1、课时分层作业(十六).单词拼写1Smoking and alcohol drinking injure ones health a great deal，and therefore (因此)should be given up.2Flooding is likely in some coastal region (地区) of the northeast during the early part of the week.3We plant trees every year so as to protect the soil (土壤) on the hill.4This kind of sta
2、mp is designed (设计) by some students who are learning art at our university.5Youd better practice swimming in a shallow (浅的)pool.6Fish and chips，often wrapped(包) in a piece of paper，are still a favourite among English diners.7As is known to us all，the rare vase dates back to the Ming Dynasty(朝代)8A h
3、ealthy soil reduces disease and helps crops(作物) grow strong and healthy.阅读理解ASpring lifts our spirits.Its a time for Nature to bring us back to life after a cold season.I live not far from the Kairaku Park，which is one of the largest gardens in Japan，and famous for its nearly 1,000 plum(梅子)trees.I a
4、m fortunate to have them all outside my backyard(后院)，and take advantage of the walking paths daily.I see the same trees and swans(天鹅)every day，but that day was different.At the edge of the small lake，I saw some newborn black swans.They were pretty and cute.They stayed with their mom.While taking a f
5、ew photos of the sunset，I was interrupted(打断)by a high sound going on for some time.So，I turned around and saw one little swan was stuck by two stones.Its mother was trying to make it out but failed.I tried to get near but the mother was ever so angry! She wouldnt allow me to get close，so I turned t
6、o an old man sitting on the bench.He helped me and shooed the mother away with an effort.I was able to get there and push the little swan out of the gap.Oh，I really hoped it wasnt injured，but at least it was alive and swimming!In spring，I become more physically active.Things around dont make us，but
7、Nature does，and it keeps us going.I am positive that all of us have a little piece of nature in our own neighborhoods；Somewhere we will be reminded why natural life is so importantbecause we grow with it! Personally，I am happy that baby birds can put a smile on my face! I struggle for having a small
8、 number of “things” in life，and being filled with simple realityat one with Nature.【语篇解读】本文是一篇记叙文。作者居住在日本著名的Kairaku Park 附近，她热爱大自然，有一天散步的时候救助了一只小天鹅。1What can we know about the author from Paragraph 1?AHer favorite season is spring.BShe enjoys doing outdoor sports.CHer backyard is filled with plum tr
9、ees.DShe is satisfied with her living environment.D推理判断题。根据第一段“which is one of the largest gardens .I am fortunate to have them .take advantage of the walking paths daily.”可推知，作者很满意自己的居住环境。2What does the underlined part“shooed the mother away” in Paragraph 3 mean?AFed the mother.BDrove away the moth
10、er.CHelped the mother calm down.DPushed the mother out of the gap.B词义猜测题。根据第二段“I tried to get near but the mother.so I turned to an old man sitting on the bench.”以及第三段“He helped me.I was able to get there and push the little swan out of the gap.”可知是老人把天鹅妈妈赶开了，作者才能过去把小天鹅推出缝隙。3What makes us more physi
11、cally active according to the author?ANature.BKindness.CThe garden.DThe things around.A细节理解题。根据最后一段“In spring，I become more physically active.Things around dont make us，but Nature does.”可知，是自然使得作者更活跃。BThe Lifecycle of a TshirtWe all probably have a lot of Tshirts，but do you ever stop and think about
12、 the influence of a Tshirt on the planet? Youd probably be surprised to learn whats involved in the lifecycle of just one Tshirt.There are 5 major stages：material，production，shipping，use and disposal.The material stage involves farming，irrigating，fertilizing，harvesting and ginning(轧花)While cotton is
13、 a natural fiber (纤维)and not as harmful to the environment as manmade fibers，it still takes a toll in the material and production stages.Commercial cotton farming uses a large amount of water，and the use of pesticides (杀虫剂)is widespread across the globe，especially in cotton farming.Studies have show
14、n that farmers spend around $4.1 billion on pesticides annually，of which 25% was spent on cotton crops in the US.Once the cotton is grown and harvested，so begins the production stage：spinning，knitting(编织)，bleaching，dyeing，cutting，sewing，etc.these processes also use a great deal of water and energy.C
15、ommercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.After the Tshirt is produced，it enters the transportation stage.This often involves overseas shipping.Take a look in your closet.Chances are that most of your cotton garments (衣服)are made in China or India.Garm
16、ents can be shipped via plane，ship or truck.，all of which spill CO2 into the atmosphere.Calculations show that CO2 emissions from light trucks alone amount to 1.15 pounds per mile.Once the Tshirt reaches the retail market，it is purchased.This stage may seem like the least environmentally damaging pa
17、rt.But consider the number of times youve washed and dried your favorite Tshirt.Washing machines are certainly becoming more efficient.However，the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year，using about 40 gallons of water per load.Such excessive water use is combined with the larg
18、e amount of energy used by dryers.The final stage of its life is disposal.This releases harmful emissions，or involves a landfill where cotton takes years to break down.Current US records show that an estimated 15% of clothes and shoes are recycled，which means that consumers send a shocking 85% of th
19、ese materials to landfills.We all need new clothes every once in a while，but lets all try to keep in mind what goes into the production of clothing.It has a real impact on the planet.There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact.Reuse and recycle clothes.If theyre too worn out to w
20、ear，cut them up and use them as cleaning rags.Donate them to charity or another organization that recycles textiles.When possible，make an effort to buy organic cotton.Turn down the thermostat(恒温器) on your washer，and line dry your clothes when the weather will allow it.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍T恤从原材料生产到运
21、输，再到使用以及处理的过程中对环境造成的危害，呼吁人们要从自身穿衣开始为环保做贡献。4The underlined phrase “takes a toll” probably means “ ”Awastes waterBtakes a lot of timeCuses energyDhas a bad effectD词义理解题。根据文章第二段开头可知，一件T恤要经历五个步骤：原材料，生产，运输，使用和处理，原材料的生产阶段又包括播种，灌溉，施肥，收获和轧棉这几步。再根据第三句“While cotton is a natural fiber (纤维)and not as harmful to
22、 the environment as manmade fibers，it still takes a toll in the material and production stages.”可知，虽然棉花是自然纤维，不像人造纤维一样对环境有害。可知下面讲的是棉花对环境也有影响。5We can learn from the passage that in the US， .Apesticides in cotton farming cost over 4 billion dollars every yearBCO2 emissions of land transport amount to 1
23、.15 pounds per mileCabout 15% of the clothes and shoes are made of materials that are recycledDabout 16,000 gallons of water is used annually by an average family on laundryD细节理解题。根据第五段“However，the average American household does 400 loads of laundry per year，using about 40 gallons of water per load
24、.”可知，每年一个美国家庭平均要洗400次衣服，每次要用大约40加仑水，所以4040016,000加仑。6What can be inferred from this passage?AThe production process may affect water safety.BThe clothing cost is relatively low in China and India.CCotton clothes are buried because they are hard to break down.DThe use stage is the least environmental
25、ly harmful of the five stages.A推理判断题。根据文章第三段“.these processes also use a great deal of water and energy.Commercial dyes and bleaches are harmful pollutants and can eventually pollute groundwater.”可知，生产过程费水费电。而印染原料和漂白剂是有害的污染物，会严重污染地下水。7What is the purpose of this article?ATo encourage people to donat
26、e clothes to charity.BTo promote ecofriendly actions related to clothes.CTo persuade people to purchase more organic cotton.DTo introduce the five stages in the lifecycle of clothing.B写作意图题。根据文章最后一段第一句“There are a lot of things you can do to help reduce your impact.”可知，本文主旨是列举很多我们可以做的环保的事情。所以文章的写作意图
27、是提高人们的环保意识，为环保做出自己的贡献。.阅读七选五One of the most important decisions an American parent has to make is where to place his or her child into school.It is the second most important decision you will make as a parent，apart from deciding to have children in the first place. 1 So parents must think twice befo
28、re making a choice. 2 Some of these points are having a strong teacher and child relationship，ensuring the school you choose is skillful in Math and English studies，and picking a school your child is comfortable with.The connection between a child and a teacher is more important than any course.Thin
29、k of it this way：your 3 or 4yearold is used to being around by loving people like parents or brothers and sisters all over the day，and the school is your childs first time to spend a large amount of his day away from those people. 3 He or she takes pride in his or her students progress，and is always
30、 open to their improvement.English and Math ability is the key to a successful academic(学术的)career. 4 Pick a school that has shown a perfect history of student academic success in these subjects.If a school is good at teaching these basic skills，then there is a good chance that your child will benef
31、it from it.Another thing to remember is the childrens feelings.Children are more perceptive (感知的) than you may realize.They hardly have the ability to successfully communicate their real thoughts to adults. 5 AIt s also important to let children be independent.BSchools will have a great influence on
32、 childrens future.CMany schools spend lots of energy in choosing good teachers.DChoosing schools is a very personal decision that is based on many points.EIt is okay to ask about a schools success rate in these two important areas.FSo its necessary to look for a preschool teacher who is good with st
33、udents.GSo adults should ask children how they feel about the school and listen carefully.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了美国父母为孩子选择启蒙学校的标准。1B此空设于段中，与下一句存在因果关系。该句阐述了选学校的重要性，下一句用so表明结果：家长在做选择时要三思而行。2D此空设于段首，是本段主题句。从后面的句子“Some of these points are.”可以看出，本段主要介绍了选学校时的依据，都是在对该主题句作具体的阐释。3F此空设于段中，是一个过渡句。首先，根据整段的内容可大概推知本句讲述的应该是找个好老师的重要性；其次，下一句对好老师的具体标准作了详细解释。由此可推知答案。4E此空设于段中，与上一句之间存在逻辑上的指代关系。该句中的“these two important areas”指代的是上文中的“English and Math”。5G此空设于段尾，是一个总结句，跟本段的主题句首尾呼应，都在强调：我们要关注孩子的感受，聆听他们的想法。