1、Section Grammar and usage.单词拼写根据汉语或首字母提示，写出下列单词1The water gets quite shallow(浅的) towards the shore.2Write it on a diary or write it as a blog(博客)3Waterfalls are from very early times a favourite theme for the painter.拓展词汇根据词性和汉语提示，写出下列单词1shallow adj.肤浅的，浅薄的；浅的shallowly adv.肤浅地，浅薄地2blog n博客，网志blogger
2、 n开博客的人.补全短语根据提示补全下列短语1count on依赖，依靠，指望2eat away at 腐蚀，侵蚀；逐渐破坏3come between. and. 损害之间的关系，离间4in person 亲自，亲身5high point 最有意思(或最令人愉快、最好)的部分6through thick and thin 不顾艰难险阻，同甘共苦.选词填空选用上述短语的适当形式填空1Hate can eat away at your soul.2I know of at least two people who can be counted on to support us.3You shoul
3、dnt let your parents come between you and your girlfriend.4Jack stayed in college through thick and thin，because he wanted an education.5I cant attend the meeting in person，but I am sending someone to speak for me. count on依赖，依靠，指望(教材P34)A real friend is someone whose support we can count on.真正的朋友是我
4、们可以信赖的人。count up 计算，算出总数count in 把计算在内，把作为参加者算进去count out 不把考虑或计算在内Count up to ten before you open your eyes.你数十个数再睁开眼睛。You can count on my support.你可以信赖我的支持。If youre having a party，count me in如果你们举行聚会的话，算我一个。 eat away at腐蚀，侵蚀；逐渐破坏(教材P34)Yet these days，the modern tools that keep us connected are eat
5、ing away at the meaning of friendship.然而如今，让我们保持联系的现代通信工具正在逐渐破坏友谊的真谛。eat away连续不断地吃eat up 吃光；耗尽；吞没；使苦恼eat in 在家吃饭；在学校就餐eat out 在外吃饭，下馆子Eat away，children; you are welcome to all you want.吃吧，孩子们，尽情地吃吧。Tom was really hungry and ate up everything served.汤姆确实饿坏了，把端到桌上的东西吃得精光。I dont mind eating in if you
6、do the cooking.如果你烧饭的话，我不反对在家吃饭。The sea has been eating away at this cliff for centuries.千百年来海水一直在侵蚀着这悬崖峭壁。 in person亲自，亲身(教材P34)To make friends a real part of our lives，we should put down our smartphones and meet them in person.为了让朋友成为我们生活中真实的一部分，我们应该放下手机和他们亲自见面。in the person of 以的身份；代表be ones own
7、person 做自己喜欢的事；保持自己的喜好He is in the person of his father for the banquet. 他以他父亲的名义赴宴。Being your own person releases your creativity. 保持自己的本色才有助于发挥自身创造力。The winner will be there in person to collect the prize. 奖金获得者须本人来领取。由关系代词引导的限制性定语从句语 境 自 主 领 悟先观察原句后自主感悟1.Do you know the man that/who is waiting ou
8、tside.2.He showed me the photos (that/which) he took on his trip to Xian.3.Simon is the poor man whose car has been stolen.4.I like the way (that/in which) she smiles.5.The trees that/which are behind the office building have lost their leaves.1.例句1中的黑体词在定语从句中作主语，不可省略。2.例句2中的黑体词在定语从句中作宾语，可以省略。3.例句3中
9、的黑体词在定语从句中作定语。4.例句4中的黑体词在定语从句中作状语。5.例句5中的黑体词在定语从句中作主语。 一、限制性定语从句概述在复合句中作定语，修饰主句或主句中某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。定语从句由“先行词关系词从句”构成。限制性定语从句是定语从句的分支之一。限制性定语从句表现为在意义上是先行词不可缺少的定语，若省略，所修饰主句的内容就不完整或失去意义，和主句的关系十分密切，不可用逗号分开。先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词；关系词是引导定语从句的词，并代替先行词在从句中作一定的句子成分。引导定语从句的关系代词有which，that，who，whom，whose，as等。The wo
10、man who is standing by the classroom is our English teacher.站在教室旁边的那位女士是我们的英语老师。二、定语从句的先行词先行词是定语从句修饰和限定的成分，从构成上而言，它可以是名词、代词、名词性短语和整个主句；从句子成分上而言，它可以是主句的主语、宾语、表语、补语和整个主句。下面，我们从两个实例来看一下定语从句及其相关成分的分布：即时训练1找出下列句中的定语从句的先行词Is this the book which your father bought for you？the bookWho is the man that is spe
11、aking to your mother？the manThey rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.the manSome people who are successful language learners often fail in other fields.Some people三、关系代词的用法1that的用法that既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语，而且作宾语时常可省略。This is the bookI want to read itThis is the book (that)I wa
12、nt to read这就是我想读的那本书。(that指代the book，在定语从句中充当宾语)即时训练2使用定语从句合并句子，并说出关系词that在从句中作什么成分This is the house.Lu Xun once lived in the house.This is the house that Lu Xun once lived in(that在定语从句中作宾语)Jack is no longer a lazy boy.He used to be a lazy boy.Jack is no longer a lazy boy that he used to be(that在定语从
13、句中作表语)The boy is Tom.The boy is studying in the classroom.The boy that is studying in the classroom is Tom.(that在定语从句中作主语)2which的用法which一般指物，在定语从句中作主语、宾语，偶尔作定语。My favorite place is KunmingKunming is known as the Spring CityMy favorite place is Kunming which is known as the Spring City我最喜欢的地方是昆明，它以“春
14、城”而闻名。(which指代Kunming，在定语从句中充当主语)即时训练3 单句语法填空Id skipped nearby Guilin，a dream place for tourists seeking the limestone mountain tops and dark waters of the Li River that/which are pictured by artists in so many Chinese paintings.Maybe you have a habit that/which is driving your family crazy.Finally
15、he reached a lonely island that/which was completely cut off from the outside world.3who的用法who指人，在定语从句中通常作主语或宾语，作宾语时可省略。The tall man is Yao MingYao Ming is playing basketballThe tall man who is playing basketball is Yao Ming正在打篮球的那个很高的人是姚明。(who指代Yao Ming，在定语从句中充当主语)即时训练4说出下面句子中who作什么成分Dickson is an
16、able worker who we all value highly.宾语The boy who is standing there is my cousin.主语4whom的用法whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语，常可省略。This is the girlI met the girl in the streetThis is the girl whom I met in the street这是我在街上遇到的那个女孩。(whom指代the girl，在定语从句中充当宾语)即时训练5 翻译句子大家都喜欢的这位男士很善良。The man whom everyone likes is kind.杰
17、克不再是五年前我见到的杰克了。Jack is no longer the person(that/who/whom)I met five years ago.5whose的用法whose既可指人也可指物，在定语从句中作定语，指人时，相当于of whom；指物时，相当于of which。I have read the bookI like its characters very muchI have read the book whose characters I like very much我已经读了这本书，我很喜欢它里面的人物。(whose指代先行词the book，在定语从句中充当定语)即
18、时训练6用定语从句合并句子She has a brother.I dont know his name.She has a brother whose name I dont knowDont stand close to the house.Its roof is under repair.Dont stand close to the house whose roof is under repair6关系代词that与which的区别情况用that还是which先行词是不定代词或被不定代词修饰that先行词是序数词、形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰that先行词前有the very
19、，the only等修饰that先行词既指人也指物that先行词前有疑问代词which时thatthere be句型中，句子的主语是先行词而且又是指物的名词that句中已经出现过that或which交替使用先行词为主句的表语或关系代词在从句中作表语that关系代词前面有介词which关系代词后面带有插入语which即时训练7选词填空：which，thatThe scientist and his achievements that you told me about are admired by us all.Here is the book about which I told you ye
20、sterday.This is the best way that is to be used against pollution.四、关系代词的省略关系代词在从句中作宾语时，通常可以省略。The man(whom/who)you saw just now is our manager.你刚才见到的那个人是我们的经理。Is there anything(that)I can do for you?有什么我能为你效劳的吗？即时训练8请用正确的关系代词填空并用括号标出可以省略的关系代词This is the most interesting story (that) I have ever rea
21、d.This is the person whose story surprised everybody.He often helps the students who he thinks are not quick at their study.Who was the woman (that) you were talking with?.单句语法填空1Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school that/who/whom I met in the English speech contest last
22、year.2In China，the number of cities is increasing whose development is recognized across the world.3The girl handed everything that she had picked up in the street to the police.4In the end，she decided to sell the house whose windows were almost all broken.5This is the best book that I have been loo
23、king for all this year.6Do you still remember the chicken farm that/which we visited three months ago?7Doing voluntary work is a good way to enrich students knowledge that/which is usually unable to be acquired from textbooks.8When people talk about the cities of China，the first that comes into thei
24、r mind is Beijing.9He will never forget the day that/which he spent with his students.10The Nobel Peace Prize is given to such people as have made great contributions to maintaining global peace and stability.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)1We visited a village where has a long history.wherewhich/that2Well remember all what she said at the meeting.去掉all/what或whatthat3I like the people and places which I visited in England.whichthat4The book you borrowed it from me is Toms.去掉it5I who is your friend will share everything with you.isam