1、(一)高频重点词汇分类记忆，用时少，功效高.阅读词汇读懂默想下面单词的含义，不会的在中做出标记并核对识记。1.tablet n2.furniture n3.mist n.4.brick n. 5.saleswoman n. 6.leadership n.7.organic adj. 8.jazz n. 9.humble adj.10.era n. 11.alongside prep. 12.initiative n.13.cafeteria n. 14.emoji n. ponent n.16.category n. 17.gesture n. 18.accessible adj.19.fac
2、ilitate v. 20.secondary adj. ic n.22.costume n. 23.socialist adj., 自主核对区1平板电脑2.家具3.薄雾，雾霭4.砖，砖块5.女销售员6.领导；领导地位7.有机的；绿色的8.爵士乐9简陋的10.时代，年代11.(与)一起12.倡议13自助餐厅14.表情符号15.组成部分16.类别17手势，姿势18.易懂的19.促进；使便利20.第二位的，次要的21.连环漫画22.化装服23.社会主义的.核心词汇练通辨词义写词形1bunch n一群，一伙2shelf n. 搁板，架子3reform n. 改进；改革4solid adj. 坚实的5
3、occupation n. 工作，职业6soul n. 精神7facial adj. 脸上的；面部的8emphasise v. 强调9reconstruction n. 重建；修复入语境重活用1(2020全国卷)Some people live with their elderly(年老的) parents；many more adult children are returning to the family home, if they ever left.2(2019江苏卷)Understanding technological trends is very important for c
4、orrectly designing economic(经济上的) policies.3(2019北京卷)Whatever colour changes the ocean experiences in the coming decades(数十年) will probably be too gradual and unnoticeable, but they could mean significant changes.4Your dream of becoming a journalist(记者) is to come true because you are wise and hardw
5、orking.拓展词汇用活1sympathy n同情(心)sympathetic adj.同情的；有同情心的2dusty adj.布满灰尘的dust n沙尘；灰尘3compete v竞争competitor n竞争者；对手competition n竞赛；比赛competitive adj.竞争的4educator n教育工作者educate vt.教育education n教育educated adj.受过教育的5urge vt.力劝，强烈要求urgent adj.紧急的urgency n紧急；迫切urgently adv.紧急地；急迫地6expand v(使)扩大；伸展；增加expansio
6、n n扩张；扩大7emotional adj.情绪(上)的，情感(上)的emotion n感情；情绪8intention n打算；目的；意图intend v打算intentional adj.故意的9adaptation n适应；改编adapt v使适应；使适合；改编10tendency n趋/倾向；趋势tend v照料；趋向；有助于11convincing adj.使人信服的，有说服力的convince vt.使信服convinced adj.确信的语境活用用所给词的适当形式填空1(2020新高考山东卷) There was no extra money set aside for a co
7、llege education(educate)2(2019天津卷)History is much more than the study of dusty(dust) old objects and events long past.3The local villagers were in urgent need of help，so we urged the government to take action at once, for it was a matter of great urgency(urge)4All the excited competitors who are rel
8、atively competitive are competing for the honor of winning the gold medals in the competition(compete)5The rich man went abroad with the intention of trying his fortune, while the poor man intended to learn some skills of earning money.(intend)6There is an increasing tendency that more and more famo
9、us people tend to send their children to study abroad.(tend)7She tried to convince me that I was mistaken. What she said was so convincing that I was completely convinced(convince)(二)高频短语串记记牢用活，不枯燥，兴趣高单元短语再现1a_bunch_of一群2pop_up 突然出现；冒出来3drop_in 顺便拜访4turn_to 转向；求助于5take_over 接管6instead_of 代替7search_f
10、or 寻找8be_similar_to 与相似语境活用选用左栏短语填空1(2020浙江卷7月)Now he hopes that other cities will consider making their streets run smarter instead_of just making them bigger.2(全国卷)After that, feeling the need to explore further，I decided to drop_in on one of ASL Clubs meetings.3(全国卷)At last, I will be on my own,
11、but I still want to have my parents to turn_to_whenever I need help.4(四川卷)When he came back, I found_a_bunch_of flowers in his hand.5When he retired, his eldest son took_over the farm.会积累(日积月累，联想发散)1.常见的含有介词to的动词短语集合turn to转向；求助于contribute to 导致；造成lead to 导致adapt/adjust to 适应object to/be opposed to
12、反对be used/accustomed to 习惯于get/settle down to 开始做be devoted to 专心于stick to 坚持pay attention to 注意2.后缀“ship”常用名词leadership领导地位scholarship 奖学金friendship 友谊relationship 关系hardship 苦难3.“cy”结尾名词荟萃tendency趋势frequency 频率currency 货币；通货emergency 紧急情况agency 代理机构accuracy 准确性 (三)重点句型仿写熟记公式，练原句，表达高背佳句明句型巧仿写The da
13、y I heard that the Rainbow Bookstore was closing after 50 years of business, I was heartbroken.那天我听说彩虹书店在经营了50年后就要关门了，我的心都要碎了。the day引导时间状语从句1.他回家的那一天发现家乡已发生了翻天覆地的变化。The_day_he_returned_home,_he found great changes had taken place in his hometown.Well, as you can see, corporate knowledge combined wi
14、th creativity has brought my humble bookstore into the 21st century!那么，正如你所看到的那样，企业知识与创造力相结合，把我的简陋的书店带入了21世纪！as引导非限制性定语从句2.(2020天津卷7月)我很想让你这么做，但你知道，我们正处于战争之中。Id like to let you do it, but as_you_know,_we are in the middle of a war.The signs he used were to say that hed be running late and would be t
15、here soon.他使用的符号是说他会迟到，但很快就会到。be to do结构3.(2020江苏卷)我们如果要在短时间内对垃圾进行分类，仍然会有很多挑战。There will still be lots of challenges if we are_to_classify garbage in a short time.After all，how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than make a telephone call?毕竟，我们今天有多少人宁愿发送一条带有表情符号的信息也不愿打电话
16、呢？“would rather.than”意为“宁愿而不愿”4.为了享受风景，她宁愿长时间坐火车旅行而不愿坐飞机。To enjoy the scenery, she would_rather_spend long hours on the train than_travel by air. sympathyn同情(心)；赞同；支持先练会单句语法填空We looked at the child with sympathy and didnt know what to do.While I have some sympathy for them, I dont think they are rig
17、ht.Im sympathetic(sympathy) to parents who are worried about what their children see on television.再写美微写作出于同情，他给这个可怜的孩子很大的帮助。He gave the poor child much help out_of_sympathy(1)feel/have sympathy for sb.同情某人with sympathy 同情地out of sympathy 出于同情in sympathy with 赞成，支持(2)sympathetic adj. 同情的；有同情心的 佳句背诵
18、They sent some flowers as a gesture of sympathy to the parents of the child.他们送了一些花表示对这个孩子父母的同情。 expandv(使)变大，(使)扩大；扩张；膨胀；阐述先练会单句语法填空(江苏卷)It joins in our daily events, extending our intelligence，comprehending our feelings，and expanding(expand) the range of social activities.His modest business event
19、ually expanded into a supermarket empire.Metals undergo expansion(expand) when they are heated.再写美微写作请你再进一步谈谈这件事好吗？Would you expand_on/upon the matter a little further？(1)expand on/upon详述；详细阐明expand into 扩大成(2)expansion n. 膨胀；扩张 佳句背诵 In order to expand my knowledge of Tianjin，such as its history，tra
20、dition and food，I spend every spare moment I have in the library.为了扩大我对天津的了解，比如它的历史、传统和食物，我把我所有的空闲时间都花在图书馆里。(天津卷) urgentlyadv.紧急地；急迫地先练会单句语法填空(全国卷)I never felt an urge to learn any sign language before.(2018浙江卷6月)Because of all this extra time, there was no sense of urgency(urge) to do my school wor
21、k immediately.The people in the earthquakestricken area are in urgent(urge) need of food, medicine and shelters.It is strongly urged that the library (should)_be_kept(keep) open during the vacation.再写美句型转换Our teachers urge us to study hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.Our teach
22、ers urge that_we(should)_study_hard with the College Entrance Examination drawing near.(1)urge v 催促；极力主张；驱策 n. 强烈的欲望，冲动urge sb. to do sth. 催促某人做某事urge sth. on/upon sb. 极力主张某人某事urge that.(should) do. 主张It is urged that.(should) do. 人们坚决要求(2)urgent adj. 紧急的；急切的urgency n. 紧急(的事) 佳句背诵 People not only ca
23、st online votes themselves, but also urge others to vote for competitions like the “Most Beautiful Teacher” and the “Cutest Baby”人们不仅在网上给自己投票，而且也催促别人给像“最美教师”和“最可爱的宝宝”这样的比赛投票。(江苏卷) convincingadj.有说服力的，使人信服的先练会单句语法填空(2020全国卷)He says its not easy to_convince(convince) people that nutria (海狸鼠) fur is gr
24、een, but he has no doubt about it. (2020天津卷7月)He convinced the police department to_allow(allow) him to set up a couple of “chat benches” in two of their local parks. Im afraid that I cant accept your argument, for you havent offered enough convincing(convince) evidence.再写美微写作我确信支持我不断前行的事情只有一件，那就是我热
25、爱我所做的。I_am_convinced_that the only thing that kept me going was that I loved what I did.,(1)convince vt.使确信；使相信；使信服；说服；劝说convince sb. of sth. 使某人相信某事convince sb. to do sth. 说服某人做某事(2)convinced adj. 确信的；深信的 be convinced of/that. 相信 佳句背诵 The picture convinces me that it is even more important to be a
26、good daughter than a good student.这幅图画让我深信做一个好女儿甚至比做一个好学生更重要。(江苏卷) be to do结构(教材原句)The signs he used were to say that hed be running late and would be there soon.他使用的符号是说他会迟到，但很快就会到。先练会写出下列句中be to do的含义The French President is to visit Japan.打算做You are to be back by 9 oclock.应该；必须How am I to know wha
27、t has become of him？可能He came to power, but he was to pay dearly for it: soon he was assassinated.注定再写美微写作在澳洲金矿的发现使千万人相信将会发财。The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune was_to_be_madebe to do.主要有以下用法：(1)(表预定)预定做(be doing to do)(2)(表义务)应该做；必须做(should)(3)(表可能)会做(can/may)
28、(4)(表命运)注定做(通常用过去时，描述过去的事实) 佳句背诵 (1)When he was to open the door, he found his keys were nowhere.当他要打开门的时候，他发现他的钥匙不见了。(2)You are to deliver these flowers before 10.你在10点之前把这些花送完。 “would rather.than”意为“宁愿而不愿”(教材原句)After all, how many of us today would rather send a message packed with emojis than mak
29、e a telephone call?毕竟，我们今天有多少人宁愿发送一条带有表情符号的信息也不愿打电话呢？先练会单句语法填空Nowadays more and more people would rather live(live) in the countryside.We would rather our daughter stayed(stay) at home with us, but it is her choice, and she is not a child any longer.再写美句型转换To live a lowcarbon life, I would rather cy
30、cle than drive to work.To live a lowcarbon life, I would_cycle_rather_than_drive to work.(would.rather than.)To live a lowcarbon life, I prefer_to_cycle_rather_than_drive to work.(prefer.rather than.)(1)宁愿而不愿/与其倒不如(2)would rather从句 佳句背诵 We would rather make delicious dumplings with our own hands tha
31、n buy some for the elderly.我们更喜欢自己动手包美味的饺子而不是给老人们买一些。(全国卷)提能训练一阅读理解障碍词.语境辨义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(全国卷)As the Kennedy Centers artistic adviser for jazz, Moran hopes to widen the audience for jazz, make the music more accessible, and preserve its history and culture. adj.通俗易懂的2(全国卷)The only components requi
32、red, though, are a 5 5 sheet of clear or slightly milky plastic, six feet of plastic tube, and a containerperhaps just a drinking cupto catch the water. n零件；部件3(浙江卷)During my first quarter, I spoke directly to the Chancellor(校长), asking him for support towards my initiatives, met with the Vice Chanc
33、ellors, and cooperated with my teaching assistants to begin my undergraduate research project. n提议.熟词生义根据语境写出加黑词的词性及含义1(浙江卷)The heat was unbearablealmost 125F even in the shade of a cactus (仙人掌)Not a soul to talk to.n.人2I repeated the question and waited for her to expand.v.细谈；详谈3(2020全国卷)The artist
34、 was finally humbled by the greatest artist on earth, Mother Nature.adj.谦卑的4The windows had been bricked up, so the house was warmer than before.v.用砖堵住.一词多义1. 根据语境选出adapt的词性及含义(1)Most of these tools have been specially adapted for use by disabled people._B_(2)Three of her novels have been adapted fo
35、r television._A_2. 根据语境选出convince的词性及含义(1)Youll need to convince them of your enthusiasm for the job._A_(2)Ive been trying to convince him to see a doctor._B_提能训练二话题微写作(单元词汇、句式、语法综合运用)1补全要点句在中国共产党的领导下，中国进行了改革开放，社会主义建设取得了长足发展。(leadership, reform, socialist)Under_the_leadership_of the Communist Party
36、of China, China has carried_out_Reform_and_Opening_Up,_and socialist_construction has made great progress.农村地区实行有机耕作，许多新生事物大量涌现。(organic, pop up)Organic_farming has been practiced in rural areas, and many new things have_popped_up许多富裕起来的农民购买了现代化的家具和设备，如轿车、平板电脑等。(furniture, tablet)Many farmers bought
37、 modern_furniture_and_equipment,_such as cars, tablet_computers,_etc.他们也转向情感上的享受，他们跳起了爵士乐，甚至穿上戏服登台表演。(turn to, emotional, Jazz, costume)They are also turning_to_emotional_enjoyment,_jumping_into_Jazz and even putting_on_costumes to perform on stage.中国在飞速发展的同时，积极帮助落后的国家和地区。(intention)At the same time
38、 of rapid development, China has_intention_of_helping backward countries and regions.中国提出的“一带一路”倡议惠及沿线国家和地区，也扩大了中国的影响力。(initiative, expand)Chinas “one_belt,_one_road” initiative has benefited the countries and regions along the route, and has also expanded_Chinas_influence正如中国白皮书指出的，中国的发展对世界是机遇而不是威胁
39、和挑战。(as非限制性定语从句， instead of)As_has_been_pointed_out_in_Chinas_white_paper,_Chinas development is an opportunity instead_of_a_threat_and_challenge_to_the_world2升级平淡句将句和句用现在分词连接起来 Many_farmers_bought_modern_furniture_and_equipment,_such_as_cars,_tablet_computers,_etc.,_turning_to_emotional_enjoyment,_
40、jumping_into_Jazz_and_even_putting_on_costumes_to_perform_on_stage.将句用as well as改写Chinas_“one_belt,_one_road”_initiative_has_benefited_the_countries_and_regions_along_the_route,_as_well_as_expanded_Chinas_influence.3衔接成美文_One possible version：Under the leadership of the Communist Party of China, Chi
41、na has carried out Reform and Opening Up, and socialist construction has made great progress. Organic farming has been practiced in rural areas, and many new things have popped up. Under this circumstances, many farmers bought modern furniture and equipment, such as cars, tablet computers, etc., tur
42、ning to emotional enjoyment, jumping into Jazz and even putting on costumes to perform on stage. At the same time of rapid development, China has intention of helping backward countries and regions. Chinas “one belt, one road” initiative has benefited the countries and regions along the route, as we
43、ll as expanded Chinas influence. As has been pointed out in Chinas white paper, Chinas development is an opportunity instead of a threat and challenge to the world.提能训练三读后续写27用过渡衔接词增强文章的连贯性.选词填空(太空探索)most importantly, although, such as, in conclusion, to begin with, however, moreover, that is to say
44、, as a matter of factThe publics view about space exploration varies. Some people consider space exploration as a waste of time, money and resources. 1.However,_others hold the opposite opinion. 2.Although the cost of space exploration is high, the return is higher. Space exploration is beneficial t
45、o mankind in many respects. 3.To_begin_with,_it has the potential of discovering new concepts and develops new insights into space. 4.That_is_to_say,_space exploration triggers technological advancement. It brings together different people from various researches and science fields to work jointly t
46、o solve some common challenges. 5.As_a_matter_of_fact,_the result is seen in latest applied inventions and discoveries. 6.Moreover,_the satellites in space help us predict hazardous weather conditions and provide services 7.such_as navigation and communications. 8.Most_importantly,_investments into
47、space exploration create real economic benefits at home. 9.In_conclusion,_considering the benefits, space exploration is well worth the cost.迷你语料库(神态描写激动)At the sight of the young lady, the mans face changed to red and back to pale again. He watched her countenance (expression) as he drew nearer, wi
48、th hope and anxiety mingled (mixed) on his own. A卷小题夯基练.语境填词1There is convincing(令人信服的) evidence that being exposed to sunlight too long without any protection will cause skin cancer.2It took me an hour to get across my intention(意图) to her.3High school is undoubtedly a time of growth, both physical
49、ly and emotionally(情感上), as well as academically and socially.4The committee are having an urgent(紧急的) meeting to discuss if two million dollars covers the cost.5Yang Ming, having won first prize twice in the International English Competition(比赛) in the past two years, is considered the most talente
50、d in our class.6It was reported that the government official expressed the deepest sympathy(同情) to the families of those killed and injured in this attack.7Long before children are able to speak or understand a language. They communicate through facial(面部的) expressions and by making noises.8The boy,
51、 occupied(忙于) with his school work every day, felt rather tired and uncomfortable.9With the reform(改革) of educational system, the teachers in whose school I worked before have greatly changed their way of teaching.10The famous professor came into the meeting hall, with a bunch(束) of fresh flowers in
52、 his hand.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1Convinced(convince) his friend would survive, he told the coast guard where they had parted.2She was very sympathetic(sympathy) to the problems of adult students.3(2020天津卷7月)Its been years since they were dusty(dust) little rooms with books.4(天津卷)Working in such a
53、 competitive(compete) industry, Ive sometimes thought，“I cant do this any more.”5We cant emphasise(emphasis) the importance of protecting our eyes too much.6(江苏卷)This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on riskreduction saves at least two on reconstruction(reconstruct)7I suppose I was looking fo
54、r an occupation(occupy) which was going to be an adventure.8Personal relationships are key to emotional(emotion) growth and social stability.9Charlie is very polite to everybody, so she must be an educated(educate) person.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式)1I have an urge to_help(help) people out when
55、 theyre in trouble.2His mother has been trying to convince him to_see_(see) a doctor.3(江苏卷)So even if emissions were to begin to decrease today，we would still face the challenge of adapting to climate change.4(四川卷)Some think that a womans body cells have a tendency to_age(age) more slowly than a man
56、s.5It is urged that we (should)_take(take) steps to protect our environment.6. I try to convince him of the reality of the danger.7Most importantly, the elderly are the first to taste the delicious food because they are well respected in China.8My parents died when I was very small，and I started to
57、make a living by selling newspapers at the age of ten.I really have much sympathy for you.完成句子/句型转换/一句多译1他们明天上午十点钟将一起去拜访老师。 They are_to_pay_a_visit_to_the_teacher together at ten tomorrow morning.2He was urged on by his colleagues and stood for election.Urged_on_by_his_colleagues,_he stood for elect
58、ion.(过去分词短语作状语)3He was convinced that something was wrong and picked up his money and took to his heels.Convinced_that_something_was_wrong,_he picked up his money and took to his heels.(过去分词作状语)4This programmed which was intended to provide help for the homeless was set up.This programmed intended_t
59、o_provide_help_for_the_homeless was set up.(分词作定语)This programmed was set up, with_the_intention_of_providing_help_for_the_homeless(介词短语)5他宁愿给学生上课也不愿被邀请参加乏味的会议。(1)He would_rather_give_lectures to the students than_be_invited to boring conferences.(would rather)(2)He would_give_lectures to the studen
60、ts rather_than_be_invited to boring conferences.(would.rather than.)(3)He prefers_giving_lectures to the students to_being_invited to boring conferences.(prefer.to)(4)He prefers_to_give_lectures to the students rather_than_be_invited to boring conferences.(prefer.rather than.)B卷大题提能练.阅读理解(2021安徽池州模拟
61、)Have you ever experienced such an annoying thing as it took so long to open a web page? Youre watching stops every few minutes, which ruined your internet experience. But it could be a thing of the past. On June 3, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology announced that China would issue
62、 licenses for the commercialization of 5G. It means major telecom carriers will start to provide 5G services.The “G” in “5G” refers to the generation of mobile network technologies. 1G let us talk to each other, 2G let us send messages, 3G gave us mobile data and the internet, and 4G made all of the
63、se things faster.Now 5G promises much faster data download and upload speeds, and more stable connections. This means that you will be able to download an entire HD movie in seconds and only experience a short delay between sending and receiving data. For example, when you have a video chat with you
64、r friend, there is generally a 100 to 200 milliseconds (毫秒) delay with 4G, but 5G will reduce the delay to 1 millisecond or less, which is almost real time.With a 5G network, the short delay in information exchange will allow driverless cars to run more safely, as they will be able to communicate in
65、 real time and avoid potential dangers. Meanwhile, 5G enabled wearable devices will keep doctors constantly updated on the health status of their patients and warn them immediately if theres something wrong. Besides, VR games will become more popular with 5G. The short delay of 5G will make the game
66、s feel even more real.Though 5G will make our lives more convenient, it will not be perfect. For one thing, 5G will not “travel” far. On 4 networks, you can be 10 kilometers away from the nearest transmission (传输) base and barely lose signal. But 5G will only cover about 300 meters, meaning we will
67、need more transmitters so that we can get signals. And in order to use 5G, we will have to buy new products specially designed for 5G that are currently expensive.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了5G时代的到来即将给人们的生活带来的影响。1What is the function of the first paragraph?ATo provide a background of the topic.BTo offer bas
68、ic knowledge of the topic.CTo use an example to support the topic.DTo draw readers attention to the topic.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“Have you ever experienced such an annoying thing as it took so long to open a web page? Youre watching stops every few minutes”可知，第一段用打开网页时间长且卡顿的例子来吸引读者并引出主题。故选D。2According to
69、the passage, what is likely to happen to our life with 5G?ADoctors can treat more patients.BNo drivers are needed in the near future.CMany advanced technologies will be further improved.DChildren will hate playing VR games in the real world.C解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“With a 5G network, the short delay.The sh
70、ort delay of 5G will make the games feel even more real.”可知，5G使无人汽车更安全；医生更精准获取病人的病情；VR游戏玩起来更逼真。所有这些都得益于5G传输速度的极大提高。由此可推知，5G使许多先进技术得到进一步优化。故选C。3What can be found when 5G is compared with 4G?A4G covers smaller areas.B4G needs more transmitters.C5G signals can travel farther.D5G costs higher in early s
71、tage.D解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段中的“And in order to use 5G, we will have to buy new products specially designed for 5G that are currently expensive.”可知，为了使用5G，目前需要购买价格昂贵的与之配套的新产品。由此可推知，早期使用5G的成本会比较高。故选D。4What is the text mainly about?AThe development of 5G.BChallenges that 5G will face.CBenefits that people wil
72、l get from 5G.DThe difference that 5G will make to our lives.D解析：主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章从一个现象引出对于5G的讨论，介绍了5G的优势和早期存在的缺陷，讲述了5G将给人们生活带来的影响。D项“5G对我们生活的影响”符合文章主要内容。故选D。.七选五(2021重庆南开中学二模)Decisionmaking can be extremely difficult. 1._In any approach to a problem and in any negotiation, the Western world turns to
73、the “I to you” approach while Japan, the “you to you” approach. The former means both sides present their arguments openly from their own point of view. Naturally, often comes a confrontation(冲突) situation, which Westerners are very skillful in dealing with. 2._Thus, the direction of the meeting is
74、a mutual(相互的) attempt to reduce confrontation and achieve harmony.Besides, Western decisionmaking goes mostly from top management and often does not consult middle management or the worker. 3._ Based on “bottomup direction”， ideas can be created at the lowest levels, travel upward through an organiz
75、ation and have an effect on the final decision.4_ The Japanese business person works to achieve harmony, even if the deal falls through, and will spend whatever time is necessary to determine a “you to you” approach, communicating personal views only indirectly. They put a thorough job above the Wes
76、tern deadline approach. So the Japanese are thorough in their meetings. 5._ Where the American is pressing for a specific decision, the Japanese is trying to think up a rather broad direction.On the other hand, once a given agreement is made, it is the Japanese who sometimes wonder at the slow pace
77、at which Westerners carry out the decision. The Japanese are eager to move forward and Westerns, perhaps, lag behind as they take the time for indepth planning.AIn general, harmony is hard to achieve in most Western companies.BHowever, in Japan, great consideration is given to the thoughts and opini
78、ons of everyone at all levels.CThats why Americans are often annoyed by the many meetings in Japanese businesses.DDifference in decisionmaking also comes from different communication styles.EThe latter is based on each side trying to understand the other persons point of view.FDecisionmaking styles
79、are significantly different in different cultures.GBrainstorming plays a significant role in both Western and Eastern decisionmaking.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以西方和日本为例，说明了不同的文化中决策风格的不同。1F解析：概括下文“In any approach to a problem and in any negotiation, the Western world turns to the I to you approach while Japan,
80、 the you to you approach.”可知，不同的文化中，决策的风格也不一样。F项“决策风格在不同的文化中有很大的差异。”符合语境，故选F。2E解析：根据上文“The former means both sides present their arguments openly from their own point of view. Naturally, often comes a confrontation(冲突) situation, which Westerners are very skillful in dealing with.”中the former“前者”可对应
81、到E项中the latter“后者”，故E项“后者是基于双方都试图理解对方的观点。”符合语境，故选E。3B解析：根据上下文可知，空前提到西方的决策大多源自高层管理者，空后提到一种重视基层人民的思想和意见的文化，前后是转折关系，B项“然而，在日本，人们很重视各级人民的思想和意见。”符合语境，故选B。4D解析：根据下文“The Japanese business person works to achieve harmony, even if the deal falls through, and will spend whatever time is necessary to determine
82、 a you to you approach, communicating personal views only indirectly.”可知，此处是在说明沟通方式对决策差异的影响。D项“决策的差异也来自不同的沟通方式。”符合语境，故选D。5C解析：根据下文“Where the American is pressing for a specific decision, the Japanese is trying to think up a rather broad direction.”可知，日本和美国的沟通方式不同，故本句为说明这两种不同的沟通方式会引起的矛盾。C项“这就是为什么美国人经
83、常被日本企业的大量会议搞得心烦意乱。”符合语境，故选C。.完形填空(2021河北“五个一”名校联盟高三上学期第一次联考)An English battleship was sailing at sea in the severe weather for several days. The visibility was poor_1_ heavy fog, so the captain landed on the watchtower, _2_ all the activities.Shortly, a lookout reported that a light ahead was _3_.Th
84、e captain asked, “Is it steady or_4_ towards our ship？” The lookout replied, “The light was steady, but our _5_ was going to be in _6_ with that one.” The captain ordered the lookout to send a signal to that ship and told them that the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if the
85、y didnt _7_ course. Back came a signal, “Its _8_for you to change course.” Then the captain shouted angrily, “Send, Im a battleship. Youll change course.” “Captain, Ive never seen you _9_your top before.” the lookout said and did. Back came another signal, “Im a lighthouse！” The captain was _10_ aft
86、er knowing this, and they had to change their course _11_On our path in life, we sometimes have to change course: _12_， we would run into the _13_. Some people spend much time trying to change everything around them, not realizing they can_14_ it only by changing themselves. Theyre hitting their hea
87、d on the barrier but expecting a good result. Its just as stupid as not changing their course when those are about to collide with a lighthouse. So when life puts an unmovable_15_ in front of you, stick to the secret: changing course and going on.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章通过讲述一艘英国战舰差点与灯塔相撞的故事，告诉我们一个道理：当生活把一个
88、不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，你要改变的是你自己，所以，改变方向，继续前进。1A.in spite ofBin addition toCon account of Don top ofC解析：考查介词短语辨析。句意：由于大雾，能见度很低，所以船长登上瞭望塔，密切注意着所有的活动。in spite of意为“尽管”，in addition to意为“除了”，on account of意为“由于”，on top of意为“在之上”。根据“The visibility was poor_ heavy fog”可知，由于大雾，能见度很低。故选C。2A.keeping an eye onBenquirin
89、g aboutCengaging inDturning a deaf ear toA解析：考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。keep an eye on意为“密切注意”，enquire about意为“询问”，engage in意为“从事”，turn a deaf ear to意为“充耳不闻”。根据上文语境可知，这艘英国战舰在恶劣的天气下在海上航行了好几天，雾大能见度低，因此船长上了瞭望塔，密切注意着船和船周边的一切活动(以防发生意外)。故选A。3A.charging BfallingCfading DflashingD解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：不久，瞭望员报告说前面有一盏灯闪烁着。charge
90、意为“收费”，fall意为“落下”，fade意为“褪色”，flash意为“闪光”。根据下文中的“The light was steady”可知，前方有灯闪烁着。故选D。4A.shooting BmovingCpointing DlookingB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长问：“它是稳定的还是朝我们的船移动的？”shoot意为“射击”，move意为“移动”，point意为“指出”，look意为“看”。根据下文中的“the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other”可知，船长问灯是稳定的，还是在向他们的船移动，如果灯是
91、移动的，他们就有相撞的风险。故选B。5A.instruction BmethodCship DcaptainC解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：瞭望员回答说：“灯光是稳定的，但我们的船要与那艘船相撞。”instruction意为“说明书”，method意为“方法”，ship意为“船”，captain意为“船长”。根据下文中的“the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they didnt _ course”可知，如果双方不重新调整航向的话，他们的船要与那艘船相撞，因此此处是指“我们的船”。故选C。6A.trad
92、e BpeaceCcollision DcomparisonC解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意同上。trade意为“贸易”，peace意为“和平”，collision意为“碰撞”，comparison意为“比较”。根据下文中的“the two sides would have the risk of crashing into each other if they didnt _ course”可知，如果双方不重新调整航向的话，他们的船要与那艘船相撞。故选C。7A.affect BreadjustCadmit DuncoverB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：船长命令瞭望员向那艘船发出信号，并告诉他
93、们，如果他们不重新调整航向，就有相撞的危险。affect意为“影响”，readjust意为“重新调整”，admit意为“承认”，uncover意为“揭开”。根据下文中的“they had to change their course”可知，船长立即改变航向(避免了相撞)，所以此处指重新调整航向。故选B。8A.typical BearlyCchallenging DadvisableD解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：回来了一个信号，“你们改道才是明智的。”typical意为“典型的”，early意为“早的”，challenging意为“挑战性的”，advisable意为“明智的”。根据全文语境可
94、知，这里回信号的是灯塔，灯塔无法改变航向，为了避免相撞，船长的船改变航向才是明智的。故选D。9A.blow BreachCstuff DshowA解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：“船长，我以前从未见过你勃然大怒。” 瞭望员说了又(按船长说的)做了。blow意为“吹”，reach意为“到达”，stuff意为“填满”，show意为“展示”。根据上文中的“Then the captain shouted angrily”可知，船长很生气，此处指瞭望员从未见过船长勃然大怒。blow ones top为固定搭配，意为“勃然大怒”。故选A。10A.heartbroken BinnocentCrelieved
95、 DthunderstruckD解析：考查形容词词义辨析。句意：船长知道后大吃一惊，他们不得不立即改变航向。heartbroken意为“心碎的”，innocent意为“天真的”，relieved意为“放心的”，thunderstruck意为“大吃一惊”。根据上文语境可知，船长以为对面的是一艘船，然而实际上对面是一座灯塔，所以船长知道后大吃一惊。故选D。11A.temporarily BinstantlyCslowly DmerrilyB解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。temporarily意为“暂时地”，instantly意为“立即地”，slowly意为“慢慢地”，merrily意为“愉快地
96、”。根据上文语境可知，船长以为对面是一艘船，一直叫对面改变航向以避免相撞，然而实际上对面是一座灯塔，因此为了避免相撞，他们不得不立即改变航向。故选B。12A.otherwise BhoweverCtherefore DanywayA解析：考查副词词义辨析。句意：在我们的人生道路上，我们有时不得不改变方向：否则，我们会遇到砖墙。otherwise意为“否则”，however意为“然而”，therefore意为“因此”，anyway意为“无论如何”。根据上文语境可知，船长的船如果不改变航向就会撞上灯塔，人生路上也是一样，为了避免相撞我们不得不改变方向，否则就会遇见砖墙(撞上去)，前后两句是转折关系
97、，应用otherwise。故选A。13A.top secret Bsafe pathCcomfort zone Dbrick wallD解析：考查名词短语辨析。句意同上。top secret意为“绝密”，safe path意为“安全路径”，comfort zone意为“舒适区”，brick wall意为“砖墙”。根据上文语境可知，船长的船如果不改变航向就会撞上灯塔，人生路上也是一样，为了避免相撞我们不得不改变方向，否则就会遇见砖墙(撞上去)。故选D。14A.learn BmakeCtake DseeB解析：考查动词词义辨析。句意：有些人花了很多时间试图改变周围的一切，却没有意识到只有改变自己才
98、能成功。learn意为“学习”，make意为“使成功，使圆满”，take意为“拿走”，see意为“看见”。根据上文语境可知，船长一直叫对面的船改变航向以避免相撞，然而，对面的船实际上是灯塔，最后船长通过自己改变航向避免了相撞，人生路上也是如此，试图改变周围的一切是很难的，只有改变自己才能成功。make it为固定搭配，意为“成功”。故选B。15A.opportunity BtargetCobject DfantasyC解析：考查名词词义辨析。句意：所以，当生活把一个不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，坚持这个秘密：改变方向，继续前进。opportunity意为“机会”，target意为“目标”，obj
99、ect意为“东西”，fantasy意为“幻想”。根据上文语境可知，灯塔就是那个不可移动的东西，船长不改变航向，就会撞上去，但最后船长通过自己改变航向避免了相撞，所以在人生旅途中，当生活把一个不可移动的东西摆在你面前时，你要学会自己改变方向，继续前进。故选C。.语法填空(2021济宁6月模拟)Peking Opera is a form of traditional Chinese theater that 1._(appear) in Beijing in the late 18th century.2._(combine) music, song, dance and acrobatics
100、(杂技动作) in a lively and colorful display, it is a 3._ (relative) new style of drama, compared to other types of Chinese theater.In the early years of Peking Opera, all the actors were men，4._ the roles of women played by young boys.The stories fell into two main 5._(category)wen, or civil theater, wh
101、ich focused on love, marriage and other civilian concerns, and wu, or military theater, which focused on the theme of war and was known for featuring thrilling stage actions.In the first half of the 6._(twenty) century, the most famous actor of Peking Opera was Mei Lanfang, 7._ played a key role in
102、popularizing Peking Opera and introducing Chinese theater to the West.Additionally, Mei also took the bold step in taking on female students, which was 8._ highly risky and unconventional step at the time.After the founding of the Peoples Republic of China, Peking Opera performances, which dealt wit
103、h contemporary and revolutionary themes, were encouraged.Despite 9._(it) ups and downs, Peking Opera was revived (复兴) in the 1980s and continues to 10._(perform) today.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了京剧的发展。1appeared解析：考查时态。根据时间状语in the late 18th century可知，此处陈述发生在过去的事情，应用一般过去时态。2Combining解析：考查非谓语动词。combine的逻辑主语为
104、it，两者之间为主动关系，故用现在分词作状语。3relatively解析：考查副词。应用副词修饰形容词new，故填relatively。4with解析：考查介词。分析句子结构可知，此处为with复合结构。考查的结构形式为“with名词过去分词”，在句中作状语。5categories解析：考查名词单复数。根据空前的two main可知，此处应填名词的复数形式categories。6twentieth解析：考查序数词。根据句意和空前的the可知，此处应用序数词，故填twentieth。7who解析：考查定语从句。此处为非限制性定语从句，先行词为Mei Lanfang，故用who。8a解析：考查冠词
105、。此处表泛指，且highly以辅音音素开头，故填不定冠词a。9its解析：考查代词。despite为介词，ups and downs意为“兴衰，浮沉”，为名词短语，故此处应用形容词性物主代词its。10be performed解析：考查语态。perform与Peking Opera之间是动宾关系，应用被动语态，且空处位于不定式符号to之后，故填be performed。写作新题型(九).应用文写作(2021湖南永州二模)假定你是李华，你的英国朋友埃尔文(Elvin)听说你寒假打算参加社区服务活动，他想跟你一起参加。请你写一封电子邮件向他介绍本次活动的具体安排，内容包括：1表示欢迎；2活动安排；
106、3你的希望。注意：1.词数80左右；2可增加细节，使行文连贯；3开头语和结束语已为你写好，不计入总词数。Dear Elvin，How is it going？_Best wishes!Yours，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear_Elvin，How_is_it_going? I am delighted to hear that you will come to China and join me in community service. Now Im writing to tell you something about it.With the New Yea
107、r approaching, some elderly people who live in the nursing home in our community may feel extremely lonely without a family. In order to create a joyous atmosphere for them, I plan to visit them every week this winter vacation. Helping them with their housework and chatting with them will surely bri
108、ng them much pleasure and drive their loneliness away. If you could come, they would be more than pleased to receive “international” care.I hope we can gain happiness from our voluntary service. Looking forward to your arrival.Best_wishes!Yours，Li_Hua.读后续写阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。(2021山
109、东济宁一中质检)My name is John and I must share with you an event which took place on Flight 1553 out of DCA. My wife and I were traveling to Miami to celebrate an achievement for her and as you can imagine, we were looking forward to fun, sun and laughter.We boarded the aircraft, without a care in the wor
110、ld. It was cold in Washington and we were ready for Florida.Shortly after taking my seat, I began to feel sick. I knew something wasnt right but just couldnt find out what was happening.Being a doctor and a stubborn man, I resisted efforts by my wife to call for assistance. As the aircraft began its
111、 departure roll, I lost consciousness for a short amount of time.As I came around, I quickly realized a few things. Firstly, something very bad had happened to me. Secondly, the aircraft was too heavy with the fuel to go back home. Thirdly, my loss of consciousness had been so deep that I found myse
112、lf out of control. So not only did I have a medical issue to deal with, but I also had to figure out how to deal with an embarrassing experience.My wife gathered the crew as soon as it was safe to move about and I made my way to the washroom to attempt to clean up. I did my best and the flight crew
113、members were so supportive, checking on me often and reassuring me that there was nothing to be embarrassed about.It was their sympathy and support that helped me so much. During the flight they kept watching over me and I suddenly had a small group of nurses, bringing blankets, food, drinks and car
114、ing and smile. I was thankful to them.注意：续写词数应为150左右。Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing other people to go first._Hearing that, the captain left and returned a couple minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans._ _One possible version：Upon landing, I remained in my seat, allowing othe
115、r people to go first. Tired and weak, I collapsed to the back seat, closing my eyes. Shortly afterwards, all the people left the plane, apart from my wife and I. Sensing my conformable situation, the captain made his way to me, holding a cup of water. “Thank you.”I murmured. Much to my surprise, upo
116、n hearing this, his face lit up. A slow smile worked its way across his face and into his eyes. “Anything needed？” he asked in a gentle voice, warmly and kindly. Looking at my dirty trousers, I threw a grateful smile to him, “Maybe a pair of jeans？”Hearing that, the captain left and returned a coupl
117、e minutes later with a pair of his own blue jeans. The instant I saw the jeans, blood rushed to my head immediately. Deeply touched by his kind action, I felt grateful. My tears welled up in my eyes uncontrollably. “Thank you, thank you.” I couldnt help extending my gratitude to him. Seeing that I became energetic again, he touched my shoulder, eyes glittering with excitement. After he left it dawned on me that he even didnt give me his name! Never had I anticipated that kindness could inject such great power into others, and in return, I was determined to pass on the love！