1、限时规范练37(选修8Unit 2)核心素养关键词:培养学生人与社会、克隆科技的素养能力意识一、阅读理解AThe news that researchers have used cloning to make human embryos for the purpose of producing stem cells may have some people wondering if it would ever be possible to clone a person.Although it would be immoral,experts say it is likely biologica
2、lly possible to clone a human being.Since the 1950s when researchers cloned a frog,scientists have cloned dozens of animal species,including mice,cats,sheep,pigs and cows.With mice,researchers are able to use thousands of eggs,and conduct many experiments,to work out these problems.“Its a numbers ga
3、me,” said Dr.Robert Lanza,the chief scientific officer at a biotech company.“But with primates (灵长类动物),eggs are very precious,and it is not easy to get them to conduct experiments.”In addition,researchers cant simply apply what theyve learned from cloning mice or cows to cloning people.Cloning an an
4、imal requires that researchers remove proteins that are necessary to help cells divide.In mice,this isnt a problem,because the embryo that is created is able to make these proteins again.But primates arent able to do this,and researchers think it may be one reason that attempts to clone monkeys have
5、 failed.Whats more,cloned animals often have different kinds of abnormalities.These abnormalities are common because cloned embryos have just one parent rather than two,which means that a process known as “imprinting (印记)” does not occur properly in cloned embryos.“Problems with imprinting can resul
6、t in extremely large embryos,which leads to problems with blood flow for the baby,” Lanza said.“The extremely high rate of death and the developmental abnormalities from cloning make cloning people immoral.Its like sending your baby up in a rocket knowing theres a 50-50 chance that its going to expl
7、ode.”1.What can we learn from Paragraph 1?A.Animal cloning is illegal.B.Human cloning is possible.C.Human embryos may have new functions.D.Animal embryos can be used for medicine.2.How were the experiments on cloning monkeys?A.They have solved the problem with proteins.B.They have been applied to hu
8、man cloning.C.They were successful.D.They were in trouble.3.How does Lanza feel about human cloning?A.It is risky.B.It is practical.C.It is beneficial.D.It is promising.BIn beautiful rural Montana can be found the town of Livingston.It is close to Yellowstone National Park,which makes it a tourist c
9、enter.Outdoor enthusiasts gather here each year.Low-income families are more likely to face food insecurity.Around half the students in the Livingston School District qualify for free or reduced-price lunches,according to local educator Rachael Jones,known as “Farmer Jones.” She is the director of t
10、he Livingston Farm to School program,which uses the districts two greenhouses and four gardens to grow food that supplements school meals while offering kids hands-on lessons.Jones said,“In many places around the country,if you cant pay for your school meal,you dont eat.Well,here,we dont turn anyone
11、 away.”The towns school district and community members started the program eight years ago.Its part of the National Farm to School Network,which aims to increase access to local food and nutrition education across the country.Jones,who attended public school in Livingston as a kid,has headed up the
12、local program since 2014.Farm to School enriches the curriculum in all of the schools through garden lessons,cafeteria and kitchen lessons,and classroom lessons.Research has shown that healthy school meals can improve academic performance,including improved test scores.Though the Farm to School prog
13、ram is not aimed only at lower-income students,Jones said such kids are more likely to eat lunch provided by the school.Eventually she wants to get healthy,affordable meals on the plates of every child in Livingston.It is important for kids to understand where their food comes from.Thats a life-chan
14、ging experience for them.Jones said,“When I grew up a big force in my life was my grandma Ethel.She taught me from a really early age the value of growing your own food.I worked in her gardens with her,and somehow,through all of those experiences eating her tomatoes and canning pickles (把腌菜装罐保存) wit
15、h her it really built up my trust and knowledge in food systems.Im so thankful for her!”4.Who is “Farmer Jones”?A.She is a local farmer.B.She is a school president.C.She is a student in a local school.D.She is a teacher in a local school.5.What is the purpose of the Livingston Farm to School program
16、?A.To contribute to local environmental protection.B.To provide part-time jobs for students.C.To help local farmers make a living.D.To offer students food and lessons.6.What can be learned from Paragraph 4?A.Students performed better in their studies than before.B.The program offered all students fr
17、ee meals.C.Students faced health problems.D.The program lacked money.7.What is the root of Jones confidence in food systems?A.Her grandmas suggestions.B.Her childhood experiences.C.Her college education.D.Her healthy lifestyle.二、七选五I finished training as a nurse in Auckland and I was expecting to ge
18、t a job in a small hospital somewhere.But then a friend told me about Volunteer Now.Id always wanted to go to an African country and use my nursing skills to help people.And here was a chance to do that,so I decided to apply.1 I got one hospital to sponsor me and then I borrowed some money from the
19、bank.So I went to Madagascar and joined a team of people working with a local supervisor.2By going round villages,we taught basic ways to improve hygiene (卫生) and to avoid catching diseases.For example,we gave instruction about how to avoid catching malaria (疟疾) and distributed mosquito nets to some
20、 of the homes.I think we did some good.I hope so anyway.3 I was suddenly in a completely different culture,teaching people who had such a different lifestyle from my own.It made a big difference to the way I see the world.And I also made some very good friends out there,both local people and the oth
21、er volunteers.4 After I came back,I got accepted straight away for a job at the university hospital.5 Im sure I wouldnt have managed to do that if I hadnt worked in Madagascar and got this practical experience.A.We set up a program there.B.I also got a lot from this program.C.It is one of the best h
22、ospitals in Auckland.D.So Id recommend Volunteer Now to anyone.E.I failed to take the opportunity though I could.F.I had to raise $500 before I went,but that was quite easy.G.We had such good times together and weve kept in touch since then.三、语法填空While most cloning techniques are still carried out w
23、ithin laboratories,there is a commercial industry that exists to produce clones of animals.Utah State University,1. example,is cloning cows.“Cloning is an excellent way to help endangered species,promote disease resistance,or even increase milk production if the technique 2. (apply) in a proper way,
24、” the academic institution states.3. is also possible to clone your pet,for a fee.You probably have heard the news 4. one couple in the UK spent 67,000 on cloning their dead dog after 5. (send) the DNA to a company in South Korea.The cloned puppies were shipped to the UK.US company ViaGen claims to
25、be “6. most reliable animal cloning company in America” and is able to clone horses,livestock including cows,pigs,sheep and goats as well as pets.ViaGen has cloned thousands of animals during 7. (it) 15 years.“Our cloned pets are normal 8. (health) puppies and kittens,” the company says.“The process
26、 of cloning a pet from start to finish can take eight to twelve 9. (month),” the company states.“This is due to the time it takes 10. (create) the embryo,the 60-62 days for the dog or cat to experience a normal pregnancy,aftercare of the puppy or kitten before its given to the pet owner.”参考答案限时规范练37
27、(选修8Unit 2)一、【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了动物克隆及人类克隆面临的难题。1.B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“experts say it is likely biologically possible to clone a human being”可知,人体克隆具有可能性。2.D推理判断题。根据第三段中的“primates arent able to do this,and researchers think it may be one reason that attempts to clone monkeys have failed”可推断,对猴子进行的实验遇到了困境。3.
28、A推理判断题。根据末段中的“Its like sending your baby up in a rocket knowing theres a 50-50 chance that its going to explode.”可推断,人体克隆有很大的风险。【篇章导读】本文是说明文。文章介绍了利文斯顿小镇的农场入校项目。该项目既解决了贫困学生的伙食问题,又给学生们提供了亲近自然,了解自然的机会。4.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“local educator Rachael Jones”可知,Jones是一名当地的老师。5.D细节理解题。根据第二段中的“to grow food that supp
29、lements school meals while offering kids hands-on lessons”和第三段中的“aims to increase access to local food and nutrition education across the country”可知,该项目旨在为学生提供食物和课程。6.A推理判断题。根据第四段中的“healthy school meals can improve academic performance,including improved test scores”可知,学生们的学业进步了。7.B细节理解题。根据末段中的“When
30、 I grew up a big force in my life was my grandma.it really built up my trust and knowledge in food systems”可知,Jones对该农场入校项目的信心来源于自己童年时期与祖母一起在院子里种植农作物的经历。二、【篇章导读】本文是记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者参加志愿者医疗队的经历。1.F后一句讲的是作者如何筹到经费,而与经费相关的是F项。2.A该空前谈到作者去了马达加斯加并加入了一个医疗队,该空后讲到作者所在的医疗队教人们改善卫生和预防疾病的基本方法,A项在此承上启下。3.B本段讲述了这段经历给“我
31、”带来的益处,故选B项。4.G该空前讲到“我”跟一些当地人和其他志愿者成了好朋友,G项承接上文,说明“我们”的相处情况和后续发展。5.CC项中的one of the best hospitals与上文the university hospital相照应,说明这家医院的情况。三、1.for考查介词。for example意为“例如”。2.is applied考查一般现在时的被动语态。the technique与apply之间是被动关系,设空处所在句为if引导的条件状语从句,由主句时态可知,此处应用一般现在时,故填is applied。3.It考查it的用法。设空处做形式主语,真正的主语是to c
32、lone your pet,故填It。4.that考查连接词。设空处引导同位语从句,说明news的具体内容,又因从句成分及意义均完整,故填that。5.sending考查动词-ing形式做宾语的用法。设空处做介词after的宾语,又因one couple与send之间是逻辑上的主谓关系,故填sending。6.the考查定冠词。由语境可知,此处表示“美国最可靠的动物克隆公司”,形容词最高级前用定冠词,故填the。7.its考查代词。设空处限定15 years,故填its(它的)。8.healthy考查形容词做定语的用法。设空处作定语修饰puppies and kittens,由normal以及语境可知,此处表示“健康的”,故填healthy。9.months考查名词复数。设空处做宾语,由eight to twelve可知,此处应用名词复数,故填months。10.to create考查不定式做补语的用法。take time to do sth.意为“花时间做某事”。
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