1、Section Grammar&Writing单元语法情态动词语法图解探究发现Today,both male and female athletes from around the world can take part.I am sure the whole of China must have felt proud when Xu Haifeng won the first gold medal for his country.Naturally,after I tell her what to do,my daughter must do the opposite!You should
2、apologize to Mary for your rude remarks.Mr Jones must be a teacher,isnt he?He may come here by train,but I am not sure.我的发现(1)情态动词没有和数的变化。(2)情态动词在句中虽有一定的词义，但不能作谓语，要和另一动词连用，构成谓语。(3)情态动词后面接，即不带 to 的不定式。(4)句中的 can 表示；句中的 must 表示推测；句中的 must 表示；句中的 should 表示；句中的 may 表示。人称独立动词原形偏要义务，责任可能能力一、基本概念情态动词作为谓语的一
3、部分，无人称和数的变化(have to 除外)，一般不能单独使用，要与谓语动词构成完整谓语，但在省略回答时，可单独使用。情态动词有 can(could),may(might),must,have to,shall(should),will(would),dare(dared),need(needed),ought to 等。二、基本用法1can(could)(1)表示能力，can 表示现在的能力，could 主要指过去的能力。You can tell the significance of climate change to us.你可以告诉我们气候变化的重要意义。I simply could
4、nt figure out his intention.我简直揣摩不透他的用意。名师点津 can 表示能力的时候，还可以用 be able to 代替，can 用于一般现在时，could 用于一般过去时。can(could)表示具备这样的能力，但不一定做了，而 be able to 表示不但具备这样的能力，而且经过努力做了。Can you come to the party tomorrow?明天你能来参加聚会吗？He was a good swimmer so he was able to swim to the riverbank when the boat sank.他是一个很擅长游泳的
5、人，所以当船下沉时，他能够游到河岸上。(2)表示请求许可。当请求允许做某事时，两者均可用，但用 could 语气更委婉。当表示允许某人做某事时，一般要用 can，而不用 could。Can/Could I use your bike tomorrow morning?Yes,you can./No.Im afraid not.我明天早晨能用你的自行车吗？是的，可以。/不，恐怕不行。You can go with them if you like.如果你愿意的话，可以和他们一起去。(3)表示推测。can 表推测时一般用于否定句和疑问句中(could 一般无此限制)。表示对过去发生的行为怀疑或不肯
6、定时，常用“can/couldhave过去分词”的否定或疑问形式。It cant/couldnt be true.那不可能是真的。We could go there this summer.今年夏天我们可能要去那里。Can/Could he have heard the news?他过去听说这个消息了吗？(4)表示客观的可能性(并非主观推测)，意思是“有时候可能会”。The weather in Shanghai can/could be very cold in winter.上海冬季可能很冷。(5)表示惊异、怀疑，不相信的态度(主要用在否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。How can you b
7、e so careless!你怎么那么粗心呀！即时演练 1(1)选词填空：can,could,be able toMan not live without air.Being a wise person,he finally find the place.The cheater said that he turn stone into gold.canwas able tocould(2)完成句子我快饿死了，现在我能吃两碗米饭。I am starving to death.I now.对不起我一直没能给你回信。I am sorry I your letter.那时候这个小男孩还不会游泳。At
8、that time the little boy.他不可能在家我刚才在超市看见他了。He I saw him in the supermarket just now.can eat two bowls of ricehavent been able to answercouldnt swimcant be at home2may(might)(1)表示允许，might 可以指过去时间，也可指现在时间，语气更委婉。You may come if you wish.如果你想来，你就来。May(Might)I ask for a photo of your baby?我可以要一张你宝宝的照片吗？名师
9、点津 对 may 的一般疑问句的肯定回答可用 may 或can,但作否定回答时要用 mustnt 或 cant。May I smoke here?No,you mustnt.Youd better not.我可以在这里吸烟吗？不，不可以。你最好不要吸烟。(2)表示可能。可以指过去时间，也可以指现在时间，但语气不肯定。He may be at home at the moment.他现在可能在家。She may not know about it.她可能不知道这件事。(3)用于表祝愿的句子中。May both the bride and groom have long and happy liv
10、es.祝新娘新郎幸福长寿。3must(have to)(1)must 表示必须，没有时态变化。强调的是一种主观看法，也表示责任或义务。have to 表示“必须，不得不”，是由于某种外界(客观)原因而“必须，不得不”做某事，也可表示经常的或习惯性的事“必须”做。mustnt 表示禁止做某事；have to 的否定形式表示“不必”。have to 可用于多种时态中。My brother was very ill,so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the night.我弟弟病得很厉害，我只得半夜里把医生请来。(客观上需要做这件事)He sai
11、d that he must work hard.他说他必须努力工作。(主观上要做这件事)名师点津 回答 must 引出的疑问句时，如果是否定的回答，不能用 mustnt，而要用 neednt 或 dont have to。Must we hand in our exercise books now?Yes,you must.(No,you neednt./No,you dont have to.)我们现在就必须要交练习本吗？是的，必须。(不，不必。)(2)must 表示猜测。意为“想必，准是，一定”等，只用于肯定句。The book must be the one you want.这本书一
12、定是你要的那本。Shes wearing a diamond necklace.She must have a lot of money.她戴着钻石项链，一定很有钱。(3)must 还可表示“偏要”。表示说话人不耐烦、不满的情绪。Why must it rain on Sunday?为什么偏要在星期天下雨？即时演练 2 用适当的情态动词填空My sister is ill;my mother look after her.Theres a lot of noise from next door.They be having a party.Must I return all the books
13、 in three days?Yes,you.(No,you.)If you go,at least wait until the storm is over.has tomustmustneednt/dont have tomust4shall(1)表示征询意见，用于第一、第三人称疑问句。Shall I get you some more tea?再来点茶好吗？Shall the boy wait outside?让那男孩在外面等吗？(2)表示说话人的意愿，有“命令、允诺、警告、决心”等意思，用于第二、第三人称陈述句。You shall come on time.你必须准时到。(命令)He
14、shall have the book when I finish reading it.我读完这本书就给他。(允诺)Nothing shall stop us from carrying out this plan.没有什么事情能阻止我们实施这项计划。(决心)(3)shall 用于第三人称，表示按照法律、条文或规定必须做的事，意为“应，必须”。No reader shall remove a book from the library without permission.未经许可，读者不准把书带出图书馆。即时演练 3 选择下列句中 shall 的含义A允诺B警告 C威胁 D征求意见You
15、shall fail if you dont work harder.You shall get an answer from me tomorrow.You shall be punished for what youve done.Shall I watch TV for a while？BACD5should(1)表示义务、责任。意为“应该”(某件事宜做)，用于各种人称。You should be polite to your teachers.你对老师应该有礼貌。(2)表示可能性很大的猜测，意为“想必一定，照说应该，估计”等。The film should be very good a
16、s it is starring first-class actors.这部电影是一流演员主演的，估计拍得很好。(3)表示说话人的惊讶、愤怒、失望等特殊情感，意为“居然，竟然”。Amazing!You should wear slippers at work.真令人惊讶，你竟然穿着拖鞋上班。It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,.(全国卷改编)他们本应该在午饭时间到达，但是他们的航班推迟了。They at lunchtime but their flight was delayed.(全国卷改编)你说的是什么意思？只有 10 张票吗？本来应
17、该有 12 张票的。What do you mean,there are only ten tickets？There.should bring mefoodshould have arrivedshould bewelve即时演练 4 完成句子(江苏高考改编)我感到很不好受，他们自己很穷，竟然还给我带来食物。6will(would)(1)表示意志或意愿。will 指现在，would 指过去，用于否定句表示“不肯，不乐意”。I will never do that again.我决不会再做那种事了。(2)表示征求意见或提出请求。主要用于第二人称疑问句中，will 和 would 均可用，wou
18、ld 此时不表示过去，而是表示委婉语气。Will/Would you pass me the book?请你把书递给我好吗？(3)will 和 would 可分别表示现在和过去反复发生的动作或某种倾向，意为“总是；常常”。He will sit up there all night.他总是整夜坐在那儿。He would drop in on me on Sundays.他常常在星期天顺便过来看我。辨析比较 即时演练 5(1)用适当的情态动词填空 you please save some dessert for me?He be a very strong man,but now he isnt
19、.We sit in the yard every evening and listen to his story when we were young.Will/Wouldused towouldused to 指过去的动作或状态，着重与现在的对比，可以与过去时间状语连用would表示过去的情况，指过去的习惯动作，不说明现在的情况(2)完成句子(四川高考改编)我仍然记得我的快乐童年，那时母亲常会在周末带我去迪斯尼乐园。I still remember my happy childhood when my mother Disneyland at weekends.(江苏高考改编)几天后，我哥
20、哥打电话说他一切都好，但不愿意说他在哪儿。Days later,my brother called to say he was all right,but where he was.wouldtake me towouldnt say7ought to(1)表示职责和义务，意为“应该”(因责任、义务等该做)，口气比 should 稍重。You are his father.You ought to take care of him.你是他父亲，应当照顾他。You oughtnt to smoke so much.你不应该抽这么多烟。(2)表示推测，暗含很大的可能性，近似于 should。Han
21、 Mei ought to know his telephone number.韩梅应该知道他的电话号码。即时演练 6 完成句子我明天得把所有的书都还上吗？all the books tomorrow?他不应该缺席这么重要的会议。He from such an important meeting.她应该能通过化学期末考试。She her chemistry final exam.Ought I to returnought not to be absentought to/should pass8need 和 dare(1)它们作情态动词时，后跟动词原形，常用于否定句、疑问句中。一般不用于肯定
22、句，无第三人称单数形式。dare 有过去式形式，构成疑问句时，将其移至句首；构成否定句时，直接在其后加 not。Need I tell him everything?Yes,you must./No,you neednt.我要告诉他一切吗？是的，必须。/不，没有必要。How dare she do things like that to me?她怎么敢对我做那样的事呢？(2)作实义动词时，其否定和疑问句的构成需借助 do/did/does,need 后面接带 to 的不定式，而在疑问句和否定句中，dare 后可省去 to。有人称和数的变化。He didnt dare(to)go there.他
23、不敢去那儿。Right now you need to stay still until help comes.现在你需要待着别动，直到有人来帮忙。What he needs now are books.他现在需要的是书籍。即时演练 7(1)用 dare/need 的适当形式填空You hurry.There is still enough time to go.Must I go right now?No,you.How you say Im unfair?He speak English before such a crowd,dare he?He to finish it this ev
24、ening.Dont you touch it?needntneedntdarentdareneedsdare(2)完成句子(重庆高考改编)我已经订好了比萨，因此我们不必在回家很累时担心做饭问题了。Ive ordered some pizza,so when we get home tired.(湖南高考改编)我已经为野餐准备了各种食物。你的意思是我们不需要自己带任何东西了？Ive prepared all kinds of food for the picnic.Do you mean with us?we neednt worry about cookingwe neednt bring
25、anything单元写作写一项运动的历史 写作技法指导要写好一项运动的历史，主要从三个方面着手：第一，运动项目的定义。主要写这个运动项目的名称、规则以及在全球受欢迎的程度等。第二，运动项目的相关信息。主要写这个运动项目的发展史、过去人们对它的重视程度、取得的成就等。第三，运动项目的现状。积“黄金”词句，写高分文章1Basketball is played all around the world and is an Olympic sport.世界各地的人都打篮球，它是奥运比赛项目。2Table tennis is very similar to playing tennis on a cou
26、rt,but is played on a table.打乒乓球与在球场上打网球很相似，只是在桌面上打。3The exact origin of it is not known.它的确切起源还不为人所知。4Shooting,a means of survival originally,developed into a sports game until the end of the 19th century.射击最初只是生存工具，19 世纪末发展成为一项体育运动。5What we do know is that table tennis began in England in the 1890
27、s.我们知道的是乒乓球始于 19 世纪 90 年代的英国。6It was not until the late 19th century that it developed into a sports event.直到 19 世纪末，它才发展成为一项体育运动。三步写作规范题目要求假定你叫李华。你的美国笔友 David 是个中国武术迷，他给你写了一封 e-mail，要你用英语简单介绍一下中国武术。请你根据下面提供的信息，给他回一封 e-mail。其中中国武术的“作用”一项需要你自己发挥。定义武术是一门有关武艺的中国传统体育运动项目历史中国武术有着悠久的历史影响武术是中国文化的重要组成部分流派流派
28、很多，以少林武术最为出名作用最具影响力的武术明星李小龙、李连杰、成龙现状目前全球有100多个国家的人们在习武武术目前还不是奥运会比赛项目。但人们一直在努力使中国武术早日进入奥运会注意：1.词数 100 左右；2文章的开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear David，Very glad to read your e-mail.You say you are a wushu fan.Now I will tell you something about Chinese wushu.Yours，Li Hua第一步：搜索词汇1传统上2项目3流派4功夫5众多6强身健体by traditioneve
29、ntstylewushu/martial arta variety of/various/all kinds ofbuild up ones body第二步：由词造句1武术不仅起源于中国，而且对中国文化产生了重大影响。Wushu in China.Wushu has a great effect on Chinese culture.Wushu in China has a great effect on Chinese culture.2有很多武术流派，其中以少林武术最为出名。There are a variety of wushu styles.Shaolin Wushu.There ar
30、e a variety of wushu styles,shaolin Wushu is the best-known.has its originsnot only has its originsbut alsois thebest-knownof which3人们一直在努力使中国武术早日进入奥运会。People.People will a reality that wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible.People wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible.have been
31、 making attemptsmake ithave been making attempts to make it a reality that第三步：连句成篇Dear David，Very glad to read your e-mail.You say you are a wushu fan.Now I will tell you something about Chinese wushu.Wushu,by tradition,is a Chinese sport,and now it is one of the most practised martial arts in the w
32、orld.Wushu not only has its origins in China,but also has a great effect on Chinese culture.Now wushu plays an important part in Chinese culture.There are a variety of wushu styles,of which Shaolin Wushu is the best-known.Wushu,which is intended to build up ones body and defend oneself,is popular wi
33、th young people.Film stars like Bruce Lee,Jet Li and Jackie Chan have made great contributions to the spread of wushu around the world.People have set up many associations,which are of great significance to the development of wushu.It is a pity that wushu is not the event of the Olympic Games.But pe
34、ople have been making attempts to make it a reality that wushu can enter the Olympics as soon as possible.I do hope you can come to China to learn the Chinese martial art.Yours，Li Hua课时跟踪检测.用情态动词的适当形式填空1May I take this book out of the reading room?No,you.You can only read it here.2I have told you th
35、e truth.I keep repeating it?3The traffic is heavy these days.I arrive a bit late,so could you save me a place?mustntMustmight4In general,she is devoted to her studies,but she be a little naughty at times.5Its the office!So you know eating is not allowed here.Oh,sorry.6Hes strange he sit for hours wi
36、thout saying anything.7I advised him to give up smoking,but he listen to my advice,and went on as ever before.canmustwillwouldnt8What does the sign over there read?No person smoke or carry a lighted cigarette,cigar or pipe in this area.9You cant imagine that a well-behaved gentleman be so rude to a
37、lady.10The head teacher said that we have a day off on Sunday if we did a good job in the exam.shallshouldcould.用方框中所给情态动词的适当形式填空shall，should，be able to，can，must，need，dare，would，may 1Accidents happen on such a rainy day.2The fire spread through the hotel quickly but everyone get out.3The school rule
38、s say that no child be allowed out of the school during the day.4I saw her go out just now.She be at home now.canwasable toshallcant5Must we hand in the homework before school is over?No,you.You hand it in tomorrow morning.6My younger sister not go out alone at night.7You do something for your aged
39、parents.8When we worked in the same office,we have coffee together.9Why you always smoke in the office?10Im sorry that you think so badly of me.needntcan/maydareshouldwouldmustshould.完成句子1He (准是病了).He looks so pale.2He (会后悔的)for it one day,I tell you.3After years of hard work he (能够)win the prize.4If you (一定要抽烟),at least you could use an ashtray.5You (可以和他们一起去)if you like.6They (该到上海了)by now.must be illshall be sorrywas able tomust smokecan go with themshould/ought to have arrived in Shanghai “课时跟踪检测”见“课时跟踪检测（三）”(单击进入电子文档)谢谢 观 看