1、Unit 1 Getting along with othersbetray vt.quiz ncheerful adj.washroom n. swear (swore，sworn) vt.& vi. spy vi.& n. truly adv. sincerely adv.childhood n. superb adj. pace n. horrible adj.guilty adj. cruel adj. dislike vt. awkward adj.apologize vi. sensitive adj. athletic adj. gifted adj. disagreement
2、n. mailbox n. algebra n. arithmetic n.Easter n. circus n. online adv.& adj. identity n.absurd adj. hopeless adj. acquaintance n. twin adj.& n.apartment n. topic n. anchor vt.& n. cautious adj.eager adj. worldwide adv.& adj. adolescent adj.& n. pause vi.& n.regardless adv. security n. rely vi. trolle
3、ybus n. revision n. committed adj.1(2019全国卷) The exhibition had record attendance，showing that there is huge interest in Chinese influences.adj.创纪录的2(2019浙江卷)Most of the bills on the board were singles，but a few people left fives，tens and even twenties.n.一元纸币3(2018全国卷)“Small talk is the basis of goo
4、d manners，” he says.n.礼仪；礼貌；规矩4(2017全国卷) My next work was to construct a nest and anchor it in a tree.vt.固定5(2017浙江卷)The governments argue that this will help foreigners better join the society and promote understanding across cultures.vt.提出理由说明单词拼写运用核心单词语境运用1pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作2beg vt.& vi.请求，
5、恳求；乞讨3focus n焦点；重点 vi.& vt.集中注意力于；(使)聚焦用所给词的适当形式填空。1(2020全国卷)Those viewing the quality of Abbot Halls temporary exhibitions may _be_forgiven(forgive) for thinking they are in a city gallery.核心单词语境运用4remark n& vi.评论，谈论5quarrel n& vi.争吵，争执6blame vt.责备，指责 n(坏事或错事的) 责任；责备，指责7overcome vt.克服，解决8attitude n
6、态度，看法9forgive vt.原谅，宽恕10envy vt.& n羡慕，忌妒2.(2019全国卷) You will surely need to_overcome (overcome) some difficulties，some planned，but most unplanned.3(2018全国卷)Today，many Chinese people are learning Western styles and theories rather than focusing(focus) on Chinese traditions.4He would ask who we were a
7、nd pretend(pretend) not to know us.5The child begged(beg) not to be left home when his parents went to Shanghai on business.6I feel it is your husband who is to_blame(blame) for the spoiled child.派生单词语境运用1apologize vi.道歉apology n道歉2respond vi.做出反应，回应response n回答；反应3manner n方式；态度，举止manners n礼貌；礼仪4arg
8、ue vi.争吵，争论argument n争辩，争论5admit vt.& vi.承认；允许进入，接纳admission n承认；进入；许可6mercy n宽恕；仁慈merciful adj.仁慈的；宽容的merciless adj.无情的7amuse vt.娱乐，消遣，使发笑amusing adj.好笑的，有趣的amused adj.高兴的amusement n娱乐，消遣用所给词的适当形式填空。1My cousin did very well in the College Entrance Examination，so he gained admission into Beijing Uni
9、versity.His abilities were admitted by his family and relatives.(admit)2Jim is in an argument with his landlord downstairs，who argues that she didnt steal his money.(argue)3Jim apologized to his girlfriend for his being rude to her，but she didnt accept his apology.(apology)4Dont speak to your father
10、 in this manner，or others will say you have bad manners.(manner)5The merciless king showed no mercy and killed all the prisoners.(mercy)6After one month with no response，I sent a copy of the letter with the question “Why havent you responded？” (respond)短语理解运用高频短语语境运用1keep_pace_with (与)步调一致，(与)同步2rel
11、y_on 依靠，依赖3in_advance 事先，提前4feel_like_doing.想要做5be_cautious_about 对谨慎；对小心6in_conclusion 总之填入一个适当的词。It is an art to know how to get on with friends.First，share his/her feelings but be cautious about the secrets he/she tells you in case you give them away.Next，youd better keep pace with your friend in
12、 doing something.He/She may rely on you to help him/her to overcome difficulties.Most importantly，whenever your friend has troubles，help and support him/her and your friendship will last longer and be firmer.In conclusion，as long as we do as what are mentioned above，well find it easy to get along we
13、ll with friends.7get_through (用电话)接通8be_based_on 以为根据，以 为基础9regardless_of 不管，不顾10end_up 最后成为；最终处于11thanks_to 幸亏；由于12look_back_on 回顾，回首填入一个适当的词。Tom was a top student in a senior high school but recently he was addicted to playing games online.Regardless of the bad effects computer games had on him，he
14、 still went his own way.Before long he ended up failing the midterm exam.Thanks to the timely help of his teacher，Tom realized that success was based on diligence and persistence，and he determined to concentrate on his study again.13spy_on 暗中监视，窥探14in_ones_opinion 在某人看来15keep_ones_word 遵守诺言16stay_up
15、 熬夜；挺住17before_long 不久，很快18cant_help_doing_sth.情不自禁做某事填入一个适当的词。In order to know more about their daughter，Li Hongs parents focus their attention on her private things.They often spy on her diaries or her blogs，or even look through her schoolbag.Before long，Li Hong found what they did and couldnt hel
16、p quarrelling with them.In my opinion，its not right for her parents to do so and they should communicate with Li Hong more frequently.句式辨识运用教材原句背诵句式结构仿写1.否定转移结构I dont think I can ever truly forgive her.(2017全国卷满分作文) 如果你错过了这个机会，我想你再也没有机会和优秀的球员比赛了。If you miss this chance，I_dont_think_you_will_have_a_s
17、econd_chance to play with outstanding players.2.so引导的倒装结构Football is very important to me，but so is our friendship.(2019江苏卷) 随着游客数量的增加，道路上行驶的车辆也增加了。As the number of tourists has grown，so_has_the_amount_of_traffic on the roads.3.cant help doing.忍不住做Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy，Peter，and
18、 I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.他时常禁不住回想起他孩提时的幸福生活。He often cant_help_looking_back_upon the happy life when he was a child.1pretend vi.& vt.假装；装扮，扮作pretend to be.假装是pretend to do sth.假装要做某事pretend to be doing sth.假装正在做某事pretend to have done sth.假装已经做过了某
19、事pretend (that).假装pretend to be asleep假装睡觉pretend to be reading假装正在读书pretend to have forgotten the conversation假装忘记了那次谈话基础练习单句语法填空Mary pretended not to_see (see) me when I passed by，which made me very angry.She pretended not to_be(be) at home when we rang the bell.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)He pretended to have
20、finished his homework already.(高级表达)He pretended that_he_had_finished_his_homework already.(宾语从句)2admit vt.& vi.承认，供认；接纳，容纳；招收；允许进入高考原句2020全国卷 Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable.(1)admit to
21、 doing sth.承认做过某事admit (to) doing/having done sth.供认做过某事admit (to sb.) that.(向某人)承认admit sb./sth.to be 承认某人/某物是(2)admit sb.to/into.准许某人进入(或加入)be admitted to/into.被允许进入/接受admit to feeling a bit tired 承认感到有点累admit having done wrong 承认做错了admit that she is very difficult to work with 承认她难以共事admit sb.int
22、o the university某人获准进入大学学习基础练习单句语法填空She is said to have been admitted to/into Beijing University.You have to admit the performance to_be (be) wonderful.链接写作一句多译他承认违反了交通规则。He admitted to having_broken_the_traffic_rules.(v.ing短语作宾语)He admitted that_he_had_broken_the_traffic_rules.(宾语从句作宾语)3focus vi.&
23、vt.集中注意力于；(使)聚焦n.焦点；重点高考原句2020新高考全国卷 Too often，when you stand up to give a speech，you focus on the “public” at the expense of the “speaking”(1)focus on 集中于；重点在focus ones eyes/attention/mind on.把视线/注意力/心思集中到上(2)bring sth.into focus 使某事物成为焦点the focus of.的焦点the focus of the worlds attention世人关注的中心focus
24、 on the main issues集中在那些主要问题上focus our attention on global warming把我们的注意力集中到全球变暖问题上基础练习单句语法填空The shooting incident that happened on October 1,2017 in Las Vegas brought the problem of violence into focus.Health and environmental problems have increasingly become the focus of attention/concern.链接写作句式升
25、级(普通表达) His eyes were focused on the blackboard so that he didnt notice the flying birds outside.(高级表达)His_eyes_focused_on_the_blackboard，he didnt notice the flying birds outside.(独立主格结构)名师点津表示“集中(注意力、精力等)于”的短语还有：pay attention to sth.；put ones heart into sth.；concentrate/fix ones attention on sth.等。
26、4argue vi.争吵，争论vt.主张；说服(1)argue with sb.about/over sth.与某人就某事争辩argue for/against.据理力争/据理反对argue that.认为；主张argue sb.into/out of doing sth.说服某人做/不做某事(2)have an argument with sb.about/over sth.与某人就某事争辩argue endlessly about money 为钱财问题无休止地争吵argue against increasing fee 反对增加费用try to argue him into going
27、alone设法说服他独自去基础练习语段语法填空The workers，who argued for their own rights，argued with the boss for a few days，but failed to argue him into giving(give) them a rise in wages.链接写作一句多译学生们就校服问题与老师们发生了争论。The students had_an_argument_with_their_teachers_about/over their school uniforms.(argument)The students arg
28、ued_with_their_teachers_about/over their school uniforms.(argue)5apologize vi.道歉高考原句2020全国卷 After a while，she apologized for the way she behaved at the beginning.(1)apologize to sb.for (doing) sth.因(做)某事向某人道歉(2)make an apology to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉owe sb.an apology 应向某人道歉accept/refuse ones apology
29、接受/拒绝某人的道歉apologize to him for our error 为我们的过错向他道歉apologize for being rude 因为无礼而道歉expect a full written apology 希望得到一份完整的书面道歉基础练习单句语法填空The teacher made a suggestion that she should apologize to her deskmate for her bad behaviour.You shouldnt have spoken to your mother in a rude manner.You owe her a
30、n apology immediately.链接写作句式升级让他等了这么长时间，你应该向他道歉。You should apologize_to_him_for_having_kept him waiting so long. (apologize)(高级表达)You should make_an_apology_to_him_for_having_kept him waiting so long.(make an apology)(高级表达)You owe_him_an_apology_for_having_kept him waiting so long.(owe sb.an apology
31、)6blame vt.责备，指责；把归咎于n.(坏事或错事的)责任；责备，指责(1)blame sb.for (doing) sth.因为(做)某事责备某人blame sth.on sb.把某事归咎于某人be to blame (for) 应(为)承担责任；该(为)受责备(2)accept/bear/take the blame for sth.对某事负责任put/lay the blame for sth.on.将某事归咎于place the blame on the doctor 把责任归咎于医生bear the blame of his brother替他兄弟受责be to blame
32、for their deaths 应对他们的死亡负责基础练习单句语法填空I am ready to take the blame for the mistake.Mr.Green stood up in defence of the 16yearold boy，saying that he was not the one to_blame (blame)链接写作一句多译她把婚姻的失败归咎于她丈夫。She blamed_her_husband_for the failure of their marriage.(blame v)She blamed_the_failure_of_their_ma
33、rriage_on her husband.(blame v)She put/laid_the_blame_for_the_failure_of_their_marriage_on her husband.(blame n)7respond vi.做出反应，回应vt.& vi.回答高考原句2020天津卷 How did President Lincoln first respond to Vinnies request?(1)respond to 答复；对做出反应(2)in response to 对做出反应make a response to 对做出回答/应respond politely
34、to her questions礼貌地回答她的问题respond with a smile以微笑表示回答；报以一笑make a quick response to my inquiry 对我的询问很快做出答复基础练习单句语法填空All of us have our opinions and we respond to it in different ways.In response to the customers complaint，our manager fired the worker.链接写作句式升级(普通表达)Receiving a message doesnt mean you n
35、eed to respond to it.(高级表达)Receiving a message doesnt mean you need to make_a_response_to_ it.(response)名师点津respond to，in response to，make a response to中的to都是介词，后接名词、代词或v.ing形式。8mercy n仁慈；宽恕；怜悯(1)show mercy to sb./have mercy on sb.怜悯某人at the mercy of.任由摆布；受控制its a mercy that.真是万幸without mercy 毫不留情地(
36、2)be merciful to/towards sb.对某人仁慈beg for mercy 乞求宽恕be treated with mercy 受到仁慈的待遇learn to show mercy to others 学会宽恕别人基础练习单句语法填空After the boats motor failed，they were only at the mercy of the sea.It was a mercy that she wasnt seriously hurt and was waiting until the rescue arrived.链接写作一句多译他们要她对犯人心存怜悯。
37、They asked her to show_mercy_to/have_mercy_on the prisoners.(mercy)They asked her to be_merciful_to/towards the prisoners.(merciful)9get through (用电话)接通；通过(考试、议案等)；完成；到达；用完，花光；(设法)处理；度过go through 经历，经受；仔细查看；完成get through with 结束，完成look through 浏览；翻阅see through 看穿，识破break through 突破(障碍)pull through康复
38、；渡过难关have a pile of papers to get through 有一大堆文件要处理get through the novel in one evening 一个晚上就看完了这本小说get through with painting the house 刷完房子基础练习写出下列句中get through的含义I tried to ring my girlfriend but I couldnt get through.接通This will give you the confidence you need to get you through the afternoon an
39、d go home feeling accomplished.度过 I am glad to hear that she got through the exam，which she had been preparing for a long time.通过链接写作完成句子我工作一处理完就来找你们。Ill join you as soon as I get_through_with_my_work.名师点津表示“用电话接通到(联系到)某人”用get through to sb.。10end up 最后成为；最终处于高考原句2020新高考全国卷His visit，however，ended up
40、 involving a lot more than that.end up doing sth.最终做了某事end up形容词/介词短语最终处于状态end up in hospital最后(累垮)住院end up dead in a car accident最终在一次车祸中丧命基础练习单句语法填空While studying，fix your mind on what is really important，or you will end up remembering (remember) nothing.If you go on like this youll end up in pris
41、on.链接写作完成句子如果他继续那样开车，最终会把命都丢掉。If he continues driving like that，hell end_up_dead.11rely on 依靠，依赖；信任高考原句2020江苏卷 Then，on two separate morning visits to the scientists lab，each man walked for an hour at an average speed that，in theory should allow his body to rely mainly on fat for fuel.rely on sb.to d
42、o sth.指望/相信某人做某事rely on (doing) sth.依赖/信任/指望(做)某事rely on it that.相信；指望rely on his finishing the work today 信赖他今天能完工rely on the weather being fine指望会碰上好天气rely on our children to do such work 放心地让孩子们去做这样的工作基础练习单句语法填空We rely heavily on computers to_organize (organize) our work.Many people now would rel
43、y on surfing (surf) the Internet rather than reading newspaper for news.链接写作一句多译你可以相信工作会提前完成的。You_may_believe that the work will be finished ahead of time.(believe)You_may_rely_on_it that the work will be finished ahead of time.(rely)You_may_depend_on_it that the work will be finished ahead of time.
44、(depend)联想发散在rely on it that.结构中，it作形式宾语，that引导的从句作真正宾语。用于此结构的动词(短语)还有love，like，appreciate，hate，depend on，see to等。12(教材P2) I dont_think I can ever truly forgive her.我认为我永远不会真正地原谅她。句型公式句中dont think采用了否定转移结构。否定转移是指把对宾语从句的否定转移到主句谓语动词上，需要注意的是：(1)主句谓语是一般现在时(2)谓语动词应是think，believe，suppose，guess，imagine等金句推
45、送I dont think it is right for all of us to ignore our behavior in public places.我认为我们不应该忽视我们在公共场所的行为。基础练习单句语法填空I dont suppose that the man can finish the work on time，can he?He doesnt think it will rain，does he?链接写作完成句子我们认为你根本不明白我们在说什么。We_dont_suppose/think_you_understand in the least what were sayi
46、ng.我认为那不是真的，是吗？I dont believe that it is true，is_it?13(教材P3) Yesterday，I saw him talking to another boy，Peter，and I cannot help wondering if he wants Peter to be his best friend instead of me.昨天，我看见他和另一个男孩彼得说话，我忍不住想他是不是想让彼得取代我做他最好的朋友。句型公式句中cannot (cant) help doing sth.意为“忍不住做某事，不禁做某事 ” 。cant help do
47、ing.情不自禁做，忍不住做cant help but do.忍不住做；不得不做cant help (to) do.不能帮忙做help oneself to.自用/自取所需食物等金句推送(2019全国卷) On our way to the house，it was raining so hard that we couldnt help wondering how long it would take to get there.在我们回家的路上，雨下得很大，我们禁不住想知道要多久才能到达那里。基础练习单句语法填空I cant help (to)_clean(clean) the room，b
48、ecause I have to do my homework.I think everybody cant help laughing(laugh) if they see it.链接写作完成句子看着长城，你会情不自禁地想知道那么多年前它是怎样修建的。Looking at the Great Wall，you cant_help_wondering/but_wonder how it was built so many years ago.夯基固本基础强化.用所给词的正确形式填空。1To be honest，it was Sus fault but Li was also to_blame_
49、(blame)2I cant help (to)_organize (organize) the party，because I am busy with my paper.3From the looks on their faces，I believed that they had had an argument (argue)4He decided to help me but I pretended to_have_finished(finish) my job already.5I must make an apology(apologize) to him for not being
50、 able to attend his party.6He often pretends to_be_working (work) when actually he is just wasting time online.7I cant help laughing(laugh) every time I think of the incident.8Having been caught on the spot，the man had to admitted having_stolen (steal) money from the girl.9The students listened to t
51、he teacher carefully with their eyes focused (focus) on the blackboard.10These comments came in response (respond) to specific questions often asked by local newsmen.在空白处填入一个适当的词。1Learn to rely on yourself first，then others.2You should make an apology to her for your hurting her.3Dont always blame y
52、our own failure on others.4Hell end up in prison if he continues to steal.5A smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in a world of strangers.在下列句子中找出一处错误并改正。1Whenever I look at her，I cant help think of my cousin.thinkthinking2He lay in the darkness，pretended to sleep.pret
53、endedpretending3You may rely on that she will apologize to you.在that前加it4Surround yourself with positive people and you will keep focusing on what you can do instead of what you cant.focusingfocused5He was admitted Harvard University，which was just what his parents expected.在admitted后加to/into6We tri
54、ed many ways to argue him into follow our advice，but in vain.followfollowing查缺补漏知识拾遗.用所给词的正确形式填空。1I think my uncles death was a merciful(mercy) release for my poor aunt.2The media often make remarks (remark) on the private life of popular stars.3To my amusement(amuse)he couldnt get the door open.4I
55、sincerely (sincere) express my regret again about the inconvenience caused by us.5She tried to seem angry，but she betrayed (betray) herself by smiling.6I truly (true) hope that you can take my suggestions into full consideration.7This is a carefully organized(organize) campaign.8Angie and the other
56、girls were eager to_see(see) what kind of wild jump Janie would attempt.9The governments are very cautious(caution) of setting a new policy and make no decision until they are quite sure it is the right one.10Around the world，people have different ideas about what “good” table manners(manner) are.在空
57、白处填入一个适当的词。1It was thanks to your timely help that we accomplished the task on time.2I shall never forgive myself for failing to help you when you were in danger.3Regardless of being badly hurt，the old lady looked up at Tenyson with love in her eyes and gave him a little smile.4The manager had mercy
58、 on the children dressed in rags and gave them some food.5Regardless of what his parents think，he is leaving home for a new job in Shenzhen.6Believe it or not，your attitude to/towards money is more important than how much you have.强技提能语言应用.语法填空短文中黑体部分为本单元核心知识点，请按要求补全短文，并背诵该短文。With the improvement of
59、 living standard，more and more Chinese are going abroad 1.eagerly(eager) to experience foreign culture.However，some of them focus too much 2.on themselves and forget to follow the local customs，which has had a bad effect on our countrys image.As for this phenomenon，some argue 3.for severe punishment
60、 against those people.They should 4.be_blamed(blame) for what they have done.Once they admitted 5.having_done(do) wrong，they should first make an 6.apology(apologize) in public and then accept punishment.Some think that we should rely on the guides 7.to_prevent(prevent) these bad behaviors.Some guid
61、es who ignore to remind the tourists of the local customs should also be punished.They should respond in time to stop the tourists bad 8.manners(manner)If 9.so，some bad behaviors can be prevented.You must mind your own behaviors while 10.travelling(travel) abroad，and remember to prevent the uncivili
62、zed behaviors you meet.书面表达Step 1.要点提示(黑体字部分要使用本单元所学词汇)汤姆说话不算数。他和同学相处得不好。Tom didnt keep_his_word.He couldnt get along well with his classmates.当他犯了错误或与别人争吵时，他总是责备他人，并且从不道歉。When he made a mistake or quarrelled with someone else，he always blamed_others and never apologized_to_them.汤姆很是苦恼。马克决定帮助他，多次和汤姆
63、面对面交谈。Tom felt very upset.Mark was_determined to help him and talked to him face_to_face many times.同学们渐渐地原谅了他。Little by little，his classmates forgave_him.现在汤姆交了很多朋友。朋友们也信任他。Now Tom has made many friends.They rely_on_him as well.懂得如何与他人相处和保持友谊是一门艺术。Its an art to know how_to_get_on_with_others and ke
64、ep friendship.Step 2.表达升级(改变所给句子的结构以使表达升级)(1)利用and this was why升级1中的句Tom_didnt_keep_his_word_and_this_was_why_he_couldnt_get_along_well_with_his_classmates.(2)利用连词so和现在分词短语作状语升级1中的句Tom_felt_very_upset，so_Mark_was_determined_to_help_him，talking_to_him_ face_to_face_many_times.(3)利用who引导定语从句升级1中的句Now_
65、Tom_has_made_many_friends_who_rely_on_him_as_well.Step 3.衔接成文(利用恰当的过渡衔接词语连句成篇)In the past，Tom didnt keep his word and this was why he couldnt get along well with his classmates.When he made a mistake or quarrelled with someone else，he always blamed others and never apologized to them.Just because of this，Tom felt very upset，so Mark was determined to help him，talking to him face to face many times.Little by little，his classmates forgave him.Now Tom has made many friends who rely on him as well.As far as I know，its an art to know how to get on with others and keep friendship.