1、【2015高考复习】任务型读写If you can find a tree which has been cut down，you will see many rings，or circles，on the base of the trunk.By learning to read these rings，you can find out about the trees life.The number of rings tells you how old the tree is.Each year，new wood is formed on the outside of the tree.Th
2、is new wood is light in color when the tree is growing in spring and summer，and dark in winter when the tree is not growing much.So，if you count the rings of darkorlight colored wood，you can often find out how old the tree is.You can also tell which years have been good years and which years have be
3、en bad years.When the lightcolored rings are very wide，it means that the tree has been growing quickly that year.If the rings are narrow，it has been growing slowly.If the rings on a tree trunk were greatly magnified，you would be able to see why the rings are lightcolored when the tree is growing qui
4、ckly and darkcolored when the tree is growing slowly.The tree trunk is made up of microscopic tubes，like some pipes，carrying water from the soil，through the trunk，and up to the leaves.They are wide and thinwalled when the tree is growing quickly and they are carrying a lot of water.They are narrow a
5、nd stuck together when the tree is not growing so quickly.When a tree is old，the tubes in the centre of the tree dont carry water.The walls of the tubes have become thick with materials which have stuck along them over the years，forming a kind of wood called“heartwood”This kind of wood is darker in
6、color than the young，growing wood on the outside of the tree.You dont very often see whole tree trunks which have been cut across.But once you learn to read a cross section of the wood，you can see much more in wood which has been used to make boxes，houses and other things.In most wood，instead of see
7、ing the trunk cut across，you are seeing it cut along its length.Because you dont see the whole tree，you cant tell how old it is.Title：_20_of a TreeGeneral informationOld treesItemsFactsItemsFactsWhere can rings be seenOn the _21_of a trunkThe tubes in the centre of the treeDont carry waterThe_22_of
8、ringsHelps us know about its ageThe walls of the tubesBecome _23_；Form _24_25_lightcolored ringsShow the tree grows quicklyNarrow_26_ringsMean the tree grows slowlyMicroscopic tubesFunctionCarry_27_FeaturesWide and _28_when growing quicklyNarrow and stuck together when growing _29_【语篇解读】 本文介绍了怎样从树的年
9、轮来看树的生长情况和年龄。20Rings/Circles从第一段可直接得出答案。21base从第一段第一句可直接得出答案。22number从第二段第一句可直接得出答案。23thick从第四段第二句可直接得出答案。24heartwood第四段第二句可直接得出答案。25Wide第三段第二句可直接得出答案。26darkcolored第三段第四句可直接得知。27water第三段倒数第二句可直接得知。28thinwalled第三段倒数第二句可得知。29slowly从第三段最后一句not growing so quickly转换而来。【上海市虹口区2014模拟】任务型阅读Directions: Compl
10、ete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. adapt B. natives C. identities D. cost-saving E. alert F. insteadG. established H. practically I. route J. enrolled K. significantOfficials at Boston College ha
11、ve made what may be a critical decision: theyve stopped giving out new email accounts to incoming students. The officials realized that the students had already established digital 41 by the time they entered college, so the new email addresses were just not being used, but, 42 , the college will of
12、fer forwarding (转发) services.Starting next year, freshman 43 at Boston College wont be given an actual email account complete with login and inbox, just an email address. This address, in the format of johnsmithbc. edu will simply forward mail to the students already 44 inbox, be it Gmail, Windows L
13、ive Mail, Yahoo Mail, AOL, or whatever else they may be using.The college reached a smart decision after first looking into outsourcing （外包） their email to the cloud. While the Boston College decision may have been made for 45 reasons more than anything, we can easily imagine this as being the start
14、 of a new trend.Can you even imagine a U.S. college student who didnt have an email address of their own by the time they were a freshman? Its 46 unheard of. Todays students are digital 47 immersed (浸润) in technology from the day they were born. It simply doesnt make sense to give them yet another a
15、ccount to manage when they enter college.By going this 48 , there are still some challenges to overcome, though. For example, a student who changes their email carrier will probably forget to 49 the institution to the change and could then miss out on 50 messages from the university with regard to t
16、heir courses, scholarship, safety information, etc.In the end, we think the decision Boston College made could easily be the start of a new trend. Were sure the students like it, too. 【参考答案】41. C 42. F 43. J 44. G 45. D 46. H 47. B 48. I 49. E 50. K【四川省绵阳市2014高考英语一模试题】An early invention by Albert Ei
17、nstein has been rebuilt by scientists at Oxford University. They are trying to develop an environmentally friendly refrigerator that runs without electricity.We all know that modern fridges cause damage to the environment. They work by using a kind of man-made greenhouse gas called Freon (氟里昂), whic
18、h is far more damaging than carbon dioxide.Now Malcolm McCulloch, an electrical engineer at Oxford, is leading a three-year project to develop appliances that can be used in places without electricity.His team has completed a prototype (样机) of a fridge patented in 1930 by Einstein. It used only pres
19、surized gases to keep things cold. The design was partly used in the first refrigerators, but the technology was dropped when more efficient compressors (压缩机) became popular in the 1950s. That meant a switch to using Freon.Einsteins idea uses butane (丁烷) and water and takes advantage of the fact tha
20、t liquids boil at lower temperatures, when the air pressure around them is lower.If you go to the top of Mount Qomolangma, water boils at a much lower temperature than it does when youre at sea level and thats because the pressure is much lower up there, said McCulloch.At one side is the evaporator
21、(蒸发器), a bottle that contains liquid butane. If you introduce a new vapor above the butane, the liquid boiling temperature decreases and, as it boils off, it takes energy from the surroundings to do so, says McCulloch. Thats what makes it cold.The gas fridges based on Einsteins design were replaced
22、by Freon-compressor fridges partly because Einsteins design was not very efficient. But McCulloch thinks that by changing the design and replacing the types of gases used it will be possible to quadruple (翻两番) the efficiency.However, McCullochs fridge is still in its early stages. Its very much a pr
23、ototype, he said. Give us another month and well have it working.72According to the passage, an early invention by Albert Einstein _.Ahas been rediscovered because it costs much less and works more efficientlyBis being redesigned because it could be used in places without electricityChas just been f
24、ound to be energy-saving and environmentally friendlyDwill be fully made use of and become the fridge of the future73Which of the following is TRUE according to the text?AFreon was used in fridges long before the 1950s.BFreon is what makes current fridges big polluters.CMcCulloch thinks he could imp
25、rove Einsteins design by using other types of vapors.DThe fridge Malcolm McCulloch and his team designed will be put into production soon.74We can learn from the text that the prototype completed _.Achanged the air pressure around itBwas tested on the top of Mount EverestCincreased the liquid boilin
26、g temperatureDused only pressurized gases to keep things cold75McCullochs words in Paragraph 6 _.Aserve as an explanation for the principle behind Einsteins fridgeBgive you the reason why Einsteins fridge was not efficientCtell you how to take advantage of low air pressureDshow you how Einsteins fri
27、dge works7275、BBDA【2014天津市六校第一次联考】Id always dreamed of exploring Africa, ever since I read my first Tarzan（人猿泰山）comic as a child. Finally, in 2004, to celebrate my 60th birthday, I went to Tanzania to experience a safari（东非游猎）and climb Mount Kilimanjaro, the highest mountain in Africa. Seated next t
28、o me on the flight was Tanzanias minister of water and wildlife development. We talked for thousands of miles, and he arranged me to visit a school. When I toured the school, I was shocked. The leaky（漏的）roofs turned the dirt floors into mud during the rainy season, and the walls couldnt keep out the
29、 heat, cold or bugs(小昆虫). The school was in need of all material goods, but the kids possessed great human spirit.It broke my heart that these children had to struggle to survive, so I asked the headmaster what it would cost to feed them. As little as 20 cents per child per day, he told me. Immediat
30、ely I got home, I founded Kids of Kilimanjaro. Since then weve grown to provide hot lunches for nearly 13,000 schoolchildren every day. The free lunch program has eased a major problem the youngsters face.I know a good education could really make a difference in these childrens lives. My parents alw
31、ays stressed the importance of education. I paid my own way through college in Tokyo by teaching English to students and businesspeople. After attending university I moved to San Francisco, when I was 25 years old. In 1978 I realized my American dream when I founded my own company. My success all st
32、arted with a good education.Its amazing that something as simple as a nutritious lunch can change and enrich so many lives. Giving young people a better, healthier life can inspire them to go all the way through college and lead a movement that transforms their country.51. Why did the author go to T
33、anzania to celebrate his 60th birthday?A. He was curious about what Africa was like.B. He was concerned about the Africans miserable life.C. He wanted to get an idea of the areas wildlife.D. He hoped to lead a movement that would transform his country.52. After his tour to the school, the author fou
34、nd that the kids there were _.A. in need of helpB. not interested in studiesC. not used to the rainy seasonD. in low spirits53. What is the main purpose of Kids of Kilimanjaro?A. To make sure the African kids are mentally healthy.B. To spread knowledge among the African kids.C. To build new schools
35、for the African kids.D. To protect the African kids from hunger.54. What is the correct sequence of the following events?a. “I” founded “my” first company.b. “I” founded Kids of Kilimanjaro.c. “I” read “my” first Tarzan comic.d. “I” moved to San Francisco.A. a, c, d, bB. a, d, c, bC. c, a, d, bD. c,
36、 d, a, b55. The author believes education is important because _.A. his parents always stressed the importance of educationB. a good education contributes to his successC. he paid his own way through college by teaching EnglishD. hes trying to realize his American dream【参考答案】AADDB。阅读下列四篇短文，从每小题后所给的A
37、,B,C或D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Finally, Ientered the university. Because of my careful savings, I did not have to work during the school year. Then,summer came and it was time to work harder than ever. I continued working as a waitress at night, instructed tennis camps several mornings a week and worked as a se
38、cretary for a few hours in the afternoons. I even decided to take a class at acommunity（社区）college. This class at the community college saved me $650. It was an extremely tiring summer and made me anxious to return to my relatively easy life at the university.During mysecond and third years of under
39、graduate schooling, I decided to work about five hours per week in the campus（校园）admissions office answering phones. This provided a little spending money and kept me from drawing my savings out. The overall situation looked hopeful as I approached my senior year as long as I could make as much mone
40、y as I had the previous summer. I wanted to go to Israel to study for 3 weeks, but I hesitated in making this decision because it would cost me $1,600 more to get the credits in Israel. About two weeks later my Mom called to tell me that I had $1,600 in the bank that I had forgotten about! One of my
41、 concerns about this trip was not only the cost, but the loss of time to make money; however, I made as much that summer in the ten weeks when I was at home as I had made during the fourteen weeks when I was at home the summer before. The way everything worked together to make this trip possible was
42、 one of the most exciting things that have ever happened to me.This experience has shaped me in many important ways. The first thing that Ilearned was the importance of a strong work ethic (伦理). Working long hours did a lot to develop my character and helped me learn the value of adollar. It also ma
43、de me learn how to search for creative ways to settle difficult situations.1. Where did the writer probably work part-time before attending the university?A. In a restaurant. B. In the tennis camps.C. In a company. D. In the admissions office.2. The writer took a class at a community college mainly
44、because_. A. she wanted to save money B. life there was relatively easyC. summer time was tiring D. it was required by the university 3. The writers major concern about the trip to Israel was that_. A. her mother would not give her approvalB. she would fail to get credits in Israel C. a well-paid summer job would be lost D. $1,600 couldnt be drawn out in time4. The passage is mainly about how the writer _. A. made money on the college campusB. managed to make full use of her vacationC. was forced to support herself by her motherD. was shaped by working part-time through college【参考答案】14、AACD。