe connected with be related tobe associated withbe relevant to (三)重点句型仿写背熟巧用，造佳句，表达高背佳句明句型巧仿写Whats more，he had recently received a letter from his father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”而且，他最近刚收到父亲的来信，预言他会成为“
9、自己及全家人的耻辱”。现在分词(短语)作定语1.(2019全国卷)当我们接到一个电话说她入围时，我们以为这是个玩笑。When we got a call saying she was shortlisted, we thought it was a joke.The young man in question, Charles Darwin, was a geologist and naturalist, fascinated by rocks, plants and animals.这个被讨论的年轻人是查尔斯达尔文，他是一位地质学家和自然学家，对岩石、植物和动物很着迷。过去分词(短语)作定语
10、2.(2019天津卷)现在大多数大学都为一年级学生开设一门课程，专门帮助他们在学业和个人事务上取得成功。Most colleges now offer firstyear students a course specially designed to help them succeed academically and personally.Gregor Mendel chose to study pea plants because their characteristics were easy to control.格雷戈尔孟德尔选择研究豌豆，是因为它们的特性容易控制。“beadj.to
11、do”句型用主动形式表示被动意义3.(2020全国卷)我喜欢吃西红柿炒鸡蛋，我想它一定很容易做。I like eating fried tomatoes with eggs, and I thought it must be easy to cook.Scientists hope to learn more about this plant warning system，so that we can use it to grow crops without pesticides.科学家们希望更多地了解植物的警告系统，以便我们能在不用杀虫剂的情况下利用它种植庄稼。so that引导目的状语从句
12、4.(2020全国卷)然后我可以抽出时间再学一次，这样我们就可以每天一起练习了。Then I can spare some time to learn it again, so that we can practice together every day. suspectv猜想；怀疑；觉得，认为n被怀疑者；嫌疑犯先练会单句语法填空Didnt you notice anything suspicious(suspect) in his behaviour?She suspected her husband of taking her money.The teacher was suspicio
13、us of/about the students furtive (偷偷摸摸的) behaviour during the exam.再写美句型转换I suspect him to be the thief, as he cant explain the source of his money.I suspect that he is the thief, as he cant explain the source of his money.(宾语从句)(1)suspect sb.of (doing) sth.怀疑某人(做)某事suspect sb.to be/as. 怀疑某人是(2)susp
14、icious adj. 怀疑的；可疑的be suspicious of/about. 对怀疑 佳句背诵 He was suspected of stealing the ring at the party last night, and the police were looking into the matter.他被怀疑在昨晚的聚会上偷戒指，警方正在调查此事。 characteristicadj.特有的；典型的n特色；特征，特性；典型先练会单句语法填空Quick decision is characteristic of him.It is characteristic of people
15、 who have only a little knowledgeto try(try) to pretend that they have much knowledge.再写美微写作/一句多译这对双胞胎兄弟外表长得相似，但是性格很不一样。The twin brothers are alike in appearance but differ greatly in character忘记带礼物来正是他的特点。aIt is characteristic of him to forget to bring a present.(characteristic adj.)bIt is typical
16、of him to forget to bring a present.(typical adj.)cIt is like him to forget to bring a present.(like prep.)(1)be characteristic of特有的，的特征It is characteristic of sb.to do 某人会做；正是某人的作风(特点)(2)character n. 性格；个性；特点；品行；(小说、戏剧中的)人物；角色；文字，符号 佳句背诵 As is known to us all, Mount Huashan is famous for its breat
17、htaking cliffs and its unique characteristics.正如我们所知道的，华山以它惊人的悬崖和它独一无二的特征而出名。名师点津 be characteristic of通常以表特色之意的词作主语，以具有该特色的主体作介词of的宾语。 declinen衰落；衰败；减少；下降v衰落；减少；下降；婉言谢绝先练会单句语法填空Last year saw a decline in the effective demand for steel.(江苏卷)Even chimp mothers regularly decline to share(share) food wi
18、th their children, who are able from a young age to gather their own food.Before the migrants poured, both countries faced declining(decline) numbers of pupils because of low birth rates.再写美同义替换(2019江苏卷)But before they can be assured, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in
19、 the wild is declining.But before they can be assured, more efforts must be made, because the population of the crane in the wild is on the decline/in decline(1)a decline in在方面下降in decline/on the decline 在衰退中，走下坡路(2)decline to do. 拒绝做 佳句背诵 (1)The rumour spread that the ticket sales in that suburban
20、theatre was in decline for lack of marvelous performances.有谣言在传，由于没有精彩的表演，那个位于郊区的剧院的票房销售正在下降。(2)An increase in cars has resulted in the decline of public transport.汽车的增加导致了公共交通的减少。 blamev把归咎于，责怪，指责n责任；责备，指责先练会单句语法填空(2018江苏卷满分作文)Its unwise for us to blame the increase of ratings on high consumption.I
21、t was the professor rather than his assistant that was to blame(blame) for what had happened in the lab. (全国卷)Lots of people find it hard to get up in the morning, and put the blame on the alarm clock.再写美句式升级(普通表达)Alice was in low spirits because she was blamed for the breakdown of the school comput
22、er network. (高级表达)Blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. (分词作状语)blame sb. for (doing) sth.为(做)某事责备某人blame sth. on sb. 把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for.) 应(为)承担责任；该(为)受责备lay/put the blame on. 把责任归咎于 佳句背诵 Instead of blaming each other，we should communicate more and
23、put ourselves in others place. 我们应该多交流、 换位思考而不是相互责怪。名师点津 be to blame中不能用被动语态，该短语用主动语态表示被动含义。 linkv& n把联系起来；连接；关联；联系；关系先练会单句语法填空(浙江卷)The relationships you develop now will probably be linked to the ones you value later.(江苏卷)Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters
24、 linked(link) to El Nio, reducing their losses needs to be the priority.(2019全国卷改编)The purpose of the HUNCH program is to link space technology with school education.再写美句式升级(普通表达)The girl likes yellow that is linked with confidence and selfrespect.(高级表达)The girl likes yellow linked with confidence a
25、nd selfrespect(用非谓语动词改写)link.to/with把连接/联系起来link up with. (与)连接，(与) 结合be linked to/with. 和连接；和有联系 佳句背诵 According to a recent survey, four million people die each year from diseases linked to smoking.根据最近的一项调查，每年有四百万人死于与吸烟有关的疾病。 现在分词(短语)作定语(教材原句)Whats more, he had recently received a letter from his
26、father predicting that he would be “a disgrace to yourself and all your family”而且，他最近刚收到父亲的来信，预言他会成为“自己及全家人的耻辱”。先练会单句语法填空Have you got anything to send(send)?Have you read the novel written(write) by Dickens?Listen！The song being sung(sing) is very popular with the students. 再写美微写作这座寺庙悠久的历史可以追溯到唐朝早期。
27、The temple has a long history dating back to the early period of the Tang Dynasty受邀参加招待会的客人中有一半是外国大使。Half of the guests invited to the reception were foreign ambassadors.(1)现在分词(短语)作定语表主动、正在进行；现在分词的被动式being done 表被动、正在进行。(2)不定式to do 作定语表主动、将来；不定式的被动式to be done表被动、将来；过去分词done表被动、完成；注意：过去分词(短语)作定语和现在分
28、词(短语)作定语的区别：语态不同：过去分词表示被动；现在分词表示主动。The young man accused of stealing a car was from a foreign country.被指控偷车的那个年轻人来自外国。The boy playing football on the playground is my cousin.正在操场上踢球的男孩儿是我表弟。时间关系上不同：过去分词表示动作已经完成；现在分词表示动作正在进行。 佳句背诵 There is a small river flowing through the farm.那里有一条小河流经农场。(2020全国卷)
29、“beadj.to do”句型用主动形式表示被动意义(教材原句)Gregor Mendel chose to study pea plants because their characteristics were easy to control.格雷戈尔孟德尔选择研究豌豆，是因为它们的特性容易控制。先练会单句语法填空/补全句子Todays homework was easy to do(do), so Mike finished it quickly and went out to play.Im afraid well have to work extra hours, for some p
30、roblems are hard to settle(很难解决)再写美补全句子/句式升级(普通表达)Last but not least, Im warmhearted and easygoing. Im easy to get along with(容易相处)(高级表达)Last but not least, Im so warmhearted and easygoing that Im easy to get along with(so.that.句型)句型主语beadj.to do特点常用不定式的主动形式表示被动意义使用条件常用的形容词有difficult、 hard、 easy、 co
31、mfortable、 pleasant、 interesting、 exciting等不定式和句子的主语构成逻辑上的动宾关系佳句背诵 Among the four seasons in a year, summer is my favorite. The morning air is so good to breathe.在一年的四个季节中，夏天是我最喜欢的。早晨的空气呼吸起来感觉如此美好。提能训练一阅读理解障碍词.语境辨义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(2020全国卷)A group of seadwelling people in Southeast Asia have evolved
32、into better divers. v进化2(2019江苏卷)The bone structure of our ancestors developed for millions of years to support a creature that walked on all fours and has a relatively small head. n祖先3(江苏卷)Now similar concerns are being raised by the giants that deal in data, the oil of the digital age. n巨头4(2020江苏
33、卷)They tested the mens fitness and resting metabolic(新陈代谢的) rates and took samples of their blood and fat tissue. n样品.熟词生义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1Tom, a cowboy from the countryside, is a distant relative of the mayor.adj.远房的；远亲的2I sampled the delights of Greek cooking for the first time.v.品尝3The ancestor of
34、 the modern bicycle was called a pennyfarthing(前轮大后轮小的自行车)n.(机器的)原型4(2020天津卷7月)We offered to give Sharon a ride home, but she declined, saying that she felt like walking.v.谢绝.一词多义1. 根据语境选出characteristic的词性及含义(1)The need to communicate is a key characteristic of human society._B_(2)Windmills are a ch
35、aracteristic feature of the Mallorcan landscape._A_2. 根据语境选出decline的词性及含义(1)I offered to give them a lift but they declined._C_(2)The number of tourists to the resort declined by 10% last year._B_(3)Libraries are an investment for the future and they should not be allowed to fall into decline._A_3.
36、根据语境选出distant的词性及含义Aadj.遥远的Badj.不同的Cadj.冷淡的；疏远的Dadj.心不在焉的；恍惚的(1)There was a distant look in her eyes; her mind was obviously on something else._D_(2)Pat sounded very cold and distant on the phone._C_(3)The time we spent together is now a distant memory._A_(4)Their life seemed utterly distant from hi
37、s own._B_提能训练二话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)1补全要点句我们的祖先在远古时期就了解了某些种子的特性。(ancestor, primitive, seed, characteristic)Our ancestors learned about the characteristics of certain seeds in primitive times农学家一直做种子遗传变异的研究工作。(do research on)Agronomists have been doing research on seed genetic variation.毫无疑问这样做的目的是培育新
38、型种子，提高粮食产量。(so that.)There is no doubt that they do it so that they can cultivate new kinds of seeds and improve grain yield.这就需要把遗传学、育种学、分子生物学与进化理论结合起来，对原产于特定区域的种子进行研究。(link, evolve, be native to)It is necessary to link genetics, breeding, molecular biology to evolutionary theory to study the seeds
39、. The seeds are native to specific regions同时，也要对现有品种进行改良，使其产生出更大的效益。(at the same time, generate)At the same time, it is necessary to improve the existing varieties to generate greater benefits2升级平淡句将句改为形容词短语作定语的句子It is necessary to link genetics, breeding, molecular biology to evolutionary theory to
40、 study the seeds native to specific regions.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：nowadays, therefore)_One possible version：Our ancestors learned about the characteristics of certain seeds in primitive times.Nowadays, agronomists have been doing research on seed genetic variation.There is no doubt that they do it so
41、 that they can cultivate new kinds of seeds and improve grain yield.Therefore, it is necessary to link genetics, breeding, molecular biology to evolutionary theory to study the seeds native to specific regions.At the same time, it is necessary to improve the existing varieties to generate greater be
42、nefits.提能训练三读后续写23用形容词和副词增加细节描述.翻译实践(表示愤怒)普遍表达：她很生气。She was very angry.概括描述：用适当的副词修饰形容词She felt terribly/extremely angry.细节描述：增加愤怒的原因和表现句型愤怒的表现：摔门(关) 、踢门(开)、冲、 说不出话等句型：so.that.结构、v.ing形式/v.ed形式作状语其他表愤怒的词汇：rage/fury (可和with 连用)、 furiouslyangrily她如此生气以至于冲出房间，怒气冲冲地关上门。She felt so angry that she stormed
43、 out of the room, slamming the door angrily behind her.她充满着愤怒，几乎一句话都说不出来。Boiling with/Filled with rage/anger/fury, she was barely able to say a single word.迷你语料库(语言描写困境中的节日气氛)Fireworks lit up the sky as we celebrated the Christmas. The festival of lights provides joyous moments of hope and unitydesp
44、ite social distancing. People have risen magnificently to the challenges of the year, and I am so proud and moved by this quiet and indomitable spirit, which shone a lamp of hope across the world.A卷小题夯基练.语境填词1The virus has previously been detected(检测) in animals for many years, but this is the first
45、 case where it was transmitted to a human being.2What on earth can we use to generate(生产) power when we run out of all the oil around the world?3For people in this country, peace was just a distant(遥远的) hope.4As an international language, English acts as a bridge linking(联系) all countries together n
46、owadays.5It is no use cutting off the branch of a tree if the roots(根) are diseased.6According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline(下降) from the age of 27 after reaching the highest level at 22.7Snow aids farmers by keeping heat in the lower ground levels, thereby saving the seeds(种子
47、) from freezing.8One of the characteristics(特点) that make me different from many people is my adaptability.9The world moves on because of those who are eager to discover what their ancestors(祖先) did.10Do you think you could possibly send me a sample(样本) of your newest product?.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式
48、填空)1(2020全国卷)Official reports suggest that the number of households with three generations(generate) living together had risen from 325，000 in 2001 to 419，000 in 2013.2The fact is that most people didnt believe his theory of evolution(evolve) at that time.3The girl is so shy that she likes to keep h
49、er distance(distant) from others.4Great attention must be paid to linking(link) theory with practice.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1Honestly speaking，we all suspected the young man to be/as a pickpocket.2Howard has declined to come(come) and in that case we can ask somebody else.3If you lose your
50、 job, youll only have yourself to blame(blame)4A new road would be needed to link up with the main road.5(2019北京卷)Credibility is hard to earn(earn) but easy to lose(lose), and the problem is only going to get harder from here on out.6It is an herb native to China that has been used for centuries as
51、a sweetener.7A few days after the interview, I received a letter offering(offer) me admission to the university.8It is characteristic of him to say that in such a situation.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1在我看来，一个难以取悦的人一定很难与之共事。In my opinion，a man who is hard to please must be difficult to work with2在农村工作的那些同志将于后天回来。
52、The comrades working in the countryside will come back the day after tomorrow.3The fellow was suspected of killing his wife, so he was questioned by the police.Suspected of killing his wife, the fellow was questioned by the police.(过去分词短语作状语)4Nobody wants to make friends with the boy who is suspecte
53、d of having stolen money.Nobody wants to make friends with the boy suspected of having stolen money(过去分词短语作定语)5调查完后，他们把事故归咎于他。(1)After the investigation, they blamed him for the accident.(blame v)(2)After the investigation, they put the blame on him for the accident.(blame n)(3)After the investigati
54、on, he was to blame for the accident.(be to blame)B卷大题提能练.阅读理解A(2021北京东城区模拟)Mathew White, an environmental psychologist, is on a mission to give Mother Nature the respect he thinks she deserves when it comes to human health.For decades, scientists and healthcare professionals have recognized that ex
55、posure to green spaces, such as public parks or forests, is linked with lower risks of all sorts of illnesses common in the world.Experimental work has demonstrated various physiological responses that occur when people spend time in natural environments: blood pressure drops, heart rate decreases,
56、immune function improves, and the nervous system directs the body to rest and digest.As humans increasingly populate urbanized areas, they are spending less and less time in natural environments.“But before doctors can start advising their patients to head to the nearest park, there is an important
57、outstanding question，” says White.“How much time in nature do you need to generate these apparent benefits？” Most of the research that has linked health outcomes with exposure to the natural world didnt use frequency or duration of park visits, but rather the amount of green space within a certain d
58、istance of a persons home.White says，“But its not so much where you live; its whether you use it or not.”So he collected data to estimate what dose (剂量) of nature was needed to show benefits to a persons health.Whites group found the answer: Spending at least two hours in nature per week was strongl
59、y correlated with selfreports of being in good health or having high wellbeing.“I was very surprised, to be honest，” says White, who had been expecting a much longer time.“We had no idea that such a clear threshold of time per week would emerge from the data.”He was further surprised to learn that i
60、t didnt seem to matter how many trips to a park people took, so long as they got in their two hours per week.It could be a long visit one day, a couple of hourlong trips, three visits of 40 minutes, or four halfhour excursions.He and his colleagues speculate that, if natures apparent health benefits
61、 are a result of being able to destress, then whatever pattern of green space exposure fits ones schedule is probably the best way to achieve that goal.Healthcare recommendations for people to spend time in nature are probably years away, but the movement has begun.Several organizations around the w
62、orld are working to promote awareness of natures contribution to health.Some researchers have used the term “a dose of nature” to evaluate the amount of exposure needed to gain benefits.“That was kind of the deliberate medicalization of the language around nature and health，” says White.【解题导语】本文是一篇说
63、明文。文章主要介绍了人们在自然环境中会产生各种生理反应：血压下降、心率下降、免疫功能改善、神经系统引导身体休息和消化。每周至少在自然中待上两个小时与良好的健康状况或拥有高幸福感的自我报告密切相关。1Whites research focused on_Arequired amount of green spaceBbenefits from the exposure to natureCnecessary time length of nature visitsDphysical responses to outdoor activitiesC解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“says Whi
64、te.How much time in nature do you need to generate these apparent benefits？ Most of the research that has linked health outcomes with exposure to the natural world didnt use frequency or duration of park visits, but rather the amount of green space within a certain distance of a persons home”可知，对于以前
65、大部分的研究来说，都没有研究公园的参观频率和持续时间。由此可推知，怀特的主要研究内容就是对于公园绿地的使用频率和使用时间。故C项necessary time length of nature visits(访问自然的必要时长)符合以上推理。故选C。2What does the underlined phrase “threshold of time” in paragraph 3 probably mean?AMaximum time.BMinimum time.CAdequate time. DAverage time.B解析：词义猜测题。根据第三段中的“I was very surpris
66、ed, to be honest， says White, who had been expecting a much longer time.”可知，原本怀特是认为大家会花很多时间在大自然中，但是数据却让他大吃一惊。由此可推知，人们每周花在大自然中的时间是非常少的。故B项Minimum time.(最少时间)就是画线短语想表达的含义。故选B。3From the last paragraph, we can infer that White_Ais confident about his missionBis willing to cooperate with othersChas persu
67、aded others to accept his ideaDhas adopted the term for his research resultA解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“Some researchers have used the term a dose of nature to evaluate the amount of exposure needed to gain benefits.That was kind of the deliberate medicalization of the language around nature and health， says
68、White.”可知，怀特对于其他研究人员所得出的结论表示不赞同。由此可推知，怀特更加相信自己的观点。故选A。4Whats the best title for the passage?ARespect for NatureBNature as MedicineCPresent from NatureDMission in NatureB解析：标题归纳题。文章主要介绍了人们在自然环境中会产生各种生理反应：血压下降、心率下降、免疫功能改善、神经系统引导身体休息和消化。每周至少在自然中待上两个小时与良好的健康状况或拥有高幸福感的自我报告密切相关。所以B项Nature as Medicine(自然作为
69、药物)就是本文的最佳标题。故选B。B(2021安徽池州质检)The Wall Street Journal recently published an excellent article penned by Wendy Bounds on a hot topic here at MNN: the airpurifying qualities of the common houseplant.Given that the air inside your home can be 2 to 5 times more polluted than the air outside of it, makin
70、g it clean with plants like peace lily (百合花) and asparagus fern (芦笋蕨) is an economical, artistically pleasing alternative to air purifiers.So its been acknowledged that a bunch of pretty potted houseplants can help you maintain a healthier home, but a smarter home?Thats the question in light of a re
71、cent study published by the Journal of Environmental Psychology showing that the presence of plants in a room, particularly in an office environment, can shrink attention spanStruggling directive attention (the kind of attention that takes effort)can be refreshed through exposure to naturalistic env
72、ironments.Basically, taking a walk through the park can clear ones head.But can a head be refreshed simply by being surrounded by houseplants?To test their theory, the studys authors rounded up a bunch of participants, put some of them in a room with no plants and put others in a room with our plant
73、s placed around a desk, and put them all to the same series of tests.First was a Reading Span Test which involves reading a series of sentences aloud and remembering the last word in each sentence.This task requires that they fluently switch between attention demanding tasks: from reading and memori
74、zing at one moment, to writing and recalling at the next.Next came a proofreading task followed by another Reading Span Test.The results? Participants working in the room with the plants improved their performance from the first Reading Span Test to the second while those working in the room lacking
75、 in greenery did not.Consequently, the benefits of working among plants is indeed evident.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过实验说明室内植物可以很好地提高人们的注意力。5What do we know from the first paragraph?AStaying indoors can help avoid the poorer air outdoors.BHouseplants can function as beautiful cheap air purifiers.CPlanting po
76、tted flowers as decorations is very interesting.DAir purifiers are the most effective to create a healthy home.B解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Given that the air inside your home can be 2 to 5 times more polluted than the air outside of it, making it clean with plants like peace lily (百合花) and asparagus fern (芦笋蕨
77、) is an economical, artistically pleasing alternative to air purifiers.”可知，鉴于室内空气污染比室外空气污染严重2到5倍，用百合花、芦笋蕨这些植物来当作空气净化器净化室内空气既经济实惠又美观。故选B。6What does the underlined part in paragraph 2 probably refer to?AFocus ones attention.BDisturb ones attention.CWeaken ones attention.DTurn ones attention away.A解析：词
78、义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Struggling directive attention (the kind of attention that takes effort) can be refreshed through exposure to naturalistic environments.”可知，挣扎的注意力(需要努力的注意力)可以通过置身于自然环境中来恢复。由此可推知，缩小注意力范围即指注意力得到恢复，变得更专注。故选A。7What does the test prove?AWorking in nature helps increase productivity.BHousepla
79、nts will be in great demand in our life.CGreenery creates healthier naturalistic atmosphere indoors.DWorking among houseplants improves mental functioning.D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Participants working in the room with the plants improved their performance from the first Reading Span Test to the second whil
80、e those working in the room lacking in greenery did not.Consequently, the benefits of working among plants is indeed evident.”可知，在有植物的房间里工作的参与者从第一次阅读广度测试到第二次阅读广度测试的成绩都有所提高，而在没有绿色植物的房间里工作的参与者则没有。因此，在有植物的房间工作的好处是显而易见的。由此可知，这个测试证实了在有植物的房间内工作可以改善精神功能。故选D。8What can be a suitable title for the text?AFlowe
81、rs: Grand Feast to EyesBGreenery: Effective AirpurifierCHouseplants: Visual Brain FoodDPotted Plants: Great HousebeautifierC解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容可知，本文介绍室内植物可以很好地提高人们的注意力，对大脑的工作效果起到积极作用。C项“室内植物：脑视觉的食物”为文章最佳标题。故选C。.完形填空(2021济宁一中冲刺卷)One day I was sleeping in my chair when I woke up to the sound of a car cras
82、h.I sat up and looked _1_ out my window.Across the street, a car had just backed into a chainlink fence.The car must have been moving fast, _2_ it was in bad shape.The fence was bent out exactly the _3_ of the cars back end.I watched the driver get out of the car.After a few seconds of _4_ the damag
83、e, the man tried to put the fence back into the place.His first attempt failed and he tried a little harder.He grabbed its vertical support pole and pulled against it with his full _5_The pole suddenly _6_ and the man fell hard onto the ground.The entire fence fell on top of him, and one of his shoe
84、s _7_ and landed 10 feet away on the sidewalk.I laughed out loud.The mans failure was _8_my whole day.He climbed out from under the _9_ fence and went back to the apartment building.That, I thought, would be the _10_of it.The man was going to leave all the chaos behind for someone else to _11_Howeve
85、r, the man_12_ a few minutes later with some tools.For the next hour, I _13_out my window as he doggedly fixed the fence and even improved it.Now the fence would be extra secure, stronger than before.This man was actually a hero and I was embarrassed by my _14_judgments.Years later, I still look out
86、 my window at that fence almost every day.It makes me _15_ what else that man has improved, and how I can make myself more like him.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者目睹了一场车祸，出事的车辆把栅栏撞坏了，司机坚持修好栅栏的故事。作者本以为司机开始修不好就放弃了，后来司机坚持修好了栅栏，作者因为自己的不公平的判断感到很尴尬，认为司机是一个英雄，自己应该向他学习。1A.graduallyBespeciallyCimmediately DgenerallyC
87、解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我坐起来立即看向窗外。gradually意为“逐渐地”，especially意为“尤其、特别地”，immediately意为“立即”，generally意为“一般地”。根据上文“I woke up to the sound of a car crash”可知，“我”被车祸冲撞声惊醒，因此“我”立刻坐起来看向窗外。故选C。2A.until BbecauseCif DalthoughB解析：考查连词词义辨析。句意：这辆车一定跑得很快，因为它已经变形了。until意为“直到”，because意为“因为”，if意为“如果”，although意为“尽管”。根据句意可知，上下
88、文是因果关系。故选B。3A.beginning BdirectionCcentre DshapeD解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：栅栏弯了出来，完全是汽车后端的形状。beginning意为“开始”，direction意为“方向”，centre意为“中心”，shape意为“形状”。根据上文可知，车被撞的变形，由此推断，被撞的栅栏弯出了一个车的形状。故选D。4A.assessing BmentioningClimiting DavoidingA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：经过几秒钟的评估，这个人试图把栅栏恢复原形。assess意为“评估、评定”，mention意为“提到”，limit意为“限制”，
89、avoid意为“避免”。上文说栅栏被撞出了一个车的形状，结合下文“the man tried to put the fence back into the place”可知，评估以后，司机试图把栅栏恢复原形。故选A。5A.equipment BsightCwisdom DweightD解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他抓住它的垂直支撑杆，用他全部的重量拉着它。equipment意为“设备”，sight意为“视野”，wisdom意为“智慧”，weight意为“重量”。根据上文“He grabbed its vertical support pole and pulled against it”可知
90、，司机用全部的重量拉栅栏。故选D。6A.broke BburntClightened DroseA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：支撑杆突然断了，这个人狠狠地摔在了地上。break意为“破碎、断裂”，burn意为“烧毁”，lighten意为“点亮”，rise意为“上升”。根据下文“the man fell hard onto the ground”可知，这个人摔倒在地上，可知是杆子断了。故选A。7A.moved on Bpassed byCflew off Dturned upC解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意：整个栅栏都落在他的上面，他的一只鞋飞了出去，落在10英尺外的人行道上。move on意为
91、“继续前进”，pass by意为“经过”，fly off意为“飞出”，turn up意为“出现”。根据下文“landed 10 feet away on the sidewalk”可知，鞋子飞了出去。故选C。8A.wasting BbrighteningCcompleting DcontrollingB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：我大声笑了出来，那个人的失败使我一整天都很快乐。waste意为“浪费”，brighten意为“使发亮、使快乐”，complete意为“完成”，control意为“控制”。根据上文“I laughed out loud.”可知，那一天“我”很快乐。故选B。9A.fal
92、len BhiddenClocked DrelatedA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他从倒塌的栅栏下爬出来，回到公寓楼。fall意为“倒下、倒塌”，hid意为“躲藏”，lock意为“锁”，relate意为“联系”。根据上文“The entire fence fell on top of him”可知，栅栏是倒塌了的。故选A。10A.plan BformCcause DendD解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我认为那是事情的结束。plan意为“计划”，form意为“形式”，cause意为“起因”，end意为“结束”。根据下文“However, the man_a few minutes late
93、r with some tools.”可知，“我”认为这件事就这样结束了，然而，几分钟以后这个人带着一些工具又回来了。故选D。11A.give away Bclean upClearn from Drefer toB解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意： 这个人打算把所有的混乱都留给别人去清理。give away意为“泄露”，clean up意为“打扫、清理”，learn from意为“向学习”，refer to意为“涉及、指的是”。根据上文“leave all the chaos behind for someone else”可知，留给别人清理所有的混乱。故选B。12A.quit Bhesitat
94、edCapproved DappearedD解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：然而，几分钟以后这个人带着一些工具出现了。quit意为“离开、放弃”，hesitate意为“犹豫”，approve意为“赞成、同意”，appear意为“出现”。根据下文“as he doggedly fixed the fence and even improved it”可知，这个人又出现了。故选D。13A.worked BcountedCwatched DguessedC解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：接下来的一个小时，我看着窗外，他坚持不懈地修理了栅栏，甚至改进了它。work意为“工作”，count意为“计算”，wa
95、tch意为“观看”，guess意为“猜测”。根据下文“out my window”可知，“我”看着窗外，看到这个人一直在修栅栏。故选C。14A.unbalanced BuncertainCunfair DunhurriedC解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个人实际上是个英雄，我对我不公平的判断感到尴尬。unbalanced意为“不平衡的”，uncertain意为“不确定的”，unfair意为“不公平的”，unhurried意为“从容不迫的”。根据上文的“This man was actually a hero and I was embarrassed”可知，“我”因为“我”不公平的判断感到
96、尴尬。故选C。15A.wonder BobserveCexplain DchallengeA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：它让我想知道那个人还有什么进步，我如何才能让自己更像他。wonder意为“想知道”，observe意为“观察”，explain意为“解释”，challenge意为“挑战”。根据下文提的两个疑问“what else that man has improved, and how I can make myself more like him”可知，“我”想知道那个人还能取得什么别的进步，“我”如何才能让自己更像他。故选A。.语法填空(2021广东化州一模)The global
97、tourism industry is developing 1._(quick)In 2017, it contributed eight trillion dollars to the economy, and accounted for 10 percent of employment worldwide.Americans used to be 2._ biggest movers in the industry.Now its the Chinese.Last year, more Chinese people 3._(travel) and spent more money doi
98、ng so than any other nationality.4_ middle classes get wealthier in emergingmarket (新兴市场) countries, their travel budgets grow.The number of Indian travelers is also rising, with countries like Jordan, Australia and Israel, 5._(make) it easier for Indians to get visas.Although only 7 percent of Chin
99、ese citizens have 6._(passport), by 2030, Chinese trips will account for around a quarter of all international tourism.Thailand is the top international destination for Chinese travelers.Mexico is the number one 7._(choose) for American people.Europeans, meanwhile, tend to stay in Europe, accounting
100、 for around 90 percent of nights 8._(spend) by tourists in the EU.Tourism is increasing in most areas of the world, 9._ one remarkable exception.Travel bans on people from Muslim countries, more visa checks and a 10._(strong) dollar have made the United States less popular with international visitor
101、s.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了正在迅速发展的全球旅游业，但有一个例外因为种种原因，美国对国际游客来说不那么受欢迎。1quickly解析：考查副词。句意：全球旅游业正迅速发展。本句谓语动词是is developing，要用副词修饰is developing，说明发展的速度很快。故填quickly。2the解析：考查冠词。句意：美国人曾经是这个行业最大的推动者。根据形容词最高级biggest可知此处用the。故填the。3traveled解析：考查动词的时态。句意：去年，中国人比其他任何国家的人旅行和消费的都要多。句子的时间状语是Last year，主语是more Chinese p
102、eople，因此应该用一般过去时，travel的过去式是traveled。故填traveled。4As解析：考查连词。句意：随着新兴市场国家的中产阶级越来越富裕，他们的旅行预算也在增长。这里表示伴随的情况，随着新兴市场国家的中产阶级越来越富裕，as在这里是连词，意为“随着”，句首要注意大写。故填As。5making解析：考查现在分词。句意：和约旦、澳大利亚和以色列等国相比，印度游客的数量也在增加，让印度人更容易获得签证。主句是“The number of Indian travelers is also rising(印度游客的数量也在增加)”，因此就使得印度人更容易获得签证，这里用现在分词作
103、结果状语。故填making。6passports解析：考查名词的复数。句意：尽管只有7%的中国公民持有护照谓语是have，主语是Chinese citizens, passport作宾语，是可数名词，故要用复数。故填passports。7choice解析：考查名词。句意：墨西哥是美国人的首选。the number one意为“第一”，后接名词的单数形式。故填choice。8spent解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：与此同时，欧洲人倾向于留在欧洲，在欧盟留宿的游客大约有90%是欧洲游客。nights与spend是逻辑上的动宾关系，且句中还有by，应该用过去分词spent，表示被动。故填spent。9with解析：考查介词。句意：世界上大部分地区的旅游业都在增长，只有一个显著的例外。exception意为“例外”可知，这里是指下文列举的例外，是一种伴随关系。故填with。10stronger解析：考查形容词的比较级。句意：对来自穆斯林国家的人们的旅行禁令、更多的签证检查和美元走强使得美国对国际游客来说不那么受欢迎。根据句中形容词比较级more可知此处应该也用形容词比较级，修饰名词 dollar。故填stronger。
