1、 阅读理解AAntarctic seabirds are breeding (繁殖) later，because thinner sea ice is causing their food supplies to decline，a new study says. The birds，which nest in East Antarctica，have delayed their spring arrival by an average of nine days and egglaying by an average of two days over the past 50 years，acc
2、ording to polar researchers from the French National Center for Scientific Research in Villiers en Bois, France. Study authors Christophe Barbrand and Henri Weimerskirch attribute this later breeding activity to decrease in sea ice caused by climate change.The researchers say the disappearing sea ic
3、e，combined with a longer seaice season, has interfered with the birds breeding cycle by reducing the amount of krill (磷虾) and other prey (猎物) available in early spring in Antarctica. Because Antarcticas seasons are opposite those in the Northern Hemisphere，spring on the icy continent begins in Octob
4、er.The study is based on data collected at seabird colonies between 1950 and 2004 in Adlie Land, on the eastern edge of the frozen continent.The findings were published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences.Of the nine species studied, some arrived up to 30 days later than t
5、hey had in previous years.Despite much later arrivals, the birds are laying their eggs at pretty much the same time as they had in the past. In the most extreme cases, birds were laying their eggs an average of 3.7 days later in the season than they were 50 years ago.【解题导语】本文主要介绍了生活在南极洲东部的海鸟推迟繁殖的原因。
6、1What is the passage mainly about?ASeabirds are breeding later in East Antarctica.BThe amount of krill in the ocean has decreased.CThe weather in Antarctica has changed.DThe spring in Antarctica is beginning later.A解析：主旨大意题。纵观全文，文章主要介绍的是现在生活在南极洲东部的海鸟的繁殖期由于气候变化而延后。2In which of the following months is
7、 it autumn in Antarctica?AOctober. BSeptember.CNovember. DJune.D解析：推理判断题。根据文章第二段第二句可推知南极6月应是秋天。3How many kinds of seabirds were studied by the researchers?ATwo. BFive.CNine. DThirty.C解析：细节理解题。根据文章第五段可知研究了九种鸟。4What does the underlined word “attribute” in Paragraph 1 mean?AIt means “contribute”. BIt m
8、eans “cause”CIt means “owe”. DIt means “devote”C解析：词义猜测题。研究者认为这种推迟的生育行为是由于气候变化导致的海冰减少而引起的。attribute.to.“把归因于”，C项与之相符。B(2019陕西高二检测)Whenever I hear a recording of John Denver singing “Sunshine on My Shoulders”， I find myself smiling, drawn to a love of the sun and the outdoors Ive had for years as a M
9、ichigan native. Walking barefoot to the lake, playing without shirts in the sunlight, and breathing fresh air feel good. As a doctor I can tell you they are also good for your heart.Studies have found higher rates of high blood pressure among people with the lowest sun exposure. One reason may be du
10、e to nitric oxide (一氧化氮), a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks. Vitamin D, which sunlight helps your body produce, is also linked to better health. So walk outdoors for 15 to 30 minutes daily.In Japan, walking thr
11、ough forests to keep healthy has become a popular practice. Apparently they want to enjoy the fresh air. But research on 280 volunteers found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban area.One of the consequ
12、ences of modern society is that rarely is our body in direct contact with the ground. The earth has an electrical current. Direct contact with it may be stabilizing force for good health. Although“earthing”or “grounding” is considered alternative by mainstream medicine, research shows that the pract
13、ice seems to be able to reduce heart disease risks.So, walk around barefoot wherever possible, let your backyard grass tickle your feet, and dig your toes into sandy beaches.【解题导语】本文是一篇议论文。作者通过叙述自己的经历、感受和一些研究发现，告诉人们户外活动有益于心脏。5The first paragraph is meant to _Ashow the author likes the song very much
14、Bput forward the argument of the passageCsuggest that the author loves nature crazilyDindicate the author is a Michigan nativeB解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的描述可知，作者写这段的目的是提出文章的论点。6Sunbathings good for heart because _Athe suns rays make nitric oxide workBsunlight can help people keep warmCthe suns rays can help rep
15、lace vitamin DDvitamin D reduces blood circulationA解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“One reason may be due to nitric oxide (一氧化氮), a gas whose function is activated when your skin is exposed to the suns rays. It reduces both heart attack and stroke risks.”描述可推知，日光浴对心脏有好处是因为阳光能使一氧化氮工作。7Its believed that walking throu
16、gh forests can _Amake people popular Bhelp breathe in fresh airCreduce blood pressure Dhelp escape noisy citiesC解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的“But research on 280 volunteers found that people had a reduced heart rate, and lower blood pressure when they walked through a forest than when they spent time in an urban
17、area.”描述可知，人们普遍认为在森林散步可以降低血压。8The best title of the passage should be _ANitric Oxide Has Magic FunctionsBWalking Barefoot Builds the BodyCSunbathing Is Good for HealthDOutdoor Activities Benefit the HeartD解析：标题归纳题。根据全文内容，尤其是第一段中的“Walking barefoot.for your heart.”及最后一段可知，这篇文章的主旨是户外活动有益于心脏。 完形填空Until
18、a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life. I had a 1 job that paid the bills; I had a good family that I was close to, and I had a place to live and money in the bank for trips and 2 ， and there was nothing much wrong in my life. 3 ， I was bored.I wanted more. I wanted to live 4
19、 and loudly and make sharp memories instead of the 5 ones of everyday life. But I was 6 . I had never had any 7 in myself. As a child, even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of 8 ， and even though I did get better as I got older, I never quite 9 that childhood shyness.And I tried eve
20、rything, like reading books about confidence. I also took tiny steps leading to my goals. But none of them really 10 So I 11 that the small steps werent enough. I signed up for an internship (实习期) of teaching English in Vietnam, an 12 huge step, one that 13 me as much as it excited me. And then the
21、day came and I left my home and my loved ones. I was alone in a country where the food was 14 and the streets were unfamiliar. I had no idea whether I would be able to 15 everything that this very strange environment would 16 at me.I spent five months in Vietnam, teaching, exploring and laughing. Id
22、 learned to 17 myself, my skills, my abilities and my decisions. I returned home 18 ， even to myself, let alone to others. The 19 that had controlled my life and the selfdoubt were 20 That one big chance changed everything for me, and in me.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了作者通过去异国他乡支教从而改变人生的励志故事。1A.stable BtemporaryCdi
23、fficult DdemandingA解析：根据上文中的“Until a few years ago, I had what most people would call a good life.”可推知，之前作者的生活过得不错，有收入稳定的工作，故选A。stable“稳定的”；temporary“暂时的”；demanding“要求高的”。2A.tips BrewardsCtreats DfinesC解析：根据空前的“money in the bank for trips”可推知，作者生活舒适，有出去旅游和款待他人的资金。treat在此作名词，意为“款待”。tip“小费，窍门”；reward“
24、奖赏，回报”；fine“罚款”。3A.Thus BInsteadCOtherwise DHoweverD解析：根据语境可知，空处的前后内容存在逻辑上的转折关系，故选D。thus“因此”；instead“相反”；otherwise“否则”；however“然而”。4A.easily BbrightlyCpeacefully DmodestlyB解析：根据空后的“loudly”可推知，作者对之前的美好生活并不满足，想生活得更加充满生气 (brightly)。5A.bitter BclearCgrey DsweetC解析：根据上文中的“I was bored”可推知，作者厌倦了之前单调乏味的 (gr
25、ey)生活，希望生活更加丰富多彩一些，与上文中的“make sharp memories”相呼应。6A.proud BinnocentCoutgoing DafraidD解析：根据空前的“But”以及下文中的“childhood shyness”可推知，作者内心充满了恐惧。7A.pride BconfidenceCinterest DshameB解析：根据下文中的“even buying something in a shop caused me a great deal of _”和“childhood shyness”可推知，作者一直以来都对自己缺乏信心 (confidence)，与下文中
26、的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence.”相呼应。8A.stress BexcitementCconfusion DsurpriseA解析：根据空后的“even though I did get better as I got older”可推知，在孩童时期，去商店买东西都会给作者带来很多心理负担 (stress)。9A.added to Btalked aboutCgot over Dsuffered fromC解析：根据空前的“never”可推知，作者一直都没有克服 (got over)自己孩童时期的害羞。
27、10A.continued BsurvivedCfailed DhelpedD解析：根据句中的“But”可推知，作者尽管尝试了很多方法，例如阅读有关 (提升)自信的书籍，并采取了一些小的措施，但是都无济于事 (helped)。11A.figured BpromisedCpredicted DdisagreedA解析：根据空前的“So”可推知，作者认为 (figured)小的措施是不够的。12A.equally BimpossiblyCunnecessarily DoccasionallyB解析：去越南支教对于一向缺乏自信的作者来讲的确是跨出了不可思议的一大步，故选B。13A.ignored B
28、impressedCannoyed DterrifiedD解析：此处与上文作者孩童时期的害羞以及尝试多种方法增强自信相呼应，故这样的决定让作者害怕 (terrified)，同时又使作者激动万分。14A.nice BcolorfulCstrange DinadequateC解析：由下文中的“the streets were unfamiliar”和“this very strange environment”可推知，作者身处异国他乡，对那里的食物感到陌生 (strange)。15A.doubt BhandleCquit DobtainB解析：根据语境可知，作者不知道自己是否能够应付 (handl
29、e)这个完全陌生的环境抛 (throw)给自己的一切。16A.point BthrowCshout DaimB解析：参见上题解析。throw at“朝扔”。17A.trust BenjoyCexcuse DforgiveA解析：与上文中的“And I tried everything, like reading books about confidence.”形成对比可推知，作者在越南支教期间学会了相信自己。18A.unconcerned BunsatisfiedCunchangeable DunrecognizableD解析：根据语境可推知，作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，几乎让人认不
30、出了。unconcerned“不关心的”；unsatisfied“不满意的”；unchangeable“不可改变的”；unrecognizable“认不出来的”。19A.fear BrespectCcourage DangerA解析：由空后的“controlled my life”和“the selfdoubt”可推知，作者之前的生活被害怕 (fear)控制，与上文中的“that childhood shyness”呼应。20A.picked up Bforgotten aboutCworn off Dput offC解析：作者从越南回来之后，发生了巨大的变化，自信满满，自我怀疑逐渐消失 (worn off)。