1、课时作业23基础检测1We had to struggle (搏斗) against strong winds all the way.2Christina has her own apartment (公寓)，with her own car.3Its only five minutes walk to the subway (地铁) station.4Fitness is important in sport，but of at least equal (同样的) importance are skills.5There have been demands (要求) for the pri
2、me minister to resign.6The beauty of the waterfall is beyond description (形容)7You can relate (讲述) your experience in the discussion.8Its very rude to stick your tongue (舌头) out at people.9There is a gap (间隔) of ten miles between the two villages.10There are many gas/petrol (汽油) stations along this r
3、oad.1He has been struggling for success in business.2Men and women should be treated equally (equal) according to the law，but in fact there is great room for improvement.3Medical workers are in great demand in that area.4What he said doesnt relate to his action.5In my opinion，its always a good idea
4、to be kind and polite.6I have some trouble in translating (translate) the article.7Whether we need more food depends on how many people turn up.8I dont mind letting (let) you read my poem.9So far they havent decided where to_go (go)10She wore a red coat in the station in order to make her recognised
5、 (recognise) by her son easily.能力提升ASome people learn a second language easily.Other people have trouble learning a new language.How can you help yourself learn a new language，such as English? There are several ways to make learning English a little easier and more interesting.The first step is to f
6、eel positive about learning English.If you believe that you can learn，you will learn.Be patient.You do not have to understand everything all at once.It is natural to make mistakes when you learn something new.We can learn from our mistakes.In other words，do not worry about taking risks.The second st
7、ep is to practice your English.For example，write in a journal，or diary，every day.You will get used to writing in English，and you will feel comfortable expressing your ideas in English.After several weeks，you will see that your writing is improving.In addition，you must speak English every day.You can
8、 practice with your classmates outside class.You will all make mistakes，but gradually you will become comfortable communicating in English.The third step is to keep a record of your language learning.You can write this in your journal.After each class，think about what you did.Did you answer a questi
9、on correctly? Did you understand something the teacher explained? Perhaps the lesson was difficult，but you tried to understand it.Write these accomplishments in your journal.You must be positive about learning English and believe that you can do it.It is important to practice every day and make a re
10、cord of your achievements.You will enjoy learning English，and you will have more confidence in yourself.文章大意：文章主要讲了关于如何更容易地学好另一门语言的方法和建议。1When you learn English，you dont need to _.Abe patientBmake mistakesCexpress your ideas in EnglishDunderstand everything all at once答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中You do not h
11、ave to understand everything all at once.可知当你学英语的时候没必要立刻理解一切。故选D。2Which is NOT helpful for you to enjoy learning English?ATo communicate in English.BTo worry about making mistakes.CTo think about what has been done after classes.DTo make a record of your achievements.答案：B解析：细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句In other w
12、ords，do not worry about taking risks.可知担忧犯错误对学英语没好处。故选B。3What is the main idea of this passage?AIt is very important to learn a second language.BSome people learn a second language easily while other people do not.CThere are ways to help you learn a second language more easily.DDont worry about maki
13、ng mistakes when learning a second language.答案：C解析：主旨大意题。文章主要讲了关于如何更容易地学好另一门语言的方法和建议。故选C。BIf you want to become a fluent English speaker, you should take some advice.There are four skills in learning English. They are reading, listening, speaking, and writing. The most important thing you must remem
14、ber is that if you want to improve your speaking and writing skills, you should first master the skills of reading and listening.Read as much as you can. But your reading must be active. It means that you must think about the meaning of the sentence, the meaning of the unfamiliar words, etc. There i
15、s no need for you to pay much attention to grammars or try to understand all the unfamiliar words you come_across,_but the fact that you see them for the first time and recognize them whenever you see them, for example, in other passages or books, is enough. It would be better to prepare yourself a
16、notebook so you can write down the important words or sentences in it.As for listening, there are two choices: besides reading, you can listen every day for about 30 minutes. You can only pay attention to your reading and become skillful at your reading, then you can catch up on your listening. Sinc
17、e you have lots of inputs in your mind, you can easily guess what the speaker is going to say. This never means that you should not practice listening.For listening, you can listen to cartoons or some movies that are specially made for children. Their languages are easy. Or if you are good at listen
18、ing, you can listen to VOA or BBC programs every day. Again the thing to remember is being active in listening and preferably taking some notes.If you follow these pieces of advice, your speaking and writing will improve automatically, and you can be sure that with a little effort they will become p
19、erfect.文章大意：如果你想成为一个英语流利的人，你要听取一些建议：先提高阅读和听力技能，再带动说和写的技能的提高。4According to the author, which should you improve first among the four skills?AReading and listening.BReading and writing.CWriting and speaking.DSpeaking and listening.答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知，作者认为要想提高说和写的能力，首先要掌握读和听。5The underlined phrase
20、 “come across” in Paragraph 2 can probably be replaced by “_”Ameet by accidentBdiscoverCfind on purposeDlook for答案：A解析：词义猜测题。此处是告诉读者没有必要去理解遇到的所有的不熟悉的单词，由此可推知come across指“偶然遇到”。6The author seems to agree with the view that _.Aeveryone should listen to VOA or BBC programs every dayByou neednt practice
21、 listening if you keep on reading every dayCbeing good at reading is helpful in improving your listeningDyou should take notes of whatever you are hearing答案：C解析：推理判断题。根据第三段第二句可知，作者认为多阅读有助于提高听力。7The passage is mainly about how to _.Achoose suitable listening materialsBdeal with new words in readingCi
22、mprove your English as quickly as possibleDbecome fluent in speaking and writing English答案：D解析：主旨大意题。文章第一句话便点明主题，接着用大量篇幅阐述了如何通过提高阅读和听力技能，从而带动说和写的技能的提高，成为a fluent English speaker。阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。I grew up in one of the poorest communities on the south side of Atlanta，US and was raised
23、 by a single mother who didnt finish 3rd grade.Not many people expected much of me，so I had to expect something of _1_.On my 13th birthday，I bought a poster of Harvard and put it up in my room.Being at Harvard was _2_I dreamt about all the time though many people thought it was far _3_ my reach.I wo
24、uld bum the midnight oil, _4_ (bury) in piles of books.Id begin my day by asking myself these two questions，“What do I want in my life？” and “Are the things I am doing today going to get me closer to that life？” _5_ (remind) myself of my goal each made it easy to say no to the same choices I saw my
25、peers making，because those paths wouldnt have taken me closer to my goal.Asking myself those questions gave me the courage and energy to study just one more hour on my SATs when my friends were asleep; and it gave me the determination to submit(提交)just one more scholarship _6_ (apply) when 180 other
26、s had already turned me down.On March 31st,2011, _7_email arrived from Harvard.The first word was “Congratulations！” A month later，Harvard invited me to visit the campus _8_ for the first time I got to see inside Sanders Theater，tour Widener Library and eat dinner in Annenberg Hall.I couldnt wait to
27、 start my _9_ (explore) here.Who you are today is the result of the decisions that _10_ (make) earlier，and who you will be tomorrow will be the result of the choices you make today.Who do you want to be tomorrow?文章大意：这是一篇夹叙夹议的文章。文章作者通过自己的亲身经历说明今天的你是早些时候所做决定的结果，明天的你是你今天所做决定的结果。1myself解析：考查反身代词。句意：没有多
28、少人对我期望很高，所以我必须对自己有所期待。文中表示“我自己”，所以填myself。2what解析：考查表语从句。_2_ I dreamt about all the time是一个表语从句，引导词在从句中作dreamt about的宾语，表示“我梦想的事情”，所以填what。3beyond解析：考查固定用法。句意：进入哈佛是我一直以来的梦想，尽管很多人认为这远远超出了我的能力范围。beyond ones reach超出某人的能力范围，该用法是固定用法，所以填beyond。4buried解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：我会在成堆的书里挑灯夜战。“我”和“埋藏”之间是被动关系，用过去分词作状语，所以
29、填buried。5reminding解析：考查非谓语动词。I与remind之间是主动关系，用现在分词作状语，所以填reminding。6application解析：考查名词。句意：这让我下定决心，在其他180人已经拒绝我的情况下，再提交一份奖学金申请。该空作submit的宾语，用名词，所以填application。7an解析：考查冠词。句意：一封来自哈佛的电子邮件到来。泛指“一封电子邮件”，email的首字母发音是元音，用不定冠词an。8where解析：考查定语从句。_8_ for the first time I got to see inside Sanders Theater，tour
30、Widener Library and eat dinner in Annenberg Hall.是一个定语从句，修饰先行词the campus，关系词在从句中作地点状语，所以填关系副词where。9exploration解析：考查名词。句意：我迫不及待地想在这里开始我的探索。该空作start的宾语，用名词，所以填exploration。10were_made解析：考查时态和语态。句意：今天的你是早些时候所做决定的结果，明天的你是你今天所做决定的结果。that _10_ (make) earlier是一个定语从句，decisions是先行词，在从句中作主语，decisions与make之间是被
31、动关系，用被动语态，表示发生在过去的事情，用一般过去时，所以填were made。阅读下面短文，根据其内容写一篇60词左右的内容概要。Science cant explain the power of pets, but many studies have shown that the company of pets can help lower blood pressure(血压) and raise chances of recovering from a heart attack, reduce loneliness and spread allround good cheer.Any
32、owner will tell you how much joy a pet brings.For some, an animal provides more comfort than a husband/wife.A 2002 study by Karen Allen of the State University of New York measured stress(紧张) levels and blood pressure in peoplehalf of them pet ownerswhile they performed 5 minutes of mental arithmeti
33、c(心算) or held a hand in ice water.Subjects completed the tasks alone, with a husband/wife, a close friend or with a pet.People with pets did it best.Those tested with their animal friends had smaller change in blood pressure and returned most quickly to baseline heart rates.With pets in the room, pe
34、ople also made fewer math mistakes than when doing in front of other companions.It seems people feel more released (放松) around pets, says Allen, who thinks it may be because pets dont judge.A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may also have an ef
35、fect on your eating habits.Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a year studying 36 fat people and their equally fat dogs who were put on dietandexercise programs; a separate group of 56 people without pets were put on a diet program.On average, people lost about 11 pounds, or 5% of th
36、eir body weight.Their dogs did even better, losing an average of 12 pounds, more than 15% of their body weight.Dog owners didnt lose any more weight than those without dogs but, say researchers, got more exercise overallmostly with their dogsand found it worth doing.Pets_can_help_us_keep_healthy.(要点
37、1)A_study_shows_people feel_more_relaxed_with_pets_around_than_with_other_companions.(要点2)Another_study_suggests_pets_can_affect peoples_eating_habits.(要点3)Researchers_studied_two_groups_of_fat_people_and_found they_lost_almost_the_same_weight.But_people_who_keep_pets_get_more_exercise_with_their_pets.(要点4)