1、第3章(一)A(2011重庆卷，B)Mapping Your WorldDifferent forms of maps are appearing.They allow independent travelers to get local knowledge of places they are visiting，from the official to the unusual.Meanwhile，hitech developments are creating new ways for us to map the world.Here are two of our favorites：Gre
2、en MapsGreen Maps allows people to share with the world their knowledge of environmentally friendly places and attractions in the local areas. Users add information with a set of icons(图标)，making it easy to read any map, whatever the nationalities of those who produce it . At present there are over
3、five hundred map projects being developed in 54 countries. Green Maps advertised idea is “think global，map local”It is a wonderful way of gaining all sorts of information of a place ，ranging from community gardens to good places of birdwatching.Green Maps is not specifically intended for travelers.
4、Not all of its maps are online, so it may be necessary for some users to communicate with the producers through the Green Maps website.Map MashupsMany people use online maps developed by Google, but not many know about the mashups of them. Working in a similar way to Green Maps, Map Mashups allows p
5、eople to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic. The mashups is so called because it combines all the knowledge you could ever need. It ranges from the extremely useful, such as where all the World Heritage Sites are, to the most bizarre (古怪的)，such as where Americas drunk
6、est cities are.With the mashups added to the basic Google Maps, a multilayered (多层的) map can be created.本文讲述了人们最喜欢的地图，一种是Greens maps，另一种是Maps Mashups。他们的共同特点是人们可以在网上编辑地图。1According to the passage，which of the following is a characteristic of Green Maps?AAiming at environmental protection.BIntroducin
7、g local attractions with icons.COffering advice to independent travelers.DCollecting icons worldwide for local maps.答案：B。细节理解题。根据第二段一、二句话可知，绿色地图可允许人们分享当地一些环保的地方及吸引人的东西，并且用图标来添加信息，使人们更容易地看地图，由此可知B项正确。2Which of the following icons is most probably NOT used in Green Maps?答案：B。细节理解题。根据第三段第二句话“Its a wond
8、erful way.to good places of bird watching”可知答案为B。3“Map Mashups” is named with the word “mashups”because _.Ait is produced by users all over the worldBit gathers various kinds of informationCit shares icons with Green MapsDit is a branch of Google Maps答案：B。由最后一段的第三句话可知，为什么用“mashups”这个名，是因为它把所有的知识都结合起
9、来，从最有用的到最古怪的。由此可知B项正确。4What do Green Maps and Map Mashups have in common?A. They are created by local people.B. They are environmentally friendly.C. Users can edit maps on the Internet.D. Users need to communicate with producers.答案： C。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二句话“Working in a similar way to Greens Maps，Map Ma
10、shups allows people to add icons of their own to existing maps to express a certain topic.”可知C项正确。B(2011四川卷，B)Exploit your parking spaceAn unused parking space or garage can make money. If you live near a city center or an airport, you could make anything up to 200 or 300 a week. Put an advertisemen
11、t(广告)for free on Letpark or Atmyhousepark.Rent(出租)a roomSpare room? Not only will a lodger(房客)earn you an income, but also, thanks to the governmentbacked “rent a room” program, you wont have to pay any tax on the first 4,500 you make per year. Try advertising your room on Roomspare or Roommateeasy.
12、Make money during special eventsDont want a fulltime lodger? Then rent on a shortterm basis. If you live in the capital, renting a room out during the Olympics or other big events could bring in money. Grashpadder can advertise your space. Live on set Renting your home out as a “film set” could earn
13、 you hundreds of pounds a day, depending on the film production company and how long your home is needed. A quick search on the Internet will bring up dozens of online companies that allow you to register your home for freebut you will be charged if your home gets picked.Use your roofYou need the ri
14、ght kind of roof, but some energy companies pay the cost of fixing solar equipment(around14,000), and let you use the energy produced for nothing. In return, they get paid for unused energy fed back into the National Grid. However, you have to sign a 25year agreement with the supplier, which could p
15、revent you from changing the roof.如果你拥有自己的多余的房子，房间或停车场，如果你按照作者告诉你的上述做法去做，会轻松地挣到大钱。5If you earn 5,000 from renting a room in one year, the tax you need to pay will be based on _.A300 B500C4,500 D5,000答案：B。数字计算题。根据第二个段落的信息句“.wont have to pay any tax for the first 4,500”，可以明确：所挣得的4500磅是不用缴税的，即：需要缴税的是多于
16、这个数字的钱，本题中，该是500磅需要缴税。6Where can you put an advertisement to rent out a room during a big event?AOn Letpark. BOn Roomspare.COn Grashpadder. DOn Roommateeasy.答案：C。细节判断题。 根据第三个段落的最后一句话可以找到明确的答案，即选项C是正确的。7If you want to use energy free, you have to _.Asign an agreement with the governmentBpay around 14
17、,000 for the equipmentCsell the roof to some energy companiesDkeep the roof unchanged within 25 years答案：D。推理判断题。在最后一段中的最后一句话里含有本答案的信息： “25year agreement”以及“prevent you from changing your roof”都可以断定选项D的说法是符合原文的。8For whom is the text most probably written?ALodgers. B. Advertisers.CHouse owners. DOnlin
18、e companies.答案：C。推理判断题。从每个段落都可以确定：这是个能够对外出租停车位，房间，房顶等的人，即：是个house owner，选项C是正确的。C(2011新课标卷，C)Cassandra Feeley finds it hard to manage on her husbands income. So this year she did something more than a hobby: She planted vegetables in her yard. For her first garden, Ms. Feeley has put in 15 tomato pl
19、ants, and five rows of a variety of vegetables. The familys old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents arriving next month. Last year, Ms.Rita Gartin kept a small garden. This year she has made it much larger because, she said, “The cost of everything is going up and I was looking to l
20、ose a few pounds too; so its a winwin situation all around.”They are among the growing number of Americans who, driven by higher living costs and a falling economy(经济), have taken up vegetable gardening for the first time. Others have increased the size of their existing gardens. Seed companies and
21、garden shops say that not since the 1970s has there been such an increase in interest in growing food at home. Now many gardens across the country have been sold out for several months. In Austin, Tex., some of the gardens have a threeyear waiting list.George CBall Jr, owner of a company, said sales
22、 of vegetable seeds and plants are up by 40% over last year, double the average growth of the last five years. Mr.Ball argues that some of the reasons have been building for the last few years. The big one is the striking rise in the cost of food like bread and milk, together with the increases in t
23、he price of fruits and vegetables. Food prices have increased because of higher oil prices. People are now driving less, taking fewer vacations, so there is more time to garden.本文讲述了由于生活费用增高，加上经济下降，越来越多的人开始自己种菜，并且现在人们开车少了，旅游少了，有更多的时间来种菜，减少生活费用。9. What does the underlined word “residents” in Paragrap
24、h 1 probably refer to?Achickens BtomatoesCgardens Dpeople答案：A。词义猜测题。由上文的a chicken house(鸡舍)可知，它的居民应该是小鸡，故A项正确。10Why is vegetable gardening becoming increasingly popular?AMore Americans are doing it for fun.BThe price of oil is lower than before.CTheres a growing need for fruits.DThe cost of living i
25、s on the rise.答案：D。细节理解题。由短文第二段第一句话可知，由于生活费增高，经济下降，越来越多的人们开始自己种菜。故D项正确。11Which of the following might be the best title for the text?AFamily Food Planning BBanking on GardeningCA Belttightening MoveDGardening as a Hobby答案：B。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了由于生活费用增高，经济下降，迫使人们自己种菜来减少开支。A项意为：家庭食物计划；B项：依靠种菜；C项：紧缩腰带运动；D项：把种
26、菜当做爱好。D(2011山东卷，D)Since the 1970s, scientists have been searching for ways to link the brain with computers. Braincomputer interface(BCI) technology could help people with disabilities send commands to machines.Recently, two researchers, Jose Millan and Michele Tavella from the Federal Polytechnic S
27、chool in Lausanne, Switzerland, demonstrated(展示)a small robotic wheelchair directed by a persons thoughts.In the laboratory, Tavella operated the wheelchair just by thinking about moving his left or right hand. He could even talk as he watched the vehicle and guided it with his thoughts.“Our brain h
28、as billions of nerve cells. These send signals through the spinal cord (脊髓)to the muscles to give us the ability to move. But spinal cord injuries or other conditions can prevent these weak electrical signals from reaching the muscles，” Tavella says. “Our system allows disabled people to communicate
29、 with external world and also to control devices.”The researchers designed a special cap for the user. This head cover picks up the signals from the scalp(头皮) and sends them to a computer. The computer interprets the signals and commands the motorized wheelchair. The wheelchair also has two cameras
30、that identify objects in its path. They help the computer react to commands from the brain. Prof. Millan, the team leader, says scientists keep improving the computer software that interprets brain signals and turns them into simple commands. “The practical possibilities that BCI technology offers t
31、o disabled people can be grouped in two categories: communication, and controlling devices. One example is this wheelchair.”He says his team has set two goals. One is testing with real patients, so as to prove that this is a technology they can benefit from. And the other is to guarantee that they c
32、an use the technology over long periods of time.本文讲述了科学家正在寻找把大脑与电脑连系起来的方法，从而帮助残疾人。大脑与电脑连接技术，可以帮助残疾人交流和控制设备装置，如轮椅。12BCI is a technology that can _.A. help to update computer systems B. link the human brain with computersC. help the disabled to recover D. control a persons thoughts 答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段可
33、知，科学家寻找把人的大脑与电脑连接起来的方法，这一方法也即：大脑与电脑连接技术，帮助残疾人向机器发送信号，由此可知B项正确。13. How did Tavella operate the wheelchair in the laboratory? A. By controlling his muscles.B. By talking to the machine. C. By moving his hand. D. By using his mind.答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文第三段可知，Tavella通过思考来推动轮椅，用思想来指导轮椅，故D项正确。14. Which of the fo
34、llowing shows the path of the signals described in Paragraph 5?A. scalpcomputercapwheelchairB. computercapscalpwheelchairC. scalpcapcomputerwheelchairD. capcomputerscalpwheelchair答案：C。顺序排列题，根据第五段的二、三句话可知，头皮把信号传递给帽子，帽子再把信号传递给电脑，电脑再传译信号，并指令轮椅，由此可知C项正确。15. The team will test with real patients to _.A.
35、make profits from them B. prove the technology useful to themC. make them live longer 2D. learn about their physical condition答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段第二句话可知，他们用真正的病人做实验，是为了证明这是一项他们能受益的技术，故B项正确。16. Which of the following would be the best title for the text?A. Switzerland, the BCI Research CenterB. New Fi
36、ndings about How the Human Brain WorksC. BCI Could Mean More Freedom for the DisabledD. Robotic Vehicles Could Help to Cure Brain Injuries答案：C。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了BCI技术能够帮助残疾人，使他们通过思考就能操作一些设备装置，这样他们就有更多的自由，由此可知C项正确。E(2011福建卷，E)The internet will open up new vistas (前景)，create the global villageyou can make
37、new friends all around the world.That，at least, is what it promised us.The difficulty is thatit did not take the human mind into account.The reality is that we can not keep relationship with more than a limited number of people.No matter how hard the internet tries to putyou in communication, its be
38、st efforts will be defeated by your mind.The problem is twofold(双重的)First, there is a limit on the number of people we can hold in mind and have a meaningful relationship with.That number is about 150 and is set by the size of our brain.Second, the quality of your relationships depends on the amount
39、 of time you invest (投入) in them.We invest a lot in a small number of people and then distribute whats left among as many others as we can.The problem is that if we invest little time in a person, our engagement with that person will decline (减弱)until eventually it dies into “someone I once knew”Thi
40、s is not, of course, to say that the internet doesnt serve a socially valuable function.Of course it does.But the question is not that it allows you to increase the size of your social circle to include the rest of the world, but that you can keep your relationships with your existing friends going
41、even though you have to move to the other side of the world.In one sense, thats a good thing.But it also has a disadvantage.If you continue to invest in your old friends even though you can no longer see them, then certainly you arent using your time to make new friends where you now live.And I susp
42、ect that probably isnt the best use of your time.Meaningful relationships are about being able to communicate with each other, face to face.The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end, but it wont stop that happening eventually.一般认为网络在让人与人交流方面起到了非常重要的作用。而本文作者对此却持怀疑态度。他认为网络在加强人与
43、人之间的关系方面并没有起到应有的作用。17What is stressed in the first paragraph?AThe present situation of the internet.BThe difficulty in communication on the internet.CThe socially valuable function of the internet.DThe role of the human mind in the internet communication.答案：D。主旨大意题。由文章第一段特别是最后一句“No matter how hard t
44、he internet tries to put you in communication，its best efforts will be defeated by your mind.”可知人类思维在网络交流中起到举足轻重的作用，故D项正确。18The underlined word “engagement” in the second paragraph probably means “_”Aappointment BconnectionCinterview Dagreement答案：B。词义猜测题。句意为：问题是如果我们在一个人身上花很少时间，我们跟这个人的联系将会减弱到“他只是一个曾经
45、认识的人”，因此划线单词意为“联系，交往”。19According to the passage, the author holds the view that_.Athe internet fails to play so valuable a role in communication as it promisedBthe internet determines the quality of social relationshipsCthe internet greatly increases the size of social circlesDthe internet communic
46、ation is no less effective than the facetoface talk答案：A。推理判断题。由文章的一些信息“This is not ，of course，to say that the internet doesnt serve a socially valuable function.以及The internet will slow down the rate with which relationships end，but it wont stop that happening eventually.”等可推知网络在人与人之间的交流上并没有起到应有的作用，
47、故A项正确。20What is the authors attitude towards the use of the internet to strengthen relationships?AHe is uncertain about it.BHe is hopeful of it.CHe approves of it.DHe doubts it.答案：D。态度观点题。通读全文可知，文章讲述了网络在人与人之间的交流方面并没有起到应有的作用，因此作者对网络在加强人与人之间关系方面持的是怀疑的态度，D项正确。(二)A(2011福建卷，A)Driving a car is not just ha
48、ndling controls and judging speed and distance.It requires you to predict what other road users will do and get ready to react to something unexpected.When alcohol is consumed，it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depresant (抑制药)，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination (协调)，slowing down reac
49、tion time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.Even below the drink driving limit，driving will be affected.Alcohol may take a few minutes to be absorbed into the bloodstream and start action on the brain.Absorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks
50、mixed with fruit juice.To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process and it is not possible to speed it up with any measures like taking a shower or having a cup of tea or coffee.The present Road Traffic Ordinance states clearly that the limit of alcohol concentration is：50 milligrams o
51、f alcohol per 100ml of blood；or22 micrograms of alcohol per 100ml of breath；or67 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of uriue (尿液)Drivers who cause traffic accidents，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested.Any driver found drinking beyond the limit w
52、ill be charged.The driver declared guilty may be fined a maximum of HK $25,000 and be sentenced to up to 3 years in prison and punished for 10 drivingoffence points；or temporarily banned from driving.The same punishment applies to failing to provide speeimens(样本) for breath，blood or urine tests with
53、out good excuse.Drink driving is a criminal offence.Be a responsible driver，think before you drink. For the safety of yourself and other road users，never drive after consuming alcohol. 本文主要讲述酒后驾车的危害，对酒驾的惩罚等，呼吁人们为了自身和他人的健康，一定不要酒后驾车。1The first paragraph is mainly about_.Athe introductions of driving s
54、killsBthe damage of drinking to your bodyCthe effect of drinking on drivingDthe process of alcohol being absorbed答案：C。主旨大意题。由第一段的“it enters your bloodstream and acts as a depressant，damaging eyesight，judgement and coordination，slowing down reaction time and greatly increasing the risk of accidents.”
55、可知，本段主要讲述酒后驾车的影响，故C项正确。2The underlined word “it” in the second paragraph refers to “_”Aalcohol BabsorptionCblood Dprocess答案：D。词义猜测题。由前半句“To get rid of alcohol from the body is a very slow process”，可知，后半句表示“采取像淋浴或者是喝杯茶，咖啡等的措施来加速这个过程是不可能的”故it指代process，D项正确。3Which of the following is TRUE according to
56、the passage?ADrinking below the drink driving limit has no effect on driving.BAlcohol is taken in more quickly when drunk with fruit juice.CHaving a cup of tea helps to get rid of alcohol from the body.D50 milligrams of alcohol per 100ml of breath is below the drink driving limit.答案：B。细节理解题。由第二段中“Ab
57、sorption rate is increased when drinking on an empty stomach or when consuming drinks mixed with fruit juice”可知B项正确。4A driver suspected of drink driving_.Ashould provide specimens for testingBwill be forbidden to drive for 3 yearsCwill be punished for 10 drivingoffence pointsDshould pay a maximum fi
58、ne of HK$25,000答案：A。细节理解题。由文章信息“Drivers who cause traffic accidents ，or who commit a moving traffic offence or are being suspected of drink driving will be tested”可知A项正确。B(2011安徽卷，B)Think about the different ways that people use the wind. You can use it to fly a kite or to sail a boat. Wind is one o
59、f our cleanest and richest power sources (来源), as well as one of the oldest. Evidence shows that windmills (风车) began to be used in ancient Iran back in the seventh century BC. They were first introduced to Europe during the 1100s, when armies returned from the Middle East with knowledge of using wi
60、nd power.For many centuries, people used windmills to grind (磨碎) wheat into flour or pump water from deep underground when electricity was discovered in the late 1800s, people living in remote areas began to use them to produce electricity. This allowed them to have electric lights and radio. Howeve
61、r, by the 1940s when electricity was available to people in almost all areas of the United States, windmills were rarely used.During the 1970s, people started becoming concerned about the pollution that is created when coal and gas are burned to produce electricity. People also realized that the sup
62、ply of coal and gas would not last forever. Then, wind was rediscovered, though it means higher costs. Today, there is a global movement to supply more and more of our electricity through the use of wind.风能早在公元前七世纪就开始被人们用风车所利用，当人们发明了电以后，风能被用来发电，但随着电的广泛使用，风车逐渐不被人们使用了。而进入二十世纪七十年代后，人们又逐渐认识到了风能的优势。5From
63、 the text we know that windmills _.A. were invented by European armiesB. have a history of more than 2,800 yearsC. used to supply power to radio in remote areasD. have rarely been used since electricity was discovered答案：C。细节理解题。由第一段最后两句话可知风车首先是在古代伊朗被使用，故排除A项；公元前七世纪到现在应是不足2800年，故排除B项；由第二段当中的第二、三句话可以排
64、除D项，同时也能知道C项是正确的。6What was a new use for wind power in the late l9th century?A. Sailing a boat. B. Producing electricity.C. Grinding wheat into flour.D. Pumping water from underground.答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段中的第二句话可知“在十九世纪末期人们发现了电以后，住在偏远地区的人们开始用风车发电”。7One of the reasons wind was rediscovered in the 1970s i
65、s that _.A. wind power is cleanerB. it is one of the oldest power sourcesC. it was cheaper to create energy from windD. the supply of coal and gas failed to meet needs答案：A。主旨大意题。由文章最后一段可知。8What would the author probably discuss in the paragraph that follows?A. The advantages of wind power.B. The des
66、ign of wind power plants.C. The worldwide movement to save energy.D. The global trend towards producing power from wind.答案：D。推理判断题。文章最后一句话“如今，出现了一个全球化的运动，要通过风能的利用来提供越来越多的电力”，表明作者会就这个话题继续展开。C(2011北京卷，C)Students and Technology in the ClassroomI love my Blackberryits my little connection to the larger
67、world that can go anywhere with me. I also love my laptop computer，as it holds all of my writing and thoughts.Despite this love of technology, I know that there are times when I need to move away from these device(设备) and truly communicate with others.On occasion，I teach a course called History Matt
68、ers for a group of higher education managers. My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas.Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom，I have a ruleno laptops, iPads, phones, etc.When students w
69、ere told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not happy.Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology. Theres a bit of truth to that.Some students assume that I am antitechnology. Theres no truth in that
70、at all. I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students.The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage complex ideas. Interruptions by technology often b
71、reak concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas. I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas. I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections between course material and the class discussion.Ive been teachi
72、ng my history class in this way for many years and the evaluations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create.Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge, they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom.Im not saying that I wont
73、 ever change my mind about technology use in my history class, but until I hear a really good reason for the change，Im sticking to my plan. A few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up.本文是一篇议论文。作者是一位老师，非常喜欢高科技产品，但是为了让他的学生在课堂上讨论历史话题、互相交流观点，他规定在课堂上学生不允许使用手提电脑、iPads及电话。刚开始学生不能理解，
74、但是后来在对学生的学习评估中，学生对这一方法还是非常满意的。9Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with _.A. the course material B. others misuse of technology C. discussion topics D. the authors class regulations 答案：D。细节理解题。由第二段的“When students were told my rule in advance of the class, some of them were not hap
75、py .”可知D项正确。10The underlined word “engage ”in para.4 probably means _.A. explore B. accept C. change D. reject 答案： A。词义猜测题。根据第四段的“I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas.”可知作者让学生们进行深切的交流，目的是让学生们获得激励和一些观点，故A项explore“探索”更为接近；accept “接受”；change“改变”；reject “拒绝”。11Accordin
76、g to the author, the use of technology in the classroom may _.A. keep students from doing independent thinking B. encourage students to have indepth conversationsC. help students to better understand complex themes D. affect students concentration on course evaluation答案： A。推理判断题。由第四段的“Interruptions
77、by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas .”可知在教室内使用高科技产品使学生们对于外界信息过于依赖，不能独立思考。12It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author _.A. is quite stubborn B. will give up teaching history C. will change his teaching plan soon D
78、. values technologyfree dialogues in his class 答案： D。推理判断题。由最后一段的最后一句话可知作者对自己的不使用高科技产品让学生进行对话的方法是满意的。D(2011陕西卷，A)这是一则关于“PALACE THEATRE & OPERA HOUSE”的广告。介绍“Live Card”与“Get it together团购”的好处以及预定方式。13If you want to join Live Card to save money on tickets, you can call_.A0844 847 2484 B0800 587 5007C08
79、44 499 6699 D0161 245 6609答案：C。细节理解题。根据Live Card一栏最后一句Call 0844 499 6699 to join Live Card today 可知C项正确。14How can you pay for a ticket when you book by post?ABy visiting the website of a post office.BBy going to your local bank in person.CBy enclosing your Live Card in an envelope.DBy providing your
80、 credit card information.答案：D。细节理解题。细读By post一栏可以排除A、B、C三项，D项“提供个人信用卡信息”与该栏中“enclosing (附寄).your credit details”相对应。15What benefit can group bookers enjoy according to the text?ADelayed payment for tickets. BInvitations to opening nights.CReduced booking fees by phone.DGenerous discounts on tickets.
81、答案：A。推理判断题。根据文中对于“团体预购”的介绍可知，团购者可以享受以下好处：免费打预订电话、不拿预订费、被邀请参加宴会、先预定后付款的项目。所以A项正确。E(2011江西卷，D)Why should mankind explore space? Why should money, time and effort be spent exploring and researching something with so few apparent benefits? Why should resources be spent on space rather than on conditions
82、 and people on Earth? These are questions that, understandably, are very often asked.Perhaps the best answer lies in our genetic makeup(基因构成) as human beings. What drove our ancestors to move from the trees into the plains, and on into all possible areas and environments? The wider the spread of a s
83、pecies, the better its chance of survival. Perhaps the best reason for exploring space is this genetic tendency to expand wherever possible.Nearly every successful civilization has explored, because by doing so, any dangers in surrounding areas can be identified and prepared for. Without knowledge,
84、we may be completely destroyed by the danger. With knowledge, we can lessen its effects.Exploration also allows minerals and other potential(潜在的) resources to be found. Even if we have no immediate need of them, they will perhaps be useful later. Resources may be more than physical possessions. Know
85、ledge or techniques have been acquired through exploration. The techniques may have medical applications which can improve the length or quality of our lives. We have already benefited from other spinoffs including improvements in earthquake prediction, in satellites for weather forecasting and in c
86、ommunications systems. Even nonstick pans and mirrored sunglasses are byproducts(副产品) of technological developments in the space industry!While many resources are spent on what seems a small return, the exploration of space allows creative, brave and intelligent members of our species to focus on wh
87、at may serve to save us. While space may hold many wonders and explanations of how the universe was formed or how it works, it also holds dangers. The danger exists, but knowledge can help human beings to survive. Without the ability to reach out across space, the chance to save ourselves might not
88、exist.While Earth is the only planet known to support life, surely the adaptive ability of humans would allow us to live on other planets. It is true that the lifestyle would be different, but human life and cultures have adapted in the past and surely could in the future.本文是一篇议论文，向我们阐述了人类进行太空探索的原因。
89、人类的基因构成决定了人类探索其他领域包括太空的能力。人类探索太空可能暂时没有多大用处，但是在将来这可能会帮助人类生存下去。16Why does the author mention the questions in Paragraph 1?ATo express his doubts.BTo compare different ideas.CTo introduce points for discussion.DTo describe the conditions on Earth.答案：C。推理判断题。作者在第一段提出问题目的是引出下面要讨论的话题。17What is the reason
90、for exploring space based on Paragraph 2?AHumans are natureborn to do so.BHumans have the tendency to fight.CHumans may find new sources of food.DHumans dont like to stay in the same place.答案：A。细节理解题。根据第二段的第一句可知人类探索太空的原因是其基因的构成。18The underlined word “spinoffs” in Paragraph 4 probably refers to _.Asu
91、rvival chances Bpotential resourcesCunexpected benefitsDphysical possessions答案：C。词义猜测题。后面所说的“improvements in earthquake prediction，in satellites for weather forecasting and in communications systems”可知此处的划线短语意为“益处，好处”。19What makes it possible for humans to live on other planets?AOur genetic makeup.
92、BResources on the earth.CThe adaptive ability of humans.DByproducts in space exploration.答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段的第一句话可知，人类的适应能力会让人类在其他星球生存下去。20Which of the statements can best sum up the passage?ASpace exploration has created many wonders.BSpace exploration provides the best value for money.CSpace explora
93、tion can benefit science and technology.DSpace exploration may help us avoid potential problems on Earth.答案：D。主旨大意题。A、B两项可以容易地排除。全文主要讲的是太空探索对帮助人类生存的益处，而不是对科技的益处。(三)A(2011全国卷，A)Since 1984 ，Philadelphia has been cleaning up its act. One by one，graffiticovered walls are being changed into outdoor art.
94、So far，more than 1,800 murals (壁画) have been painted. Philadelphia now has more murals than any other American city. The walls that were once ugly with graffiti (涂鸦) are now covered with beautiful pictures of historical heroes and modern art, thanks to the Mural Arts Program (MAP). Its work makes sc
95、hools and public places attractive, and its citizens very proud. The program began as part of Philadelphias AntiGraffiti Network. Jane Golden is the MAPs artistic director. “When people ask me what our program is about, ”she says，“I answer them with one word: hope.” Each year, the MAP offers youth a
96、rt programs and workshops. Some onetime graffiti writers even help paint MAP murals.The MAPs work, says Golden, is all about developing a sense of community (社区). When a neighborhood requests a mural，the MAP works with the people there to develop a message. Some messages have been “Safe Streets，”“Lo
97、ve and Care, ”and “Peace Walk.”The MAP receives up to 50 requests for murals each week. Last year，the workers painted 140 murals.“The making of a mural enters peoples collective memory as an extraordinary，pleasant moment in neighborhood history，”says Golden，who began as a muralist in Los Angeles. 本文
98、论述了费城通过MAP这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式壁画，从而给人们带来了新的希望。1. What can be the best title for the text?A. Love，from Graffiti Writers to MuralistsB. MAP, a New Company in PhiladelphiaC. Jane，an Excellent Mural ArtistD. Hope，One Wall at a Time答案：D。主旨大意题。本文主要介绍费城通过MAP这一项目逐步地将墙体上的涂鸦变成了一种室外艺术形式壁画，从而给人们带来了新的希望。2.
99、What is the Mural Arts Program in Philadelphia aimed at?A. Helping the young find jobs.B. Protecting the neighborhood.C. Fighting against graffiti.D. Attracting more visitors.答案：C。细节理解题。由第二段的“the program began as part of philadelphias AntiGraffiti Network.”可知C项正确。3. How does the MAP decide on the me
100、ssage for a mural?A. By having discussions with people in the community.B. By seeking advice from the city government.C. By learning from the young graffiti writers.D. By studying the history of the city.答案：A。细节理解题。由第三段第二句可知答案为A项。4Which of the following words best describes the work of the MAP?A. Di
101、fficult. B. Dangerous.C. Experimental. D. Successful.答案：D。推理判断题。由文章第四段可知the MAP每周会收到很多的邀请，每年会画很多的壁画，故可推出工作很成功，答案为D项。B(2011湖北卷，B)Howling is a behaviour commonly observed among a wolf pack.As pack animals，wolves work together to hunt and rely on howling as an important means of communication among eac
102、h other.There are different explanations of a wolfs howl and it appears that there may be more to discover.One theory is that wolves howl to bond better together.Its almost as if howling together helps the pack stay together.Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with eac
103、h other when singing a song together. But this theory may be wrong，explains Fred HHarrington，a professor who studies wolf behaviour.Indeed，there have been times when wolves have been seen one moment howling in a chorus，and the next，quarreling among each other.It appears that usually the lowestrankin
104、g members of the pack may actually be “punished” for joining in the chorus at times.So is howling a way to strengthen a social bond or just a way to reconfirm status among its members? Why do wolves howl for sure?What is clear，however，is that howling is often used among packmates to locate each othe
105、r.Hunting grounds are distant and it happens that wolves may separate from one another at times.When this happens，howling appears to be an excellent means of gathering.Howling，interestingly，is a contagious behaviour.When one wolf starts to howl，very likely others will follow.This is often seen to oc
106、cur in the morning，as if wolves were doing some sort of “roll call”where wolves all howl together to report their presence.动物的嚎叫有其目的性，而人的对唱也是为了呼唤同伴，所以人们认为两者在这一方面是相同的；但专家似乎发现，狼的嚎叫不仅仅是为了呼朋引伴，因为有时也会争斗，因此，研究之后，专家发现：狼的嚎叫可能是个传染形式的行为，有时也是为了呼唤同伴。5What is the possible similarity between wolves howling togeth
107、er and humans singing in chorus?AThe act of calling each other.BThe sense of accomplishment.CThe act of hunting for something.DThe sense of belonging to a group.答案：D。细节判断题。从第二段的信息词“bond better together”以及“help the pack stay together”等可以确定两者的共同点与选项D的说法是一致的。6Why does Harrington think the“social bond”t
108、heory may be wrong?AWolves separate from each other after howling.BWolves tend to protect their hunting grounds.CWolves sometimes have quarrels after howling together.DWolves of low rank are encouraged to join in the chorus.答案：C。细节判断题。根据第三段中提到的“and the next, quarrelling among each other”以及“it appear
109、s that.be punished for joining.”都可以表明选项C的说法是符合原文之意的。7Researchers are sure that wolves often howl to_.Ashow their ranks Bfind their companionsCreport the missing onesDexpress their loneliness答案：B。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段中的第一句话的信息词“locate each other”以及最后一句中的“appears to be an excellent means of gathering”都可以明确：狼的
110、嚎叫正是为了找伴儿，故选项B的说法是最符合原文的。8“Howling.is a contagious behaviour”(in the last paragraph)means_.Ahowling is a signal for huntingBhowling is a way of communicationChowling often occurs in the morningDhowling spreads from one to another答案：D。句意理解题。从最后一段中的第二句话中可以找到contagious一词的理解：一个随着一个的去做事情，如同选项D所说的那样。C(201
111、1江苏卷，C)According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year.Unfortunately，the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills(see picture)to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway，however，could help p
112、ut them anywhere.The project, called Hywind，is the worlds first largescale deepwater wind turbine(涡轮发电机)Although it uses a fairly standard 152ton,2.3megawatt turbine，Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar(see picture)，a technol
113、ogy Hywinds creator，the Norwegian company StatoilHydro，has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables(缆索)；these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in t
114、he waves.Hywinds stability(稳定性)in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September.To produce ele
115、ctricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but its difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spars centre of gravity must be moved much clos
116、er to the oceans surface. To do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox(变速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades(see picture)Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating windfarm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, th
117、e wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing off shore windmills are planted. Deepsea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmillaseyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the be
118、st lowcarbon power sources available.本文为科普短文，讲述世界上第一个深海风力发电机涡轮发电机以及它的发电原理及好处。9The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of_.A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floorB. the spar which is floating in deepsea waterC. the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind
119、D. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段特别是“these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves”可知B项正确。10To balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting_.A. o
120、n the sea floor B. on the spar topC. at sea level D. behind the blades答案：C。细节理解题。由文章第三段最后一句“.one whose gearbox sits at sea level rather than behind the blades.”可知C项正确。11Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can_.A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmillsB. make financial p
121、rofits by producing more turbinesC. settle the arguments about environmental problemsD. explore lowcarbon power resources available at sea答案：D。细节理解题。由文章最后一句“.it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the best lowcarbon power sources available.”可知D项正确。D(2011天津卷，C)An idea that starte
122、d in Seattles public library has spread throughout America and beyond.The concept is simple：help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time.In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all，the program allows strangers t
123、o communicate by discussing the book on the bus，as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools.The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched(发起)the“If All of Seattle Read the Same Book”project in 1998.Her original program used author visits, study
124、guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities，and even to Hong Kong.In Chicago，the mayor (市长) appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the “One Book，One Chicago”
125、program.As a result，reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city.Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character.The only problem arose in New York，where local readers could not d
126、ecide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population.This may show that the idea works best in mediumsized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity (一致) can be achieved.Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point，putting all their energy and passion into the choice
127、 of the book rather than into discussion about a book itself.Ultimately，as Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book，but by how many people are enriched by the process，or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared_a_wor
128、d.西雅图的一名图书管理员建议大家在同一时间阅读同一本书，并允许陌生人在公共场所对这本书进行讨论，这样做既可以促进陌生人之间的交流，又能培养公众的社区意识。然而，在像纽约等一些大城市，由于人口背景复杂，很难选出一本具有代表性的书，或许这一想法在一些中等城市更容易实施。12What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy?ATo invite authors to guide readers.BTo encourage people to read and share.CTo involve people in community serv
129、ice.DTo promote the friendship between cities.答案：B。细节理解题。由第二段“Her original program used author visits，study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book”可以推知正确答案。13Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project?AThey had little interest in reading.BThey were
130、too busy to read a book.CThey came from many different backgrounds.DThey lacked support from the local government.答案：C。细节理解题。由第四段第一句话可知，纽约城市大，人口众多且文化背景多样化，因此人们很难选出一本有代表性的书。14According to the passage，where would the project be more easily carried out?AIn large communities with little sense of unity.B
131、In large cities where libraries are far from home.CIn mediumsized cities with a diverse population.DIn large towns where agreement can be quickly reached.答案：D。细节理解题。由第四段第二句话可知，这一想法在中等城市或大的城镇较容易实施，因为在那儿人们很容易达成一致。C项为人口多样化的中等城市，与句意不符。15The underlined words“shared a word”in Paragraph 5 probably mean_.Ae
132、xchanged ideas with each otherBdiscussed the meaning of a wordCgained life experienceDused the same language答案：A。词义猜测题。由第二段内容可知，该活动的目的就是让陌生人通过讨论这本书而达到交流的目的，故A项正确。16According to Nancy，the degree of success of the project is judged by_.Athe careful selection of a proper bookBthe growing popularity of
133、the writersCthe number of people who benefit from readingDthe number of books that each person reads答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段“.the level of success is not measured by how many peope read the book，but by how many people are enriched by the process.”可知C项正确。E(2011辽宁卷，D)The Coalition for the Homeless is an orga
134、nization that seeks to address the needs of the homeless population in the United States.It is a network of offices，some of which provide food and houses for the homeless population，and some of which fight for the passing of laws that would give every American the right to a place to call home.Accor
135、ding to the Coalitions studies，of over two hundred million people living in the United States，up to three million are homelessand the number is still growing.Since the late 1970s，fastrising house prices，large cuts in government supported housing programs，and economic recession(经济衰退) have made it imp
136、ossible for many Americans to meet housing costs.Sadly，this has resulted in a number of persons being forced to leave their homes and/or unable to find new affordable homes.According to another research，families with children appear to be the fastestgrowing part of the homeless population，making up
137、39% of it.The old idea of a homeless person，that of the single man who gets drunk all the time，is no longer true.A much larger part of the population now finds itself homeless.Even worse，once a person becomes homeless，he often finds it impossible to find a job，since most employers require anyone who
138、 wants a job from them to provide a home address on a job application.本文记叙了无家可归者联盟试图帮助解决无家可归人的需要。为他们提供食物和房屋，为他们的权力而战。从二十世纪七十年代以来，由于房价上升，政府支持减少，经济衰退，使无家可归者越来越多，更糟的是，他们找不到工作。17The underlined word “address” in the first line probably means “_”Atalk about Bdeal withCfight for Dwrite to答案：B。词义猜测题。从下文可知，该
139、联盟提供给无家者食物，房子，即表明该联盟在努力满足和解决无家者的需求。故B项正确。18How many people are homeless in the US.according to the Coalition studies?A39% of the population.B200 million people.CAbout 3 million people.DAbout onefifth of the population.答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第三句话可知，美国有两亿人口，其中有多达三百万人无家可归，且这个数还在上升。19Homeless people often have
140、difficulty finding a job because_.Athey have no home addressesBthey mostly have a drinking problemCthey arent supported by government programsDthey often dont have enough work experience答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文最后一句可知，因为大多数雇主要求找工作的人在申请表上填上家庭住址，所以无家可归者发现他们不可能找到工作。20What is the main cause of the rising number o
141、f the homeless in the US.?AThe passing of new housing laws.BThe fast growth of family size.CThe slow construction of houses.DThe everrising price of housing.答案：D。细节理解题。根据第四句话可知，从20世纪70年代，房价快速增长，使许多美国人不可能满足住房费用，从而使更多的人无家可归。(四)A(2011辽宁卷，A)I got my first drivers license (执照) in 1953 by taking driver ed
142、ucation in my first year at Central High School in Charlotte，North Carolina.Four years later when it was time to renew my license I was a married woman.Henry and I were living in Baltimore，Maryland.Two weeks before my 20th birthday，Henry drove me to the motor vehicle office on a hot July afternoon.W
143、hen I got to the office and showed to the man behind the counter my North Carolina drivers license，ready to renew，the man told me that I was under age by Maryland law since I was not yet 21.“Mr.Henry Smith，your husband，will have to sign for you，”he said.I argued，pointing to a very large belly (肚子) o
144、f mine，“I am married.I am having a baby.Why should I have to have someone sign for me to drive？”He answered coldly，“Its the law，madam.”Henry encouraged me to calm down，just go ahead and get the license and be done with it.“No，”I said.I refused to have him sign for me.So I left without a Maryland lic
145、ense.I called the North Carolina Motor Vehicle Office and renewed my NC license by mailusing my name Susan Brown.And thus it was for the next twelve years.Since Henry was in the army I could drive under my home state license.By the time Henry left the army we were once again living in Maryland，and I
146、 had to take the Maryland drivers exam.Since then I just go in and renew every four yearssign the name Susan Brown，have my new picture taken，and walk out with a license to drive.本文讲述了美国不同的州法律不一样。在北卡罗莱纳州，中学时就可拿驾照，而在马里兰州21岁才能申请驾照。1Susan got her first drivers license_.Abefore she got married to HenryBw
147、hen she was twenty years oldCafter she finished high schoolDwhen she just moved to Maryland答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句话可知，苏珊在上中学时拿到的第一个驾照，四年后换证时，她已结婚了。由此可知A项正确。2Susan failed to renew her license the first time in Maryland because_.Ashe was forbidden to drive by Maryland lawBshe lacked driving experience
148、 in MarylandCshe was to give birth to a baby soonDshe insisted on signing for herself答案：D。推理判断题。根据第三段可知，她拒绝丈夫替她签名注册，因此她没拿到驾照。由此可知正是因为她坚持自己签名注册，使她没换证成功。3We can infer from the text that in the US._.AAmerican males should serve in the armyBdifferent states may have different lawsCpeople have to renew t
149、heir licenses in their home statesDwomen should adopt their husbands family names after marriage答案：B。推理判断题。由马里兰州和北卡罗莱纳州的法律来看，不同的州有不同的法律。B(2011山东卷，B)Tim Richter and his wife, Linda, had taught for over 30 years near Buffalo, New Yorkhe in computers, she in special education. “Teaching means everythin
150、g to us，” Tim would say. In April 1998, he learned he would need a heart operation. It was the kind of news that leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose. Not long after the surgery, Tim saw a brochure describing Imagination Library, a program started by Dolly Parton s foundation (基金会) tha
151、t mailed a book every month to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of Sevier, Tennessee.“I thought, maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire，” Tim recalls. He placed the brochure on his desk, “as a reminder.”Five years later, now retired and with that brochu
152、re still on the desk, Tim clicked on imagination . The program had been opened up to partners who could take advantage of book and postage discounts.The quality of the books was of great concern to the Richters. Rather than sign up online, they went to Dollywood for a looksee. “We didnt want to give
153、 the children rubbish，” says Linda. The booksreviewed each year by teachers, literacy specialists, and Dollywood board membersincluded classics such as Ezra Jack Keatss The Snowy Day and newer books like Anna Dewdneys Llama Llama series. Satisfied, the couple set up the Richter Family Foundation and
154、 got to work. Since 2004, they have shipped more than 12,200 books to preschoolers in their area. Megan Williams, a mother of four, is more than appreciative: “This program introduces us to books Ive never heard of .”The Richters spend about $400 a month sending books to 200 children. “Some people s
155、it there and wait to die，” says Tim. “Others get as busy as they can in the time they have left.”本文讲述了Tim心脏手术后，对人生的目标有严肃认真的思考，术后，参加Dolly Parton的基金会，并与妻子Linda成立了Richter家庭基金会，每月花400美元给学龄前儿童买书。4What led Tim to think seriously about the meaning of life?AHis health problem.BHis love for teaching.CThe inf
156、luence of his wife.DThe news from the Web.答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话“In April.leads to some serious thinking about lifes purpose”可知A项正确。5What did Tim want to do after learning about Imagination Library?AGive out brochures.BDo something similar.CWrite books for children.DRetire from being a teacher.答案：B。
157、细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二句话“I thought，maybe Linda and I could do something like this when we retire”可知B项正确。6According to the text, Dolly Parton is _.A. a wellknown surgeonB. a mother of a fouryearoldC. a singer born in Tennessee D. a computer programmer答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第一句话“.a program started by Dolly Parton
158、s foundation that mailed a book to children from birth to age five in the singers home town of sevier，Tenneasea”中的singer可知C项正确。7Why did the Richters go to Dollywood?A. To avoid signing up online.B. To meet Dollywood board members.C. To make sure the books were the newest.D. To see if the books were
159、of good quality.答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文倒数第三段第一、二句话可知，书的质量是Richter夫妇关心的问题。因此他们没有在网上报名，而是亲自去多莉坞看看。因此可知D项正确。8What can we learn from Tims words in the last paragraph?A. He needs more money to help the children.B. He wonders why some people are so busy.C. He tries to save those waiting to die.D. He considers his
160、 efforts worthwhile.答案：D。推理判断题。Tim最后说：有些人坐着等死，而另一些人在剩余的时间内尽可能的忙碌。由上文可知，Richter夫妇对自己所做的事情很满意，并且其他人也非常感激，由此可推出D项正确。AttractionsDo you：Love the National Park, value it and hope to safeguard its future?Wish to see the beautiful landscape of the Park protected?Like to enjoy peaceful, informal recreation w
161、ithin the Park?AimsThe Friends organization aims are to help protect and improve the Pembrokeshire Coast National Park for all to enjoy. We are a voluntary organization and registered charity without financial links to the National Park Authority.ActivitiesWe encourage everyone to enjoy the National
162、 Park through regular talks and visits to interesting places in the Park with expert guides.We keep an eye on planning applications, Park Authority policies and threats to the National Park such as massive leisure complexes. We work with likeminded organizations such as the Campaign for National Par
163、ks to make our voice more effective.We help children to understand the National Park by sponsoring publications such as an adventure booklet and projects in local schools.BenefitsGuided visits to places of interest which may not always be available to the general public.All members receive our regul
164、ar News and Views.Talks by experts in their fields on current issues.A discount is available on Friends items for sale.Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to be involved.If interested, please complete the Application Form at www._fpnp.org.uk.C(2011江苏卷，B)本篇是一份海报，
165、介绍了一个叫做“Friends organization”的组织。9Which of the following is discouraged by the Friends organization?A. To build massive complexes for public amusement.B. To prevent possible damages to the National Park.C. To help protect and improve the Park for all to enjoy.D. To sponsor publications and projects
166、in local schools.答案：A。细节理解题。由Activities中第二段第一句“We keep an eye on.and threats to the National Park such as massive leisure complexes.”可知，这一组织不赞成建大量的休闲娱乐设施。10. One of the benefits for members of Friends is to_.A. have Friends goods free of chargeB. visit any place not open to the publicC. take part in
167、 work parties if they want toD. give talks in their fields on current issues答案：C。细节理解题。由Benefits中的第五条“Satisfaction of participation in work parties, for those willing and able to be involved.”可知C项符合题意。11The purpose of this poster is to invite more people to_.A. raise money for the Friends organizati
168、onB. join the Friends organization and be members of itC. work as managers for Pembrokeshire National ParkD. enjoy the landscape of Pembrokeshire National Park答案：B。写作意图题。由文章最后一句“If interested, please complete the Application Form at www.fpnp.org.uk.”可知该海报的目的是邀请更多的人参与。D(2011湖南卷，C)A recent study of an
169、cient and modern elephants has come up with the unexpected conclusion that the African elephant is divided into two distinct(不同的) species.The discovery was made by researchers at York and Harvard Universities when they were examining the genetic relationship between the ancient woolly mammoth and ma
170、stodon to modern elephantsthe Asian elephant, African forest elephant, and African savanna elephant.Once they obtained DNA sequences (序列)from two fossils (化石), mammoths and mastodons, the team compared them with DNA from modern elephants. They found to their amazement that modern forest and savanna
171、elephants are as distinct from each other as Asian elephants and mammoths.The scientists used detailed genetic analysis to prove that the African savanna elephant and the African forest elephant have been distinct species for several million years. The divergence of the two species took place around
172、 the time of the divergence of Asian elephants and woolly mammoths. This result amazed all the scientists.There has long been debate in the scientific community that the two might be separate species, but this is the most convincing scientific evidence so far that they are indeed different species.P
173、reviously, many naturalists believed that African savanna elephants and African forest elephants were two populations of the same species, despite the elephants significant size differences. The savanna elephant has an average shoulder height of 3.5 metres while the forest elephant has an average sh
174、oulder height of 2.5 metres. The savanna elephant weighs between six and seven tons, roughly double the weight of the forest elephant. But the fact that they look so different does not necessarily mean they are different species. However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA.Alfred Roca, assistan
175、t professor in the Department of Animal Sciences at the University of Illinois, said, “We now have to treat the forest and savanna elephants as two different units for conservation purposes. Since 1950, all African elephants have been conserved as one species. Now that we know the forest and savanna
176、 elephants are two very distinctive animals, the forest elephant should become a bigger priority (优先) for conservation purposes.”本文讲述了一项新的科学发现：通过对非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象DNA的鉴定，科学家们得出结论：它们是两种不同的物种。我们要保护这些珍稀动物。12One of the fossils studied by the researchers is that of _Athe Asian elephant Bthe forest elephant C
177、the savanna elephant Dthe mastodon elephant 答案：D。细节理解题。由第3段第一句话“.two fossils，mammoths and mastodons.”可知D项正确。13The underlined word “divergence”in Paragraph 4 means “_ ”Aevolution Bexhibition Cseparation Dexamination 答案：C。词义猜测题。科学家门一直在证明非洲森林大象和非洲草原大象是两种不同的物种，他们之间的分歧使科学家们大为惊讶。14The researchers conclusi
178、on was based on a study of the African elephants _.ADNA Bheight Cweight Dpopulation答案：A。细节理解题。由倒数第二段最后一句话“However the proof lay in the analysis of the DNA”可知。15What are Alfred Rocas words mainly about?AThe conservation of African elephants.BThe purpose of studying African elephants.CThe way to divid
179、e African elephants into two units.DThe reason for the distinction of African elephants.答案：A。推理判断题。由文章最后一段“.for conservation purposes”可知A项正确。16Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?ANaturalists Beliefs about ElephantsBAmazing Experiments about ElephantsCAn Unexpected Finding a
180、bout ElephantsDA Long Scientific Debate about Elephants答案：C。主旨大意题。全文讲述了关于非洲大象的一项意外的发现。E(2011新课标卷，D)Wanted, Someone for a KissWere looking for producers to join us on the sound of London Kiss 100FM. Youll work on the stations music programmes. Music production experience in radio is necessary, along
181、with rich knowledge of modern dance music. Please apply in writing to Producer Vacancies, Kiss100.Father ChristmasWere looking for a very special person, preferably over 40, to fill our Father Christmas suit.Working days: Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from December 17
182、to December 24 except Sundays, 10：3016：00.Excellent pay.Please contact(联系)the Enterprise Shopping Centre, Station Parade, Eastbourne.Accountants Assistant When you join the team in our Revenue Administration Unit, you will be providing assistance within all parts of the Revenue Division, dealing wit
183、h post and other general duties. If you are educated to GCSE grade C level we would like to talk to you. This position is equally suitable for a school leaver or for somebody who has office experience.Wealden District CouncilSoftware Trainer If you are aged 2445 and have experience in teaching and t
184、raining, you could be the person we are looking for. You should be good at the computer and have some experience in programme writing. You will be allowed to make your own decisions, and to design courses as well as present them. Pay upwards of 15,000 for the right person. Please apply by sending yo
185、ur CV (简历) to Mrs R. Oglivie, Palmlace Limited.本文是一则招聘音乐制作人、圣旦老人、会计助理、软件培训人员的广告。17Who should you get in touch with if you hope to work in a radio station?AProducer Vacancies, Kiss 100.BMrs Oglivie, Palmlace Limited. CThe Enterprise Shopping Centre.DWealden District Council.答案：A。细节理解题。根据第一则广告的最后一句可知答
186、案。18We learn from the ads that the Enterprise Shopping Centre needs a person who _.Ais aged between 24 and 40Bmay do some training work Cshould deal with general dutiesDcan work for about a month答案：D。细节理解题。根据第二则广告的“working days：Every Saturday from November 24 to December 15 and every day from Decemb
187、er 17 to December 24 except Sundays, 10301600”可知D项正确。19Which position is open to recent school graduates?AProducer, London Kiss.BFather Christmas.CAccountants Assistant.DSoftware Trainer.答案：C。细节理解题。根据第三则广告的最后一句可知中学毕业生适合这一工作。20What kind of person would probably apply to Palmlace Limited?AOne with GCS
188、E grade C level.BOne with some office experience.COne having good computer knowledge.DOne trained in producing music programmes.答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一则广告可知，擅长电脑和程序编写的人可以申请Palmlace有限公司。(五)A(2011新课标卷，A)When milk arrived on the doorstepWhen I was a boy growing up in New Jersey in the 1960s, we had a milkman
189、delivering milk to our doorstep. His name was Mr. Basille. He wore a white cap and drove a white truck. As a 5yearold boy, I couldnt take my eyes off the coin changer fixed to his belt. He noticed this one day during a delivery and gave me a quarter out of his coin changer.Of course, he delivered mo
190、re than milk. There was cheese, eggs and so on. If we needed to change our order, my mother would pen a note“Please add a bottle of buttermilk next delivery”and place it in the box along with the empty bottles. And then, the buttermilk would magically (魔术般) appear.All of this was about more than con
191、venience. There existed a close relationship between families and their milkmen. Mr.Basille even had a key to our house, for those times when it was so cold outside that we put the box indoors, so that the milk wouldnt freeze. And I remember Mr. Basille from time to time taking a break at our kitche
192、n table, having a cup of tea and telling stories about his delivery.There is sadly no home milk delivery today. Big companies allowed the production of cheaper milk, thus making it difficult for milkmen to compete. Besides, milk is for sale everywhere, and it may just not have been practical to have
193、 a delivery service.Recently, an old milk box in the countryside I saw brought back my childhood memories. I took it home and planted it on the back porch (门廊). Every so often my sons friends will ask what it is. So I start telling stories of my boyhood, and of the milkman who brought us friendship
194、along with his milk.本文讲述了自己小时候与送奶人之间的故事。Basille先生不仅是送奶的，而且和他的家人建立了密切的关系。现在大公司开始大量生产奶，到处都有卖奶的，因此不再需要送奶服务，但作者很怀念以前的事情。1Mr. Basille gave the boy a quarter out of his coin changer _.Ato show his magical powerBto pay for the deliveryCto satisfy his curiosityDto please his mother答案：C。推理判断题。由短文第一段最后两句话可知：“
195、我一直盯着他腰带上的钱包，当Basille注意到这一点时，从里面拿了一枚硬币给了我”。由此可知，是为了满足我的好奇心。2What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boys house?AHe wanted to have tea there.BHe was a respectable person.CHe was treated as a family member.DHe was fully trusted by the family.答案：D。推理判断题。由短文第三段可知，我们与送奶人有密切
196、的关系，他有我们家的钥匙，并不时来我们家休息、聊天、讲故事。由此可推断我们一家人非常信任他。3Why does home milk delivery no longer exist?ANobody wants to be a milkman now.BIt has been driven out of the market.CIts service is getting poor.DIt is forbidden by law.答案：B。推理判断题。由短文倒数第二段可知，由于大公司生产大量的廉价奶，人们到处都可以买到，不再需要送奶的。由此可知送奶业被挤出的市场。4Why did the aut
197、hor bring back home an old milk box?AHe missed the good old days.BHe wanted to tell interesting stories.CHe needed it for his milk bottles.DHe planted flowers in it.答案：A。细节理解题。由短文最后一段可知，旧奶箱使他回想起来童年时代的记忆，因此他把这个旧奶箱带回家。由此可知，他想念过去的美好日子。B(2011陕西卷，B)Most people know that Marie Curie was the first woman to
198、 win the Nobel Prize, and the first person to win it twice. However, few people know that she was also the mother of a Nobel Prize winner.Born in September, 1897, Irene Curie was the first of the Curies two daughters. Along with nine other children whose parents were also famous scholars, Irene stud
199、ied in their own school, and her mother was one of the teachers. She finished her high school education at the College of Svign in Paris.Irene entered the University of Paris in 1914 to prepare for a degree in mathematics and physics. When World War I began, Irene went to help her mother, who was us
200、ing Xray facilities(设备) to help save the lives of wounded soldiers.Irene continued the work by developing Xray facilities in military hospitals in France and Belgium. Her services were recognised in the form of a Military Medal by the French government.In 1918, Irene became her mothers assistant at
201、the Curie Institute. In December 1924, Frederic Joliot joined the Institute, and Irene taught him the techniques required for his work. They soon fell in love and were married in 1926. Their daughter Helene was born in 1927 and their son Pierre five years later.Like her mother, Irene combined family
202、 and career. Like her mother, Irene was awarded a Nobel Prize, along with her husband, in 1935. Unfortunately, also like her mother, she developed leukemia because of her work with radioactivity(辐射能). Irene JoliotCurie died from leukemia on March 17, 1956.本文是一篇人物介绍。介绍居里夫人大女儿Irene Curie的一生。5Why was I
203、rene Curie awarded a Military Medal?ABecause she received a degree in mathematics.BBecause she contributed to saving the wounded.CBecause she won the Nobel Prize with Frederic.DBecause she worked as a helper to her mother.答案：B。细节理解题。根据文章第三段可知，第一次世界大战开始后，Irene帮助母亲救助伤员，法国政府以军功章的形式表示对她的贡献的认可。所以选择B项。6Wh
204、ere did Irene Curie meet her husband Frederic Joliot?AAt the Curie Institute. BAt the University of Paris.CAt a military hospital. DAt the College of Svign.答案：A。推理判断题。文章第四段说：在1918年，Irene在居里夫人研究院成为母亲的助手，1924年12月Frederic Joliot加入了该研究院，Irene教给他该项工作要求的技术，不久他们相爱了并于1926年结婚，由此可推断出C项正确。7When was the second
205、child of Irene Curie and Frederic Joliot born?AIn 1932. BIn 1927. CIn 1897. DIn 1926.答案：A。细节理解题。第四段最后一句表明：他们第一个孩子于1927年出生，5年后(1932年)第二个孩子出生，所以A项正确。8In which of the following aspects was Irene Cuire different from her mother?AIrene worked with radioactivity.BIrene combined family and career.CIrene wo
206、n the Nobel Prize once. DIrene died from leukemia.答案：C。推理判断题。纵观全文可知，Irene在“与放射性物质打交道/把家庭与事业相结合/死于leukemia”这三方面与母亲相同，不同的是Irene获得一次诺贝尔奖，母亲两次。C(2011辽宁卷，C)Many people believe Henry Ford invented the automobile (汽车)But Henry Ford did not start to build his first car until 1896.That was eleven years after
207、 two Germans developed the worlds first automobile.Many people believe Henry Ford invented the production line that moved a cars parts to the worker，instead of making the worker move to the parts.That is not true，either.Many factory owners used methods of this kind before Ford.What Henry Ford did wa
208、s to use other peoples ideas and make them better.And he made the whole factory a moving production line.In the early days of the automobile，almost every car maker raced his cars.It was the best way of gaining public notice.Henry Ford decided to build a racing car.Fords most famous race was his firs
209、t one.It was also the last race in which he drove the car himself.The race was in 1901，at a field near Detroit.All of the most famous cars had entered, but only two were left：the Winton and Fords.The Winton was famous for its speed.Most people thought the race was over before it began.The Winton too
210、k an early lead.But halfway through the race, it began to lose power.Ford started to gain.And near the end of the race, he took the lead.Ford won the race and defeated the Winton.His name appeared in newspapers and he became wellknown all over the United States.Within weeks of the race, Henry Ford f
211、ormed a new automobile company.In 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company.That_sale was the beginning of Henry Fords dream.Ford said: “I will build a motor car for the great mass of people.It will be large enough for the family, but small enough for one person to operate and
212、care for.It will be built of the best materials.It will be built by the best men to be employed.And it will be built with the simplest plans that modern engineering can produce.It will be so low in price that no man making good money will be unable to own one.”The Model T was a car of that kind.It o
213、nly cost $850.It was a simple machine that drivers could depend on.Doctors bought the Model TSo did farmers.Even criminals. They considered it the fastest and surest form of transportation.Americans loved the Model TThey wrote stories and songs about it.Thousands of Model Ts were built in the first
214、few years.本文记叙了亨利福特充分利用别人的想法，生产出了自己的汽车，形成了自己的生产流水线。通过赛车比赛，使公众关注到自己的汽车，然后建立了自己的汽车公司，为所有的普通顾客生产汽车。9What do we know about Henry Ford from Paragraph 1?AHe made good use of ideas from others.BHe produced the first car in the world.CHe knew how to improve auto parts.DHe invented the production line.答案：A。细
215、节理解题。根据短文第一段倒数第二句话可知：福特所做的就是利用别人的想法，然后更好地利用。10Why did Henry Ford take part in the 1901 car race?ATo show off his driving skills.BTo draw public attention.CTo learn about new technology.DTo raise money for his new company.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第二段可知，开始时，每个汽车制造者都开赛车，并且这是引人注意的最好方法。因此他制造自己的赛车，进行比赛，目的是引人注意。11“T
216、hat sale” in Paragraph 4 refers to_.Athe selling of Ford cars at reduced pricesBthe sale of Model T to the mass of peopleCthe selling of a car to a Detroit doctorDthe sales target for the Ford Company答案：C。词义猜测题。由上一句话“In 1903, a doctor in Detroit bought the first car from the company”可知，that sale指代的是
217、医生买车这件事。12What was Henry Fords dream according to the text?AProducing cars for average customers.BBuilding racing cars of simple design.CDesigning more car models.DStarting more companies.答案：A。细节理解题。由短文倒数第二段及最后一段可知，他造的车价格低，能挣钱的人都能买得起他的车，医生，农民甚至罪犯都买他的车。由此可知他的梦想就是为普通老百姓造车。D(2011四川卷，D)“Experience may p
218、ossibly be the best teacher，but it is not a particulary good teacher.” You might think that Winston Churchill or perhaps Mark Twain spoke those words, but they actually come from James March, a professor at Stanford University and a pioneer in the field of organizational decision making. For years M
219、arch( possibly the wisest philosopher of management) has studied how humans think and act，and he continues to do so in his new book The Ambiguities of Experience.He begins by reminding us of just how firmly we have been sticking to the idea of experiential learning ：“Experience is respected；experien
220、ce is sought；experience is explained.”The problem is that learning from experience involves(涉及) serious complications (复杂化)，ones that are part of the nature of experience itself and which March discusses in the body of this book.In one interesting part of the book，for example, he turns a doubtful ey
221、e toward the use of stories as the most effective way of experiential learning. In our efforts to make stories interesting, he argues, we lose part of the complicated truth of things. He says“The more accurately(精确地)reality is presented，the less understandable the story，and the more understandable t
222、he story，the less realistic it is.”Besides being a broadly knowledgeable researcher, March is also a poet, and his gift shines through in the depth of views he offers and the simple language he uses. Though the book is short, it is demanding：Dont pick it up looking for quick, easy lessons. Rather, b
223、e ready to think deeply about learning from experience in work and life.多年来，人们强调经验型学习。而一位名叫James Mark的却说：经验可能是最好的老师，却不是一个特别好的老师。通过对于经验型学习，本文介绍了James Mark的关于经验的书。13According to the text, James March is _.Aa poet who uses experience in his writingBa teacher who teaches story writing in universityCa re
224、searcher who studies the way humans think and actDa professor who helps organizations make important decisions答案：C。细节判断题。从第一个段落中最后一句话里可以找到信息句，即同选项C所说的一致。14According to James March, experience _.Ais overvalued Bis easy to explainCshould be actively soughtDshould be highly respected答案：A推理判断题。从文章的开头以及文
225、中的字里行间“the problem is.” “turn a doubtful eye on.” 以及“think deeply about experience learning”等可以推测出James 对于经验学习持怀疑态度，认为人们太过于重视经验学习这一方式了。15What can we learn from Paragraph 3?AExperience makes stories more accurate.BStories made interesting fail to fully present the truth.CThe use of stories is the bes
226、t way of experiential learning.DStories are easier to understand when reality is more accurately described.答案：B。细节判断题。在倒数第二段中，James所说的话中“to make stories more interesting, we lose part of the complicated truth of things”就表明了故事越有趣，就越没有真实感，同选项B所说。16Whats the purpose of this text?ATo introduce a book.BT
227、o describe a researcher.CTo explain experiential learning.DTo discuss organizational decision making.答案：A。作者意图判断题。纵观全文，作者一直都在围绕着一本书，在阐述关于本书中的内容以及本书作者的观点等，故选A。E(2011湖北卷，E)Which are you more likely to have with you at any given momentyour cellphone or your wallet? Soon you may be able to throw your wa
228、llet away and pay for things with a quick wave of your smart phone over an electronic scanner.In January，Starbucks announced that customers could start using their phones to buy coffee in 6,800 of its stores.This is the first paybyphone practice in the US.，but were likely to see more wireless paymen
229、t alternatives as something called near field communication(NFC)gets into Americas consumer electronics.Last December，some new smart phones which contain an NFC chip were introduced to the public.Already in use in parts of Asia and Europe，NFC allows shoppers to wave their phones a few inches above a
230、 payment terminala contactfree system built for speed and convenience.But before NFC becomes widely adopted in the US.，a few problems need to be worked out，like who will get to collect the profitable transaction(交易)fees.Although some credit card providers have been experimenting with waveandpay syst
231、ems that use NFCenabled credit cards，cellphone service providers may try to muscle their way into the pointofsale (POS)market.Three big cellphone service providers have formed a joint venture(合资企业)that will go into operation over the next 15 months.Its goal is“to lead the US. payments industry from
232、cards to mobile phone.”The other big NFC issue，apart from how payments will be processed，is security.For instance，whats to stop a thief from digitally pickpocketing you? “Were still not at the point where an attacker can just brush against you in a crowd and steal all the money out of your phone，”sa
233、ys Jimmy Shah，a mobile security researcher，“Users may also be able to set transaction limits，perhaps requiring a password to be entered for larger purchases.”Still uneasy about this digitalwallet business？Keep in mind that if you lose your smart phone，it can be located on a map and remotely disabled
234、.Plus，your phone can be password protected.Your wallet isnt.随着手机的普遍使用，以及手机功能的提升，如今，用手机付费购物都已经成了现实。 随着第一部能够付费的手机的诞生，以及其配套的科技手段的支撑，付费购物手机很快便成为美国市场上的抢手货。17What is predicted to happen in the US.?AThe expansion of cellphone companies.BThe boom of paybyphone business.CThe disappearance of credit cards.DTh
235、e increase of Starbucks sales.答案：B。推理判断题。从第二个段落的第二句话，随着第一部“用手机付费”的手机的上市，美国人会看到“more wireless payment”，可以推断出：这种手机会迅速火起来，即如同选项B所说的“boom”。18The NFC technology can be used to_.Aensure the safety of shoppersBcollect transaction fees easilyCmake purchase faster and simplerDimprove the quality of cellphone
236、s答案：C。理解判断题。根据本段中关于NFC的说法“wireless payment alternative”可以断定：这种无限付费方式自然是极其方便的，即：快捷的购物手段。故选项C的说法是对的。19Three cellphone service providers form a joint venture to_.A. strengthen their relationshipB. get a share in the payments industryC. sell more cellphonesD. test the NFC technology答案：B。理解判断题。根据第三个段落“ma
237、y try to muscle their way into the pointofsale market”以及最后一句话“Its goal is.”可以找到本问题的提示，即： 为了打入这个新兴行业的市场，由此可见，选项B的说法与原文的信息句非常吻合。20According to the passage，what can users do if they lose their smart phones?A. Stop the functioning of their phones.B. Set up a password.C. Get all the money out of their ph
238、ones.D. Cancel large purchases.答案：A。细节判断题。从最后一段中的信息词“remotely disabled”可以断定选项A是正确的。(六)A(2011全国卷，B)For those who study the development of intelligence (智力) in the animal world，selfawareness is an important measurement. An animal that is aware (意识) of itself has a high level of intelligence. Awareness
239、 can be tested by studying whether the animal recognizes itself in the mirror, that is, its own reflected image (反射出的影像). Many animals fail this exercise bitterly, paying very little attention to the reflected image. Only humans，and some intelligent animals like apes and dolphins，have been shown to
240、recognize that the image in the mirror is of themselves.Now another animal has joined the club. In the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, researchers report that an Asian elephant has passed the mirror selfreflection test. “We thought that elephants were the next important animal，”said
241、 Diana Reiss of the Wildlife Conservation Society, an author of the study with Joshua M. Plotnik and FansB. M. de Waal of Emory University. With their large brains，Reiss said, elephants “seemed like cousins to apes and dolphins.”The researchers tested Happy. Maxine and Patty, three elephants at the
242、Bronx Zoo. They put an 8footsquare mirror on a wall of the animals play area (out of the sight of zoo visitors) and recorded what happened with cameras, including one built in the mirror.The elephants used their long noses to find what was behind it，and to examine parts of their bodies.Of the three,
243、 Happy then passed the test，in which a clear mark was painted on one side of her face. She could tell the mark was there by looking in the mirror, and she used the mirror to touch the mark with her long nose.Diana Reiss said，“We knew elephants were intelligent, but now we can talk about their intell
244、igence in a better way.”文章通过实验说明能意识到自身形象的动物具有高智商。1. What can mirror tests tell us about animals?A. Whether they have large brains. B. Whether they have selfawareness.C. Whether they enjoy outdoor exercises. D. Whether they enjoy playing with mirrors.答案：B。细节理解题。由文章第二段第一句话“Awareness can be tested by.”
245、可知B项正确。2. Why does the author mention apes and dolphins in the text?A. They are most familiar to readers.B. They are big favorites with zoo visitors.C. They are included in the study by Reiss.D. They are already known to be intelligent.答案：D。推理判断题。由第二段最后一句可知人们已经知道apes和dolphins是聪明的。3. What made Happy
246、different from Maxine and Patty?A. She used her nose to search behind the mirror.B. She recognized her own image in the mirror.C. She painted a mark on her own face.D. She found the hidden camera.答案：B。推理判断题。由倒数第二段可推出Happy能辨别出自己在镜子中的形象。B(2011山东卷，A)Arthur Miller(19152005)is universally recognized as o
247、ne of the greatest dramatists of the 20th century. Millers father had moved to the USA from AustriaHungary, drawn like so many others by the“Great American Dream”. However, he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Great Depression of the early 1930s. Miller
248、s most famous play, Death of a Salesman, is a powerful attack on the American system, with its aggressive way of doing business and its insistence on money and social status as indicators of worth. In Willy Loman, the hero of the play, we see a man who has got into trouble with this system. Willy is
249、 “burnt out” and in the cruel world of business there is no room for sentiment: if he cant do the work, then he is no good to his employer, the Wagner Company, and he must go. Willy is painfully aware of this, and at a loss as to what to do with his lack of success. He refuses to face the fact that
250、he has failed and kills himself in the end.When it was first staged in 1949, the play was greeted with enthusiastic reviews，and it won the Tony Award for Best Play，the New York Drama Critics Circle Award, and the Pulitzer Prize for Drama.It was the first play to win all three of these major awards.M
251、iller died of heart failure at his home in Roxbury，Connecticut, on the evening of February 10, 2005, the 56th anniversary of the first performance of Death of a Salesman on Broadway.本文讲述了亚瑟米勒，美国著名的剧作家，以及他的著名的戏剧男售货员之死，当这部戏剧第一次搬上舞台时，赢得了巨大的成功，获得了三项大奖。4. Why did Arthur Miller s father move to the USA?A.
252、 He suffered from severe hunger in his home country.B. He was attracted by the “Great American Dream”C. He hoped to make his son a dramatist. D. His family business failed.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第二句话“Millers father had moved to the USA from AustriaHungary，drawn like so many others by the Great American D
253、ream”可知答案。5The play Death of a Salesman _.A. exposes the cruelty of the American business world B. discusses the ways to get promoted in a company C. talks about the business career of Arthur Miller D. focuses on the skills in doing business答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第三、四句话可知，Willy Loman已陷入美国社会制度的困境中，他已精疲力尽，
254、在这残酷的商业世界中，他不知道应该怎样做，最后，他选择了自杀。由此可知A项正确。6. What can we learn about Willy Loman?A. He treats his employer badly. B. He runs the Wagner Company. C. He is a victim of the American system.D. He is regarded as a hero by his colleagues.答案：C。推理判断题。由短文第二段可知，Willy Loman在这残酷的商业世界中，根本没有情感可言，但是他又不能对不起他的雇主和公司，他又
255、不知道如何处理自己的失败，只有选择自杀，由此可知他是美国社会制度的牺牲品。7. After it was first staged, Death of a Salesman_.A. achieved huge success B. won the first Tony AwardC. was warmly welcomed by salesmen D. was severely attacked by dramatists答案：A。细节理解题。由短文第三段可知，戏剧Death of a Salesman第一次搬上舞台，就赢得了三项大奖，故A项正确。8. What is the text mai
256、nly about?A. Arthur Miller and his family. B. The awards Arthur Miller won.C. The hardship Arthur Miller experienced. D. Arthur Miller and his bestknown play.答案：D。主旨大意题。综观全文可知，本文主要讲述了亚瑟米勒及他的名著Death of a Salesman，故D项正确。C(2011江苏卷，A)We know the famous onesthe Thomas Edisons and the Alexander Graham Bel
257、lsbut what about the less famous inventors? What about the people who invented the traffic light and the windshield wiper(雨刮器)？Shouldnt we know who they are?Joan McLean thinks so. In fact, McLean, a professor of physics at Mountain University in Range, feels so strongly about this matter that shes d
258、eveloped a course on the topic. In addition to learning “who”invented“what”， however, McLean also likes her students to learn the answers to the“why” and “how” questions. According to McLean，“When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for
259、inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”Her students agree. One young man with a patent for an unbreakable umbrella is walking proof of McLeans statement. “If I had not heard the story of the windshield wipers invention，”said Tommy Lee, a senior physics major，“I never would have dreame
260、d of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.”Lee is currently negotiating to sell his patent to an umbrella producer.So, just what is the story behind the windshield wiper? Well，Mary Anderson came up with the idea in 1902 after a visit to New York City.The day wa
261、s cold and stormy, but Anderson still wanted to see the sights，so she jumped aboard a streetcar. Noticing that the driver was struggling to see through the snow covering the windshield，she found herself wondering why there couldnt be a builtin device for cleaning the window. Still wondering about th
262、is when she returned home to Birmingham, Alabama, Anderson started drafting out solutions. One of her ideas, a lever(操作杆)on the inside of a vehicle that would control an arm on the outside, became the first windshield wiper.Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations. Its hard to imag
263、ine driving without Garrett AMorgans traffic light. Its equally impossible to picture a world without Katherine JBlodgetts innovation that makes glass invisible. Can you picture life without clear windows and eyeglasses?大发明家与重要的发明固然令人振奋，但生活中也离不开小发明，本篇文章鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。9By mentioning “traffic light”a
264、nd “windshield wiper”，the author indicates that countless inventions are_.A. beneficial，because their inventors are famousB. beneficial，though their inventors are less famousC. not useful, because their inventors are less famousD. not useful, though their inventors are famous答案：B。细节理解题。由文章最后一段，特别是第一
265、句“Today we benefit from countless inventions and innovations.”可知信号灯和雨刮器等这些小的发明使我们受益。第一段最后一句“Shouldnt we know who they are？”意思是“难道我们不该知道他们(发明者)是谁吗？”可知发明者不怎么出名。10Professor Joan McLeans course aims to_.A. add colour and variety to students campus lifeB. inform students of the windshield wipers inventio
266、nC. carry out the requirements by Mountain UniversityD. prepare students to try their own inventions答案：D。细节理解题。由第二段内容，特别是最后一句“.When students learn the answers to these questions, they are better prepared to recognize opportunities for inventing and more motivated to give inventing a try.”可知D项最佳。11To
267、mmy Lees invention of the unbreakable umbrella was_.A. not eventually accepted by the umbrella producer B. inspired by the story behind the windshield wiper C. due to his dream of being caught in a rainstormD. not related to Professor Joan McLeans lectures答案：B。细节理解题。由第三段中Tommy Lee的话“If I had not hea
268、rd the story of the windshield wipers invention.I never would have dreamed of turning my bad experience during a rainstorm into something so constructive.”可知他的发明是因为受到雨刮器的发明故事的启发。12Which of the following can best serve as the title of this passage?A. How to Help Students to Sell Their Inventions to P
269、roducers?B. How to Design a Builtin Device for Cleaning the Window?C. Shouldnt We Know Who Invented the Windshield Wiper?D. Shouldnt We Develop Invention Courses in Universities? 答案：C。主旨大意题。全文讲述一些重要的发明，虽不为人知，却非常有益，借以鼓励年轻人要善于把握发明的契机。其他选项都比较片面。D(2011辽宁卷，B)About 21,000 young people in 17 American state
270、s do not attend classes in school buildings.Instead，they receive their elementary (初等) and high school education by working at home on computers.The Center for Education Reform says the United States has 67 public“cyberschools”，and that is about twice as many as two years ago.The money for students
271、to attend a cyberschool comes from the governments of the states where they live.Some educators say cyberschools receive money that should support traditional public schools.They also say it is difficult to know if students are learning well.Other educators praise this new form of education for lett
272、ing students work at their own speed.These people say cyberschools help students who were unhappy or unsuccessful in traditional schools.They say learning at home by computer ends long bus rides for children who live far from school.Whatever the judgment of cyberschools，they are getting more and mor
273、e popular.For example，a new cyberschool called Commonwealth Connections Academy will take in students this fall.It will serve children in the state of Pennsylvania from ages five through thirteen.Children get free equipment for their online education.This includes a computer，a printer，books and tech
274、nical services.Parents and students talk with teachers by telephone or by sending emails through their computers when necessary.Students at cyberschools usually do not know one another.But 56 such students who finished studies at Western Pennsylvania Cyber Charter School recently met for the first t
275、ime.They were guests of honor at their graduation.本文讲述了美国很多年轻人不去学校学，而是在家参加网络学习。教育家对网络学校持不同的看法。有些教育家认为很难知道网络学习质量的好坏。有些教育家认为网络学习可按学生自己的速度进行，且不用坐车去上学。不管怎样，网络学习越来越受欢迎。13What do we know from the text about students of a cyberschool?AThey have to take long bus rides to school.BThey study at home rather th
276、an in classrooms.CThey receive money from traditional public schools.DThey do well in traditional school programs.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段第一、二句可知，学生不用去学校而是在家里通过电脑学习。14What is a problem with cyberschools?ATheir equipment costs a lot of money.BThey get little support from the state government.CIt is hard to
277、 know students progress in learning.DThe students find it hard to make friends.答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知：很难知道网络学习的好坏。15Cyberschools are getting popular because_.Athey are less expensive for studentsBtheir students can work at their own speedCtheir graduates are more successful in societyDthey serve
278、students in a wider age range答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第三段第一句话可知，网络学习的好处是学生可按自己的速度进行。16We can infer that the author of the text is_.Aunprejudiced in his description of cyberschoolsBexcited about the future of cyberschoolsCdoubtful about the quality of cyberschoolsDdisappointed at the development of cyberschool
279、s答案：A。推理判断题。综观全文可知，作者客观地描述了网络学习的优缺点，由此可知作者对网络学校并不含偏见。E(2011福建卷，D)Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy Onassis was one of the most private women in the world, yet when she went to work as an editor in the last two decades of her life, she revealed (展现) herself as she did nowhere else.After the death of her sec
280、ond husband，Greek shipping magnate (巨头) Aristotle Onassis lacquelines close friend and former White House social secretary Letitis Baldrige made a suggestion that she consider a career (职业) in publishing.After consideration，Jacqueline accepted it.Perhaps she hoped to find there some ideas about how
281、to live her own life. She became not less but more interested in reading.For the last 20 years of her life, Jacqueline worked as a publishers editor, first at Viking，then at Doubleday, pursuing(追求)a latelife career longer than her two marriages combined.During her time in publishing, she was respons
282、ible for managing and editing more than 100 successfully marketed books.Among the first books were In the Russian Style and Inventive Paris Clothes.She also succeeded in persuading TV hosts Bill Moyers and Joseph Campbell to transform their popular television conversation into a book ，The Power of M
283、yth.The book went on to become an international bestseller.She dealt，too with Michael Jackson as he prepared his autobiography(自传)，Moonwalk.Jacqueline may have been hired for her name and for her social relations，but she soon proved her worth.Her choices，suggestions and widespread social relations w
284、ere of benefit both to the publishing firms and to Jacqueline herself.In the books she selected for publication，she built on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind.Her books are the autobiogaphy she never wrote.Her_role_as_First_Lady，in_the_end
285、，was_overshadowed_by_her_performance_as_an_editor.However，few knew that she had achieved so much. 本文主要讲述Jacqueline在选择了编辑这一职业后所做出的成就。在这一行业里她的光芒甚至压过了她作为第一夫人的头衔。17We can learn from the passage that Jacqueline_.Abecame fond of reading after working as an editorBwas in charge of publishing 100 booksCprom
286、oted her books through social relationsDgained a lot from her career as an editor答案：D。推理判断题。由文章内容可知，在第二任丈夫去世后 ，朋友推荐Jacqueline考虑在出版业谋一职位，没有想到她在此行业取得了成功，即D项正确。18The underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably means that_.AJacqueline ended up as an editor rather than as First LadyBJacquelines li
287、fe as First Lady was more colorful than as an editorCJacqueline was more successful as an editor than as First LadyDJacquelines role as First Lady was more brilliant than as an editor答案：C。句意理解题。解本题的关键在于正确理解overshadow一词。通读全文可知，Jacqueline作为编辑取得了巨大成功，光芒超过了她第一夫人的头衔，故C项正确。19What can be inferred from the
288、passage?AJacquelines two marriages lasted more than 20 years.BJacquelines own publishing firm was set up eventually.CJacquelines views and beliefs were reflected in the books she edited.DJacquelines achievements were widely known.答案：C。推理判断题。由文章最后一段信息“In her books she selected for publication，she bui
289、lt on a lifetime of spending time by herself as a reader and left a record of the growth of her mind.”可知她的一些个人观点在自己编辑的书中有所表露，故C项正确。20The passage is mainly_.Aan introduction of Jacquelines life both as First Lady and as an editorBa brief description of Jacquelines lifelong experiencesCa brief account
290、 of Jacquelines career as an editor in her last 20 yearsDan analysis of Jacquelines social relations in publishing答案：C。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲述Jacqueline作为编辑所取得的成就，故C项正确。(七)A(2011福建卷，B)For five days，Edmontons Downtown Park is transformed into one huge stage where artists are able to share their talents，a
291、nd where people are able to celebrate and enjoy themselves.Since its beginning in 1980，the Edmonton Folk Music Festival has been commemorating (纪念) the true feeling of what folk music is all about and thats the traditional togetherness(友爱)that is felt when people gather to share stories and feelings
292、 through song.This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival.“People coming off a busy spring and summer have a moment of relaxation.”Riedel said.“Its really easy to relax，and its great seeing family and friends have fun together.”These families a
293、nd friends come from all different kinds of musical tastes.People who take pleasure in Blues are there，so are people who love Bluegrass.This festival does its best to develop everyones musical interests.With so many years of experience，the festival has become a welloiled machine，and does whatever it
294、 can to make attendees feel as comfortable as possible.There are free water stations throughout the venue (举办地) for people to fill up their travel cups.When people buy food，reusable dishes are given a $2 plate fee，but that is returned when the plate is brought back.The festival has completely sold o
295、ut of tickets, and in record time.But with big names such as Van Morrison and Jakob Dylan, its easy to see how that was going to happen.There is no parking area during the festival, so using the Park & Ride system or Edmonton Transit is highly recommended.A bike lockup area is provided and will be a
296、vailable Thursday until Sunday one hour before the gates open until 45 minutes after the gates close.The Edmonton Folk Music Festival begins on Wednesday, Aug.4 with Van Morrison playing the special donation fund (基金)concert, and will finish up on Sunday, Aug.8.本文主要讲述为了让人们了解民间音乐的真正意义而举办的一个节日the Edmo
297、nton Folk Music Festival。1The Edmonton Folk Music Festival is held mainly to_.Agather people with different musical tastesBremind people of the real sense of folk musicCexhibit the good voices of great talents in folk musicDcollect old stories of folk music答案：B。细节理解题。由本文的第一段信息“.the Edmonton Music Fe
298、stival has been commemorating the true feeling of what folk music is all about.”可知B项正确。2Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?ARiedel has volunteered for the festival for at least 5 years.BIts hard for people to appreciate Blues.CIt costs people a little to fill up their cups from
299、water stations.DPeople have to pay 2 for a plate of food.答案：A。推理判断题。由第二段第一句话“This year will be the sixth year when volunteer Riedel will be offering up her time to the festival”可推知Riedel至少做志愿者五年了，故A项正确。3We can learn from the passage that_.Apeople can get tickets easily for the festivalBthe Edmonton
300、Folk Music Festival is well organizedCdriving ones own car to the festival is highly recommendedDbikes are available at the festival from Wednesday to Sunday答案：B。推理判断题。由第三段“With so many years of experience，the festival has become a welloiled machine.”可知该节日组织得井井有条，故B项正确。4What would be the best title
301、for this passage?AFolk Music of BluesBOne Festival for AllCFestival for Family GatheringDEdmontons Downtown Park答案：B。主旨大意题。通读全文可知。文章主要讲述the Edmonton Folk Music Festival这一个节日，故B项最佳。B(2011全国卷，C) Student MembershipCambridge Arts Cinema Cambridge Arts Cinema is one of the art houses in Britain and home
302、of the internationally celebrated Cambridge Film Festival. Since 1947 generations of students have discovered the wealth of world cinema. Now you too can make the most of it and save money.At_the_Arts_you_can.choose from up to 40 films a monthsee up to 8 premieres (首映) each monthcatch screenings whe
303、n you likewe open early and close lateincrease your knowledge of film with our special eventseach year we run seasons on various types of films and directorsmeet the filmmakersWhat_you_get_as_a_member：invitation to a preview screening (试映)1 off the standard prices (4.50/3. 50) for any screening incl
304、uding special eventsyour own copy of each cinema programme mailed free of chargea card with your own membership number50% off membership to the Cambridge Darkroom GallerySo what are you waiting for? Just fill in the form and return it either in person or by post to: Box OfficeCambridge Arts Cinema8
305、Market PassageCambridge CN2 3PFIt costs 15 to join and your card can be used from 1st October 2011 to 30th June 2012.Cinema Information: 01223 572929(24hr)Box Office：01223 504444本文主要介绍剑桥艺术影院以广告的形式吸引更多的会员。5Which of the following is the most famous event held at Cambridge Arts Cinema?A. The Cambridge
306、Film Festival.B. Meetings with filmmakers.C. The preview screening.D. Monthly premieres.答案：A。细节理解题。由第一段第一句可判断A项正确。6If youre a member of Cambridge Arts Cinema, you will enjoy free _.A. Darkroom Gallery showsB. mailed programmesC. special film eventsD. film shows答案：B。细节理解题。由文中“your own copy of each ci
307、nema programme mailed free of charge”可知B项正确。7How long will the membership for Cambridge Arts Cinema last?A. Four months. B. Eight months.C. Nine months. D. One year.答案：C。细节理解题。由文中“.from 1st October 2011 to 30th June 2012”可知答案为C项。8For what purpose is the text written?A. Offering students cheaper tick
308、ets.B. Announcing the opening of a premiere.C. Telling the public of the cinemas address.D. Increasing the cinemas membership.答案：D。主旨大意题。综观全文可知本文的主要目的是吸引更多的人成为会员。C(2011湖北卷，C)In todays throwaway society，dealing with the citys growing mountain of waste is an increasing challenge for the city council(市
309、议会)Recently, Edinburgh is faced with the problem of disposing of(处理)about 250,000 million tons of waste a year. Despite different ways to dispose of much of it in a green mannerlargely through encouraging recyclingits aging facilities such as the Powderhall landfill do not have the ability to deal w
310、ith it.The European Union(EU) has issued a new policy，regulating how such mountains of waste are to be disposed of.The five councils (Edinburgh，East Lothian, West Lothian，Midlothian and Borders) face fines around 18 million a year from 2013 if they dont increase recycling levels and rely less on lan
311、dfill.With this in mind，the councils got together with the idea of building a large incinerator plant (垃圾焚烧厂)to burn half of the waste produced in their districts.But this plan fell apart after the change of target levels by a new UK government waste policy which required that no more than 25% of th
312、e citys waste should be disposed of in this way by 2025.After the plan was abandoned，a private company which already transported millions of tons of the citys waste by train to a landfill site near Dunbar，offered an alternative solution when it suggested opening a huge waste site near Portobello.Sin
313、ce Powderhall is supposed to close in 2015，it seemed necessary for the members of the Edinburgh Council to accept the suggestion.But soon they turned it downafter 700 local objections reached thembecause it would have meant hundreds of lorries a day making loud noise through heavily populated areas.
314、That still leaves the council with a problem.By 2013，only 50% of 1995 levels of waste will be allowed to be sent to landfill.Even if recycling targets are met，there will still be a large amount of rubbish to be burnt up.Due to this，Edinburgh and Midlothian councils have now decided to work together
315、to build an incinerator plant as time to find a solution is fast running out.回收利用曾是最绿色的垃圾处理方式。 但是，这种处理方法却不能短时间内满足欧盟对于及时解决废物的政策需求，因此，在回收利用的同时，他们还是得重建一所大型的垃圾焚烧厂。9The main way of handling waste in a green manner in Edinburgh is _.Arecycling BrestoringCburying Dburning答案：A。细节判断题。第二段中的信息词“largely through
316、 encouraging recycling”可以断定选项A的说法是与原文保持一致的。10The five councils worked out a plan to build an incinerator plant to _.Areduce the cost of burying waste Bmeet the EU requirements Cspeed up waste recyclingDreplace landfill sites答案：B。细节判断题。在第三个段落的开头提到了“The EU has issued a new policy.”便可以断定他们制定这个处理垃圾的计划也正
317、是这个政策的出台，所以与选项B的说法是相符合的。11The city council of Edinburgh rejected the suggestion to open a huge landfill site near Portobello because _.Ait came from a private company Bthe council was not interested in it Cit was not supported by EUDthe local people were against it答案：D。细节判断题。根据倒数第二段最后一句“.700 local o
318、bjections reached them.”，可以断定市民是反对的。12What is the final decision of Edinburgh and Midlothian councils? ATo open a new landfill nearby.BTo close the Powderhall landfill in 2015.CTo set up a plant for burning waste.DTo persuade people to reduce their waste.答案：C。细节判断题。根据文章最后一句话中的“set up an incenerator
319、plant”，即：建一个垃圾焚烧厂，就可以断定，选项C与本信息句是相吻合的。D(2011重庆卷，E)Skeptics are a strange lot.Some of them refuse to admit the serious threat of human activities to the enviroment, and they are tired of people who disagree with them.Those people，say skeptics，spread nothing but bad news about the environment.The “eco
320、guilt”brought on by the discouraging news about our planet gives rise to the popularity of skeptics as people search for more comforting worldviews.Perhaps that explains why a new book by Bjorn Lomborg received so much publicity.That book ，The Skeptical Environmentalist, declares that it measures th
321、e “real state of the world”as fine. Of course ，another explanation is the deep pockets of some big businesses with special interests. Indeed, Mr. Lomborgs views are similar to those of some industryfunded organizations, which start huge activities through the media to confuse the public about issues
322、 like global warming.So it was strange to see Mr. Lomborgs book go largely unchallenged in the media though his beliefs were contrary to most scientific opinions. One national newspaper in Canada ran a number of articles and reviews full of words of praise, even with the conclusion that “After Lombo
323、rg, the environmental movement will begin to die down.”Such onesided views should have immediately been challenged. But only a different review appeared in Nature, a respected science magazine with specific readership. The review remarked that Mr. Lomborgs “preference for unexamined materials is inc
324、redible(不可信的)”A critical (批判的)eye is valuable, and the media should present information in such a way that could allow people to make informed decisions. Unfortunately, that is often inaccessible as blocked by the desire to be shocking or to defend some special interests. People might become halfbli
325、nd before a world partially exhibited by the media. Thats a shame, because matters concerning the health of the planet are far too important to be treated lightly.本文讲述了怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境造成的危胁，认为地球状况是良好的，这迎合了一些追求利益的商业公司。但是关系地球健康的问题是相当重要的，人们一定要严肃对待。13. According to the passage, which of the following may
326、be regarded as “skeptics”？A. People who agree on the popularity of “ecoguilt”B. People who disbelieve the serious situation of our planet.C. People who dislike the harmful effect of human activities.D. People who spread comforting news to protect our environment.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文第一段可知，怀疑论者不承认人类活动对环境的影
327、响。短文第二段第二句话中提到，他们认为世界的真正状态是好的，由此可知B项正确。14. Which of the following can be a reason for the popularity of Lomborgs book?ASome big businesses intend to protect their own interests. BThe book challenges views about the fine state of the world.CThe author convinces people to seek comforting worldviews.DI
328、ndustryfunded media present confusing information.答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句话可知Lomborg的观点与一些由工业资助的组织的观点是相似的。因此可知这些大的组织为了自己的利益也不会注重环保。15. The author mentioned the review in Nature in order to _.A. voice a different opinionB. find fault with Lomborgs book C. challenge the authority of the mediaD. point ou
329、t the value of scientific views答案：A。推理判断题。第三段提到加拿大的一家报纸对Lomborg的书大加赞扬，第四段又提到这片面的观点应当受到挑战，然后说“Nature”杂志上就有不同的评论。由此可知A项正确。16. What is the authors main purpose in writing the passage?A. To encourage the skeptics to have a critical eye.B. To warn the public of the danger of halfblindness with reviews.C.
330、 To blame the medias lack of responsibility in presenting information.D. To show the importance of presenting overall information by the media.答案：D。作者意图题。由短文最后一段第二句话可知，媒体应当提供全方位的信息，让人们在了解情况的前提下做出决定。由此可知D项正确。E(2011四川卷，E)In business, theres a speed difference：Its the difference between how important a
331、 firms leaders say speed is to their competitive (竞争的) strategy(策略)and how fast the company actually moves.The difference is important regardless of industry and company size. Companies fearful of losing their competitive advantage spend much time and money looking for ways to pick up the speed.In o
332、ur study of 343 businesses, the companies that chose to go, go, go to try to gain_an_edge ended up with lower sales and operating incomes than those that paused at key moments to make sure they were on the right track. Whats more, the firms that “slowed down to speed up ”improved their top and botto
333、m lines, averaging 40% higher sales and 52% higher operating incomes over a threeyear period.How did they disobey the_laws_of_business_physics,_taking more time than competitors yet performing better? They thought differently about what “slower ” and “faster” mean. Firms sometimes fail to understand
334、 the difference between operational speed (moving quickly )and strategic speed (reducing the time it takes to deliver value ). Simply increasing the speed of production, for example, may be one way to try to reduce the speed difference. But that often leads to reduced value over time, in the form of
335、 lowerquality products and services.In our study, higherperforming companies with strategic speed always made changes when necessary. They became more open to ideas and discussion. They encouraged new ways of thinking. And they allowed time to look back and learn. By contrast (相比而言), performance suf
336、fered at firms that moved fast all the time, paid too much attention to improving efficiency, Stuck to tested methods, didnt develop team spirit among their employees, and had little time thinking about changes.Strategic speed serves as a kind of leadership. Teams that regularly take time to get thi
337、ngs right, rather than plough ahead full bore, are more successful in meeting their business goals. That kind of strategy must come from the top.提速，似乎是历来公司老总们所追求的，增加效益更是他们的最终目标。而人们对于速度的不同理解和方法的不同，确实适得其反。17What does the underlined part “gain an edge” in Paragraph 2 mean ?AIncrease the speed.BGet an a
338、dvantage.CReach the limit.DSet a goal.答案：B。理解判断题。在文章的第一段中就提到了许多公司提速的目的就是利益问题，信息词“fearful of losing their competitive advantage”可以表明划线部分的意义同选项B。18The underlined part “the laws of business physics” in Paragraph 3 means _.Aspending more time and performing worseBspending more time and performing better
339、Cspending less time and performing worse Dspending less time and performing better答案：D。归纳概况题。既然公司追求的是提速，自然意味着：take less time ；而最终的效益还得需要performing better，故两者结合，才是公司一直在梦寐以求的最佳目标。故选D。19. What can we learn from the text?AHow fast a firm moves depends on how big it is.BHow competitive a firm is depends
340、on what it produces.CFirms guided by strategic speed take time to make necessary changes.DFirms guided by operational speed take time to develop necessary team spirit.答案：C。细节判断题。倒数第二段的第一句里含有本题的信息，即同选项C的说法是一致的。20Which could be the best title for the text?AImprove quality? Serve better.BDeliver value?
341、 Plough ahead.CReduce time? Move faster.DNeed speed? Slow down.答案：D。主旨大意题。文章的开头就已经点明了本文的主题方向，即：公司想方设法提高工作速度；而文中通过分析比较不同公司的不同的做法和他们对于速度不同的理解，如果没有好的决策，适得其反，故选项D是最佳答案。(八)A(2011四川卷，A)Its 5：00 in the morning when the alarm (闹钟) rings in my ears. I roll out of bed and walk blindly through the dark into th
342、e bathroom. I turn on the light and put on my glasses. The house is still as I walk downstairs while my husband and three kids sleep peacefully. Usually I go for a long run, but today I choose my favorite exercise DVD, Insanity. Sweat pours down my face and into my eyes. My heart races as I force my
343、 body to finish each movement. As I near the end of the exercise, I feel extremely tired, but a smile is on my face. Its not a smile because the DVD is over, but a smile of success from pushing my body to its extreme limit.Some people enjoy shopping, smoking, food, work, or even chocolate. But I nee
344、d exercise to get through each day. Some shake heads when they see me run through the town. Others get hurt when I refuse to try just one bite of their grandmothers chocolate cake. They raise their eyebrows, surprised by my “no thank you，” or by my choice to have a salad. Over the years, I have lear
345、ned its okay to just say “no”. I shouldnt feel sorry for refusing food that I dont want to eat.So what drives me to roll out of bed at 5：00 am.？What gives me the reason to just say no to ice cream? Commitment. A commitment to change my life with a way that reduces daily anxiety, increases selfconfid
346、ence and energy，extends life and above all improves my body shape.This is the point where a smile appears on my face as I look at myself in the mirror or try on my favorite pair of jeans that now fit just right.Its through commitment and sweat that I can make a difference within myself inside and ou
347、t.一个每天按时起床锻炼身体的女人，一个有着自己个性与喜好的女人，为了保持自己的体型，降低压力，提高自信，坚持着这种日复一日的锻炼，让自己每天都挂着笑容面对生活。1Why is there a smile on the authors face in the morning?ABecause she sees her family sleeping peacefully.BBecause she finishes her favorite exercise.CBecause she enjoys the interesting DVD.DBecause she feels a sense of
348、 achievement.答案：D。细节判断题。根据第一个段落的最后一句话， 先排除C的说法；在本句中“a smile of success of pushing”可以断定其实是一种成就感令她脸上挂着笑容。最大的干扰项可能会是B，但如果细读，会找到关键词“success”。2Which of the following is TRUE according to Paragraph 2?AShe doesnt treat others politely.BShe likes to make others surprised.COthers dont understand what she dos
349、e.DOthers try to help her by offering her food.答案：C。细节判断题。从本段的情节来看，选项A，D都相差甚远；而“I need exercise to get through each day”正是表明了作者的喜好，而不是像选项B说的喜欢出奇，故排除B。从“raised their eyebrows, surprised by.”来看，其实别人是感到奇怪而已。3What does the underlined word “commitment” in the last paragraph mean?AGood health. BFirm belie
350、f.CA strong power. DA regular habit.答案：B。词意理解题。从全文的语境信息来看，这么多年，这么坚持，这么享受，而且从“sweat”一词身上也能找到提示，即：坚定的信念与汗水，故选项B最符合语境。4What can we learn about the author from the text?AShe acts in a strange way.BShe wants to look different from others.CShe aims to develop a good body shape.DShe has difficulty getting
351、along with others.答案：C。理解判断题。文章的最后一段中有一句话“above all improves my body shape”，从这句话中可以确定选项C的说法是正确的。B(2011重庆卷，C)Getting rid of dirt, in the opinion of most people, is a good thing. However, there is nothing fixed about attitudes to dirt.In the early 16th century, people thought that dirt on the skin was
352、 a means to block out disease, as medical opinion had it that washing off dirt with hot water could open up the skin and let ills in. A particular danger was thought to lie in public baths. By 1538, the French king had closed the bath houses in his kingdom. So did the king of England in 1546. Thus b
353、egan a long time when the rich and the poor in Europe lived with dirt in a friendly way. Henry IV, King of France, was famously dirty. Upon learning that a nobleman had taken a bath, the king ordered that, to avoid the attack of disease, the nobleman should not go out.Though the belief in the merit
354、of dirt was longlived, dirt has no longer been regarded as a nice neighbor ever since the 18th century. Scientifically speaking, cleaning away dirt is good to health. Clean water supply and hand washing are practical means of preventing disease. Yet, it seems that standards of cleanliness have moved
355、 beyond science since World War .Advertisements repeatedly sell the idea; clothes need to be whiter than white, cloths ever softer, surfaces to shine. Has the hate for dirt, however, gone too far?Attitudes to dirt still differ hugely nowadays.Many firsttime parents nervously try to warn their childr
356、en off touching dirt, which might be responsible for the spread of disease.On the contrary，Mary Ruebush，an American immunologist(免疫学家)，encourages children to play in the dirt to build up a strong immune system.And the latter position is gaining some ground.本文介绍了人们对灰尘的不同态度和看法。16世纪早期，人们认为灰尘能阻挡疾病。人们不能洗
357、澡。18世纪时人们认为洗掉灰尘对身体有好处，能阻止疾病。而现在，人们对灰尘有不同看法，有人认为不能碰灰尘，而有人认为灰尘能增强免疫力。5The kings of France and England in the 16th century closed bath houses because _.Athey lived healthily in a dirty environmentBthey thought bath houses were too dirty to stay inCthey believed disease could be spread in public bathsDt
358、hey considered bathing as the cause of skin disease答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二、三句话可知。人们认为公共浴池是特别危险的，法国和英国的国王都关闭了他们的浴池，由此可知C项正确。6Which of the following best describes Henry IVs attitude to bathing?AAfraid. BCurious.CApproving. DUninterested.答案：A。推理判断题。根据短文第二段最后两句话可知，享利四世以脏出名，当他得知有人洗澡，为了避免疾病侵袭，他下令不准这人出门。由此可知
359、享利四世对于洗澡是相当害怕的。7. How does the passage mainly develop?A. By providing examples.B. By making comparisons.C. By following the order of time.D. By following the order of importance.答案：C。细节理解题，本文是以时间为线索进行写作的。先写16世纪人们对灰尘的态度，然后是17世纪，最后写到今天人们的态度。8What is the authors purpose in writing the passage?A. To str
360、ess the role of dirt.B. To introduce the history of dirt.C. To call attention to the danger of dirt.D. To present the change of views on dirt.答案：D。细节理解题。整篇文章作者陈述了三个不同的时间，人们对待灰尘的看法，由此向我们展示了人们对灰尘观点的改变。C(2011湖北卷，D)Feeling blue about the world ? “Cheer up，” says science writer Matt Ridley.“The world has
361、 never been a better place to live in，and it will keep on getting better both for humans and for nature.”Ridley calls himself a rational optimistrational，because hes carefully weighed the evidence optimistic，because that evidence shows human progress to be both unavoidable and good. And this is what
362、 hes set out to prove from a unique point of view in his most recent book The Rational Optimist. He views mankind as a grand enterprise that，on the whole，has done little but progress for 100, 000 years.He backs his findings with hard facts gathered through years of research.Heres how he explains his
363、 views.1)Shopping fuels inventionIt is reported that there are more than ten billion different products for sale in London alone.Even allowing for the many people who still live in poverty，our own generation has access to more nutritious food，more convenient transport，bigger houses，better cars，and o
364、f course，more pounds and dollars than any who lived before us .This will continue as long as we use these things to make other things.The more we specialize and exchange，the better off well be.2) Brilliant advancesOne reason we are richer，healthier，taller，cleverer，longerlived and freer than ever bef
365、ore is that the four most basic human needsfood，clothing，fuel and shelterhave grown a lot cheaper.Take one example.In 1800 a candle providing one hours light cost six hours work.In the 1880s the same light from an oil lamp took 15 minutes work to pay for.In 1950 it was eight seconds.Today its half s
366、econd.3) Lets not kill ourselves for climate changeMitigating(减轻) climate change could prove just as damaging to human welfare as climate change itself.A child that dies from indoor smoke in a village，where the use of fassilfuel(化石燃料) electricity is forbidden by wellmeaning members of green politica
367、l movements trying to save the world，is just as great a tragedy as a child that dies in a flood caused by climate change.If climaic change proves to be mild，but cutting carbon causes real pain，we may well find that we have stopped a nosebleed by putting a tourniquet(止血带) around our necks.人类的进步是无法阻挡的
368、，是令人乐观。在理性的乐观主义者一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。9What is the theme of Ridleys most recent book?AWeakness of human nature.BConcern about climate change.CImportance of practical thinking.DOptimism about human progress.答案：D。理解判断题。从第二段的前两句话中，反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“because th
369、at evidence shows.”；另外，“this is what hes set out to prove.”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项D的说法是一致的，即：人类的进步总是不可避免的。10How does Ridley look at shopping?AIt encourages the creation of things.BIt results in shortage of goods.CIt demands more fossil fuels.DIt causes a poverty problem.答案：A。细节判断题。从“Shopp
370、ing fuels invention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点：购物能够激发创造发明。选项A与之相吻合。11The candle and lamp example is used to show that _.Aoil lamps give off more light than candlesBshortening working time brings about a happier lifeCadvanced technology helps to produce better candlesDincreased production rate leads to lower c
371、ost of goods答案：D。细节判断题。根据Brilliant advances 一段中的“Take one example”一句很明显的确定为：作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项D的说法是一致的。12What does the last sentence of the passage imply?ACutting carbon is necessary in spite of the huge cost.BOverreaction to climate change may be dangerous.CPeoples health is closely re
372、lated to climate change.DCareless medical treatment may cause great pain.答案：B。推理判断题。根据最后一句话中的“cutting carbon causes real pain”可以排除选项A与C的说法，因为它们大相径庭；而根据“putting. around our necks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。故只有选项B是最正确的。D(2011全国卷，D)The way we do things round here Some years ago，I was hired by a
373、n American bank. I received a letter from the head of the Personnel Department that started，“Dear John，I am quite pleased that you have decided to join us.” That “quite” saddened me. I thought he was saying “were kind of pleased you decided to join us although I wish we had hired someone else.”Then
374、I discovered that in American English “quite” sometimes means “very”， while in British English it means “fairly”So the first lesson about working in other countries is to learn the language and by that I dont just mean the words people speak. It is body language，dress，manners, ideas and so on. The w
375、ay people do things highlights many of the differences we see between cultures (文化)Some of these differences may be only on the surfacedress，food and hours of workwhile others may be deeper and take longer to deal with. Mostly, it is just a question of getting used to the differences and accepting t
376、hem, like the climate (气候)，while getting on with business. Some of the differences may be an improvement. People are more polite；the service is better；you ask for something to be done and it happens without having to ask again. However，other differences can be troubling, like punctuality (准时). If yo
377、u invite people to a party at 7 oclock your guests will consider it polite to turn up exactly on time in Germany, five minutes early in the American Midwest，an hour early in Japan, 15 minutes afterwards in the UK, up to an hour afterwards in Italy and some time in the evening in Greece. I prefer not
378、 to use the word “late” because there is nothing wrong with the times people arrive. It is simply the accepted thing to do in their own country.本文介绍了作者所感受到的文化差异。13. The author was unhappy as mentioned in Paragraph 1 because he thought _.A. the American bank didnt think much of himB. the American ban
379、k might hire another personC. its difficult to get used to American cultureD. its easy to misunderstand Americans答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段中“That “quite” saddened me”可以推断出作者认为这家美国银行不重视他。14The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. encourages B. helps to narrowC. increases D. draws atte
380、ntion to答案：D。词义猜测题。由下文可知人们做事情的方式引起了作者对文化差异的关注。15According to the author，what should we do with most cultural differences?A. Ask the native people for help.B. Understand and accept them.C. Do things in our own way.D. Do indepth research.答案：B。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句可知我们要习惯文化差异并接受存在的文化差异。16When invited to a par
381、ty the people who are usually punctual are_. A. Italians B. Germans C. Greeks D. the British答案：B。细节理解题。由最后一段“If you invite people.on time in Germany.”可知B项正确。E(2011北京卷，D)As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries, a new electrical generating (发电) and transmission
382、 (输送) system for the 21st century will leave a lasting mark on the West, for better or worse. Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in their direct physical effect on the scenery, but in the ways that they affect the surrounding community. The same is true of big solar plant
383、s and the power lines that will be laid down to move electricity around.The 19th century saw land grants (政府拨地) offered to railroad companies to build the transcontinental railroads, leaving public land in between privately owned land. In much of the west, some of the railroad sections were develope
384、d while others remained undeveloped, and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management. With the completion of the interstate highway system, many of the small towns which sprang up as railway stops and developed well, have lost their lifeblood and died.Big solar
385、 plants and their power lines will also have effects far beyond their direct footprint in the West. This is not an argument against building them. We need alternative energy badly, and to really take advantage of it we need to be able to move electricity around far more readily than we can now.So tr
386、adeoffs will have to be made. Some scenic sports will be sacrificed. Some species (物种) will be forced to move, or will be carefully moved to special accommodations. Deals will be struck to reduce the immediate effects.The lasting effects of these tradeoffs are another matter. The 21st century develo
387、pment of the American West as an ideal place for alternative energy is going to throw off a lot of power and money in the region. There are chances for that power and money to do a lot of good. But it is just as likely that they will be spent wastefully and will leave new problems behind, just like
388、the railroads and the highways.The money set aside in negotiated tradeoffs and the institution that control it will shape the West far beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines. So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power
389、 plants in the West.本文是一篇说明文。19世纪，美国政府拨款修建铁路和公路，这既带来了好处，也带来了一些不利。现在21世纪，一种新型的电力系统会给美国带来好处还是坏处，这是值得考虑的一个问题。在建这种新型的电力系统时，我们要记住铁路和公路的影响。17What was the problem caused by the construction of the railways?A. Small towns along the railways became abandoned.B. Some railroad stops remained underused.C. Land
390、in the West was hard to manage.D. Land grants went into private hands.答案：C。细节理解题。根据第二段的“.and in both cases the landownership has presented unique challenges to land management.”可知，建铁路导致的问题是“土地所有权给土地管理带来了挑战”。A项是修建公路的影响；B项说一些铁路站一直未被充分利用，是错误的；D项原文未说。18What is the major concern in the development of alt
391、ernative energy according to the last two paragraphs?A. The transmission of power. B. The use of money and power.C. The conservation of solar energy. D. The selection of an ideal place. 答案：B。推理判断题。细读最后两段可知，对于可替代能源的发展主要的担忧是钱和力，钱和力可能带来一些好处，有可能被浪费掉，并且带来一些其他的问题。19What is the authors attitude towards bui
392、lding solar plants?A. Cautious. B. Approving. C. Doubtful. D. Disapproving.答案：A。推理判断题。根据全文以及文章的最后一句话“So lets remember the effects of the railroads and the highroads as we construct these new power plants in the West.”可知，对正在建立新的电力系统是比较谨慎的。20Which is the best title for the passage?A. How the Railways
393、Have Affected the WestB. How Solar Energy Could Reshape the WestC. How the Effects of Power Plants Can Be ReducedD. How the Problems of the Highways Have Been Settled答案：B。主旨大意题。文章借助于铁路和公路对美国的影响，要说明的是太阳能这种新的电力系统对美国西部地区会有什么的影响。(九)A(2011江西卷，A)“Mum，what does it mean when someone tells you that they have
394、 a skeleton(骨骼) in the closet(衣橱)？” Jessica asked. “A skeleton in the closet？” her mother paused thoughtfully, “Well, its something that you would rather not have anyone else know about. For example, if in the past, someone in Dads family had been arrested for stealing a horse, it would be a skeleto
395、n in his familys closet. He really wouldnt want any neighbor to konw about it.”“Why pick on my family？” Jessicas father said with anger. “Your family history isnt so good, you know. Wasnt your greatgreatgrandfather a prisoner who was transported to Australia for his crimes？” “Yes, but people these d
396、ays say that you are not a real Australian unless your ancestors arrived as prisoners.” “Gosh, sorry I asked. I think I understand now，” Jessica cut in before things grew worse.After dinner, the house was very quiet. Jessicas parents were still quite angry with each other. Her mother was ironing clo
397、thes and every now and then she glared at her husband, who hid behind his newspaper pretending to read. When she finished, she gathered the freshly pressed clothes in her arms and walked to Jessicas closet. Just as she opened the door and reached in to hang a skirt, a bony arm stuck out from the dar
398、k depths and a bundle of white bones fell to the floor. Jessicas mother sank into a faint(晕倒), waking only when Jessica put a cold, wet cloth on her forehead. She looked up to see the worried faces of her husband and daughter.“What happened? Where am I？” she asked. “You just destroyed the schools sk
399、eleton, Mum，” explained Jessica. “I brought it home to help me with my health project. I meant to tell you, but it seemed that as soon as I mentioned skeletons and closets, it caused a problem between you and Dad.” Jessica looked in amazement as her parents began to laugh madly. “Theyre both crazy，”
400、 she thought.本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了一个幽默故事。杰西卡问妈妈“衣橱里放骨骼”是什么意思，妈妈解释说那是不为人知的秘密，并以杰西卡爸爸的祖先做例子，引起了杰西卡爸爸的恼火。饭后，杰西卡爸爸依然生气，杰西卡妈妈熨完衣服后把衣服放到衣橱里，结果发现了衣橱里的骨骼而吓昏过去。原来杰西卡为了完成学校的健康计划，把骨骼带回了家并放在了衣橱里。1According to Jessicas mother, “a skeleton in the closet” means _.Aa family honor Ba family secretCa family story Da family tr
401、easure答案：B。细节理解题。由第一段的“its something that you would rather not have anyone else know about”可知，B项正确。2What can we learn about some Australians ancestors from Paragraph 2?AThey were brought to Australia as prisoners.BThey were the earliest people living in Australia.CThey were involved in some crimes i
402、n Australia.DThey were not regarded as criminals in their days.答案：A。推理判断题。根据第二段的“but people these days say that you are not a real Australian unless your ancestors arrived as prisoners”可推断A项正确，即一些澳大利亚人的祖先是被作为犯人带到澳大利亚。3Jessicas mother fell down into a faint because she was _.Aknocked BfrightenedCinju
403、red Dsurprised答案：B。推理判断题。杰西卡的妈妈是看到了衣橱里的骨骼而晕倒的，我们推断应该是吓倒的。4Why did Jessica bring a skeleton home?AShe was curious about it.BShe planned to keep it for fun.CShe needed it for her school task.DShe intended to scare her parents.答案：C。细节理解题。由最后一段的“You just destroyed the schools skeleton.I brought it home
404、to help me with my health project”可知答案C正确。5Jessicas parents laughed madly at the end of the story probably because _.Athey were crazyBthey were overexcitedCthey realized their misunderstandingDthey both thought they had won the quarrel答案：C。推理判断题。通读全文可知，杰西卡的父母误解了杰西卡的意思。B(2011广东卷，B)Can dogs and cats l
405、ive in perfect harmony in the same home? People who are thinking about adopting a dog as a friend for their cats are worried that they will fight. A recent research has found a new recipe of success. According to the study, if the cat is adopted before the dog, and if they are introduced when still
406、young (less than 6 months for cats, a year for dogs), it is highly probable that the two pets will get along swimmingly. Twothirds of the homes interviewed reported a positive relationship between their cat and dog. However, it wasnt all sweetness and light. There was a reported coldness between the
407、 cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite. For example, when a cat turns its head away it signals aggression, while a dog doing the same signals submission.In h
408、omes with cats and dogs living peacefully, researchers observed a surprising behaviour. They are learning how to talk each others language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk “dog” ，and dogs can learn how to talk “cat”Whats interesting is that both cats and dogs have appeared to develo
409、p their intelligence. They can learn to read each others body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected. Once familiar with each others presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together, greet each other nose to nose, and enjoy sleeping together
410、on the sofa. They can easily share the same water bowl and in some cases groom (梳理) each other.The significance of this research on cats and dogs may go beyond petsto people who dont get along, including neighbors, colleagues at work, and even world superpowers. If cats and dogs can learn to get alo
411、ng, surely people have a good chance.有人一直担心如果在家里同时养猫和狗，它们会相处得不好。可是研究发现猫和狗是可以和谐相处的。既然猫狗都能和谐相处，人和人以及世界大国之间就更容易做到这一点了。6The underlined word “swimmingly” in Paragraph 1 is closest in meaning to _.A. early B. sweetlyC. quickly D. smoothly答案：B。词义猜测题。文章第一段第一句话“Can dogs and cats live in perfect harmony in th
412、e same home？”意为“猫和狗在一个家里能和谐相处吗？”有人担心它们会打架，但是研究发现，如果猫被领养在先，而且它们都在很小的时候就认识的话，它们很可能会相处得很和谐。sweetly“甜美地”；smoothly“顺利地”。所以swimmingly在此意为sweetly。另外第二段第一句话：“However, it wasnt all sweetness and light.”中也有暗示。7Some cats and dogs may fight when_.A. they are cold to each otherB. they look away from each otherC.
413、 they misunderstand each others signalsD. they are introduced at an early age答案：C。细节理解题。根据第二段第二、三句话“There was a reported coldness between the cat and dog in 25% of the homes, while aggression and fighting were observed in 10% of the homes. One reason for this is probably that some of their body sign
414、als were just opposite.”可知因为猫狗的有些身体信号正好相反，所以才打架或对彼此冷漠。8What is found surprising about cats and dogs?A. They eat and sleep together.B. They observe each others behaviours.C. They learn to speak each others language.D. They know something from each others voices.答案：C。细节理解题。由第三段中的“They are learning how
415、 to talk each others language. It is a surprise that cats can learn how to talk dog，and dogs can learn how to talk cat”可知答案。9It is suggested in Paragraph 4 that cats and dogs _.A. have common interestsB. are less different than was thoughtC. have a common body languageD. are less intelligent than wa
416、s expected答案：B。推理判断题。第四段中的“They can learn how to read each others body signals, suggesting that the two may have more in common than we previously suspected.”意为：它们能够学会如何去理解彼此的身体语言，这表明猫狗有比我们以前所认为的更多的相同之处。也就是说，猫狗的不同之处比我们原来认为的要少。所以选B。10What can we human beings learn from cats and dogs?A. We should lear
417、n to live in harmony.B. We should know more about animals.C. We should live in peace with animals.D. We should learn more body languages.答案：A。推理判断题。从最后一段可以推知答案。C(2011浙江卷，C)In the more and more competitive service industry, it is no longer enough to promise customer satisfaction. Today, customer “del
418、ight” is what commpaines are trying to achieve in order to keep and increase market share.It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business by telling up to 12 other people; those treated badly will tell the
419、ir tales of woe to up to 20 people. Interestingly, 80 percent of people who feel their complaints are handled fairly will stay loyal.New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services through telephone calls centers and the Internet.For example，many companies now ha
420、ve to invest (投资)a lot of money in information technology and staff training in order to cope with the “phone_rage”caused by delays in answering call，being cut off in midconversation or left waiting for long periods.“Many people do not like talking to machines，”says Dr，Storey，Senior lecturer in Mark
421、eting at City University Business School.“Banks ，for example，encourage staff at call centers to use customer data to establish instant and good relationship with them. The aim is to make the customer feel they know you and that you can trust themthe sort of comfortable feelings people have during fa
422、cetoface chats with their local branch manager.”Recommended ways of creating customer delight include：underpromising and overdelivering (saying that a repair will be carried out within five hours，but getting it done within two) replacing a faulty product immediately；throwing in a gift voucher (购物礼券)
423、as an unexpected “thank you” to regular customers; and always returning calls, even when they are complaints.Aiming for customer delight is all very well，but if services do not reach the high level promised，disappointment or worse will be the result.This can be eased by offering an apology and an ex
424、planation of why the service did not meet usual standards with empathy (for example，“I know how you must feel”)，and possible solutions (replacement，compensation or whatever fairness suggests best meets the case)Airlines face some of the toughest challenges over customer care. Fierce competition has
425、convinced them that delighting passengers is an important marketing tool，while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather, unclaimed luggage and technical problems.For British Airways staff，a winning telephone style is considered vital in handling the large volume of c
426、alls about bookings and flight times.They are trained to answer quickly, with their name，job title and a “we are here to help”attitude.The company has invested heavily in information technology to make sure that information is available instantly on screen.British Airways also says its customer care
427、 policies are applied within the company and staff are taught to regard each other as customers requiring the highest standards of service.Customer care is obviously here to stay and it would be a foolish company that used slogans such as “we do as we please”On the other hand，the more customers are
428、promised，the greater the risk of disappointment.本文阐述了顾客的满意度对企业发展的重要作用。11We can learn from Paragraph 2 that _.Acomplaining customers are hard to satisfyBunsatisfied customers receive better serviceCsatisfied customers catch more attentionDwelltreated customers promote business答案：D。推理判断题。A抱怨中的顾客难以令其满意
429、；B不满意的顾客得到更好的服务；C满意的顾客得到更多的注意；D良好的对待顾客促进企业的发展。根据信息句“It is accepted in the marketing industry, and confirmed by a number of researches, that customers receiving good service will promote business”可以看出D项正确。12The writer mentions“phone rage”(Paragraph 3)to show that_.Acustomers often use phones to expre
430、ss their anger Bpeople still prefer to buy goods onlineCcustomer care becomes more demandingDcustomers rely on their phones to obtain services答案：C。细节理解题。A顾客常常用电话表达自己的愤怒；B人们依然偏爱网上购物；C客户关注更加成为人们的关注；D顾客靠电话得到服务。根据本段首句“New challenges for customer care have come when people can obtain goods and services t
431、hrough telephone call centers and the Internet”可知C项正确。13What does the writer recommend to create customer delight?ACalling customers regularly.BGiving a “thank you” note.CDelivering a quicker service.DPromising more gifts.答案：C。细节理解题。A定期给顾客打电话；B给“感谢”便条；C给予快捷服务；D许诺更多的礼物。根据文中信息“saying that a repair wil
432、l be carried out within five hours ，but getting it done within two”和“replacing a faulty product immediately”可知C项正确，其他三项曲解了文意。14If a manager should show his empathy (Paragraph 6)，what would he probably say?A“I know how upset you must be.”B“I appreciate your understanding.”C“Im sorry for the delay.”D“
433、I know its our fault.”答案：A。词义猜测题。A我知道你准是很难过；B我很感激你的理解；C很抱歉，耽误您了；D我知道，这是我们的错。根据其后信息句“for example，I know how you must feel”可知A项正确。15Customer delight is important for airlines because _.Atheir telephone style remains unchangedBthey are more likely to meet with complaints Cthe services cost them a lot o
434、f moneyDthe policies can be applied to their staff答案：B。推理判断题。A他们的电话样式没变；B他们很有可能遇到投诉；C这些服务花费了他们很多钱；D这些政策可以应用到职员身上。根据文中信息“.delighting passengers is an important marketing tool, while there is great potential for customer anger over delays caused by weather ，unclaimed luggage and technical problems”推理可
435、知，航空公司很有可能因为恶劣天气、行李主人不明以及技术等问题导致耽误顾客，以及被投诉，此时使顾客满意是很重要的市场手段。16Which of the following is conveyed in this article?AFacetoface service creates comfortable feelings among customers.BCompanies that promise more will naturally attract more customers.CA company should promise less but do more in a competi
436、tive market.DCustomer delight is more important for airlines than for banks.答案：C。事实理解题。A面对面的服务创造顾客中舒适的感觉；B承诺更多的公司自然吸引更多的顾客；C在激烈的市场竞争中，公司应该少承诺，多做实事；D顾客满意度对于航空公司来说比银行更重要。通读全文不难排除A、B、D三项，根据最后一段可知C项正确。D(2011全国卷，E)“I didnt hear them call my name，” explained Shelley Hennig to Active Teens (AT) as she talk
437、ed about that exciting moment on national television when she won the honor of Miss Teen USA 2004. “Are you ready？”is what she heard.Then she said，“I shook my head no，and then they said yesand it was announced again.”It was four days after that life changing moment for the seventeenyearold high scho
438、ol student from Destrehan, Louisianashe was still on_cloud_nine.“I was so shocked! I never believed that it could actually really happen. ”Present in the audience (观众) that day were: her mother and father, older brother, her friends, and her dance teacher.Understanding why members of her family and
439、her friends would be there，AT asked why her dance teacher had traveled so far to see her compete (比赛). “Shes always been my role model. Ive danced with her since I was six. Shes been through so many difficulties and came through them all. Ive learned to get over bad lifes experiences and learned how
440、 to move on because of her.”One of those bad lifes experiences for Shelley happened three years ago when her brother Brad was killed in a drunk driving accident. He was 18. She found writing helped her get through the rough days. She said, “I write a lot about my brother. I write a lot, a lot，a lot.
441、” As Miss Louisiana Teen, she traveled around the state speaking to teens (青少年) about the dangers of drinking and driving. In her role as Miss Teen USA, Shelley will continue to speak to youth about safe driving，in addition to many other things to help the youth.When AT asked Miss Teen USA if she ha
442、d any advice for our readers, she said, “Dont let anyone change you. Hang out with people that make you feel good about yourself. That way，it is easy to be yourself.”人生要经历许多苦难，但不管怎样都要勇敢面对，不能让任何人改变你自己。17. What do the underlined words “on cloud nine” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. Frightened B. Troub
443、ledC. Very happy D. Very angry答案：C。词义猜测题。由第一段中“.as she talked about that exciting moment.”可知C项正确。18Shelley takes her dance teacher as a role model mainly because she is _.A. determined B. friendlyC. strict D. experienced答案：A。细节理解题。由第四段“Shes been through so many difficulties and came through them all
444、”可知答案为A项。19How many children did the Hennigs have according to the text?A. 1. B. 2. C. 3. D. 4.答案：C。细节理解题。第三段中提到“older brother”，第五段中提到“her brother Brad”以及Shelley Hennig，由此可知the Hennigs共有三个孩子。20What did Shelley often do after she became Miss Louisiana Teen?A. She visited drunken drivers.B. She gave d
445、ance performances.C. She made speeches on safe driving.D. She helped other teens with their studies.答案：C。细节理解题。由倒数第二段中“.she traveled around the state speaking to teens (青少年) about the dangers of drinking and driving.”可知正确答案为C。21What suggestion does Shelley give to the teens?A. Be yourself with the s
446、upport of friends.B. Meet friends whenever possible.C. Go easy on yourself and others.D. Have a good role model.答案：A。细节理解题。由最后一段Shelley所说的话可知她对青少年的建议是A项。(十)A(2011湖北卷，A)Honesty，my mum always used to tell me，is the best policy.Of course，this didnt include her when she told me that if I didnt eat all m
447、y vegetables Father Christmas would find out and wouldnt give me any presents.But when it comes to medicine，I had assumed it was important to always be honest with my patients.After all，the doctorpatient relationship is based on trust，and therefore honesty is essential. Or so I thought.I had just st
448、arted working in geriatrics (老年病科)Mr.McMahon was brought in when his belly was found very swollen.I took a medical history from his daughter whod accompanied him in the ambulance.Shed been his main carer for years.I stood looking at him as she gave a detailed history.“Has he lost any weight recently
449、？” I asked，“Well，its funny you should mention that，but yes，” she said slowly.There was silence for a few moments.“Why? What are you worried about？” she asked，I hesitated.She was obviously very involved in his care and it was only fair that I told her the truth.“Well，we need to prove its not cancer.”
450、 I said and talked briefly about some of the tests I was going to order.Half an hour later，a nurse called me: “Mr.McMahons daughter broke downshe said you told her he had cancer.” My heart sank.By the time I arrived at the ward，my consultant was already there，explaining that we still had to run lots
451、 of tests and that it was by no means confirmed that he had cancer.I stood silently at the end of the bed.My consultant was obviously angry with me and as we left Mr.McMahon，she turned to me.“Why on earth did you do that？” she asked in disbelief.I looked at her and bit my lip.“She asked me what I wa
452、s worried about and I told her.” I said，hanging_my_head.“And give her more to worry about？” replied my consultant.“You dont say the word cancer until its confirmed.Even if you suspect it，think very carefully before you tell people.”As it turned out，it wasnt cancer.But I did learn that when someone i
453、s stressed and worried about their loved one theyre sometimes selective in what they hearand as a doctor its important to be mindful of this.In being truthful，Id made the situation worse.原本在一位医生的心目中，诚实是第一位的；而且在工作中也是奉行诚实本分的处世原则。可是因为一次说了不够确切的实话，却让一位病人受到了打击，这件事让这位医生得出了一个结论：诚实有时候也会出错。1The purpose of the
454、 first two paragraphs is to show that the author _.Amisunderstood the doctorpatient relationshipBwas anxious to receive Christmas giftsCregarded honesty as the best policyDhad an unhealthy eating habit答案：C。作者意图题。从两个段落的第一句话，字里行间“the best”“important”都透露出作者对于honesty的看法。2The authors consultant was angry
455、 with him because _.Ahe told the daughter what he suspectedBhe delayed running the necessary testsChe failed to confirm the patients diseaseDhe forgot what the consultant had advised答案：A。细节判断题。第四段的开头已经表明因为我的一番话，以及本段落的最后一句话也可以读出正是因为我的不假思索，让病人受到了打击，故consultant对我不满与气愤，故选A。3The author hung his head (the
456、 underlined part in Para.4) because he was feeling _.Aguilty BhurtCdisappointed Dhelpless答案：A。细节判断题。guilty意为：罪过感，羞愧，与划线部分“耷拉了脑袋”在语境上非常符合。4What lesson has the author learnt from his experience?ALearning from parents is necessary.BJumping to a conclusion is dangerous.CTelling the truth may not always
457、be the best solution.DSelecting pleasant words may not be the perfect policy.答案：C。理解判断题。文章的最后一句话，正表明了作者的体会与结论：有时候，诚实不受欢迎。故选C。B(2011重庆卷，D)William Butler Yeats, a most famous Irish writer, was born in Dublin on June 13,1865. His childhood lacked the harmony (和睦) that was typical of a happy family. Lat
458、er, Yeats shocked his family by saying that he remembered “little of childhood but its pain”. In fact, he inherited (继承) excellent taste in art from his familyboth his father and his brother were painters. But he finally settled on literature, particularly drama (戏剧) and poetry.Yeats had strong fait
459、h in the coming of new artistic movements. He set himself the fresh task in founding an Irish national theatre in the late 1890s.His early theatrical experiments，however，were not received favorably at the beginning. He didnt lose heart，and finally enjoyed success in his poetical drama.Compared with
460、his dramatic works, Yeatss poems attract much admiring notice.The subject matter includes love，nature，history，time and aging. Though Yeats generally relied on very traditional forms, he brought modern sensibility to them. As his literary life progressed, his poetry grew finer and richer, which led h
461、im to worldwide recognition.He had not enjoyed a major public life since winning the Nobel Prize in 1923.Yet，he continued writing almost to the end of his life. Had Yeats stopped writing at age 40，he would probably now be valued as a minor poet, for there is no other example in literary history of a
462、 poet who produces his greatest works between the ages of 50 and 75. After Yeatss death in 1939, WH. Auden wrote, among others, the following lines：Earth，receive an honoured guest：William Yeats is laid to rest.Let the Irish vessel (船) lieEmptied of its poetry.本文介绍了爱尔兰著名作家威廉巴特勒叶慈，他在19世纪90年代成立了爱尔兰国家剧院
463、，他以诗体戏剧及诗歌闻名，于1923年获得了诺贝尔奖。5Which of the following can describe Yeatss family?AIt filled Yeatss childhood with laughter.BIt was shocked by Yeatss choice.CIt was a typically wealthy family.DIt had an artistic atmosphere.答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文第一段倒数第二句话可知：他从家人那儿继承了很好的艺术鉴赏能力，他的父亲和哥哥都是画家，证明他是在一个有艺术氛围的家庭中长大。6Acc
464、ording to the passage，what do we know about Yeatss life?AYeats founded the first Irish theater.BYeats stuck to modern forms in his poetry.CYeats began to produce his best works from the 1910s.DYeats was not favored by the public until the 1923 Noble Prize.答案：C。细节理解题。根据短文第二段第二句话“He set himself.theatr
465、e in the late 1890s.”可知A项不对。根据第三段第三句话“Though Yeats.to them”可知，B项不对。根据第三段最后一句话可知，D项不对。由此可知C项正确。7What kind of feeling is expressed in WH.Audens lines?AEnvy. BSympathy.CEmptiness. DAdmiration.答案：D。推理判断题。envy忌妒；sympathy同情；emptiness空虚；admiration敬佩，钦佩。Auden的诗词中有honored guest，最尊敬的客人，可知Auden是敬佩叶慈的。8What is
466、the passage mainly about?A. Yeatss literary achievements.B. Yeatss historical influence.C. Yeatss artistic ambition.D. Yeatss national honor.答案：A。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述作家叶慈在文学方面所取得的成绩，他的诗体戏剧获得了很大的成功，他的诗歌赢得了广泛的认可，1923年，他获得了诺贝尔文学奖。C(2011四川卷，C)The multimillion pound new Library of Birmingham(LoB)will be the most
467、 visible sign of the way the city is accepting the digitalization(数字化)of everyday life.Set to open in 2013, the 188m LoB is already beginning to take shape next to the Birmingham Repertory Theatre, with which it will share some equipment.As digital media(媒介)is important to its_idea,_the project is a
468、lready providing chances for some of the many small new local companies working at the new technologies.Brian Gambles, the LoB project director, says it is about giving people the right tools for learning：“The aim is to mix the physical with the digital, providing 24hour services which can be used t
469、hrough many different ways. It is important to enable us to reach more people, more effectively.”The digital library will, he says, be as important as the physical one, allowing the distant use of the services, making sure that it is never closed to the public.Even before the LoB is complete, the pu
470、blic has been able to go online to visit the Virtual(虚拟的)LoB, designed by Baden, the Birmingham virtual worlds specialists. Not only have the public been able to learn about the LoB, but the virtual one has also enabled those working on the LoB to understand the building and how it will work before
471、it even opens.Two other small Birminghambased digital companies are also working on the LoB projects. Substrat, a digital design company, is developing what it calls an example of an “enlarged reality” project. It is about the use of an exciting smart phone, an important part of the LoB which is in
472、the early stages of development. And The Peoples Archice is an online library of historical figures of the city being built up by a digital content company in Cahoots, in which users will be encouraged to add to and comment on the material.Gambles says: “Technology will enable us to make the library
473、s content and services open to citizens as never before.”投资数百万英镑的伯明翰新建图书馆将会是目前很有代表性的数字化图书馆，在这样的图书馆，人们将会体验新的阅览工具，并且能够真正做图书馆的主人，即：能够参与图书内容的增补与建议。9The underlined part “its idea” in Paragraph 3 refers to the idea of _.Athe equipment Bthe projectCthe digital media Dthe physical library答案：B。词义猜测题。根据下一句话的信
474、息词“the project is already providing.”可以断定此处的代词its 指的就是the project。10While visiting the Virtual LoB, the public can _.Aget a general idea of the LoBBmeet many worldfamous expertsClearn how to put up a library buildingDunderstand how the specialists work on the project 答案：A。细节判断题。在倒数第三段中，信息句“Not only
475、have the public been able to learn about the LoB.”可以给以提示：即：公众可以很好地了解LoB的具体情况，即同选项A所说的一样。11Which of the following is TRUE of the LoB when it opens?aIt offers better learning tools.bIt reaches users in different ways.cIt provides users with smart phones.dIt allows users to enrich its material.eIt give
476、s nonstop physical and digital services.Aa，b，d Ba，c，e Cb，c，d Db，d，e 答案：A。细节判断题。 在文章的第三段中提到这样“right tools for learning”“used through many different ways ”以及倒数第二段的最后“add to and comment on the material”都表明了关于开放时的LoB的情况，即同选项A。12The text is most probably taken from _.Aa computer bookBa library guideCa pr
477、oject handbookDa newspaper report答案：D。文章出处判断题。既然是针对于公众的信息，应该是面对普通公众，即选择最大众化的媒体，即新闻报道。D(2011陕西卷，D)Ever since they were first put on the market in the early 1990s, genetically modified (GM, 转基因) foods have been increasingly developed and marketed in many countries in the world，mainly on the basis of t
478、heir promise to end the worldwide food crisis. But can GM technology solve world hunger problems? Even if it would，is it the best solution?Despite what it promises，GM technology actually has not increased the production potential(潜力)of any crop. In fact studies show that the most widely grown GM cro
479、p, GM soybeans, has suffered reduced productivity. For instance, a report that analysed nearly two decades of research on major GM food crops shows that GM engineering has failed to significantly increase US crop production.Something else, however, has been on the rise. While GM seeds are expensive,
480、 GM companies tell farmers that they will make good profits by saving money on pesticides(杀虫剂). On the contrary, US government data show that GM crops in the US have produced an overall increase in pesticide use compared to traditional crops. “The promise was that you could use less chemicals and bo
481、ost production. But neither is true，” said Bill Christison, President of the US National Family Farm Coalition.At the same time, the authors of the book World Hunger: Twelve Myths argue that there actually is more than enough food in the world and that the hunger crisis is not caused by production,
482、but by problems in food distribution and politics. These indeed deserve our efforts and money. Meanwhile, the rise in food prices results from the increased use of crops for fuel rather than food, according to a 2008 World Bank report.As a matter of fact，scientists see better ways to feed the world.
483、 Another World Bank report concluded that GM crops have little to offer to the challenges of worldwide poverty and hunger, because better ways out are available, among which “green” farming is supposed to be the first choice.主要讲转基因技术并不是解决世界饥饿问题最好的方式。13The author develops the second paragraph mainly_
484、.A. by classification B. by comparison C. by example D. by process答案：C。写作手法题中的段落行文题。根据第二段第三行的for instance(例如)可知，C项(by example通过举例)正确，排除by classification“通过分类”/by comparison“通过类比”/by process“根据事物发展流程”。14What does the underlined word “boost” in the third paragraph probably mean?A. Control. B. Evaluate
485、. C. Obtain. D. Increase.答案：D。词义猜测题。 control控制；evaluate评估，评价；obtain获得；increase增加，提高，根据前后文可知，boost在此相当于increase(增加生产量)。15GM companies promise farmers that they will benefit from_.A. practising “green” farming B. use of less chemicalsC. fair distribution of their cropsD. using more crops for fuel答案：B。
486、事实细节题。通过题干中promise和 benefit from分别定位到文章第三段第二行和第四行引号部分就可选出答案。16Which of the following best describes the attitude of the author towards GM technology?A. Optimistic. B. Defensive. C. Disapproving. D. Casual.答案：C。态度观点题。通读全文可知，本文主要讲转基因技术并不是解决世界饥饿问题最好的方式。A乐观的；B保护的；C不赞成的；D随便的，漫不经心的。显然C项是作者对于转基因技术的态度。E(201
487、1安徽卷，E)George Prochnik would like the world to_put_a_sock_in_it. He makes his case in a new book, listening for Meaning in a World of Noise. Here he explains himself (using his indoor voice)：“Weve become so accustomed to noise, theres almost a deep prejudice against the idea that silence might be be
488、neficial. If you tell someone to be quiet, you sound like an old man. But its never been more important to find continuing quiet. Silence focuses us, improves our health, and is a key to lasting peace and satisfaction.”“We need to excite people about the sounds you start to hear if you merely quiet
489、things down a little. During a Japanese tea ceremony, the smallest sounds becomes a kind of artthe spoons making a light ringing sound on a bowl, the edges of a kimono (和服)brushing against the floor.”“Deaf people are very attentive(专注的)in almost every aspect of life. If two deaf people are walking t
490、ogether, using sign language，they constantly watch out for each other and protect each other by paying steady attention to the other. They are connected yet also fully aware of their surroundings. Even deaf teenagers! We in the hearing world can learn from them. If we remove the powerful blasts(一阵阵)
491、of noise, we become aware of an extraordinarily rich world around usof little soft and the sound of footsteps, of bird songs and ice cracking(开裂声). Its astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen. ”我们生活在一个充满噪音的世界里，并且习以为常。但让我们安静下来倾听吧，我们会发现世界是更加美好的，这对我们是有益的。17. What does the phra
492、se “to put a sock in it” in Paragraph 1 probably mean?A. To be quiet.B. To be colorful.C. To be full of love.D. To be attentive to someone.答案：A。词义猜测题。由下文内容可知，George Prochnik认为人们习惯了周围噪音的存在，但却没有意识到安静的环境对人们是有益的，故画线部分点出了他的观点，即希望世界是安静的。18. What does Prochnik say about us?A. We are used to quietnesss.B. W
493、e have to put up with noise.C. We do not think silence to be beneficial.D. We do not believe lasting peace to be available.答案：C。细节理解题。由第二段第一句话可知，我们习惯了噪音的存在，因而对安静对人们有益这一说法有很深的偏见，故C项正确。19. Which of the following is TRUE according to Prochnik?A. We need more sounds in our lives.B. There is nothing to b
494、e learned from the deaf.C. We are not aware how rich the world around us is.D. There is too much noise at a Japanese tea ceremony.答案：C。细节理解题。根据最后一段内容可知，聋哑人能专注于周围的环境，这一点是我们有听力的人应该向他们学习的，因此，如果我们能摆脱周围的噪音的话，我们就会意识到周围的世界是多么的丰富多彩。20. It can be inferred from the text that _.A. we can benefit a lot from old
495、 peopleB. it is a good idea to use sign languageC. there is no escape from the world of sound D. it is possible to find how beautiful things sound答案：D。推理判断题。根据文章最后一句Its astonishing how beautiful things sound when you can really listen.可知，当我们能真正聆听大自然的各种声音的时候，我们就会发现周围的世界是美好的。(十一)A(2011浙江卷，A)One evenin
496、g in February 2007, a student named Paula Ceely brought her car to a stop on a remote road in Wales. She got out to open a metal gate that blocked her path. Thats when she heard the whistle sounded by the driver of a train. Her Rensult Clio was parked across a railway line. Seconds later, she watche
497、d the train drag her car almost a kilometre down the railway tracks.Ceelys near_miss made the news because she blamed it on her GPS device (导航仪). She had never driven the route before. It was dark and raining heavily. Ceely was relying on her GPS, but it made no mention of the crossing. “I put my co
498、mplete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of a speeding train，” she told the BBC.Who is to blame here? Rick Stevenson, who tells Ceelys story in his book When Machines Fail Us, points the finger at the limitations of technology. We put our faith in digital devices, he says, but ou
499、r digital helpers are too often not up to the job. They are filled with small problems. And its not just GPS devices: Stevenson takes us on a tour of digital disasters involving everything from mobile phones to wireless keyboards.The problem with his argument in the book is that its not clear why he
500、 only focuses on digital technology, while there may be a number of other possible causes. A mapmaker might have left the crossing off a paper map. Maybe we should blame Ceely for not paying attention. Perhaps the railway authorities are at fault for poor signalling system. Or maybe someone has stud
501、ied the relative dangers and worked out that there really is something specific wrong with the GPS equipment. But Stevenson doesnt say.Its a problem that runs through the book. In a section on cars, Stevenson gives an account of the advanced techniques that criminals use to defeat computerbased lock
502、ing systems for cars. He offers two independent sets of figures on car theft; both show a small rise in some parts of the country. He says that once again not all new locks have proved reliable. Perhaps, but maybe its also due to the shortage of policemen on the streets. Or changing social circumsta
503、nces. Or some combination of these factors.The game between humans and their smart devices is amusing and complex. It is shaped by economics and psychology and the cultures we live in. Somewhere in the mix of those forces there may be a way for a wiser use of technology.If there is such a way, it sh
504、ould involve more than just an awareness of the shortcomings of our machines. After all, we have lived with them for thousands of years. They have probably been fooling us for just as long.本文是议论文。讨论了人与现代科技的关系。1What did Paula Ceely think was the cause of her accident?AShe was not familiar with the ro
505、ad.BIt was dark and raining heavily then.CThe railway workers failed to give the signal.DHer GPS device didnt tell her about the crossing.答案：D。细节理解题。根据文中所述“Ceely was relying on her GPS. But it made no mention of the crossing.I put my complete trust in the device and it led me right into the path of
506、a speeding train，she told the BBC.”可知，Ceely行驶中完全依赖导航仪， 显然Ceely认为出事故的原因是导航仪对于十字路口没有任何提示造成的。2The phrase “near miss” (Paragraph 2) can best be replaced by _.Aclose hit Bheavy lossCnarrow espace Dbig mistake答案：C。词义猜测题。根据上下文不难看出，在此near miss与narrow escape同义，意为“侥幸逃生”。3Which of the following would Rick Stev
507、enson most probably agree with?AModern technology is what we cant live without.BDigital technology often falls short of our expectation.CDigital devices are more reliable than they used to be.DGPS error is not the only cause for Ceelys accident.答案：B。推理判断题。A现代技术是我们的生活必备；B数字技术常常出乎的我们的意料；C数字仪器比以前更可靠了；D
508、导航仪的失误不是Ceely出事故的唯一原因。根据Rick Stevenson 所说We put our faith in digital devices, he says，but our digital helpers are too often not up to the job.不难看出，Rick Stevenson认为我们信赖的数字仪器常常不能胜任它的工作，显然B项正确。4In the writers opinion，Stevensons argument is _.Aonesided BreasonableCpuzzling Dwellbased答案：A。观点态度判断题。oneside
509、d片面的；偏于一方的 ；reasonable合情合理的；puzzling令人困惑的；wellbased有事实依据的。在第四段中作者发表自己的观点，并且说But Stevenson doesnt say，显然A项正确。5What is the real concern of the writer of this article?AThe major causes of traffic accidents and car thefts.BThe relationship between humans and technology.CThe shortcomings of digital devic
510、es we use.DThe human unawareness of technical problems.答案：B。主旨大意题。A交通事故和车辆盗窃事故的主要原因；B人类和技术的关系；C我们所用数字仪器的弊端；D人类没有意识到技术问题。通读全文可以看出B项正确。B(2011江西卷，C)The garden city was largely the invention of Ebenezer Howard (18501928). After immigrating from England to the USA, and an unsuccessful attempt to make a l
511、iving as a farmer, he moved to Chicago, where he saw the reconstruction of the city after the disastrous fire of 1871. In those days, it was nicknamed “the Garden City”， almost certainly the source of Howards name for his later building plan of towns. Returning to London, Howard developed his design
512、 in the 1880s and 1890s, drawing_on ideas that were popular at the time, but creating a unique combination of designs.The nineteenthcentury poor city was in many ways a terrible place, dirty and crowded; but it offered economic and social opportunities. At the same time, the British countryside was
513、in fact equally unattractive: though it promised fresh air and nature, it suffered from agricultural depression(萧条)and it offered neither enough work and wages, nor much social life. Howards idea was to combine the best of town and country in a new kind of settlement, the garden city. Howards idea w
514、as that a group of people should set up a company, borrowing money to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside, far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land was bought at the bottom price.Garden cities would provide a central public open space, radial avenues and connecting
515、 industries. They would be surrounded by a much larger area of green belt, also owned by the company, containing not merely farms but also some industrial institutions. As more and more people moved in, the garden city would reach its planned limitHoward suggested 32,000 people; then, another would
516、be started a short distance away. Thus, over time, there would develop a vast planned house collection, extending almost limit; within it, each garden city would offer a wide range of jobs and services, but each would also be connected to the others by a rapid transportation system, thus giving all
517、the economic and social opportunities of a big city.本文是一篇记叙文，记叙了Ebenezer Howard在偏僻的农村发明了花园城市。在花园城市里，有公共空间、林荫大道、各种工作和服务设施。6How did Howard get the name for his building plan of garden cities?AThrough his observation of the country life.BThrough the combination of different ideas.CBy taking other peopl
518、es advice.DBy using the nickname of the reconstructed chicago.答案：D。细节理解题。根据第一段的“In those days，it was nicknamed the Garden City，almost certainly the source of Howards name for his later building plan of towns.”可知D项正确。7The underlined phrase “drawing on” in Paragraph 1 probably means _.Amaking use of B
519、making comments on Cgiving an explanation of Dgiving a description of 答案：A。词义猜测题。此处指霍华德利用了当时很受欢迎的一些观点，创造出了设计的完美结合。make use of 利用；make comments on 对做出评论；give an explanation of 给出的解释；give a description of 给出的描述。8According to Howard, garden cities should be built _.Aas far as possible from existing cit
520、ies Bin the countryside where the land was cheapCin the countryside where agriculture was developed Dnear cities where employment opportunities already existed答案：B。细节理解题。根据第二段的最后一句“.to establish a garden city in the depressed countryside, far enough from existing cities to make sure that the land wa
521、s bought at the bottom price”可知，花园城市是建在土地便宜的农村。9What can we learn about garden cities from the last paragraph?ATheir number would continue to rise.BEach one would continue to become larger.CPeople would live and work in the same place.DEach one would contain a certain type of business.答案：A。推理判断题。根据文
522、章的最后一段可知，建好一个花园城市后在不远处再建一个，经过一段时间之后，将会有大量的花园城市群，故A项正确；花园城市有人数限制，故B项错误；建立许多花园城市，故人们不会都在一起生活和工作；每个花园城市都提供很大范围的工作和服务，故D项错误。10What could be the best title for the passage?ACity and CountrysideBThe Invention of the Garden CityCA New City in ChicagoDA Famorus Garden City in England答案：B。主旨大意题。纵观全文可知，本文讲的是花
523、园城市的发明过程，故选B项。C(2011广东卷，D) In a world with limited land, water and other natural resources (资源), the harm from the traditional business model is on the rise. Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests disappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this u
524、nhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的) ways. That means growth with low carbon or development of sustainable products. In other words, we should keep the earth healthy while using its supply of natural resources. Today, sustainable development i
525、s a popular trend in many countries. According to a recent study, the global market for lowcarbon energy will become three times bigger over the next decade. China, for example, has set its mind on leading that market, hoping to seize chances in the new round of the global energy revolution. It is n
526、ow trying hard to make full use of wind and solar energy, and is spending a huge amount of money making electric cars and highspeed trains.In addition, we are also seeing great growth in the globalmarkets for sustainable products such as palm oil (棕榈油)，which is produced without cutting down valuable
527、 rainforest.In recent years the markets for sustainable products have grown by more than 50%.Governments can fully develop the potential of these new markets. First, they can set high targets for reducing carbon emissions (排放) and targets for saving and reusing energy.Besides, stronger arrangement o
528、f public resources like forests can also help to speed up the development. Finally, governments can avoid the huge expenses that are taking us in the wrong direction, and redirecting some of those expenses can accelerate the change from traditional model to a sustainable one. The major challenge of
529、this century is to find ways to meet the needs of a growing population within the limits of this single planet. That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries. 文章讲了在过去的十年中传统的商业模式严重地危害了地球的资源和人们的生存环境。面对严峻的形势，世人开始探索可持续发展的生产方式。并且特别强调了中国在探索可持续发展能源和生产方式方面做出的卓越
530、努力。11The traditional business model is harmful because of all the following EXCEPT that _.A. it makes the world warmerB. it consumes natural resourcesC. it brings severe damage to forestsD. it makes growth hard to continue答案：B。细节理解题。根据文章第一段中“Actually, the past decade has seen more and more forests d
531、isappearing and the globe becoming increasingly warm. People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed, and that we must be able to develop in sustainable (可持续的)way.”可知在过去的几十年里森林在消失，地球变暖，自然资源变得短缺，难以继续发展。所以B项应该排除。12What can we infer from Paragraph 2?A. China lacks wind and solar energ
532、y.B. China is the leader of the lowcarbon market.C. Highspeed trains are a lowcarbon development.D. Palm oil is made at the cost of valuable forests.答案：C。推理判断题。由第二段内容可知，中国政府在低碳生活方面作出的一些努力，如大力开发风能和太阳能等洁净能源、推行电动汽车、高速火车等。由此可推知，高速火车应属于低碳型的交通工具。13To full develop the lowcarbon markets, government can _.A.
533、 cut public expensesB. forbid carbon emissionC. develop public resourcesD. encourage energy conservation答案：D。细节理解题。根据文章第三段的“First.Besides.Finally.”我们可知政府正在设立高的标准减少碳的排放，节约和再利用资源，进行能源保护。所以D项正确。14We can learn from the last paragraph that businesses have many chances to_.A. develop sustainable productsB
534、. explore new natural resourcesC. make full use of natural resourcesD. deal with the major challenge答案：A。细节理解题。根据最后一段的“That is no small task, but it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.”可知利用有限的资源来满足日益增长的人口的需要并不是一件易事，但它为可持续性产业(的发展)提供丰富的新的机遇。所以A项正确。15What is the main purpose
535、 of the passage?A. To introduce a new business model.B. To compare two business models.C. To predict a change of the global market.D. To advocate sustainable development.答案：D。推理判断题。根据第一段的“People now realize that this unhealthy situation must be changed ，and that we must be able to develop in sustain
536、able (可持续的) ways.”和第二段的“Today, sustainable development is a popular trend in many countries.”以及最后一段的“.it offers abundant new chances for sustainable product industries.”可知本文的目的是积极地倡导可持续性发展。所以D项正确。D(2011江苏卷，D)Shay and his father had walked past a park where some boys Shay knew were playing baseball.
537、Shay asked, “Do you think theyll let me play？” Shays father knew that most of the boys would not want someone like Shay on their team, but the father also understood that if his son, mentally and physically disabled, were allowed to play, it would give him a muchneeded sense of belonging and some co
538、nfidence.Shays father approached one of the boys on the field and asked if Shay could play, not expecting much. The boy looked around and said, “Were losing by six runs(分)and the game is in the eighth inning (局)I guess he can be on our team and well try to put him in to bat in the final inning.”Shay
539、 struggled over to the teams bench and put on a team shirt with a broad smile and his father had a small tear in his eye and warmth in his heart. The boys saw the fathers joy at his son being accepted.In the bottom of the eighth inning, Shays team scored a few runs but was still behind by three. In
540、the top of the final inning, Shay put on a glove and played in the field. Even though no hits came his way, he was obviously joyful just to be in the game and on the field. In the bottom of the final inning, Shays team scored again. Now, Shay was scheduled to be next at bat. Would they let Shay bat
541、and give away their chance to win the game?Surprisingly, Shay was given the bat. Everyone knew that a hit was almost impossible. The first pitch (投) came and Shay missed. The pitcher again took a few steps forward to throw the ball softly towards Shay. As the pitch came in, Shay swung at the ball an
542、d hit a slow ground ball right back to the pitcher.The pitcher could have easily thrown the ball to the first baseman and Shay would have been out and that would have been the end of the game.Instead, the pitcher threw the ball right over the head of the first baseman, beyond the reach of all teamma
543、tes. The audience and the players from both teams started screaming，“Shay, run to first！”Never in his life had Shay ever run that far but made it to first base, wideeyed and shocked.Everyone shouted, “Run to second！” Catching his breath, Shay awkwardly ran towards second.By the time Shay rounded tow
544、ards second base, the smallest guy on their team，who had a chance to be the hero for his team for the first time，could have thrown the ball to the second baseman, but he understood the pitchers intentions and he too intentionally threw the ball high and far over the third basemans head.All were scre
545、aming，“Shay，Shay，Shay，all the way Shay.” Shay reached third base when one opposing player ran to help him and shouted, “Shay, run to third.” As Shay rounded third, all were on their feet, crying，“Shay, run home！”Shay ran to home, stepped on the home base and was cheered as the hero who won the game
546、for his team.That day, the boys from both teams helped bring a piece of true love and humanity into this world. Shay didnt make it to another summer and died that winter, having never forgotten being the hero and making his father so happy and coming home and seeing his mother tearfully hug her litt
547、le hero of the day!这是一篇关于爱心的具有教育意义的故事。在父亲的鼓励和同伴们的帮助下，智力和身体都有缺陷的Shay参加了一场棒球比赛并成为了“英雄”。他们共同完成了一个爱的故事。16Not expecting much, Shays father still asked the boy if Shay could play, mainly because the father_.A. noticed some of the boys on the field were hesitatingB. guessed his presence would affect the bo
548、ys decisionC. learned some of the boys on the field knew Shay wellD. understood Shay did need a feeling of being accepted答案：D。细节理解题。由文章第一段信息“.it would give him a muchneeded sense of belonging and some confidence”可知D项正确。17In the bottom of the final inning Shay was given the bat because the boys_.A. b
549、elieved they were sure to win the gameB. would like to help Shay enjoy the gameC. found Shay was so eager to be a winnerD. felt forced to give Shay another chance答案：B。推理判断题。文章第五段刚开始提到，他们给了Shay 球棒。每个人都知道他不可能得分的。他们这样做的目的是想让Shay高兴，故B项正确。18The smallest boy threw the ball high and far over the third base
550、mans head, probably because that boy_.A. was obviously aware of the pitchers purposeB. looked forward to winning the game for his teamC. failed to throw the ball to the second basemanD. saw that Shay already reached second base答案：A。细节理解题。由文章最第七段信息“but he understood the pitchers intention and.”可知A项正确
551、。19Which of the following has nothing to do with Shays becoming the hero for his team?A. The pitcher did not throw the ball to the first baseman.B. The audience and the players from both teams cheered for him.C. The opposing players failed to stop his running to home.D. One of the opposing players r
552、an to help him.答案：C。细节理解题。由文章第六段第一句话可知A项正确；由本段最后两句可知B项正确；由倒数第二段第二句话可知D项正确。故本题答案为C项。20What do you think is the theme of the story?A. True human nature could be realized in the way we treat each other.B. Everyone has his own strength even if mentally or physically disabled.C. Everyone can develop his
553、team spirit in sports and please his parents.D. The results of the game should not be the only concern of the players.答案：A。主旨大意题。由文章内容特别是最后一段信息“That day，the boys from both teams helped bring a piece of true love and humanity into this world.”可知A项正确。(十二)A(2011重庆卷，A)There was a gardener who looked aft
554、er his garden with great care. To water his flowers, he used two buckers.One was a shiny and new bucket. The other was a very old and dilapidated one, which had seen many years of service, but was now past its best.Every morning, the gardener would fill up the two buckets. Then he would carry them a
555、long the path, one on each side, to the flowerbeds. The new bucket was very proud of itself. It could carry a full bucket of water without a single drop spilled (溢出). The old bucket felt very ashamed because of its holes: before it reached the flowerbeds, much water had leaked along the path.Sometim
556、es the new bucket would say，“See how capable I am ! How good it is that the gardener has me to water the flowers every day ! I dont know why he still bothers with you. What a waste of space you are！”And all that the old bucket could say was. “I know Im not very useful, but I can only do my best. Im
557、happy that the gardener still finds a little bit of use in me，at least .”One day, the gardener heard that kind or conversation .After watering the flowers as usual, he said. “You both have done your work very well. Now I am going to carry you back. I want you to look carefully along the path.”Then t
558、he two buckets did so.All along the path，they noticed，on the side where the new bucket was carried, there was just bare(光秃秃的)earth；on the other side where the old bucket was carried, there was a joyous row of wild flowers，leading all the way to the garden.本文讲述了园艺工人用两个桶挑水浇花坛的故事，新桶感到自豪，认为自己的用处大；旧桶惭愧，认
559、为自己没大有用。而实际新、旧桶都有用处，只是表现点不同，人也是这样。1What does the underlined word“dilapidated”probably mean?ADirty. BDark.CWornout. DPlainlooking.答案：C。词议猜测题。与上文的shiny and new相对的是old and dilapidated。根据下文可知旧桶已用许多年，过了它的最好时候，也就是“用坏了，旧了”，故C项正确。2What was the old bucket ashamed of?AHis past. BHis aging.CHis manner. DHis le
560、aking.答案：D。细节理解题。根据短文第二段最后一句可知：旧桶上有漏洞，而感到羞愧，因为还没来得及到花坛，就漏掉了相当多的水。3The new bucket made conversations with the old one mainly to _.Alaugh at the old oneBtake pity on the old oneCshow off its beautiful looksDpraise the gardeners kindness答案：A。细节理解题。由短文第三段可知，新桶说自己多么有用，旧桶多么的没用。从而我们可知新桶在嘲笑旧桶。4Why was the o
561、ld bucket still kept by the gardener?ABecause it was used to keep a balance.BBecause it stayed in its best condition.CBecause it was taken as a treasure.DBecause it had its own function.答案：D。推理判断题。由最后一段可知，旧桶虽然漏水，但它浇灌了路上的花花草草，它还是有用处的。B(2011新课标卷，B)While small may be beautiful, tall is just plain uncom
562、fortable it seems, particularly when it comes to staying in hotels and eating in restaurants.The Tall Persons Club Great Britain (TPCGB), which was formed six months ago to campaign for the needs of the tall, has turned its attention to hotels and restaurants. Beds that are too small, shower heads t
563、hat are too low, and restaurant tables with hardly any legroom all make life difficult for those of above average height, it says.But it is not just the extratall whose needs are not being met. The average height of the population has been increasing yet the standard size of beds, doorways, and chai
564、rs has remained unchanged.“The bedding industry says a bed should be six inches larger than the person using it, so even a kingsize bed at 66(6 feet and 6 inches) is falling short for 25% of men, while the standard 63 bed caters for less than half of the male population.” Said TPCGB president Phil H
565、einricy, “Sevenfoot beds would work fine.”Similarly, restaurant tables can cause no end of problems. Small tables, which mean the longlegged have to sit a foot or so away from them, are enough to make tall customers go elsewhere.Some have already taken note, however. At Queens Moat Houses Caledonian
566、 Hotel in Edinburgh, 66beds are now put in as standard after requests for longer beds from taller visitors, particularly Americans.本文讲述了现在人们的身高普遍增高了，饭店的桌子需要加大，旅馆的床需要加长，否则它们就会失去顾客。5What is the purpose of the TPCGB campaign?ATo provide better services.BTo rebuild hotels and restaurants.CTo draw public
567、 attention to the needs of the tall.DTo attract more people to become its members.答案：C。细节理解题。由短文第二段第一句话可知，高个人们组成了TPCGB俱乐部，为了高人而战斗，且把注意力转向了宾馆、饭店，从而引起人们的注意。6Which of the following might be a bed of proper length according to Phil Heinricy?A72. B7.C66. D63.答案：B。细节理解题。根据第四段最后一句话可知：七英尺的床应该是合适长度的床。7What m
568、ay happen to restaurants with small tables?AThey may lose some customers. BThey may start businesses elsewhere.CThey have to find easy chairs to match the tables.DThey have to provide enough space for the longlegged.答案：A。细节理解题。根据短文倒数第二段可知，如果饭店的桌子小了，高个人坐不下，这样使得顾客到别地方去了。8What change has already been m
569、ade in a hotel in Edinburgh?ATall people pay more for larger beds. B66beds have taken the place of 63beds.CSpecial rooms are kept for Americans. DGuest rooms are standardized.答案：B。细节理解题。根据短文最后一段可知，在爱丁堡的宾馆里，标准床已换成了6英尺6英寸大的床了。C(2011安徽卷，A)Passage 1The Information Highway is the road that links computer
570、 users to a large number of online services; the Web，email, and software, to mention just a few. Not long ago, the Information Highway was a new road, with not many users. Now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide. Not surprisingly, this welltrave
571、led highway is starting to look like a welltraveled highway. Traffic jams can cause many serious problems, forcing the system to close down for repair. Naturally, accidents will happen on such a crowded road, and usually victims are some files, gone forever. Then, of course, theres Mr. Cool, with hi
572、s new broadband connection, who speeds down the highway faster than most of us can go. But dont trick yourself; he pays for that speeding.Passage 2Want to know more about global warming and how you can help prevent it? Doctor Herman Friedman, who is considered a leading expert on the subject, will s
573、peak at Grayson Hall next Friday. Friedman studied environmental science at three wellknown universities around the world before becoming a professor in the subject. He has also traveled around the world observing environmental concerns. The gradual bleaching (变白) of the Great Barrier Reef, which ca
574、me into the public eye in 2002, is his latest interest. Signed copies of his colorful book, which was published just last month, will be on sale after his talk.本文共两篇独立的文章，Passage 1是关于信息高速公路的发展特点及现状；Passage 2是关于一次气候变暖问题的报告的海报。9The Information Highway _.A. is free from traffic accidentsB. is crowded w
575、ith car driversC. offers just a few online servicesD. appeals to a large number of users答案：D。细节理解题。由Passage1中的句子“Now, everyone seems to want to take a drive, with over 30 million families connected worldwide”可知。10How does Mr.Cool manage to travel the Information Highway so fast?A. By storing fewer f
576、iles.B. By repairing the system.C. By buying a better computer.D. By using a broadband connection.答案：D。细节理解题。由Passage1中“theres Mr.Cool, with his new broadband connection，.”可知。11What can be learned from Passenger 2 ?A. There will be a book show at Crayson HallB. Friedman is now studying the Great Bar
577、rier Reef.C. There will be a talk on global warming this week.D. Friedman is a leading expert on computer science.答案：B。推理判断题。在Grayson Hall举行的是一次演讲，而不是图书展(book show)，故排除A项；演讲将在下周举行，故排除C项；由Passage 2的前两句可知Friedman是有关气候变暖方面的专家，而非电脑科学方面的专家，故排除D项。12Passage 2 is most probably _.A. a poster about a lectureB
578、. an ad for a new bookC. a note to a doctor in a universityD. an introduction to a professor答案：A。推理判断题。Passage 2主要是对一次有关气候变暖的报告的时间、地点的安排及主讲人的情况进行大体介绍，同时说明以后还会有一本相关的书籍出版发行，故唯有A项(海报)是正确的。D(2011福建卷，C)Elixirwritten by Eric WaltersTwelveyearold Roth becomes a friend of Dr.Banting and his assistant，Mr.Bes
579、t，who are in search of a cure for diabetes (糖尿病)She finds herself torn between her sympathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best.Made in Canada：101 Amazing AchievementsWritten by Bev SpencerWhat things do we use daily that have a Canadian connection？Here are
580、 101 common things that were invented in Canada or by a Canadian，including the Blackberry，alkaline(碱性) batteries and the Blue Box recycling program.Newton and the Time MachineWritten by Michael Me GowanTenyearold boy Newton has invented a time machine to see dinosaurs up close.But it disappears on a
581、 test run with his two huge friends，King Herbert and Queen Certrude，in it! Can he save them before time runs out？ 本文为一篇广告，主要介绍了五本书及其简介。13Which of the following best describes Roths feeling in Book 1?APainful.BCurious.CFrightened. DDisappointed.答案：A。推理判断题。由第一部分信息“She finds herself torn between her sy
582、mpathy for the animals being experimented on and her friendship with Banting and Best”可推知Roth感觉很痛苦，故A项正确。14Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?AAnimals are mentioned in Book 1 and Book 5.BBook 3 introduces 40 inventive concepts.CAlkaline batteries were invented by Dr.Banting.DGeo
583、rge Washington Carver was a black farmer in the US.答案：A。细节理解题。Book 1中提到了the animals being experimented，Book 5中提到了dinosaurs，故A项正确。15In Book 5, King Herbert and Queen Gertrude are_.ANewtons human friendsBthe names of the time machineCtwo dinosaursDthe inventors of the time machine答案：C。细节理解题。Book 5主要讲述
584、10岁的孩子牛顿发明了一台能够密切观察恐龙的机器，但是这台机器和在机器里面的两个朋友消失。既然机器被发明来是观察恐龙的，在里面的自然是恐龙，故C项正确。16If you are interested in native Americans, you may read the book by_.AElizabeth MacleodBEric WaltersCRocky London & David MacDonaldDBev Spencer答案：C。细节理解题。由文章信息“Also see other books: The Chinese Thought of it by Tingxing Ye
585、 and A Native American Thought of It by Rocky Landon and David MacDonald”可知C项正确。E(2011安徽卷，D)Ireland has had a very difficult history. The problems started in the 16th century when English rulers tried to conquer(征服) Ireland. For hundreds of years, the Irish people fought against the English. Finally
586、, in 1921, the British government was forced to give independence to the south of Ireland. The result is that today there are two “Irelands”. Northern Ireland, in the north, is part of the United Kingdom. The Republic of Ireland, in the south, is an independent country. In the 1840s the main crop, p
587、otatoes，was affected by disease and about 750,000 people died of hunger. This, and a shortage (短缺) of work, forced many people to leave Ireland and live in the USA, the UK, Australia and Canada. As a result of these problems, the population fell from 8.2 million in 1841 to 6.6 million in 1851.For ma
588、ny years, the majority of Irish people earned their living as farmers. Today, many people still work on the land but more and more people are moving to the cities to work in factories and offices. Life in the cities is very different from life in the countryside, where things move at a quieter and s
589、lower pace.The Irish are famous for being warmhearted and friendly. Oscar Wilde, a famous Irish writer, once said that the Irish were “the greatest talkers since the Greeks”. Since independence, Ireland has revived(复兴) its own culture of music, language, literature and singing. Different areas have
590、different styles of old Irish songs which are sung without instruments. Other kinds of Irish music use many different instruments such as the violin, whistles, etc.本文简要介绍了南北爱尔兰的形成及其人口、生产生活以及文化的复兴等知识。17What does the author tell us in Paragraph 1?A. How the Irish fought against the English.B. How Irel
591、and gained independence.C. How English rulers tried to conquer Ireland.D. How two “Irelands” came into being.答案：D。主旨大意题。第一段主要介绍了在英国统治下的爱尔兰如何独立分化成南北爱尔兰的历史原因。18We learn from the text that in Ireland_.A. food shortages in the 1840s led to a decline in populationB. people are moving to the cities for la
592、ck of work in the countrysideC. it is harder to make a living as a farmer than as a factory workerD. different kinds of old Irish songs are all sung with instruments答案：A。细节理解题。由文章第二段可知。19. The last paragraph is mainly about_.A. the Irish character B. Irish culture C. Irish musical instrumentsD. a fa
593、mous Irish writer答案：B。主旨大意题。最后一段涉及到了爱尔兰人热情友好的性格，但更主要的是关于爱尔兰独立后的文化的复兴和特点。20. What can be the best title for the text?A. Life in IrelandB. A Very Difficult HistoryC. Ireland, Past and PresentD. The Independence of Ireland答案：C。主旨大意题。文章介绍了南北爱尔兰的形成、人口分布的历史变迁、城市与农村的生产生活以及爱尔兰的文化复兴等。(一)A(2011宁德质检，A)The Gold
594、en Gate Bridge, the first sight for many people arriving in the United States by ship, is a wellrecognized landmark, which spans(横跨) the Golden Gate Strait.The idea for a bridge across the strait had been around for many years, but it was not easy to get the project started. The construction of the
595、bridge finally began in 1933. The construction work set new standards for safetyworkers were among the first required to wear hard hats, and an innovative(革新的) safety net saved the lives of nineteen men while the bridge was built. The Golden Gate Bridge was completed in 1937, which was finished ahea
596、d of schedule.Joseph Strauss was the chief engineer in charge of the bridge project. However, he had little experience with the construction of suspension(悬浮)bridges. For this reason, other engineers, architects, and designers made great contributions to the design and construction of the bridge. Fo
597、r example, the bridge owes its art style and unique orange color to the architects Irving and Gertrude Morrow. Charles Alton Ellis was the main engineer on the project and did much of the technical work necessary to build the bridge.Today, the Golden Gate Bridge has a main span of 4,200 feet and a t
598、otal length of 8,981 feet, making it one of the longest bridges in the world. The bridge is 90 feet wide, and its span is 220 feet above the water. The towers supporting the huge cables (巨缆) rise 746 feet above the waters of the Golden Gate Strait, making them 191 feet taller than the Washington Mon
599、ument. About 40 million cars cross the bridge every year. There are foghorns(雾角)to let passing ships know where the bridge is, and aircraft beacons(信号灯)on the tops of the towers to stop planes from crashing into them.金门大桥已经成为美国的地标性建筑，它横跨金门海峡，是世界上最长的桥之一。它的建设是许多建筑师的智慧的结晶。1The purpose of the passage is
600、 to _.A. describe the construction work of the Golden Gate BridgeB. introduce the Golden Gate BridgeC. tell us the history of the Golden Gate BridgeD. introduce the engineers in charge of the Golden Gate Bridge 答案：B。主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，文章向我们介绍了金门大桥的一些情况。2Safety innovations during the construction of the b
601、ridge included _.A. hard hats and a safety netB. aircraft beaconsC. foghorns D. all of the above答案：A。细节理解题。由第二段第三句话“The construction work set new standards for safetyworkers were among the first required to wear hard hats, and an innovative(革新的) safety net saved the lives of nineteen men while the b
602、ridge was built.”可知。3. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. Joseph Strauss was skilled in the construction of suspension bridgesB. it took the construction workers three years to build the Golden Gate BridgeC. about 100 thousand cars cross the Golden Gate Bridge every dayD. the Golden Gate
603、Bridge is the longest bridge in the world答案：C。推理判断题。由最后一段第四句话“About 40 million cars cross the bridge every year.”可推知。4. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 4 refers to _. A. towers B. cablesC. waters D. bridges答案：A。猜测词义题。所在句意：支持巨缆的塔在金门海峡水域以上746英尺，使塔比华盛顿纪念碑还高191英尺。所以them指代前面的“the towers”。B(2011郑州
604、第三次质检，C)On Jan. 3, a netizen(网民)nicknamed “Programmer Humor” published a short story on his microblog. It said that there was an old lady who swept nearly every inch of his Internet company. When she passed by a programmer, she took a look at the codes on the programmers computer and kindly reminded
605、 him, “Be careful, the stack is overfilled！”Certainly, it is a casual and fictitious(虚构的)story made up by the microblogger. However, no one would have guessed that the short blog would eventually cause the first great Internet meme(网络快速爆红现象) of 2011 in China. Suddenly, the mysterious “Sweeping Old L
606、ady” is showing up nearly everywhere and reminding professionals of their mistakes. From 8 a. m. on Jan. 5, some netizens collected stories of the “Sweeping Old Lady” and found she had appeared to give advice in 150 kinds of careers. A netizen even said he had met with a similar situation in real li
607、fe.Actually, the “Sweeping Old Lady” is not new figure, but is based on the “sweeping monk (和尚)”in Louis Chas famous Kung fu novel of “Tian Long Ba Bu”. The “sweeping monk” is an old monk and does the lowest class of work in Shaolin Temple, but he is actually the No. 1 master in the novel both in Ku
608、ng fu and in the study of Buddhism.The “Sweeping Old Lady” is also a great modest master. Lots of netizens wish that they could have such a lady beside them to give them precious suggestions at a key time.Although there may be 1,000 “Sweeping Old Ladies” in 1,000 peoples minds, it cannot prevent the
609、 “Sweeping Old Lady” from becoming the most popular figure on the Internet.“Programmer Humor” said he is just a programmer in the real world and once he saw the story about the “Sweeping Old Lady”， he wrote it down in his microblog because it was funny. He never knew who the original writer of the s
610、tory was and never thought the story could be so popular. 她低调且谦逊。虽“智慧非凡”却能心甘情愿地做个身份卑微的保洁员。她只是一个轻而易举地就被专业人士忽略的角色，但是却总是能给出最有价值的建议。她是一个传奇。她就是2011年中国网络第一个红人神秘高人“扫地老太太”。5What quality does the “Sweeping Old Lady” have?A.Honest and knowledgeable.B.Modest and patient.C.Modest and knowledgeable.D.Honest and
611、patient.答案：C。推理判断题。由第一段可推知，这名老太太很有知识；再由此第四段第一句话“The Sweeping Old Lady is also a great modest master.”可知，她竟然干打扫卫生的活，可见她很谦虚。6Which description about the “Sweeping Old Lady” is RIGHT?A.She is an old lady good at sweeping the Internet.B.She is just an imaginary figure created by a netizen.C.She is wellk
612、nown as the old “sweeping monk”D.She likes to give instructions everywhere.答案：B。推理判断题。由最后两段，特别是第二段第一句话“Certainly, it is a casual and fictitious(虚构的)story made up by the microblogger.”可推知，这名老太太是假想的人物，是由一名网民创造出来的。7What can we infer from the text?A.The sweeping old lady is always looking down on the pe
613、ople around her.B.We should ask sweeping old lady for advice when meeting with difficulties.C.People want to have a “Sweeping Old Lady” nearby to do the cleaning.D.We shouldnt judge a person by his or her appearance and wed better respect everyone.答案：D。推理判断题。由第一段可知，A项错误，这名老太太很谦虚；B项错误，这名老太太是虚构的人物；由第四
614、段第二句话“Lots of netizens wish that they could have such a lady beside them to give them precious suggestions at a key time.”可知，C项错误，网民求老太太进行技术指导而非打扫卫生；由第一段和第三段可知，人不可貌相。8What does the author think of the “Sweeping Old Lady”？A.She should be praised and respected.B.She shouldnt mind others business.C.She
615、 should go in for network.D.She shouldnt show off before professionals.答案：A。推理判断题。其他三项都不对。C(2011太原二模，D)Babu, a 12yearold dog, does not normally like going for walks.But when she insisted on going for one soon after the March 11 earthquake, her owner Tami Akanuma suspected something was wrong. When B
616、abu headed for a nearby hill rather than taking their usual route in the coastal city of Miyako, Akanuma decided to follow along. Minutes after climbing the hill, she saw a disastrous tsunami attacking the town, flattening the district where they lived about 200 meters from the coast. “Babu might ha
617、ve sensed a tsunami was coming，” said Akanuma, 83.Akanuma was relaxing in her living room when the quake struck off Japan northeast coast. The lights went out and Babu started running around the room, barking loudly and madly wagging her tail.Its a bit early for a walk, Akanuma thought, but she put
618、Babu on her leash(系狗的皮带) anyway.As soon as she opened the door; Babu fiercely ran outside and headed toward a nearby hillthe opposite direction they usually go for a walk.When Akanumas pace slowed down, Babu would look back, as if urging her owner to walk faster.When Akanuma caught up, Babu would ra
619、n ahead again, straining at her leash.This game of hurryupandcatchme continued over and over. When Akanuma finally took a rest, she had climbed the hill about one kilometer from her home.Turning around, Akanuma could barely believe her eyes: Most of the route she and Babu had walked had been swallow
620、ed up by tsunami and her home had been consumed by the wail of muddy water.Akanuma believes her dog could tell something was wrong that day.Babu is staying with Akanuma and about 60 locals at a hill being used as a shelter.Babu turned 12 Wednesday.She seemed quite pleased to celebrate the event in h
621、er favorite pink outfit, which had been freshly washed for the_big_day.日本的地震以及其引起的海啸让很多人失去了生命。而Babu这条狗在这次灾难中救了主人的命。9How did Babu manage to save her owner from the disastrous tsunami?A.By barking loudly to make her owner know the immediate danger.B.By making her owner aware of the strong quake off th
622、e coast.C.By acting in time and leading her owner to safety.D.By running around the room and madly wagging her tail.答案：C。细节理解题。由第二、三段话可知，Babu对海啸及时做出了反应，并且带领它的主人到了安全地带。10The underlined words “the big day” in the last paragraph refer to _.A.the day when the locals celebrated their survivalB.the day wh
623、en Babu reached the age of twelveC.the day when a ceremony was held in honor of BabuD.the day when Akanuma celebrated her 83rd birthday答案：B。猜测词义题。由最后一段第二句话“Babu turned 12 Wednesday.”可知，这一天是它的生日。11We can infer from the passage that _.A.it happened to be time for Babus walk when the quake struckB.the
624、strong quake destroyed Akanumas homeC.Babus acute sense and devotion helped save Akanumas lifeD.Akanuma got help from the locals on the walk to the hill答案：C。推理判断题。由第二段第三句话“Its a bit early for a walk”可知，A项错误；由第三段倒数第二句话“Most of the route she and Babu had walked had been swallowed up by tsunami and her
625、 home had been consumed by the wail of muddy water.”可知，B项错误；D项文中无交代；由第二、三段可知，Babu的敏锐的嗅觉和热情帮助它救了主人的命。12Which of the following is the most suitable title for this passage?A.Dog saves owner from tsunamiBOld lady survives deadly tsunamiC.Old lady becomes famous overnightDDog celebrates her birthday in a
626、 special way答案：A。主旨大意题。由全文大意可知。D(2011台州调考，C)Below is a web page from http：/Kid of the Year Photo Contest Enter your kids photo today and win! Were giving away 52 weekly $250 prizes from Readers Choice votes. PLUS our editors will select one entry (参赛作品) to win our grand prize of $7,000. Official Con
627、test RulesNo purchase necessary to enter or win.The Kid of the Year Photo Contest entry period begins at 12：00 am. January 23, 2011, and ends January 21, 2012 (the “Entry Period”). Entries must be received by 9：00 pm. on January 21, 2012 (“Entry Deadline”). Entries will not be acknowledged or return
628、ed.SPONSOR: Meredith Corporation, 1716 Locust Street, Des Moines, Iowa.ENTRY: There will be two methods of entry.ShareMy Entry: Visit http：/ and click the button to enter.Then complete the registration form and follow the instructions to upload one album of up to six photos of your child aged three
629、months to eight years. Photos must be taken by entrant, nonprofessional, unpublished and may not have won any prize or award. Photos must be .jpeg or. bmp image formats (格式) and cannot exceed 3 MB.Facebook Entry：Visit F and click the Kid of 2011 tab. Fill out the registration form and upload one alb
630、um of up to six photos of your child age three months to eight years. You may provide one description and one album title that will be applied to all photos. Photos must be taken by entrant, nonprofessional, unpublished and may not have won any prize or award. Photos must be .jpeg or .bmp image form
631、ats and cannot exceed 3 MB.This promotion is in no way sponsored, supported or run by, or associated with Facebook. You are providing your information to Parents Magazine and not to Facebook. The information you provide will only be used to run the promotion and register for P. Photos must not conta
632、in material that infringes (侵犯) the rights of another, including but not limited to privacy, publicity or intellectual property rights, or that constitutes copyright infringement. Photos must not contain brand names or trademarks. LIMIT: One entry per household, per eligible (有资格的) child, per week.
633、One weekly prize per child. For entries of more than one eligible child in the household, the entry process must be completed separately for each child. No group entries. 这是一则网站举办儿童图片比赛的广告。你的宝贝漂亮吗？那么快来给他报名吧！奖金高达2万美元。13. We can learn from the passage that _.A. you should buy something first before yo
634、u enter the contestB. your entry will not be returned even if you dont win the contestC. you should send your entry before 9：00 pm. on January 21, 2011D. the editors of the contest will decide who will win the 20,000 dollars in prizes答案：B。细节理解题。由“Official Contest Rules”下最后一句话“Entries will not be ack
635、nowledged or returned.”可知，来稿不退。由“Official Contest Rules”下第一句话“No purchase necessary to enter or win.”可知，A项错误；由“Official Contest Rules”下Entries must be received by 9：00 pm. on January 21, 2012 (“Entry Deadline”)可知，C项错误；由“Kid of the Year Photo Contest”下内容可知，读者投票和编辑共同决定谁赢，因此D项错误。14Linda, a mother with
636、sevenyearold twins, wants to enter the contest. She must _.A. provide a description and an album title for the kids photosB. go to Meredith Corporation to fill out the registration formsC. complete the entry process separately for each of her kidsD. provide the information to Facebook if she chooses
637、 Facebook Entry答案：C。推理判断题。由最后一段第三句话“For entries of more than one eligible child in the household, the entry process must be completed separately for each child.”可知，Linda可以单独给她的孩子报名参赛。15. To enter the contest, photos must _.A. have won some prize or awardB. be taken by nonprofessional entrantsC. cont
638、ain brand names or trademarksD. contain parents personal information答案：B。细节理解题。由“ShareMy Entry”下“Photos must be taken by entrant, nonprofessional, unpublished and may not have won any prize or award. Photos must be .jpeg or .bmp image formats (格式) and cannot exceed 3 MB.”可知，B项正确。16. The purpose of t
639、he passage is _.A. to advertise the website Facebook. comB. to attract photographers interest in a photo contestC. to introduce two methods of entering a photo contestD. to encourage parents with children to enter a photo contest答案：D。推理判断题。由文章大意可知，本文鼓励父母给孩子报名参加图片比赛赢取奖金。E(2011莆田适应性练习，E)The New York T
640、imes announced Wednesday that it intended to charge frequent readers for access to its Web site, a step being debated across the industry that nearly every major newspaper has so far feared to take.Starting in early 2011, visitors to NYT will get a certain number of articles free every month before
641、being asked to pay a flat fee for unlimited access. Subscribers(订阅者) to the newspapers print edition will receive full access to the site.But executives(执行主管) of The New York Times Company said they could not yet answer fundamental questions about the plan, like how much it would cost or what the li
642、mit would be on free reading. They stressed that the amount of free access could change with time, in response to economic conditions and readers demand.Still, publishers fear that income from digital subscriptions would not compensate for the resulting loss of audience and advertising revenue.NYT i
643、s by far the most popular newspaper site in the country, with more than 17 million readers a month in the United States, according to Nielsen Online, and analysts say it is easily the leader in advertising revenue, as well. That may make it better positioned than other generalinterest papers to char
644、geand also gives The Times more to lose if the move backfires.The Times Company has been studying the matter for almost a year, searching for common ground between pro and antipay campsa debate mirrored in dozens of mediawatching blogsand the system will not go into effect until January 2011. Execut
645、ives said they were not bothered by the prospect of absorbing barbs(冷嘲热讽) for moving cautiously.“Theres no prize for getting it quick，” said Janet L. Robinson, the companys president and chief executive. “Theres more of a prize for getting it right.”17The first paragraph serves as a _.A. conclusion
646、B. commentC. leadinD. background答案：C。推理判断题。第一段引出话题。18. We may know from the passage that _.A. nonpaying readers will get no access to NYT B. readers will be charged more to read more articles on NYTC. visitors to NYT frequently will get more free online articles D. subscribers to the print edition w
647、ill enjoy free access to the site as well答案：D。细节理解题。由第二段最后一句话“Subscribers(订阅者) to the newspapers print edition will receive full access to the site.”可知，订阅了该报纸的文字版的阅读者将会享受免费网上版。19. Which of the following best describes The Times Companys attitude towards its announcement?A. Rude.BSerious.C. Hurried.D
648、. Doubtful.答案：B。推理判断题。由第六段可推知。20. The passage is mainly about_.A. the Times to offer free access to its web siteB. the Times to increase audience to its web siteC. the Times to attract advertisement to its web siteD. the Times to charge for frequent access to its web site 答案：D。主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，本文讲的是纽约时
649、报将对其网上版进行收费的规定及人们对此的反应。(二)A(2011海淀第二学期期末，A)My father was a keen baseball fan. Whenever he could, Dad took me out to the park and pitched balls for me to hit.One day at the park, a woman pushing a young boy in a wheelchair stopped to watch us play. My dad was over to them in a flash to ask if the chi
650、ld could join our game. The woman explained that her son had polio(小儿麻痹症)and wouldnt be able to get out of the chair. That didnt stop my dad. He placed the bat in the youngsters hand，pushed him out to home plate and assisted him in holding the bat. Then he yelled out to me, “Anne, pitch one in to us
651、.”I saw the delight in the boys eyes, so I aimed at the bat and let the ball fly. The ball made contact with the bat with an assist from my dad and the child screamed with joy. As I turned, I heard my dad singing Take Me Out to the Ball Game.An hour later we all left the field, very tired but very h
652、appy. Dad told the mother to bring the boy back next Saturday and we would play another game.Dad and I were at the field the next Saturday but the mother and son never came. Twenty years passed，with my dad gone, I had very mixed emotions about leaving the neighborhood. Before moving I decided to tak
653、e one last walk around the park where Dad and I had spent so many happy moments. Two Little League teams were on the field just about to start a game. I felt the sting of tears in my eyes as I watched the children play the game.“Jeff, protect your base，”one coach yelled. I cheered the runner on when
654、 the ball was hit far into the outfield. The coach turned and smiled，“I never thought Id ever be a coach playing on this field. You see, I had polio as a child and was restricted to a wheelchair. Thanks to a mans assistance，I was able to hit the ball and hear him singing the song Take Me out to the
655、Ball Game. I believe that experience gave me the desire to walk again. I hope that some day Ill look up in the stands and see that man and his daughter again. I sure would like to thank him.”20年前的一次偶遇改变了一个人的一生，使患小儿麻痹坐在轮椅上的男孩走下轮椅，并最终成了一位棒球教练。1The author was tearful when watching the children playing
656、the game because _.A. she hadnt recovered from the loss of her fatherB. she was reminded of her father playing with her to the parkC. she realized that her father hadnt received thanks from othersD. she was moved by the son who became a coach twenty years later答案：B。推理判断题。由第5段内容尤其是最后两句的描述可推断出我是触景生情，故
657、选B。2Which is the RIGHT order of the following events?a. The authors father died.b. The author played with the boy.c. The author left the neighborhood.d. The author waited for the boy to turn up.e. The author saw the boy coaching a team.A. dbeac B. dbecaC. bdace D. bdaec答案：D。事实细节题。由文中所叙述的事情发生的先后顺序可知D
658、项正确。3The passage conveys the message that _.A. the boy is a miracleB. the authors father is a heroC. a simple act of kindness can change a lifeD. ball games have a great effect on peoples life答案：C。推理判断题。本文意在传达的信息是：一次小小的善举可能改变一个人的一生。故选C。B(2011沈阳二模，B)New media has been growing fast and influencing peo
659、ples lives in ways few things have done before. In 2010, Chinas new media industry witnessed explosive development. But with “new” comes uncertainties and challenges. The following are brief reviews on the development of Chinas new media and outlooks on its future.Microblogging(微博)Short and convenie
660、nt, microblogs also experienced “a_big_bang” in China last year, with the number of microbloggers at Chinas popular portal(门户网站)sina. com. cn almost doubling in less than six months. Afterwards，the other three major web portals，including sohu. com，qq. com and 163. com, each set up their own microblo
661、gging services. With more government officials and entities(实体) registering, Chinas microblogging services are expected to play a more important role in connecting the public and the governments in 2011.Search EnginesBaidus position in the search engine market would face fierce challenges from sohu.
662、 com, Microsofts Bing and goso. cn from the Peoples Daily. Xinhua is also preparing to start its search engine together with China Mobile, a leading company in mobile networks. Goso and Xinhua both have the advantage of providing content, while Bing has a big edge in technology and funds. They are e
663、xpected to pose threats(威胁) to Baidu in 2011.Internet of ThingsIoT refers to a network of realworld objects linked by the Internet and interacting through online services. China set up its first IoT research center in Shanghai in March 2010. Within the same week, Premier Wen Jiabao stated in the ann
664、ual government report that it would “accelerate the research and development, as well as application of the Internet of Things”However，some experts say Chinas IoT is still in an early stage，and itll take a long time for it to let the public enjoy its full functions.新的媒体正在迅速发展并以前所未有的方式影响人们的生活。4What i
665、s the text mainly about?A. Some major media in China.B. Chinas new media and its future.C. The development of Chinas online services.D. Chinas earlystage IoT and its major functions.答案：B。主旨大意题。由首段首句“New media has been growing fast and influencing peoples lives in ways few things have done before.”和尾
666、句“The following are brief reviews on the development of Chinas new media and outlooks on its future.”可知B项正确。5How many web portals are mentioned in Paragraph 2?A. Two. B. Three. C. Four. D. Five.答案：C。事实细节题。由第2段内容可知，段中提到sina. com. cn, sohu. com, qq. com and 163. com四大网络门户。6Which of the following will
667、be Xinhua s partner to start a search engine?A. Baidu. B. Sohu. com.C. Goso. cn. D. China Mobile.答案：D。事实细节题。由第3段中的“Xinhua is also preparing to start its search engine together with China Mobile”可知答案。7What does the underlined part “a big bang” in Paragraph 2 probably mean?A. A deafening sound. B. An
668、explosive development.C. A terrible damage. D. A demanding challenge.答案：B。词义猜测题。由画线短语所在句子结合首段第1、2句可知B项正确。C(2011济南4月模拟，C)Just 25 years ago, the top three career hopes for young people in Britain were teacher, banker and doctor. Now，they want to be sports star, pop star and actor，according to a survey
669、 by the Guardian newspaper.Rachel, a character in the popular TV show Glee, may be said to speak for British teenagers. “Nowadays being nobody is worse than being poor，”he said. Emma Brockes, a reporter with the Guardian, believes it is “the bad influence of celebrity(名人)culture” that is to blame.“W
670、hen children Wanted to be doctor, it wasnt because they were really more interested in the functions of human organs than they are now，they go where the respect is.” she wrote.It could explain why there has been such an increase in levels of anxiety and depression. Dr Carlo Strenger of Tel Aviv Univ
671、ersity, studied the sense of self for his new book The Fear of Insignificance：Searching for Meaning in the 21st Century. He told the Daily Mail that young people now are “affected by the close connection to the global entertainment network, which has turned ranking and rating people according to wea
672、lth and celebrity into an obsession (痴迷) ” “As humans，we naturally measure ourselves to those around us, but now we live in a global village. We are comparing ourselves with the most important people in the world and finding ourselves wanting，” he said. Today, even high achievers constantly fear tha
673、t they are insignificant when they compare themselves to success stories in the media.The way out? Simply stop measuring your achievement through a fantasy of wealth and celebrity. Dr Carlo Strenger said that it was a process called “active selfacceptance through a constant search for selfknowledge
674、through life”. “The fear of insignificance can only be overcome through strong individual and cultural identity over and above measurable achievement，” he said.随着时代的发展，人们的追求在不断变化，在全球网络影响与日俱增的时代，成为名人成了人们追逐的目标。8Nowadays，young people in Britain want to _.A. choose jobs based on interestsB. become famou
675、sC. be teacher，banker and doctorD. earn more money答案：B。推理判断题。由第2段第2句“Nowadays being nobody is worse than being poor”结合首段尾句和第3段首句可推知当今英国的年轻人想成为名人。故选B。9According to Emma Brockes，what causes the increasing level of anxiety?A. Choices of future careers.B. Access to the global network.C. Bad influences o
676、f celebrities.D. Endless comparison with others.答案：C。事实理解题。由第3段“.it is the bad influence of celebrity culture that is to blame.”可知答案为C。10Which of the following is TRUE of Dr Carlo Strenger?A. He is a newspaper reporter.B. He is the spokesman of teenagers.C. He tells success stories on TV.D. He is ag
677、ainst ranking people with wealth.答案：D。事实细节题。由第4段尾句可知D项正确。11Dr Carlo Strenger suggests that young people should _.A. seek active selfacceptance B. stick to their own dreamsC. make great achievements D. search for the secret of wealth答案：A。事实细节题。由倒数第2段尾句“Dr Carlo Strenger said that it is a process call
678、edactive selfacceptance through a constant search for selfknowledge through life.”可知选A。12The text is mainly written to_.A. talk about job choices B. analyse a social phenomenonC. encourage celebrity culture D. introduce three famous people答案：B。推理判断题。通读文章可推知作者意在分析一种追求成名的社会现象。D(2011江南十校二模，C) Awardwinn
679、ing author Emma Donoghues latest book, Room, is a unique and amazing story about a boys experience living in a small，windowless room with his mother. The 11 x 11 space between the walls of the room is actually all the boy knows because he was born there and has never left. Room will horrify ，surpris
680、e, sadden ，and finally delight you. Attracted from the start, readers of all sorts wont want to put Room down.First published in the U. S. in September 2010Publisher: Little Brown321 PagesLiterary master Ian McEwan returns with Solar, a novel about a Nobel prizewinning physicist. The physicists pers
681、onal life is in a mess as his fifth marriage breaks，but this time he actually loves his wife and wants to make things better. Solar is a funny story, completely unusual and as good as anything the writer has ever written.Published in March 2010Publisher: Knopf Doubleday304 PagesOne Day by David Nich
682、olls was an international bestseller before it was released in the U. S. in June. Although it is well written and funny at times, dont be fooledthis isnt a goodfeeling romantic comedy. If you decide to read it, be prepared for some heavy moments.Published in the US. in June 2010Publisher: Vintage Co
683、ntemporaries437 Pages Fall of Giants by Ken Follett is the first book in a new trilogy(three books)that will take readers through the major events of the twentieth century by following five families. In Fall of Giants, most of the action centers on World War I and the Bolshevik Revolution. Although
684、Fall of Giants is more than 1,000 pages and has many characters，the story is remarkably connected. Published in September 2010Publisher: Dutton1,008 Pages本文向读者介绍了2010年新出版的四本书。13According to the text，the latest and longest novel is_.A. Room B. SolarC. One Day D. Fall of Giants 答案：D。事实细节题。由四本书的出版时间和页数
685、可知答案为Fall of Ciants。14Which of the following is NOT true according to the text?A. Ian McEwan once won the Nobel Prize.B. Fall of Giants is mostly set in wars.C. One day is written by David Nicholls.D. Solar is a funny story about a physicist.答案：A。事实细节题。由对Solar一书的介绍中可知获得诺贝尔奖的是小说的主人公而不是作者本人。15We can k
686、now from the text that _.A. the main character of Room has a wide range of knowledgeB. Solar is the only book that Ian McEwan has ever writtenC. all the four books were not published in the same monthD. One Day is a funny romantic comedy that sells very well答案：C。事实细节题。由四本书的出版时间，可知C项正确。16We can infer
687、 from the passage that _.A. the sixth of Ian McEwans marriages brokeB. Room by Emma Donoghue has a happy endingC. the publisher of One Day is Little BrownD. Dutton and Ken Follett are both publishers 答案：B。推理判断题。由第1则信息中的Room will horrify, surprise, sadden, and finally delight you.可推知答案为B。易错选A。A项中Ian
688、McEwan应为小说的主人公“The physicist”才对；由第三则介绍可知One Day的出版者是Vintage Contemporaries而不是Little Brown；由第四则介绍可知Dutton是发行人，但从第四则介绍可知Ken Follett是Fall of Giants一书的作者而不是发行人。考生解题时要注意题干的要求，从题干中的infer可知本题是推理判断题，首先就把属于事实细节的C、D排除。E(2011成都三诊，E)Every social experience that we have affects us in at least some small ways. In
689、 modern industrial and post industrial societies, however, there are four familiar influences that have special significance in the socialization process. They are the family, schooling, peer groups and the mass media.The family is the most important agent of socialization because it represents the
690、center of childrens lives. Babies are almost totally dependent on others, and the responsibilities of meeting their needs almost always fall on parents and other family members. At least until the start of schooling, the family is responsible for teaching children cultural values and attitudes towar
691、ds themselves and others.Family based socialization is not entirely intentional. Children learn continuously from the kind of environment that adults create for them. Whether children learn to think of themselves as strong or weak, smart or stupid, loved or simply tolerated, is largely determined by
692、 this early environment that adults create.Parenting_styles_aside,_and_parental_attention_is_important in childrens social development. Physical contact，verbal stimulation，and openness from parents and others all encourage childrens intellectual(智力的) growth.The family also places children in a speci
693、fic social position, that is, parents not only bring children into the physical world, they also place their children in society in terms of race, religion, and class. In time ，all of these things become part of a childs self concept, or idea of himself or herself. Of course, some aspects of social
694、position may change later on, but social standing at birth affects us throughout our lives. In many ways, then, parents teach their children to follow in their footsteps.本文主要谈论了家庭对孩子成长的影响。家庭环境、社会地位、种族、宗教尤其是所出生家庭的社会地位对孩子的文化价值观、对自身和他人的态度会产生终生的影响。17Which of the following statements about family sociali
695、zation is TRUE?A. All family based socialization is a carefully planned process.B. Ones socialization process completely depends on ones family.C. The family plays the most important role in ones socialization.D. The family should be responsible for their children all their lifetime.答案：C。事实细节题。由第2段首
696、句可知答案。由文中相关内容可知A项中的carefully planned错误；B项中的completely错误；D项中的all their lifetime错误。18The underlined part in the 4th paragraph means that _.A. parental attention rather than parenting styles is importantB. parenting styles are less important than parental attentionC. parental attention is less importan
697、t than parenting stylesD. parental attention as well as parenting styles is important答案：D。句意理解题。第4段首句画线部分中的aside在此意为“除了外还”，相当于并列连词and或as well as。19What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Parents footsteps decide their childrens future life.B. The family has a lot to do with ones social posit
698、ion.C. Ones social position cant be changed at all later on.D. Social position at birth wont affect us throughout our lives.答案：B。推理判断题。本段主要讲了家庭对孩子的影响。20Which of the following could be the best title of the passage?A. All Steps of Childrens SocializationB. Four Agents of Childrens SocializationC. Fam
699、ily the Most Important Socialization AgentD. Family Major Influence on Intellectual Growth答案：C。主旨大意题。本文主要讲述对该子社会化进程产生影响的四大因素中的“家庭的影响”，由此可见作者认为它应该是最重要的。(三)A(2011昆明质检，A)I recently heard a story about a famous research scientist who had made several very important medical achievements. A newspaper repo
700、rter interviewed him why he was able to be so much more creative than the average person. What set him so far apart from others? He responded that it all came from an experience with his mother that occurred when he was about two years old. He had been trying to remove a bottle of milk from the refr
701、igerator when he dropped the slippery bottle, spilling its contents all over the kitchen floora real sea of milk!When his mother came into the kitchen，instead of shouting at him, giving him a lecture or punishing him, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful mess you have made! I have rarely se
702、en such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been done. Would you like to get down and play in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？”Indeed, the boy did. After a few minutes, his mother said, “You know, Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to clean
703、 it up and restore everything to its proper order. How would you like to do that? We could use a sponge(海绵)，a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer？” He chose the sponge and together they cleaned up the spilled milk.His mother then said，“You know，what we have here is a failed experiment in how to effe
704、ctively carry a big milk bottle with two tiny hands. Lets go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can find a way to carry it without dropping it. ”The little boy learned that if he grasped the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could make it. What a wond
705、erful lesson!This famous scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didnt need to be afraid to make mistakes.当记者采访一位富有创造性的杰出科学家为什么他与众不同时，这位科学家说这一切源于2岁时妈妈给他上的一课，从中我们可以意识到孩提时代的教育方法的重要性。1When the mother found the kitchen floor covered with milk, she _.A. gave the boy a lecture inste
706、ad of shouting at himB. praised the boy instead of punishing himC. felt satisfied with the boys trying to help himselfD. calmed down the boy and helped him find a way to clean the floor答案：D。事实细节题。由第三、四、五段的内容可知，妈妈看到牛奶洒了一地后，首先安慰那个男孩让他镇定下来，然后帮助他找到清洁地板的方法并找到最终解决怎样用一双小手拿稳瓶子的方法，故选D。2The childs experience
707、resulted in the following BUT _.A. offering the boy a chance to grasp the bottleB. benefiting the boy all his lifeC. helping the boy be more creativeD. making the boy realize the mistake is of value答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段和第二段可知当这位富有创造性的科学家被采访到他为何富有创造性时，他说起两岁时的一次经历可以推断出这件事启迪了他的创造性同时也使他终生受益可知B、C正确；由尾段可推知他通过这次
708、经历意识到了错误的价值，故只有A项不是那次经历导致的结果，故答案选A。3According to the passage, the way the scientists mother used is _.A. instructive B. strictC. formal D. strange答案：A。推理判断题。通读文章可知妈妈的方法具有教育性、启发性和指导意义。故选A。4The purpose of the passage is to show _.A. a usual way to cultivate a childB. a scientists medical achievementsC
709、. a mothers wise way of helping her childD. the advantages of making mistakes答案：C。推理判断题。总览文章可知作者的目的和意图是展示妈妈帮助孩子的明智的方法，故选C。B(2011黄冈适应性考试，B)A few months before I was born, my Dad met a stranger who was new to our small town. From the beginning, Dad was fascinated with this enchanting newcomer and soon
710、 invited him to live with our family. The stranger was quickly accepted and was around to welcome me into the world a few months later.As I grew up, I never questioned his place in my family. In my young mind, he had a special position. My parents were complementary instructors：Mom taught me the wor
711、ds, and Dad taught me to obey them. But the stranger. He was our storyteller. He would keep us spellbound for hours on end with adventures, mysteries and comedies.If I wanted to know anything about politics，history or science，he always knew the answers about the past, understood the present and even
712、 seemed able to predict the future! He made me laugh, and he made me cry. The stranger never stopped talking, but Dad didnt seem to mind.I now know that my early concepts about relationship were influenced strongly by the stranger. Time after time, he opposed the values of my parents, yet he was sel
713、dom blamed.and NEVER asked to leave.More than fifty years have passed since the stranger moved in with our family. He has blended right in and is not nearly as fascinating as he was at first. Still, if you were to walk into my parents room today, you would still find him sitting over in his corner,
714、waiting for someone to listen to him talk and watch him draw his pictures. His name?We just call him.“TV”He has a younger sister now. We call her“Computer”作者以生动形象的拟人手法描述了电视对自己的影响。5When the stranger came to live with our family, he was _.A. ingnored by the children B. driven away for no reasonC. aban
715、doned because it was too noisy D. accepted by every family member答案：D。事实细节题。由首段尾句可知答案。6The stranger can do all the following things EXCEPT that he can _.A. tell us some funny stories B. reject our proposalsC. influence the childrens character D. predict the future答案：B。事实细节题。由第3段内容可知电视具有A、C、D项所说的功能，而
716、不能“拒绝建议”，故按题意要求选B。7The underlined word“spellbound” in Paragraph 2 most probably means _.A. concentrated B. puzzled C. fascinated D. astonished答案：C。词义猜测题。由第2段尾句语境“数小时连续地看冒险故事、神秘故事和喜剧”可知应是“沉迷于，对着迷的”，故答案为C。倒数第3段第2句中的fascinating也是暗示。本题易误选A，但是如果注意一下后面的介词就可排除，因为concentrate和on搭配。8What can we learn from the
717、 last three paragraphs of the passage?A. The computer is more advanced and has gained greater popularity.B. Old as he is，we like the stranger best.C. The TV set is out of fashion and often breaks down.D. We decide to throw the TV set away immediately.答案：A。推理判断题。文章中提到电视伴随我们五十年，而现在它有了一个年轻的妹妹那就是电脑，说明了产
718、品已推陈出新，暗示了电脑更先进更受人们青睐，故答案为A。C(2011海淀第二学期期末，C)Job sharing refers to the situation in which two people divide the responsibility of one fulltime job. The two people willingly act as parttime workers, enough hours between them to fulfill the duties of a fulltime worker. If they each work half the job,
719、for example, they each receive 50 percent of the jobs wages，its holidays and its other benefits.Job sharing differs from conventional(常规的) parttime work in that it occurs mainly in the more highly skilled and professional areas, which require higher levels of responsibility and employee commitment.J
720、ob sharing should not be confused with the term work sharing，which refers to increasing the number of jobs by reducing the number of hours of each existing job, thus offering more positions to the growing number of unemployed people. Job sharing, by contrast, is not designed to address unemployment
721、problems; its focus, rather, is to provide wellpaid work for skilled workers and professionals who want more free time for other activities. As would be expected, most job sharers are women. A survey carded out in 1988 by Britains Equal Opportunities Commission showed that 78 percent of sharers were
722、 female, the majority of whom were between 20 and 40 years of age. Subsequent studies have come up with similar results. Many of these women were reentering the job market after having had children，but they chose not to seek parttime work because it would have meant lower status. Job sharing also of
723、fered an acceptable shift back into fulltime work after a long absence.The necessity of close cooperation when sharing a job with another person makes the actual work quite different from conventional oneposition jobs. However，to ensure a greater chance that the partnership will succeed, each person
724、 needs to know the strengths, weaknesses and preferences of his or her partner before applying for a position. Moreover, there must be a fair division of both routine tasks and interesting ones. In sum, for a position to be jobshared well, the two individuals must be well matched and must treat each
725、 other as equals.本文讲述了“job sharing”这一新的工作形式的特征及其要求。9In what way is work sharing different from job sharing?A. Work sharing requires more working hours.B. Work sharing is aimed at creating more jobs.C. Work sharing provides a more satisfactory salary.D. Work sharing depends on the employers decision.
726、答案：B。事实细节题。由第3段首句中的“work sharing, which refers to increasing the number of jobs.”可知which引导的定语从句修饰work sharing，由此推出答案。10According to Paragraph 4, young mothers preferred job sharing to conventional parttime work mainy because _.A. they sought higher social statusB. they were over ideal working agesC.
727、 they had difficulty finding fulltime jobsD. they had to take care of both work and family答案：A。推理判断题。由第4段倒数第2句可推知这些年轻妇女们选择job sharing这一工作形式是为了寻求更高的社会地位。故选A。11In job sharing the partners should _.A. enjoy equal social status B. have similar work experienceC. keep in touch with each other D. know each
728、 other very well答案：D。事实细节题。由尾段后半段的内容可知D项正确。12The main purpose of the passage is to_.A. describe job sharing in generalB. discuss how to provide more jobsC. recommend job sharing to womenD. compare job sharing with work sharing答案：A。主旨大意题。总览全文可知本文旨在大体上描述“job sharing” 这一工作形式。故选A。D(2011合肥第二次质检，D)You are
729、 busy filling out the application form for a position you really need；lets assume you once actually completed a couple of years of college work or even that you completed your degree. Isnt it tempting to lie just a little, to claim on the form that your diploma (文凭) represents a Harvard degree? Or t
730、hat you finished an extra couple of years back at State University?More and more people are turning to an utter deception (欺骗)like this to land their first job or to move ahead in their careers. For personnel officers, like most Americans, value degress from famous schools. A job applicant may have
731、a good education anyway, but he or she assumes that chances of being hired are better with a diploma from a wellknown university. Registrars(学籍管理员)at most wellknown colleges say that they deal with dishonest claims like these at the rate of about one per week.Personnel officers do check up on degree
732、s listed on application forms. It turns out that when an applicant is lying, most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly. One Ivy League school refers to them as “special cases”. One wellknown West Coast school, in perhaps the most delicate phrase of all, says these claims are made
733、by “no such people”To avoid complete lies，some job seekers claim that they “attended” or “were associated with”a college or university. After careful checking, a personnel officer may discover that “attending” means being dismissed after one semester. It may be that “being associated with” a college
734、 means that the job seeker visited his younger brother for a football weekend. One school that keeps records of false claims says that the practice dates back at least to the turn of the centurythats when they began keeping records, anyhow.If you dont want to lie or even stretch the truth, there are
735、 companies that will sell you a fake diploma. One company, with offices in New York and on the West Coast, will put your name on a diploma from any number of nonexistent colleges. The price begins at around twenty dollars for a diploma from “Smoot State University”. The prices increase rapidly for a
736、 degree from the “University of Purdue”. As there is no Smoot State and the real school in Indiana is properly called Purdue University, the prices seem rather high for one sheet of paper.因为人事部门的官员们更看重名校学历，因此人们常常为谋求一份好工作和职位而造假。13The writer mainly wants to tell us that _.A. college degrees can now be
737、 purchased easily B. nowadays it is very hard for people to find jobsC. lying about college degrees is becoming a widespread problemD. employers are no longer interested in applicants actual performances答案：C。主旨大意题。总览文章可知C项为本文主旨。14As used in the first line of the second paragraph，the word “utter” mea
738、ns _.A. thorough B. carefulC. imcomplete D. spoken 答案：A。词义猜测题。由第二段第一句中的关键词deception(欺骗)及其后的解释“学历造假”，再结合文章主旨可推出A项正确。thorough彻底的。15Once finding applicants with false diplomas, most colleges would _.A. keep the records of themB. drive them out of collegeC. avoid direct conflicts with themD. accuse them
739、 of such behaviors 答案：C。推理判断题。由第三段中的“.most colleges are unwilling to accuse the applicant directly”和下面给出的例子可推断出C项正确。16We can learn from the passage that _.A. US employers value their job applicants with a degree from top universitiesB. University of Purdue and Purdue University are the same schoolC.
740、 people with fake diplomas can get their first jobs in US easilyD. people pay the same price for a fake diploma from different universities 答案：A。事实细节题。由第二段第二句“For personnel officers, like most Americans, value degrees from famous schools.”可知A项正确。由尾段可知B、D错误；C项在文中没有信息支持。E(2011成都三诊，D)Habits are a funny
741、 thing. We reach for them mindlessly，setting our brains on autopilot and relaxing into the unconscious comfort of familiar routine. “Not choice, but habit rules the unreflecting creatures，”William Wordsworth said in the 19th century. In the everchanging 21st century，even the word“habit”carries a neg
742、ative meaning.So it seems contradictory to talk about habits in the same context as innovation(创新)But brain researchers have discovered that when we consciously develop new habits ，we create parallel paths, and even entirely new brain cells, that can jump our trains of thought onto new，innovative tr
743、acks.Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchangeable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits. In fact，the more new things we try, the more creative we become.But dont bother trying to kill off old habits；once those ruts of procedure are worn int
744、o the brain，theyre there to stay. Instead，the new habits we deliberately press into ourselves create parallel pathways that can bypass those old roads. “The first thing needed for innovation is attraction to wonder，” says Dawna Markova, author of The Open Mind. “But we are taught instead to decide ，
745、just as our president calls himself the Decider. ”She adds, however，that“to decide is to kill off all possibilities but one. A good innovational thinker is always exploring the many other possibilities.” “All of us work through problems in ways of which were unaware，” she says. Researchers in the la
746、te 1960s discovered that humans are born with the ability to approach challenges in four primary ways: analytically, procedurally, collaboratively (合作地) and innovatively. At the end of adolescence，however, the brain shuts down half of that ability, preserving only those ways of thought that have see
747、med most valuable during the first decade or so of life.The current emphasis on standardized testing highlights analysis and procedure, meaning that few of us use our innovative and collaborative ways of thought. “This breaks the major rule in the American belief systemthat anyone can do anything, ”
748、 explains M. J. Ryan, author of the 2006 book This Year I Will.and Ms. Markovas business partner. “Thats a lie that we have preserved，and it fosters commonness. Knowing what youre good at and doing even more of it creates excellence. ”This is where developing new habits comes in.本文论述了创新思维与有意识培养新习惯之间
749、的关系。17Brain researchers have discovered that _.A. the forming of new habits can be guidedB. the development of habits can be predictedC. the regulation of old habits can be transformedD. the track of new habits can be created unconsciously答案：A。事实细节题。由第三段首句“Rather than dismissing ourselves as unchang
750、eable creatures of habit, we can instead direct our own change by consciously developing new habits.”可知A项正确。18The underlined word “ruts” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to _.A. zones B. connectionsC. situations D. tracks答案：D。词义猜测题。由画线词所在的第四段中的信息词pathway(路，径)和road(路，道路)可推测出D项正确。track路，路径，轨迹。19Wh
751、ich of the following statements most probably agrees with Dawna Markovas view?A. Decision makes no sense in choices.B. Curiosity makes creative minds active.C. Creative ideas are born of a relaxing mind.D. Formation of innovation comes from fantastic ideas.答案：B。推理判断题。由第五段首句和尾句尤其是“The first thing nee
752、ded for innovation is attraction to wonder(创新的第一要素是好奇)”可推断出B项正确。20The purpose of the author writing this article is to persuade us _.A. to give up our traditional habits deliberatelyB. to create and develop new habits consciouslyC. to resist the application of standardized testingD. to believe that
753、old habits conflict with new habits答案：B。主旨大意题。总览文章可知，作者认为创新和新习惯的养成在很多方面是相通的，从而试图说服我们去有意识地创新和培养新习惯。(四)A(2011江南十校二模，A)Children today are crazy about roller skating，for its easy and fun. After supper on week days，anytime on weekends and especially any day in school holidays，so many roller skaters flow
754、into streets, squares，parks and playgrounds. What a beautiful sight!But a long time ago, roller skating was a different story. Before 1750，the idea of skating didnt exist. That changed because of a man named Joseph Merlin，whose work was making musical instruments. In his spare time he liked playing
755、the violin. Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams. People called him a dreamer.One day Merlin received an invitation to attend a fancy dress ball. Very pleased and a little excited, he accepted it. As the day of the party came near, Merlin began to think hard how to make a grand entrance at the party
756、. A strange idea struck him one dayhe would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.He tried different ways to make himself roll. Finally, he decided to put two wheels under each shoe. These were the first roller skates. Very proud of his invention, he couldnt wait for the special day
757、 to come，when he would arrive at the party on wheels while playing the violin.On the night of the party Merlin did as he had planned, rolling into the room playing his violin. Quite astonished，all present cast their eyes over him. Then, unexpectedly, came one problem. Merlin had no way to stop his r
758、oller skates. He rolled on and on. Suddenly, he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall. Down fell the mirror, breaking to pieces. Nobody forgot Merlins grand entrance for a long time!本文讲述了轮式滑冰创始人怎样首次使他的这项发明面世的一件趣事。1Merlin was considered a dreamer because he _.A. always dreamed while sle
759、eping B. invented the roller skatesC. often gave others surprises D. had very rich imagination答案：D。事实细节题。由第2段倒数第2句“Merlin was a man of ideas and dreams.”可知答案。2Merlin roller skated into the room in order to _.Aarrive at the party on timeBimpress the party guestsCtest his new roller skatesDmake the ho
760、st satisfied答案：B。事实细节题。由第3段倒数第1句“.he would get a lot of attention if he could skate into the room.”可知答案。3The main point the writer tries to make in the last paragraph is _.Athe party guests laughed at MerlinBthe roller skates needed improvingCMerlin succeeded beyond expectationDMerlin got himself in
761、to great trouble答案：C。推理判断题。在尾段中，作者既写到意料之中的事(Merlin穿着旱冰鞋参加聚会，引起满堂宾客的注意)又提到意料之外的事(他撞落墙上的大镜子)，两件事的同时发生使得Merlin获得了意想不到的成功。4The text is mainly about _.Aan unusual partyBthe origin of roller skatingCa funny musicianDthe great joy Merlin brought答案：B。主旨大意题。文章主要介绍的是roller skating(轮式滑冰)的起源。故选B。B(2011江南十校二模，B)
762、Doing yoga regularly offers many benefits，including making you feel better about your body as you become stronger and more flexible(柔韧的), strengthening your muscles, reducing stress, and improving your mental and physical health. But will it help you lose weight? Practicing any type of yoga will bui
763、ld strength, but some types may not raise your heart rate enough to help you carry out your weightloss plan. It depends on the type of yoga you select and how frequently you practice it.In order to lose weight, you must eat healthily and burn calories by doing exercise that raises your heart rate on
764、 a regular basis. Some types of yoga，such as Iyengar，in which yoga poses are held for several minutes with a resting period between each pose，will build muscles and improve your posture(姿势), but will not give you the workout you need to lose weight.If you plan to make yoga your primary form of exerc
765、ise，you must do a 90minute yoga class at least three times a week. Many people also choose to combine yoga with running, walking or other aerobic exercises in order to reach their weightloss goals.The type of yoga you need to do is called vinyasa or flow yoga. This style of yoga is based on the perf
766、ormance of a series of poses called sun salutations(拜日式). Vinyasa inludes many popular and athletic yoga styles. For weightloss purposes，try Ashtanga，Power Yoga and Hot Yoga.Keep yourself exercising by doing yoga at home on the days you cant make a class. Follow along with a video or audio recording
767、 if you are new to yoga. When you are ready to plan your own workouts, use these yoga ideas to help you come up with some right choices that will fit your schedule.瑜伽可以锻炼身心、减缓压力，但并非所有的瑜伽练习形式都能减肥。5What are the benefits of regularly practicing yoga?improving health feeling betterreducing stress losing
768、 weightA B C D答案：A。事实细节题。由文章第1、2段内容可知答案。6According to the passage, all the following can help you lose weight EXCEPT _.A. Ashtanga B. Power YogaC. Flow yoga D. Iyengar答案：D。事实细节题。由第3段和倒数第2段内容可知答案。7Paragraph 3 mainly tells us that _.Aeating healthily helps us to lose weightB. all types of yoga can red
769、uce our weightC. any type of yoga will build our strengthD. some types of yoga cant help burn calories答案：D。主旨大意题。该段从减肥原理和瑜伽的运动量两方面入手指出有的类型的瑜伽锻炼达不到燃烧脂肪(减轻体重)的目的。8This text is mainly written to _.A. show the advantages of practicing yogaB. help us lose weight by practicing yogaC. give us suggestions o
770、n practicing yogaD. explain the importance of yoga classes答案：B。推理判断题。通过阐述“瑜伽能不能减肥以及如何减肥”，作者旨在指导我们怎样利用某些类型的瑜伽达到减肥目的。C(2011海淀第二学期期末，B)Question：My ninthgrade art teacher doesnt give any grade above 94% because, she says，“Theres always room for improvement.” In previous years, I earned a 99% and a 100%.
771、 The 94% I received this term does not reflect the hard work that I put into this course. Because of her“improvement” theory, I got a lower grade than I deserve. Is her grading philosophy morally correct? Answer：Your teachers grading system may be unwise, but it is not morally wrong. A teacher deser
772、ves wide latitude in selecting the method of grading that best promotes learning in her classroom; that is, after all, the prime function of grades. It is she who has the training and experience to make this decision.You can criticize her methodology. A 100 need not imply that there is no possibilit
773、y of improvement，only that a student successfully completed the course work. A ninth grader could get a wellearned 100 in English class but still has a way to go before he writes as well as Jane Austen. Whats more ，grades are not only an educational device but are also part of a screening system to
774、help assign(分配) kids to their next class or program. By capping her grades at 94 while most other teachers grade on a scale that tops out at 100, your teacher could risk making a student lose a chance of getting a scholarship or getting in to a top college.What it is wrong to condemn her for is over
775、looking your hard work. Your hard work is worthy of encouragement, but effort does not equal accomplishment. If scholars suddenly discovered that Rembrandt had dashed off The Night Watch in an afternoon, it would still be The Night Watch.I could spend months sweating over my own“paintings”， but Id p
776、roduce something you wouldnt want to hang in your living room or your garage.One feature of a good grading system is that those measured by it generally regard it as fair and reasonablenot the case here. Strong feeling of anger is seldom an aid to education. And so your next step should be to discus
777、s your concerns with your teacher or the principal.作者就一个九年级学生提出的“老师评分标准的问题”阐明了自己的观点。 9When writing the question，the ninthgrader was _.A. annoyed B. worriedC. excited D. delighted答案：A。事实细节题。由首段末尾两句可知，这位九年级的学生为老师的评分标准不能真实反映自己在该科上的努力程度而烦恼，甚至询问这种标准是否道德，故选A。10The underlined word“latitude” in Paragraph 2
778、probably means _.A. difference B. knowledgeC. freedom D. experience答案：C。词义猜测题。由第2段尾句“It is she who has the training and experience to make this decision”可推知答案。11Rembrandts painting is mentioned to show that_.A. theres difference between effort and achievementB. The Night Watch was completed in half
779、a dayC. everybodys hard work should be encouragedD. one is to blame for doing the work in a hurry答案：A。推理判断题。由倒数第3段中的“., but effort does not equal accomplishment”可推知所举例子是为了说明这句话。故选A。12What is the authors attitude towards the grading system of the ninthgraders teacher?A. Supportive. B. Confused. C. Un
780、concerned. D. Unfavorable.答案：D。推理判断题。由第2段首句，第3段首句和尾段首句可推知作者对这位老师的做法持一种不赞成的态度。故选D。易错选C。作者的态度是通过行文过程中的一些带有感情色彩的词汇或短语来表达的，如第2段首句中的unwise，第3段首句中的criticize和尾段首句中的not the case here等，考生必须善于从字里行间领会作者的观点态度。 D(2011皖南八校第三次联考，D)You can love them or hate them, but no matter which tourist destination you visit, c
781、hances are youll see someone with their head buried in a Lonely Planet guidebook.Lonely Planet is one of the worlds largest travel guide brands, publishing more than 500 different guides in eight languages. The popular brand also produces television shows, websites and podcasts(播客) all devoted to tr
782、avel.Some people praise Lonely Planet books because they make traveling easy and affordable. They also save time and make sure you dont miss the best things.They also provide the reviews of hostels(旅社), hotels, restaurants and ticket information about your destination.This can be great if youre a ne
783、rvous traveler，or if you havent traveled by yourself before. If youre in a country where you dont speak the language, sometimes theres nothing better than getting into a taxi and opening up a guidebook. You simply point to a map that directs the taxi driver to a hostel thats cheap and clean, with fr
784、iendly staff and cold beer.But others criticize Lonely Planet and other travel guide publishers like them. They say guidebooks take the fun and spontaneity(自发性) out of traveling，and that part of the enjoyment of travel comes from the fact that anything can happen. They also regret that if you follow
785、 a guidebook，youll end up doing the same thing and having the same experience as everyone else. You might end up seeing the same group of people over and over, because everyone is reading the same book and following the same route.Another criticism of travel guides is that they have a large impact o
786、n local communities. For example, some locals devote their lives to behaving in ways that attract tourists. They pretend to live a traditional lifestyle, wear traditional clothes and live in traditional houses in order to attract the tourist dollar.旅游指南真是让人喜欢让人恨。它在给人们的旅游带来便利的同时也使人们失去了旅游的自发性、冒险性带来的乐趣
787、等。13The Lonely Planet guidebook can bring you the following advantages EXCEPT that _.A. you can speak a foreign language when opening a guidebookB. you can easily find a nice place to stay in a strange cityC. it provides lots of useful information about your destinationD. it can help you save time a
788、nd money when traveling答案：A。事实细节题。由第五段可知B正确；由第四段可知C项正确；由第三段可知D正确；A在文中没有提及。14People criticize the guidebook because _.A. it is not as useful as most travelers expectB. tourist destinations will be crowded if everyone follows the same routeC. travelers may not get the chance to have unexpected adventu
789、resD. local people keep modern lifestyles under its influence答案：C。细节推断题。由第六段中的“.and that part of the enjoyment of travel comes from the fact that anything can happen”可知C正确。15What do we know about the Lonely Planet guidebook from the text?A. Its a worldfamous brand only producing guidebooks for trave
790、lers.B. Its very useful to a person whos nervous about touring an unfamiliar place.C. Its very useful to a tourist who likes to repeat others experiences.D. It is loved by all travelers because of the convenience it brings to travelers.答案：B。事实细节题。由第五段首句“This can be great if youre a nervous traveler.
791、”可知B正确。16Which of the following best shows the structure of the text? ( stand for Paragraph 1Paragraph 7)答案：C。文章结构题。分析文章的段落结构可知C项正确。第一段是引出话题，第二段简要介绍Lonely Planet，三、四、五段叙述的是其有益的一面，六、七段叙述的是其不好的一面，与C项结构示意图吻合。E(2011合肥第三次质检，E)Originally, making 3D film was a way for filmmakers to draw viewers away from t
792、elevision. Over time,3D film dipped in and out of the entertainment industry depending on the ups and downs of the market. By the end of the twentieth century,3D entertainment was most popular at amusement park attractions, including Disneyland and Universal Studios. Eventually, in 1995, digital fil
793、m revolutionized the filmmaking industry when Disney Pixars Toy Story (1995)brought lifelike animation and computer graphics to the big screen. The movies animation embodied the latest technology in computer animation until the release of Oscarwinning Up (2009), which featured popout 3D effects.Fina
794、lly，in December 2009 ，Avatar changed the flourishing landscape of 3D film. Avatar boasts exceptional special effects. Cameron began developing Avatar in 1995 and applied new techniques in 2006, where actors physical movements are transferred to animated characters on the computer screen. Later, in m
795、ovie theaters, Cameron showcased his final product in RealD Cinema, the worlds most popular digital 3D projection system.n a review, blogger Ben Patterson was blown_away by the overall presentation of Avatar. He said it was pretty much impossible to tell what was a digital effect and what was live a
796、ction.本文介绍了3D电影的改革和发展过程。17_ could be the best title of this passage.A. 3D film Draws EyesB. 3D film at DisneylandC. Avatar in RealD cinema D. Revolution and entertainment答案：A。主旨大意题。通读全文可知，文章主要告诉我们3D电影技术方面惊人的发展，故选A。18Filmmakers made 3D film at the very beginning to _.A. attract rich customers in the
797、entertainment marketB. maintain its dominant role in the entertainment fieldC. provide new techniques to the younger generationD. turn more TV viewers into cinemagoers答案：D。 事实细节题。由首段内容可知，3D电影制作的初衷是电影制片人为了把观众对电视的兴趣吸引到电影上。19The new technique of _ was used in“Avatar” in the year of 2006.A. bringing lif
798、elike animation to the large screenB. showing moving computer graphics on the large screenC. transferring actors physical movements to animated charactersD. combining actors gestures with animated characters facial expressions答案：C。事实细节题。由第3段第3句可知，在2006年，新的技术把演员的实际动作转变成了动画。由此可知答案。20The underlined phr
799、ase“blown away” in the last paragraph probably means “_”A. greatly surprised B. extremely angryC. completely defeatedD. carried away by the strong wind答案：A。推理判断题。由文章尾句可知，Ben Patterson认为3D电影中的数码效果和真人演出很难分辨开，所以可推知他是感到吃惊的。(五 )A(2011南京二模，A)French tourist outsmarts Dutch thiefAMSTERDAMA quickthinking Fre
800、nch tourist outsmarted a Dutch thief after the thief tried to seize his bag, Amsterdam police said Wednesday.After winning a brief tugofwar over the sports bag, the 27yearold tourist ran into a nearby police station with the thief in hot pursuit.The thief“realized too late he had run straight into t
801、he_long_arm_of_the_law”，police spokeswoman Wilma Verheij said of the incident，which took place Tuesday.After it dawned on the thief, a 28yearold man whose identity was not released, said that he was in the middle of a police station, so he tried to run away again. But he was quickly caught by office
802、rs and arrested，Verheij said.Liz Taylor remains hospitalizedLOS ANGELESHeart trouble is keeping Elizabeth Taylor hospitalized in Los Angeles for some time, but her publicist says the 78yearold actress is OK and has been visiting with family and friends.Taylors spokeswoman Sally Morrison said in a st
803、atement Tuesday that the twotime Oscar winner is comfortable at CedarsSinai Medical Center and“there has been steady improvement in her condition” since she was admitted last week.Taylor is being treated for symptoms of heart failure, a condition she revealed in November 2004.“Her medical team is sa
804、tisfied by her progress to date, and it is hoped and expected that this will continue over the next few days. For now, she will remain under their care in the hospital for continued monitoring，” Morrison said. “Friends and fans around the world should be convinced that Elizabeth Taylor is in good he
805、alth and receiving the best possible care from her skilled and devoted doctors and nurses.”Morrison described Taylors condition as stable but offered no other details. Japan halts(暂停) whale hunt after chase by protestersTOKYOJapan has halted its annual Antarctic whale hunt following protests from a
806、campaign group. Activists from the Sea Shepherd Conservation Society，a USbased environmental group, have been chasing the Japanese fishing ship.Commercial whaling was banned in 1986 but Japan uses a regulation permitting hunting for scientific research.Iceland and Norway have claimed official object
807、ions to the ban and continue to hunt commercially.“Putting safety as a priority, the ship has halted scientific whaling for now. We are currently considering what to do，” Tatsuya Nakaoku, an official at the fisheries agency, told Reuters news agency.The Sea Shepherd Conservation Society says one of
808、its boats has been blocking the ship loading ramp(斜梯) ，preventing any hunted whales from being loaded on to the ship. “Every whale saved is a victory to us, so weve gotten a lot of victories down here this year，” Sea Shepherd captain Paul Watson told Reuters news agency by satellite phone from the S
809、teve Irwin ship.本文为三则新闻。1The underlined part“the long arm of the law”refers to _ in Amsterdam.A. a travel agency B. a policemanC. a police station D. a police spokeswoman答案：C。词义猜测题。从画线短语的上段段尾的police station可推测出答案为C。2What can we know about Elizabeth Taylor from the news?A. She has been suffering from
810、 heart illness for some years.B. She will go back home in a day or two.C. She is feeling quite well in hospital.D. She will receive her Oscar Award in the hospital.答案：A。事实细节题。从第二则新闻的第3段可知，自2004年11月以来Taylor就患了心脏病，故A项正确。从倒数第2段中的“it is hoped and expected that this will continue over the next few days”，
811、可知B项错误；文中自始至终没有提到Taylor自己的感受，故C项错误；由第2段内容可知Taylor是两度奥斯卡奖得主，而不是将在医院接受颁奖，故D项错误。3Which of the following is NOT true?A. Japanese fishing ships go to the Antarctic for whale hunt every year.B. Iceland and Norway will not stop hunting whales.C. Commercial whale hunt has been banned for about twentyfive ye
812、ars.D. Japan will not hunt whales any more.答案：D。事实细节题。文中只是说日本的捕鲸船被暂时阻止，而没有信息表明日本将不再捕鲸，故D项符合题意要求，为正确答案。从该新闻的第2段可知自1986年以商业为目的的捕鲸禁令颁布以来，日本依然以科研为借口继续捕鲸，故A项是正确的；从第3段可知B项正确；从第2段捕鲸禁令发布的时间是1986年可推知C项正确。综上所述，A、B、C不符合题干中的NOT true的要求。 B(2011南京二模，B)“Choo，Choo！”Here comes the Chunnel train. Get aboard if you wa
813、nt to learn more about this underground transportation system. This is an unusual form of transportation, because it is a tunnel that trains travel through and not an actual form of transportation.The Chunnel is actually the English nickname for the Channel Tunnel. In French，it is called le tunnel s
814、ous la Manche. It is a rail tunnel beneath the English Channel at the Straits of Dover. It connects Cheriton in Kent, England with Sangatte in northern France. It is the second longest rail tunnel in the world.Did you know that the British and the French had a race while they were building the Chunn
815、el? The race was to see who could get to the middle of the tunnel first. The British won by a little bit. It took 15,000 workers over seven years to dig the tunnel. The tunnel was finished in 1994.The completed Chunnel cost about $21 billion. But it all paid off, because it became very popular, very
816、 quick. Millions of people use it. Now it is getting even more popular.There are three complete tunnels in the Chunnel. The two outside ones are the passenger trains. The small inner one is a guidance train. The guidance train is not used for transportation. Each track is exactly parallel to each ot
817、her.There are four different train systems in the Chunnel. The Eurostar is a high speed passenger service that connects London, Paris, Brussels and Lille. The Eurotunnel shuttle is a rail ferry service. These shuttles carry cars and vans. These are railcars that allow drivers to drive their vehicles
818、 on and off. There are also two Eurotunnel goods service trains.Now you know more about the Chunnel. Everybody off，this is the last stop.本文介绍了1994年竣工的横贯多佛海峡连接英法的海底隧道地铁的修建、内在结构及其服务系统。4The Channel Tunnel links _with_.A. London; Paris B. Cheriton; SangatteC. Lille; Brussels D. Dover; Kent答案：B。事实细节题。由第2
819、段倒数第2句“It connects Cheriton in Kent，England with Sangatte in northern France.”可知B项正确。5Which of the following shows the structure of the tunnels in the Chunnel?答案：A。事实细节题。由倒数第3段可知A项正确。6The Eurotunnel shuttle is intended to carry_.A. passengers B. drivers and their vehiclesC. goods D. staff members of
820、 the Chunnel答案：B。事实细节题。由倒数第2段中的“The Eurotunnel shuttle is a rail ferry service.their vehicles on and off”可知B项正确。7The text can most probably be _.A. found in a guidebookB. read in a magazineC. broadcast on a train D. heard in a railwav station 答案：C。推理判断题。文章首尾，尤其是尾段，说明了这是乘坐火车的场景，也暗示了答案。C(2010杭州质检二，C)A
821、ny discussion of English conversation, like any English conversation, must begin with The Weather. And in this spirit of observing traditional rule, I shall quote Dr Johnsons famous comment that “When two English meet, their first talk is of the weather”， and point out that this observation is as ac
822、curate now as it was over two hundred years ago.This, however, is the point at which most people either stop, or try, and fail, to come up with a convincing explanation for the English “addiction” to the weather. They fail because their premise(前提) is mistaken: they assume that our conversations abo
823、ut the weather are conversations about the weather. In other words，they assume that we talk about the weather because we have a keen interest in the subject. Most of them then try to figure out what it is about the English weather that is so fascinating.Bill Bryson，for example, concludes that the En
824、glish weather is not at all fascinating, and that our“addiction” to it is therefore very difficult to explain: “To an outsider，the most striking thing about the English weather is that there is not very much of it. All those phenomena that elsewhere give nature an edge of excitement, unpredictabilit
825、y and dangertornados, monsoons, hailstormsare almost wholly unknown in the British Isles.”Jeremy Paxman takes offence at Brysons comments and argues that the English weather is truly fascinating：Bryson misses the point. The interest is less in the phenomena themselves, but in uncertainty. one of the
826、 few things you can say about England with absolute certainty is that it has a lot of weather. It may not include tropical cyclones but life at the edge of an ocean and the edge of a continent means you can never be entirely sure what youre going to get.My research has convinced me that both Bryson
827、and Paxman are missing the point, which is that our conversations about the weather are not really about the weather at all：English weatherspeak is a form of code, developed to help us overcome our natural reserve (含蓄) and actually talk to each other. Everyone knows, for example, that “Nice day, isn
828、t it？”， “Oh, isnt it cold？”； and other variations on the theme are not requests for weather data: they are greetings or conversationstarters. In other words, English weatherspeak is a form of “cleaning talk”the human equivalent of what is known as “social cleaning” among our primate(灵长类的)cousins, wh
829、ere they spend hours cleaning each others fur, even when they are perfectly clean, as a means of social connection.英国人谈话为什么以谈天气开始，本文作者在对比了两个具有代表性的说法之后提出了自己的见解作为一种社会联系的手段。8According to the author，most peoples explanations for the English love for weather talk are _.A. scientific B. incorrect C. fasci
830、nating D. accurate答案：B。推理判断题。由第2,3,4,5段内容可推断出B项正确。9As is stated in the passsage，most people try to find out _.A. why the English weather is so uniqueB. whether the English enjoy their weatherC. why the English are so interested in the topic of weatherD. whether the English really talk about weather
831、when they do so答案：C。主旨大意题。总览文章可知答案。文章第1段引出话题，从第2段开始就其原因展开探讨。10In Bill Brysons opinion, the English “addiction” to their weather is _.A. understandable B. convincingC. respectable D. unreasonable答案：D。推理判断题。由第3段首句的“it is therefore very difficult to explain”可推知答案。11Disapproving of Bill Brysons opinion，
832、Jeremy Paxman argues that _.A. the English talk about their weather because it is unpredictableB. the English dont talk about weather as often as the outsiders thinkC. the English weather can be as exciting as anywhere elsesD. the English weather talk is merely a form of small talk答案：A。推理判断题。由倒数第3段的
833、“Jeremy Paxman.argues that the English weather is truly fascinating”和倒数第2段第2句but in uncertainty可推知答案。12According to the author, English weatherspeak is similar to primates social cleaning in that they are both _.Aways of greetingBmeans social connectionCfascinating topics between peopleDphenomena di
834、fficult to understand to outsiders答案：B。事实细节题。由尾段尾句可知B项正确。D(2011海淀第二学期期末，D)The Child Ego StateThe Child ego state is a set of behaviors, thoughts and feelings which are replayed from our own childhood.Perhaps the boss calls us into his or her office, we may immediately get a churning in our stomach a
835、nd wonder what we have done wrong. If this were explored we might remember the time the head teacher called us in to tell us off. Of course, not everything in the Child ego state is negative. We might go into someones house and smell a lovely smell and remember our grandmothers house when we were li
836、ttle, and all the same warm feelings we had at six years of age may come flooding back.The Child ego states are constantly being updated. For example, we may meet someone who gives us the permission we needed as a child, and did not get，to be fun and joyous. We may well use that person in our imagin
837、ation when we are stressed to resist our old ways of thinking that we must work longer and longer hours to keep up with everything. We might ask ourselves“I wonder what X would say now. ”Then on hearing the new permissions to relax and take some time out，do just that and then return to the work rene
838、wed and ready for the challenge. Afterwards, rather than blaming ourselves for what we did or did not do, what tends to happen is that we automatically start to give ourselves new permissions and take care of ourselves.Alternatively，we might have had an extremely unpleasant experience yesterday whic
839、h goes into the Child ego state as an antique memory that stands in the way of our growth. Positive experiences will also go into the Child ego state as antique memories. The positive experiences can then be drawn on to remind us that positive things do happen.The process of analyzing personality in
840、 terms of ego states is called structural analysis. It is important to remember that ego states do not have an existence of their own. They are concepts to enable understanding. Therefore it is important to say“I want some fun” rather than“My Child wants some fun”. We may be in our Child ego state w
841、hen we say this,_but saying“I” reminds us to take responsibility for our actions.本文讲述了“the Child ego state”的含义及对一个人行为的影响。13The writer uses two examples in Paragraph 2 in order to _.A. prove the Child ego state is negativeB. explain why we become nervousC. support the idea in Paragraph 1D. introduce
842、the point of Paragraph 3答案：C。推理判断题。从文章结构来看，第2段所举的两个例子是对文章首段观点的阐释，故选C。14By asking“I wonder what X would say now” ，we intend to _.A. blame ourselves B. avoid stressC. keep up with everything D. accept challenges答案：B。推理判断题。由第3段中间的“We may well use that person.Then on hearing the new permissions to relax
843、 and take some time out.”可推知答案。15According to the passage，the Child ego state _.A. exists in ones childhood B. shows ones wisdomC. limits ones thoughts D. influences ones actions答案：D。推理判断题。16The underlined word“this” in the last paragraph refers to _.A. “I want some fun”B. “My Child wants some fun”C
844、. the Child ego state D. structural analysis答案：A。词义猜测题。答案在于文章最后两句，由尾句中的but saying “I” reminds us.可知代词this指代的是上句的“I want some fun”而不是“My Child wants some fun”。E(2011东城练习二，D)People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behavior are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person i
845、s intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive.Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behavior. There are no clear answers yet, but two d
846、istinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”Those who support the“n
847、ature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behavior patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behavior is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme，this theory states that o
848、ur behavior is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts(本能)Proponents of the“nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviorists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will
849、act. A behaviorist, B. F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behavior is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviorists view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behavior.Social
850、ly and politically, the consequences of these two theories are farreaching. In the US ，for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some“nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviorists, on the contrar
851、y, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do. Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human
852、behavior. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behavior lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain.人的个性和行为是天生具有的还是后天形成的？社会学家对此看法不一。17This passage is mainly concerned with _.A. relation between personality and behaviorB. rela
853、tion between behavior and environmentC. different accounts of patterns of human behaviorD. different theories of the formation of human behavior答案：D。主旨大意题。通读全文不难看出，本文主要讨论了人的个性是天生的还是受周围环境的影响而形成的，故选D。18The underlined word“proponents” in Paragraph 2 means _.A. creators B. advisorsC. advocates D. judges
854、答案：C。词义猜测题。本文主要叙述了两种理论拥护者之间的辩论，所以应选C(拥护者)。19In Paragraph 5, the author mainly writes about _.A. the considerable influence of the two theoriesB. differences between the blackes and whites C. racial discrimination in the United StatesD. different responds to intelligence tests答案：A。主旨大意题：第5段首先告诉我们，这两种
855、理论在社会上和政治上都有深远的意义，接着用事例论证了这种理论，故答案为A。20Whats the authors purpose in writing the passage? A. To call our attention to the changes of human behavior.B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science.C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behavior. D. To present an argument in the fiel
856、d of social science. 答案：D。推理判断题。本文主要叙述了社会学家对于人的个性和行为的形成的不同观点，以及他们精辟的剖析，故答案为D。(六)A(2011东北三省四市联考，B) Youre in a department store and you see a couple of attractive young women looking at a sweater. You listen to their conversation: “I cant believe itLorenzo Bertolla! They are almost impossible to find.
857、 Isnt it beautiful? And its a lot cheaper than the one Sara bought in Rome.” They leave and you go over to see this incredible sweater. Its nice and the price is right. Youve never heard of Lorenzo Bertolla, but those girls looked really stylish. They must know. So，you buy it. You never realize that
858、 those young women are employees of an advertising agency. They are actually paid to go from store to store, talking loudly about Lorenzo Bertolla clothes.Every day we notice what people are wearing, driving and eating. If the person looks cool, the product seems cool, too. This is the secret of und
859、ercover marketing. Companies from Ford to Nike are starting to use it.Undercover marketing is important because it reaches people that dont pay attention to traditional advertising. This is particularly true of the MTV generationconsumers between the age of 18 and 34. Its a golden group. They have a
860、 lot of money to spend，but they dont trust ads.So advertising agencies hire young actors to“perform” in bars and other places where young adults go. Some people might call this practice misleading, but marketing executive Jonathan Ressler calls it creative. “Look at traditional advertising. Its effe
861、ctiveness is decreasing. ”It is true，because everyone knows an ad is trying to persuade you to buy something. However，you dont know when a conversation you overhear is just a performance.本文是说明文。介绍了一种新的很有创意的开发市场的广告形式。1The two attractive young women were talking so as to _.A. get the sweater at a lowe
862、r priceB. be heard by people aroundC. be admired by other shoppers D. decide on buying the sweater答案：B。事实细节题。由第二段可知，她们其实是商家请的广告职员，目的就是通过大声讨论商品吸引顾客对其商品的关注和兴趣，故选B。2Lorenzo Bertolla is _.A. a very popular male singer B. an advertising agencyC. a clothing company in Rome D. the brand name of clothes答案：D
863、。事实细节题。由第一段中的looking at a sweater和第二段最后的Lorenzo Bertolla clothes可知，这是一个服装品牌。3What can we infer from the passage?A. Traditional advertising will soon disappear in the market.B. The MTV generation tends to be more easily influenced by all kinds of ads.C. That traditional advertising is too direct may
864、lead to its decreasing effectiveness.D. Undercover marketing will surely be banned soon by the government.答案：C。推理判断题。由尾段中的“Look at traditional advertising.Its effectiveness is decreasing.”可知答案。A项说法无根据；根据第四段的一、二句可排除B项；D项说法在文中无事实依据，也过于武断，故被排除。4Which of the following would be the best title for the pas
865、sage?A. Two Attractive Shoppers B. Lorenzo Bertolla SweatersC. Ways of Advertising D. Undercover Marketing答案：D。主旨大意题。总览文章可知，文章主要讲述了商家雇请广告员工来吸引顾客的新的广告模式undercover marketing，即秘密营销。B(2011东城练习二，B)This is an open letter to the three people who stole my handbag from the department store where I am employe
866、d as a shop assistant.When you took my bag，I dont know what you thought you were going to get. With my wages，theres not much left on a Tuesday. I hope the 5 was useful to you. I have informed the social security office so you wont be able to cash the child benefit next week. I hope that wont leave y
867、ou too short，but if you really need a couple of pounds，I suppose you could always cash one of the two checks left in my check book. Of course, I phoned the bank right away and the checkcashing card is no longer valid, so it wont be much use to you.Actually I dont mind about the money too much. We si
868、ngle parents who work to support our families understand only too well what it means to be short of cash. However, I dont suppose it went very far among the three of you. Sorry about that!I wish you had left the bag behind and just taken the wallet and check book. There were all kinds of papers in i
869、t，and notes and things that I really need. I really think that was very inconsiderate of you. I mean，how would you like something like that to happen to you?Well，perhaps the bag will turn up. It wasnt even an expensive one，just a plain, old brown leather shoulder bag. You probably dumped it in the n
870、earest rubbish bin or threw it into the bushes. Weve looked around, of course, but no one saw which way you went after you left the shop.Im not really angry with you. I know how the pressures of modern living can affect us, but I am sad at the loss of my personal things. I feel violated and helpless
871、. The police were very icy，and they just shrugged (耸) their shoulders. “It happens all the time，” they told me. Some small comfort, I suppose. But Ive lost just a little more faith in human nature. And as my young son said when I told him what had happened, “Why? Mummy, why us？” I couldnt answer tha
872、t question. I wonder if you can.这是一位手提包被盗的单亲母亲写给小偷的公开信，既表达了对这种偷盗行为的不理解，又委婉地进行了谴责。5In writing Paragraph 2，the writer wants to _.A. describe the contents of the bag in detailB. give some suggestions to the three thievesC. tell the thieves hardly any money was availableD. state the fact that she was ca
873、reless with the money答案：C。推理判断题。第2段解释了自己已向银行等相关机构挂失，不难看出小偷可用的钱很少，由此可知答案。6Which of the following is the most valuable to the writer?A. The cash in her bag.B. The papers and notes in the bag.C. The handbag itself. D. The check books in the bag.答案：B。事实细节题。由第4段第2句可知，包里有不同种类的文件、笔记和失主真正需要的东西。由最后一段第2句perso
874、nal things可知对作者最有价值的东西是文件和笔记。7What can we conclude about the police?A. They have doubts about human nature.B. They show sympathy for the woman.C. They think the case quite common.D. They are unable to find the thieves.答案：C。 推理判断题。由尾段第4句可知，警察认为这种事情一直都在发生，故推知选C。 8Why does the author write the letter?A
875、. To give the thieves a serious warning.B. To complain about the fall of morality.C. To call peoples attention to their belongings.D. To express her affection for her valuable bag.答案：B。主旨大意题。由文章内容可知，失主叙述了自己丢包的无助以及对这种偷窃行为的抱怨和谴责，由此可知答案为B(抱怨社会道德的沦丧)。C(2011武汉四月调测，B)When it comes to your skin，there is an
876、 extremely important fact that you must keep in mind：Your skin is the largest organ of your body. As an obvious result, skin health and maintenance (保养) is vital. Your skin does everything from protecting you from the elements to assisting you with breathing. Your skin keeps_your_body_hydrated and r
877、egulates your bodys temperature. In the end, this really is only the beginning of all of the various vital functions that your skin provides to you.Despite the extreme importance of a persons skin，the reality is that many people simply do not pay much attention to issues relationg to the health of t
878、heir skin. With that in mind, there are some prime tips and pointers that you must always keep in mind when it comes to the health and protection of your skin.Protection against harmful rays from the sun is one of the most important steps that you need to take. With this in mind it is vitally import
879、ant that you make certain you use solid protection when you go out into the sun.Your diet also has a direct effect on the health of your skin. The most important aspect of your diet in relation to the health of your skin is to make certain that you eat a proper amount of food items that contain the
880、proteins and nutrients necessary for cellular maintenance, repair and regeneration(再生). With this in mind, your skin cells actually rely on a sufficient amount of carbohydrates.Water is also important to the health of your skin. While you certainly have heard it before, it actually is true that you
881、should drink at least eight 8ounce glasses of fresh and pure water every day. There are many health benefits you can get from drinking water daily, including maintaining healthy skin.Finally, when it comes to the health of your skin today and into the future you should avoid smoking all together. In
882、 addition, you should drink alcohol only in moderation. Both smoking and too much alcohol consumption can negatively affect the health of your skin in significant ways.皮肤是我们身体最大的器官。本文作者就如何保养皮肤给出了一些实用的建议。9The underlined part in the first paragraph probably means “_”A. prevent your body from becoming
883、dryB. make your body take in waterC. let your body keep smoothD. have your body stay warm答案：A。词义猜测题。由上文内容以及常识判断，皮肤在保持身体的水分和温度方面起很大的作用，故画线部分的含义是阻止身体变干燥。10How many tips does the writer give to protect the skin?A. 3. B4. C5. D6答案：C。事实细节题。从第3段到第6段，总共给了5条建议(避免太阳曝晒、饮食、喝水、抽烟、饮酒)。11Which of the following ca
884、n help maintain the health of skin?A. Drink as much water as possible every day.B. Use solid protection when going out into the sun.C. Never drink alcohol.D. Smoke less.答案：B。事实细节题。由第3段内容可知选B。A中的as much water as possible错误，由尾段可知C、D错误。12Which can be used as the title of the passage?A. Skinthe Largest
885、Organ of Our BodyB. Tips for Soft and Smooth SkinC. Good Habits and Skin HealthD. How to Keep Our Skin Healthy答案：D。主旨大意题。文章前两段叙述了皮肤对身体的重要性，第3段到第6段介绍了如何保养皮肤的一些建议，故选D。A范围太大；B是如何使皮肤柔软光滑的建议；C是好习惯和皮肤健康的关系。D(2011南京二模，D)In 1890 William James, the American philosopher and physician and one of the founders o
886、f modern psychology, defined psychology as “the science of mental life” and this definition provides a good starting point for our understanding even today. We all have a mental life and therefore have some idea about what this means, even though it can be studied in rats or monkeys as well as in pe
887、ople and the concept remains difficult to understand.Like most psychologists, William James was particularly interested in human psychology，which he thought consisted of certain basic elements: thoughts and feelings, a physical world which exists in time and space，and a way of knowing about these th
888、ings. For each of us, this knowledge is primarily personal and private. It comes from our own thoughts ，feelings and experience of the world, and may or may not be influenced by scientific facts about things. For this reason, it is easy for us to make judgements about psychological matters using our
889、 own experience as a standard. We behave as amateur psychologists when we offer opinions on complex psychological phenomena. However, problems arise when two people understand these things differently. Formal psychology attempts to provide methods for deciding which explanations are most likely to b
890、e correct, or for determining the circumstances under which each applies. The work of psychologists helps us distinguish between inside information，which is subjective, and may be prejudiced and unreliable, and the facts：between our predictions and what is“true” in scientific terms.Psychology, as de
891、fined by William James, is about the mind or brain, but although psychologists do study the brain, we do not understand nearly enough about its workings to be able to comprehend the part that it plays in the experience and expression of our hopes, fears, and wishes，or in our behaviour during experie
892、nces as varied as giving birth or watching a football match. Indeed, it is rarely possible to study the brain directly. So, psychologists have discovered more by studying our behaviour, and by using their observations to obtain hypotheses(假设) about what is going on inside us.本文主要讲述的是对心理学这一概念的定义和理解。1
893、3The first paragraph is mainly about _.A. the founder of modern psychologyB. the definition of psychologyC. the complexity of psychologyD. the influence of psychology答案：B。主旨大意题。由首段首句中的“.defined psychology asthe science of mental life.”和尾句中的“the concept remains difficult to understand”可知本段主要说的是心理学的定义
894、，故选B。14From Paragraph 2, we can know that problems arise because _.A. of the difference between inside information and the factsB. of different thoughts and feelings about psychologyC. people usually make judgements based on their own ideasD. amateur psychologists cannot use scientific terms答案：C。事实细
895、节题。总览第2段中的内容可知，问题的出现是由于人们通常是基于自己的想法作出判断，因而会见仁见智，故选C。15According to the passage, psychologists study the brain mainly_.A. in a direct way B. with their own experienceC. by observing how it works D. by watching peoples behaviour答案：D。事实细节题。由第3段尾句“So，psychologists have discovered more by studying our be
896、haviour，and by using their observations to obtain hypotheses about what is going on inside us.”可知D项正确。16Which of the following can be the first sentence in the fourth paragraph?A. Psychology is also about the ways people use their mental abilities to operate in the world around them.B. William James
897、 is considered to be the greatest psychologist in the 1890s.C. Psychology suggests that living beings adapt to a changing environment so that they can survive.D. It is important for psychologists，as well as ordinary people，to be aware of the reasons.答案：A。推理判断题。从语篇结构可知，第1段引出心理学的概念，第2段谈论心理学的构成要素以及就同一问
898、题产生歧义的原因，第3段说的是研究心理学的方法是研究人的行为，按行文逻辑推理第4段应该是谈论心理学也是关于人们把脑力应用到他们周围的世界的方式。故选A。E(2011江西九校联考，E)Being sociable looks like a good way to add years to your life. Relationships with family, friends, neighbors，even pets, will all do the trick, but the biggest longevity (长寿) boost seems to come from marriage
899、or an equivalent relationship. The effect was first noted in 1858 by William Farr，who wrote that widowers(鳏夫) were at a much higher risk of dying than their married peers. Studies since then suggest that marriage could add as much as seven years to a mans life and two to a womans. The effect holds f
900、or all causes of death，whether illness, accident or selfharm.Even if the odds are stacked against you, marriage can more than compensate. Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man w
901、ith a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man who doesnt smoke. Theres a flip_side，however，as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouses death，and caring for a spouse with m
902、ental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems. Even so, the odds favour marriage. In a 30year study of more than 10,000 people，Nicholas Christakis of Harvard Medical School describes how all kinds of social networks have similar effects.So how does it work? The effects are compl
903、ex，affected by socioeconomic factors，healthservice provision ，emotional support and other more physiological (生理的)mechanisms. For example，social contact can boost development of the brain and immune system，leading to better, health and less chance of depression later in life. People in supportive re
904、lationships may handle stress better. Then there are the psychological benefits of a supportive partner.A life partner，children and good friends are all recommended if you aim to live to 100. The ultimate social network is still being mapped out, but Christakis says：“People are interconnected，so the
905、ir health is interconnected.”善于交际和拥有良好的婚姻关系和社会关系网络是长寿的良方。17Linda Waites studies support the idea that _.A. older men should quit smoking to stay healthyB. marriage can help make up for ill healthC. the married are happier than the unmarriedD. unmarried people are likely to suffer in later life答案：B。事
906、实细节题。由第2段第2、3句“Linda Waite of the University of Chicago has found that a married older man with heart disease can expect to live nearly four years longer than an unmarried man with a healthy heart. Likewise, a married man who smokes more than a pack a day is likely to live as long as a divorced man
907、who doesnt smoke.”可知答案。18It can be inferred from the context that the “flip side” (Line 5, Para. 2) refers to _.A. the disadvantages of being marriedB. the emotional problems arising from marriageC. the responsibility of taking care of ones familyD. the consequence of a broken marriage答案：A。推理判断题。由第2
908、段后半部分的“as partners are more likely to become ill or die in the couple of years following their spouses death, and caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.” 可推断出说的是婚姻的副作用，故答案为A。19What does the author say about social networks?A. They have effects s
909、imilar to those of a marriage.B. They help develop peoples community spirit.C. They provide timely support for those in need.D. They help relieve people of their lifes burdens.答案：A。推理判断题。由尾段内容可推知A项正确。20What can be inferred from the last paragraph?A. Its important that we develop a social network whe
910、n young.B. To stay healthy，one should have a proper social network.C. Getting a divorce means risking a reduced life span.D. We should share our social networks with each other.答案：B。推理判断题。由尾段尾句“People are interconnected, so their health is interconnected.(人们是相互关联的，健康也是如此)”可推断出B项正确。(七)A(2011西城二模，A)On
911、 Christmas morning, I went to the Cockhedge Mall. People there were all busy buying their last minute requirements. I needed to buy a birthday card for my soninlaw whose birthday is the 29th of December. Picking up a few more things as well as my cared I went to join the line for the express checkou
912、t which was for people who only had a few items in a basket and not a trolley load. This line was next to the Customer Service Desk.Seemingly waiting quite a long time，I was jogged out of my thoughts by a voice behind me making comments on the things I bought.It was so funny when I realized that she
913、 was describing the contents of my basket. The owner of the voice was a very pretty young lady. I said to her that I was going to buy a box of Christmas cookies but the only ones left were not to my liking. The lady told me that just opposite Cockhedge in Superdrug they had lots of cookies. I said,
914、Im not going to bother now. I had enough of shops and Im going home.The assistant from the Customer Service came across at this time, saying, “If there is anyone in the line with a few items in their basket, none of which needed to be weighed, I will check out their groceries at the desk.” Because I
915、 had the sprouts which needed to be weighted, the young lady accepted the offer and walked away waving goodbye.Eventually my turn came at the checkout. I was walking away when I met my new friend once again who handed me a beautiful box of Christmas cookies. With a big hug she said “Hope you have a
916、lovely Christmas.” She had been into Superdrug to buy me the cookies while I was still queuing in Cockhedge.What a generosity to a stranger! I was so surprised you could have knocked me down with a feather. My Good Samaritan would never know what a joyful Christmas day I had with my family. Telling
917、them this story, as we ate around the table, kept everyone spellbound.圣诞购物时，一位陌生的女士在排队交款时的闲聊中知道“我”想买圣诞甜饼而这家店里没有，她为“我”推荐了一家商店，见“我”没有时间去买，就主动买来给“我”。小小的慷慨之举温暖人心，令人感到快乐。1The underlined word “spellbound” in the last paragraph probably means_.A. interested B. disappointed C. astonished D. frightened答案：A。词
918、义猜测题。由尾段内容可知，在就餐时“我”给家人说起这件事时，他们都很感兴趣。故选A。2Which of the following could be the best title of the story?A. A Piece of Lucky Feather B. A Surprise Christmas GiftC. The Boring Shopping Experience D. The Unforgettable Big Hug答案：B。主旨大意题。由本文尤其是尾段描述可知B项作为标题最能体现文章主旨。3How does the writer feel about the prett
919、y young lady?A. Worried. B. Satisfied. C. Grateful. D. Proud. 答案：C。由尾段前两句尤其是第一句“What a generosity to a stranger！”可知作者对那位女士是心怀感激的(grateful)。4What can we learn from the story?A. Nobody is sure what will happen the next moment.B. A simple action can bring other people happiness.C. Being patient will de
920、crease the waiting time.D. Life without hope and faith is a full thing.答案：B。推理判断题。本题实际考查文章主旨：小小的慷慨之举温暖人心，令人感到快乐。故选B。B(2011西城二模，B)Count Me OutCall me oldfashioned. Call me old. Call me what you want, but refuse to become part of this new Internet world.I do not possess a computer at home or at the of
921、fice. Actually，I stopped going to an office 35 years ago, when all communications were done with a pen, a typewriter, or，if the matter was of worldshaking importance, over the telephone. Likewise, if you like something advertised in a newspaper or magazine, you visited the shop selling it at the giv
922、en address, or you phoned the number shown. Then you spoke to the fellow and asked for further details.Tell me what you think of the following ad that appeared the other day in the newspaper. It was for a cure for cancer and this is what it said: “Awareness is the key. Visit spfulford. com at the aw
923、areness site.” There was no address or telephone number for the site. So what do unfortunate people without a computer do it when they are seeking a cure for their illness?There are, I am told, certain advantages in having access to the Internet. You can, for example, send love messages across the w
924、orld or even get married to someone that you meet online. This bit doesnt interest me；I have been happily married for 60 years. There are，of course, other activities for Internet users besides finding love. They can pay bills, order groceries, or discuss with their doctors.And this is by no means al
925、l. More amazing things are yet to come in the near future. I read a newspaper report recently that quoted Stephen Hawking, an important British scientist. “The complexity of a computer as it exists today is probably less than the brain of an earthworm，” he said. “But, as technology advances, compute
926、rs will become more complex, and a time may come when the Internet may develop consciousness. In other words，the Internet will be able to think, have feelings, and may well be able to act on its own.” If Professor Hawking is right, I may change my attitude about conjurers. As I grow older each day,
927、I would like one of those that not only thinks for me but also accepts responsibilities for all my mistakes.本文描述了一位老人对电脑和网络的态度。5Whats the meaning of the title “Count Me Out” ?A. Get me out of the Internet world.B. Computers are trying to take control of life.C. Modern technology pushes old people aw
928、ay.D. Do not expect me to be a supporter of the Internet.答案：D。主旨大意题。由首、尾段可知答案。6According to Paragraph 2，the author thinks computers are _.A. unnecessary B. convenientC. expensive D. advanced 答案：A。推理判断题。由第二段可知，作者认为多少年来没有电脑也一样什么都能做到，认为没有必要使用电脑。故选A。7What might the author like about the future computer?
929、A. Taking blames. B. Curing illnesses.C. Delivering messages.D. Responding to emotions. 答案：A。推理判断题。由尾段尾句“As I grow older each day, I would like one of those that not only thinks for me but also accepts responsibilities for all my mistakes.”可推知A项正确。C(2011福建质检，D)ITS SUMMER ! Get out and enjoy itSummer
930、 is here and the weather is beautiful, providing a wealth of opportunities to enjoy outdoor activities. During the summer months, Edmonton and its surrounding areas become filled with an energy that makes physical activity the perfect companion.HIKING is a great workout for any part of the body. It
931、helps to burn those calories(卡路里) from the latenight campfire food.Keeping enough water in the body is very important, especially in the heat of the summer when your body is losing water due to sweating. Carry your water bottle with you in a water carrier that fits on your body like a small backpack
932、. For further information on hiking, visit www. fitfrog, ca. BIKING is a great workout that brings many health benefits. Take your bike with you on a holiday and you will cover far more ground than you would on foot! Bike rentals are inexpensive and it is a great way to enjoy the scenery of your vac
933、ation destination. Be sure to wear a helmet, and if you enjoy biking at night，be sure to use a light on your bike.Edmonton has 260km of bikeways with its boundaries，making it the most largest bikeway network in North America. Visit www. edmonton, ca.TEAM SPORTS are an excellent way to burn calories
934、and stay fit while having fun with others. It is a chance for you to meet new people and build a social support network that will help you to stay motivated during the summer months.A team sport to try this summer is Frisbee(飞盘). The Edmonton Association runs all the year round. For more information
935、 about joining a summer Frisbee league, visit www. edmontonfrisbee, org.TAI CHI includes a number of gentle movements and simple postures(姿势) designed to relieve stress，improve balance and ability to suit various situations, and promote overall wellbeing. The mental and physical benefits Tai Chi pro
936、vides make it an activity for people of all ages and all levels of fitness.For further information about classes, please visit www. edmontontaichi, ca.本文为夏天在北美可参与的四项户外活动的广告。8From the ad，we can inter that if you want to go biking _.A. you can only do it during a holidayB. you cant do it at late hours
937、 of the nightC. you are not allowed to ride on the streetsD. you do not necessarily have a bike of your own答案：D。事实细节题。由第四段中的“Bike rentals are inexpensive.”可知D项正确。9Which of the following offers information about sports that need cooperation?A. www. fitfrog. ca.B. www. edmonton. ca.C. www. edmontonfri
938、sbee. org.D. www. edmontontaichi. ca.答案：C。事实细节题。由倒数第三段“A team sport to try this summer is Frisbee (飞盘)”和段尾网址可知C项正确。10Which of the following is TRUE according to the ad?A. People can take up Frisbee any season.B. Edmonton has bikeways all over America.C. People can only take online classes for Tai Ch
939、i.D. Hiking helps to gain energy from campfire food.答案：A。事实细节题。由倒数第三段首句“A team sport to try this summer is Frisbee (飞盘). The Edmonton Association runs all the year around.”可知A项正确。由第五段“Edmonton has 260km of bikeways with its boundaries”可知B项错误；文中涉及太极的倒数第二段中没有说是网上授课，故C项错误；由第二段尾句“It helps to burn those
940、calories (卡路里) from the latenight campfire food.”可知D项中的gain错误。11According to the ad，which of the following outdoor activities is suitable for a family of three generations?AHiking. BBiking.CTeam sports. DTai Chi.答案：D。推理判断题。由倒数第二段尾句可推断出D项正确。D(2011合肥第二次质检，E)Fujitsu, a Japanese technology company, has
941、created a system capable of simultaneously (同时地)charging multiple portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, digital cameras and laptop computers without the need for cable connections.Electric car users may also eventually be able to charge their vehicles wirelessly using the same technolog
942、y, said the company, which developed a sample system at Osaka Prefecture University. Claiming to be the worlds first of its kind，the technology works on the basis of the transmission of electricity using magnetic fields between the charger and the electronic device.The system enables wireless chargi
943、ng at distances of up to several meters. With the final aim of installing public “charging spots” on the streets in order to enable easy charging around the clock, scientists at Fujitsu Labs are planning to commercially sell products incorporating the new wireless charging system as early as 2012 bu
944、t have not yet decided how much they would cost. “This technology paves the way to integrating compact wireless charging functions into mobile phones and enabling multiple portable devices to be charged simultaneously without any restrictions on their position relating to the charger，” the company s
945、aid in a statement. Mobile phone users in Japan can currently charge their batteries using the disposable portable plugin batteryoperated device, available at most train stations and convenience stores. However, phone companies warn long time use of it can damage the phones.The company added, “We ar
946、e also looking at applying the results of this work to fields other than portable electronics, including power transmission between circuit boards (电路板) or computer chips, and providing mobile charging systems for electric cars.” 日本的一家公司发明了一种无线充电系统，利用该充电器和用电器之间的磁场充电。 12This passage most probably tak
947、en from _.A. an instructive brochureB. readers feedbackC. a news reportD. a brief introduction 答案：C。推理判断题。从文章的内容可推断出这是一则新闻报道，报道了一项日本新的无线充电技术。另外此类题也可借助常识利用排除法解题。13Which of the following can best describe the striking feature of this system?A. It enables wireless charging at distances of up to several
948、 miles.B. It enables you to charge your device very easily beside the clock.C. It is wireless and makes multiple charging at the same time.D. It can be bought at any formal supermarkets in the city.答案：C。事实细节题。由第二段首句中的关键词charge their vehicles wirelessly和倒数第三段中的wireless charging.可知C项正确。14The underline
949、d word “it” in paragraph 5 refers to_.A. the device B. the systemC. the phone D. the battery答案：A。词义猜测题。由倒数第二段可知，it指代的是它前面的the disposable portable plugin batteryoperated device，故选A。15The best title for the text would be _.A. Fujitsu, a famous Japanese companyB. Power transmission between circuit boar
950、dsC. New wireless charging system developedD. Mobile phones damaged by charging答案：C。主旨大意题。本文主题很明确，就是介绍日本新研发的一种无线充电系统。E(2011厦门适应性考试，E)The Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest of the United States. At the time of the Lewis and Clark expedition(远征队), which was one of the fi
951、rst journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coast to the Pacific coast and back again, the Nez Perce territory(领土) covered about 17 million acres, covering parts of Washington, Oregon, and Idaho. But that was a brief sweet history.In September 1805, when Lewis and Clark came off the Rockies on their
952、 westward journey, the entire exploring party was hungry and illtoo weak to defend themselves. Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them, they could have put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks of Clearwater River. Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked a
953、fter them until they made a full recovery. Thus began a long friendship between the Nez Perce and white Americans. But white mens greed for land and gold finally broke the friendship.In 1855 Governor Isaac Stevens of Washington Territory invited the Nez Perce to a peace conference. He said there wer
954、e a great many white people in the country, and many more would come. But the chief of the tribe at that time, Old Joseph, replied, “Take away your paper. I will not touch it with my hand.”Things were quiet for a while after that, but not for long. When Old Joseph died, the chiefship was passed onto
955、 Young Joseph. In the late 1870s, government officials came to order the Nez Perce to leave the Wallowa Valley and then began hard battles between the Nez Perce and the white soldiers. After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles towards Canada in an attempt to retreat (撤退) nort
956、h, Young Joseph, gave in to the United States Army. Here was his famous statement, “Hear me my chiefs. I am tired; my heart is sick and sad. From where the sun now stands I will fight no more forever.”In 1885, Chief Joseph was sent along with many of his band to the Colville Reservation in Washingto
957、n where Joseph continued to lead his band for another 25 years, at times coming into conflict with the leaders of 11 other tribes living on the reservation. 本文讲述了印第安部落The Nez Perce与白人的恩怨。16. What is TRUE of the Lewis and Clark expedition?A. They were well cared for by the Nez Perce.B. They ended the
958、ir expedition on the banks of Clearwater River.C. They started the first battle with the Nez Perce.D. They were the first Americans to travel from the Atlantic to the Pacific.答案：A。推理判断题。由第二段第三句话“Instead the Nez Perce welcomed the white Americans and looked after them until they made a full recovery.
959、 ”可知，the Nez Perce照顾探险队直到他们完全康复，因此A项正确；第二段第二句话“Had the Nez Perce chosen to attack them, they could have put an end to the Lewis and Clark expedition there on the banks of Clearwater River.”是虚拟语气，是假设，所以B项错误；C项错误，文中找不到根据；由第一段第二句话“.which was one of the first journeys by Americans from the Atlantic coas
960、t to the Pacific coast and back again.”可知，D项错误，是最早之一而不是第一次。17. What ended the friendship between the Nez Perce and the Whites?A. Old Josephs proud manner.B. The breakdown of the peace talk.C. A growing number of white men in the land.D. White mens increasing demand for land and gold.答案：D。细节理解题。由第三段第
961、二句话“But white mens greed for land and gold finally broke the friendship.”可知，白人的贪婪破坏了他们的友谊。18Young Joseph gave in at last because _.A. he grew olderB. he was terribly illC. he hated the warD. he lost other chiefs support答案：C。推理判断题。由第五段最后Joseph说的话可知，他对战争厌倦了。19. Which map most probably shows the path t
962、he Nez Perce took in the late 1870s?答案：A。识图理解题。由第一段第一句话“The Nez Perce Indians are a tribe that lived in the Pacific Northwest of the United States.”和第五段“After the tribe had fought thirteen battles and moved 1,600 miles towards Canada in an attempt to retreat (撤退) north”可知，The Nez Perce Indians是从美国西北
963、部向北朝加拿大方向撤退，因此A图正确。20. The passage might be followed by a paragraph about _.A. the customs and traditions of the Nez Perce IndiansB. the last years of Chief Joseph in the Colville ReservationC. lasting fights between the Nez Perce and the whitesD. constant conflicts between the Nez Perce and other t
964、ribes解析：B。推理判断题。文章后三段讲的是部落首领Joseph，因此接下来会讲他在保留地里的最后的生活。(八)A(2011漳州质检，A)Doctors at a Boston hospital last week performed the first full face transplant in the US, attaching a donor face to a 25yearold man whose face was severely burned when his head touched a highvoltage(高压的) line three years ago.A t
965、eam of more than 30 surgeons and nurses worked for about 15 hours to transplant the forehead, nose, lips, facial skin, underlying muscles and the nerves that power them and provide sensation(知觉) from a donor to Wiens, whose head came in contact with a highvoltage line on Nov. 13, 2008.Bohdan Pomahac
966、, the surgeon, said the team was not able to bring back Wienss eyesight. But Wiens should be able to regain up to 90 percent of normal sensation on the right side of his forehead, right cheek, most of his upper lip and his entire lower lip. Nerve damage was too great for there to be more than tiny s
967、ensation in the left check and left forehead, Pomahac said. Doctors say the goal of the operation was to improve Wienss ability to breathe, eat and talk and restore his faces social expression. When Wiens recovers, he will not look like he once did, nor will he look like the donor, but “probably som
968、ewhere in the middle，” Pomahac said. The match between the donor and the recipient (接受者) was made based on race, similar age and blood type, etc. Pomahac said he was worried the operation would not be successful when he first saw Wiens. His injuries were covering so large that doctors werent sure th
969、ere were enough remaining nerves or structures to connect to a new face.Pomahac said he was determined to try his best because of what a patient with similar injuries had told him some years ago. That patient had numerous surgeries(外科手术), with only modest results. When Pomahac asked why the patient
970、sought repeated surgery, he told the doctor, “I just want a taxi to stop when Im waiting for one.”美国波士顿医院上周成功进行了第一例面部全换手术。1. The first paragraph serves as a _.A. conclusion B. comment C. leadin D. background答案：C。推理判断题。由全文可知，第一段是导入。2. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage
971、?A. Wienss nerve damage was too great in the left check.B. The left side of Wienss cheek should be able to regain. C. The donors head touched a highvoltage line 3 years ago.D. Pomahac was sure that the surgery would succeed at first.答案：A。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话“Nerve damage was too great for there to be mor
972、e than tiny sensation in the left check and left forehead.”可知，Wiens左侧神经伤害如此大以至于他面部左侧无法恢复，所以A项正确而B项错误；由第一段可知，Wiens而非捐献者在三年前头部碰到了高压线，所以C项错误；由第六段第一句话“Pomahac said he was worried the operation would not be successful when he first saw Wiens.”可知，Pomahac并不确信手术是否会成功，所以D项错误。3We can learn from the passage wh
973、en Wiens recovers, he will look like _.A. what he used to be B. the donorC. Bohdan Pomahac D. the donor in some way答案：D。细节理解题。由第五段第一句话“When Wiens recovers, he will not look like he once did, nor will he look like the donor, but probably somewhere in the middle，”可知，手术后Wiens既不会像自己的过去，也不会像捐献者，而是两者的结合，所
974、以他会长得有点像Wiens，也有点像捐献者。4We can infer from the last paragraph that Pomahacs former patient _. A. experienced many surgeries with good effect B. suffered a lot because of his uglylooking face C. wanted a taxi to stop when he was waiting for oneD. had a strong determination to bring back his eyesight 答案
975、：B。推理判断题。由最后一段“.with only modest results”可知，那位病人的手术不很成功；再由病人的话可推知，该病人拦出租车时，出租车司机都不敢停车，因为病人长得太丑了。C项本身正确，但是不选，因为该项不是推理出来的，而是文章直接提到的。B (2011宁德质检，B)TOEFL stands for Test of English as a Foreign Language, which assesses the proficiency (熟练) of English language of a person in an academic setting. Various
976、institutions, scholarship programs require this test as a trusted and effective indicator of a persons ability to communicate in English.TOEFL is available in CBTComputerbased Technology, PBTPaperbased Technology and IBTInternetbased Test formats(形式)to assess the proficiency of English Language. IBT
977、 TOEFL is a fourhour test comprising sections: Reading, Listening, Speaking and Writing. In areas where internetbased test is not available, a paperbased test (PBT) is given. PBT is a threehour test comprising four sections: Listening, Structure and Written Expression, Reading Comprehension and Writ
978、ing.Taking TOEFL test opens many doors to get admission in foreign universities. More than 7,500 colleges, universities and agencies in more than 130 countries rely on TOEFL test scores to check proficiency for English Language. It is very convenient to take this test and it is available in 165 coun
979、tries world wide.It measures your academic skills that whether you are ready to study or train at under graduate or post graduate level in foreign universities or not. In the test candidates are provided with a passage from text books and questions based on lectures, and you can be asked to speak or
980、 write in response related to that passage.As the test is made up of 100 % academic questions, so many universities consider it the most effective test, while taking any admission. To take TOEFL test you should：Improve your writing skills；Improve your vocabulary；Practice other reading passages on th
981、e TOEFL Test；Be familiar with the format of the test；Practice for listening test on the TOEFL test.To take admission in Worlds famous Harvard University, the minimum TOEFL score required is 587 on the paperbased test, 240 on the computerbased test, or 9495 on the internetbased TOEFL.你知道托福考试吗？本文为你一一道
982、来。5. The underlined word “comprising” in Paragraph 2 probably means _. A. including B. forming C. combining D. explaining答案：A。猜测词义题。所在句句意：IBT TOEFL是一个需要四个小时的包括听说读写四个模块的考试。所以是包括的意思。6. Which section is NOT included in IBT TOEFL?A. Reading. B. Writing. C. Speaking. D. Structure and Written Expression.答
983、案：D。细节理解题。由第二段第二句话“IBT TOEFL is a fourhour test comprising sections: Reading, Listening, Speaking and Writing.”可知，无D项内容。7According to the passage, many students are required to take TOEFL test probably because the test can_.A. improve their academic skillsB. indicate their proficiency of English lan
984、guageC. provide scholarship programs in many countriesD. decide your graduation from foreign universities答案：B。细节理解题。由第一段第二句话“as a trusted and effective indicator of a persons ability to communicate in English.”可知，许多院校要求学生过托福考试，是因为它们认为托福考试能反映一个人的英语语言的熟练程度。8What would be the best title for the passage
985、?A. Advantages of TOEFL test B. Introduction to TOEFL testC. Preparations for TOEFL test D. Assessment of TOEFL test答案：B。主旨大意题。由文章大意可知，这是对托福考试的介绍。C (2011宁德质检，C )As the world prepares to mark the 100th anniversary of International Womens Day on March 8, a new report details the progress and challenge
986、s girls face in getting an education.The reportfrom the Education for All Fast Track Initiativehighlights the importance of girls education for economic(经济的) and social development. It follows progress in Ethiopia, Burkina Faso, Ghana, Guinea, Mauritania, Mozambique and Niger.Prema Clarke, author of
987、 Fasttracking Girls Education, says, “Progress for girls education is that they can leave their homes, leave their families and come to a place to study and to learn. And thats a big achievement because otherwise these girls have to stay at home, looking after their brothers and sisters, doing the c
988、ooking or doing the cleaning.”She says progress toward the Millennium Development Goals and those of Education for All “is allowing and enabling girls and forcing countries to look at this issue(问题) and to ensure that interventions (干预) help girls attend school.”BenefitsImproving education for girls
989、 brings many benefits, says Clarke. “It means that girls can then enter the workforce. They can look after their own families much more effectively. They can prevent child death rate. They can educate their own girl children when they begin to expand their own families.” Studies show that having an
990、educated female population helps to improve a countrys health and economic wellbeing. WarningsThe report says, “In developing countries, too many girls are not in school, and many girls face continuing health risks and danger just walking to class.”“Especially in the fragile and postconflict countri
991、es and in many of the African countries, this is a real issue，” she says. Till now, the interventions have been so focused on providing schooling and providing teachers, etc. And now I think there is much more expanded focus on looking at specific(特定的)communities of girls within atrisk groups that n
992、ow need much more specific attention and much more creative solutions(解决方法) to help them attend school.在迎接第一百个国际妇女节的时候，一份报告揭示了女性教育的重要性和女性教育的进步与面临的问题。9. The underlined word “highlights” in Paragraph 2 probably means _.A. shows B. stresses C. remarks D. improves答案：B。猜测词义题。所在句句意：这份报告强调了女性教育对经济和社会发展的重要性
993、。所以是“强调”的意思。10. According to Clarke, improving education can provide girls with all the opportunities EXCEPT _.A. to educate their own girl childrenB. to prevent child death rateC. to enter the workforce D. to study abroad答案：D。细节理解题。由Benefits下一段可知，无D项内容。11. This passage is intended to_.A. promote th
994、e progress in girls educationB. talk about the benefits of improving girls educationC. give some information about the education girls are facingD. sing high praise for the girls education答案：A。推理判断题。由第一段“.a new report details the progress and challenges girls face in getting an education.”可知，该文的目的是呼
995、吁改进对女孩的教育。12. It can be inferred from the passage that _.A. the girls educational situation in developing countries is still seriousB. girls were free to go wherever they wanted to in the pastC. there are enough teachers in most of the African countriesD. International Womens Day was first celebrate
996、d on March 8 in 1900答案：A。推理判断题。由倒数第二段可推知，在发展中国家，女孩的教育问题非常严重。其它选项都不对。D(2011宁德质检，D)With fears of a possible nuclear meltdown(核反应堆堆芯的熔毁) in Japan building up, evidence has come to light that the nation received warnings over the stability of its power plants from an international watchdog more than two
997、 years ago.As the Telegraph is reporting, an official from the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) said in December 2008 that safety rules were out of date, and strong earthquakes would cause a “serious problem” for the power stations.A US. embassy document, by quoting(引用)an unnamed expert, st
998、ates: “He (the IAEA official) explained that safety guides for earthquakes have only been updated three times in the last 35 years and that the IAEA is now reexamining them. Also, the presenter noted recent earthquakes in some cases have gone beyond the design basis for some nuclear plants, and that
999、 this is a serious problem that is now driving earthquake safety work.”The Telegraph also reports that the government responded to the warnings by building an emergency response center at the Fukushima Daiichi plant designed to resist magnitude7.0 earthquakes. Fridays earthquake, originally named a
1000、magnitude8.9 shock, has since been upgraded to magnitude9.0.Other nuclear experts state IAEA officials had willingly ignored lessons from the Chernobyl disaster to protect the nuclear industrys expansion, reports Bloomberg. “After Chernobyl, all the force of the nuclear industry was directed to hide
1001、 this event, for not creating damage to their reputation，”Russian nuclear accident specialist Iouli Andreyev tells Reuters, before noting that radiation from spent fuel rods(棒)stored close to reactors at Fukushima looked like an example of putting profit before safety. “The Japanese were very greedy
1002、, and they used every square inch of the space. But when you have a dense(密集的) placing of spent fuel in the basin, you have a high possibility of fire if the water is removed from the basin.”日本核泄漏事故已经尘埃落定，但是人们应该从这一事故中汲取教训。13. From the passage, we know that_.A. people fear that the nuclear meltdown w
1003、ill possibly become more and more serious in Japan B. people are becoming more and more afraid of a possible nuclear meltdown in JapanC. Japan made no response to the warnings over the safety of its power plants D. Iouli Andreyev warned Japan not to store spent fuel rods close to reactors答案：B。细节理解题。
1004、由第一段第一句话“With fears of a possible nuclear meltdown(核反应堆堆芯的熔毁) in Japan building up”可知，人们日益担心核反应堆堆芯的熔毁。14. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Japan was warned of the stability of its power plants when they were built over 2 years ago.B. Safety guides for earthquakes should be
1005、updated three times in 35 years. C. The emergency response centre at the Fukushima Daiichi plant can not resist Fridays earthquake.D. IAEA officials advised Japan to ignore lessons from the Chernobyl disaster.答案：C。细节理解题。由第四段可知，福岛核电站的抗震级别是七级，而周五的地震级别最终修正为九级，所以核电站的紧急应对措施不能抵抗周五的强震。15IAEA officials were
1006、 willing to ignore lessons from the Chernobyl disaster because they want _.A. to put profit before safetyB. the nuclear industry to developC. to protect the reputation of JapanD. every inch of land to be made good use of答案：B。细节理解题。由最后一段第一句话“.to protect the nuclear industrys expansion”可知，切尔诺贝利核事故后，国际
1007、原子能机构愿意忽视不理该事故的教训是因为保护核工业的扩展。16The writer develops this passage mainly by _.A. making comments B. providing factsC. quoting what experts sayD. analysing what happened答案：B。推理判断题。由全文可知，全文以列举事实为主要手法。E(2011漳州质检，E)These days a green building means more than just the color of the paint. Green building can
1008、 also refer to environmentally friendly houses, factories, and offices.Green building means “reducing the impact (影响) of the_building on the land”， Taryn Holowka of the US. Green Building Council in WashingtonDC. said.According to Holowka, the building accounts for 65 percent of total US. electricit
1009、y use. But green building can reduce energy and water use. Also, the buildings are often located near public transportation such as buses and subways, so that people can drive their cars less. That could be good for the environment, because cars use lots of gas and give off pollution. Green building
1010、s are often built on developed land, so that the buildings dontdestroy forests.Marty Dettling is project manager for a building that put these ideas into action. The Solaire has been called the countrys first green highrise building. According to Dettling, “Weve reduced our energy use by onethird an
1011、d our water by 50 percent.”The Solaire cuts energy in past by using solar power. “On the face of the building we have solar panels(板) which change the suns energy into electricity，” Dettling explained. The Solaire also has lights that automatically turn off when people leave the room. In addition, t
1012、he building has lots of windows, allowing people to use the sun for light during the day. The Solaire cuts water reusing it.Not everyone is eager to move into a green building, however. Some people think that things like solar panels cost more money than more traditional energy sources. Anyhow, Holo
1013、wka said, “Its going to be big.”绿色建筑不仅仅是种点花花草草，不仅仅是一种颜色。真正的绿色建筑应该是节能的、环保的房子。17. In the second paragraph, the underlined words “the building” most probably refer to _.A. an ordinary building B. an energysaving building C. a greencolored buildingD. a building in WashingtonDC.答案：A。猜测词义题。所在句意为“绿色建筑意味着减少
1014、对地上建筑物的影响。”因此，划线词意为“一般建筑物，普通建筑物”。18A green building is often built on an area of land _.A. which has thick forests around B. where people of high income liveC. which has already been for buildings D. where traveling around by car is most convenient 答案：C。细节理解题。由第三段最后一句话“Green buildings are often buil
1015、t on developed land, so that the buildings dont destroy forests.”可知，绿色建筑物常常建在已经开发为建筑用地的地方。19. When saying “Its going to be big”， Holowka means that green buildings_.A. will be more comfortable B. will become popular in futureC. will be more environmentally friendly D. will take the place of traditio
1016、nal building 答案：B。推理判断题。由连接词anyhow可知，不管怎样，无论如何，绿色建筑将会越来越流行。20. What is the main subject discussed in the text?A. Green buildings help save environment.B. The Solaire serves as a model of high building.C. Energy shortage calls for buildings of new design.D. Dettling designed the first green building in the US.答案：A。主旨大意题。由文章大意可知。