1、Unit1 Topic talk1stressfuladj充满压力的，紧张的stressnU, C压力v强调stressedadj焦虑的，紧张的2challengingadj富有挑战性的challengenC挑战vt向挑战challengernC挑战者3differ vi不同，不一样，有区别differencenC,U差别；差异；不同（之处）different adj不同的4previousadj以前的，先前的previouslyadv以前，先前5expectationnU, C预料，预期；期待expectvt期待6confidencenU自信，信心；信赖confidentadj自信的conf
2、idently adv自信地7competence nU, C能力，胜任competent adj有能力的8pressurenU压力pressvt.按，压9recovervi恢复健康，康复recoverynU,C, usually sing.恢复10injurynC, U伤，损害injurevt损害11unfortunatelyadv不幸地，令人遗憾地fortunatelyadv幸运地重点单词与短语精析课标词高频词1.senior【用法归纳】(1)adj.较高的，高级的；年长的；级别(或地位)高的senior high(school) 高中senior citizen老年人(委婉说法，尤指退休
3、者)be senior to sb.比某人年长；比某人的地位/职位高My brother Bob is senior to me by two years.我哥哥鲍勃比我大两岁。He is also a teacher, but senior to me. 他也是一名教师，但级别比我高。(2)n. C较年长的人；级别(或地位)较高者，上司；中学生It is impolite for children to cut in when their seniors are talking.孩子们在他们的长辈谈话时插嘴是不礼貌的。Jenny is lively and hard-working, and
4、 has been praised by her seniors in the company.珍妮活泼、勤奋，得到了公司上司的表扬。注意：senior本身已含有比较意义，所以它没有比较级和最高级形式。此外，表示比较时其后用to而不用 than.【拓展】junior adj. 地位(或职位、级别)低下的；青少年的；低年级的n.C职位较低者；青少年junior high(school) 初中be junior to sb. 比某人年轻；比某人级别低【练习】1.语法填空Though he is 3 years younger than me, he is senior to me in the c
5、ompany.2.单句写作我叫李华，是一名高中生。I am Li Hua, a senior high school student. 我们应该尊重那些比我们年长的人。(senior) We should respect those who are senior to us. 2. schedule【用法归纳与拓展】(1)n.C,U日程安排，工作计划a tight schedule日程安排很紧ahead of schedule(较预定时间)提前(= ahead of time)behind schedule(比预定时间)落后on schedule按时间表，准时(= on time)The bu
6、ilding was completed three months ahead of schedule.这幢大楼提前三个月完工了。We finished the task on schedule while they did behind schedule.我们按时完成了任务而他们没有按时完成。(2)vt.安排，预定be scheduled for+时间安排在某个时间be scheduled to do sth.预计做某事The meeting has been scheduled for tomorrow afternoon.会议已安排在明天下午。The professor is sched
7、uled to arrive in Shanghai at 10 oclock.那位教授预计在10点钟抵达上海。【练习】语法填空(2020江苏宿迁调研) Most studentsset their alarm clocks(闹钟) to makesure they can attend online classes on schedule.Our school sports meeting is scheduled to take (take)place from nextWednesday to Friday.3.expectation【用法归纳与拓展】(1)n.U,C预料，预期，期待ag
8、ainst/contrary to(all) expectation(s)与预期的相反，(大大)出乎意料beyond(all) expectation(s)(大大)出乎意料(的)beyond(ones) expectation(s)超出(某人的)预期in(the) expectation of.期待It was an A in the exam, which was beyond my expectations.这次考试我得了个A，这超出了我的预期。Anne left Germany in(the) expectation of seeing her family again before v
9、ery long. 安妮离开了德国，期待着很快就能与家人重逢。(2)n.C, usually pl.期望，指望；C usually pl.，U希望，盼望expectations of. 对的期望with expectations怀着希望live up to/meet(ones) expectations达到(某人的)期望，如(某人)所愿My teachers have great expectations of me.我的老师对我有很高的期望。Tom had determined to live up to his leaders expectations.汤姆已决心不辜负领导的期望。【拓展】
10、相关词汇拓展：expect vt.期待；预料expect to do sth.期待/预料做某事expect sb. to do sth.期待/预计某人做某事expectedadj.预的，预期的be expected to do. 被期待做/预计会unexpected adj.出乎意料的，始料不及的unexpectedly adv.出乎意料地，意料之外地【练习】1.语法填空(天津静海一中期末) I would haveattended your wedding anniversary(周年纪念日), but one of my formerclassmates came to visit me,
11、 which was beyond my expectation(s)(expect).(2018全国卷完形填空改编)Lindseys husband was totally astonishedby theunexpected(expected )visit.2.结合 expectation的用法完成句子出乎所有人的意料，迈克中学毕业时成绩优异。Contrary to/ Against/ Beyond everyonesexpectation (s) ，Mike finished highschool with good grades.4.confidence n. U信心；自信心【用法归纳
12、】develop confidence in (doing) sth. 培养对(做)某事的信心have/ lose confidence in sb./sth. 对有/失去信心a lack of confidence缺乏信心with confidence有信心地Many of us like to do the easy things first to build our confidence.我们许多人喜欢先做简单的事情来建立信心。There will be no difficulty in the world that we cant overcome as long as we have
13、 confidence in ourselves.只要我们对自己有信心，世界上就没有我们克服不了的困难。They couldnt say with confidence that they can win the game. 他们不能肯定他们能赢得这次比赛。【拓展】(1) confident adj. 自信的，有自信心的；确信的，有把握的be confident about sth. 对有信心be confident of (doing) sth. 对(做)某事有把握be confident that.确信(2) confidently adv.自信地语境串记 When you are com
14、municating with others, expressing yourself clearly and confidently will gain yourself more confidence. And keeping confident will add to your personal charm.当你与其他人交流时，清楚自信地表达自己将会使你更加自信。而且保持自信会增加你的个人魅力。【练习】1.语法填空(2019浙江概要写作改编)By giving kids a lot of praise, parents thinktheyre building their childre
15、nsconfidence(confident), when, in fact, itmay be just the opposite(相反的).(2018天津单项填空改编) At firstRobert wouldnt let his daughter go diving, but eventually he gave in as shewas so confidentabouther skills.(陕西高考单词拼写改编) The little girl walkedconfidently (confident) onto the stage, ready for her first spe
16、ech2.完成句子我对她有信心，她完全能胜任这项工作。Ihave confidence in her. Shell beperfect for the job.多和他人交流，不要害怕犯错误，只有这样才能逐渐培养说英语的信心。Communicate more with others and dontbe afraid of making mistakes. Only bythis can wedevelop confidence in speaking English.5.all in all【用法归纳】all in all意为“总的说来，从各方面考虑”，是总结性用语。同义表达有 in a wo
17、rd, in conclusion, on the whole。All in all, her mother and I are very happy with her progress. 总而言之，我和她妈妈都为她的进步感到很高兴。【拓展】all构成的其他短语：above all尤其是，最重要的是(强调重要性)first of all首先，第一(强调顺序)after all毕竟，终究all at once突然，忽然；同时in all(= in total, totally)总共，共计【练习】用all的相关短语完成句子The travel wasnt so perfect, but all i
18、n all I considered it a pleasant journey.I am glad to join you in this game, but first of all please allow me to introduce myself to you.Id like to rent(租) a housemodern, comfortable, and above all in a quiet neighbourhood.6. positive【用法归纳】(1)n. C, U优势，优点Take your weaknesses and translate them into
19、your positives. 把你自己的弱点变成优点。(2)adj.积极乐观的，自信的；有助益的，积极的a positive attitude乐观的态度be positive about.对积极乐观She tried to be more positive about her new job. 她力求对新工作更有信心。I believe that the Internet has positive effects on our lives. 我认为互联网对我们的生活有积极的影响。(3)adj. (医学检验)呈阳性的Anyone, once tested positive for H7N9 f
20、lu virus, will receive free medical treatment from our government.任何人一旦被检测出H7N9禽流感病毒呈阳性，将获得政府提供的免费医疗。(福建高考)【拓展】相关词语积累positively adv. 积极地；肯定地(反义) negative adj. 消极的，负面的；不良的，有害的；结果为阴性的n. C坏的事情7.pressure n.压力【用法归纳】put pressure on sb. 给某人施加压力under pressure在压力下( pressure前无任何冠词)under the pressure of.在的压力下r
21、educe pressure减轻压力You should remember that even the best student can make mistakes sometimes. So dont put too much pressure on yourself. 你应该记住，即使最好的学生有时也会犯错误。所以不要给自己施加太大的压力。He does not like to work under pressure or in a competitive environment.他不愿意在压力下工作，也不愿意在竞争性的环境中工作。【练习】1.语法填空Parents need to enc
22、ourage kids to develop their potential (潜力) without putting too much pressure(press) on them.2.完成句子有些人在压力下工作得更好，所以适度的压力可能是有帮助的。Some people work better under pressure , so moderate pressure may be helpful.我知道学习很重要，但父母给我施加了太多的压力。I know studying is very important, but my parents put too much pressure o
23、n me .8. recover vi. 恢复健康痊愈，康复；复原，恢复常态【用法归纳】recover from. 从中恢复过来It took a long time for him to recover from a bad cold.他患了重感冒，很长时间才恢复。【拓展】相关词语积累：recovery n. U,C, usually sing.恢复，痊愈make a quick/ slow recovery恢复很快/缓慢 make a full recovery完全康复【练习】语法填空I hope you can take at least one hours exercise each
24、day after you recover from your illness. This medicine is quite beneficial(有益的) to your recovery (recover )after the operation, if you take it as told.9. injury n. U, C伤害，损伤【用法归纳】injury to对的伤害do sb. an injury= do an injury to sb.伤害某人Mike is out of the basketball team because of a terrible head injur
25、y /a terrible injury to his head.迈克因头部受了重伤而退出了篮球队。Dont do that. Youll do yourself an injury. 别那样做，你会把自己弄伤的。【辨析比较】injury/wound/harm/hurt易混词区别injury多指对身体、精神等的伤害，尤指意外事故中的伤害。The driver received serious injuries to the legs and arms.那位司机的双腿和双臂严重受伤。wound多指战斗、攻击中造成的伤口或心灵上的创伤。He received a bad leg wound in
26、the battle.战斗中，他腿部受了重伤。harm多表示精神上的伤害，也可指身体上的伤害，常构成短语 do harm to“损害，伤害”和do sb. harm “对某人有害”。I mean no harm to her. 我对她并无恶意。hurt普通用语，多指肉体的疼或对心灵的伤害。This failure was a great hurt to me. 这次失败对我而言是个很大的伤害。【拓展】相关词语积累：【练习】1.语法填空My brother took part in the football matchin spite of the injury to his left leg.
27、He tried his best tocomfort the injured (injure) and told them help was on the way.2.选词填空: wound/hurt/harm/ injuryIf penicillin(青霉素) had not been available, many people would have died from sickness or even small woundsin World War .Coach, can I continue with the training?Sorry, you cant, as you hav
28、ent recovered from the knee injury . Smoking does great harm to his health; whats worse, last week his girlfriends leaving was a great hurt to him.10. challenge【用法归纳】(1)n. C挑战face a challenge面临挑战take up / accept a challenge接受挑战meet a challenge迎接挑战When you face a challenge, you must believe you can o
29、vercome it and never give up. 当你面临挑战的时候，你必须坚信你会克服它，而且绝对不放弃。He was very confident and always ready to accept/ take up any challenge.他很自信，总是随时准备好接受任何挑战。Life is a challenge, and only those who meet the challenge truly know what it means.生活是一个挑战，只有那些迎接挑战的人才能真正体会其意义。(2)vt.向挑战；对表示怀疑 challenge sb. to sth.向
30、某人挑战某事，邀请某人比赛某事challenge sb. to do sth.向某人挑战做某事Mary challenged me to another tennis game. 玛丽邀请我和她再比一场网球。Nowadays no one will challenge the fact that the earth goes round the sun.现在没有人会对地球绕着太阳转这一事实表示怀疑。语境串记 There is a challenge from Class Two. They want to challenge us to a basketball game, so we hav
31、e to be ready to meet the challenge next week. 二班(向我们)发起了挑战。他们想邀请我们跟他们比一场篮球，所以我们必须做好准备，下周迎接这个挑战。【拓展】相关词语积累:challenger n.C挑战者challenging adj.挑战性的【练习】1.语法填空I, as the first challenger in my class, challenged Li Hua, who was good at English, to learn 100 new words by heart within half an hour. It was re
32、ally a challenging thing, and he gladly accepted the challenge . Much to my happiness, I beat him in the end. (challenge)2.完成句子当我面临挑战时，我总会对自己说一句简单的话“做你自己”。When I face challenges , I always say to myself the simple words “Be yourself”.昨天下午我们班里的女孩们邀请男孩们打一场篮球赛。The girls in our class challenged the boys
33、 to a basketball game yesterday afternoon.11. arise【用法归纳】(1)vi.出现，发生；(由)引起，(因)产生 arise from/ out of. 由引起，因产生We should always keep in mind that accidents arise from carelessness while driving. 我们应该一直牢记开车时粗心大意会引发事故。(2)vi. 起立，起身，起床I was to arise to answer the doorbell when the phone rang.我正要起身去开门，突然电话响
34、了。The newspaper deliverers have to arise before dawn every day. 送报人每天黎明前就得起床。【辨析】arise/rise/raise易混词区别arise(arose,arisen)vi. 意为“出现，产生”时，主语多为抽象名词。A new difficulty has arisen. 新的困难出现了。rise(rose,risen)vi. “升起，上升；起立”，说明主语自身移向较高的位置，既表示具体又表示抽象的动作。如：日、月等的升起，人从跪、坐、躺等姿势站立起来。rise还有“(数量)增加”之意。The sun rises in
35、the east and sets in the west. 太阳从东方升起在西方落下。He looked at Lucy and Mark, who had risen to greet him. 他看着站起来跟他打招呼的露西和马克。raise(raised,raised)vt. “举起，提起，提升”，说明主语发出的动作是要作用于其他事物的。 raise还有“养育；筹募；提高(数量，水平)”之意。She raised her finger to her lips as a sign of silence.她举起一根手指放在唇边，示意安静。Were raising money for char
36、ity.我们在进行慈善募捐。【练习】1.判断下列句子中 arise的含义Are there any matters arising from the minutes of the last meeting? 由引起Misunderstanding is likely to arise if people fail to communicate with each other. 出现，发生Seeing the teacher walking into the classroom, all the students arose immediately. 起立2.选词填空: arise/rise/
37、raise In class, the students usually raise their hands first and then rise to answer the teachers questions. In this game youre supposed to work together as a team and solve the problems as they arise . With the level of haze(霾) raising greatly, many people work to raise public awareness(意识) of envi
38、ronmental protection.重点句型分析1. What is also very different isthat students in the same classcan have different class schedules.(听力材料，教材P6) 同样非常不同的是，同一个班级的学生可以有不同的课程表。【句式剖析】本句的结构分析如下：What is also very different is that students in the same class can have different class schedules.What引导的主语从句，What在从句中作
39、主语that引导的表语从句【考点提炼】that导的表语从句在复合句中作表语的从句叫表语从句。that引导表语从句时，在从句中无具体含义，也不作任何句子成分，只起连接作用，但通常不省略。The reason why a lot of young people come to this big city is that they want to seek happiness as well as success.很多年轻人来到这座大城市的原因是他们想寻求幸福和成功。What impressed me most at the concert was that such a little boy co
40、uld play the violin sowell.这场音乐会给我留下最深刻印象的是那样小的一个男孩小提琴竟拉得那么好。【练习】语法填空(北京高考单项填空改编) The most pleasant thing of the rainy season is that one can be entirely free from dust.(天津耀华中学模考) The only problem is that we kept getting lost! But people in TianJin are very friendly and helpful.2. Well, a doctors li
41、fe can be quite stressful as I have many patients to see.(听力材料，教材P7)嗯，医生的生活是非常有压力的，因为我要给很多病人看病。【句式剖析】本句的结构分析如下：Well, a doctors life can be quite stressfulas I have many patients to see.主句as引导的原因状语从句【考点提炼】as引导的原因状语从句as引导原因状语从句，表示“因为，由于”。常用来表示已为人们所知或显而易见的原因或理由。as在引导原因状语从句时一般放在句首，语气较弱，较口语化。As she wrote
42、 hurriedly, she didnt notice the spelling errors.因为写得仓促，她没有注意到其中的拼写错误。She may need some help as she is new.她可能需要一些帮助，因为她是新来的。【练习】结合as的用法完成句子我每天都在使用英语，并花一个小时在图书馆里读英文书，因此我的英语有了很大进步。My English has improved a lotasI use English every dayand spend an hour each day readingEnglish books in the library基础练知识
43、巩固建议时间：15分钟一、单词拼写(用本部分所学单词)1.(2020天津市第一中学月考) Dont give up. Instead,youshould always take a positive attitude towards yourfuture.2.(浙江宁波效实中学期中) British English differs fromAmerican English in many aspects, such as spelling, pronunciation and so on.3. It took her a long time to recover from her heart
44、operation.4.(2020海南中学期末) We faced a series ofchallenges (挑战) during the competition, but finally we won first prize.5. The job applicant must have good communication skills, and previous (以前的) working experience.6. The driver of the truck suffered injuries (伤) to his legsand arms.7. Most people only
45、 have a limited amount of leisure (闲暇)time.8.(天津一中期末) I cant see you next week because my schedule (日程表) is very tight.9.(山东青岛期中) Thank you for sharing this encouragingstory with us, which has increased our confidence (信心)and passion.10. We tried to get tickets, but unfortunately (令人遗憾地)theywere alr
46、eady sold out.二、语法填空。在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。1. He has worked for nearly 20 years, so he is senior to most of his colleagues(同事).2.(山东师大附中期中) The exhibition(展览会) is scheduled to run (run)from January until March.3. Considering the injuries hes had, there can be little expectation (expect)of him win
47、ning the race.4. The determined look on his face showed that he hadconfidence in himself.5.(2020山东滨州期末) Challenges like this are likely to put you under great pressure.6. To our great joy, the boy is recovering from his illness.7.(山东师范大学附中期中) In the coming three years,ourschool life will be challeng
48、ing (challenge).8. We should not mind what others say so long as we areconfident about what we have done.9. What surprised me most was that such a little boy ofseven could play the piano so well.10. Encouraging (encourage) children to stay in touch withnature, I think, will benefit(使受益) them in the
49、long run.三、完成句子1.总的说来，我觉得你做得很不错。(all)All in all , I think youve done verywell.2.那位老人的手术将如期进行。(schedule n.)The operation on the old man will be done on schedule .3.我们听说了很多关于这家餐馆的事，但它并没有达到我们的期望。(expectation)We had heard so much about the restaurant but it did not live up to/meet our expectations .4.因为
50、天色渐晩，我决定找家旅馆投宿。(As引导的原因状语从句)As it was getting late , I decided to book into ahotel.能力提升阅读理解建议时间：12分钟AAre you a high school student? Then consider spending your summer at Harvard, where you can explore a variety of college-level courses, and live and learn with students from different countries.TWO C
51、HOICES TO CHOOSE FROM: Pre-College ProgramA two-week residential (住宿的) experience featuring noncredit(无学分的) coursesSESSION (期) : June 24July 6SESSION : July 820SESSION : July 22August 3The program features:A choice of over 100 noncredit courses designed for precollege students.On-campus (校内的) housin
52、g with fellow pre-college students and residential staff.Structured days, with weekday class meetings and pre-college activities.The fee for the Harvard Pre-College Program session is $4,500.The Pre-College Program cost includes:CoursesHousing and all mealsOff-campus activitiestransportation and mos
53、t entrance feesSecondary School ProgramCollege courses for credits in a seven -week session, June 23August 11The program features:College courses (over 200 to choose from), which you attend with college students, other high school students, and professionals from around the world.Credits you can tra
54、nsfer to a college in the future.The choice to live on campus, commute (走读), or study online.The freedom to schedule your days.For students living on campus, the average cost of attending the program is $11,900, which includes fees for two 4-credit courses ($3,050 for each course) or one 8-credit co
55、urse ($6,100), room and meal fees, and a health insurance fee. For those attending as a commuting or online student, the cost ranges from $3,050 to $6,100 depending on the number of courses taken.1. What do we know about the Harvard Pre-College Program?A. You dont need to gain credits.B. You are fre
56、e to arrange your day.C. You can live with the local family.D. You have over 200 courses to choose from.2. What should you pay for besides the Pre-College Program cost?A. Courses.B. All meals.C. Off -campus activities.D. The transportation to Harvard.3. How much should you pay to take one 4-credit c
57、ourse online?A. $3,050.B. $4,500.C. $6,100.D. $11,900.BAfter I made it to the city center, I started to feel it might be easy for a foreigner to deal with the great size of Beijing. With growing confidence, I decided to take the subway to the hotel, not realizing that the network didnt go that far.
58、Impressed with the cleanliness of the station, I bought a ticket and boarded the first subway that came along.After a few minutes I asked in English a young man seated next to me where I should get off closest to the Friendship Hotel. Wearing a smart business suit and tie, he would surely speak Engl
59、ish, wouldnt he? Unfortunately, he couldnt understand me but seemed very friendly. I showed him the room card with all the information of the Friendship Hotel in Chinese characters (汉字). He looked at it, and then his eyes moved quickly to the carriage (车厢) subway map. Next, he raised three fingers o
60、f his right hand.In Australia, raising fingers at someone is not usually nice, but this man wasnt smiling. At the next station he showed me two fingers. Now in Australia, thats really rude, but I got the message. When we stopped at the third station, he didnt just point to the door, but got up, took
61、 me out of the train, and led me to the top of the stairs, and out onto the street. Then he stopped a taxi and told the driver where to take me.All this came from a man who couldnt speak my language, and I couldnt speak his. I was now speechless, especially when he refused my offer of money. I felt
62、a little embarrassed having even thought he would accept a tip.This experience made it clear I had to learn some Chinese quickly or my adventures might start turning into misadventures.4. The author decided to take the subway because _.A. he believed in his ability to deal with the tripB. the networ
63、k covered most of the stopsC. he lived near the city centerD. he had a good impression of its cleanliness5. Having been shown the room card, the young man _.A. still remained puzzledB. understood the author wellC. answered the author directlyD. pointed at the subway map6. Which of the following cant
64、 be used to describe the young man?A. Helpful.B. Rude.C. Warmhearted.D. Caring.7. The authors purpose of writing this passage is mainly to _.A. prove the importance of being carefulB. introduce a young man who didnt know EnglishC. complain some cultural misunderstandingD. describe one of his adventu
65、rous experiences阅读题答案1.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由Pre-College Program中的“A two-week residential (住宿的) experience featuring noncredit courses”可知，该项目不修学分。2.【答案】D【解析】细节理解题。由Pre-College Program中的“The Pre-College Program cost includes”可知，该项目的收费包括课程学习、食宿以及课外活动的交通和大部分的门票费用。D项需要另付费。3.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。由Secondary School Pr
66、ogram最后一段中的“which includes fees for two 4-credit courses ($3,050 for each course) For those attending as a commuting or online student, the cost ranges from $3,050 to $6,100 depending on the number of courses taken.”可知，假如你在线参加Secondary School Program，选择一门4个学分的课程，需要付款3,050美元。4.【答案】A【解析】细节理解题。根据第一段中“W
67、ith growing confidence, I decided to take the subway to the hotel, not realizing that the network didnt go that far.”可知，作者是出于自信才决定乘坐地铁的。5.【答案】B【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段中“I showed him the room card with all the information of the Friendship Hotel in Chinese characters. He looked at it, and then his eyes moved
68、quickly to the carriage subway map. Next, he raised three fingers of his right hand.”可知，作者展示房卡后，年轻人快速看了一下车厢的地铁地图，并且伸出了右手的三根手指。因此可推知年轻人理解了作者的意思。6.【答案】B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段中“When we stopped at the third station, he didnt just point to the door, but got up, took me out of the train, and led me to the top of the stairs, and out onto the street. Then he stopped a taxi and told the driver where to take me.”可知，年轻人不仅提示作者下车而且帮作者打出租车并告诉司机作者要去的地方，所以这个年轻人是热心、体贴、乐于助人的，故选B。7.【答案】D【解析】主旨大意题。通读本文可知，本文讲述了作者作为一个外国人在北京乘坐地铁到酒店时一路上的冒险经历。故选D。