1、(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高.阅读词汇读懂默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。1.sheet n2.region n3.material n.4.branch n. 5.frost n. 6.dynasty n.7.mineral n. 8.barrier n. 9.basin n. 10.thunder v. 11.channel n. 12.camel n.13.rent v.自主核对区1一大片2.地区，区域3.材料4.树枝5.霜6.朝代7矿物，矿产8.障碍，壁垒9.盆地，低洼地10打雷11.海峡12.骆驼13.租用，租借.核心词汇练通辨词义写词形1theref
2、ore adv.因此，所以2publish v. 出版3living adj. 活的，活着的4inside adv. 在内5expert n. 专家；行家 adj. 熟练的；经验或知识丰富的 6soil n. 土壤7crop n. 庄稼，作物8valley n. 山谷9sail v. 航行10pleasant adj. 令人愉快的11agriculture n. 农业入语境重活用1(2020天津卷7月)Loneliness is a serious social problem that can contribute to depression and even crimes, but it
3、can be prevented(防止) in a clever way.2(2020江苏卷)The health security systems(系统) of many countries are undergoing considerable transformation. 3(2018北京卷)If we dont stop climate(气候) change, many animals and plants in the world will be gone.4(浙江卷)We had to keep track of our belongings, and if something
4、was lost, it was not replaced(取代)5Judging from the story, it is only shallow(浅薄的) people who judge a person by his appearance.拓展词汇用活1design n设计，构思；图案 vt.设计，计划，构思designer n设计者2harm n& v损害，危害harmful adj.有害的反义词harmless adj.无害的3narrow adj.狭窄的 v(使)变窄narrowly adv.勉强地4desert n沙漠；荒原 v抛弃，遗弃deserted adj.无人居住的
5、；被遗弃的5limited adj.有限的limit vt.限制；限定 n界限；限度limitation n界限；限制6benefit n利益，好处 vt.& vi.有益于，有助于；受益beneficial adj.有益的7energy n能量energetic adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的；积极的,语境活用用所给词的适当形式填空1(2019全国卷)For Western designers(design)，China and its rich culture have long been an inspiration for Western creative.2(2018北京卷满分作文)I
6、 told them that drinking tea is beneficial(benefit) to our health and encouraged them to learn how to make tea.3The natural resources we have are limited. Therefore we have no reason to waste the precious resources without limit/limitation.(limit)4Eating too much every day is harmful to our health；t
7、hat is to say，eating too much every day does harm to our health.(harm)5To keep energetic, he set aside two hours a day to take exercise. Thats why he is always full of energy(energy)(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高单元短语再现1go to trouble to do sth.费尽周折做某事；不辞辛苦2in harmony with. 与一致3pass down 传递，传下来4become/be popul
8、ar with sb. 受某人欢迎5care for 照顾，关心；喜欢6be at one with 完全一致；是的一部分7in doubt 存在疑问；怀疑8reflect on 仔细考虑；思考9come onto the market 上市10have an effect on. 对有影响语境活用选用左栏短语填空1(2019全国卷)They also shared with us many traditional stories about Hawaii that were hugely popular with tourists.2(四川卷)The mother continued to
9、care for the young panda for more than two years. By that time，the panda no longer needed its mother for food.3With better education, people will be able to build a better society in harmony with nature.4If you are in doubt, dont hesitate to ask me.会积累(日积月累，联想发散)1.常见的连接性副词汇总therefore因此，所以，因而thus 因此，
10、因而furthermore 此外，而且consequently 因此，所以moreover 而且，此外nevertheless 不过；仍然2.地形类型汇总basin盆地plateau 高原hill 丘陵mountains 山地plain 平原3.“熟练”归纳expert adj. 熟练的；内行的skillful adj. 熟练的；灵巧的skilled adj. 熟练的；有技能的experienced adj. 熟练的；有经验的(三)重点句型仿写熟记公式，练原句，表达高背佳句明句型巧仿写Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growin
11、g rice.夏天，随着稻谷的生长，山峦变绿了。see宾语宾补1.(2020全国卷)他们制作了精美的礼物，你经常看到礼物装饰着红包和祝福好运的信息。They make great gifts and you see them many times decorated with red envelopes and messages of good fortune.But perhaps what is most significant is the way in which people have worked in harmony with nature to make these terra
12、ces and grow rice.但也许最重要的是人们与自然和谐相处来建造这些梯田和种植水稻的方式。the way (in which/that) 定语从句2.(2019浙江卷6月)然而，挂断电话后，她后悔自己处理电话的方式。However, when she hung up, she regretted the way (that/in which) she had handled the call.makes it difficult for us to grow enough vegetables and fruit. 使我们很难种植足够的蔬菜和水果。it作形式宾语3.(北京卷改编)铅
13、中毒使秃鹰很难产下雏鸟。Lead poisoning makes it difficult for condors to produce baby birds.And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world around them.虽然许多英国人最喜欢的莫过于在周日割草，但有些人却很高兴
14、坐在树下欣赏周围世界的美景。“否定词比较级”表示最高级含义4.我从未读过比这更有趣的书。 Never have I read a more interesting book than this one. preventv防止；阻挡先练会单句语法填空(2020天津卷7月)It prevents people who are cut off from society falling(fall) victim to cheaters.The purpose of the scientists experiment is to prevent the birds from being killed(k
15、ill)The quick action of the firemen kept the building from being burned down.再写美句型转换We prevented him coming to our birthday party.He was prevented from coming to our birthday party. (被动句)(1)阻止某人做某事(2)keep sb. doing sth. 让某人做某事 佳句背诵 It is high time for us to take measures to prevent the earth from ge
16、tting warm. 该是我们采取措施来阻止全球变暖的时候了。名师点津 prevent sb.(from) doing sth.stop sb.(from) doing sth.keep sb.from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”(在主动语态中，与stop/prevent搭配的from可以省略；在被动语态中from均不可省略。) harmonyn融洽相处，和谐；协调先练会单句语法填空Therefore, show your love and care, and our society will be more beautiful and more harmonious(har
17、mony)Humor helps us live in harmony with others.再写美微写作至于那首音乐，小提琴与其他乐器不协调。As with the music, the violin was out of harmony with the rest of the instruments.(1)in harmony with.与协调out of harmony with. 与不协调(2)harmonious adj. 和谐的；友好的 佳句背诵 To achieve this goal, we must have mutual confidence and live in h
18、armony with other countries.要实现这个目标，我们必须与各国相互信任，和睦相处。 designn设计，构思；图案；打算，意图v设计，构思；计划；制订先练会单句语法填空(2020浙江卷7月)When my mother saw my creations, she told me how creative my designs(design) were.The method is specifically designed for use in small groups.She is now concentrating on a career as a fashion d
19、esigner(design)再写美句式升级(普通表达)This project was designed to help the students in need.But it just didnt work out as planned.(高级表达)This project designed to help the students in need just didnt work out as planned.(分词作定语)(1)design sb. to do sth.打算让某人做某事be designed for/to do sth. 旨在；打算被用来做(2)by design 故意地
20、；蓄意地(3)designer n. 设计者 佳句背诵 This course is specially designed for beginners like you, focusing on listening and speaking practice.这门课程是专门为像你这样的初学者设计的，重点在于听说训练。联想发散 表示“故意与偶然”的词语小结：(1)故意地：by design；on purpose；deliberately(2)偶然地：by chance；by accident；accidentally harmn& v伤害；损害先练会单句语法填空There is no harm
21、in giving gifts to children，but they should not be rewards.It is believed that watching violence on TV is harmful(harm) to children.再写美一句多译众所周知，吃太多垃圾食品对你的健康有害。What is known to us is that eating too much junk food is harmful to your health(harmful adj.)It is known to us that eating too much junk food
22、 does harm to your health(harm n)(1)do/cause harm to sb.对某人造成伤害There is no harm in doing sth.做某事无害处。(2)harmful adj. 有害的，造成伤害的be harmful to. 对有害 佳句背诵 At present, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, doing serious harm to life and the environment.目前，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了极大的危害。 replac
23、ev替换；代替；把放回原处先练会单句语法填空/ 猜测加黑词的含义As far as Im concerned，it is not a good idea to miss meals and replace them with/by snacks.She replaced the books after reading and fell asleep. 把放回原处再写美一句多译找一个人来代替现在的经理是不容易的。It would be difficult to find a man in place of the present managerIt would be difficult to f
24、ind a man to replace the present managerIt would be difficult to find a man to take the place of the present manager(1)replace sth. with/by sth.用替换(2)take the place oftake ones place 代替(3)in place of 代替 佳句背诵 Computers have replaced humans in many fields, making our work much easier and more efficien
25、t.在很多领域电脑已经代替了人类，使得我们的工作更容易和更高效。名师点津 (1)in place of是介词短语，不单独作谓语；(2)replace、take ones place 和take the place of 是动词(短语)，可作谓语。 expertn专家；内行adj.专家的；内行的先练会单句语法填空You are an expert in British drama, so could you choose one for us please?The leading actor has talent indeed. He is expert at conveying(convey)
26、 his roles fine feeling.再写美一句多译你在教孩子方面很有经验，你能教我吗？You are expert at teaching children, so can you teach me? (expert)You are experienced at teaching children, so can you teach me? (experience)You are skilled at teaching children, so can you teach me? (skill)You are good at teaching children, so can yo
27、u teach me? (good)(1)an expert in/on/at (doing).方面的专家(2) (做)某事在行 佳句背诵 In our office, Jim is absolutely an expert in computers, and he always solves the complex problems in a few minutes. 在我们办公室，吉姆在计算机方面绝对是专家，他总是能在几分钟内把复杂的问题解决。 limitedadj.有限的先练会单句语法填空Set a limit to the number of tasks you take on eac
28、h day and stick to it.(2019江苏卷)Misjudgments on the influences of new technology can lead to a waste of limited(limit) resources.We must limit our expense to what we can afford.再写美一句多译他的英语水平非常有限以至于不能理解以英语为母语的人说的话。His English is so limited that he cant understand what the native speakers say.So limite
29、d is his English that he cant understand what the native speakers say.(so倒装句型)(1)limit n界限；限度vt. 限制；限定set a limit to. 限制beyond the limit 超过限度within the limits of. 限定在范围内There is a/no limit to. 是有限的/无限的(2)limit.to. 把限定在范围内(3)limitless adj. 无限的 佳句背诵 A mans life is limited, but there is no limit to ser
30、ving the people. I will devote my limited life to the limitless job of serving the people.一个人的生命是有限的，可是，为人民服务是无限的。我要把我有限的生命投入到为人民服务的无限的工作中去。 benefitn好处，益处vt.& vi.有益于，有助于；受益先练会单句语法填空(2019北京卷)The students benefitting(benefit) most from college are those who are totally engaged(参与) in academic life, ta
31、king full advantage of the colleges chances and resources(资源). As we all know, books are the source of knowledge, from which I benefit a lot.再写美一句多译新规定对所有学生都有好处。The new regulation will be of benefit to all the students(be of benefit)The new regulation will be beneficial to all the students(beneficia
32、l)All the students will benefit from the new regulation.(benefit from)The new regulation will benefit all the students(benefit vt.)(1)benefit from/by.从中受益(2)be of benefit to. 对有益for ones benefit (for the benefit of sb.) 为了某人的利益(3)beneficial adj. 有益的be beneficial to. 对有益 佳句背诵 I treasure this as a goo
33、d chance and it is of benefit to me in many ways. 我很珍惜这次机会，这对我有很多好处。 (2018浙江卷6月满分作文)名师点津 benefit作为及物动词，其宾语是“受益者”，而不是所受的“益处”。要表示“受益于某事(物)”，习惯上用benefit by/from sth.。 see宾语宾补(教材原句)Summer sees the mountains turn bright green with growing rice. 夏天，随着稻谷的生长，山峦变绿了。先练会单句语法填空(2018北京卷)As I approached mile 23,
34、I could see my wife waving(wave) a sign. She is my biggest fan.If you watch long enough, you will see many problems settled(settle) in this way.再写美微写作/句型转换当我走进教室时，我看见他在埋头读书。When I walked into the classroom, I saw him buried in reading. Somebody saw him leave a few minutes ago.He was seen to leave a
35、few minutes ago. (被动句),“see宾语宾补”结构，有类似用法的动词还有feel、 hear、 observe、 notice、 watch等。(1)“see sb. do sth.”意为“看见某人做了某事”强调动作的全过程(在变为被动语态时，see sb. do sth.应改为sb. be seen to do sth.)。(2)“see sb. doing sth.”意为“看见某人正在做某事”强调动作正在进行。(3)“see sth. done”意为“看见某事被做”强调动作的被动和完成。 佳句背诵 As we were lifted into the air, we sa
36、w the stubborn bear stop attacking and run away. 当我们上升到空中时，看到那只倔强的熊停止了攻击，然后跑开了。(2020浙江卷7月读后续写)“否定词比较级”表示最高级含义(教材原句)And while many Brits like nothing better than spending their Sunday cutting the grass, some are happy just to sit under the branches of the trees and enjoy the beauty of the world aroun
37、d them. 虽然许多英国人最喜欢的莫过于在周日割草，但有些人却很高兴坐在树下欣赏周围世界的美景。先练会单句语法填空/补全句子So many people gave me a willing hand when I was in trouble, and it was not until then that I realized nobody was happier(happy) than I was.When talking with the elderly，you cant be too polite/polite enough(再礼貌也不为过)再写美一句多译在他看来，在空闲时间阅读原著
38、最有趣。In his view, nothing is more enjoyable than reading books in the original in his spare time.(否定词比较级)From his point of view, reading books in the original is the most enjoyable thing in his spare time.表示最高级含义的特殊结构：(1)“否定词比较级”意为“没有比更；没有像一样”，常用的否定词有no、not、never、nothing、nobody、hardly等。(2)can/couldne
39、ver/not. 佳句背诵 (1)The book is very interesting. I have never read a more interesting one.这本书很有趣。我从没读过比这本更有趣的书。(2)As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by the teacher before classmates.作为一个学生，我可以告诉你，没有什么比在同学面前被老师表扬更好的了。提能训练一阅读理解障碍词.语境辨义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(2020新高考山东卷
40、)On the same sheet of paper, write or type your name, address, telephone number, and birth date. n.一张2(2020全国卷)The beautiful long branches covered with pinkcolored buds(蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations. n.树枝3(2020天津卷7月)Jones idea has been fully realizedthe “HAPPY TO CHAT” benches help break down the i
41、nvisible social barrier that keeps people from saying hello. n.障碍.熟词生义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(2020天津卷7月)Once the book youve requested is delivered to the nearest branch, they will inform you by email. n.分店；分部2(2018江苏卷)Nowadays, most commodities or services are rated through certain channels. n.渠道3Her breat
42、hing was very shallow.adj.(呼吸)浅的；弱的4She replaced the caps on the bottles.v.把放回原处 .一词多义1. 根据语境选出branch的词性及含义An.树枝Bn.分支；分部Cn.支流；支路(1)(浙江卷) I dont become a serious climber until the fifth grade, when I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tree. A (2)The company located its branc
43、h office in the suburbs. B (3) We all know that the Xiangjiang River is a branch of the Changjiang River. C 2. 根据语境选出channel的词性及含义An.海峡Bn.渠道；途径Cn.方法；手段Dn.频道(1)The newsletter is a useful channel of communication between teacher and students. B (2)The campaign provided a channel for protest against th
44、e war. C (3)More than 5，000 ships crossed the English Channel, carrying 130，000 troops to the French coast.A (4)You can change channel if you dont like this programme. D 3. 根据语境选出expert的词性及含义(1)Many experts of education have concerned about what early childhood education means today. A (2)At a speci
45、al swimming pool in Los Angeles, children become expert at holding their breath under water even before they can walk. B 4. 根据语境选出narrow的词性及含义Aadj.狭窄的；窄小的Badj.勉强的；刚刚好的Cadj.狭隘的；目光短浅的Dv.变窄；缩小(1)The gap between the two teams has narrowed to three points. D (2)There was only a narrow gap between the bed
46、 and the wall. A (3)He had a narrow escape when his car skidded on the ice. B (4)She has a very narrow view of the world so we dont have to agree with her. C 5. 根据语境选出desert的词性及含义An.沙漠Bv.抛弃；遗弃Cv.逃走；开小差Dv.背离；使失望(1)Her courage seemed to desert her for a moment. D (2)Large numbers of soldiers deserted
47、as defeat became inevitable. C (3)(湖南卷)The wild flowers looked like a soft orange blanket covering the desert. A (4)Poor farmers are deserting their parched farm fields and coming here looking for jobs. B 提能训练二话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)1补全要点句千百年来人们费尽周折地向大自然索取各种物质。(go to trouble to do., material)For thous
48、ands of years, people have gone to trouble to obtain various materials from nature.这种向大自然索取的方式对大自然产生了负面影响，使得地球上有限的矿物质越来越少。(the way 从句， have an effect on, limited, mineral)The way that we take from nature has a negative effect on it, making the earths limited minerals less and less它破坏了土壤，使千万顷良田变成了沙漠。
49、(harm, soil, desert)It has harmed the soil and turned thousands of hectares of good farmland into a desert它成了农业发展的严重障碍，降低了作物产量。(barrier, agriculture, crop)It has become a serious barrier to agricultural development, reducing crop yields针对这种情况，无数有良知的人心里存有疑问：人类究竟要到何处去？(in doubt)In view of this situati
50、on, countless people with conscience are in doubt: Where is mankind going?到了我们应该反思自身行为，与大自然和谐相处的时候了。(reflect on, in harmony with)Its time for us to reflect on our behavior and live in harmony with nature没有什么比采取具体行动更重要的了。(否定词比较级)Nothing is more important than taking concrete action.2升级平淡句将句改为含有现在分词短语
51、作结果状语的句子It has harmed the soil, turning thousands of hectares of good farmland into a desert.将句和句连结构成并列句It has harmed the soil, turning thousands of hectares of good farmland into a desert and it has become a serious barrier to agricultural development, reducing crop yields.将句和句用原因状语从句连接起来Its time f
52、or us to reflect on our behavior and live in harmony with nature, because nothing is more important than taking concrete action.3衔接成美文(注意使用适当的过渡衔接词汇：as a result) One possible version：For thousands of years, people have gone to trouble to obtain various materials from nature. The way that we take fro
53、m nature has a negative effect on it, making the earths limited minerals less and less. As a result, it has harmed the soil, turning thousands of hectares of good farmland into a desert and it has become a serious barrier to agricultural development, reducing crop yields. In view of this situation,
54、countless people with conscience are in doubt: Where is mankind going? Its time for us to reflect on our behavior and live in harmony with nature, because nothing is more important than taking concrete action.提能训练三读后续写6“人与社会”篇之完美结尾赞扬“自己身处窘境，仍然帮助别人”的美好品格 1(全国卷)我们给予是因为我们需要给予而不是因为富余而给予，这才是我们需要做的！Giving
55、 from our need instead of our abundance is just what we need to do!2(全国卷)挺身而出不仅帮助了一个需要帮助的兄弟，也让我的孩子们尝到了帮助别人的美好滋味。Stepping out not only helped a brother in need, but it also gave my kids the sweet taste of helping othersA卷小题夯基练.语境填词1In our daily life, stress and lack of energy(活力) usually lead to fail
56、ure.2It is said that Yoga is very beneficial(有益的) to human health.3My parents have limited(限制) my expense every week to 50 yuan.4The final score of the basketball match was 9394.We were only narrowly(勉强地) beaten.5However, scientific research shows that smoking is not only harmful(有害的) to smokers the
57、mselves, but also a threat to public health, especially to women and children.6The Sagrada Famlia was designed(设计) by an architect called Antonio Gaudi.7Not only are pleasant(愉快的) mealtimes enjoyable, but they also aid digestion.8Some 140 kinds of birds live in the valley(山谷), as well as a number of
58、 endangered plants and animals, including the giant panda.9He put his plan into practice and the results were published(出版) in China in 1966.10Mr. Smith is ill. And therefore(所以) this department is in the command of his assistant.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1If there is something harmful(harm) in the a
59、ir, tears protect your eyes by covering them.2(江苏卷)The total rise in agricultural(agriculture) incomes in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones.3The nationalists were narrowly(narrow) beaten in the local election.4(2019北京卷)Phone carriers and consumers(consume) need to work together to
60、 find ways of determining and communicating what is real.5Ann found many deserted(desert) things after her roommate left, two photos included.6(2020江苏卷)Humor can make one energetic(energy) in his work, study, and life.7(全国卷)I turned around and saw a pleasant(please) woman with a big smile on her fac
61、e waving to wish me a safe trip.8(2020江苏卷)For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial(benefit) for health than eating first. .固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1Suddenly, I felt someone moving(move) my luggage. I opened my eyes and looked up.2More and more studen
62、ts are benefitting from/by modern education.3Although there is no limit to the amount of money you can bring into Britain, dont carry large sums of money with you.4There is no harm in accepting guidance from others if it is meant for the improvement of life.5They have possibly recognized the possibi
63、lity and its possible for them to take steps to prevent it happening(happen)6It is said that the early European playing cards were designed for entertainment and education.7Are you satisfied with the result of the exam?Not at all. I cant have a worse(bad) one.8A virtuoso(演奏家) is one who is expert in
64、 playing(play) a musical instrument.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1政府不得不关闭一些小工厂阻止河水被污染。The government has to close those small factories to prevent the water of the river being polluted. 2设计这个学习课程是为想出国的人提供帮助的。This course of study is designed to help those who are wishing to go abroad.3(陕西卷)在非洲提供医疗服务两年后回国，李博士看到他的妈妈在
65、家受到了很好的照顾，他很高兴。Back from his twoyear medical service in Africa，Dr.Lee was very happy to see his mother taken good care of at home.4The new policy will benefit everyone concerned.The new policy will be of benefit to everyone concerned.(benefit n)5在亚洲，没有任何国家比中国大。(1)In Asia no country is so large as Ch
66、ina.(原级)(2)In Asia no country is larger than China.(否定词比较级)(3)In Asia China is larger than any other country.(比较级)B卷大题提能练.阅读理解(2021广东化州一模)Nature is like a great magician, performing wonders on Earth. One of them is the Amazon rainforest, the worlds largest and home to millions of plants and animals.
67、 Nicknamed “the lungs of our planet”， it generates about onefifth of Earths oxygen. However, this wonderful natural wonder is currently in dange.Thousands of fires have broken out in Brazil, endangering much of the rainforest. These blazes have lasted several weeks and are believed to be the “most i
68、ntense” in almost a decade, according to BBC News.The Amazon has seen a large number of fires in 2019. Between January and August, there were over 74，000 fires the highest number since 2013, the BBC reported.Forest fires are common during the dry season, which runs from July to October. They are usu
69、ally caused by natural events, such as lightning strikes. However, most of the fires this year are believed to be caused by farmers, who use fire as a traditional part of tropical agriculture to clean land, reported CNN.The disaster has raised concern around the world. The Amazon rainforest is impor
70、tant for preventing climate change, said the BBC, absorbing millions of tons of carbon annually. When trees are cut down or burned, the rainforests capacity (能力) to absorb carbon is reduced.Brazilian climate expert Carlos Nobre told Reuters hes worried. If more than 20 percent of the ecosystem is de
71、stroyed, the Amazon rainforest could reach a “tipping point (临界点)” where the thick jungle will turn into a tropical savannah (大草原)Nobre warned that it is not far off, with between 15 and 17 percent of the rainforest having already been destroyed.The Brazilian government has sent soldiers to fight th
72、e fires. Many people have offered their support and called for recovery efforts. For example, Tim Cook, CEO of Apple, said he wanted to donate money and US Actor Leonardo DiCaprios environmental charity, Earth Alliance, created a donation fund to help deal with the crisis.The public are also encoura
73、ged to donate to charities concerned with rainforest preservation (保护)“Every little bit helps in a tragic situation like this，” commented Gizmodo.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。世界上最大的雨林亚马孙雨林，也是数百万动植物的家园，它被称为“地球的肺”。然而，这个奇妙的自然奇观目前正处于危险之中。1The underlined word “intense” in paragraph 2 probably means “ ”AnaturalBfierceC
74、common DunexpectedB解析：词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“These blazes have lasted several weeks”可知，这些大火持续了几周，时间过长，在这十年内，应该是 “最凶猛的”。故选B。2What is the main cause of forest fires in the Amazon rainforest this year?ALightning strikes.BHot weather.CAgricultural activities.DGarbage left by tourists.C解析：细节理解题。根据第四段中的“However, m
75、ost of the fires this year are believed to be caused by farmers, who use fire as a traditional part of tropical agriculture to clean land”可知，今年大部分火灾被认为是由农民引起的，他们把火作为热带农业的传统方法来清洁土地。故选C。3What was Nobre worried about in the article?AGlobal temperatures will rise.BThe Amazon rainforest is close to disap
76、pearing.CAnimals in the Amazon rainforest are under threat.DIt will take decades for the Amazon rainforest to recover.B解析：细节理解题。根据第六段“Brazilian climate expert Carlos Nobre told Reuters hes worried. If more than 20 percent of the ecosystem is destroyed, the Amazon rainforest could reach a tipping poi
77、nt (临界点) where the thick jungle will turn into a tropical savannah (大草原)”可知，卡洛斯诺布雷担心如果超过20%的生态系统被破坏，亚马孙雨林可能会达到一个“临界点”，茂密的丛林将变成热带大草原。所以他是担心雨林会消失，故选B。4What are the last two paragraphs mainly about?AWhat the Brazilian government has done to fight fires.BCelebrities who care about rainforest preservatio
78、n.CThe possible future of the Amazon rainforest.DEfforts made to save the Amazon rainforest.D解析：段落大意题。根据最后两段中描述政府和社会各界人士等所做的贡献可知，这些都是为了保护雨林做的努力。故选D。.七选五(2021浙江效实中学一模)“You totally missed out！” This sentence strikes fear in the hearts of teenagers more than almost anything else. In fact, missing out o
79、n something bothers most teenagers so much that there is even a special word for that sick feeling: FOMO. 1. FOMO, which was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013, refers to that anxious feeling people get when they realize they are not attending a social event.2 In fact, one survey found t
80、hat twothird of people in this age group admitted to experiencing FOMO regularly. If you ask teenagers whether they experience social media anxiety, most would answer no. But what they do not realize is that if they are stressed or worried about what they see online, then they are possibly experienc
81、ing FOMO, especially if they are online a lot.Then how to handle the problem of FOMO? Of course, turning off the technology seems like a natural cure for FOMO. 3. Teenagers may still worry that they are missing out, even if they are not on social media at all.The key is to turn off the technology an
82、d do something else like reading a book, giving a friend a makeup, baking cookiesanything that allows them to focus on something other than social media. 4. It is also important to encourage teenagers to recognize that they cannot possibly be everywhere and do everything. So, naturally, there will b
83、e parties or events that they cannot attend. 5. Photos can be deceiving (骗人的). And even though it looks as if their friends are having a good time, this may not be the case. They should never let the fact that they couldnt be somewhere affect their view of themselves.AFOMO has become an even bigger
84、problem.BFOMO is especially common to people aged 18 to 33.CIn simple terms, FOMO stands for “fear of missing out”DIt can be extremely helpful in changing their attitudes towards life.EBut this does not necessarily mean they are missing out on something.FBy doing this, teenagers are not glued to the
85、ir screens and are more active.GBut just switching the phone to “off” doesnt erase the feelings caused by FOMO.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了如今在18到33岁的人群中普遍存在着社交控，同时说明了该如何处理社交控的问题。1C解析：根据上文“In fact, missing out on something bothers most teenagers so much that there is even a special word for that sick feeli
86、ng: FOMO.(事实上，错过某些事情会让大多数青少年非常烦恼，甚至有一个专门的词来形容这种恶心的感觉：错失恐惧)”以及下文“FOMO, which was added to the Oxford English Dictionary in 2013, refers to that anxious feeling people get when they realize they are not attending a social event.(2013年，错失恐惧一词被收入牛津英语词典。错失恐惧指的是当人们意识到自己没有参加社交活动时产生的焦虑感。)”可知，本句应当承接上文解释“FOMO
87、”的意义，故C选项“简单来说，错失恐惧代表害怕错过。”符合上下文语境。故选C。2B解析：根据下文“In fact, one survey found that twothird of people in this age group admitted to experiencing FOMO regularly.(事实上，一项调查发现，这个年龄段中有三分之二的人承认有错失恐惧)”可推知，本句应当说明有错失恐惧的人群年龄段。故B选项“错失恐惧在18至33岁的人群中尤为普遍。”符合上下文语境。故选B。3G解析：根据下文“Teenagers may still worry that they are
88、 missing out, even if they are not on social media at all.(青少年可能仍然担心他们错过了什么，即使他们根本不在社交媒体上)”可知，就算是将手机关机也不能消除社交控，因为青少年仍然会担心他们错过了什么。故G选项“但仅仅把手机调成关机状态并不能消除错失恐惧带来的感觉。”符合上下文语境。故选G。4F解析：根据上文“The key is to turn off the technology and do something else like reading a book, giving a friend a makeup, baking co
89、okiesanything that allows them to focus on something other than social media.(关键是关掉科技产品，做点别的事情，比如读书、给朋友化妆、烤饼干任何能让他们专注于社交媒体以外的事情)”可知，是在说明消除错失恐惧的办法，本句承接上文进行总结。故F选项“这样做，青少年就不会只盯着屏幕，会变得更加活跃。”符合上下文语境。故选F。5E解析：根据下文“Photos can be deceiving (骗人的). And even though it looks as if their friends are having a go
90、od time, this may not be the case. They should never let the fact that they couldnt be somewhere affect their view of themselves.(照片可能具有欺骗性。尽管看起来他们的朋友玩得很开心，但事实可能并非如此。他们不应该让自己不能在某个地方的事实影响他们对自己的看法)”可知，即使青少年不能去参加聚会或活动也不代表他们就错过了什么。故E选项“但这并不一定意味着他们错过了什么。”符合上下文语境。故选E。.完形填空(2021山东师大附中模拟)My son was playing
91、with a bottle of bubbles. Dip the loop in the bottle, pull it out, and blow it to make bubbles. He understood the principle but was vainly 1 to blow bubbles. He would dip and dip and blow and blow, but alas, no 2 . He 3 me the bottle and loop and asked me, “Daddy, can you make bubbles？”I hadnt blown
92、 bubbles in years. I am a 4 by education, fairly welltrained in surfactant (活性剂) technology. However, all that knowledge is completely 5 . I was having no more 6 than my son. I dipped and puffed, 7 no bubbles.After several 8 attempts, I changed strategies. 9 puffing on the loop of soapy water, I jus
93、t gently breathed on it. My son 10 with delight as a big beautiful bubble formed and 11 away. I explained to him, “Son, you cant blow hard. You must ever so 12 breathe on the loop to make bubbles.” He 13 his urgent desire to make big bubbles by blowing hard and followed my advice. Big bubbles!There
94、are some things that you can get with 14 ， but other things only 15 from the gentleness of a soft breath.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了作者和儿子一起吹泡泡的故事，从中他们领悟到不是所有东西都是通过力量才能得到的道理。1AtryingBmanagingCexpecting DactingA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他理解原理，试着吹泡泡，却总失败。try意为“尝试”，manage意为“完成”，expect意为“预料”，act意为“行动”。根据关键词vainly可知，是试着去做。
95、故选A。2Achanges BbubblesCresults DdropsB解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：他蘸了又蘸，吹了又吹，但还是没有泡泡。change意为“变化”，bubble意为“泡泡”，result意为“结果”，drop意为“水珠”。根据上文“My son was playing with a bottle of bubbles.”可知，作者的儿子在吹泡泡，此处指没有吹出泡泡。故选B。3Alent BhandedCthrew DcastB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：他将瓶子和环状的泡泡棒递给我，问道：“爸爸，你能帮我吹泡泡吗？”lend意为“借出”，hand意为“递给”，throw
96、意为“扔”，cast意为“抛”。根据下文“.asked me, Daddy, can you make bubbles？”可知，是儿子将瓶子和环状的泡泡棒递给了作者。故选B。4Aresearcher BprofessionalCchemist DparentC解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我是一个受过教育的化学家，在活性剂技术方面受过良好的训练。researcher意为“研究员”，professional意为“专家”，chemist意为“化学家”，parent意为“父亲或母亲”。根据下文“fairly welltrained in surfactant (活性剂) technology”可知，
97、作者是一个化学家。故选C。5Aout of date Bof no useCin doubt Din troubleB解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：然而，所有的知识(对吹泡泡来说)完全没用。out of date意为“过时的”，of no use意为“无用”，in doubt意为“有疑问”，in trouble意为“有麻烦”。根据下文“I dipped and puffed, no bubbles.”可知，作者所学的化学知识对吹泡泡来说并没有什么用。故选B。6Atrial BconfidenceCpatience DsuccessD解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：我没有比我儿子更成功。trial
98、意为“试验”，confidence意为“自信”，patience意为“耐心”，success意为“成功”。根据下文“no bubbles”可知，作者没有吹出泡泡，没有比儿子更成功。故选D。7Aeven BthusCsomehow DstillD解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我蘸了(气泡水)，然后吹气，仍然没有泡泡。even意为“甚至”，thus意为“于是、因此”，somehow意为“以某种方式”，still意为“仍然”。根据语境可知作者仍然没有吹出泡泡。故选D。8Afruitless BtoughCunwilling DdifficultA解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在几次没有成果的尝试之
99、后，我改变了策略。fruitless意为“没有成果的”，tough意为“艰苦的”，unwilling意为“不情愿的”，difficult意为“困难的”。根据下文“I changed strategies”可知，作者的尝试都没有成功。故选A。9ADespite BWithoutCOn DExceptB解析：考查介词词义辨析。句意：没有在带有肥皂水的环状泡泡棒上吹气，我只是轻轻地呼了口气。despite意为“尽管”，without意为“没有”，on意为“在之上”，except意为“除了”。根据下文“I just gently breathed on it”可知，作者没有在泡泡棒上吹气。故选B。10
100、Ascreamed BnoddedCrushed DflewA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个又大又美丽的泡泡形成并飘走的时候，我的儿子开心地尖叫起来。scream意为“尖叫”，nod意为“点头”，rush意为“急速行进”，fly意为“飞”。作者父子试了很多次，吹泡泡都失败了，根据常识和关键词“with delight”可知，当作者的儿子看到作者吹出泡泡的时候，开心地尖叫起来。故选A。11Aescaped BfloatedCburst DbouncedB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：当一个又大又美丽的泡泡形成并飘走的时候，我的儿子开心地尖叫起来。escape意为“逃跑”，float意为“飘
101、然移动”，burst意为“爆裂”，bounce意为“弹回”。根据常识可知，吹出的泡泡会在空中飘动。故选B。12Asilently BslightlyCeagerly DgentlyD解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：我向他解释道，“儿子，你不必用力地吹，你必须非常轻地在环形泡泡棒上呼气才能吹出泡泡。”silently意为“默默地”，slightly意为“略微”，eagerly意为“渴望地”，gently意为“轻轻地”。根据上文gently breathed可知，此处作者告诉儿子要轻轻地吹。故选D。13Afreed BfueledCcontained DreducedC解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：
102、他控制住了自己通过使劲吹来制造大泡泡的急切的欲望，听从了我的建议。free意为“免除”，fuel意为“给加燃料”，contain意为“控制”，reduce意为“减少”。根据下文followed my advice可知，作者的儿子控制了自己通过使劲吹来制造大泡泡的急切的欲望。故选C。14Abrain BactionCforce DscienceC解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：有一些东西你可以用力量得到，但其他东西只用温柔的呼吸就可以得到。brain意为“大脑”，action意为“行动”，force意为“力量”，science意为“科学”。根据上文“blow it to make bubbles”
103、可知，之前作者父子用力吹都没有吹出泡泡。故选C。15Asurvive BseparateCjump DariseD解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有一些东西你可以用力量得到，但其他东西只用温柔的呼吸就可以得到。survive意为“存活”，separate意为“分开”，jump意为“跳”，“arise”意为“产生、出现”。作者父子吹泡泡失败之后，发现轻轻地吹才能得到泡泡。故选D。.语法填空(2021烟台适应性练习)Last week European Union leaders 1. (urge) to support rewilding efforts by environmental acti
104、vist groups, including the World Wildlife Fund. “Rewilding” is a conservation effort aimed at returning land 2. its more natural, undeveloped state. This movement is growing in 3. (popular) around the world, especially in cities and towns where lawns (草地) cover most areas. Replacing lawns with diver
105、se native plants can help support wildlife like bees and other insects. Native plants can grow in any conditions so there is no need to introduce foreign plants when there 4. (be) so many other options. Part of the process of rewilding means 5. (change) the way most people attend to their green spac
106、es. For example, it is not a good idea to clean up your garden 6. (immediate) at the end of the growing season. It is better to leave dead plants as they are. Birds 7. favorite food is seeds appreciate it when you dont deadhead flowers. Less cutting of plants and grass lets pollinators (授粉者) get to
107、flowers, and 8. (fall) leaves collection should be limited, too. The remains of the garden and lawn provide food and shelter for important insect life. No area is too small, and every space we can leave for nature to blossom (开花) is 9. (value). So youd better tell neighbors about your rewilding proj
108、ect, 10. they might misunderstand your effort as simple laziness.【解题导语】文章以欧盟领导人敦促包括世界野生动物基金会在内的环保组织要支持重建野生环境的努力为背景，介绍了重建野生环境的基本过程。1urged解析：考查动词的时态。根据“Last week”可知，事件是发生在过去，要用一般过去时。 故填urged。2to解析：考查介词。固定搭配“return.to.”意为“把退还给”。 故填to。3popularity解析：考查名词。空前有介词in，介词后常用现在分词或名词。给出词为形容词，所以空处应用其名词形式，popular的名
109、词形式为popularity。故填popularity。4are解析：考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据主谓一致原则，there be 结构中，be的形式遵循就近原则，本句中，be 动词后的“so many other options”为复数名词，本段的时态为一般现在时，所以be动词用are。故填are。5changing解析：考查非谓语动词。固定搭配“mean doing sth.”意为“意味着做某事”。故填changing。6immediately解析：考查副词。句意：例如，在生长季节结束时立即清理你的花园并不是一个好主意。分析句子可知，本句用it作形式主语，“to clean up your
110、 garden”为真正的主语。其中clean 为动词，修饰动词用副词，故填immediately。7whose解析：考查定语从句。分析句子可知， “ favorite food is seeds”是一个定语从句，Birds为先行词，关系词在从句中作定语，故填关系代词whose。8fallen解析：考查非谓语动词。本句空处和其后的leaves构成修饰关系。结合文意，此处表示“落叶”，fall的过去分词为fallen，表示“已经落下的”，故填fallen。9valuable解析：考查形容词。分析句子可知，句中空处所在的位置在句中作表语，常用形容词。故填valuable。10otherwise解析：
111、考查连词。句意：所以你最好告诉你的邻居你的重建野生环境的计划，否则他们会误会你的努力只是懒惰。空前讲述你最好告诉邻居你做什么，空后为邻居对你的努力的结果的否定评价，所以前后的意思截然相反，连词otherwise意为“否则”，符合句意，故填otherwise。写作新题型(二).应用文写作(2021浙江十校联盟联考)假如你是李华，作为交换生正在美国乔治中学学习，发现学校附近的“市民中心公园(Civic Center Park)”的步行小道没有照明路灯，导致发生几起跌倒事故，存在严重的安全隐患。请你用英语给市长写一封邮件，内容包括：1.反映问题；2.说明理由；3.提出建议。注意：1.词数80左右；2
112、.可以适当增加细节，使行文连贯；3.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。参考词汇：步行小道(small lanes)Honourable Mayor， Yours sincerely，Li HuaOne possible version：Honourable Mayor，Im Li Hua, an exchange student from China studying in George High School. Ive noticed there are no street lights along the small lanes in the nearby Civic Center Park
113、. Due to the unavailability of street lights, several minor accidents such as falling over an object have happened in the park.This park is very popular with the residents and a brighter lit park will encourage more people to use it conveniently. May I suggest that the city council look into install
114、ing lights along the small lanes to allow better visibility in the park?Thank you for considering my suggestion.Yours sincerely，Li Hua.读后续写阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021山东淄博模拟)I woke up at 5：30 am. after a restless nights sleep. I slowly unzipped the tent door to inspect the new day. Ju
115、st like yesterday, the wind had dropped. It was another beautiful Arctic day. I crawled out of my sleeping bag unwillingly. I am normally a morning person but the intense cold outside made that morning most unappealing. Anyhow, it was time to greet Charlie and start the day.My dog Charlie was up and
116、 it was bouncing up and down at the end of his chain looking well rested. I poured what looked like a pound of dog food into his bowl.Stepping out of the tent, I looked around for bears or tracks and saw none. It would never be a good thing to meet a polar bear. An Inuit (因纽特人) once told me that I s
117、hould watch out for polar bears. He said that if I met a polar bear, I should keep the following rules in mind. First, keep eye contact, move sideways or slightly forward, never backward, stay calm. Do not show fear and stand beside a large object to make myself appear as large as possible. Weapons
118、like flare gun (信号枪) are necessary, but do not shoot unless forced to. Dont wound a bear, or youll make it even more dangerous, and never run.It was only six oclock, so I decided to have a leisurely breakfast of a bowl of milk powder, coconut flakes, and butter mixed with warm water. I sat on my sle
119、d (雪橇) to enjoy my first breakfast of the expedition only to find that after the third spoonful it was frozen. So much for leisurely breakfast! I added more warm water and ate the rest as fast as possible.Suddenly I heard a deep, long growl coming from Charlies throat. In a flash I looked at him and
120、 then in the direction in which he was staring, it was a female polar bear followed by two cubs (幼崽) slowly, purposefully, toward me. They were two hundred yards away.注意：续写词数应为150左右。With my heart quickening, I grabbed my loaded flare gun and carefully walked sideways a few steps to Charlie. The whol
121、e event lasted fifteen minutes but seemed years long. One possible version：With my heart quickening, I grabbed my loaded flare gun and carefully walked sideways a few steps to Charlie. Without taking my eyes off the bear, I led him to the sled and fastened his chain to a rope. The bear was getting c
122、loser. Remembering all the Inuit had told me, I fired a warning shot to the bears left. But on she came. Then, I fired a flare right in front of her. She stopped and looked at me. Then she fixed her eyes on Charlie, who was barking wildly. She looked back at her cubs and waited for them to catch up,
123、 then finally moved away toward my right.The whole event lasted fifteen minutes but seemed years long. My hands were shaking as I stood still, watching the three slowly move north. But despite the fear, I could feel deep down inside a real satisfaction. I now know that I could stand up to a bear in the wild and stay calm enough to function and still remember the words from the Inuit. With Charlies help I had passed my first test.
