1、天津市第一中学2021届高三英语上学期第一次月考试题（含解析）一、听力：20分1. What does the woman advice the man to do？A. Go to the shop to replace the camera.B. Choose a good angle when taking pictures.C. Keep the camera clean when taking pictures.2. Who is Rose probably?A. The mans student B. The speakers daughter C. The womans teac
2、her3. How might be Marys university life before last September?A. Exciting B. Terrible C. Ordinary4. When will the professor be back?A. At 12:00 B. At 13:00 C. At 14:005. Where are the speakers probably right now?A. In a restaurant B. At a supermarket C. At a watch store第二节6. Whats the man calling t
3、he woman mainly for?A. Complaining about the neighborsB. Stopping the noiseC. Changing to a quiet room7. Which room is the man staying now?A. In Room 1014 B. In Room 1016 C. In Room 8688. What does the woman promise to do?A. Change a room for the man B. Give the man a morning call C. Give the man a
4、discount9. Where will the party be held?A. At Geralds place B. At Tonys place C. At Johnnys place10. Why did Gerald never ask the woman out?A. He knew that she was always busy.B. He was afraid of being refused by herC. He didnt have a good impression of her11. What do we know about the woman?A. She
5、isnt interested in the disguise party.B. She will help with the decoration.C. She plans to buy Gerald a gift.12. What are the basic requirements for an Englishman to apply for a driving license?A. He must be quite strong and under the age of 70.B. He must be physically and mentally healthy and over
6、17.C. He must pay a certain amount of money and be old enough.13. Which problem in the center of the city hasnt been mentioned?A. Traffic B. Parking C. Noise14. What are gradually being improved according to the speaker?A. Facilities for crossing walksB. Various forms of public transportC. Space for
7、 new roads and parking places.15. What are greatly needed at night according to the speaker?A. Taxi services B. Subway services C. New bus services二、单选：15分1. After _ long eager wait, _ word came that our team had won the championship of the World Cup.A. the; theB. a; aC. a; /D. a; the【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查
8、冠词。句意：经过漫长、急切的等待，有消息传来说我们队赢得了世界杯冠军。第一空表示“等很久，长时间的等待”短语为a long wait，故第一空填a；第二空表示“有消息传来”短语为word came that，前面不需要冠词。故选C。2. Many furniture shops _ the do-it-yourself crazy by offering consumers pieces which they can make by themselves.A. make outB. cater forC. hold upD. approve of【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意
9、：许多家具店为了迎合喜欢自己动手的顾客，为他们提供可以自己动手做的家具。A.make out理解、辨认出;B.cater for迎合、为.提供;C.hold up举起、阻挡;D.approve of赞成。结合“by offering consumers pieces which they can make by themselves.”可知，许多家具店为了迎合喜欢自己动手的顾客，为他们提供可以自己动手做的家具。故答案为B。3. As things stand, the economy in China has been on the upturn, with more than seven m
10、illion new jobs _ in urban and rural areas since the beginning of the year, calling for more hard work to overcome risks and challenges.A. createdB. creatingC. having createdD. to be created【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：从目前的情况看，中国经济一直处于好转状态，年初以来，全国城乡新增就业岗位超过700万个，需要更加努力地克服风险和挑战。分析句子结构可知，这是一个with+复合宾语组成的独立
11、主格结构作状语， 结合选项，jobs与create之间是被动关系，因此，用create的过去分词形式created表示被动和完成。故选A项。4. All people, _ they are old or young, rich or poor, _ their best to help those in need since the disaster.A. even if; triedB. no matter; have been tryingC. whether; have been tryingD. whether; tried【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查连词和动词的时态。句意：所有的
12、人，无论他们是老的还是年轻的，富有的还是贫穷的，自从灾难发生以来，一直在尽他们最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。whether.or.不管.还是.；根据设空处后面的or可知第一个设空处的答案为whether，此处引导让步状语从句;第二个设空处为句子的为谓语，根据时间状语since the disasters及结合句意，此处强调人们一直在尽他们最大的努力去帮助那些需要帮助的人。故应用现在完成进行时态has/have been doing sth.主语为all people，故谓语应用复数形式。故答案为C。5. This is the first time that Ive come to Lon
13、don, so I would like to try something _British.A. normallyB. clearlyC. generallyD. typically【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查副词。这是我第一次来伦敦，所以我想尝试一下典型的英国风味。A.normally正常地;B.clearly清楚地;C.generally一般地;D.typically代表性地、作为特色地。结合语境，可知作者是第一次来英国，所以想尝试下典型地的英国菜。故答案为D。6. It is very hot here in summer. Yes, the temperature _ be abo
14、ve 40 degrees centigrade in July.A. mustB. shouldC. canD. shall【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查情态动词辨析。句意：这里的夏天很热。是的，七月份的气温可能会达到四十度以上 。A.must 表示义务，强调“必须”； B.should表示义务，强调“应该”； C.can 表示理论上或者逻辑上的可能 ；D.shall 表示征询意见和说话人的命令。结合上下文句意可知，此处表示理论上来说气温在七月份可能会达到四十度以上，故选C项。7. No sooner_ herself in her seat _ I asked her about the
15、matter.A. she has settled; beforeB. had she settled; thanC. has she settled; whenD. she had settled; than【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定短语和动词时态。句意：她一坐下来我就问她那个事情了。No soonerthan意为“一就”，no sooner后的主句用过去完成时she had settled，than后的从句用一般过去时；如no sooner放在句首表示强调时，则主句要部分倒装，即将had提到主语前，变为had she settled，从句保持不变。故选B项。8. _ my nerv
16、ousness, I finally worked up my courage to give the speech before the public.A. In case ofB. As opposed toC. In spite ofD. In consequence of【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查介词短语辨析。句意：尽管我很紧张，我最终鼓起勇气在公众面前做了演讲。A. in case of 万一、假设；B. as opposed to与截然相反、对照；C. in spite of 尽管；D. in consequence of 由于。结合句意可知，此处应用in spite of，后
17、接名词短语，表示“尽管我很紧张”。故选C项。9. -They are quiet, arent they?- Yes. They are accustomed _ at meals.A. to talkB. to not talkingC. to talkingD. to not talking【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：他们是安静的，不是吗？是的，他们在吃饭的时候不习惯说话。be accustomed to doing sth。“习惯于做某事”，to是介词，后接动名词作宾语，根据句意，接动名词的否定式，not doing，故选D。10. -Good morning, si
18、r. Can I help you?- Id like a barbecue together with a cup of orange juice, How much do you _?A. payB. offerC. oweD. charge【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查动词。句意：早上好，先生。我能为您效劳吗?我想要一个烧烤架和一杯橙汁，费用是多少?A.pay付款;B.offer提供;C.owe欠;D.charge收费。动词短语charge sb+钱。要价、收费.。故答案为D。11. It is a pity to see the US engage in a war of words
19、_ jointly battle COVID-19 with China when the world is suffering.A. or ratherB. rather thanC. other thanD. more than【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意：遗憾的是，在世界苦难深重之时，美国却进行口水战，而不是与中国共同抗击新冠肺炎。A. or rather倒不如说；B. rather than而不是；C. other than除了， 不同于；D. more than不只是，超出。根据“It is a pity to see the US engage in a war
20、 of words”可知此处表示“而不是与中国共同抗击新冠肺炎”，应用rather than。故选B。12. The manner _ a telephone is answered gives the image of the organization, so _ polite and pleasant when answering the telephone.A. in which; beB. where; beC. which; beingD. in which; being【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和祈使句。句意：接听电话的方式会给人留下公司的印象，所以接听电话时要礼貌、愉
21、快。分析句子结构，so为连词，第二空所在的句子缺少主句的谓语动词，排除C项和D项；第一空，in a manner为固定用法，设空处引导定语从句，先行词在定语从句中作方式状语，需用in which引导。故选A。13. In my opinion, all Mr. White _ good to his students in his class at present. He is very strict in their study.A. does does doesB. does do doC. does does doD. does do does【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查谓语动词和助动
22、词。句意：在我看来，目前怀特先生所做的一切对他班上的学生都是有益的。他对他们的学习很严格。分析句子可知，Mr. White does为定语从句，修饰all；主语为all Mr. White does，后面的does do是谓语动词的强调形式。故选C项。14. I tried to _ in my speech _ grateful we all were for his help.A. convey; whatB. convey; howC. predict; whatD. predict; how【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词词义辨析和连接词。 句意：在演讲中我努力表达了我们对他
23、帮助的谢意。convey的意思为 “传达，传递，表达”，predict的意思为“预言”，根据句意，第一空用convey表示“表达”，故排除C、D项；convey后接宾语从句，宾语从句的结构为how+形容词+主语+谓语。故选B。【点睛】15. -The drama we saw last night was very romantic.-_. I found the acting too bad to be romantic.A. I cant agree moreB. Ive got no ideaC. That goes without sayingD. Well, I beg to dif
24、fer【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情景交际。句意：我们昨晚看的话剧很浪漫。额，恕我不能苟同。我觉得表演太糟糕了，不够浪漫。A.I cant agree more我再同意不过了；B.Ive got no idea我不知道；C.That goes without saying那是不言而喻的；D.Well, I beg to differ额，恕我不能苟同。根据I found the acting too bad to be romantic.可知说话人对前者说的内容不同意。故选D项。三、完型：30分When you try too hard but you dont succeed; when d
25、espite all your efforts you dont get the results you need, give up and move. _16_ it like its hot, and run in the _17_ direction as fast as you can.Yes, we all have been trained to work hard to achieve our dreams, and thats a good thing. The _18_ arises when all these _19_ quotes start confusing us.
26、 These _20_ tell you not to give up, but they dont tell you that it should only _21_ your true dreams. They tell you to “ try and try again” until you succeed, but that amount of _22_ should only be put toward what you really want in life. People should never _23_ when it comes to what they think to
27、 be their lifes purpose. The rest are all just there to _24_ you, distract(使分心) you and depress you, so dont _25_ do them any longer.If you are poor at playing the piano and you know its because you dont like the _26_, give it up. If however hard you study you can _27_ score an above average grade,
28、dont worry. Your _28_ lies somewhere else. Not everyone is an A-student.Try to find out what you are good at, what makes you happy and then _29_ on it. If you do, _30_ would have to tell or inspire you not to give up because when you _31_ something, you keep trying until you get it right and the ent
29、husiasm flows from _32_.Dont worry about what people will say or think; its your life. If at the end of the day, you have a sense of _33_ and can sleep well at night, you can be sure you have made the right decisions, _34_ some of them are deciding to give up _35_ certain things in life.16. A. TryB.
30、 DropC. BlameD. Value17. A. sameB. originalC. commonD. opposite18. A. hopeB. problemC. needD. importance19. A. accurateB. complicatedC. disappointingD. inspirational20. A. booksB. moviesC. messagesD. reports21. A. focus onB. apply toC. consist ofD. result in22. A. effortB. interestC. moneyD. intelli
31、gence23. A. careB. restC. quitD. laugh24. A. guideB. prepareC. confuseD. watch25. A. botherB. affordC. hesitateD. pretend26. A. toyB. furnitureC. toolD. instrument27. A. hardlyB. easilyC. alwaysD. simply28. A. dutyB. luckC. talentD. wealth29. A. relyB. workC. commentD. pass30. A. everybodyB. somebod
32、yC. anybodyD. nobody31. A. loveB. possessC. fearD. lack32. A. withinB. aboveC. undergroundD. outside33. A. lossB. humorC. justiceD. fulfillment34. A. as thoughB. now thatC. even ifD. so that35. A. toB. onC. likeD. except【答案】16. B 17. D 18. B 19. D 20. C 21. B 22. A 23. C 24. C 25. B 26. D 27. A 28.
33、C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. A 33. D 34. C 35. B【解析】这是一篇议论文。真正有智慧的人，懂得及时放弃。好像我们从小到大受到的教育都是：坚持下去，永不言弃。但是有时候，学会放弃不一定是一件坏事。【16题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：扔掉这块烫手山芋，以你最快的速度逃离它。A. Try尝试；B. Drop掉下，下降；C. Blame责备；D. Value重视，评价。根据it like its hot可知此处表示扔掉。故选B。【17题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：扔掉这块烫手山芋，以你最快的速度逃离它。A. same相同的；B. original原来的；C.
34、common普遍的，共同的；D. opposite对面的，相反的。根据its hot and run可知此处表示往相反的方向跑。故选D。【18题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：但是当这些励志名言把我们弄糊涂的时候，问题就出现了。A. hope希望；B. problem问题；C. need需要；D. importance重要性。根据start confusing us可知此处表示问题。故选B。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但是当这些励志名言把我们弄糊涂的时候，问题就出现了。A. accurate精确的；B. complicated复杂的；C. disappointing令人失望的；D.
35、inspirational鼓舞人心的，带有灵感的。根据上文we all have been trained to work hard to achieve our dreams可知此处表示鼓舞人心的名言。故选D。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：这些信息告诉你不要放弃，但它们并没有告诉你这只适用于你真正的梦想。A. books书本；B. movies电影；C. messages名言，信息；D. reports报告。根据 tell you not to give up可知此处messages表示名言。故选C。【21题详解】考查动词短语词义辨析。句意：这些名言告诉人们不要放弃，但是却并没有告诉
36、你那只适用于你真正的梦想。A. focus on集中于；B. apply to适用于，应用于；C. consist of由组成；D. result in导致，结果是。根据下文should only be put toward what you really want in life可知此处表示这些名言只适用于你真正的梦想。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：它们告诉人们要“一次又一次地尝试”直到成功，但是那样的努力应该只用来得到你人生中最想得到的东西、以及无论人生目标是什么也决定不会放弃的东西。A. effort努力，成就；B. interest兴趣；C. money钱；D. int
37、elligence智力。根据 try and try again可知此处表示努力。故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：它们告诉人们要“一次又一次地尝试”直到成功，但是那样的努力应该只用来得到你人生中最想得到的东西、以及无论人生目标是什么也决定不会放弃的东西。A. care关心；B. rest休息；C. quit放弃，停止；D. laugh嘲笑。根据when it comes to what they think to be their lifes purpose可知此处表示不应该放弃。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其余的一切都只是为了迷惑你、让你分心、使你头疼、令你心
38、痛、逼你抑郁，所以不要让它得逞。A. guide引导；B. prepare准备；C. confuse使混乱；D. watch观察，注视。根据distract(使分心) you and depress you可知此处表示其余的一切都只是为了迷惑你。故选C。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：其余的一切都只是为了迷惑你、让你分心、使你头疼、令你心痛、逼你抑郁，所以不要让它得逞。A. bother烦扰，打扰；B. afford给予，提供；C. hesitate犹豫；D. pretend假装。根据distract(使分心) you and depress you可知此处表示不要让这些东西得逞。故选B
39、。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你钢琴弹不好，而你也知道是因为自己不喜欢钢琴，那就放弃吧。A. toy玩具；B. furniture家具；C. tool工具；D. instrument乐器。根据playing the piano可知钢琴是乐器。故选D。【27题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：如果不管你多么努力地学习，也很难取得平均以上分数的话，不要担心，你的才能不在这方面。A. hardly几乎不；B. easily轻易地；C. always总是；D. simply仅仅，只是。根据If however hard you study 可知此处表示几乎不能得到平均以上的成绩。故选A。【2
40、8题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果不管你多么努力地学习，也很难取得平均以上分数的话，不要担心，你的才能不在这方面。A. duty责任；B. luck运气；C. talent天赋，才能；D. wealth财富。根据dont worry和下文Not everyone is an A-student.可知此处表示你的才能不在这方面。故选C。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：试着找出你擅长的东西、使你快乐的东西，然后从事那方面的工作。A. rely依赖；B. work工作；C. comment评论；D. pass通过。根据what you are good at, what makes you
41、 happy 可知短语work on“从事”符合题意。故选B。【30题详解】考查代词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，没有人会来告诉你或鼓励你绝不要放弃，因为当你喜欢某件事情的时候，你会一直尝试直到做对它，而在这过程中你会一直保持极大的热情。A. everybody每个人；B. somebody某人；C. anybody任何人；D. nobody没有人。根据you keep trying until you get it right and the enthusiasm flows from 17.可知此处表示没有人会来告诉你或鼓励你绝不要放弃。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果
42、你这样做了，没有人会来告诉你或鼓励你绝不要放弃，因为当你喜欢某件事情的时候，你会一直尝试直到做对它，而在这过程中你会一直保持极大的热情。A. love喜欢，喜爱；B. possess占有；C. fear害怕；D. lack缺少。根据you keep trying until you get it right可知此处表示你喜欢某件事。故选A。32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果你这样做了，没有人会来告诉你或鼓励你绝不要放弃，因为当你喜欢某件事情的时候，你会一直尝试直到做对它，而在这过程中你会一直保持极大的热情。A. within内心，里面；B. above上述内容；C. undergroun
43、d地铁；D. outside外部，外观。根据the enthusiasm可知热情会从内心散发。故选A。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：如果在一天结束的时候，你有一种成就感，晚上也能睡得很好，那么你就可以确定自己做出了正确的决定。A. loss损失；B. humor幽默；C. justice公平；D. fulfillment满足感；成就感。根据and can sleep well at night可知此处表示有一种成就感。故选D。【34题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：如果在一天结束的时候，你有一种成就感，晚上也能睡得很好，那么你就可以确定自己做出了正确的决定，即使其中一些决定是决定放弃生活
44、中的某些事情。A. as though好像，仿佛；B. now that既然，由于；C. even if即使；D. so that以便，所以。根据give up可知此处表示让步关系，“即使”符合题意。故选C。【35题详解】考查介词词义辨析。句意：如果在一天结束的时候，你有一种成就感，晚上也能睡得很好，那么你就可以确定自己做出了正确的决定，即使其中一些决定是决定放弃生活中的某些事情。A. to朝，位于；B. on在之上，向，关于；C. like像；D. except除外。短语give up on“放弃；”符合题意，certain things是宾语。故选B。四、阅读理解：50分ASucking
45、blood is a risky business. At least for the female mosquitoes that need these nutrients to nurture their developing eggs. Not only do these bugs have to find a suitable blood donor, but once theyve had their fill, they have to be able to escape undetectedto avoid the big swat. How they finesse this
46、stealthy departure has just been revealed in the Journal of Experimental Biology.Feasting(饱餐) on an unsuspecting mammal can double a mosquitos body mass. So how does a fully loaded female heave that added bulk off the skin of her host without triggering its pressure sensors and bringing on that fate
47、ful slap? To find out, Florian Muijres of Wageningen University in The Netherlands and his colleagues used cameras that record 13,500 frames per second to capture the takeoff maneuvers of 63 blood-fed malarial mosquitoes.What they discovered is, when it comes to a soft yet speedy getaway.for female
48、skeeters, the wings the thing. With a wingbeat frequency of about 600 beats per second.the insects are able to lift themselves lightly off their host. That approach is the opposite of the one favored by most other winged things, says Muijres.When most flying animals when they take off, like birds or
49、 a fly for, example, they first use their legs to push off very hard, and then when they are in the air, then they start beating their wings and generate aerodynamic lift(气动升力) to be able to fly away. Mosquito does it the other way around. It first starts beating its wings and through the aerodynami
50、c forces these wings generate, their body is being lifted off from the substrate. And then they do gently also push down with their long legs to be able to further power their liftoff. But these forces that are being generated by the legs are relatively small.In fact, the faint flutter of a mosquito
51、s wings produces less than one third of the force exerted by similar-sized but much less subtle fruit flies as they shove off in search of another banana. And even on a full stomach, these bloodsuckers are stunningly fast, says Muijres. So takeoff phase takes only about 30 milliseconds, which is 10
52、times faster than how fast we can blink our eye. And theyre gone before we know what hit us. And before we can hit them.36. What does the passage mainly talk about?A. How mosquitoes get nutrients for their developing eggs.B. How mosquitoes can find their suitable blood donorsC. How mosquitoes escape
53、 undetected after sucking blood.D. How the female mosquitoes find their perfect partners.37. What plays the most important part in helping mosquitoes escape?A. Their legsB. Their earsC. Their mouthsD. Their wings38. Mosquitoes takeoff approach is different from that of most other winged insects in t
54、hat_.A. mosquitoes are lighter than themB. mosquitoes are keen on sucking bloodC. mosquitoes take off first with wings and then legsD. mosquitoes take off through the aerodynamic forces39. From what Muijres said, we know that mosquitoes escape speed is _.A. extremely fastB. equal to that of our blin
55、kC. faster than that of fruit fliesD. greatly affected by their full stomach【答案】36. C 37. D 38. C 39. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲解了蚊子在吸血后逃走的方式，解释了为什么蚊子能在吸血后快速逃走。【36题详解】主旨大意题。根据第二段“So how does a fully loaded female heave that added bulk off the skin of her host without triggering its pressure sensors and bringi
56、ng on that fateful slap?”可知，此处提出问题：那吸满一肚子血的雌蚊子是如何带着增重的身体离开宿主的皮肤，而又能不触发宿主的压力传感器，避免招致致命一掌的呢？文章第三、四、五段对此问题作出了详细的解答。故文章主旨是关于研究蚊子是如何在吸血后悄悄溜走的。故选C项。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“What they discovered is, when it comes to a soft yet speedy getaway.for female skeeters, the wings the thing.”可知，雌蚊子能轻柔且敏捷地飞走，是它们的翅膀在发挥作用。再
57、根据第四段“Mosquito does it the other way around. It first starts beating its wings and through the aerodynamic forces these wings generate, their body is being lifted off from the substrate.”可知，蚊子在逃走时，先是振动翅膀，凭借翅膀产生的空气动力，它们的身体被抬升，离开基底。故蚊子在逃走时，翅膀起到了最大的作用。故选D项。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“When most flying animals wh
58、en they take off, like birds or a fly for, example, they first use their legs to push off very hard, and then when they are in the air, then they start beating their wings and generate aerodynamic lift to be able to fly away.”可知，大多数飞行动物在起飞时，会先用力蹬腿，然后在空中开始拍打翅膀，以产生气动升力来飞走。再根据第四段“Mosquito does it the o
59、ther way around. It first starts beating its wings and through the aerodynamic forces these wings generate, their body is being lifted off from the substrate. And then they do gently also push down with their long legs to be able to further power their liftoff.”可知，蚊子却用相反的方式来做。蚊子先是振动翅膀，凭借翅膀产生的空气动力，它们
60、的身体被抬升，离开基底。然后，蚊子也会轻轻地蹬腿，进一步为升空提供助力。故蚊子的离开方式和其他飞行动物的区别是先用翅膀再用腿。故选C项。【39题详解】推理判断题。根据第五段“So takeoff phase takes only about 30 milliseconds, which is 10 times faster than how fast we can blink our eye.”可知，它们起飞过程仅用时30毫秒，比我们人类眨眼的速度快10倍。故蚊子的逃走速度是非常快的。故选A项。BFrans husband Tom had a habit of throwing his dir
61、ty socks into the laundry basket but frequently missing by a few inches. It really frustrated Fran when she had to pick up his socks and place them in the basket. After learning the techniques of behavior modification(矫正)，Fran decided to stop nagging(唠叨) her husband and try positive reinforcement(加强
62、). When he missed the basket, she said nothing and quietly picked up his socks. However, one day when his socks actually landed in the target, she quickly reinforced the appropriate behavior by saying, “ I really like it when you put your socks right inside the basket.” She followed this statement w
63、ith a hug. Within a week, Tom was hitting the target every time, or picking up the socks by hand and placing them inside the basket whenever he missed. Consequently, an argument was avoided.There is an old saying that” you can catch more flies with honey than vinegar”, which is the principal behind
64、behavior modification. Complaining to someone of doing something, whether its a partner or a child, often gets just the opposite response: resistance. But almost everyone respond to positive reinforcement and this approach to changing someones behavior takes a little patience and emotional control.E
65、xperts of behavior modification believe habits are learned because of reinforcement from the environment. This theory states that people will always do the behavior that results in the most favorable outcome. Even if in the doing, there are some negative effects. For instance，Fran may have learned f
66、rom her mother that it really didnt matter whether her husbands socks landed in the basket or not. It is because shed come along and pick them up for him. That was the favorable outcome but, if he only got negative messages from Fran for the same behavior, he didnt have much motivation to abandon it
67、.Of course for some people nothing will work, but its sure worth a try, for treating them with a hostile attitude probably wont get you what you want , but it will get you a bad relationship with them. Positive reinforcement can be used with anyone, for any behavior, because all of us resist critici
68、sm and respond to praise. So, the next time you want someone to meet your wishes, try a little applause for the desired behavior.40. Why does the author present Tom and Frans story at the beginning of the passage?A. To show Tom is one of those needing behavior modification.B. To introduce the techni
69、ques of behavior modification.C. To let the readers know this family.D. To list ways to get rid of bad habits.41. Which of the following best fits the principle behind behavior modification?A. Leaving a child alone when he or she does something wrong.B. Telling a child not to make the same mistakes
70、again.C. Taking no notice of ones occasional good behavior.D. Praising one for his or her good deeds.42. Which statement about a habit may the author agree with?A. Criticism contributes a lot to the formation of a bad habit.B. Most of our habits are formed in childhood.C. A habit is usually reinforc
71、ed by favorable outcome.D. We can always get along with a person of good habits.43. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?A. Positive reinforcement should be applied to anyone.B. Positive reinforcement works on anyone.C. By using positive reinforcement we dont fail to get what we wantD. By using positi
72、ve reinforcement we can improving our relationship with anyone else.44. The purpose of the passage is to tell us_.A. what behavior modification isB. the way to get along with othersC. how to bring out the best in othersD. the training of behavior modification【答案】40. B 41. D 42. C 43. A 44. C【解析】本文是一
73、篇说明文。主要讲述的是积极的强化，积极的强化可以改变人的不良行为，这种改变某人行为的方法需要一点耐心和情绪控制，正强化适用于任何人，任何行为。【40题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第一段“When he missed the basket, she said nothing and quietly picked up his socks. However, one day when his socks actually landed in the target, she quickly reinforced the appropriate behavior by saying, “ I reall
74、y like it when you put your socks right inside the basket.” She followed this statement with a hug. Within a week, Tom was hitting the target every time, or picking up the socks by hand and placing them inside the basket whenever he missed. Consequently, an argument was avoided.”当他没投进篮筐时，她什么也没说，静静地捡
75、起了他的袜子。然而，有一天，当他的袜子准准地投进篮筐时，她马上加强了这个得体的行为，说:“我真的很喜欢你把袜子正好放在篮子里。”说完这句话，她拥抱了一下。不到一个星期，汤姆每次都能投中目标，或者每次没射中就用手把袜子捡起来放进篮筐里。因此，避免了一场争论。文章的第二段引出文章的主题“Complaining to someone of doing something, whether its a partner or a child, often gets just the opposite response: resistance. But almost everyone respond to
76、 positive reinforcement and this approach to changing someones behavior takes a little patience and emotional control. ”向别人抱怨做了什么事，无论是伴侣还是孩子，通常得到的是相反的反应:反抗。但几乎每个人都对积极的强化有反应，这种改变某人行为的方法需要一点耐心和情绪控制。可知文章的第一段主要的是在引入主题（行为矫正的技巧）。故选B。【41题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的第二段“But almost everyone respond to positive reinforceme
77、nt and this approach to changing someones behavior takes a little patience and emotional control. ”但几乎每个人都对积极的强化有反应，这种改变某人行为的方法需要一点耐心和情绪控制。可知行为改变背后的原则是积极的强化好的行为。故D项: Praising one for his or her good deeds. 表扬某人的好的行为。符合题意。故选D。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Experts of behavior modification believe habits are le
78、arned because of reinforcement from the environment. This theory states that people will always do the behavior that results in the most favorable outcome. ”行为矫正专家认为习惯是后天习得的，因为环境的强化。这个理论认为，人们总是会做出能带来最有利结果的行为。可知习惯通常会因有利的结果而得到加强。故选C。【43题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第四段“Positive reinforcement can be used with anyone,
79、for any behavior, because all of us resist criticism and respond to praise. ” 正强化适用于任何人，任何行为，因为我们都抵制批评，回应表扬。可知正强化应该适用于任何人。故选A。【44题详解】推理判断题。根据文章的主题“But almost everyone respond to positive reinforcement and this approach to changing someones behavior takes a little patience and emotional control. ”但几乎
80、每个人都对积极的强化有反应，这种改变某人行为的方法需要一点耐心和情绪控制。及文章的最后一段“Of course for some people nothing will work, but its sure worth a try, for treating them with a hostile attitude probably wont get you what you want , but it will get you a bad relationship with them. Positive reinforcement can be used with anyone, for a
81、ny behavior, because all of us resist criticism and respond to praise. So, the next time you want someone to meet your wishes, try a little applause for the desired behavior. ”当然对有些人来说什么都不会起作用，但这确实值得一试，因为用敌对的态度对待他们可能不会得到你想要的，但会让你和他们的关系不好。正强化适用于任何人，任何行为，因为我们都抵制批评，回应表扬。所以，下次你想让别人满足你的愿望时，试着为你想要的行为鼓掌。可知
82、几乎每个人都对积极的强化有反应，正强化适用于任何人，任何行为。作者写文章的目的是告诉我们去如何激发别人最好的一面。故选C。CSurrounded by BrothersI know it is wrong to envy your children. But when I see my son, Tonio and his young brother Sam going down a slide together, ones arm around the other, I know I have missed something wonderful.Not only did I never h
83、ave a brother, but also I had no friendships like theirs. My sister was old enough to help take care of me, so she was more a mother than a playmate, and I was more a pest than a friend. A brother would have been wonderful, but it was not in the family planning. Now I finally live with brothers, my
84、sons, Tonio and Sam. I am watching them build the kind of relationship that I once dreamed about. They go to bed together. When one comes into our bed after a nightmare, my wife and I know that before morning his brother will follow. Sam manages the world with more ease than his elder brother, whose
85、 frustrations often bring him to tears. With a sincere “Smile, Tonio,” Sam is the one who comforts him. Tonio, on the other hand, has stopped playing with boys at his age who dont like playing with Sam. They are always backing each other up. I dont know what kind of relationship they will have when
86、they grow up. Parents always want their children to have what they never could. I want them to have each other. So I imagine them going to the same college, marrying sisters and living on the same block.Thats why I was so worried the day Tonio started kindergarten. I felt that I would lose something
87、 too. As we headed for school that morning, both boys seemed relaxed, as if neither had any idea that the day was going to be different, that starting then, Tonio would be leaving behind his brother, his best friend, his right arm. Tonios first day was chaotic, with hundreds of children outside look
88、ing for their teachers. Before any of us could say goodbye, Tonio disappeared with his new classmates. He turned to wave and then was gone. It was so sudden. Sam even didnt see him go. Although parents had been asked to ease the craziness of the first day by staying out of the school, I lifted Sam u
89、p and took him to Tonios classroom, looking for a glimpse of Tonio. Sam spotted him first. My wife and I didnt head back home immediately, stopping instead at a coffee shop to treat Sam to hot chocolate. We even let him eat ice-cream with his fingers. Sam was still quiet, so I asked him if he missed
90、 his brother already. He didnt answer. Instead he asked, “Daddy, is Tonio going to be gone forever?”“No, Sammy,” I said, feeling happy about his sweet question. “Not forever, just until three oclock.”I sometimes think that the greatest thing I have ever done is to help create these brothers. And I d
91、idnt stop with them. We had another child, and for the third time in a row, it was a boy. It wasnt long before his brothers climbed into the crib to play with him. I am surrounded by brothers.45. What makes the author envy his sons?A. He has no friends like Sam and TonioB. He has only one brother in
92、 his familyC. He doesnt enjoy brotherhood as they doD. He doesnt have a good relation with his sister.46. What does the underlined word “pest” in paragraph 2 mean?A. a bad personB. a lovely brotherC. a good companionD. an annoying person47. What can we learn about the two little brothers?A. They sup
93、ported each other in different waysB. The two brothers went to the same kindergartenC. Neither of the brothers played with other childrenD. Tonio often encouraged Same when Sam burst into tears48. The author was worried the day Tonio started his kindergarten, because_.A. Tonio might not do well with
94、 his studyB. he was afraid he would lose Tonio foreverC. he wanted Tonio to have what he didnt haveD. Tonio might not spend so much time with Sam49. On the first day of the kindergarten, _.A. Sam was very sad because Tonio was gone forever.B. Tonio had a nice day playing with his new classmates.C. t
95、he father felt happy when he sensed Sams love to TonioD. Sam was allowed to have ice-cream with fingers as usual.50. What does the title “Surrounded by Brothers” suggest?A. The author often plays with his sons whenever he has timeB. The author experienced brotherly affection by raising his sons.C. T
96、he youngest son is always surrounded by his elder brothers.D. Parents want their children to stay at home and play together.【答案】45. C 46. D 47. A 48. D 49. D 50. B【解析】这是一篇记叙文。作者叙述了两个儿子间亲密的兄弟关系，以及作者在儿子成长过程中所感受到的浓浓的兄弟情意。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“But when I see my son, Tonio and his young brother Sam going d
97、own a slide together, ones arm around the other, I know I have missed something wonderful.(但当我看到我的儿子托尼奥和他的弟弟萨姆一起滑下滑梯时，我知道我错过了一些美好的东西)”以及第二段中“Not only did I never have a brother, but also I had no friendships like theirs.(我不仅没有兄弟，而且也没有像他们那样的友谊)”可推知，作者嫉妒儿子们是因为作者童年没有伙伴，没享受过有个玩伴兄弟的快乐。故选C。【46题详解】词义猜测题。根据
98、画线词上文“My sister was old enough to help take care of me, so she was more a mother than a playmate, and I was more”以及后文“than a friend”可知，作者的姐姐年长很多，所以对于一个不得不照顾弟弟的大孩子来说，小孩子是很烦人的。由此可知，画线词意思为“令人讨厌的人”。故选D。【47题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“Sam manages the world with more ease than his elder brother, whose frustrations oft
99、en bring him to tears. With a sincere Smile, Tonio, Sam is the one who comforts him. Tonio, on the other hand, has stopped playing with boys at his age who dont like playing with Sam. They are always backing each other up. (萨姆认识世界比他的哥哥更轻松，哥哥经常因为挫折而流泪。萨姆总是用一句真诚的“微笑，托尼奥”安慰着他。另一方面，托尼奥在他这个年纪就不再和不喜欢和萨姆一起
100、玩的男孩一起玩了。他们总是互相支持)”可知，这两个兄弟彼此用不同的方式支持彼此。故选A。【48题详解】推理判断题。根据第四五段的叙述（我不知道他们长大后会有什么关系。父母总是希望他们的孩子拥有他们永远不能拥有的东西。我希望他们彼此拥有。所以我想象他们上同一所大学、成家后住在同一个街区），结合第六段第一句“Thats why I was so worried the day Tonio started kindergarten.( 这就是为什么托尼奥上幼儿园那天我很担心的原因)”可知，托尼奥和萨姆的关系密切，不分彼此，而且作者也希望这种关系能够一直维持，但是如今托尼奥要去上幼儿园了，意味着两兄弟
101、要分开，作者在托尼奥上幼儿园的那天很担心，是因为托尼奥可能不会花那么多时间和萨姆在一起。故选D。【49题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第四段中“My wife and I didnt head back home immediately, stopping instead at a coffee shop to treat Sam to hot chocolate. We even let him eat ice-cream with his fingers.”可知，我和妻子没有马上回家，而是在一家咖啡店停下来请萨姆喝热巧克力。我们甚至让他用手指吃冰淇淋。由此可知，托尼奥上幼儿园的第一天，萨姆被允
102、许像往常一样用手指吃冰淇淋。故选D。【50题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“I sometimes think that the greatest thing I have ever done is to help create these brothers. And I didnt stop with them. We had another child, and for the third time in a row, it was a boy. It wasnt long before his brothers climbed into the crib to play with him
103、. I am surrounded by brothers.”可知我有时觉得我做过的最伟大的事情就是帮助创造了这对兄弟。我并没有就此罢手。我们又有了一个孩子，而且是连续第三个孩子，是个男孩。没过多久，他的兄弟们就爬进婴儿床和他一起玩。我被他们兄弟包围着。结合文章主要讲述了作者是家里唯一的男孩子，很遗憾没有体验过兄弟姐妹间应该有的感情，而从孩子们的成长过程中他却感受到了兄弟间那种亲密的关系，被兄弟情谊包围着。由此可推知，标题暗示了作者在抚养儿子的过程中体会到了兄弟之情。故选B。DMost of us still have lots of photographs sitting around fr
104、om the days when we used cameras, not telephones, to take pictures. There are probably many photos that we do not look at and may never see again. But these images, representing memories from our past, do not have to be lost. Google has create a tool to help bring these forgotten pictures back to li
105、fe in very high quality.The PhotoScan app works the same as an image scanner. But this software program uses the camera on your phone to capture images as digital copies, which is a quick and easy way to save old photos without having to spend money on new equipment. The PhotoScan app uses new techn
106、ology to improve the capturing process, which makes it possible to take a picture of a photo with a camera phone, without glare, a common problem.After opening the app, the user first puts the desired photo within the cameras frame. When this is done, four small circles appear in different places ov
107、er the photo. The user then moves the phone over each of the circles, which change color after the process completes. Thats it! The app finds the edges of the photo, straightens the image, and puts it in the right position while removing glare. From this point, the pictures can easily be saved to th
108、e Google Photos app or somewhere else. If you do have Google Photos, images are organized by face or place and can easily be found.The release of PhotoScan came at the same time as some changes to the Google Photos app. One change is an improved auto tool that Google says creates high-quality effect
109、s in just one step. Another tool lets users choose from 12 different looks to improve overall photo quality. The third provides high-level controls for changing light and colors.Anil Sabharwal, the Vice President of Google Photos, explained why he created PhotoScan. In 1947, his parents lived under
110、British colonial rule in India and were ordered to leave their home with only a few belongings. They decided to leave behind jewelry and other valuables, but gathered up as many photos as they could take.51. What can we know about the PhotoScan app?A. It is new equipment used to scan images.B. It ca
111、n adjust the angle of cameras by moving four small circles.C. Users can use it to take digital photos.D. Using it to photograph pictures wont have glare.52. In the third paragraph, the author mentions _.A. how to use the PhotoScan appB. where to find Google Photos.C. what the benefits of the app are
112、D. why the new app can benefit us53. What is the advantage of Google Photo according to the passage?A. It provides various styles that users can select from to improve the appsB. Users can easily find the desired picture through the photographing place.C. The changed storage space is bigger than bef
113、ore.D. It stores most pictures captured by PhotoScan.54. What can we infer about Anil Sabharwal from the last paragraph?A. He got the idea for PhotoScan from his familys experiences.B. His parents helped him a lot while in India.C. British colonial rule forced him to make PhotoScan.D. His familys po
114、verty promotes him to create PhotoScan55. The purpose of the passage is to_.A. persuade us to use the PhotoScan app.B. tell us a new Google app brings old photographs back to life.C. remind us of the pictures representing memories from our past.D. offer some suggestions for Google to improve its new
115、 app.【答案】51. D 52. A 53. B 54. A 55. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。谷歌创建了一个名为PhotoScan的工具，帮助将那些被遗忘的老照片以非常高的画质重现于世。文章介绍了这款应用程序的工作原理、使用方式以及创建原因。【51题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“The PhotoScan app uses new technology to improve the capturing process, which makes it possible to take a picture of a photo with a camera phone, without gl
116、are, a common problem.”可知PhotoScan应用程序采用了新的技术，改善了抓拍过程，使得用拍照手机拍出的照片不会出现眩光这一常见问题。由此可知，用PhotoScan拍照不会有眩光。故选D。【52题详解】主旨大意题。根据第三段中“After opening the app, the user first puts the desired photo within the cameras frame. When this is done, four small circles appear in different places over the photo. The us
117、er then moves the phone over each of the circles, which change color after the process completes. Thats it! The app finds the edges of the photo, straightens the image, and puts it in the right position while removing glare.”可知打开应用程序后，用户首先将所需的照片放入相机的框架内。当这完成后，四个小圆圈出现在照片的不同位置。然后用户将手机在每个圆圈上移动，过程完成后圆圈会
118、改变颜色。就是这样！这款应用会找到照片的边缘，将图片拉直，并将其放在合适的位置，同时去除眩光。由此可知，作者在第三段中提到了如何使用PhotoScan应用程序。故选A。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“If you do have Google Photos, images are organized by face or place and can easily be found.”可知如果你确实有Google Photos，里面的照片是按脸部或拍摄地点组织的，可以很容易被找到。由此可知，Google Photos的优点是用户可以很容易地通过拍摄场所找到想要的照片。故选B。【54题详解
119、】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Anil Sabharwal, the Vice President of Google Photos, explained why he created PhotoScan. In 1947, his parents lived under British colonial rule in India and were ordered to leave their home with only a few belongings. They decided to leave behind jewelry and other valuables, but gather
120、ed up as many photos as they could take.”可知Google Photos的副总裁Anil Sabharwal解释了他创建PhotoScan的原因。1947年，他的父母生活在英国殖民统治下的印度，被迫带着少量财物离开家。他们决定留下珠宝和其他贵重物品，但收集了尽可能多的照片。由此可推知，Anil Sabharwal从家庭的经历中得到了开发PhotoScan的想法。故选A。【55题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Google has create a tool to help bring these forgotten pictures back to li
121、fe in very high quality.”可知，谷歌创建了一个工具，帮助将这些被遗忘的照片以非常高的画质重现于世。结合文章主要介绍了这款应用程序的工作原理、使用方式以及创建原因。由此可推知，这篇文章的目的是告诉我们，谷歌的一款新应用让老照片重见天日。故选B。五、阅读表达：10分阅读下面短文，回答下面问题。My high school，like many others，was extremely competitive not only in sports but also in academic subjectsThe pressure of trying to get excelle
122、nt grades while joining in extra-curricular activities could be greatSometimes it seemed like I lived at school!When I was home my time was spent doing homeworkSome days I was so busy finishing a project that I could hardly see my familiesI have a younger sister named SallyShe was nine years oldWe u
123、sed to see each other，but after I graduated from the primary school she attendedI saw her less and lessThen one day I came home to an empty house and I found a note from my mom saying my sister was at her friends and would be dropped offAt five oclock I saw my sister walking towards the door with he
124、r friend and her friends fatherI heard them talkingIs anyone at home？the father askedJust my mean elder sister，Sara，and shes probably in her room as usual，my sister repliedI couldnt believe itI opened the door thanked the father for bringing her home，then shut the door and started to cryTo make a lo
125、ng story short，a huge fight followed that ended with me driving my sister to her roomBut I realized that what was worse than the fight was that I really hadnt been a good elder sisterI had lost track of what was importantand what really matteredI had been fallen into a whirlpool（漩涡）of pressure and c
126、ompetition，and it took my sisters honest observation to show me that the grades I got didnt matter to everyone-certainly not to herAll that matters to her is that Im her elder sister，and thats what matters to me，too56. What kind of life did the author live at high school？（No more than 5words）57. Wha
127、t does the underlined phrasedropped offin Paragraph 3probably mean？（No more than 3words）58. Why did the authors sister consider her as a mean sister？（No more than 8words）59. What happened to the two sisters one day according to the passage？（No more than 5words）60. What lesson do you learn from the a
128、uthors experience？（No more than 20words）【答案】56. A busy and competitive life. 57. Sent/Brought back。 58. Because she didnt care for her sister. 59. They had a huge fight. 60. What really matters is the love and the feelings from the families members.【解析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者进高中后，面临学习、体育方面的巨大压力和竞争，成天只顾忙于自己
129、的学习，而忽略了和自己妹妹的团聚，这导致妹妹很不理解后来作者终于明白，在分数和亲情之间，亲情还是更重要些，无论对自己还是对妹妹。【56题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“My high school，like many others，was extremely competitive not only in sports but also in academic subjectsThe pressure of trying to get excellent grades while joining in extra-curricular activities could be greatSom
130、etimes it seemed like I lived at school! When I was home my time was spent doing homeworkSome days I was so busy finishing a project that I could hardly see my families”我就读的高中和其他学校一样，不仅在体育方面竞争非常激烈，在学术科目方面也是如此。在参加课外活动的同时，努力取得优异成绩的压力会很大。有时我好像住在学校!当我在家的时候，我的时间都花在做作业上了。有几天我忙着完成一个项目，几乎看不到我的家人。可知作者的高中生活充满
131、竞争和压力.故答案可以回答为：A busy and competitive life.【57题详解】细节理解题。根据“Then one day I came home to an empty house and I found a note from my mom saying my sister was at her friends and would be dropped off”后来有一天，我回到家，发现一个空房子，我看到一张我妈妈的便条，说我姐姐在她的朋友家，她将会过来。以及后文“At five oclock I saw my sister walking towards the do
132、or with her friend and her friends father”五点钟的时候，我看见姐姐和她的朋友以及她朋友的父亲向门口走去。故划线部分应该是被送回家之意。故答案可回答为：Sent/Brought back。【58题详解】推理判断题。根据“Just my mean elder sister，Sara，and shes probably in her room as usual，my sister replied”“只有我刻薄的姐姐，萨拉，她可能像往常一样在她的房间里，”我妹妹回答说。可知，因为姐姐Sara只关心她的学习。所以这道题可以回答成：Because she didn
133、t care for her sister.【59题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二自然段“To make a long story short, a huge fight followed that ended with me driving my sister to her room”长话短说，我和妹妹大吵了一架，最后我开车送妹妹去她的房间。可知作者和她的妹妹那天打了一架.故答案可以是：They had a huge fight.【60题详解】开放式问题。答案不唯一，根据文章最后一行“and it took my sisters honest observation to show me t
134、hat the grades I got didnt matter to everyone-certainly not to herAll that matters to her is that Im her elder sister，and thats what matters to me，too” 我妹妹诚实的观察告诉我，我的成绩对每个人都不重要当然对她不重要。对她来说最重要的是我是她的姐姐，这对我来说也是最重要的。作者意识到了家庭的亲情和家人的关爱更重要。所以答案可以是：What really matters is the love and the feelings from the f
135、amilies members.六、书面表达：25分61. 假设你是李津，你的英国笔友Peter 经常在邮件中提到他做义工的事。 正好你暑假期间也在一所社区医院做了义工。请你用英语写一封回复邮件，与他交流一下你做义工的相关情况及收获，内容需包括：1. 工作时间：7月15日到7月31日2. 工作内容：为前来就诊的老人提供帮助；引导就诊等3. 你的收获：建立了自信；学会了与人交流等_【答案】Dear Peter,Nice to hear from you. In this mail, Id like to share with you my volunteer experience in my c
136、ommunity hospital during the summer vacation.I worked from July 15th to July 31st, during which time people over 55 were given a free medical examination. Every day I arrived before 6:30 and helped organize the people who came. Then I would help them fill in the forms. Leading them to the different
137、departments was also part of my duties. Often, by the time their examinations were over at 11:30 a.m., I was already bathed in sweat.Tired as I was in those days, I benefited a lot from the experience. My confidence built up and my communication skills improved.How was your holiday?Yours,Li Jin【解析】【
138、分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写一封邮件，回复英国笔友Peter，与他交流一下你做义工相关情况及收获。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文人称：第一人称时态：根据提示，时态应为一般过去时。结构：总-分-总法要点：1.工作时间：7月15日到7月31日2.工作内容：为前来就诊的老人提供帮助；引导就诊等3.你的收获：建立了自信；学会了与人交第二步：列提纲 （重点词组）hear from；share with；volunteer experience；community hospital；the summer vacation；a free medical examination；build up
139、；communication skills第三步：连词成句1. Id like to share with you my volunteer experience in my community hospital during the summer vacation.2. I worked from July 15th to July 31st, during which time people over 55 were given a free medical examination.3. Every day I arrived before 6:30 and helped organize
140、 the people who came.4. Then I would help them fill in the forms. Leading them to the different departments was also part of my duties.5. Tired as I was in those days, I benefited a lot from the experience.6. My confidence built up and my communication skills improved.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第
141、四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表转折对比关系：as；2表并列补充关系：and；also；3.表文章结构顺序：Then；连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，第五步：润色修改【点睛】范文内容完整，要点全面，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。作者在范文中使用了较多主从复合句，如：I worked from July 15th to July 31st, during which time people over 55 were given a free medical examination.使用了介词+which引导的非限制性定语从句；Every day I arrived before 6:30 and helped organize the people who came.使用了由who引导的定语从句；Leading them to the different departments was also part of my duties.使用了动名词做主语；Tired as I was in those days, I benefited a lot from the experience.使用了as的倒装句等。另外，文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。