1、江苏省南通市启东市吕四中学2020届高三英语下学期期初考试试题一、 单选 (总分20分) 1. With globalization sweeping the world, learning foreign languages will become increasingly necessary if a country _ economically.A. will competeB. is to competeC. were to competeD. competes 2. The most exciting thing for him was_ he finally succeeded i
2、n_ seemed to be the most difficult exam to him.A. that; what B. that; which C. what; that D. what; which3. However busy you are, try to_ at least half an hour each day to practice listening and reading.A. put away B. put up C. put of D. put aside4. We are always creating new virtual communication pl
3、atforms for ourselves, intentionally or unintentionally, _ we tend to forget our true identity in the real world.A. whichB. whatC. where D. that5. Not that Im unwilling to lend you a hand, _Im too busy for the moment.A. because B. but that C. but for D. however6. The schools themselves admit that no
4、t all children will be successful in the jobs _they are being trained.A. in that B. for that C. in which D. for which.7. - Well, lost again! - It is not very important. We _ forget about it. OK ?A . cant B. might well C. might as well D. ought to 8. Lisa has had to stop doing all the gardening recen
5、tly, _ her back problem.A. on account of B.in response to C. with regard to D.by means of9. There,_Mrs Smith, showing her pupils how to put a logo onto the new torch.A. standing on the platform was B. was standing on a platformC. on a platform was standing D. was on a platform standing10. - What do
6、you think of the contest?- I was told that the English Speech Contest _ successfully last night.A. went along B. went down C. went off D. went on11. _ the Internet is of great help, I dont think it is a good idea to spend too much time on it.A. As B. Because C. While D. when 12. My most famous relat
7、ive of all, _ who really left his marks on America, was Reb Sussel, my great-grandfather.A. one B. the one C .he D. someone 13. Indonesias flag is based on a national flag _ back to the 13th century_ had 9 red and white stripes.A. date; which B. dates; when C. dated ; that D. dating ; that 14. I hav
8、e 20 000 and I need 25 000 but my parents have promised to _the difference.A. make for B make up. C. make out D. make off15. Advertising is distinguished from other forms of communication_ the advertiser pays for the message to be delivered.A. in that B. which C. what D. because of 16. In particular
9、, we associate ancient Greek civilization with the capital city of Athens, _ is the Acropolis.A. the greatest symbol of whichB. of which greatest symbolC. whose the greatest symbolD. of whose greatest symbol17. -How about eight oclock outside the cinema?- That _ me fine. A. fits B. meets C. satisfie
10、s D. suits18. The theory hes stuck _ us that earthquakes can be forecast .A. to prove B. to proves C. to proves to D. which to prove19. _his financial problems , his wife also left him , which made him very depressed .A. Except for B. Thanks to C. On top ofD. Except20. -Mum, weve searched at least 5
11、 stores, but still cannot find one that suits my taste.-Be patient, dear. _ . A. The best fish swim near the bottom. B. Ones meat is another mans poison.C. A bad workman always blames his tool. D. The lion is not so fierce as he is painted.二、 完形填空（总分20分）I read about an athlete who made it all the wa
12、y to the Olympics despite hating his chosen sport. He committed his entire life to 36 one tiny, yet large, sentenceIm proud of you. At some point we all have someone we want to 37 , whose approval means the world to us.I have a clear memory of the person I wanted approval from telling me I was intel
13、ligent, the kind of memory that stays very clear because youve recalled it so many times. I had 38 someones opinion about buying a Canadian soda. “We should really support our own economy,” ten-year-old me said. I had no idea what that meant, 39 I was looked at with approval, and my heart was filled
14、 with 40 . I loved that feelingthe approval of my hero. It was nothing like the Olympic athlete, but I made some very big 41 based on what might make them 42 . I was hugely affected by wanting their approval.Months ago this person removed me from his life. It hurt a lot. However, in life there is ra
15、rely hurt 43 growth. I recently 44 on myself and my behavior and noticed somethingI feel free. After a period of denying and upset, I 45 that this is just how it is. This realization made me see how often I was transforming myself according to the 46 , “What would they think?” Id been using the desi
16、re for approval as an 47 excuse for hiding. My excuse was gone immediately I realized it 48 . It was time to 49 step into myself and stop hiding who I am from others. Are you hiding? I hid in approval-seeking. Maybe you hide behind judgment. We all have our ways, and it can be really scary to let 50
17、 go.The thing is, 51 , as long as we prevent ourselves being truly seen, we will never be truly understood. Connection with others wont be wholly authentic, and we will edit ourselves because we 52 potential thoughts in other peoples heads. Its pretty 53 . Of course, breaking up isnt 54 when you exp
18、ect to be freed from wanting someones approval. You dont even have to tell them you no longer care what they think of you. Just 55 and do what makes you happy and go for the things you really want in life. Do your thing, and let them do theirs. 36. A. searchingB. seekingC. makingD. reading37. A. lov
19、e B. upsetC. pleaseD. annoy38. A. sharedB. assessedC. analyzed D. parroted39. A. soB. butC. asD. for40. A. disappointmentB. depression C. satisfactionD. amazement41. A. profitsB. statementsC. decisions D. preparations42. A. cozyB. healthyC. wiseD. proud43. A. withB. withoutC. by D. through44. A. ref
20、lectedB. dawnedC. counted D. experimented45. A. assumedB. acceptedC. anticipatedD. argued46. A. opinionB. conceptC. thought D. reason47. A. unconscious B. unforgettableC. unpleasantD. unbelievable48. A. existedB. roseC. fadedD. disappeared49. A. physicallyB. preciselyC. automatically D. authenticall
21、y50. A. themB. itC. usD. you51. A. thereforeB. insteadC. though D. eventually52. A. missB. fearC. doubtD. advocate53. A. appealingB. scarceC. sillyD. inspiring54. A. impossibleB. necessary C. importantD. abundant55. A. look outB. hurry upC. hold on D. go ahead三、 阅读理解（总分30）AAt present, there are five
22、 network firmsChina Telecom, China Unicom, Jitong Communications, China Netcom and China Mobile that are allowed to operate IP services in China. Each company has its advantages in service.Charge：As the ministry of Information Industry co-ordinates(合作), the charges of IP calls of the five companies
23、are the same, 0.30 yuan per minute for DDD calls, 4.80 yuan per minute for IDD calls, 2.50 yuan for calls from the mainland to Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan, and 4.50 yuan from Shenzhen to HK, Zhongshan and Zhuhai to Macao. IP callers dont enjoy discounts(折扣) on holidays.Range：China Telecom has the w
24、idest coverage. All cities in China with telephone access(通路)and most countries in the world are open to China Telecoms IP card.China Unicoms IP card reach 29 cities nationwide and more than 130 countries and regions worldwide, Jitong IP can access 12 cities in China and over 70 countires and region
25、s worldwide.China Netcoms IP card can reach 14 cities in China, and 149 countries and regions in the wourld.China Mobiles IP card is open to only six cities nationwide but can access more than 200 countries and regions worldwide.China Telecom realizes its IP service by the public Internet, therefore
26、 net congestion（拥挤）and voice delay may sometimes disturb conversations. The other four companies have their private data networks, which help to increase transmission speed improve voice quality.Other services：China Telecom, Jitong and China Mobile offer account transfer services. Users can transfer
27、 the remaining sum of money on one card to another card.Jitong and Netcom link their services with bank cards. One can enjoy IP service without an IP card. Bank card users can make IP phone calls their card numbers. So they neednt buy new Ipcards and remember the new numbers again and again.As for c
28、ustomer service, China Telecom, China Unicom and China Mobile provide free hot line service, while Jitong and Netcom charge for their services.1What does the passage mainly talk about?AOrganization of the five IP firms. BDifference between the five IP firms.CFoundation of Chinas five IP firms DDevel
29、opment of Chinas five IP firms2Which of the following is mentioned in the passage?AChina of the following is mentioned in the passage?BChina Mobiles coverage is the least of the five firms.CChina Telecom accesses many more cities nationwide than the other fourDChina Netcom is the only one to be allo
30、wed to operate IP service3When enjoying IP service. _.AJitong users neednt buy IP cards BChina Telecom users neednt buy new IP cardsCNetcom users have to link with a bankDChina Mobile users have to pay for their hot line serviceBResearchers in the psychology department at the University of Californi
31、a at Los Angeles (UCLA) have discovered a major difference in the way men and women respond to stress. This difference may explain why men are more likely to suffer from stress-related disorders.Until now, psychological research has maintained that both men and women have the same fight-or-flight re
32、action to stress. In other words, individuals either react with aggressive behavior, such as verbal or physical conflict (fight), or they react by withdrawing from the stressful situation (flight). However, the UCLA research team found that men and women have quite different biological and behaviora
33、l responses to stress. While men often react to stress in the fight-or-flight response, women often have another kind of reaction which could be called tend and befriend. That is, they often react to stressful conditions by protecting and nurturing their young (tend), and by looking for social conta
34、ct and support from others - especially other females(befriend).Scientists have long known that in the fight-or- flight reaction to stress, an important role is played by certain hormones released by the body. The UCLA research team suggests that the female tend-or-befriend response is also based on
35、 a hormone. This hormone, called oxytocin, has been studied in the context of childbirth, but now it is being studied for its role in the response of both men and women to stress. The principal investigator, Dr. Shelley E. Taylor, explained that animalsand people with high levels of oxytocin are cal
36、mer, more relaxed, more social, and less anxious. While men also secrete(分泌) oxytocin, its effects are reduced by male hormones.In terms of everyday behavior, the UCLA study found that women are far more likely than men to seek social contact when they are feeling stressed. They may phone relatives
37、or friends, or ask directions if they are lost.The study also showed how fathers and mothers responded differently when they came home to their family after a stressful day at work. The typical father wanted to be left alone to enjoy some peace and quiet. For a typical mother, coping with a bad day
38、at work meant focusing her attention on her children and their needs.The differences in responding to stress may explain the fact that women have lower frequency of stress-related disorders such as high blood pressure or aggressive behavior. The tend-and-befriend regulatory(调节的) system may protect w
39、omen against stress, and this may explain why women on average live longer than men.4. The UCLA study shows that in response to stress, men are more likely than women to .A. turn to friends for help B. solve a conflict calmlyC. find an escape from reality D. seek comfort from children5. Which of the
40、 following is true about oxytocin according to the passage?A. Men have the same level of oxytocin as women do.B. Oxytocin used to be studied in both men and women.C. Both animals and people have high levels of oxytocin.D. Oxytocin has more of an effect on women than on men.6. What can be learned fro
41、m the passage?A. Male hormones help build up the bodys resistance to stress.B. In a family a mother cares more about children than a father does.C. Biological differences lead to different behavioral responses to stress.D. The UCLA study was designed to confirm previous research findings.7. Which of
42、 the following might be the best title of the passage? A. How men and women get over stress B. How men and women suffer from stressC. How researchers overcome stress problems D. How researchers handle stress-related disordersC At first glance, price-comparison websites are an example of capitalism a
43、t its best. But it has caused fierce competition on price and eviscerated profits. Towers Watson, a consultancy, said that unnecessary price competition following the rise of comparison sites in Britain had cost insurers 1 billion a year.Consumers should celebrate that;the firms losses are their gai
44、ns.But there is a catch.Comparison sites introduce a new layer of costs,including their own advertising campaigns.In theory,competition in the market for comparison sites ought to keep those costs down.But David Ronayne of Warwick University argues that consumers often lose out from comparison sites
45、.They earn a commission for each shopper who uses them for consumption such as buying insurance.That referral（委托）cost is included in the price the consumer ends up paying.If the increased costs outweigh the saving the comparison enables,consumers end up worse off.These worries are not just theoretic
46、al.In 2014,Britains competition regulator found that many comparison sites were using their contracts with retailers（零售商）to ban them from offering lower prices elsewhere.That weakened rivals incentive（对手的动机）to cut fees,because prices on their site could not fall.By keeping prices similar,the contrac
47、ts also reduced the incentive for consumers to search on multiple sites,thus helping sites retain their users.Weaker incentives to lower commissions mean weaker incentives to lower costs,too.That might explain why comparison websites advertise so heavily,and sometimes offer free gifts to those who u
48、se them.In a recent paper,Ben Edelman of Harvard Business School and Julian Wright of the National University of Singapore argue that when a site knows that the prices merchants provide through it will always be the lowest available,it increases investment in attracting customers,safe in the knowled
49、ge that the merchants and at last consumers will bear the cost.Is there any way to ensure the market for price comparison is competitive?Asking consumers to check multiple websites defeats the point of using them.One solution is to have only one site,but regulate it as a public utility（功用）. Alternat
50、ively,the governments could run the site itself.But creating good search and comparison sites may be too hard for them.It is much better to acknowledge that consumers will always have to do some comparison themselves to keep the system honest.Websites that compare the comparison sites can help,altho
51、ugh it is easy to see how they could fall prey to the same problems.Any firm with captive users（被动用户）,be it a comparison site a search engine,or a social-media platform,can charge a high price for access to the eyes of its customers.For all their innovation,Internet middlemen are not unlike supermar
52、kets.Shoppers would never imagine that a single store had the lowest price for all the items they need.8. According to the first two paragraphs,price-comparison websites_. .A.will offer smart consumers the best dealsB.will bring insurance firms increased profitsC.can help keep the costs of insurance
53、 firms downD.may raise the price that consumers pay for their purchases9. Current comparison sites tend to put most of their efforts in_. A.lowering commissions B.contracting with retailersC.attracting consumersD.cutting operating costs10. According to the last two paragraphs,the author probably agr
54、ees that_. A.its desirable to have only one comparison site and have it run by the governmentB.its advisable that comparison sites with captive users charge a high price for its serviceC.consumers should check multiple comparison sites before making a purchasing decisionD.websites that compare the c
55、omparison websites can help to build a competitive marketDWhat will higher education look like in 2050? That was the question addressed Tuesday night by Michael Crow, president of Arizona State University.“Were at the end of the fourth wave of change in higher education,” Crow began, arguing that re
56、search universities followed the initial establishment of higher education, public colleges, and land-grant schools in the timeline of America.In less than a half-century, he said, global market competition will be at its fastest rates of change ever, with several multitrillion-dollar economies worl
57、dwide. According to a recent projection, the nations population could reach 435 million, with a large percentage of those residents economically disadvantaged. In addition, climate change will be “meaningfully uncontrollable” in many parts of the world.The everyday trends seen today, such as declini
58、ng performance of students at all levels, particularly in math and science, and declining wages and employment among the less educated, will only continue, Crow maintained, and are, to say the least, not contributing to fulfilling the dream of climbing the social ladder mobility, quality of life, su
59、stainable environment, and longer life spans that most Americans share.“How is it that we can have these great research universities and have negative-trending outcomes?” Crow said in a talk “I hold the universities accountable. We are part of the problem.”Among the “things that we do that make the
60、things that we teach less learnable,” Crow said, are the strict separation of disciplines, academic rigidity, and conservatism, the desire of universities to imitate schools at the top of the social ranks, and the lack of the computer system ability that would allow a large number of students to be
61、educated for a small amount of money.Since 2002, when Crow started being in charge at Arizona State which he calls the “new American university” he has led more than three dozen initiatives that aim to make the school “inclusive, scalable, fast, adaptive, challenge-focused, and willing to take risks
62、.”Among those initiatives were a restructuring of the engineering and life sciences schools to create more linkages between disciplines; the launch of the School of Earth and Space Exploration and the School of Sustainability; the start of a Teachers College to address K-12 performance and increase
63、the status of the Education Department at the university; and broadened access, increasing the freshman class size by 42 percent and the enrollment of students living below the poverty line by 500 percent.Universities must start, Crow noted, “by becoming self-reflective architects, figuring out what
64、 we have and what we actually need instead of what legend tells us we have to be.” Research universities today have “run their course,” he added. “Now is the time for variety.”During a discussion afterward, Crow clarified and expanded on some of his points. He discussed, for example, the schools dis
65、tance-learning program. “Nearly 40 percent of undergraduates are taking at least one course online,” he said, which helps the school to keep costs down while advancing interactive learning technologies.He said that Arizona State is working to increase the transfer and completion rates of community-c
66、ollege students, of whom only about 15 percent, historically, complete their later degrees. “Weve built a system that will allow them to track into universities,” particularly where “culturally complex barriers” beyond finances limit even the most gifted students.11.The fourth wave of change in Amer
67、icas higher education refers to _.A. public collegesB. land-grant schoolsC. initial higher educationD. research universities12. Which is NOT part of the American dream most people share?A. People enjoy a quality life.B. People live longer and longer.C. The freedom to move around.D. An environment th
68、at is sustainable.13. Which is an initiative adopted by Crow at Arizona State University?A. Restructuring the teachers College.B. Launching the School of Life Sciences.C. Ignoring the linkages between disciplines.D. Enrolling more students from poor families.14. Which one is similar to the underline
69、d word “architect” in meaning?A. The author of the guidebook is an architect by profession.B. Deng Xiaoping is one of the architects of the PRC.C. If you want to refurnish the house, consult the architect.D. Tom is considered one of the best landscape architect here.15.With the distance-learning pro
70、gram, Arizona State University is able to _.A. enroll 40% of its students online B. provide an even greater number of coursesC. attract the most gifted students all over the world D. keep costs down without a loss of quality四、任务型阅读（总分10分）Its no secret that doing good makes others happy but did you k
71、now it can make you happy as well?According to a study, people participating in meaningful activities were happier and felt that their lives had more purpose than people who only engaged in pleasure-seeking behaviors.Try giving these four things to others to start your journey to a happier and healt
72、hier lifestyle.1. Your TimeWith a busy life, it can be hard to find any time to give away. However, volunteering your time has great benefits, including making new friends and connections, learning new skills and even advancing your career.According to a paper about the link between health and volun
73、teering, volunteering is connected with lower instances of depression and reduces the risk of dying by 22 percent.2. Your AttentionMost of us think were good listeners, but according to psychologist Paul Donoghue, most people are aware that others dont listen as well as they could. In addition, they
74、re not fully aware that they themselves arent listening.When practicing mindfulness meditation(正念禅修), you focus on what you experience in the moment and let your thoughts and emotions pass through without judgment. Did you know that giving someone your undivided attention helps you also? When done w
75、ell, active listening strengthens your focuswhich is a major part of good meditation.3. Your CompassionThe psychological meaning of compassion is the ability to understand another persons emotional state. Compassion differs from empathy(移情) in that those who experience compassion not only put themse
76、lves in another persons shoes, but also want to reduce that persons suffering.A brain-imaging study showed that the brains pleasure centers are equally active when we give money to the poor as when we receive money ourselves.4. Your MoneyAccording to an experiment, those who spend money on other peo
77、ple are significantly happier than those who spend the same quantity of money on themselves.Whether or not you can offer other gifts, donating money helps make real change happen. It represents time spent, compassion and careful attention to the needs of others.TopicDoing good makes others and yours
78、elf happy_71_ of a studyPeople, who _72_ in meaningful activities were happier and felt that they lived more _73_ than those only engaged in pleasure-seeking behaviors. Four things offered to others can _74_ to a happier and healthier lifestyleYour TimeBenefits:Making new friends and connections;Lea
79、rning new skills;Making _75_ in your career.Your AttentionGiving someone your _76_ attention can also help yourself;Active listening can strengthen _77_ is a major part of good meditation.Your CompassionIt _78_ people to understand others emotional state.People with compassion want to reduce others
80、sufferings as well.Your Money_79_ the same amount of money, people felt happier while spending on others.Conclusion_80_ away money helps make real change happen no matter whether you can offer other gifts or not.五、翻译句子（总分20分）1. 透彻了解英语习语及其起源，你可以更好地理解和欣赏英语国家的历史和文化，因为习语是历史和文化的载体。_2. 颜色是表达不同感觉的媒介，但色彩的含义
81、在不同的文化中是不一样的。_3. 音乐会也受到了全世界媒体的极大关注，这给政客和政治家施加了巨大压力，迫使他们为世界饥荒问题采取行动。_4. 这应该给人们敲响警钟，因为最基本的现实是，为了让每一个人得以生存，全球发展必须做出重大的调整。_5. 这是一个简单的想法，不过也是一个难以付诸实践的想法。_6. 为了应对全世界的饥荒困境，联合国成立了一个名为世界粮食计划署（ WFP ）的专门机构。_7. 他们宣布他们不再屈从于英国统治，这引发了战争，也使美国获得了独立。_8. 类似项目的引进将有望帮助结束对环境的蓄意破坏，确保替代能源在世界范围内得到推广。_9. 它屡经修缮，多次扩建，这些修缮与扩建通常是在战争和灾难之后。_10. 黄色在大多时候与阳光和温暖联系在一起，但在交通标志上黄色意味着我们要小心。_答案：单选: BADCB CCAAA CBDBA ADCCA完型: BCDBC CDBAB CAADA CBCBD阅读： A篇:BCA B篇:CDCA C篇:DCD D篇: DCDBD任务型 71. Finding(s) 72. participated73. Purposefully 74. lead/contribute75.Progress 76. undivided77. what78. helps/enables79. Despite80. Giving
