1、课时作业15Developing ideas & Presenting ideasI ride the bus to and from work as my daily routine. Im a peoplewatcher. For many months, I _1_ an elderly man get on at one of the stops, and always head to the back of the bus.He wore the same clothes every day, and they were _2_ but clean. I never spoke wi
2、th this gentleman, but I could tell he seemed like he led a _3_ existence. One day, when I was driving to work, I noticed the gentleman on a street corner, with a _4_ “PLEASE HELP” in his hand asking for financial _5_.I got home that day, and wrote him a note, saying I was grateful for _6_ little I
3、had in my life, and that I wanted to _7_ some of it with him. I _8_ a small amount of money, and the next day I gave him the note and money in an envelope when he got on the bus. The next day, he _9_ me a note on the bus.The note _10_： Hi Larissa. Thank you very much for your _11_. The money will be
4、 used to buy next months bus pass. Your note certainly provided a very pleasant, _12_ start to the week. I hope you continue to _13_ a charmed lifeJohn.A feeling of warmth and trust _14_ while I was reading the note.I will keep his note forever! We now smile and _15_ each other on the bus every morn
5、ing. What a charmed life I have!本文属于记叙文，讲述作者坐公交车经常遇见一个老人，穿得很旧但是很干净。一次得知老人需要帮助，作者写了一封信并给了老人一些钱，老人回信表示感谢，这样做让作者觉得生活很有意义。1A.let BhadChelpedDnoticed答案：D解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.let让；B.had使；C.helped帮助；D.noticed注意。根据后文always head to the back of the bus可知，老人总是喜欢坐后排，故可知，作者注意到老人的行为，故选D。2A.wellwornBwellpreservedCwelldre
6、ssed Dwellmade答案：A解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.wellworn用旧了的；B.wellpreserved保存好的；C.welldressed穿着好的；D.wellmade制作好的。根据本句but clean可知，穿得很旧，但是干净，故选A。3A.busyBmeaningfulChappyDsimple答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.busy忙碌的；B.meaningful有意义的；C.happy愉快的；D.simple简单的。根据前文He wore the same clothes every day可知，每天穿的衣服一样，很旧但是干净，故可知老人过的生活似乎很简单，故
7、选D。existence意思为生活。4A.noteBsignCbrochureDposter答案：B解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.note 留言；B.sign标志牌；C.brochure 宣传单；D.poster海报。根据本句可知，老人站在街角，手里拿着一张标志牌，故选B。5A.adviceBplanCassistanceDinvestment答案：C解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.advice建议；B.plan计划；C.assistance 帮助；D.investment投资。根据句意可知，老人拿着标志牌，上面写着帮帮我，寻求经济帮助，故选C。6A.whyBthatChowDwhat答案：D解析：
8、考查连词词义辨析。A.why为什么；B.that引导名词性从句，无意义；C.how多么；D.what多么。根据句意可知，本句为感叹句，little作had的宾语，故用what修饰，故选D。7A.shareBsaveCdivideDcollect答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.share分享；B.save节约，拯救；C.divide划分；D.collect收集。根据句意可知，作者想要与老人分享，故选A。8A.raisedBincludedCaddedDpresented答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.raised筹集；B.included包括；C.added 增加；D.presented
9、赠送，陈述。根据句意可知，作者不仅写了一封留言给老人，还给了一些钱，故选B。9A.returnedBhandedCsentDawarded答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.returned归还；B.handed递；C.sent 发送；D.awarded奖励。根据句意可知，作者给了一个信封给老人，老人第二天给了一封信给作者，故选B。10A.announcedBwroteCreadDreplied答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.announced通知；B.wrote写；C.read 写着；D.replied回复。根据句意可知，留言上写着，故选C。11A.generosityBguidance
10、CaffectionDapology答案：A解析：考查名词词义辨析。A.generosity慷慨；B.guidance指导；C.affection喜爱；D.apology道歉。根据前文and the next day I gave him the note and money in an envelope when he got on the bus.可知，作者把装在信封里的便签和钱给了老人，故老人感谢作者的慷慨，故选A。12A.quickBsuddenCeffortlessDuplifting答案：D解析：考查形容词词义辨析。A.quick迅速的；B.sudden突然；C.effortles
11、s不费力的；D.uplifting使人开心的。根据句意可知，作者的留言让老人很开心，故选D。13A.seekBenjoyCchallengeDexpect答案：B解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.seek寻找；B.enjoy享受；C.challenge 挑战；D.expect期望。根据后文What a charmed life I have！可知，老人祝愿作者继续享受幸福的生活，故选B。14A.broke outBran offCcrowded inDcooled down答案：C解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.broke out爆发；B.ran off跑掉；C.crowded in冲入，涌入；D.co
12、oled down冷静下来。根据句意可知，作者读到留言的时候，内心满是温暖和信任，故选C。15A.greetBtouchCcontactDkiss答案：A解析：考查动词词义辨析。A.greet打招呼；B.touch触摸；C.contact联系；D.kiss亲吻。根据句意可知，现在作者经常与老人打招呼，故选A。AEach year, Time magazine picks the best of the years inventions that will change how we live, work, and play.AiraFor people who are blind, every
13、day tasks such as walking to school or doing laundry can be tough. What if they could “borrow” the eyes of someone who can see? Thats the thinking behind Aira. Aira is a service. Users send live videoes of their surroundings to an agent. This is done with special glasses or a smartphone app. The age
14、nts are always available. They can answer questions, describe objects, and guide users through a location.3M Smogreducing GranulesSmog is a type of air pollution. It comes from car and factory emissions. The company 3M has created a new material, 3M smogreducing granules，which can break down smog gr
15、anules in the air. The brokendown granules are washed away the next time it rains. The granules will help reduce air pollution.The Whill Model CIMore than 3 million Americans use wheelchairs to get around. But most wheelchairs are hard to move on many surfaces. The Whill Model CI is different. It is
16、 a new electric wheelchair. It can climb obstacles two inches high and move around in tight spaces. The wheelchair can also be taken apart in minutes. This makes it easy to transport.AllbirdsMany shoe parts are not ecofriendly. Allbirds is trying to change that. It is testing a new material called S
17、weet Foam, which is made from parts of the sugarcane (甘蔗) plant that would be thrown away. Allbirds has started using Sweet Foam in a line of flipflops (人字拖). It plans to use the material in more of its product lines.本文是一篇应用文，介绍了时代杂志选出的几个改变我们生活、工作和娱乐方式的最佳发明。1Who is Aira fit for?ALaundry workers.BBli
18、nd people.CHigh school students.DService agents.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“For people who are blind, everyday tasks such as walking to school or doing laundry can be tough.”可知，Aira适合盲人，故B项正确。2Whats the aim of designing the Whill Model CI?ATo drive a car easily.BTo reduce traffic accidents.CTo overcome obs
19、tacles in life.DTo offer the disabled convenience.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第四段中的“It can climb obstacles two inches high and move around in tight spaces. The wheelchair can also be taken apart in minutes. This makes it easy to transport.”可知，Whill Model CI能爬上两英寸高的障碍物，在狭小的空间里活动。也可以在几分钟内拆卸，便于运输，由此可知，设计Whill Model
20、 CI的目的是为使用轮椅的残疾人提供方便，故D项正确。3Which inventions are environmentally friendly?AAira and the Whill Model CI.BThe Whill Model CI and Allbirds.C3M Smogreducing Granules and Allbirds.DAira and 3M Smogreducing Granules.答案：C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中“3M smogreducing granules，which can break down smog granules in the air
21、.”和最后一段中的“Many shoe parts are not ecofriendly. Allbirds is trying to change that”可知，3M减雾颗粒可以分解空气中的烟雾颗粒，Allbirds鞋的部件是环保的，由此可知它们两个是环保的，故C项正确。BWhen we found him, he was a sorry sight. His clothes were torn, his hands bleeding. Before we reached him, we saw him fall. He lay a moment. Then he pulled hims
22、elf to his feet, walked unsteadily a few yards through the woods and fell again. After we got him out, we went back to find the gun that he had thrown down. His tracks showed that for two days he had circled in the forest, within 200 yards of the road. His senses were so dulled by fear and tiredness
23、 that he did not hear the cars going by or see the lights at night. We found him just in time.This man, like others before him, had simply been frightened when he knew he was lost. What had been a near disaster might have turned out as only a pleasant walk, if he had made a few preparations before h
24、e stepped from the highway or off a known path.Whatever sense of direction that a man may have, its still largely a question of observation. A skilled woodsman always keeps an eye on his surroundings. He notes the shape of a mountain, the direction water flows through a swamp, and the way a tree lea
25、ns across a path. With these in mind, he is still likely to turn around many times, but he is seldom lost.There are exceptions, of course, and once in a while a man does come across some strange problem that puts him into the “lost” situation. A rainstorm may catch him without a compass in his pocke
26、t. Darkness may find him in a rough area, where travel is dangerous without a light.When this happens, the normal first reaction is the fear of being laughed at as a result of his poor knowledge in the woods. He may also be concerned about the inconvenience that he will cause his friends when he doe
27、snt show up. This false pride may lead him to keep on the move in a false effort to find his way against all difficulties.The person who thinks ahead is seldom in great danger. Hell be safe if he observes carefully, thinks ahead, and remains calm.本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个人在森林中迷路的故事，并告诉我们要想在森林中找到路，观察是最重要的。4The
28、writer suggested that if the man had not been found, _.Ahe would have been shot by a gunBhe would have become confusedChe would have been attacked by wild animalsDhe would have been in great danger答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“His senses were so dulled by fear and tiredness that he did not hear the cars goin
29、g by or see the lights at night.”可知，他的感官由于恐惧和疲劳而变得迟钝，既听不到汽车驶过，也看不见灯光，由此可知，如果没有被及时找到，他的处境将是很危险的，故D项正确。5According to the text, if a person gets lost in the forest, at the very beginning, _.Ahe will worry about being laughed atBhe will push himself to find his way outChe will feel sorry that he didnt p
30、repare well enoughDhe will feel it is convenient to ask for help from his friends答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中的“When this happens, the normal first reaction is the fear of being laughed at as a result of his poor knowledge in the woods.”可知，当一个人在森林里迷路时，他的第一反应是因自己森林知识的贫乏而被别人嘲笑，故A项正确。6What is the most importan
31、t when a person tries to find his way in the woods?AIntelligence.BObservation.CDirection.DChance.答案：B解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Whatever sense of direction that a man may have, its still largely a question of observation.”可知，不论一个人的方向感如何，这在很大程度上是一个观察的问题，再结合后面的樵夫很少迷路的例子可知，要想在森林中找到路，观察是最重要的，故B项正确。7The writer tel
32、ls the story of the lost man as an example of people who_.Ago into the woods by themselvesBkeep their head when they are in troubleCare frightened when they think they are lostDdont know how to signal for help properly答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“This man, like others before him, had simply been frightened
33、when he knew he was lost.”可知，和他以前的人一样，这个人知道自己迷路时，只知道害怕，由此可知，作者讲述了一个迷路的人的故事，作为一个当人们认为迷路时感到害怕的例子，故C项正确。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。The reason why some of us enjoy taking risks might have something to do with early humans. Risktakers were better at hunting, fighting or exploring. Being better at th
34、ose things meant a _1_ (great) chance of survival. As the quality of risktaking _2_ (pass) from one generation to the next, humans ended up with a sense of adventure and a tolerance for risk.You may wonder _3_ not all people enjoy taking risks. Well, even 200,000 years ago, too much risktaking could
35、 get one _4_ (kill). As a result, humans developed a range of character types _5_ still exist today. So maybe you love car racing, _6_ maybe you hate it. It all depends on your character.No matter where you are on the riskseeking range, scientists say that your _7_ (willing) to take risks increases
36、during your teenage years.This is when you start to move away from your family and into the bigger world. _8_ (help) you do that, your brain increases your hunger for new experiences. New experiences often mean _9_ (take) some risks, so your brain raises your tolerance for risk as well.As experts co
37、ntinue studying human brains, well know more _10_ the science of riskseeking.本文是一篇说明文。文章讲述了人们喜欢冒险的原因和科学依据。1greater解析：考查形容词比较级。这里用great的比较级与句中的better相呼应。2was_passed解析：考查动词的时态和语态。主语“the quality of risktaking”是谓语动词动作pass的承受者，需用被动语态；这里是描述过去发生的事，用一般过去时。3why解析：考查名词性从句。本空后的内容解释了为什么不是所有的人都喜欢冒险，故用why引导宾语从句。4
38、killed解析：考查非谓语动词。过去分词killed作宾语补足语，宾语one与宾补动作kill之间是动宾关系。5that/which解析：考查定语从句。关系代词that/which指代先行词“a range of character types”，引导定语从句，并在从句中作主语。6or解析：考查连词。前后两个分句在意义上是选择关系，故用or连接。7willingness解析：考查词性转换。空格中所填单词前有形容词性物主代词your，且在句中作主语，故用willing的名词形式。8To_help解析：考查非谓语动词。“To help you do that”是不定式短语作目的状语。9taking解析：考查非谓语动词。mean doing sth.意思是“意味着做某事”。10about解析：考查介词。know about sth.是习惯搭配，意思是“了解，知道”。