1、天津市河西区2021届高三英语下学期总复习质量调查（三模）试题（含解析）第卷(选择题，共95分)第一部分：英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节：单项填空（共l5小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。1. Have you been wasting time on computer games again?_ Ive been studying a lot and I need a break.A. No wayB. Not reallyC. I dont agreeD. I couldnt agree more【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查
2、交际用语。句意：你又浪费时间玩电脑游戏了吗？不完全是。我一直在学习，需要休息一下。A. No way没门；B. Not really不完全是；C. I dont agree我不同意；D. I couldnt agree more我完全同意。根据句意和空后的Ive been studying a lot and I need a break.可知，第二个人不是一直在玩游戏。故选B。2. The driver was at _ loss when _word came that he was forbidden to drive for speeding.A. a; /B. a; theC. th
3、e; theD. /; /【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查冠词。句意：当他因为超速被禁止驾驶这样的消息来的时候，司机不知所措。固定搭配：at a loss“困惑，不知所措”。句中word的意思是“消息”，此时word用作不可数名词，因此前面不加冠词。故选A。3. The police had to_ force to enter the building because the criminal had locked the gate.A. employB. emptyC. enlargeD. enlighten【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词辨析。句意：警察不得不使用武力进入
4、这个建筑物，因为那个罪犯锁上了大门。employ使用，利用；empty把弄空；enlarge扩大；enlighten启发，教化。根据下文“罪犯锁上了大门”可推断，警察不得不使用武力进入。故选A。【点睛】4. The computers made by our company sell wellbut several years ago no one could have imagined the role in the market that they_.A. has playedB. were to playC. had playedD. played【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态。句意
5、：我们公司生产的电脑卖得很好，但是几年前没有人能想象到它将在市场中扮演的角色。were to do是过去将来时，表示过去想象电脑将会起到的作用，前面的imagine决定了后面要跟一个将要发生的动作。故选B。5. Look at this years sales figures_ last years；theyre much better.A. betweenB. fromC. withD. against【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查介词。句意：看看今年的销售数字和去年的相比，它们好多了。A.between在中间，介于之间；B.from从起，始于；C.with和；同；D.against
6、与相比。根据“theyre much better”可知，此处是指今年的销售数字和去年的相比。故选D。6. A dogs eating habit requires regular training before it is _ established.A. properlyB. widelyC. originallyD. temporarily【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查副词辨析。句意：在狗的饮食习惯被正确地建立之前，需要定期的训练。A. properly正确地；B. widely广泛地；C. originally最初；D. temporarily临时地。狗的饮食习惯不可能是被“广泛地、最
7、初地、临时地”建立，故选A。7. In the Chinese market, many foreign brands, _ their reputations over decades, are facing new challenges due to COVID-19.A. being developedB. developingC. having developedD. developed【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：在中国市场上，许多已经发展了其声誉超过几十年的外国品牌，正因COVID-19而面临新的挑战。句中有逗号分隔，没有连词，要用非谓语动词作定语；develop
8、与逻辑主语brands构成主谓关系，要用表示主动的现在分词，排除A、D项；根据over decades可推断，develop的动作发生在谓语动词face之前，要用现在分词的完成式，排除B项。故选C。8. Their team is so powerful that we have very_chance to win, but we will try our best.A. thinB. lightC. rareD. slim【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：他们的球队实力很强，我们取胜的机会很小，但我们会尽力的。A. thin瘦的；B. light轻的；C. rar
9、e稀有的；D. slim微小的。根据“chance to win”可知，此处指“取胜的机会很小”，故选D。9. If you don t have a guide,you_ lose your way.A. mustB. dareC. shouldD. could【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查情态动词词义辨析。句意：如果你没有向导，你会迷路的。A. nust必须；B. dare敢；C. should应该；D. could能，可以，可能。由语意可知，没有导游的话你就可能迷路，另一层含义就是也有可能不会迷路，因此要使用情态动词表推测的这一用法。故选D项。10. Sorry, I have to_
10、now. It s time for class.OK. itll call back later.A. give upB. hang upC. hold upD. break up【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：很抱歉我要挂电话了，上课时间到了。好的，一会我再打回去。A. give up 放弃；B. hang up 挂断电话；C.hold up 坚持住； D. break up 解散。根据回答当中的call back可知双方是在通电话，所以选择与打电话有关的词语。故选B。 11. Lydia, what did our head-teacher say just now?
11、Every boy and every girl as well as the teachers who _ to lead the group _ asked to be at the school gate before 6:30 in the morning.A. is; isB. are; areC. are; isD. is; are【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致。莉迪亚，我们班主任刚才说什么了?要求每个男孩和女孩以及带队的老师在早上六点半以前到校门口。第一空是定语从句中的谓语动词，这个定语从句的先行词是the teachers，所以谓语动词使用复数形式。第二空是主句的谓语动
12、词，句子的主语是Every boy and every girl，所以谓语动词使用单数形式。因为every/each/no+单数名词+ every/each/no做主语的时候，谓语动词使用单数形式。故C正确。12. Though it is 5 years_ he retired from his work place, the old professor remains active in the academic circles.A whenB. thatC. beforeD. since【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定句型和连词辨析。句意：虽然自从他退休已经5年了，但这位老教授
13、在学术界仍然很活跃。A. when当；B. that那个，连词；C. before在.之前；D. since自从。“ It is+一段时间+since+一般过去时”是固定句型，表示“自从以来多长时间”，根据句意，故选D。【点睛】13. It is generally agreed that new contents should be added to a good dictionary at regular_.A. gapsB. intervalsC. lengthD. distance【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：一本好词典应该定期添加新内容，这是大家一致同意的
14、。A. gap缺口；裂缝；间隔期；B. intervals（时间上的）间隔；C. length长度；D. distance距离。结合语境可知，“new contents”应是指随着时代发展而出现的“新词”，随时会出现，因此应及时定期更新词典内容。“at intervals”，固定短语，意为“每隔一段时间”，符合语境搭配。故选B项。14. Swimming is good for teenagers, _ some experts say will help them to stimulate their potential and promote their brain development
15、.A. whichB. whyC. WhomD. what【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非限制性定语从句。句意：游泳对青少年有好处，一些专家说，这将帮助他们激发潜能，促进他们的大脑发展。分析句子成分可知，“_ some experts say will help them to.”为非限制性定语从句，修饰整个主句“Swimming is good for teenagers(游泳对青少年有好处)”，所设空处可译为“这件事/这一点”，并在该句中充当宾语从句中的主语，故应用which，故选A。15. One of the proudest moments in my life is _ I
16、 was rewarded for my courage after saving a drowning child.A. thatB. whenC. whatD. which【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查连接词。句意：我一生中最值得骄傲的时刻之一，是在救了一个溺水儿童后，我的勇气得到了回报。本句为表语从句，从句中缺少时间状语，故用when引导。故选B。第二节：完形填空(共20小题：每小题1.5分,满分30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意,然后从16-35题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.As she pulled herself over the summit of EI Capi
17、tan, Emily Harrington knew she had made history.It wasnt _16_.The US climber had powered on through the dark and dealt with a deep cut to her head to become the first woman to free _17_ the difficult route in under 24 hours.Id just_18_ what it would be like and it was pretty much exactly what l pict
18、ured, “Harrington said excitedly.It was incredibly quiet. It was super _19_.All the stars were out. It was just this really peaceful experience. I keep telling people that when great sporting_20_ happen, a lot of times theres an_21_ or theres a stadium. With climbing, its not so much like that. It w
19、as just this really_22_ special moment in this magical place. And its something Ill never_23_.Free climbers use just their hands and feet to climb, with a rope to_24_ them if they fall. Such a dangerous and_25_ life-threatening_26_ requires years of preparation, both mentally and physically.Harringt
20、on had climbed this particular_27_ over the course of six days in 2015 and had, _28_ tried three times to complete it within 24 hours.However an attempt last year ended in_29_ after Harrington, fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架), and_30_ concussion (脑震荡).It was very_31_. It was very serious
21、initially and it_32_ that I got really lucky and I did not suffer any long-term_33_，”she added.Is definitely a mental struggle, coming over that hurdle, coming back into this year and_34_ again. Finally she_35_ it.16. A. crazyB. easyC. skepticalD. casual17. A. climbB. runC. cycleD. walk18. A. studie
22、dB. plannedC. scheduledD. imagined19. A. cheerfulB. excitingC. darkD. fearful20. A. improvementsB. achievementsC. surroundingsD. reports21. A. actorB. organizerC. officialD. audience22. A. quietB. calmC. silentD. still23. A. predictB. discoverC. experienceD. forget24. A. throwB. fetchC. catchD. move
23、25. A. consequentlyB. potentiallyC. hardlyD. finally26. A. challengeB. obstacleC. troubleD. barrier27. A. routeB. cornerC. rockD. road28. A. frequentlyB. subsequentlyC. smoothlyD. rarely29. A. sadnessB. doubtC. disasterD. anxiety30. A. obtainedB. acquiredC. affectedD. suffered31. A. scaryB. disappoi
24、ntedC. activeD. funny32. A. figured outB. found outC. turned outD. brought out33. A. failuresB. woundsC. damagesD. injuries34. A. defeatingB. tryingC. exploringD. competing35. A. abandonedB. missedC. madeD. controlled【答案】16. B 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. B 21. D 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. B 26. A 27. A 28. B 2
25、9. C 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. D 34. B 35. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了Harrington成功攀顶EI Capitan，成为在24小时内自由攀爬这条艰难路线的第一位女性。【16题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这并不容易。A. crazy疯狂的；B. easy容易的；C. skeptical怀疑的；D. casual偶然的。根据“The US climber had powered on through the dark and dealt with a deep cut to her head”可知，攀登EI Capitan的顶峰并不
26、是一件容易的事。故选B。【17题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这位美国登山者在黑暗中前行，头部带着一道深深的伤口，成为了24小时内第一个自由攀登这条艰难路线的女性。”A. climb爬，攀登；B. run跑；C. cycle骑自行车；D. walk步行。根据下文“Harrington had climbed this particular_12_ over the course of six days in 2015”可知，此处是攀登，故选A。【18题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：哈林顿兴奋地说：“我只是想象了一下那会是什么样子，和我想象的差不多。”A. studied学习；B. planne
27、d计划；C. scheduled安排；D. imagined想象。同本句中的“pictured”的同义，都是想象，故选D。【19题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当时超级黑。A. cheerful愉快的；B. exciting令人兴奋的；C. dark黑暗的；D. fearful可怕的。根据下文“All the stars were out.”可知，是晚上，故选C。【20题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我一直告诉人们，当伟大的体育成就发生时，很多时候会有观众或体育场。A. improvements提高；B. achievements成就；C. surroundings环境；D. reports
28、报道。根据语境及“great”可知，此处指伟大的体育成就，故选B。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. actor演员；B. organizer组织者；C. official官员；D. audience观众。根据下文“theres a stadium”及语境可知，当伟大的体育成就发生时，应该有观众见证，故选D。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：只是在这个神奇的地方，一个非常安静特别的时刻。A. quiet安静的；B. calm镇静的；C. silent沉默的；D. still静止的，不动的。根据上文“It was incredibly quiet.”和“With climbin
29、g, its not so much like that.”可知，爬山取得成就，与体育的成就不同，山顶上没有其他人，所以此刻很安静，故选A。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这是我永远不会忘记的。A. predict预测；B. discover发现；C. experience经历；D. forget忘记。根据上文“special moment in this magical place”可知，此处指永远不会忘记，故选D。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：自由攀登者仅用手和脚攀爬，如果他们坠落，还有一根绳子接住他们。A. throw扔；B. fetch取来；C. catch抓住；D. m
30、ove移动。根据本句中的“a rope”和“if they fall”可知，此处如果他们掉下去，用绳子“抓住”他们，故选C。【25题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：这样一个危险的、可能危及生命的挑战需要多年的心理和身体上的准备。A. consequently因此，结果；B. potentially潜在地，可能，地；C. hardly几乎不；D. finally最后。根据“dangerous”可知，自由攀登非常危险，可能对生命有威胁，故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. challenge挑战；B. obstacle障碍；C. trouble麻烦；D. barrier障碍。根据“
31、life-threatening”和“requires years of preparation”可知，自由攀登是一项挑战，故选A。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：2015年，哈林顿花了六天时间爬上了这条路线，后来又尝试了三次，想在24小时内完成。A. route路线；B. corner角落；C. rock岩石；D. road马路。根据上文“to become the first woman to free _2_ the difficult route in under 24 hours.”可知，此处指攀登这条路线，故选A。【28题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. frequen
32、tly经常；B. subsequently随后；C. smoothly顺利地；D. rarely很少。根据前后可知，此处是时间上的先后关系，故选B。29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，去年的一次尝试却以灾难告终，哈林顿从50英尺的高空坠落，头部撞在了壁架上，造成脑震荡。A. sadness悲伤；B. doubt怀疑；C. disaster灾难；D. anxiety焦虑。根据下文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge(岩架), and_15_ concussion (脑震荡)”可知，去年的尝试以灾难告终，故选C。【30题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上
33、。A. obtained获得；B. acquired取得；C. affected影响；D. suffered遭受，患病根据上文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架)”可知，此处是患上脑震荡。故选D。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：太可怕了。A. scary可怕的；B. disappointed失望的；C. active活跃的；D. funny有趣的。根据上文“fell 50 feet, hit her head on a ledge (岩架), and_15_ concussion (脑震荡) ”和下文“It was very serio
34、us initially”可知，此处是可怕的，故选A。【32题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：一开始我的伤势很严重，后来发现我真的很幸运，没有遭受任何长期的伤害。”A. figured out想出；B. found out查明；C. turned out最后是；D. brought out生产。根据上文“It was very serious initially”可知，最后是幸运的，故选C。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。A. failures失败；B. wounds伤口；C. damages损坏；D. injuries伤痛。根据上文“fell 50 feet, hit her hea
35、d on a ledge (岩架), and_15_ concussion (脑震荡)”和“It was very serious initially”可知，此处是没遭受长期的损伤，injury常指意外事故造成的损伤，故选D。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这绝对是一种心理斗争，要跨过这个障碍，回到今年再试一次。A. defeating击败；B. trying尝试；C. exploring探索；D. competing竞争。根据下文的“again”可知，此处是再一次尝试，故选B。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：她终于做到了。A. abandoned放弃；B. missed错过；C.
36、 made使成功；D. controlled控制。根据前文可知，她最后成功登上了EI Capitan，“make it”意为“成功做到”故选C。第二部分：阅读理解(共20小题：每小题2.5分，满分50分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、 C、 D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AProm tradition comes to UKProms (正式舞会) are big news in Britain these days. A school prom is a formal party to celebrate an important date at school such as the en
37、d of secondary school or after completing school exams. A secondary school prom often involves a big party, big dresses and huge cars.Prom partiesProms are held in June or July, around the end of exam time. The idea is to lave fin with your school friends and celebrate your time and achievements at
38、school. Some schools hold a luxury party in a five-star hotel. Others have a more basic dinner in the school hall. The school can organize the prom or they can pay a professional organization to arrange it. A prom organizer provides everything for the special event including the party location, ball
39、oons, food, music, cars and clothes.Clothes and beautyYoung people like to dress up for their prom. On prom night girls swap their school uniform for an elegant evening dress and high heels. Boys usually dress up in a suit with a tie and smart shoes. The right hairstyle and makeup are important too.
40、 Some beauty salons offer a special “prom deal” which includes hair, makeup, eyelashes, nails and a spray tan (喷雾染肤色). A tan is fashionable with both boys and girls.MoneyThe school prom is big business; the average prom costs parents over200 per teenager. Not all families have money to spend on thei
41、r teenagers prom, of course. Some teenagers work part-tine to cover their prom expenses. Popular jobs include babysitting,shop work and working as a waiter or waitress.An American traditionNot long ago most British schools didnt have school proms. They probably had a simple school disco at the end o
42、f term. Now, more than 85 percent of schools in Britain have a prom. However, the modern British school prom is not popular with some parents of teenagers. Many adults see the prom as an import from the USA. They say that American TV programs and films such as High School Musial have a big influence
43、 on their kids.36. What do we know about proms?A. Proms are casual parties for close friends.B. Proms are held to celebrate the beginning of a new term.C. Proms can be held in different places.D. Proms are usually organized by students parents.37. How do students usually dress up for proms?A. They w
44、ear school uniforms.B. They wear strange clothes with heavy makeup.C. They dress up in casual clothes with light makeup.D. They dress up formally with the right hairstyle.38. Why do some teenagers work par-time before the proms?A. To experience the working environment.B. To pay for prom expenses.C.
45、To help cover their families expenses.D. To support businesses that organized their proms.39. Why do some parents of British teenagers dislike modern British school proms according to the last paragraph?A. Proms are too expensive for them.B. Proms have replaced the school disco.C. Proms were taken f
46、rom American culture.D. Proms influence their kids learning.【答案】36. C 37. D 38. B 39. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了现在青少年比较重视的毕业舞会以及毕业舞会学生们都会准备什么东西。【36题详解】细节理解题。根据Prom parties中的“Some schools hold a luxury party in a five-star hotel. Others have a more basic dinner in the school hall. (有些学校在五星级酒店举办豪华派对。其他
47、人在学校礼堂吃更基本的晚餐。)”可知，舞会可以在五星级酒店举办，也可以在学校礼堂举办，说明舞会可以在不同的地方举行。故选C。【37题详解】细节理解题。根据Clothes and beauty中的“On prom night girls swap their school uniform for an elegant evening dress and high heels. Boys usually dress up in a suit with a tie and smart shoes. The right hairstyle and makeup are important too. (
48、在毕业舞会之夜，女孩们脱掉校服，换上优雅的晚礼服和高跟鞋。男孩通常穿西装，打领带，穿漂亮的鞋子。正确的发型和妆容也很重要。)”可知，学生们通常穿着正式，发型得体地去参加毕业舞会。故选D。【38题详解】细节理解题。根据Money中的“Some teenagers work part-tine to cover their prom expenses. (一些青少年兼职工作来支付毕业舞会的费用。)”可知，一些青少年在毕业舞会前做兼职工作来支付舞会的费用。故选B。【39题详解】细节理解题。根据An American tradition中的“However, the modern British sc
49、hool prom is not popular with some parents of teenagers. Many adults see the prom as an import from the USA. They say that American TV programs and films such as High School Musial have a big influence on their kids. (然而，现代英国学校的舞会并不受一些青少年家长的欢迎。许多成年人认为舞会是从美国进口的。他们说，美国电视节目和电影，如歌舞青春对他们的孩子有很大的影响。)”可知，英国
50、青少年的父母不喜欢现代英国学校的舞会，是因为舞会是来自美国文化。故选C。BWhile every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly,scientists have always been a little doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence.For their stu
51、dy. biologist Corson Miller and his team exposes eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy. Half the dogs were rewarded for touching the screen when shown a happy face, while the other half got their treat for selecting those that appeared angry.Interestingly,th
52、e dogs were not provided with the entire face. Some dogs were shown only upper halves while the others observed lower halves. Thats because the scientists believe humans show their emotions on their entire face.After some training like how to recognize small differences like the wrinkles between the
53、 eyes or the changes in their shape that accompany the happy or angry expressions, the dogs were mostly able to identify the correct expression not only on a familiar face but on a strange face. The researchers concluded the dogs were smart enough to read human emotions.They also found those being t
54、rained to read angry expressions took a longer time to learn. They guess it may be because dogs find angry faces disgusting, causing them to withdraw quickly. However, once the smart dogs realized they were getting rewarded, the trepidation seemed to disappear. In fact, the dogs had such a good time
55、 playing the computer game. That scientists had a hard time keeping them away from the touch screens after the study was completed.The researchers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touch-screen models were all females, this
56、confirmed what has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender as their owner.40. How did the scientists conduct the experiment?A. By leaving dogs to women who are either happy or angry.B. By mixing the selected dogs toge
57、ther.C. By rewarding only half of the dogs touching the screenD. By showing digital pictures of womens happy or angry faces.41. The underlined word Trepidation in Paragraph s probably means _.A. fear and hesitationB. curiosity and eagernessC. excitement and happinessD. doubt and sadness42. According
58、 to the last paragraph, dogs with female owners _.A. are fond of the male facesB. are uninterested in telling the emotions on the entire facesC. have difficulty telling the moods on the faces of malesD. can only recognize emotions of females43. What is the best title for this passage?A. Mood Changes
59、 Influence DogsB. Dogs Identify the MoodsC. Dogs and Their OwnersD. Dogs Mood Research44. Where might this passage come from?A. A science report.B. A cooking book.C. Childrens story.D. A travel journal.【答案】40. D 41. A 42. C 43. B 44. A【解析】【分析】本文为说明文。作者主要介绍了最新的实验发现，即狗能够识别人的面部表情的变化。【40题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段的
60、第一句话“For their study biologist Corson Miller and his team exposed eleven selected dogs to digital images of women that were either angry or happy.( 为了他们的研究，生物学家科森米勒和他的团队向11只挑选出来的狗展示了要么愤怒要么快乐的女性的数字图像) ”可知，这次实验是通过给那些狗看一些女士生气或高兴的图片来进行的。故选D项。【41题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文“They guess it may be because dogs find angry
61、 faces disgusting, causing them to back away quickly.(他们猜测，这可能是因为狗觉得愤怒的脸令人恶心，所以它们会迅速后退)”可知，生气的面庞会使狗害怕而立刻远离，而划线单词所在句 “However”说明前后是转折关系，因此可推知划线单词所在句“the trepidation seemed to disappear”表达狗不再害怕，即害怕或恐惧消失。因此“the trepidation”可理解为选项A项“fear and hesitation(恐惧和犹豫)”的意思。故选A项。【42题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段内容“The researc
62、hers also noticed only dogs with a male owner had a harder time understanding the expressions correctly. Since the touch-screen models were all females, this confirmed what has been observed in previous studies dogs are more efficient at reading facial expressions of people that are the same gender
63、as their owner.(研究人员还注意到，只有男性主人的狗更难正确理解这些表达。由于触屏模型都是女性，这证实了之前的研究所观察到的，狗能更有效地解读与主人性别相同的人的面部表情)”可知，狗擅长识别与自己主人性别相同的人的表情，由此推断让主人是女性的狗来辨别男性面部表情的图片是比较困难的。故选C项。【43题详解】主旨大意题。文章结构为总分结构，第一段提出本文的中心话题。根据第一段内容“While every dog owner knows their dogs can read their moods perfectly, scientists have always been a li
64、ttle doubtful. Now thanks to some researchers at the University of Veterinary Medicine in Vienna, Austria, we finally have some convincing evidence.(尽管每个狗的主人都知道他们的狗能很好地读懂他们的情绪，但科学家们一直有点怀疑。现在，感谢奥地利维也纳兽医大学的一些研究人员，我们终于有了一些令人信服的证据)”以及下文的解释说明可知，文章主要介绍了最新的实验发现，狗能够识别人的面部表情变化。因此推断选项B“Dogs Identify the Moods
65、”合理概括了文章主题，可作最佳标题。故选B项。【44题详解】推断判断题。第一段提出文章的主旨，即每个狗的主人都知道他们的狗能很好地读懂他们的情绪，但科学家们一直有点怀疑。现在，有证据表明这是正确的，接着在下文证明了这一点。因此推断，文章可能来自一份科学报告。故选A项。CAfter graduating as a graphic design major in 2018, Chen Minlin didnt hunt for a job that fits it, but became a trekker (远足者).“Completing different trekking routes i
66、s like collecting cards in childhooda lot of fun,”the 24-year-old told China Daily.Like Chen, more young people are going on journeys to rediscover the simple and beneficial joys of walking. According to Youxiake, a Hangzhoubased tour operator, more than 140,000 travelers signed up for trekking trip
67、s from May I to Oct 31. This represents a 9.3 percent increase over the same period last year.For most trekkers, exploring nature by foot can help them keep fit. Hiking or trekking in nature enables them to breathe fresh air, gives the whole body a workout and keeps them away from the crowds in urba
68、n public places, making for a tranquil experience.“I felt hat exposure 10 nature and physical exhaustion helped me counteract the negative effects of my distress (痛苦) at that time, Zhang Peng, 33, co-founder of Bejing Hiking Club, said.Trekking is a liberating experience to enjoy the tranquility. in
69、 the wilderness. And the exhausting climb makes me feel he vigor of life.Trekking has, indeed, been integrated into his lifestyle. With great passion, Zhang has gone on many classic routes across the country. The longest trail hes ever finished was 240 kilometers.With poor internet access in the wil
70、d, it encourages people to chat and interact with one another on the long walks along the rails. Zhang enjoys the social interaction, and the friendships it brings about.For Liu Yanli, also a trekker, what she cherishes most is that the activity brings her mental strength.Until this year, her life h
71、ad always run smoothly and lacked hardship. She craved the sense of achievement that can be felt after overcoming the difficulties offered by trekking.Ever since 2013, shes trekked in may countries, including Nepal, Japan, Greece, New Zealand, Italy and Jordan. In one situation, she fell she was at
72、the point of collapsing, but she carried on. I was impressed and moved by my willpower. Id never experienced that felling in my daily life,Liu said.Its perhaps this unusual felling that appeals to more youths.“Each tine when I came back from a trip, the contrast between the harsh conditions in the w
73、ild and my cozy home helps to strengthen my happiness in everyday life. Liu added.45. Why is Chen Minlins experience mentioned in the beginning of the text?A. To suggest a different graduation celebration.B. To recommend some popular trekking routes.C. To show the popularity and appeal of trekking.D
74、. To inform the readers of the features of trekking.46. What does the underlined word counteract in paragraph 5 probably mean?A. Get rid of.B. Think of.C. Become aware of.D. Take advantage of.47. What do paragraphs 4-11 talk about?A. Opposite views toward trekking.B. The importance of exploring natu
75、re.C. The benefits of trekking.D. A comparison of some peoples trekking trips.48. What about trekking that fascinates Liu Yanli most?A. It allows her to meet different people.B. It is a good way for her to release stress.C. It enables her to stay in shape.D. It gives her a strong sense of achievemen
76、t.49. What is the best title of this passage?A. Hiking ClubB. Outdoor childrens gamesC. Happiness in childhoodD. Top motivations for hiking【答案】45. C 46. A 47. C 48. D 49. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了远足的流行以及好处，以不同人物的经历和收获描述了远足给人带来的益处。【45题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段“After graduating as a graphic design major in 2018, C
77、hen Minlin didnt hunt for a job that fits it, but became a trekker (远足者).（陈敏林(音译)2018年从平面设计专业毕业后，并没有去找适合自己的工作，而是成为了一名徒步旅行者）”，和第二段“Completing different trekking routes is like collecting cards in childhooda lot of fun,（完成不同的徒步路线就像小时候收集卡片一样有趣）”以及第三段中“Like Chen, more young people are going on journeys
78、to rediscover the simple and beneficial joys of walking.（和陈敏林一样，越来越多的年轻人开始踏上旅途，重新发现步行的简单而有益的乐趣）”可知，文章用陈敏林的经历来表现远足的流行以及吸引力。故选C。【46题详解】词义猜测题。根据上一段“For most trekkers, exploring nature by foot can help them keep fit. Hiking or trekking in nature enables them to breathe fresh air, gives the whole body a
79、workout and keeps them away from the crowds in urban public places, making for a tranquil experience.（对大多数徒步旅行者来说，徒步探索大自然可以帮助他们保持健康。在大自然中徒步旅行能让他们呼吸新鲜空气，锻炼全身，远离城市公共场所的人群，享受一种宁静的体验）”可知，这里是接触大自然和体力衰竭可以让我免受痛苦的负面影响，即让我快乐，也对应下面的enjoy the tranquility，所以划线词的意思是“去除，除掉”。故选A。【47题详解】主旨大意题。第4段讲了远足的好处，第57段讲了张鹏的经历
80、和收获，811段讲了刘艳丽远足的收获。可知411段讲了远足对不同人的好处。故选C。【48题详解】细节理解题。根据第八段“For Liu Yanli, also a trekker, what she cherishes most is that the activity brings her mental strength.（对于同样是徒步旅行者的刘艳丽来说，她最珍惜的是活动给她带来了精神力量）”可知，她觉得她最喜欢的远足带给她的是mental strength，再根据下一段“Until this year, her life had always run smoothly and lacke
81、d hardship. She craved the sense of achievement that can be felt after overcoming the difficulties offered by trekking.（直到今年，她的生活一直很顺利，没有什么困难。她渴望克服徒步旅行所带来的困难后所能获得的成就感）”可知，她渴求成就感。故选D。【49题详解】主旨大意题。根据最后一段“Its perhaps this unusual felling that appeals to more youths.Each tine when I came back from a tri
82、p, the contrast between the harsh conditions in the wild and my cozy home helps to strengthen my happiness in everyday life.Liu added.（也许正是这种不寻常的感觉吸引了更多的年轻人。“每次旅行回来，严酷的野外环境和温馨的家之间的对比都有助于增强我日常生活中的幸福感。”刘补充道）”可知，文章讲述了远足的流行以及好处，以不同人物的经历和收获描述了远足给人带来的益处。所以这篇文章的主题应该是“徒步旅行的主要动机。”故选D。DThe most important less
83、ons in life that we need to learn are the results of our poor decisions. Although time and experience are the best teachers, we also suffer from experiences such as our sacrifices, suffering and the hardships. Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes. However, many people ke
84、ep repeating the same mistakes before learning their lessons because as they say, they are just humans who tend to make mistakes.Our weaknesses in life can be turned into our strengths if we immediately acknowledge and recognize the fact that we mess up and learn from them. Our good or bad experienc
85、es help us learn better judgment in life. Yet, too many people are in denial and place the blame on others without realizing that the minute they take responsibility for their action is when the learning process begins. Aside from learning from our own experience, we can also learn valuable lessons
86、from the experience of others. It allows us to observe our behavior from another angle.When we recognize our mistakes and prevent them from happening again, we are, therefore, learning.Quickly identifying our mistakes and changing behavior accordingly requires less time and energy than denying mista
87、kes. However, acknowledgement of mistakes requires belief in the idea that the perfection is not possible.It is easier to analyze our mistakes especially when we talk to others, which can help people to sort out comments or criticisms after a mistake is made. Despite our tendency to avoid mistakes,
88、timely acknowledgement is one of the best ways to prevent them from repeating.50. According to the passage, why do many people keep making the same mistakes?A. Because they are short of experience.B. Because they dont lake their responsibility.C. Because they dont learn from their mistakes.D. Becaus
89、e they have the tendency to make mistakes.51. What does the underlined words“in denial mean in English?A. Being eager to accept a statement.B. Thinking about something carefully.C. Studying about someone or something.D. Refusing to believe something that is true.52. Learning from the experience of o
90、thers helps us _.A. have better judgment in lifeB. recognize the results of mistakesC. realize that mistakes are part of lifeD. re-evaluate our behavior differently53. What should we keep in mind to admit our mistakes?A. Every man has his faults.B. Mistakes are a great teacher.C. Behind bad luck com
91、es good luck.D. As you make your bed, you must lie in it.54. According to the author, how should we avoid repeating mistakes?A. Think twice before acting.B. Admit mistakes in time.C. Learn carefully from others comments.D. Have a timely talk with others for advice.55. The best title of the passage i
92、s _.A. learn wisdom from our mistakesB. never be afraid of making mistakesC. learn from others to see our mistakesD. stop being ashamed of making mistakes【答案】50. C 51. D 52. D 53. A 54. B 55. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇议论文。文章主要讨论了我们如何进步，告诫我们要勇于承认错误，善于从错误中汲取教训并且学习总结。【50题详解】细节理解题。根据文章首段“Good judgment develops only
93、when we truly learn from our mistakes. However, many people keep repeating the same mistakes before learning their lessons because as they say, they are just humans who tend to make mistakes. (只有我们真正从错误中汲取教训，我们才能有更好的判断力。然而，很多人一直犯同样的错误，然后才能汲取教训。正如他们所说，他们只是容易犯错的凡人)”可知，人们一直犯同样的错误正是因为没有真正从过往的错误中汲取教训。故选C
94、项。【51题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Yet, too many people are in denial and place the blame on others without realizing that the minute they take responsibility for their action is when the learning process begins.(但是，很多人in denial自己犯错并且爱给别人甩锅。他们没有意识到从他们为自己的行为承担责任的那一刻起，进步的道路就开启了)”中“and place the blame on others ”可知很
95、多人不承认自己犯错。“in denial”意思是“拒绝相信正确的东西。”故选D项。【52题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“Aside from learning from our own experience, we can also learn valuable lessons from the experience of others. It allows us to observe our behavior from another angle. (除了从自我经历中总结，我们也应当从他人的经历中学习。这让我们从另一个角度审视我们的行为)”可知，我们可以从他人的经历中总结内省，重新评价自己的
96、行为。故选D项。【53题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“However, acknowledgement of mistakes requires belief in the idea that the perfection is not possible.(然而，承认错误需要信奉这样一条理念：人无完人)”可知，追求完美，完全不犯错是不可能的，即在承认我们的错误时，我们应该牢记“人无完人”。故选A项。【54题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Our weaknesses in life can be turned into our strengths if we immediately ackn
97、owledge and recognize the fact that we mess up and learn from them.(我们的缺点可以变成优点，如果我们立刻承认自己把事情搞砸了并且从中汲取教训)”可知，我们应当犯错之后立刻承认错误，汲取教训。故选B项。【55题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“Good judgment develops only when we truly learn from our mistakes.(我们只有真正从错误中汲取教训，才能有优秀的判断力)”和第二段“When we recognize our mistakes and prevent them f
98、rom happening again, we are, therefore, learning.(我们只要承认错误，并且下次避免犯同样的错误，就会进步)”可知，从错误中汲取教训，就会提升我们的智慧。“从错误中学习智慧”最适合作文章标题。故选A项。第II卷(非选择题 共35分)第三部分 写作(共两节，满分35分)第一节 阅读表达(共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分)阅读短文，并按题目要求用英语回答问题。Many teenagers spend their lives studying, playing video games and hanging out with friends - but
99、not Henry Patterson, a teenage entrepreneur.The 15-year-old boy from Bedfordshire, a county in the East of England; started his business journey at the age of 9 when he launched his childrens brand, Not Before Tea.The lifestyle brand for young people is based on a storybook called The Adventures of
100、Sherb and Pip, which is about a mouse and an owl who run a sweets shop. Patterson began by selling sweets, but he soon brought all the characters in the book to lifethrough products such as bags and soft toys. Today, the products are sold internationally, and Patterson has just secured investment to
101、 grow the brand further. At 12, his business had earned him 65,000 pounds(566,221 yuan).In fact, Pattersons early school years were difficult, which he often described as fire and ice. He didnt conform to (与一致) what his peers were like because he saw the world differently and was rarely invited to p
102、arties or play dates. He also had a stammer (口吃), which made him feel even lonelier.But these things didnt hold him back. To cheer himself up, Patterson gradually immersed himself in designing different animals and writing interesting stories about them. His characters started to become popular. To
103、battle his slammer, he tried to articulate himself and even developed a love for public speaking, which eventually enabled him to speak on important stages, such as at the National Retail Business Awards for Teenagers.Storytelling has been a key element in Pattersons online business journey. Now at
104、15, Patterson wrote a business book called Young and Mighty, which describes his search for success and happiness and also covers some of the big issues that young people face: self-esteem, finding your voice, education and creativity.He has also set up an online academy with the same name. It is fo
105、r children aged 10 to 14,who are starting to think about their future and what motivates them. He believes that passion is what drives people to achieve extraordinary things. If you dont have a passion for what you do or love what you do, then you wont succeed, he said.56. What is the lifestyle bran
106、d for young people based on? (no more than 15 words)57. What happened to Patterson during his early school years? (no more than 10 words)58. What does the underlined word “articulate mean in English?(no more than 10 words)59. How do you understand the underlined sentence in the last paragraph?(no mo
107、re than 10 words)60. How do you find Patterson? What inspiration do you get from him? (no more than 25 words)【答案】56. It is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip. 57. He struggled to fit in at school.Or：He tried to adapt himself to school life.Or：Pattersons early school years we
108、re difficult. 58. Speak or state clearly.Or：Express something in a way that is easy to understand. 59. Success cannot be achieved without passion. 60. He is creative and strong-willed. We shouldnt give up when facing difficulties and we should have a passion for doing something well. (该题答案不唯一)【解析】【分
109、析】这是一篇记叙文，文章主要介绍了一个十几岁的创业者Henry Patterson，他早期的学校生活很艰难，且患有口吃，但这没有阻止他取得商业上的成功，他认为要取得成功，必须要热爱所做的事情。56题详解】考查细节理解。根据第三段中“The lifestyle brand for young people is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip, which is about a mouse and an owl who run a sweets shop.(这个针对年轻人的生活方式品牌是基于一本名为The A
110、dventures of Sherb and Pip的故事书，该书讲述了一只老鼠和一只猫头鹰经营一家糖果店的故事。)”可知，这个针对年轻人的生活方式品牌是基于一本名为The Adventures of Sherb and Pip的故事书。故答案为It is based on a storybook called The Adventures of Sherb and Pip.。【57题详解】考查细节理解。根据第四段内容“In fact, Pattersons early school years were difficult, which he often described as fire
111、and ice. He didnt conform to (与一致) what his peers were like because he saw the world differently and was rarely invited to parties or play dates. He also had a stammer (口吃),which made him feel even lonelier.(事实上，Patterson早期的学校生活很艰难，他经常把这描述为“火与冰”。他和同龄人不一样，因为他看世界的方式不同，也很少被邀请参加聚会或玩耍约会。他还有口吃，这让他感到更加孤独。)
112、”可知，Patterson的早期学校生活很艰难，他努力让自己适应。故答案为He struggled to fit in at school./He tried to adapt himself to school life./Pattersons early school years were difficult.。【58题详解】考查词义猜测。根据划线词前“To battle his slammer(为了克服口吃)”及划线词后“even developed a love for public speaking, which eventually enabled him to speak on
113、important stages(甚至爱上了公开演讲，这最终使他能够在重要的舞台上演讲)”可推知，划线词所在句“he tried to articulate himself”意为“他努力让自己表达清晰”，“articulate”意为“清晰地表达”。故答案为Speak or state clearly./Express something in a way that is easy to understand.。【59题详解】考查句意理解。划线句“If you dont have a passion for what you do or love what you do, then you wo
114、nt succeed”意为“如果你对你所做的事情没有激情或热爱你所做的事情。那你就不会成功”，即没有热情就不会取得成功。故答案为Success cannot be achieved without passion.。【60题详解】考查推理判断及开放题型。根据第五段中“To cheer himself up, Patterson gradually immersed himself in designing different animals and writing interesting stories about them. His characters started to become
115、popular.(为了让自己振作起来，Patterson逐渐沉浸在设计不同的动物和写关于它们的故事中，他的角色开始流行起来。)”可知，Patterson富有创造力，由本段中“To battle his slammer, he tried to articulate himself and even developed a love for public speaking, which eventually enabled him to speak on important stages (为了克服口吃，他努力清晰地表达自己，甚至养成了对公共演讲的热爱，这最终使他能够在重要的舞台上演讲)”可知，
116、Patterson想方设法克服自己的缺点，有坚定的意志；第二个问题是“你从他的故事中得到什么启发？”是开放性问题，答案合理即可，如结合第五段首句“But these things didnt hold him back.(但是这些事情没有阻止他。)”及最后一段中“He believes that passion is what drives people to achieve extraordinary things.(他相信热情是驱使人们取得非凡成就的动力。)”我们可以受到的启发是“面对困难时不要放弃，我们应该有把事情做好的热情”等。故答案为He is creative and strong
117、-willed. We shouldnt give up when facing difficulties and we should have a passion for doing something well.。第二节：书面表达(满分25分)61. 假定你是晨光中学的学生李律，你正在某国外中学作交换生，该校的“外国文化”栏目近期将介绍中国传统文化，校报编辑Jenny给你写信，咨询你的意见。请你给Jenny写封回信，内容要点如下：1.你认为最能代表中国文化的是什么?请说明理由；2.我们应该如何更好地推广中国文化? (至少两点)3.词数不少于100.【答案】Dear Jenny,I am p
118、leased to receive your letter. Im so happy that the Foreign Cultures section in our newspaper will recommend Chinese traditional culture.There is no doubt that Confucius is the most representative symbol of Chinese culture. As a philosopher, Confucius not only represents the traditional Chinese cult
119、ure, but has been influencing us Chinese people since ancient times. Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world, which provides precious opportunities for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture.To promote Chinese culture, we are supposed to provide various cultural exc
120、hange activities. Whats more, establishing Confucius institutes all over the world is also a good idea. Meanwhile, attracting more foreign visitors to China to experience Chinese culture will have a far-reaching impact.Ill be glad if I could help you,Best wishes.Yours,Li Jin【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给
121、所在某国外中学的校报编辑Jenny写封回信，介绍你对中国文化和推广方式的看法。【详解】1. 词汇积累 栏目：columnsection古代：old timesancient times建立：buildestablish影响：influenceimpact2.句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Meanwhile, attracting more foreign visitors to China to experience Chinese culture will have a far-reaching impact.拓展句：Meanwhile, it will have a far-reaching
122、 impact if more foreign visitors are attracted to China to experience Chinese culture.【点睛】高分句型1 Nowadays we can find lots of Confucius institutes around the world, which provides precious opportunities for the foreigners to learn about Chinese culture. (运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句)高分句型2 As a philosopher, Confucius not only represents the traditional Chinese culture, but has been influencing us Chinese people since ancient times. (运用了not only but (also)连接的并列句)