1、课时分层作业(三).阅读理解ACulture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.Remember that unlucky accidents with service providers may take place because of cultural or linguistic misunderstandings，and that getting angry will make communication more difficult and cause bad f
2、eelings.A taste of humour can make hard situations more meaningful and enjoyable to you，your fellow travellers and the local friends youve made.Keep a journal or carry a small tape recorder and make regular entries or recordings.Taking a step back and telling an experience after some time will open
3、the door for humour.Write a letter or email to a friend when you find your humour reducing.Challenge yourself to tell at least one good story in this message and youll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation.Keep a list of funny things that you observe durin
4、g your first few days in a new culture，and an explanation of what you think these things are all about.Look back on these lists later in the trip；what seemed strange before is probably familiar now，and your explanations may be funnier than the things themselves！Imagine writing an entry in a guideboo
5、k about a frustrating experience.How would you describe your experience to the later travellers？What travel advice would you offer?Try to see yourself through the eyes of locals.What might they find strange，funny about what you are doing at this moment？When you find it difficult to overcome cultural
6、 differences，taking a new look at yourself can be very funny.Be careful not to sacrifice (牺牲) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.【语篇解读】幽默可以使由于文化差异而给旅行者造成的不良情形得以改观，本文给那些要旅游而且希望变得幽默的人提出了3条建议。1According to the article，the travellers will often get
7、 depressed because of .Abeing short of moneyBthe different attitudes to the same thingCnot having enough clothesDthe unlucky fellow travellers troubleB细节理解题。根据文章第一段第一句“Culture shock or thinking differences can depress even the most experienced traveller.”可知，文化不同和思维的差异会使旅行者不快乐。故选B。2Keeping a journal
8、when travelling can help .Atake a step to find the entryBkeep a list of things that should be taken withCexperience the same things laterDbegin to have a chance of telling the humourD细节理解题。根据文章第二段中“Taking a step back and telling an experience after some time will open the door for humour.”可知，写旅行日志或携
9、带一台小录音机能帮助开始幽默。故选D。3When you try to keep your sense of humour in foreign countries，you should .Atell anything that you find entertainingBlearn to respect the local customsCknow how to overcome cultural differencesDtry to tell anything particularly funnyB细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中“Be careful not to sacrifice(牺牲
10、) respect for local culture in order to lighten things up for yourself and fellow travellers.”可知，要尊重当地的传统文化。故选B。4We can infer that .Athe funny things will be always interesting and never changeBthe funny things would always make people happyCif the people didnt experience the things they would find
11、them funnyDthe things seemed strange before they are surely becoming the familiar thingsC推理判断题。根据文章第二段最后一句“.youll be surprised how funny things can look when told to someone outside the situation.”可知，没有经历过事情的人会发现很多事情很有趣。故选C。BWhen John was growing up，other kids felt sorry for him.His parents always h
12、ad him weeding the garden，carrying out the garbage and delivering newspapers.But when John reached adulthood，he was better off than his childhood playmates.He had more job satisfaction，a better marriage and was healthier.Most of all，he was happier.Far happier.These are the findings of a 40year study
13、 that followed the lives of 456 teenage boys from Boston.The study showed that those who had worked as boys enjoyed happier and more productive lives than those who had not.“Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of society，”said
14、 George Vaillant，the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves，others felt good about them.”Vaillants study followed these males in great detail.Interviews were repeated at ages 25,31 and 47.Under Vaillant，the researchers compared the mens mentalhealth s
15、cores with their boyhoodactivity scores.Points were awarded for parttime jobs，housework，effort in school，and ability to deal with problems.The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice
16、 as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people，five times as likely to be well paid and 16 times less likely to have been unemployed.The researchers also found that IQ and family social and economic class made no real difference in how the boys turned out.Workingat any ageis importa
17、nt.Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility，independence，confidence and competencethe underpinnings (基础) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.Yet work isnt
18、 everything.As Tolstoy once said，“One can live magnificently in this world if one knows how to work and how to love，to work for the person one loves and to love ones work.”【语篇解读】文章主要讲了一项调查研究。研究表明，那些小时候工作过的人比那些没有工作过的人生活得更快乐、更富有成效。5What do we know about John?AHe enjoyed his career and marriage.BHe had
19、 few childhood playmates.CHe received little love from his family.DHe was envied by others in his childhood.A细节理解题。根据第一段“He had more job satisfaction，a better marriage and was healthier.(他对工作更满意，婚姻更美满，身体更健康。)”可知，约翰喜欢他的事业和婚姻，故选A。6Vaillants words in Paragraph 2 serve as .Aa description of personal val
20、ues and social valuesBan analysis of how work was related to competenceCan example for parents expectations of their childrenDan explanation why some boys grew into happy menD推理判断题。根据 “Boys who worked in the home or community gained competence (能力) and came to feel they were worthwhile members of so
21、ciety，”said George Vaillant，the psychologist (心理学家) who made the discovery.“And because they felt good about themselves，others felt good about them.”(发现这一现象的心理学家George Vaillant说：“在家庭或社区工作的男孩获得了能力，并开始觉得自己是社会中有价值的一员。因为他们对自己感觉良好，其他人也对他们感觉良好。”)推断出，Vaillant在第二段的话解释了为什么一些男孩成长为快乐的人，故选D。7What does the under
22、lined word “sharp”probably mean in Paragraph 4?AQuick to react. BHaving a thin edge.CClear and definite. DSudden and rapid.C词义猜测题。下文“Those who had done the most boyhood activities were twice as likely to have warm relations with a wide variety of people，five times as likely to be well paid and 16 ti
23、mes less likely to have been unemployed.”说那些在童年时期参加活动最多的人，与各种各样的人保持亲密关系的可能性是其他人的两倍，获得高薪的可能性是五倍，较不可能失业的可能性是16倍。由此可推断出上文“The link between what the men had done as boys and how they turned out as adults was surprisingly sharp.”的意思是这些男性在孩童时期的行为和成年后的表现之间的联系惊人地明确。“sharp”的意思是“明确的”，故选C。8What can be inferred
24、 from the last paragraph?ACompetent adults know more about love than work.BEmotional health is essential to a wonderful adult life.CLove brings more joy to people than work does.DIndependence is the key to ones success.B推理判断题。根据最后一段“Childhood activities help a child develop responsibility，independen
25、ce，confidence and competencethe underpinnings(基础) of emotional health.They also help him understand that people must cooperate and work toward common goals.The most competent adults are those who know how to do this.(儿童活动有助于儿童发展责任、独立、自信和能力，这些是情感健康的基础。它们还帮助他理解人们必须合作，为共同的目标而努力。最有能力的成年人是那些知道如何做到这一点的人。)
26、”推断出，情感健康对美好的成人生活至关重要，故选B。.读后续写阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。续写的词数应为150左右。The event that stands out in Toms memory happened one morning when Tom was only ten years old.He was at home with his elder sister Jane.Tom was doing his homework when he heard raised voices.At first he thought nothing
27、of it since customers in the motorcycle shop directly below their flat often became loud，but he soon realized this time it was different.“Quick！Quick！Remove the motorcycles from the shop.”someone shouted.Then a thick burning smell filled the air.When Tom opened the front door of their flat to invest
28、igate，a thick cloud of smoke greeted him.The motorcycle shop had caught fire and people were running and crying.Jane，who had been playing the violin in her room，hurried to the living room.They rushed out of the door and along the corridor (走廊) through the smoke.They were heading towards the stairway
29、 at the far end of the corridor when Jane suddenly stopped in her track.She turned around and headed back the way they came.Tom had no idea what she was doing，but he followed her.Jane had suddenly remembered the lady in her 70s who lived next door to them，who they called Makcik.Jane began banging on
30、 Makciks door，but got no answer.As the smoke thickened around them，Tom could see many of their neighborssome still in their pajamas (睡衣)running for safety.The thought of fear crossed his mind.“She would have run for safety like everyone else！”Tom cried.However，Jane refused to give up.“I know Makciks
31、 still inside.”She said she was familiar with Makciks daily routine and was certain she would still be sleeping.She pounded against the door.“Go downstairs.Go now！Go！”Paragraph 1：Tom noticed the flame (火焰) was reaching up. Paragraph 2：Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help. 【参考范文
32、】Paragraph 1：Tom noticed the flame(火焰) was reaching up.Frozen with fear，he stood rooted to the spot.He comprehended the gravity of the situation and held Janes hand tightly.Both of them were coughing and their eyes were stinging.Time seemed to stand still，though they were probably there for only two
33、 or three minutes.Tom begged Jane to run for safety as quickly as possible.Jane tried to shield her nose from the choking smoke and shook her head.She kept pounding against the door.Tom burst out crying.Paragraph 2：Luckily，some neighbors passing by stopped and offered help.A sense of strength immedi
34、ately replaced the mounting fear and anxiety in Janes mind.She told them Ms.Makcik must be still in the room.They forced the door open with all their might.Sure enough，Makcik was lying in bed，unconscious.She was carried downstairs and then rushed to the hospital，where she finally came to herself.People in the neighborhood felt relieved and Jane and Tom were very happy.