1、课时作业35Travelling abroad.阅读理解ASome of us are afraid of heights, loud noises or tight spaces, while others have fears of more specific things like snakes, spiders or clowns. One fairly universal fear, especially for children, is a fear of the dark. Harmless things we would ignore during the day can be
2、come frightening in the dark of night. Not everything, however, is scarier in the dark. New research by Dong Ping suggests that when the lights are out, we are less fearful of getting a contagious (传染性的) disease.In the new research, participants were asked to first view and evaluate a brief document
3、ary film. Half the participants watched the film with the lights on, and half with the lights off. Each participant sat close to a trained partner, who intentionally coughed and sniffed during the session. Whats more, the partner made precisely the same number of coughs/sniffles each session, regard
4、less of the lighting. Participants then completed a task in which they took_stock_of the possibility of getting seasonal flu. Their judgments of getting the seasonal flu were significantly reduced when the lights became dim (昏暗的)One possibility is that participants tested in the dark were simply les
5、s likely on notice the coughing and sniffing behavior of the partner.However, Dong suggests that the reduction in sensed risk of contagion results from changes in the way that we sense and think about the world. When it is dark, we are more likely to create global features rather than specific detai
6、ls, and this in turn may increase our sensed social distance from others. When we feel that we are more distant from others, our sense of contagion risk decreases.To assess this possibility, Dong copied their initial model and included measures of sensed social distance. Once again participants test
7、ed in the dark reported lower sensed risk of getting the flu than those tested in a bright room. In addition, visual darkness increased participants sensed distance from the trained partner, and this increase in distance brought about the reduction in sensed risk of contagion in the dark. Their fear
8、 of noncontagious diseases didnt depend on the lighting.本文是一篇说明文。黑暗往往给人带来恐惧，然而最新研究表明，当灯光熄灭时，人们对于感染传染性疾病的恐惧反倒减小了。1From Paragraph 1, we know that fears _.Acan take different formsBcan spread quickly in the darkCmay decrease as people grow upDmay make people feel less healthy答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第一段Some of u
9、s are afraid of heights.more specific things like snakes, spiders or clowns.可知，恐惧有各种不同的形式。2What does the underlined phrase “took stock of” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?ACompared. BFigured.CExplained. DDescribed.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据画线单词后的Their judgments of getting the seasonal flu were significantly reduc
10、ed.可推知，研究人员让参与者“估计”他们得流感的可能性，故画线单词意为“估计”。3According to Dong Ping, what made people feel less fearful of getting seasonal flu in the dark?AThe dim light in the room.BTheir attention on the film.CThe familiar environment.DThe sensed social distance.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第四段的When we feel that we are more dist
11、ant from others, our sense of contagion risk decreases.及最后一段的To assess this possibility, Dong copied their initial model and included measures of sensed social distance可知：Dong认为对社交距离的感知是影响人们感觉的主要因素。BFor more and more of todays university students, screen time is competing with seat time. According t
12、o the most recent statistics, 33 percent of college students take at least one online class, 17.6 percent mix online and inclass coursework, and 15.4 percent just take online classes. Each statistic represents an increase over the previous year, which is a trend that has continued since 2011. Howeve
13、r, the increase of screen time in higher education may cause some negative consequences.A Brookings Institution report found that students taking online courses perform worse than students in traditional inperson courses and that experience in these online courses influences performance in future cl
14、asses and the likelihood of dropping out of college as well.In a survey from Kent States new study, based on 452 students at public universities in the American Midwest, researchers confirmed many other behaviors in online courses versus facetoface courses. Students attending online courses reported
15、 higher rates of texting, emailing, checking in with online social networks, watching videos, playing video games and listening to music, while none of these activities is related to their online courses. Whats worse, this could cause a drop in IQ comparable to the mental decline caused by burning t
16、he midnight oil. And this drop may be more than temporary.The studys lead author, Andrew Lepp, mentioned he once witnessed a student taking an online biology class in the school library while streaming a Netflix video. And he added, “Those who always perform various tasks which have nothing to do wi
17、th the class during online educational activities are more likely to fail the final exams.”At a meeting of the Education Writers Association, Spiros Protopsaltis, a professor at George Mason University, told the audience, “The interaction (互动) between students and instructors is an important part of
18、 the educational process.” It could be that this important aspect in the educational process is the pressure to put the phone away and pay attention in most facetoface classrooms. From this aspect, the online revolution might hopefully disrupt (瓦解) itself from within.本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了网络课程的弊端。4How does
19、the author show the situation of online learning in Paragraph 1?ABy stating arguments.BBy raising questions.CBy making comparisons.DBy showing statistical data.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段According to the most recent statistics.and 15.4 percent just take online classes可知，作者通过列举数据表明网络学习的现状。5The Brookings Insti
20、tute report indicates online learning _.Ais less beneficial to students than traditional coursesBshould be responsible for college dropoutsCwill replace inperson courses some dayDrepresent the current educational trend答案：A解析：细节理解题。根据第二段介绍Brookings Institution报告的内容可知，与传统课堂相比，网络课程对学生不太有益。6What does Pa
21、ragraph 3 mainly focus on?AThe activities in online classes.BThe terrible behaviors behind online courses.CThe significance of online courses for universities.DThe popularity of online learning among college students.答案：B解析：主旨大意题。根据第三段内容可知，本段主要介绍了学生在线学习过程中的不良行为。7Which of the following will the autho
22、r probably agree with?ATraditional classes are irreplaceable.BCellphone usage should be banned in classes.CTeachers should help students with online lessons.DSchools should encourage students to take online courses.答案：A解析：观点态度题。根据最后一段The interaction between.hopefully disrupt itself from within可知，传统课
23、堂在教育过程中有着不可取代的重要地位。.七选五Twentyfive years of experience in the field have convinced me that many people who consider themselves to be highly intelligent are not necessarily good thinkers. _1_ There are many aspects of this trap but I shall mention just two.A highly intelligent person can take a view o
24、n a subject and then use his or her intelligence to defend that view. _2_ When a person has a better defence of the view, he or she is less likely to seek out alternatives or listen to anyone else. _3_ As a result, many highly intelligent minds are trapped in poor ideas because they can defend them
25、so well.A second aspect of the intelligence trap is that a person, who has grown up with the notion that he or she is more intelligent than those around, wants to get the most satisfaction from that intelligence. _4_ Such a strategy gives you an immediate result and also establishes your superiority
26、. Being constructive is much less rewarding. It may take years to show that a new idea works. _5_ So it is obvious that being critical and destructive is a much more appealing use of intelligence. This is made even worse by the absurd Western notion that critical thinking is enough.AThey get caught
27、in the intelligence trap.BBut why are intelligent people not good thinkers?CIntelligent people always enjoy arguing with others.DYou also have to depend on the listener liking your idea.EA person with higher intelligence always defends ones view better.FThe quickest and most reliable way is to prove
28、 someone else wrong.GIf you know that you are right, why should you do either of those things?本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了两个常见的高智商误区。1A解析：承接上文中的“highly intelligent”并和空后一句中的“trap”呼应可推知，自以为高智商的人会陷入智商误区，故选A项。2E解析：根据空前一句“A highly intelligent person can take a view on a subject and then use his or her intelligence to
29、defend that view.”可知，高智商的人会更好地维护自己的观点，与下文中的“When a person has a better defence of the view”呼应，故选E项。3G解析：根据空前的“he or she is less likely to seek out alternatives or listen to anyone else”可知，当一个人能更好地维护自己的观点时，其就不会去找其他方法或去聆听别人，故G项符合语境。4F解析：根据空后一句“Such a strategy gives you an immediate result and also est
30、ablishes your superiority.”可推知，这种策略立竿见影，与选项F中的“The quickest and most reliable way”呼应，故F项符合语境。5D解析：根据空后的“So”可推知，空处与空前一句“It may take years to show that a new idea works.”为顺承关系，继续说明建设性观点的劣势所在，故选D项。.语法填空A mulberry (桑树；桑葚) is a plant grown in many parts of the world.Mulberries are quite diverse, making i
31、t hard to provide a proper _1_ (describe). But as a general rule, they grow very quickly as young plants. Their leaves are _2_ (typical) simple, and will drop in the winter. There are three main mulberry species. Black mulberries produce berries which are a dark purple to black color, while red mulb
32、erries produce red berries, and white mulberries bear white fruit. In all _3_ (case), the fruit is quite bitter before it is ripe.As ornamental (装饰性的) plants, mulberry trees can be quite lovely. _4_ only drawback of ornamental mulberries is the fruit, _5_ can get messy if it is not used.In addition
33、to _6_ (be) ornamental, the mulberry has a number of _7_ (value) commercial uses. For example, it is an important source (来源) of food for the silk worm. The worm produces silk which can _8_ (use) to make clothes, scarves, etc. And especially in Asia, mulberry trees can also be quite useful _9_ makin
34、g paper.The hardiness of mulberries varies, depending on the variety. Some can stand extremely cold temperatures, while others cant. If you want to grow mulberries, you can consult the staff at a local nursery _10_ (make) sure that you get a hardy, strong tree that can survive in your area.本文是一篇说明文。
35、介绍了一种比较常见的植物桑树。1description解析：考查名词。根据前面的冠词a以及形容词proper可知，此处应填名词description。2typically解析：考查副词。所填词修饰形容词simple，故填副词。3cases解析：考查名词。case是可数名词，根据限定词all可知，此处应填名词case的复数形式。4The解析：考查冠词。根据限定词only可知，此处应填定冠词the。5which解析：考查定语从句。根据语境和句子结构可知，此处填的是非限制性定语从句的关系词，先行词是fruit，且关系代词作主语，故填which。6being解析：考查非谓语动词。所填动词在句中作介词to的宾语，故填动名词。7valuable解析：考查形容词。所填词修饰名词uses，故填valuable。8be_used解析：考查谓语动词。主语which (silk)与谓语动词use之间是被动关系，故谓语动词用被动语态。9for解析：考查介词。be useful for是固定短语，意为“对有用”，故此处应填介词for。10to_make解析：考查非谓语动词。所填动词在句中作目的状语，故填不定式。