1、课时作业14Astronomy：the science of the stars.阅读理解AThere are some places on earth that humans simply cant reach. Mount Erebus in Antarctica is a good example. The great volcano in the continent offers a potential treasure of ancient DNA in its walls, but theyre off limits to humans. Our lungs simply coul
2、dnt handle the high levels of carbon dioxide in the volcano. Mount Erebus and places like it are why NASA is building an iceclimbing robot called IceWorm.While an organization had developed rockclimbing robots called LEMURs, scientists couldnt find a robot that can specifically take the challenge of
3、 climbing through ice. The IceWorm lead designer, Aaron Curtis, has wished the robot could take the challenge. IceWorm gets its name from the way it moves through the world. Around 1.4 meters tall, the robot stands on the ice with two feet that are equipped with sensors (传感器)The IceWorm had a test r
4、un in a potentially explosive volcanic environment. Curtis says, “Climbing was unsuccessful in the thick snow. But the test proved that its special design could make it be very fit to be in the ice. It climbed the ice for as long as unexpected eight hours.” Curtis also says the robot “wormed slowly
5、up the wall like an inchworm” and that the IceWorm contained “a whole new way to move around” for a robot.Whats the potential for IceWorm? If IceWorm could climb through a wide variety of icy environments while taking samples (样品), it could prove an invaluable tool of study both on earth and in spac
6、e exploration. On the home planet it could explore areas like Mount Erebus. On a faraway mission it could climb through the most frozen areas of worlds like Enceladus or Europa, where 50foottall icy mountain tops frighten many landers.“While using an inchworm as inspiration might be new for a robots
7、 travels, animal inspiration for robotic movement is widespread. Even tiny animals, like inchworms or fruit flies, can give engineers the ideas on leaps forward in robotic technology. Perhaps someday the most advanced robots will catch up with ants，” says David Grossman.本文是一篇说明文。介绍了一个帮助人类探索的机器人。1Wha
8、t does the example of Mount Erebus reflect?ANASAs big discovery of some dangerous places.BThe great civilization created by humans.CSome volcanoes harm to nearby citizens.DThe limitations of our physical ability to explore the world.答案：D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段的There are some places on earth that humans simpl
9、y cant reach.和The great volcano.off limits to humans.可知，举这座火山这个例子说明人类在探索世界时身体方面的局限性。2The test run of IceWorm shows that _.Ait could move forward at a high speedBit would replace LEMURs sooner or laterCit had the sensors enabling it to take plenty of samplesDit could have a good performance in certai
10、n tough environment答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第三段的But the test proved that its special design could make it be very fit to be in the ice. It climbed the ice for as long as unexpected eight hours.可知，这款冰虫机器人能够很好地在冰面上爬行。3Which of the following would David Grossman agree with?AThat some animals characteristics can
11、promote robotic technology.BThat future robots will probably move like IceWorm.CThat future robots will help insects survive in the bad environment.DThat IceWorms invention shows humans devotion to environmental protection.答案：A解析：推理判断题。根据最后一段的内容可知，David Grossman的话说明动物的有些特点能促进机器人技术的进步。BIn todays rapi
12、dly changing workplace and emerging gig economy (零工经济), each year a growing number of top employersfrom Google to IBMare desperately trying to employ graduates to fill open positions. Though colleges contribute millions of smart graduates to the market each year, employers still find it hard to recr
13、uit the persons meeting their requirements. According to a recent Brookings study, were facing an estimated 55 million job openings by 2020 without the workforce to fill them.There is clearly a disconnect between what schools are offering and what employers need, and the skills gap continues to grow
14、 as a result. To fix this, schools need to deliver more career (职业) pathways to more students with the aid of network technology, at an earlier age.All studentswhether they plan to continue their education after high school graduation or notshould begin exploring pathways and developing the skills n
15、eeded for indemand careers during middle and high school.Along with the expansion of career education to more students, we need to reconsider how to deliver it most efficiently and effectively. It is not economically viable,_or necessary, to build large training centers focused on specific career pa
16、thways in each school district. Instead, we can develop a national infrastructure (基础设施) at a lower price that enables every high school student to have access to career training through online learning and local or regional training opportunities. Thanks to new technologies, students are able to le
17、arn technical skills online, from anywhere. For example, we can provide students with exposure to industry experts through live teaching sessions, and use virtual reality to offer 3D anatomy (解剖) and physiology tools to aid in health care education.As the workforce continues to develop, its up to ed
18、ucators to prepare students for it. By applying education technology to a national infrastructure, more students will have a head start to succeed in a rewarding career. And more employers will find employees with the skills they need. For the sake of students and the national economy, its time for
19、career education to catch up with the demands of todays workforce.本文是一篇议论文。文章论述了：为了解决学校教育与雇主需要之间脱节的问题，学校应该借助互联网科技在中学教育阶段扩展职业教育，以满足日新月异的职场需求。4What phenomenon is described in the first paragraph?AA variety of jobs have disappeared in the business world.BGig economy has become a new trend in todays bus
20、iness.CGraduates are desperately eager to work for big companies.DSchools fail to keep pace with workforce demands.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第一段中的each year a growing number of top employers.persons meeting their requirements可知，尽管大学每年为市场贡献数百万毕业生，雇主们仍难以招到符合要求的人，因此第一段描述了“学校跟不上劳动力需求”这一现象。5What are the schools advi
21、sed to do according to the text?ATo encourage more students to go to college.BTo improve students academic performance.CTo raise students awareness of job security.DTo expand career education at secondary education stage.答案：D解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的To fix this, schools need to.with the aid of network techno
22、logy, at an earlier age及第三段中的All students.for indemand careers during middle and high school可知，学校应该在中学教育阶段扩展职业教育。6What does the underlined word “viable” in Paragraph 4 probably mean?AReliable. BPracticable.CProfitable. DComparable.答案：B解析：词义猜测题。根据第四段中的Instead, we can develop a national infrastructure
23、 at a lower price that enables.可知，相对于成本较低的在线学习而言，作者认为建造培训中心，经济上不可行且没有必要。7What is the best title for the text?ANational Infrastructure Vital to Economic GrowthBOnline Learning Academically Beneficial to StudentsCEducation Technology Key to Career ReadinessDCollege Education Fundamental to Success答案：C
24、解析：主旨大意题。综合全文，尤其是最后一段中的By applying education technology to.employees with the skills they need可知，文章主要论述了教育科技在中学教育阶段的职业教育的必要性，其是学生职业准备的关键。.七选五After I completed my high school, I wanted to take a year off as I wasnt sure if I really wanted to go to university and which major to choose. _1_ I signed up
25、 for Raleigh International Expedition and volunteered in the village of Ihanu in Tanzania, where our team worked on environment projects.In Ihanu, our goal was to build a tree nursery. _2_ We took local children to the project base, as well as building an additional nursery at the village school. Th
26、is was really important because it will be these children who continue to take care of the nursery in 10 to 15 years.I was excited to meet people that had the same interests as me in international development and being passionate (有激情的) about creating lasting change in a sustainable (可持续发展的) manner.
27、 Through the project in Tanzania, I built up a number of valuable personal and professional skills. _3_Ive definitely formed a “can do” attitude. _4_ I can say nothing seems too big for me now. Meanwhile, getting on with things and being really helpful and seeing where help is needed made me feel qu
28、ite good._5_ If Id travelled by myself, there would have been no way for me to be a part of the community. By actually living with local people, I learned their ways of life and gained a better understanding of how they think about things.ABefore this, I thought I knew a lot about the world.BBut now
29、 I know this is the best thing I could have done.CWe hope it can help teach people the importance of trees.DSo I decided to take a year to experience other things before university.ETo be specific, the project pushed me to use all my strength to be helpful.FBesides, I developed a stronger sense of d
30、irection for my future occupation.GThe volunteering project gave me a chance to get into the heart of the local society.本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要叙述了作者参加罗利国际考察团并在坦桑尼亚的一个村庄做志愿者的经历。1D解析：此空设于段中，与上文内容存在逻辑上的因果关系，根据上下文可知，作者在高中毕业后不确定自己是否真正地想上大学并且选择哪一门专业，因此决定在上大学之前用一年的时间来体验其他事情。2C解析：此空设于段中，与上文内容存在逻辑上的指代关系，即it指的是上文的a tre
31、e nursery。3F解析：此空设于段尾，与上文内容存在逻辑上的递进关系，根据上下文可知，通过这个项目，作者也对自己未来的职业有了更强的方向感。4E解析：此空设于段中，与上文内容存在逻辑上的解释关系，根据上下文可知，作者已然形成了一种“能做”的态度，具体而言，这个项目促使作者竭尽全力地帮助别人。5G解析：此空设于段首，是本段的主题句。本段主要在讲这项志愿项目使得作者更好地了解当地人的生活方式及他们如何考虑事物。.语法填空Oscarwinning Bao is about a mom who thinks a dumpling is her baby.DisneyPixars Bao, _1_
32、 (direct) by ChineseCanadian animator (动画片制作者) Domee Shi, just took home the Oscar for Best Animated Short Film. Pixar describes the eightminute film like this：“An aging Chinese mom _2_ (suffer) from emptynest syndrome (综合症状) gets another chance at motherhood when one of her dumplings springs to lif
33、e _3_ a lively and lovely dumpling boy.”The film talks a lot about Chinese culture. It also speaks to the _4_ (universe) experience of being a mom. I _5_ (full) understand the mom in the film because of the age of my children, both of _6_ are now 18 years old. The film Bao _7_ (show) in 2018. It des
34、cribes an animated mother who struggles as her dumpling baby grows up, becomes _8_ impolite, ungrateful teenager, and then.I cant tell you what happens next if you want to watch it. Anyway, this film shows the conflict that most mothers of _9_ (teenager) may feel. Its because those mothers want thei
35、r children to go back to being little ones while they simultaneously (同时地) want them to launch their adult lives.Letting go is hard. When you have a baby, you _10_ (understand) the power of Bao.本文是一篇说明文，介绍了一部奥斯卡获奖动画短片。1directed解析：考查非谓语动词。所填非谓语动词在句中作定语且表被动，故填过去分词。2suffering解析：考查非谓语动词。所填非谓语动词在句中作定语且表主
36、动，故填现在分词。3as解析：考查介词。所填介词意为“作为”，故填介词as。4universal解析：考查形容词。所填词修饰名词experience，作的是定语，故填形容词。5fully解析：考查副词。所填词修饰动词understand，故填副词。6whom解析：考查定语从句。根据语境和句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词是人，且关系词作of的宾语，故填whom。7was_shown解析：考查谓语动词。本句主语film与show之间是被动关系，故用被动语态；且描述的是过去的事情，故用一般过去时。8an解析：考查冠词。根据语境可知此处泛指名词teenager，故填不定冠词。9teenagers解析：考查名词。根据most mothers可知，此处填名词teenager的复数形式。10will_understand解析：考查谓语动词。根据时间状语When you have a baby，可知描述的是将来的事情，主从句应遵循“主将从现”原则，故主句用一般将来时。