《名校推荐》广东省中山纪念中学2017高考总复习高考英语备考手册 WORD版.docx

1、走向高考 高考英语备考手册（文理科生均用）林加良/策划殷志学/主编 学生参考用书2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学内部资料 祖国高于一切 才华贡献人类 2017 高考总复习 随书赠送：中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语复习宝典电子文档 中山纪念中学高考英语备考手册高考热点话题知识手册电子文档 中山纪念中学高考英语备考手册高考英语高频核心词汇统计表电子文档 注：本书可以中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语习题手册配套使用。本书内容并非完全原创，仅供考生参考，若出现纰漏，欢迎批评指正！目录 高考英语重点词汇解析手册 1备考手册 一 49备考手册 二 高考英语重点词汇记忆手册 119备

2、考手册 三 40 篇短文背诵高考 3500 个单词 139备考手册 四 高考完形填空常用词汇总结 145备考手册 五 短文改错、语法填空、阅读理解、阅读补全及完形填空解题技巧 172备考手册 六 书写表达写作指导及步骤 173备考手册 七 高考英语语法考查要点 207备考手册 八 高考英语写作专题 218备考手册 九 阅读理解、完形填空解题策略与技巧点拨 语法填空考点分析与解/答题技巧 225备考手册 十 228备考手册十一 写作微课堂知识手册 252备考手册十二 话题手册 316备考手册十三 附录手册 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考

3、手册 第 1 页（共 331 页）3.abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的 反义词：normalThey thought his behavior was abnormal.4.aboardprep.adv.在船（飞机，火车）上，上船(飞机，轮船)all the people aboard机上的人 5.aboutprep 关于，ad 大约，到处 a)be about to do sth(when)b)look about/around/round6.aboveprep 在上面 7.abroadad.到(在)国外 8.absence n.不在，缺席 absence from wor

4、k/schoolI was about to go out when it began to rain.c)How/What about询问情况或建议 above all 首先;尤其 a)go/study/live abroadb)at home and abroad 在国内外 The decision was made in my absence.The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.be absent fromabsent-mindedadj.心不在焉的 in the absence of 在缺少条件下 9.absentadj.缺席的

5、，不在的 10.absorbvt.1)吸收，吸进（液体，气体等）2)理解，掌握 absorb ink/water/neat/light/oxygen/sound/energyabsorb information/knowledge11.abuse v/n.滥用，谩骂 abuse power/position/privilege12.accept vt.accept the gift/invitation/plan13.access方法，通路，机会 be absorbed in 专注于，聚精会神于abuse alcohol/drugs 酗酒/嗜毒 滥用权力/职权/特权 accept sb/sth

6、asThe only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.Only high officials have access to the emperor.We students have access to the school library.accessibleadj.可进入的，可接近的，可使用的 Such information is not easily accessible to the public.14.accidentn.事故，意外的事 by accident/chance 偶然，无意中；不小心 15.accompanyv.陪伴，伴随，伴

7、奏 accompany the singer on/at the piano16.accomplish v.完成，到达，实现 accomplish the task/purpose/goalaccompany sb.to the school/supermarketLightening usually accompanies thunder.accomplishmentn.成就，成绩 17.according to根据 According to the law,he should be sentenced to death.18.accuse vt.指控，指责 accuse sb of(doi

8、ng)sth 控告19.accustomed adj.习惯的，适应的，惯常的 be/get/become accustomed to doingHe was soon accustomed to getting up early.20.achevi./nheadache/toothacheMy back aches so much.21.achievevt达到；取得 achievementn 成就 achieve success/victory/ones goal;22.achievementn.成就，业绩；完成（任务等）make great achievements23.acknowledg

9、e v.承认，致谢 It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.备考手册一 高考英语重点词汇解析手册 A1.abandonv.放弃，遗弃，抛弃 abandon the baby/child/friendabandon the plan/idea/effort/hopeabandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于 He abandoned himself to despair.2.abilityn.能力；才能 the ability to walk 行走的能力 to the b

10、est of ones ability竭尽全力 He completed the job to the best of his ability.Yaoming is acknowledged as/to be the best player in China.I acknowledged financial support from the local government.24.acrossprepcrossv.I walked across the street.;cross a street;come/run across 碰到 25.actn.法令，条例 vt.表演，扮演，行动，做事

11、act as充当；扮演 act out 把表演出来 26.action n.行动 take action to do sthput sth into action 把付诸实施 27.activeadj.积极的;主动的 take an active part in/be active in 积极参加 28.activityn.活动 outdoor activities户外运动 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 2 页（共 331 页）29.actuala.实际的 actuallyadv.in(actual)fact实际上 30ad

12、apt vi.适应，适合，改编 vt.使适应 adapt to change/the city lifeadapt oneself to the new surroundingsadapt the novel for a filmadaptationn.适应 31.addvt 添加，增加，补充说（that）add()to 添加 add up把加在一起 add up to 总计为;总数为 a)His illness added to our trouble.b)He added that he would come again.c)Please add these figures up.d)Th

13、ese numbers add up to 100.e)He added some salt to the water.32.addressn.地址 vt.写地址；向讲话（尤指演讲）address the letter to sb.给某人寄信 The letter was wrongly addressed.The president addressed the public.33.adjust vt.调整，调节，适应 adjust your speed/the volume/the cameraadjust to the dark/the single lifeadjust yourself

14、 to the student lifeadjustmentn.调整，调节 34.admirev 钦佩.;羡慕 admire sb for sthI admire John for his courage.35.admitvt（admitted,admitted）1)承认 admit ones mistakes;admit doing/having doneHe admitted having stolen the money.2)准许（入场，入学，入会）admit sb to/intosb be admitted toHe has been admitted to Beijing Unive

15、rsity.36.adopt v.收养，采用，采纳 adopt a childthe adopted son/daughteradopt a new policy/a suggestion/a plan/an attitude37.advancevi 推进，促进；前进 adj.advanced 先进的/高级的 in advance 预先，事先 an advanced worker38.advantagen.优点，好处(可数名词)反：disadvantagetake advantage of 利用 have an advantage over 优于to sbs advantage对（某人）有利

16、39.advertisevt.为做广告 1）为做广告 advertise a product/things 2）登广告征求/寻找 advertise for a new sales manager40.advicen/u.advisevt.忠告,劝告,建议 take/follow/accept ones advice 接受某人的建议 ask sb for advice 向某人寻求建议 a piece of advice 一条建议 give sb some advice on sthadvise sb(not)to do;advise doing;advise that(should)+doOu

17、r teacher advised that we should study hard.41.affectvt.影响,深深打动，使悲伤等 Smoking affects health.People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.42.affordvt.负担得起,抽得出(时间);提供 can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sthI cant afford a book/to buy the book43.afraida.害怕的；担心 be afraid to do因为害怕不敢做;be afr

18、aid of doing害怕She was afraid to go out alone at night.She was afraid of waking him up.44.againstprep 对着，反对,靠着，迎着，衬着 stand against the wall(靠墙站着)go against nature;be against sth反对 They are strongly against the plan.The pine tree were black against the morning sky.45.agen.年龄；时代 vi.变老 for ages 多年;at an

19、 early age;at the age of ;of the same age=of an ageAfter his wifes death he aged quickly.46.agreevi.同意；应允 1）agree with agree with sb/what you say/your opinion.表示一致;“(食物、天气、工作等)对适宜”：The weather does not agree with me.这种天气对我不适宜。A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.What he does does

20、not agree with what he says.他言行不一致。2）agree to the plan/the arrangement/the suggestion.3）agree on/upon 主要指双/多方通过协商而取得一致意见或达成协议：We agreed on the price.我们就价格达成了一致意见。Both sides agreed on these terms.双方都同意这些条件。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 3 页（共 331 页）瞄准,对准 He aimed the gun at the ene

21、my officer.(向某方面)努力 Shes aiming at(trying to win)a scholarship.针对某人 My words were not aimed at you.50.alikeadj.相像，十分相似 We are alike in many ways.adv.相似的，相同的 51.alivea.活着的，存在的 The lake was alive with fish.They tried to treat their children alike.catch alive 活捉 keepalivebe alive with=be full ofWho is

22、the greatest man alive.(后置定语)52.allowv 准许，允许 allow doing/sb to doallow for 把 考虑进去 53.almostadv 几乎，差不多 Has everything been allowed for in your plan?Almost no one/nobody came to the party.54.aloneadj/adv 单独的 孤独的 There was almost no snow that winter.1)形容词 She is alone at home.（她独自一人在家。）2)副词 I like to w

23、ork alone.（我喜欢独自一人工作。）3)“只有，仅仅”，The shoes alone cost$200.let/leave sb/sth alone 别打扰 let alone更不用说 lonely1)定语，“孤单的，无伴侣的，无人烟的，荒凉的，偏僻的”a lonely man/island.2)表语，“孤寂的，寂寞的”feel lonely*Helivesalonebuthedoesntfeellonely.55.aloudad.大声地 read aloud/think aloud56.amaze vt.使惊奇，惊叹；震惊 What amazes me is how long sh

24、e managed to hide it from us.It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.amazed adj.惊奇的，惊讶的 amazing adj.令人惊奇的，惊叹的；震惊的 I mIts57.that you have never heard of the Rolling Stones.how often you see drivers using mobile phones.amountn.数额（尤指数量，大小等）a large amount of+u/nlarge amounts of+u/nv.（数量，意义等

25、）等同，相当于 amount to（数量上）达到，总计 1)Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而损失的时间总共为 2）等于，意味着 Ultimately,their ideas amount to the same thing.58.amuse vt.使快乐，逗乐 amuse sb.使高兴 归根结底，他们想的都是一回事。The funny drawings amused the kids.be amused by/at/with 被逗乐 amuse oneself 自娱自乐 The boys amused th

26、emselves by drawing.amusementn.to ones amusement59.amusementn.1)娱乐,乐趣 to ones amusement 让某人发笑 They were dancing and singing in the car,much to the amusement of passers-by.他们在车里跳舞，唱歌，让路人感到十分有趣。2)娱乐活动，消遣活动 amusementsamusevt.amuse sb/oneself使开心，逗笑 amused/amusingadj.an amused smile/look/expression 愉快的微笑

27、/神情/表情 an amusing story/film 有趣的，好笑的，逗人发笑的故事/电影 60.angryadj 生气的，愤怒的(angrily/angrier)4)agree to do sthHe agreed to go with us.他同意同我们去。5)reach/arrive at/come to an agreement6)I cant/couldnt agree more.47.aheadad.在前，向前 ahead of time提前 go ahead前进，干吧，说吧 48.aidn.援助；救护；辅助工具 first aid 急救 in aid of 支持 by(the

28、)aid of 借助于，通过的帮助 come/go to ones aid 帮助某人 v.帮助，促进 aid(sb/sth)in/with(doing)sth 帮助某人做49.aim atbe angry at(about)因为而生气 be angry with sb 生某人的气 61.announcevt.宣布，宣告，公布 announce a decision/plan/intentionannounce sth to sbannounce thatAt the end of the meeting,it was announced that an agreement had been r

29、eached.make an announcement 62.announcement n.通告，通知 63.annoy vt.（使）烦恼 be annoyed with sb.for(at)sth.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 4 页（共 331 页）What annoyed him most was that he had received no apology.annoyedadj.略感烦恼（生气）的 annoyingadj.讨厌的，令人烦恼的 Itsthat we didnt know about this befo

30、re.令人恼火的事，我们事先并不知道这一切 Mr Davies wasthat the books were missing.戴维斯先生生气了，因为那些书不见了。64.answern.the answer to the questionv.answer a question/the door/the phone；answer for 对 负责 You will have to answer for your wrong doing one day.65.anxiety n.忧虑，焦急，担心 anxiousadj.焦虑的，不安的；担心的 be anxious about sth for sb渴望

31、的，急切的 be anxious to do sth67.apologize n.道歉，歉意 apology n.make an apology/apologies to sb for sthapologise to sb for sth68.appeal v.n.吸引，呼吁，恳求 The design has appealed to people of all ages.I appeal to you to protect the environment.have/hold appeal for sb.对某人有吸引力 lose ones appeal失去吸引力 69.appear 1)vi.

32、出现，露面 The man suddenlyfrom behind the tree scared me.2)系动词 似乎，好像 appear+(to be)+n/adj 似乎 It appears(to sb)that/as ifHe appeared to be happy in the news.It appears to me that he will winIt appears that all the files have been deleted.档案好像都已经被删除了。Police say there appear to be signs of a break-in.警方称似乎

33、有破门而入的迹象。70.appearance n.出现，露面；容貌 judge by appearances以貌取人 71.applicationn.申请 make an application for72.apply v.申请 apply for申请；请求，接洽 apply sth to 运用，应用 apply oneself to 致力于，集中精力做某事 73.appoint vt.任命，委派，安排，确定 1)任命，委派 A committee was appointed to consider the plan.一个委员会被指定去研究这些计划。He was appointed as ch

34、airman.2).约定，确定 Everyone got there at the appointed time.In the evening he made his way to the appointed meeting place.74.appointmentn.make an appointment 约定、会 his appointment as president他担任总统的任命 75.appreciate vt.欣赏；感激 appreciate your concernappreciate doing sthappreciate your abilities/fine works

35、of artId appreciate it if you let me get on with my job.76.approach1).v.接近；靠近；走进 As they approached the wood,a rabbit ran out of the trees.I find him difficult to approach.The winter vacation is approaching.2).n.接近；方法；途径；通路 He decided to adopt a different approach and teach the Bible through story-t

36、elling.His approach to the problem are wrong.All the approach to the palace were guarded by troops.77.approve vi.赞成 vt.同意，批准 approve of赞成，同意 approve of ones ideaHe doesnt approve of my leaving this year.approve the plan/proposal通过计划/提议 approvaln.79.argue vi.争辩，争论 n.argument1)argue for/against 赞成/反对

37、2)argue sb into/out of doing sth 说服某人做/不做某事 3)argue with sb about sth 与某人争论某事 80.arise arose arisenvi.1)出现，发生，产生 A new crisis has arisen.新危机出现。2）起床，起身，起立 He arose at dawn.他黎明即起。81.argumentn.1)争论，辩论 have an argument with sb about/over sth2)论点，论据 a powerful argument against smokingarguev.argue with sb

38、 about/over sth82.armn.手臂,支架 武器（复）arm in arm手挽手 take up arms拿起武器 vt.以装备,武装起来 armwithArmed with the new equipment,the explorers entered the cave.be armed to the teeth 全副武装 83.around 在周围;在附近;大约 around the corner在拐角处，即将到来 around the clock昼夜不停地 84.arrange vt.安排，布置 arrange an appointment 安排预约 Have you ar

39、ranged to meet Mark this weekend?中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 5 页（共 331 页）We had arranged that I would go for the weekend.我们商量好了，这个周末我去。He arrived as arranged.他如约而至。The company will arrange for a taxi to meet you at the airport.Dave arranged for someone to drive him home.arrange

40、mentn.安排，布置 make arrangements for 85.arrestvt.逮捕，拘捕 He got arrested for careless driving.n.put/place sb under arrest逮捕某人 86.arrivevarrivaln.到来；达到 arrive atGuests receive dinner on/upon their arrival87.articlen.文章；东西；物品；冠词 an article of clothing 一件衣服 88.ashamedadj 惭愧，害臊 89.asleepadj 睡着的，熟睡(表语形容词)fall

41、 asleep 入睡 He seems to be fast asleep.90.assist v.帮助，协助 assist sb.in dong/with sth.well assist you in finding a place to live.She employed a woman to assist her with the housework.assistancen.technical/military assistance技术/军事援助 91.assume v.假定，假设 It is assumed that普遍认为 I had assumed him to be a teac

42、her.我本以为他是老师。He assumed an air of concern.他装出关心的样子。assuming（that）假设，假如 92.assumptionn.a)be ashamed of以为是耻辱 b)be ashamed of oneself for 为而害羞 c)feelashamedforsb 替某人感到羞愧 ashamed&shameful ashamed 指事物使人感到羞耻、惭愧、害臊；shameful 指事物或本身可耻不道德。He is ashamed of his shameful conduct.93.astonishv 使惊讶 astonished/aston

43、ishingbe/look astonished at对感到大吃一惊 an astonished look94.attachattach to95.attemptv.试图，尝试 attempt to doHe was charged with attempting to kill his wife.attempt sthThe plane crashed while attempting an emergency landing.n.make an attempt to do/at doing 试图做某事 96.attendv.看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加 attend a meeting/s

44、chool/church/the concertattend to sth 处理，注意 I have a few other things to attend to.attend to sb 看护 attend to a baby97.attentionn.注意，关心 pay(much/no/little)attention todraw ones attention tofix ones attention/mind/eyes on；attract ones attention98.attractv.吸引，引起 Like attracts like物以类聚 99.available100.a

45、verageadj 平均的；普通的 n.平均数 on(the)average 按平均 I was just an average sort of student.我只是一个普通学生。101.avoid doing102.awakev.唤醒；(awoke/awoken)Is he awake or asleep?awake to sth 意识到 醒悟到 It took her some time to awake to the dangers of her situation.adj醒着的 be wide awake103.awardn.v.104.awarebe aware of105.awa

46、yadv 离开；远离 keep away from 保持距离；far away 在远处 right away 立刻，马上；give away 泄露，赠送 106.awfulB1.backadv.回（原处）;向后 adj.后面的 n.背后，后部；背 back and forth 来回，往返；back to back 背靠背 behind ones back 背后；look back 回顾 put back 放回去；turn ones back on 避开，不理睬 2.backwardadv.backward and forward来来回回 bend/lean over backward to d

47、o 竭尽全力去做3.baggagen.行李 a piece of/an article of baggage4.balance1)n.平衡 keep a balance(between A and B)lose ones balance中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 6 页（共 331 页）disturb the balance of ones mind 余额(常用单数）check your bank balance 欠款（常用单数）The balance of 500 yuan must be paid within 90

48、days.短语 be/hang in the balance 不明朗的，未定的，悬而未决的 catch/throw sb.off balance 使失去平衡；使不知所措 on balance 总的来说 2）v保持平衡（sth）on sthbalance on one legHe balanced the cup on her knee.同等重视 balance A with/and Bbalance home life with career比较权衡 balance A against Bbalance the cost against its benefitbalancedadj.be on

49、 a balanced diet5.ban n.禁令 v.禁止，取缔 a ban on smoking 禁烟令 place under ban 对加以禁止 ban sb.from sth./doing 禁止某人做 6.bar 1)n.条，块 a bar of chocolate/soap障碍 Being a woman was a bar to promotion.2)vt.封堵 All the doors and windows were barred.阻止 bar sb.from.bar players from drinking7.bargainn.（经讨价还价之后）成交的商品；廉价货

50、Those shoes are a real bargain at such a low price.v.讨价还价 bargain with sb about/over sth8.base n.根据地，基地 v.以.为基地,把基地设在 1)base sth on/upon sth以为基础 His book is based on a true story.2)be based in 以.为基地,把基地设在 The toy company is based in Guangzhou.basicadj 基本的 basic knowledge/skillsbasicallyadv.9.basis(复

51、数 bases)1）基础，要素 form the basis of2)基准，原则 on a regular/permanent basis 以定期的/永久的方式 3)原因，缘由 on the basis ofSome videos were banned on the basis of violence.10.bathn.洗澡;浴室;澡盆;have/take a bathbathev.洗澡,游泳 be bathed in 沉浸在,沐浴着（光线）bathroomn.浴室 11.bear(bore,born/borne)v.1）承受(重量)The ice is too thin to bear y

52、our weight.2)负担,承担 bear the cost/burden/responsibility3）忍受;容忍（常用于疑问句、否定句，与 can,could 连用）bear to do/doing4)bearin mind 记住 12.beatv(beat,beaten)连续有节奏的敲击 My heart is beating faster than usual.Wavesarebeatingtheshore.击败:He beat me in the game.beat&hit&strike&knock13.beforeIt will be+段时间+before+do/does要过

53、多久才It was+段时间+before+did没过多久就14.beg 乞求，请求 begbeggedbeggedbeggingbeg sb.to do 请求、乞求某人做某事 I beg your pardon.对不起、请原谅（降调）请再讲一遍（降调）15.beginbeganbegunbeginningbegin with=start with 以开始 to begin with=to start with(插入语)首先、第一 I dont like living here.To begin with,the room is far too small.16.beginningn.开始，开端

54、 at the beginning ofin the beginning=at first17.behavev.表现 He behaved as if nothing had happened.behave badly/well/like a true gentlemanbehave oneself 表现得体，有礼貌 well/badly behaved children18.behaviorn.不可数 good/bad behaviorbe on your best behavior 尽量表现得体 19.behinddrop/fall behind 落后 leave sb./sth.behi

55、nd 遗落、忘带 20.beliefn.（不可数）1）相信，信心 belief inI admire his belief in what he is doing.2)看法，信念（不可数）He acted in the belief that he was doing good.There is a general belief that things will soon get better.3)信仰（可数 beliefs）religious/political beliefs短语 beyond belief 难以置信 to the best of ones belief尽其所知 21.be

56、lievebelieve it or not(插入语)信不信由你 It is believed that he is a good teacher.=He is believed to be a good teacher.22.belongbelong to 属于（无被动）The house belonging to her is under repair.23.bendv.弯曲、弯腰、伏案 bendbentbent中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 7 页（共 331 页）She was bent over her desk w

57、riting a letter.她正伏案写信。24.benefit 1)n.优势，益处（不可数）She didnt get much benefit from her staying abroad.短语:be of benefit to.=be beneficial to.to ones benefit对某人有利 for ones benefit=for the benefit of sb.为了帮助./为了某人的利益 2）vt./vi.benefit sb./sthbenefit from/by.beneficialadj.有益的，有用的 be beneficial to.25.bestdo/

58、try ones best to do 尽全力做 make the best of尽量利用 all the best（书信结语）一切顺利、万事如意 26.betterhad better do最好做 否定：had better not dobe better worth reading 更值得读 be better known 更著名的 27.beyond 超出、超过 beyond ones imagination/description 难以想象/描述 beyond ones power 超出能力范围 beyond my wildest dreams 做梦也没想到 28.bid bid-bi

59、d-biddingv.出价，投标 n 投标 bid for sth.I bid 2000 dollars for the painting.我出价 20000 美元买这幅画。The highest bid for the picture was 20000.这幅画的最高出价是两万 29.birthn.出生、诞生 at birth 出生时 give birth to 生下、孕育了 30.biscuit饼干 c/n some chocolate biscuits31.bit1)a bit of+不可数 n.=a little+不可数 n.He can speak a bit of French.2

60、)a bit/a little+比较级 a bit more slowly3)not a bit=not at all 一点儿也不、毫不 32.blame1）be to blame应该受到责备（主动表被动）2)blame sb.for doingsb.be blamed for 33.blank1)n.空白处，空格 fill in the blanks(记忆中的)空白,遗忘 My mind was a blank and I couldnt remember her name.2)adj.空白的，无装饰的，无图画的 a blank form/wall不理解的，没表情的,空虚的 a blank

61、expressionSuddenly my mind went blank.34.be blind to 对视而不见、熟视无睹=turn a blind eye to35.blowv.(blewblown)吹、刮 blow down 吹倒 blow up 爆炸、炸毁 n.打击 give sb.a blow 给某人打击 36.boardn.木板、布告牌 v.登上 on board 在船（车、飞机）board a train 上火车 37.bookc/n书 v.预定（车、船）票 book a room/ticket38.boredadj.be bored with./to death.boring

62、adj.a boring job/book/man39.bothervt./vi.1)花费时间精力做某事（常用于否定句，疑问句中）bother with/about sth-Shall I wait?-No,dont bother.Its not worth bothering with an umbrella.bother to doHe didnt even bother to let me know he was coming.bother doingWhy bother asking if you are not really interested?2)给.造成麻烦，痛苦 使.烦恼，担

63、忧 bother sb with/about.I dont want to bother her with my problems.-Im sorry he was rude to you.-It doesnt bother me.bother sb.that.Does it bother you that she earns more than you?bother sb.to do.It bothers me to think of her alone at home.3)打扰 插话 bother sbSorry to bother you,but.be bothered about sb

64、./sth 认为.重要 关心.Im not bothered about what he thinks.n.麻烦 困难（不可数）-Thanks for your help.-it was no bother.put sb.to botherget sb./oneself into bother 给某人添麻烦 40.bottomat the bottom offrom the bottom of ones heart41.breakbroke brokenbreak out（战争、火灾、疾病等）爆发 break down（车、机器等）坏掉、出故障；分解；（身体）垮掉；break in打断；闯入

65、break up 破碎；（关系）破裂 break away from 摆脱、脱离 42.breathn.hold ones breathtake a deep breathout of breathbreathev.43.bringbringupbring downbring aboutbring in44.brokenadj.speak in broken Englisha broken marriage45.budget n.within/over budget 在预算内/超出预算 on a(tight)budget缺少钱 拮据 vt.sth for.将.编入预算$1,000,000 fo

66、r education spendingvi.for存钱 编预算 for a holiday abroad46.buildbuiltbuilt v.建筑；建造 build up增进、增强 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 8 页（共 331 页）47.burnburnedburned/-burntburnt燃 烧；晒 黑、伤 burn down烧 毁 burnto the ground=completely destroyed夷为平地 get burnt被晒伤 a burning candle燃烧的蜡烛 48.burst v.突

67、然发生 burstburstburstburst out laughing/crying=burst into laughter/tears突然大笑起来/痛哭起来 49.buryv.埋葬 buryburiedburiedburyingbury ones face in the hands手捂着脸 bury oneself in=be buried in50.businessn.生意；职责；（本分）工作 on business do business with sb.Business is business.Its none of your business.与你无关。mind your own

68、 business管好你自己的事 51.busyadj.忙的；忙碌的 be busy with sth.be busy(in)doing 忙于做 busilyadv52.butconj.但是 prep.除了 notbut 不是而是 we have no choice but to wait.除了等待别无选择。We can do nothing but wait.除了等待什么也不能做。but for要不是、若没有（引导含虚拟语气的句子）But for your help,I would have failed.53.byby bus/car/plane/air/train/ship 乘汽车/小汽

69、车/飞机/火车/船 C1.calculatev.计算，核算 It has been calculated that eg.It has been calculated that at least 47000 jobs were lost last year.(be)calculated to do sth.eg.The speech was calculated to win votes.2.callv.叫；喊；打电话 a girl called Marya girl calling herself Marycall oncall at sp.call forcall upcall offca

70、ll in3.calmadj.镇静的、沉着的 calm downv.使镇静 keep calm4.campn.营 v.野营；宿营 summer camp 夏令营 go camping去野营 5.can否定：cannot=cantcant help doing=cant help but do禁不住 can nottoo=can nevertoo 越越好/再也不为过 You can never be too careful when crossing the street.6.caren.照料；保管 take care of照顾、保管 take care(that)当心 v.在乎；介意 I do

71、nt care.我不在乎/我不放在心上。care for喜欢；照顾 care about 关心；在乎 7.carefuladj.仔细的；小心的 be careful of 当心,小心 listen carefully8.carryv.拿；搬；运；背 carry on继续、进行 carry out实施、执行 9.casen.情况；案件；病例 in case+句子/in case of+名词 万一 in this/that case如果这样/那样的话 in no case绝不 as is often the case 事实往往如此 eg:As is often the case,women liv

72、e longer than man.There are some cases where this method wont work.10.cashn.现金 pay in cash/by checkvt.兑现 a checkcash in on从.获得利润 The shop are cashing in on temporary shortage by raising prices.11.castv.扔，抛，撒 cast your net widecast about/around for sthcast sb./sth outcast sb./sth asidebe cast awaybe

73、cast downcast sth off12.catchcaughtcaughtcatch up with赶上 catch sight of看见 catch sb.doing 撞见/捉住某人做某事 catch ones eye=attract ones attention引起某人注意；引人注目 13.caterv.提供（承办）酒席，满足需求 cater for sth/sb:The class caters for all ability ranges.cater to sth/sb:It catered for all tastes.14.cattlen.牛（总称）单复同形 The cat

74、tle are in the shed.牛在牛棚里。15.causen.原因、起因 cause and effect 因果 the cause of fire/cancer火灾/癌症的起因 v.引起；促使 The storm left,a lot of damage to this area.16.cautiousadj.谨慎的 小心的 be cautious of/about.cautionn.谨慎 小心 with caution 小心地 vt.警告.小心.caution sb.to docaution sb.against.警告某人警惕 We were cautioned not to d

75、rive too fast.17.celebratev.庆祝 celebrate ones birthdaycelebrate Christmas中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 9 页（共 331 页）18.centraladj.中心的，中央的 central bank/government1）主要的，首要的 play a central role in在起着主导作用。centren.in the centre of the roomv.centre on/upon/round/around把当中心 使成为中心 19.cere

76、monyn.典礼，仪式 1)attend a wedding ceremony2)stand on ceremony拘于礼节 without ceremony粗鲁无礼，不拘礼节 20.certainadj.确定的；无疑的 certainlyadv.be certain of=be sure of对确信的 be certain to do=be sure to do一定会、必然 make sure/certain of 保证、弄清楚*It is certain that21.challengeface/take up a challenge面对/接收挑战 challengingadj 具有挑战性

77、的 a challenging job22.chancen.机会；可能性 give sb.a chance给一次机会;take a chance/chances冒险；碰运气 by chance/accident 偶然;There isa/no chance that有可能/不可能23.changev.改变、变化;n.变化；零钱（不可数）changeinto把变成;change ones mind改变主意 Great changes have taken place in China.There is no time to get changed before the party.Do you

78、have any change on/with you?24.characteristicadj.独特的 n.特征 特点 a key characteristic of25.chargen./vtchargefor收/要价多少;charge sb.with sth/doing指控某人做了 get the phone charged手机被充电;The soldiers were charging forward bravely.战士们勇敢地向前冲。take charge of负责、管理 in charge of 负责;in the charge of被/由 负责;free of charge免费

79、 26.chatv./n.聊天；闲谈 chatchattedchattedchattinghave a chat with sb.与某人聊天;chat room 聊天室 27.checkv./n.检查；核对；批改;支票 by check 用支票支付 辨析：checkexaminecheck 指核对某事物是否正确,examine 表检查、调查、审查等 check the answerscheck the mailbox 核实邮箱（看有没有信）examine your body/eyesexamine the machine28.cheern./vi.欢呼；喝彩 A great cheer wen

80、t up from the crowd.cheer sb on为某人加油 cheer up振作起来；高兴起来 Cheers!共同举杯 29.cheerfuladj 兴高采烈的，高兴地 a cheerful smile30.cheque check(美)支票 in cash付现金 by check/cheque 用支票支付 31.chickenc/n.小鸡 u/n.鸡肉 Would you like some chicken?来点鸡肉怎么样？Dont count your chickens before they are hatched.不要在还没孵出小鸡之前先数鸡。（别指望过早；别打如意算盘）

81、32.chiefadj.主要的；首要的 n.首领；领导人 chiefs(复数)33.choicec/n.选择；choosev.选择 choosechosechosenmake a choice/make choices做选择 have no choice but to do除了别无选择 We chose Bill as chairman.There are a lot of books to choose from.34.ChristmasMerry Christmas!on Christmas Eve;at Christmas 圣诞节期间 on Christmas 在圣诞节这天 35.chu

82、rchgo to church;attend church 去教堂做礼拜 36.cinema 电影院 go to the cinema37.circlen.圆圈 vi 环绕，盘旋 The plane circled over the airport before landing.38.circulate v.循环，流传，传阅 circulate sth(to sb.)The document will be circulated to all members.39.clarify v.澄清，阐明，使.纯净 clarify a situation/problem/issueclarificati

83、onn.seek clarification of40.classafter class;have classes;the first class 头等；the working class 工人阶级 41.classify 把分类为 classifyintoclassify sb./sth as Only eleven of these accidents were classified as major.42.clean v.打扫；弄干净 clean up；clean the table/the roomadj.清洁的 43.clearadj.清晰的 clear water;clear gl

84、ass;a clear explanation;make oneself clearv 清除，放晴 clear away 雾烟等消散；clear up（天气）放晴；clearlyadv.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 10 页（共 331 页）44.closevt.关闭 adj.近的；亲密的 adv.近地 closely adv.密切地；仔细地 watch closely密切注视；仔细观察 a close friend;be/stand/get close to;close the door/eyes;with his eye

85、s closed/openclose down 关闭、倒闭 45.cloth u/c 布料，抹布；a piece of cloth；a table cloth；clothingu/n(总称)衣服 a piece of clothing；an article of clothingclothes(pl.)衣服；46.coast 海岸 on/along the coast 在岸上/沿岸 off the coast离海岸不远的地方 47.coffeea cup of coffee;a coffee/two coffees48.coin c/nEvery coin has two sides.事物皆有

86、两面性 49.coincidencen.共同发生,巧合 by coincidencewhat a coincidencea strange/remarkable coincidence50.collectvt.收集；搜集 collect stamps/stamp collecting集邮 51.collection 收藏品 a stamp collectionhave a large collection of bine 使联合,使结合 combine A with/and Became-came-comecome up with 提出；想出 come across 偶遇;come about

87、 产生，发生;come on加油；快点；得啦 come true 实现;come up 走近；被提出；想起；发芽 come out 出来；出版 fortv.安慰 u/n 舒适 live in comfort生活安逸;a comfort 令人安慰的人或事 comfortableadj.live a comfortable lifecomfortablyadv.live mandn.&v 命令，指挥，支配 at/by ones commandget command ofunder ones commandhave a good command ofcommand sb.to do mand tha

88、t clause(should do)mentn.评论 make a comment on/about sthvicomment on/upon mit 犯,干(坏事)等 commit murder/suicidecommit sb/yourself to sth/doingcommit yourself(to sth):You dont have to commit yourself now,just think about mona common mistake 常见错误;common practice 惯例;common sense 常识 have much/a lot/little/n

89、othing in common；in common with和一样 municatevt传达，传递（想法，感情，思想等）communicationnHe was eager to communicate his ideas to the group.vi 与某人交流（信息或消息，意见等），沟通 communicate with panyu/n.交往；陪伴 c/n.公司 keep pany 陪伴某人 parecomparewith 把和比较；compareto把比作compared with/to(作状语)与相比 Compared with/to other people,he is pens

90、ate 补偿,赔偿,弥补 compensate for sthcompensate sb for petevi比赛，竞赛 pete with/against sb in sth for pleteadj.完整的 v.完成、结束 a complete story完整的故事 complete the projectcompletelyadv.be completely destroyed彻底毁坏 promise 妥协；折中，互让；和解 agree on a compromisemake a compromise withby compromisereach/come to/arrive at/wo

91、rk out a pulsory 强制的,义务的 It is compulsory for sb to doIt is compulsory for all motorcyclists to wear pulsory education/schoolingcompulsory purchase67.concentratev.集中（思想等）concentrationnI cant concentrate with that noise going on.concentrate(sth)on(doing)sth 集中做I decided to concentrate all my efforts

92、on finding somewhere to live68.concernv1)让某人担忧 What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.2)与有关 be concerned with3)关心，挂念 be concerned about4)就而言 as far as sb is concernedn.show a/no concern aboutconcerningprep.关系到，涉及 He asked me several questions concerning the future of the company.

93、69.concert音乐会；演奏会 go to a concerta live concert现场演奏的音乐会 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 11 页（共 331 页）70.conclude v1)结束 conclude(sth)(with sth)He concluded by wishing everyone a safe trip home.2)推断出 conclude sth from sthWhat do you conclude from that?conclusionn.draw/reach/come to a

94、 conclusion得出结论 in conclusion总之,最后 In conclusion,I would like to thank you.71.concrete,明确的,具体的 concrete floorconcrete evidence72.condemn vt.谴责；判刑；宣告有罪(与 to 连用)迫使接受(困境)，使注定 condemn sb/sth forcondemn sb.tobe condemned/sentenced to73.condition状况；条件 in good/excellent/bad/poor condition处于良好/极佳/糟糕的状况 out

95、of condition 不在状况；living conditions生活条件*on condition that(连词)如果；条件是 They agreed to lend us the car on condition that(only if)we returned it before the weekend.74.conductvt.1)引导，带领 conduct sb around sp2)实施，执行 conduct an experiment3)指挥 conduct a concert4)传导 conduct electricity5)举止，表现 conduct oneselfn.

96、行为，举止 75.confidentadj.be confident about/of sthconfidencen.1)gain/lose confidence2)have confidence in sb/sth3)be in sbs confidence受某人信任，是某人的心腹 4)take sb into your confidence向某人吐露内心秘密 76.confirmvt.证实，批准，确认 confirm sth/that/wh-Rumours of job losses were later confirmed.Has everyone confirmed(that)they

97、 are coming?Can you confirm what happened?77.conflict:in conflict with78.confuse vt1）使糊涂，使迷惑 They confused me with conflicting accounts of what happened.2）混淆 confuse A with/and BBe careful not to confuse quality with quantity.confusionn.1)confusion about/over sth 困惑 There is a confusion about what t

98、he correct procedure should be.2)confusion between A and B 混淆 confusion between letters like“o”or“a”79.congratulation n 祝贺名词常用复数 Congratulations to you!congratulatevcongratulate sb.on sth.祝贺某人在某方面80.connectv.1)connect A to/with/and B 使连接，联结 The towns are connected by trains and bus services.2)connec

99、t sth(to sth)接通，使连接 First connect the printer to the computer.3)connect sb/sth(with sb/sth),be connected with 与有联系/关联 Theory is closely connected with practice.4)为某人接通电话 Hold on,please,Im trying to connect you.81.connectionn.连接物，接触，联系 in connection with sb/sth与有关 A man has been arrested in connectio

100、n with the murder of the manager.82.consequencen.结果，后果；重要性，重大 as a consequence/resultin consequence结果 as a consequence/result ofin consequence of 由于 83.consider1)认为；把看做；2)考虑 1)consider sth/doing sth/wh-考虑 We are considering buying a new car.He was considering what to do next.2)consider sb/sth(as/to

101、be)sth 认为 This award is considered(to be)a great honor.3)sb be considered to have done sth 认为某人已经做了某事 Bell is considered to have invented the telephone.4)all things considered从各方面看来，总而言之 84.considerate:It is considerate of him to wait.consideringprep.85.considerationn.考虑 take sth into consideration考

102、虑到 Taking everything into consideration,the event was a great success.All thingsinto consideration,I think his plan is practical.86.consist vi 包含，组成，构成 1)consist of 由组成 The committee consists of ten members.2)consist in 在于，存在于 The beauty of the city consists in its magnificent buildings.中山纪念中学内部资料 2

103、016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 12 页（共 331 页）consistent adj 一致的 be consistent with 与一致 87.constructionn.建造，建设 be under construction 正在修建中 constructvt1)建造，修建 construct a bridge2)创建 construct a theory86.consultvt1)咨询，请教 consult sb(about)sth2)与某人商量 consult(with)sb about/on sth3)查阅，查询 consult a di

104、ctionary88.containv.container n.容器，集装箱 1)包含/括 The book contains 12 units.2）含有物质/成分 Sea water contains a lot of salt.3）容纳、装有 The envelope contained 500 dollars.奇速英语微信公众号 qisuen89.contentadj.甘愿的，满意的；n.内容 be content with 满足于；be content to do 甘愿做某事 the content of the article 文章内容；read the contents of th

105、e book读目录 90.continuev.继续 continue doing/to do/with91.contraryadj.相反的 Contrary to popular belief,many cats dislike milk.n.相反，反而 on the contrary相反，反之 92.contribute v.1)contribute(sth)(to/towards sth)捐献，捐赠 We contributed 5000 yuan to the earthquake fund.2)contribute to 导致，有助于 Smoking contributes to lu

106、ng cancer.3)contribute(sth)(to sth)撰稿，在会议或会谈期间讲话，发表意见 She contributed(a number of articles)to the magazine.We hope everyone will contribute to the discussion.93.contributionn.贡献，奉献 make a contribution to sth 对做贡献 94.conveniencen.便利 at ones conveniencefor ones convenienceconvenientadjIt is convenient

107、 for sb to do sthIt is convenient to sbIf(it is)convenient95.convey 传送,传达,表达 convey sth to sbconvey sb/sth from to96.convince 使确信,使信服 convince sb/yourself of sthconvince sb to doI have been trying to convince him to see a doctor.convincedadj.be convinced of/that:I am convinced that she is innocent.I

108、 am convinced of her innocence.97.cornern.街角；困境；vt 使落入圈套 There is a hotel on/at the corner of the street.drive/force sb into a corner 把某人逼入困境 round/around the corner 很近，在附近 98.correctadj 正确的，恰当的；vt 纠正，批改 I think youve made the correct decision.I spent all evening correcting essays.correctlyadv.Have

109、you spelled it correctly?99.costn 花费；代价，损失；vt 需付费；使损失 the high/low cost of housingshe saved him from the fire but at the cost of her own life.at all costs 不惜任何代价 You must stop the press from finding out at all costs.The hospital will cost 2 million dollars to build.That one mistake almost cost him h

110、is life.100.countv 数数；重要 Every point in this game counts.count down倒计时 count on sb/sth 依赖 Im counting on you to help me.112.couplen.两人、物；几个人、物；一对夫妻 a young/an elderly coupleI saw a couple of men get out.We went there a couple of years ago.101.couragen.courageousadjtake courage(from sth)因某事而鼓起勇气;lose

111、 courage102.coursen.课程；航线；进程；一道菜 take a course in art and designThe plane was on/off course.an event that changed the course of historyThe main course was roast duck.in course of sth 在的过程中 in/over the course of在期间 103.coverv.遮盖；覆盖；涉及，处理；足以支付；行走一段路程；占一片面积；报道 She covered her face with her hands.Much o

112、f the country is covered by forest.The survey covers all aspects of the company.Your parents will have to cover your tuition fees.$100 should cover your expenses.By sunset we had covered thirty miles.The park covers an area of 1000 square kilometers.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第

113、13 页（共 331 页）She is covering the conference.104.crazyadj 疯狂的，愚蠢的，非常气愤的；热衷于 She must be crazy to lend him money.That noise is driving me crazy.Rick is crazy about football.like crazy/mad 拼命地，疯狂地 We worked like crazy to get it done on time.105.creditn.1)on credit赊购，赊欠 2)three credits三个学分 3)credit card

114、信用卡 4)to ones credit值得赞扬，使受尊重(Much/Greatly)to his credit,Jack refused to accept the gift.106.crossv.穿越，横过；交叉，交叠；adj 生气的，愤怒的 cross the mountains 翻过高山 She sat with her legs crossed.I was cross with him for being late.acrossprep.run across the road107.crowdn.人群；v.挤满，使拥挤 Police had to break up the crowd

115、.Crowds of people poured into the street.Thousands of people crowded the narrow streets.crowdedadj 拥挤的 In the spring the place is crowded with skiers.108.crueladj 残忍的；引起痛苦的 be cruel toHer fathers death was a cruel blow.cruellyadv.crueltyn109.curecure sb of sth；find a cure for110.curiousadjbe curious

116、 about be curious to docuriouslyadv.curiousityn.111.custom n.风俗，习俗；个人习惯 It is the custom in that country for women to marry young.It was her custom to rise early.112.cutv.have ones hair cutHis salary has been cut by ten percent.他的薪金减少了 10%。cut through 抄近路穿过；走近路 cut down 砍倒；削减，缩小 We need to cut the a

117、rticle down to 1000 words.cut in 插嘴；打断 She kept cutting in on our conversation.cut off 停止，中断；割掉，砍掉；切断的去路，以外界隔绝 Our water supply has been cut off.He had his finger cut off in an accident at work.The army was cut off from its base.cut up 切碎 He cut up the meat on his plate.cut sth out of sth 裁剪 She cut

118、 the dress out of some old materials.D1.dailyn.adj.adv.a daily visitbe visited dailyThe story was in all the dailies.2.damagev.The storm did/caused great damage to the country.Smoking seriously damages your health.3.dangern.How many workers are in danger of losing their jobs?Doctors said she is now

119、out of danger.Police said the man was a danger to the public.dangerous adjIt would be dangerous for you to stay here.4.darev.He didnt dare(to)say what he thought.How dare you你竟敢 How dare you talk to me like that?I dare say 我想，很可能 I dare say you know about it already.5.daten.v.We need to fix a date f

120、or the next meeting.date back to/date froma law dating from the 17th century.make a date6.dawnn.They start work at dawn.We arrived in Sydney as dawn broke.He works from dawn till dusk.7.deal dealt dealtv.deal with 对付，应付；解决，处理；涉及，关于 She is used to dealing with all kinds of people in her job.Have you

121、dealt with these letters yet?Her poems often deal with the subject of death.a good/great deal ofThey spent a great deal of money.It is a deal.就这么办吧！8.debtn.债务，欠款 pay off/clear/repay the debtsbe in debt 欠债 go/get/run/slip into debt 陷入债务之中 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 14 页（共 331 页

122、）9.decisionn.make a decision10.declarev.公布，宣布；声明，断言 The government has declared a state of emergency.Germany declared war on France on 1 August 1914.He declared that he was in love with her.declare for声明支持 declare against 声明反对 11.decline 拒绝,谢绝,下降 The number of tourists declined by 10%.Her health was

123、 declining rapidly.I offered to give them a lift but they declined with thanks.12.decoratev.装饰修饰 decorationn.装饰，装饰品，奖章 decorate A with B 装点，布置 decorate sb.for bravery 因为勇敢授予奖章 13.decrease v.(使)减少，变小 decrease(sth.)to 1000decrease(sth.)by 10%14.deedn.do a good deed15.defeatv.n.a narrow defeat 惜败 a hea

124、vy defeat 惨败 admit defeatHe defeated the champion.16.defendv.We are trained to defend themselves against knife attacks.我们都接受过自卫训练，能够对付持刀袭击。Troops have been sent to defend the borders.已派出部队去守卫边疆。He defended his wife against rumours and allegations.针对谣言和指控他为妻子进行了辩护。defencen.Soldiers who died in defenc

125、e of their country17.degreen.度数（角）；度数（温度）；程度；学位 an angle of ninety degrees Water freezes at zero degree.I agree with you to a certain degree.He has a masters degree from Harvard.18.delayv.a delay of two hoursa two-hour delayreport it to the police without delayThousands of passengers were delayed fo

126、r over an hour.delay doing:He delayed telling her news,waiting for the right moment.19.delight 快乐,乐事 to the delight of sbwith delighttake(great)delight in doing:He takes great delight in proving others wrong.The guitar is a delight to play.delight in sth/doing sthdelighted:be delighted to do/that/by

127、/at/withHe was delighted at the news of the wedding.20.deliverdeliver a babyDo you have your milk delivered?She is due to deliver a lecture.安排她做一个演讲。21.demandv.meet/satisfy ones demandsin demandGood secretaries are always in demand.I demand to see the manager.I demand that all the books be sent to T

128、ibet.22.dependv.depend onHe was the sort of person you could depend on.Depend upon it we wont give up.请相信我们绝不会放弃。It/That depends.23.describe/descriptionCan you describe him to me?a brief/general description24.designv.design a car/a kitchena badly designed kitchenbe designed forThe film is designed f

129、or children.be designed to doThe programme is designed to help poor people.25.desiren.v.we all desire health and happiness.a strong desire for power26.destroyv.The building was completely destroyed by fire.27.determinev.determine to doThey determined to start early.be determined to doI am determined

130、 to succeed.determinationHe fought the illness with courage and determination.28.developv.发展，壮大；疾病开始侵袭；冲洗 She developed the company from nothing.I had the film developed.Her son developed asthma when he was two.develop a habitdeveloped/developing/developmentwith the development of science and techno

131、logy29.devotionn.奉献，奉献精神 devotev.奉献，贡献 ones devotion to his jobdevote oneself/ones time/ones energy to sth./doing sth.be devoted to sth/doing sth中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 15 页（共 331 页）30.diary日记 n.keep a diary31.dictation听写 n.have a dictation32.diet n.饮食 go/be on a diet 节食 33

132、.differentadj.不同的 A be different from B in sthdifferencen.区别 tell the difference between A and B in sthmake a/no/some difference to sb/sthThe rain didnt make much difference to the game.34.difficultadj./difficultyn.have difficulty(in)doing sthhave difficulty with 名词 35.dig(dug,dug,digging)v.挖；挖掘 dig

133、 a holedig sth up 掘地，平整土地；挖掘出 36.directionn.方向，指导 in the direction of朝.方向 in all directions 朝四面八方 under sbs direction 在指导下 37.disableda.残废的，残疾的 The disabled were sent to the hospital.38.disadvantageadvantages and disadvantagestake advantage ofhave an advantage over 优于39.disagree vi.意见不一致，持不同意见 disag

134、ree with what sb.saiddisagree on/about sth 就某事达成一致意见 sth disagree with sb食物天气等使某人身体不适 40.disappointv.使.失望 The movie disappointed me.disappointed/disappointingbe disappointed with/in about/atbe disappointed to see/hear/finda disappointed expressiondisappointing newsdisappointmentn.失望 much to ones dis

135、appointmentbe a disappointment to sb41.discount n.折扣 discount priceat a discount 以折扣价 42.discourage 使气馁 discourage sb from doing sthdiscourageddiscouragingdiscouragement43.discoverv./discovery n.make a discovery44.discussv.discuss sth with sbdiscussionn.under discussionhave/hold a discussion45.dishn

136、.盘子，餐具 Ill do the dishes.我来洗碗。46.dislikev.不喜欢，厌恶 1)dislike doing2)dislike it+从句 47.dismissv.1)拒绝考虑 dismiss sth asHe just laughed and dismissed my suggestion as unrealistic.他只是笑笑，就以不实际为由拒绝了我的建议。2）解雇 dismiss sb for sthdismiss sb.from the post3)打发走，解散 The teacher will dismiss the class early today beca

137、use of the snow.48.distancen.距离 distantadj.远的 in the distance 在远处 at a distance of 数字 隔.距离 49.distinction n.区别，差别；卓越，优秀 1）make/draw a distinction 区别对待 2）the distinction between A and B3)of great distinction 卓越的 4）have the distinction of doing sth有荣誉殊荣做某事 50.distinguish v区别，辨别 distinguish between A a

138、nd B=distinguishA from B51.dividev.划分；分配；除；divide sth up into 把.分成.份 divide sth up between/among sb 在.之间均分 The food was divided among all the people。Nine divided by three is three.Opinions are divided on the problem.52.divorce 离婚，离异 1)n.get a divorcedivorce rate2)v.get divorced53.donate 捐赠,捐献 donate

139、 sth to sb/sthdonation:organ donationmake a donation to54.doubtn./v.怀疑 I never doubted that she would come.I doubted whether/if she would come.without/beyond doubt 毫无疑问 there is no doubt about sth55.downstairsadv.到楼下，在楼下 go downstairs56.downtownadj.市中心的；adv.往市中心区 a downtown officego downtown57.dozen

140、n.打 2 dozen eggs2 dozen of these eggsdozens of eggssell eggs by the dozen.58.drag-dragged-dragged 拖，拽 1)drag a leg2)drag sb down 使某人感到不愉快 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 16 页（共 331 页）59.draw-drew-drawnv.画；拉，拖；吸引；draw the curtainsdraw sbs attention to sthdraw a conclusion 得出结论 draw

141、near 临近，接近 Christmas is drawing near.60.dreamn.v.做梦 dream of/about+n/doingdream a good dream61.dressn.衣服 v.穿衣服 She dressed the child in a coat.She dressed well/badly.be dressed in 状态 get dressed in 动作 dress up打扮 dress up as Father Christmas62.drink-drank-drunkn.饮料 v.喝 drink to为干杯 Lets drink to the f

142、riendship between us.drunk喝醉的 drunken 喝醉了的 63.drivev.驾驶，开车；驱逐；迫使 drive a car/taxidrive sb mad64.dropn.滴 v.落下；降低；倒下 The fruit dropped down from the tree.The price of sugar will drop soon.drop behind 落在后面 drop in on sb/at sp 顺便拜访人、地 drop off下降，减退；睡着了，打盹 drop out of sth 从.退出，不再参加He dropped out of polit

143、ics.65.drownv.淹死；（声音）掩盖 a drowning man/a drowned manThe noise of the train drowned his voice.66.drugn.药；毒品 take drugs 吸毒 drug addict 吸毒上瘾的人 67.dryadj.干的 v.弄干 dry up 干涸；枯竭，耗尽 68.dueadj.到期的，预期的 be due to sb/sth 因为，由于 The teams success was largely due to her efforts.be due to do 预期干某事 The next train is

144、 due to arrive in five minutes.The homework is due.E-F1.eageradj.渴望的 be eager for sthbe eager to do2.earnv.挣；赢得；arn a living/earn ones livingshe earns the respect of her students.3.easyadj.Easier said than done 说时容易做时难 Take it easy 别急，放松 4.educatev.教育，培养 educateda.受过教育的 an educated personeducationn.

145、教育 receive a good education5.effectn.影响，效果 cause and effect因果 bring sth into effect 使生效 come into effect 生效 take effect 开始起作用，见效 have a effect on sb/sth 对某人、某物有.影响 The medicine soon took effect.New controls come into effect next month.v.affectDoes television affect childrens behaviour?Does televisio

146、n have an effect an childrens behaviour?6.effortn.努力 make an effort/make every effort/make efforts 做出努力 spare no effort(s)不遗余力 7.eldern 长者；长辈；adj 年纪较长的（只做定语）elder sister 大姐 Children have no respect for their elders nowadays.8.elect（投票）选举 v.elect sb.(as)an elected leader/representativen.electionwin/l

147、ose a electionrun for election 参加竞选 9.1）electricala.电的，电器的 lectrical equipment/engineer2）electric 用电的，电动的 electric current 电流 electric shock 电击 electric blanket3)electronic 电子的 electronic calendar10.else adj 别的/其他的（做后置定语）or else 否则 You can use somebody elses car.Who else can do it?11.embarrass v.使尴尬

148、 embarrassed-embarrassing embarrassmentembarrass sb.feel embarrassed about12.emergency n.紧急情况 in case of(an)emergency13.encouragement n.鼓励-encourage-encouraged-encouragingencourage sb to do sth14.endn.末尾;终点;结束 v.结束;终止 bring sth to an endend up in failureput an end to sthend up doingcome to an endend

149、 up with15.energetic a.精力旺盛的，精力充沛的 energetically adv.energy n.精力 be full of energy中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 17 页（共 331 页）16.enough n 足够 adj 足够的/充分的 ad 足够地/充分地 I cant thank you enough.=I cant thank you too much.old enough to go to schoolThere are enough chairs for the guests.1

150、7.enter vt 进入,参加 entrance 入口，入学 enter a roomenter for 报名参加enter the competitionthe entrance to the hallthe college entrance exanimation 大学入学考试 18.enthusiastic a.热情的，热心的 enthusiastically adv.be enthusiastic about19.entry 进入 Countries seeking entry into the European Union.20.environment n.环境 protect t

151、he environmentenvironmentally friendly21.envy vt/n 嫉妒/羡慕 envy sb sththe envy of sb22.equal adj 平等的，相同的 vt 等于 be equal to sth/doingequal the world record23.equip vt.提供设备；装备；配备_,equip withbe fully equippedThe course is designed to equip students for a career in nursing.equipment(不可数)装备/设备 a piece of e

152、quipment24.escape v/n 逃跑，逃脱 escape+n/doing 逃避escape from 逃离（地点）a narrow escape26.every other day=every second day=every two days 每隔一天、每两天 every few days 每几天 27.exact adj 精确的 to be exact 确切的说 exactly adv 精确地 This is exactly what he needs.28.examine vt 检查/诊察 have ones eyes examined29.example n 榜样 set

153、an example to/for sbtake sth for examplefollow sbs example30.except prep 除之外 His composition is good except for some spelling mistakes.I didnt tell him anything except that I needed the money.31.exchange 交换，调换，交流 n.1）fair exchange 公平的交换 2)in exchange 作为交换 He gave me a book and I gave him a pen in ex

154、change3)in exchange for sth 和交换 I took his watch in exchange in exchange for camerav.exchange A for B=exchange B with Aexchange greetings32.excitevt 使兴奋/使激动 If the loud noise excites the lion,he may attack you.We are excited to hear the exciting news.in an excited voice33.exist vi 存在 There exists no

155、 life on the moon.(有)existence n.存在 come into existence 开始存在，成立 be in existence 存在 35.expect 预料；盼望；认为,预料，预期，预计 You cant expect to learn a foreign language in a few months.expect sth of/from sb.expect too much of sbI except so/I dont except so-Will you be late?-I expect so.(I guess/think so)As expect

156、ed,they finished the work ahead of time.expectation n.预料，期望 beyond(all)expectation(s)出乎意料 contrary to(all)expectations 和预料相反 come up tpo ones expectations 达到期望水平 fall short of ones expectations没达到期望 in expectation of 准备（有某种情况）He closed the windows in of rain.36.experiencen 经历(cn)经验(un)v 经历,体验 experi

157、ence a different culturebe experienced in sth/doing=have experience in sth/doing37.experimentn 实验 make/do/perform/carry out an experiment38.expertn.专家 He is an cook.adj.有经验的 be atHe is at playing the piano.39.explain v 解释 explain sth to sbexplanationn 解释 40.exploitvt.利用,剥削 In the past,farmers were b

158、y landlords.开采，开发 We must the country s mineral resourcesexploitationn.41.explore vt./vi 勘探 explore sth for sthexplorationn.oil exploration43.expose 揭露 陈述，揭露（尤指对令人震惊的或故意保密的事实）My job as a journalist is to expose the truth.露出 He smiled,exposing a set of amazingly white teeth.Dont expose a baby to stro

159、ng sunlight.44.express v,表达;adj,快的 expression n 表达/词句/表情/神色 You are free to express yourselves in class.have a worried expression on ones face45.eye n 眼睛/眼力 have an eye for sth 对有鉴赏力 keep an eye on sb/sth 照看/留意 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 18 页（共 331 页）catch ones eye 吸引注意力 46.fa

160、ce n 脸，表情 v 面对，面向，正视 face sth 面朝，面对 be faced with 面对，遇到 47.fade vt./vi 褪色，（颜色）消退 The sun had faded the curtains.The curtains had faded in the sun.fade away(to disappear gradually)her smile/laughter/voice faded away48.fail v.失败，不及格，衰退，未发生 failuren,失败 fail to do sthpower failurefail(in)sthwords failed

161、 me.fail in doingMy eyesight failed.If rain fails,the farmers will suffer.I fail to see why you wont give it a try.failure.n.失败 Failure is the mother of success失败的人或事 The man is a.The party was a 49.fair adj 公平的，相当大的，白皙的，晴朗的,金黄的：n.博览会 a fair price/fair skin/a fair day/fair hairfairly pretty50.fall(f

162、ell fallen)n 秋季，跌倒;v 降落，突然到来；系动词 v 进入状态 fall ill/asleep/silentfall behindfall overfall to the groundfall down from./fall offA sudden silence fell.My birthday falls on a Monday this year.51.fantastic.adj.极好的 That s an idea.巨大的 a amount of money荒诞的 a dream52.far adj/adv 远的，远地 farther,further(further 表

163、抽象含义 further study)far from:离远；远远不His work is far from satisfactory.As/so far as I can see=In my opinion=Personally 依我看.53.fault n 缺点，毛病 Why should I say sorry when its not my fault?find fault with sb54.favor n 恩惠，好处，帮忙 Could you do me a favor?Can I ask a favor?请帮个忙好吗？We are all in favor of the plan

164、.55.feast 盛会，宴会 v.feast your eyesn.a wedding feastThe evening was a real feast for music lovers.56.feedv 喂养，饲养 They have a large family to feed.We feed horses on grass.(We feed grass to horses.)57.feel(felt,felt)vt,link.v 发觉，意识到，感觉 She couldnt feel her legs.他的双腿失去了知觉。You will feel better after a goo

165、d nights sleep.I am not quite feeling myself today.We teachers feel strongly that The blind man felt his way along the road.feel like sth/doing sth58.fewn,adj 不多，少数，少数的，only a few/quite a few/a good few/every few daysI have a few friends here./I have few friends here.The few friends I made here are

166、all teachers.59.figure n,v 数字，图形，身形，人物 be round in figure 呈圆形 have a good figure身材好 figure out a problem 算出一道题 I couldnt figure out who he was.我想不出他是谁。60.fillvtvi 填满，装满 Fill the glass with water.A big crowd filled the hall.Her eyes suddenly filled with tears.fill in the blank/fill in the hole/fill u

167、p61.filmn v 电影，影片，拍摄 develop a filmEverything was covered in a film of dust.62.find(found,found)找到，发现，感到 find ones wayI find it necessary to find a good map.When she came to,she found herself lying in bed.The teacher found herself surrounded by her students.I wanted to talk to him but he was nowhere

168、 to be found.63.fire n 火 v 射击，开火，解雇,点燃 be on fire for/fire sb64.fit n 合适的衣服 adj 合适的，胜任的 v 适合 a good fit/be fit for/be fit to do/keep fit/fit sb well/think(see)fit to do 认为合适 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 19 页（共 331 页）65.fix v.修理，安装，确定，决定 Has the date of the meeting been fixed?The

169、 car cant startcan you fix it?All the students are listening to the teacher with their eyes fixed on the blackboard.This is a fixed phrase.66.flash n 闪光，转瞬间 v 闪光 Memories flashed through my mind.往事历历在目。a flash of lightning/in a flash69.flesh.n.肉 your own and blood 你自己的亲骨肉 intheflesh 亲自，本人 70.flood n

170、 洪水，一大阵 v 淹没 The river is in flood.河水泛滥。What a flood of rain.好大一阵雨。Letters flooded the office.信件大量涌入办事处。Warmth flooded my heart.我心里热乎乎的。71.floor n 地板，（议会的）发言权 take the floor 发言 live on the third floorhave/get the floor 取得发言权 72.fluentadj.流利的 He is in English.He speaks Englishfluentlyadv.fluencyn.73.

171、fly(flew,flown)v 飞，飞行，放，飘，突然开 n 飞行，苍蝇 Birds fly in the sky.A flag flies in the wind.How time flies.时间飞逝。The door flew open.门突然开了。74.focus.vt.集中 one s eyes/attentionEyes were ed onhim n.焦点，引人注目的中心 75.follow v 跟随，效仿，跟得上 follow sb up the stairs/follow ones example/follow this roadin the following years

172、Their requirements are as follows.Do you follow me?The teacher came in,followed by some students./following some students.76.fool n 傻子 v 愚弄 make a fool of sbfool sb into doing sthAll(April)Fools Day77.forten for a dollar/take sb for a fool/So much for today/a ticket for tomorrowHe is tall for his ag

173、e78.forbid 禁止；不许_,forbid sb.from doingforbid sb.to doforbid doingthe Forbidden City79.force v 强迫，迫使 n 外力 force sb to do sthforce sb into doingforce ones wayforce a smile82.forget v 忘记 forget to do sth/forget doingDont forget me to your mother.You must do it before you forget it.Forget about sth 别再想F

174、orget it.83.fortune u/n 财产；运气 seek ones fortunemake ones fortune84.free v 自由的，空闲的，免费的 be free from/offree of charge/for free/free sb from(of)a tax-free shop/a smoke-free room85.freeze vivt 结冰 Water freezes at zero degrees centigrade.I am freezing.我快冻僵了。Smiles froze on her face.笑容在她脸上僵住了。be frozen/fr

175、eeze to deathfreezing cold/burning hot86.fresh adj 新鲜的 fresh air/water/color/news87.friend n 朋友 make friends with sba friend of Marys/a friend of minefriendly adj 友好的 88.fun n 有趣的事，娱乐，玩笑 It is great fun to swim in a pool in summer.have fun doingjust for funmake fun of sb89.function.n.功能，作用，职责 the of

176、 a chairman.聚会，集会 official sv.起作用，正常工作 The machine functions well.G1.gain n.收益，获利 v 获得，赚得，赢得 gain knowledgeThe clock gains.He gained 10kg in weight.No pains,no gains.2.gathervtvi 聚集，采集 gatheringn.gather breath/gather courage/gather strengthShe gathered a crowed around her.A crowed of people gathered

177、 around her.The train was gathering speed.3.generousadj.慷慨大方的 It s of you to lend me the car.be to sb 对某人慷慨 丰盛的 a meal.generosityn.4.get v 成为，得到，到达 Mother often gets me to wash the dishes.The machine broke down.Can you get it working?中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 20 页（共 331 页）I a

178、m going to get my bike repaired.You got it.Hard work can get you somewhere.get sth across to sbget along withget down to doingget rid ofget roundget away withget away fromget on6.giftn 赠品，礼 a birthday gifthave a gift fora man of many giftsgifted=talented 有天赋的 a student7.give v 递给，付出，给予 give out/up/a

179、way/in/off8.gloryn.荣誉，光荣，赞美 It s a great glory to die for our country.gloriousadj.9.go v 去，走，到 n 尝试 All the money he got went in books.The story goes that there was a mean landlord named ZhouBapi.Where does the book go?There is five minutes to go./There is a long way to go.go hungry/thirsty/mad/bad/

180、wronghave a go 试试 be on the go 忙碌 10.goodadjnhave a good time doinga good few booksa good many booksgive sb a good beatingas good as 和一样好，几乎 be good at Englishbe good for ones healthbe good to sbdo good to sb=do sb goodIt is no good doing11.graspvt.抓牢，抓紧 He suddenly my arm.理解，领会 He d what I said.12.

181、grateful 感激的，感谢的 be grateful for/thatIm so grateful for all your help.She was grateful that he helped him a lot.13.greedyadj.贪婪的 Its for you to take so money.贪图权利 be for power14.greetv 招呼，迎接，入（耳），触（目），扑（鼻）greet sb with a nod 点头示意 greet the New Year 迎接新年 A sweet smell greets the nose.香气扑鼻 15.grow vtv

182、ilink.v 成长，变得 He grew tall./old.I grew to like the dog.(grow to do=come to do)a growing number of people16.guarantee 保证 guarantee sb./sthI you a wonderful film.guarantee to doI cant to work for more than a year.guarantee that I that youll love this film.17.guess v 猜测 What do you guess has happened t

183、o him?I guess so./I guess not.You have guessed it.18.guidancen.引导，指导，建议 under one with ones helpguidev/n.引导，导游 19.guiltyadj.有罪的 He was of murder.He was found .I feel of what I did.32.guitar.H1.habit n 习惯 form/develop the(a)habit ofbe in the(a)habit offall/get into the(a)habit of2.hand v 传递 n 手，指针 ha

184、ve a hand ingive/lend sb a handhand in/out/downfrom hand to handon the one handon the other hand3.handlen.把手 the of the doorvt.处理，应付 I have no idea how to the children.4.handy 便利的，顺手的 Its quite a handy little tool.I always keep my gun handy just in case.5.hang vt vi 绞刑，上吊，悬挂 hang ones head in shame

185、含羞低头 hang curtainshang out/up6.happenv 发生，碰巧 What happened to her?It so happened that I had no money with me.I happened to have no money with me.7.hardly 几乎不 Hardly does she go home.Hardly had he got home when it began to rain.8.harm危害 ndo(no)to sb/sthv sb/sth9.harvestn.A heavy snow promises a good

186、harvest.瑞雪兆丰年 get in the harvest 收庄稼 10.hatev.hate to do/doingI hate it when people cry.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 21 页（共 331 页）11.havev.1 have(got)to2 have on 穿着(表状态，无进行时态)He had a red jacket on.3 have sth done 让别人做某事/主语遭受 Is this the watch you have repaired?She had her bag s

187、tolen.4 have sb do 让某人去做某事 Who do you have type the letter?5 have something/nothing to do with与.有/没有关系 6 have sb doing使某人做某事/与 cannot/wont 连用表示不能容忍I have my students listening attentively.我使学生们听得入神.I cant have people arriving late all the time.我不能忍受人们总是迟到.12.head1)n.1 use your head 动动脑筋 2 hold ones

188、head high 趾高气扬 3 from head to foot/toe 从头到脚 4 hit sb.on the head 击中某人的头 2)v.head for sp.朝某处走去 13.healthn.healthyadj.in good/bad healthkeep healthy diet14.hearv.1 hear about/of 听说 2 hear from 收到某人的来信 3 hear sb.do/doing 听到某人做了某事/听到某人正在做某事 15.heartn.1 learn sth.by heart 记住 2 lose heart 灰心,泄气 3 lose one

189、s heart to sb.倾心于某人 4 heart and soul 全心全意 5 from the bottom of ones heart 由衷的 16.heavyadj.heavilyadv.1a heavy smoker 烟瘾极大的人 2heavy rain/traffic 大雨/交通繁忙 3 rain heavily17.heightn.1 at a height of 30,000 meters2 Its about 2 meters high/in height.18.helpn./v.1 help sb.(to)do/with sth.2 help sb out of 帮助

190、.摆脱3 cant help doing 禁不住做4 can not help but do 不得不做某事 5 help oneself to sth.随便用6 with ones help 19.helpfuladj.be very =be of great help20.hesitatevt.to do sthhesitationn.without hesitation21.high1)adj.at a high/low pricein a high voicein high spirits2)adv.与 highly 的区别 1high 表示具体的含义“高高地”fly high in t

191、he sky/jump high2highly 表示的是抽象的含义“高度地”a highly developed countrythink/speak highly of22.historyn.1 in history 在历史上 2 the history of America 美国的历史 3 have a long history/have a history of4 make history 创造历史 23.hit(hit,hit)1)v.1 撞 击打 hit sb.on the head2 袭击 An earthquake hit there.3 突然想起 An idea hit/str

192、ike/occur to me.It suddenly hit me that.2)n.受欢迎的/引起轰动的人或物 He is a real hit./a hit song24.hold-held-held1 catch/get/take hold of抓住 拿着 2 hold a meeting 举行会议 hold ones breath屏住呼吸 hold office/the position 任职 hold sb.prisoner 监禁某人 hold ones head high 趾高气扬 hold together（使）团结一致 3 hold on 别挂断；稍等，等着；坚持住，挺住 h

193、old up 支撑;延误，耽搁；抢劫；举出例子，提出作为榜样 An accident is holding up traffic.Shes always holding up her children as models of good behavior.hold on to 抓住不放；保住不出卖 hold back 拦阻；向某人隐瞒（from sb.）;抑制，控制 She managed to hold back her anger/tears.hold out 坚持，维持；伸出手，递出东西；hold out my hands4 容纳 The plane holds about 300 pa

194、ssengers.25.honor1)n.荣誉，光荣 1 in honor of 为了纪念 向某人表达敬意 2 Its an honor for sb.to do sth.2)v.honor sb.给某人荣耀 The president honored us with a personal visit.sb.be honored感到荣幸 I was honored to have been mentioned in his speech.26.hope1)n.in(the)hope of/that clause.抱着的希望 He went abroad in the hope of earni

195、ng a lot of money.2)v.1hope to do sth.hope so/I hope not.3 hope for 期待着 Hope for the best,prepare for the worst4 I hope that you are well./I wish that I were a bird.27 hostn。主人 hostess主持人 of the TV show中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 22 页（共 331 页）东道主 countryvt.主持，主办 the party/meeti

196、ng/Olympic games28.hostess n.hostactoractresswaiter waitressgodgoddess29.hug v.hugged huggedThey put their arms around each other and hugged.The track hugs the coast for a mile.(有一段距离紧挨某物)n.He stopped to receive hugs and kisses from the fans.He gave her mother a big hug.30.humor n.-humourous adj.n.I

197、 cant stand people with no sense of humor.They failed to see the humor of the situation.v.she thought it best to humor him rather than get into an argument.31.hunt v.a.lions sometimes hunt alone./whales are being hunted and killed.b.she is hunting for a new job.c.police are hunting for an escaped cr

198、iminal.hunt sb downhunt out32.hurry1)v.hurry sb./sth.up 催促某人 hurry up快点，赶快 2）n.in a hurry 赶快 33.hurtvi./vt.hurt ones feelings/leg；be badly hurtMy leg hurts.Where does it hurt?你哪疼？I-J-K1.idean.have some/no idea+从句/of I have no idea why she left./I have no idea of his address.2.identitynThe police are

199、 trying to discover the identity of the killer.The thief used a false identity.identity card=ID card4.illadj1)ill 与 sick 的区别 He was ill/sick.a sick mother2)=badhave a bad/an ill effect on影响不好 speak/think ill of sb.说某人的坏话 5.illegal/legaladj.It is illegal to drive through a red light.illegallyadv.He e

200、ntered the country illegally.6.imaginev.imagine sth./doing sth.I cant imagine life without the children now.I cant imagine his becoming a teacher.7.immediatelyadv.He answered almost immediately.Turn right immediately after the church.conj.Immediately he had gone,I remembered her name.immediateadj.an

201、 immediate reaction/responsetake immediate action8.import 进口，输入 n.the import of electrical goods.v.All the meat is imported from France.9.impressionn.a)get a good/bad impression of sba general/an overall impressionb)My words made no impression on her.His trip to India makes a strong impression on hi

202、m.c)be under the impression thatI was under the impression that the work had already been completed.impressv.impress sb with sth/sbHe impressed us with his sincerity.impress sth on/upon sbHe impressed on us the need for immediate action.impress sth/itself on/upon sthHer words impressed themselves on

203、 my memory.11.inprep.1 in a word 一句话说 2 in all 总共 3 in modern times4 be measured in tons 用吨来衡量 5 in that 因为 She was lucky in that she had friends to help her.6 in the eighteenth century/in the1990s7 in ones twenties8 in pencil/English/ink 用铅笔/英语/墨水 9 pay sth in cash10 The wall is 3meters in height/h

204、igh./The rope is 3 meters in length/long.12.include v.Everyone laughed,including me.(me included.)13.increase1)v.increase to/by 增加到/了 2)nGreat demands lead to a large increase in supply.increasingly adv.越来越多的，不断增加的 increasingly difficult/important/popular15.indicateA red sky at night often indicated

205、 fine weather the next day.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 23 页（共 331 页）In his letter,he indicated to us that he was willing to cooperate.indicationn.indication of sth/doing sthThey gave no indication of how the work should be done.16.industryn.-industrial adj.heavy/light industry1

206、7.influencen.have a strong on/upon sb/sthover sb/sthHis parents no longer have any over her.under the of sb/sthHe committed the crime under the of the drugs.Those friends are a bad on her.v.His writings have d the lives of millions.18.inform 告诉，通知 inform sb.of/thatWe regret to inform you that your a

207、pplication has been rejected.keep sb.informed ofmake informed decision19.injure v.He d his knee playing football.This could seriously the companys reputation.injury n.injuriesThere were no injuries in the crash.The players are out of the team because of injury.20.insertv.sth in/into/between sthThey

208、a tube in his mouth to help him breathe.sth into sthHe ed a paragraph into his will.21.insistv.1The man insisted that he hadnt stolen anything and that he(should)be set free.2 insist on doing sth.22.inspectv.inspectionn.inspectorn.The teacher walked around inspecting their work.23.instantn/adj.-inst

209、antlyadv.adj.The show was an success.coffee/noodlesn.I will be back in an.At the very,the door opened.I recognized her the I saw her.24.insteadadv.Lee was ill,so I went instead./He didnt reply.Instead,he left.instead of:Now I can walk to work instead of going by car.25.instruct v.sb to doShe arrived

210、 at 10 o clock as ed.The letter him to report to headquarters immediately.instructionn.follow ones instructionscarry out/ignore ones s26.insure 给保险 vt.Have you insured the contents of your home?27.intend 想要，打算 intend(sb.)to doI intend to spend the night there.intend thatIt is intended that these mee

211、tings will become a regular event.be intended for sb./sthThe book,intended for children aged 5-7,sells well.28.intentionn of doing sth/to do sthI have no of going to the wedding.I had every of paying her back what I owe her.She is full of good s.He left England with the of traveling in Africa.29.int

212、erest1)v.interest sb.I bought the book that interested me most.2)n.1 兴趣（U）show/have/feel/express(an)interest in lose interest inI watched the game with interest.2 利益(C)常用复数形式 protect customers interests3 a place of interest/places of interest30.interpretern.interpretv.the poem sth asI didnt know whe

213、ther to her silence as acceptance or refusal.for sbHer children for her.31.interviewn.a television/newspaper/radio v.Which post are you being ed for?If you dont well,you are unlikely to get the job.interviewee/interviewern.32.introducev.introduction n.1 introduce sb.to sb./oneself2 introduce sb.to s

214、th.使初次了解 It was she who first introduced me to the pleasures of sailing。3introduce new technology4 an introduction to English grammar33.jam n.traffic jam34.the Japanese language35.join v.1join the party/army2join sb.in sth./doing sth.3join in the game4join hands with sb.5 连接 join A to B./join A and

215、BThe island is joined to the mainland by a bridge.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 24 页（共 331 页）36.joken.1play a joke on sb.2have/make a joke with sb.37.joy n.1(much)to ones joy2light up with joy38.judgen.裁判；法官 The judge sentenced him to five years in prison.1)v.1Dont judge a book b

216、y its cover.不要以貌取人 2 judge by/fromJudging by his letter,they are having a wonderful time.judgementn.判决 pass judgement on sb/sth 通过对的判决 39.keep v.1 keep(on)doing 一直做Why do you keep laughing all the time?你为什么一直在笑?He is always keeping(on)asking me the same question.2 keep a secret/ones word/a record3 k

217、eep sb/sth from doing4 keep the door open/her waiting/sb.in bed/sb.informed of5 keep calm/healthy/left6 keep sheep 养羊 7 keep up with 跟上 keep up(天气)持续不变 The rain kept up all afternoon.keep back抑制,忍住 keep sth back from sb.向某人隐瞒 keep away from 远离 keep off不接触 Keep off grass!40.the key to success 成功的关键 4

218、1.kindadj.be kind to sb.对某人友好 2)n.a kind of/all kinds ofkind of 稍微 有点儿 That made me feel kind of stupid.42.go/get down on ones knees43.knock v.1knock at the door 敲门 2knock around/about 漫游/虐待 3knock down 撞到/拆掉 knock over 撞翻 44.knowv.1know of/about 知道 获悉 了解 2 be known for/as3get to know sb.逐渐了解45.know

219、ledge n.1Knowledge is power.2have a good knowledge ofL2.lack1)v.lack(for)sthlack courage/money2)n.1a lack of money 2for lack of 因为缺乏3)be lacking in 缺乏2.last1)adj.the last person/thing 最不可能的、最想不到的 Hes the last person Id trust.The last thing I want to do is homework.2)adv.last but not least 最后但是同样重要的是

220、 3）n He was the last to arrive.4)vi.持续 The war lasted(for)3 years.3.late1)adj.1be late for2 in the late 1970s2)adv.1get up late2 late in the afternoon 傍晚 3)1better late than never 迟到总比不到好 2Its never too late to mend 亡羊补牢 3 of late=lately/recentlyI havent seen him of late.4.lately=recently5.lateradv.

221、1sooner or later2 no later than不迟于 3later on 后来 Much later on,she realizes what he had meant.6.laugh v.1laugh at2 laugh your head off 大笑不止 3 burst out laughing/burst into laughter7.law n.1 break/obey/keep the law2 by law 依据法律 8.lay laid-laid1lay the table 放桌子 2lay eggs 下蛋 3lay aside 把放在一边 4lay down

222、放下 5 lay off 解雇(laid-off 下岗的)9.lead-led-led1 lead a happy life2lead to sth./doing10.learn-learnt-learnt1 learn from 从中学习,向学习 2learn about/of 听说 得知 3learn by heart 记住 11.leastadj.1 at(the)least2 not in the least 一点儿也不 She didnt have the least idea what to do about it.12.leave1)v.1leave sp.for sp 离开去2

223、leave+宾语+宾补 leave the door openleave her waiting for 2 hoursleave him outleave him an orphan 使他成为孤儿 3 丢下 leave sth.+介词短语 leave the key on the bus4leave out 遗漏 leave behind 把丢在后边 leave alone,不打扰,不碰 leave off不包括,不把列入 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 25 页（共 331 页）2)n.假期 ask for a two-w

224、eek leave13.lecture n.attend a lecturegive/deliver a lecture to sb.on14.leftadj.adv.n.1make a left turnturn left/turn to the left2the money left/the remaining money15.lend a hand to sb./lend sb.a hand16.length n.1The road was 32 miles in length/long2at length 最后，终于/详细地 17.less than1no less than2more

225、 or less3even/much/still less 更不用说 No explanation was offered,still less an apology.18.lesson n.1take/have lessons 上课 2give lessons 授课 3teach/give sb.a lesson 给某人一个教训 4draw/take a lesson from 从吸取教训 19.let-let-let1let sb.in/out 2let sb(sth.)go let go of sb(sth.)放手放弃.3let alone 不打扰/不碰/更不用说 4let out 发出

226、(叫声)let off使爆炸 5let sb.down 使失望 6let be 别理某人 20.lievt.说谎(lied-lied-lying)lie to sbn.说谎 tell a lie/tell liesvi.平躺(lay-lain-lying)lie on your back/sidevi.位于;存在(lay-lain-lying)lie in/on/toThe book lay open on the desk.There lieslie in 在于 Success lies in hard work.21.life n.1)生命(pl.lives)lose/save ones

227、life；lay down ones life for sb.为牺牲生命 2)生活 everyday life 日常生活；live/lead a life3)bringback to life 使更有趣；come back to life变得活跃,苏醒过来 22.lift1)n.take the lift 乘电梯；give sb.a lift 让某人搭便车 Passing the exam gave him a real lift.他通过了考试，情绪好多了。2）vt.举起：lift ones eyes 抬起眼睛;He stood there with his hands lifted abov

228、e his head.高兴起来：The news lifted our spirits.23.light1)n.光线 by the light of the moon;throw light on/upon(把阐述清楚)灯 turn on/off the lights；The light went out.灯熄灭了 2)adj.明亮的，浅色的，轻的 a light classroom；light blue eyes；as light as a feather；a light/sound sleep3)vt.（lighted-lighted/lit-lit）light a candle；a li

229、ghted candle；light up24.like vt.I like it when you do that.would like(sb.)to do；How do you like(find)/What do you think of/about1)prep.I,like everyone else,have read these stories.2)feel like doing25.likely adj.more most a.be to do/thatTickets are to be expensive.It is more than that the thieves don

230、t know how much it is worth.b.a story 好像真有这回似的 26.limit n.界限，限度 vt.限制 a)to；without limit 无限地 There is a limit to the amount of pain I can bear.b)sb.to sth/doing sth：My parents limit my pocket money to 300 yuan.27.linen.线，线路 lines台词 on line 在线的，上网的；drop sb a line 给写封短信 The line is busy.电话占线。Hold the

231、line,please.别挂电话 28.linkn.a）There may be a between the 2 murders.b.）to establish trade s with Asiac）.a video/satellite d.）a in the chainv.a.）A to/with B A and B(together)The video cameras are d to a powerful computer.The English Tunnel links Britain with the rest of Europe.B）.The 2 factors are direc

232、tlyed.Exposure to ultraviolet(紫外线)light is closely ed to skin cancer.c.）up(with sb/sth)The bands have ed up for a charity concert.29.listn.v.make a list of 列一个的清单；list our ten favorite songs（列举）30.littern.a.）There will be fines to people who drop.b）.of sthThe floor was covered with a of newspapers,c

233、lothes and empty cups,v.a.）Piles of books and newspapers ed the floor.Broken glass ed the street.b）.be ed with sthYour article is ed with spelling mistakes.31.little-less-leastnot a little 非常；more than a little非常 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 26 页（共 331 页）She felt tired and more

234、than a little worried.Little did I know about him.我一点也不了解他。32.live1)v.居住，生活/liv/live/lead a life；live on以为生;live by doing 靠做为生 live life to the fullest 充实地生活；live up to符合,不辜负 live with与.住在一起；忍受 live through经历过而活着 2)adj./adv./laiv/活着的，现场直播 a live fish;a live football match;broadcast live区分 living/ali

235、ve/live/livelyWhen I reached the hospital,he was alive.catch sb alive;keep our culture aliveHe is the greatest musician living in the worlda lively discussion/lecture33.load1)n.bear the load of bringing up her family alone2)vt.装载 load with:a car loaded with goods34.long1)adj./adv.long before 很久以前 He

236、 had left long before I arrived here.before long 不久以后 Well come back before long.in the long run 从长远看 no longer/not any longer 不再 as long as 只要 So long=Byebye 再见 2)v.渴望 long for sb./sthlong to doLucy has longed for a brother.Im longing to see you again.35.look1)n.看；神情；外貌 have/take a close look at;He

237、 didnt like the look in her eyes.2)link-v.+adj./n.You made me look a complete fool.look likeThat looks like an interesting book.look as ifIt looks as if it is going to rain.3)v.look yourself 常用于否定句，“气色不像往常好”Youre not looking yourself today.4)其它短语：look ones agelook afterlook aroundlook back onlook do

238、wn upon/onlook forward tolook intolook onaslook outlook throughlook uplook uplook up to36.looseadj.a.)She usually wears her hair.The potatoes were sold not in bags.b.)The sheep were on the road.c.)a shirtd.)soile.)a alliance/coalition/federationf.)break/tear/cutsb/sth from sb/sthHe cuts himself from

239、 his family.hang/stay let sb/sth Let her hair 37lose lost-lost v.丢失 失去 输掉（钟表）走慢 be lost/gone/missinga lost/missing boylose the game；lose weight；lose ones way；lose oneself in/be lost inLost in thought,he didnt notice me.This clock loses/gains(走快)two minutes a day.loss n.be at a loss 不知所措；suffer much/

240、great lossThe loss of his only son made him sad.38.lotn.a lot of=lots ofparking lot 停车场 a lotadv.很，非常 Thanks a lot修饰比较级 Im feeling a lot better now.39.区分 loud/aloud/loudlyloudadj.in a loud voiceadv.To make us hear more clearly,the teacher spoke louder.aloud adv.read aloud.Dont read it silently.loudl

241、y adv.She screamed as loudly as she could.40.luckyadj.be to do/(for sb)thatHe is to be alive.She was enough to be chosen for the team.You were that you spotted the danger in time.It was for us that we were able to go.Lucky you.你真走运。You will be lucky.但愿你走运。M1.madadj.发疯的；生气的；drive sb.mad/crazy；go mad/

242、crazy；be mad at/with sb.about 因和生气 2.mail n./vt.send a letter by mail/post;mail sth to sb/mail sb sth中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 27 页（共 331 页）3.main adj.mainly adv.the main road/course4.major 1)adj.较大的 主要的 a major road2)n.主修课程；专业课 主修某专业的学生 When I was at university,English was m

243、y major.In other words,I was an English major.3)vi.主修 I majored in English.5.majority n.the/a majority of The/A majority of people interviewed prefer TV to radio.6.make v.1)制造 做 make sth.into把制成 be made intomake sth.(out)of-be make ofmake sth.from-be made from2)make coffee/tea 煮咖啡/沏茶;make the bed 铺床

244、 3)make yourself heard/understand(使你自己被听到/理解)make sb do sth-sb be made to do(使某人做某事)She made him her assistant.(任命)4)link-v 成为 She will make a good mother.This room would make a nice office.5)make money/a fortune/a living6)make it 获得成功;幸免于难,渡过难关;准时到达;能够出席到场 He will never really make it as an actor.作

245、为演员他永远不会真正的成功.The doctors think hes going to make it.医生们认为他能挺过去.Im sorry I wont be able to make it on Sunday.很抱歉,星期天我不能到场.7)make the most of 充分利用 8)make out 辨别清楚;理解,明白 I could just made out a figure in the darkness.I cant make out what she wants.9)make up 组成;编造;补上(for);化妆;和好 Can I leave early this a

246、fternoon and make up the time tomorrow?我今天下午早点儿走,明天补上这段时间,可以吗?Has he made up with her yet?他跟她和好了吗?7.manage v.经营,管理;设法完成 managementmanagermanage a factory;manage to do=succeed in doing8.manner n.1）方式，方法；态度，举止 in a friendly manner 友好的态度 2）礼貌，礼仪（常用复数形式）table manners 餐桌礼仪 Its good/bad manners to do sth

247、做某事有礼貌/没礼貌 9.march1)vt./vi.行军,行进 march on Washington DC 向华盛顿进军 2)n.on the march 在行军中 10.mark1)v.标记;打分,评成绩;纪念,庆贺,标志着 the goods marked with prices;I hate marking exam papersa ceremony to mark the 60th anniversary of the foundation of China.His death marked the end of an era(时代).2)n.成绩,分数;记号;get a low/

248、high markget full marksmake a mark11.marry v.结婚 marry sb 娶/嫁给某人 marry sb.to sb 把某人嫁给某人 get/be married to sb 与某人结婚；has/have been married for 2 years.12.mass n.团,块,大量 a mass of/masses of；the masses 群众 a mass of cloud 一朵云彩/masses of clouds 朵朵云彩 13.master1）n 主人；能手；硕士学位 the master of ones own future 自己未来

249、的主人；get ones masters degree2）vt.精通,掌握,控制 master a foreign language;master her temper14.match matches1)比赛;火柴;匹敌的人,对手;匹配的人/物 strike a match 划火柴 a box of matches 一盒火柴 I was no match for him at tennis.打网球我不是他的对手 Im his match at tennis.打网球我跟他难分伯仲 The curtains and carpet are a good match.窗帘和地毯非常相配。2)vt.配对

250、,匹配;匹敌 match A with BNo one can match him in maths.区分 fit/match/suit15.material n.c/u 材料;布料 a piece of material 一块布料;reading/building materials阅读/建筑材料 16.matter1)v.要紧,有关系 It is the ability to do the job that matters not where you come from or what you are.The children matter more to her than anythin

251、g else in the world.2)物质(U)Air is matter。问题，毛病 Whats the matter with 情况,事态（matters）to make matters worse=whats worse/worse still 更糟糕的是 关键；关乎的事情 Its a matter ofIts a matter of money.as a matter of fact中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 28 页（共 331 页）17.meanadj.小气的,刻薄的 be mean with money

252、 花钱吝啬 be mean to sb 对某人刻薄 vt.1)打算,意欲 mean to domean sb to dobe meant to do/forHis mother meant him to be an engineer.The chairs are meant for guests.2)意味着,意思是mean(doing)sthMoney means nothing for him.What do you mean by that?你说那个是什么意思?18.meanwhile1)adv.同时=at the same time2)n.in the meanwhile 同时 19.m

253、easure1)vt.测量;有长/宽 He has gone to be measured for a new suit.The main bedroom measures 12m by 15m.The main bedroom measuring 12m by 15m is mine.2)n.尺寸;措施 make sth to ones measure 量体裁衣;take measures to do采取措施 20.take/have some medicine;practice medicine 行医 have a medical examinationGood medicine is b

254、etter in the mouth.良药苦口 21.meet1)n.体育比赛 a sports meet2)v.相遇；连接；会面；迎接；满足 Thats where the river meets the sea.meet ones needs/demands meet with sb 与相遇 make ends meet 收支相抵 22.memoryn.记忆力 have a good/bad memory;in memory of作为对的纪念 回忆,记忆 bring back my childhood memories23.mention v-Thank you.-Dont mention

255、 it.not to mention 更不用说 24.mercyn.怜悯，宽恕 throw oneself on ones mercy 请求某人的宽恕 show mercy to sb/have mercy to sb 对某人怜悯 The boat is at the mercy of the wild waves.在掌握中；任摆布 25.merely=onlyadv.仅仅，只不过 26.messmessy 凌乱，杂乱，不整洁 1).The room was in a mess.2).The kids made a mess in the kitchen.3).Theres a mess of

256、 fish down there.=a lot of4).You are messing my hair.(弄乱)5).The divorce was painful and messy.(纠结不清)27.message 消息，口信，要旨，明白，理解 1).I left a message on your answering phone.2).Jenny isnt here at the moment.Can I take a message?3).Whats the message of the film?4).When he started looking at his watch,I g

257、ot the message and left.5).He cant get his message across.28.methodn.方法 with the method=in this way=by the means用这种方法 29.mind v./n.make up ones mind to do 下定决心做；change ones mind改变主意 Out of sight,out of mind.眼不见，心不烦。keep/bearin mind=remember记在心里 haveon ones mind担心，挂念 have in e/spring to mind突然想起 mind

258、 doing介意，烦恼Mind your steps！=watch=be careful of当心，注意 Mind your own business！别管闲事 Never mind.没关系，无所谓 Do you mind if I do/Would you mind if I did？你介意吗？Yes,but I do/youd better not.No,of course not/not at all.30.mirrorn.镜子 look into the mirror照镜子 Dickenss novels are a mirror of his times.写照 31.miss v./

259、n.错过,想念 She threw a plate at him and only narrowly missed.My mind wasnt on what he was doing,so Im afraid I missed half of it.The hotel is the only white building on the roadyou cant miss it.miss the point不懂 miss doing=avoid sth.unpleasant避开（坏事）The gun fired but the bird missed being killed.bemissin

260、g/gone/lostadj.找不见的，失踪的 32.mistake(mistook,mistaken)n./v.错误，犯错 make a mistake 犯错误；mistake A for B误将 A 当成 Bby mistake错误地 be mistaken（about）错误的（常作表语）比较：It is not my fault.这不是我的错。33.mixv./n.混合 mixturen.混合，混合物 mix up弄错，弄乱 mixed feelings混杂的感受 mixed doubles混合双打 34.momentn.时刻，片刻 One moment,please.请稍候。at th

261、e(very)moment=now/then现在，那时（正）for the moment/present目前，暂时 for a moment/a few moments一会儿 the moment=as soon as=immediately=directly一就35.more，mostmore or less或多或少，几乎 at(the)most 至多，不超过 whats more=besides=in addition=moreover此外还有，更为重要的是 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 29 页（共 331 页）36.

262、mourn vt/vi 哀痛；哀悼 1).He was still mourning his brothers death.2).Today,we mourn for those who lost their lives in the two world wars.37.mustn.必须的事 A knowledge of English is a must in international trade and meetings.N1.namen.名字，名气 v.命名 She first made her name as a writer of childrens books.出名 enjoy

263、a good name享有盛名 by name用名字 She asked for you by name.by the name of=named名叫的 in Gods/Heavens name=in the name of God/Heaven究竟，到底，看在上帝的份上 in the name of为，再名下 be named after取名 a boy named/naming himself名叫 name him(as)captain任命 namely=that is 即，也就是说2.narrow/narrowlyadj./adv.狭窄的，勉强的,v.缩小 a narrow victor

264、y险胜 be beaten narrowly差点儿，以毫厘之差 She has a very narrow view of the world.狭隘的 She escaped injury narrowly.险些 in the narrow/broad sense狭义/广义上 3.native adj.出生的，当地的 n.当地人 my native language-mother tongue母语 The tiger is native to India.原产于 a native of London当地人 4.nearly/almostadv.几乎，差不多 I have worked here

265、 for nearly 10 years.almost everyone几乎所有人 not nearly=much less than=not at all=far from远非，绝不是 There isnt nearly enough time to get there now.5.necessary adj.必要的，必须的 It is necessary for sb.to doIf(it is)necessary,you can call on me.It is necessary that(should)6.neck n.颈，脖子 neck and neck（with）比赛中势均力敌，

266、不分上下 a round-necked sweater一件圆领毛衣 7.needv./n.需要 They badly need a change.There is no need for sb.to do/have no need to do没有必要做There is no need for you to get up early tomorrow.I have no need to open the letter.in need of需要 if need be=if necessary如果有必要/需要 There is always food in the freezer if need b

267、e.I am in need of some fresh air.8.neitherpron.两者都不 They produced two reports,neither of which contained any useful suggestions.neithernor既不也不eitheror或或9.noisen.噪音 We had to shout above the noise of traffic.noisyadj.voice n.嗓音 in a low/high voice 高声地/低声的;She has a good voice.sound n.声音 Light travels

268、 much faster than sound.10.normaladj.正常的 n.正常 normallyadv.Its normal to feel tired after such a long trip.normal temperatureabove/below normalreturn to normal/get back to normal恢复正常 common 常见的，共同的 a common mistake 常见错误；common sense 常识；common practice 习惯做法 ordinary 普通的(average)ordinary-looking 相貌平平的

269、usual 通常的 as usual和往常一样 than usual 比往常更 11.nosen.鼻子 a running/runny nose 流鼻涕的鼻子 12.nothingpron.没有什么 for nothing=for free免费的 have nothing to do with与无关 nothing but=just 仅仅，只不过 I want nothing but the best for my children.anything but绝不 The hotel was anything but cheap.There is nothing in what he said.

270、不可靠，不真实 There is nothing to it.=Its very easy.很容易 13.notice n.注意 v.注意到 take notice of=pay attention to注意 Dont take any notice of what you read in the e to my notice让我看到 put up a notice公告，通知 The bar is closed until further notice.另行通知 notice sb/sth.do/doing/done14.now(that)=since 既然 Now that the gues

271、ts left,weve got a lot of extra space.(every)now and then/again=from time to time 不时地 It is now or never.机不可失 15.nowhere adv.无处 go/get no where/get sb.nowhere 毫无进展 The discussion got nowhere this morning.nowhere to be found/seen/in sight不可能找到 My ticket is nowhere to be found.Nowhere in the world oth

272、er than Britain can you experience four seasons in a single day.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 30 页（共 331 页）O1.object n.物品，宾语 v.不同意 everyday objects日常物品 her object in life=aim 目标 object to n./doing反对；不同意 Many local people objected to building the new airport.objective adj.客观的 2.ob

273、servev.观察，监视，观测 observe sb do sth 观察某人做某事；observe sb doing sth 观察某人在做某事 observe sth done 观察某事被做 observed Christmas Day/ones birthday 庆祝observe the law 遵守3.obtain vt/vi 获得；得到；存在 1).obtain advice/information/permission2).These customs no longer obtain.4.occupyv.居住；占有，占用（时，空）；占领 The house is occupied.有

274、人住 The bathroom is occupied.有人用 The dinner occupied 2 hours.Many anxieties occupied his mind.occupy oneself with sth/in doing sth 忙于某事 5.occur vi(occurred,occurred)-happen 发生 1).When exactly did the accident occur?2).Sth occurred to/hit/struck sb.出现在头脑中，被想到 The idea occurred to him in a dream.3).It

275、occurred to me that I had left my keys in the room.It didnt occur to her to ask for help.6.offern./v.主动提议 He offered 5000 dollars for the car.出价 offer sb.sth./sth.to sb.主动给 offer to do 提出做 supply sb.with sth./supply sth.to sb.provide sb.with sth./provide sth.for sb.Thanks for your kind offer of help

276、.7.office n.办公室，办公楼 officern.警官，军官 office building/block办公大楼 hold office占据要职 in office/out of office 任职/离职 The present government took office in 1997.开始执政 8.officialadj.官方的，正式的 n.高级官员 the official language 官方语言 an official affair 公务 9.onceadv.一次 conj.一旦 all at once=suddenly突然 at once 立即，同时(just)for

277、once/just this once仅此一次 Once bitten,twice shy.一朝被蛇咬，十年怕井绳。once more=once again 再一次 once upon a time从前，很久以前(every)once in a while偶尔，间或 10.oneone by one 逐个的 one after another 一个接一个 one another 相互 11.oneselfof oneself自动地 for oneself亲自（all）by oneself 独自 talk to oneself=think aloud 自言自语 enjoy oneself玩得开心

278、 I am not myself today.身体不舒服 Help yourself to some fish.随便吃 12.onlyadv./adj 仅仅 I am an only child.独生子 not only but(also)only to do（意想不到的）结果.13.openinga).孔，洞，缝隙 b).开放，展开 c).空缺的职位 d).开始，开端 e).开幕式，落成典礼 1).There are several openings in the sales department.2).The movie has an exciting opening.3).Have yo

279、u attended the opening of the Olympic Games?4).We could see the stars through an opening in the roof.5).Its nice to see the opening of a flower.Opening hours/time(营业时间)his opening remarks(他的开场白)14.operate v.操作，手术 operate a computer操作电脑 operating system（计算机）操作系统 operate on a patient给病人手术 operating ta

280、ble手术台 operation n.操作，手术 in operation 工作中 The new rules will come into operation from next week.开始工作，生效 put sth.into operation/practice 实施 15.oppose1).oppose sth 他反对我出国的计划。2).oppose doing sth我反对改变这项法律。3).be opposed to sth/doing sthShe was/remained bitterly opposed to the idea of moving abroad.4).200

281、 attended,as opposed to 300 the previous year.(相对于)16.oppositeadj.adv.相反的/地，相对的/地 have the opposite opinion持相反的观点 the opposite of heavy 反义词 There is a shop opposite our school.17.optimistica.乐观的 take an optimistic view 抱有乐观的想法 be optimistic about18.orconj.或者 or=or else=otherwise 否则 or so 大约 Hurry or

282、 else we will be late.eitheror或或中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 31 页（共 331 页）whetheror/or not 无论还是（不）Hurry,or you will be late.(-otherwise)19.ordern.安排，顺序 v.命令 in/out of order有序/有毛病 in order of time 按时间顺序 order to do/for sb.to do 命令，指挥 order that(should)命令 in order to do/that 为了 pl

283、ace an order for订购 order a dish/a carMay I take your order?点菜 20.organise/organize v.组织 organisationn.组织 a well-organised trip有组织的，有系统的 21.other/another/the other/others/the othersother than=except(for)=besides除了 Were going away in June but other than that I will be here all summer.the other day/wee

284、k前几天，前几周 another day/time改天，下次 22.otherwise=or(else)Do it otherwise,please.=in another way 以另一种方式 or otherwise或其他情况 Well get there by train or otherwise.23.out adv.外 out of luck不走运 out of sight看不见 one out of four四分之一 run out用尽 outdoor activities 户外运动 eat outdoors 野餐 24.overprep.adv.take over 接管 get

285、over 克服(all)over again 重新 over and again 反复地 over=more than 超过 over dinner/a coffee 在期间 25.overcomev.战胜，克服 overcome the enemyovercome financial problems/a bad habitbe overcome with(anger/sorrow)极其/非常（生气/悲伤）26.overlook 不注意，没注意到，俯瞰，监督指导 1).He seems to have overlooked one important fact.2).This is a re

286、staurantthe lake.3).She has been overlooked for promotion several times.27.owe1).owe sb sth=owe sth to sb我认为你还欠我一个解释/道歉/答复。2).他把自己的成功归功于努力的结果。_.3).owe it to sb that我的成功归功于你的帮助。.4).owing to=because of28.ownadj.自己的 v.拥有 ownern.ownershipn.a car of my own/my own car 我自己的车 He did it on his own独立地，单独地 I d

287、ont own anything of any value.P1.packn.包，捆；（猎犬、野兽等的）一群 a pack of cigarettes/clothesa pack of thievesv.（为运输或储存而）打包 pack sth away 收拾起来放好 pack sth(up)将包/捆起来 pack sth/sb into sth 使挤进 The room was packed with people.They packed into a tiny car.2.pain n.疼痛 painsn.苦功，大力气 His neck is in pain.、He has a bad p

288、ain in his left foot.pleasures and pains 苦与乐 No pains,no gains.不劳不获。3.pale:go pale.4.panicn/vpanickedpanicking1).Theres no panic.2).They were in a state of panic.3).Theres no point getting into panic about the exams.4).I panicked when I saw smoke coming out of my house.5).The gunfire panicked my hor

289、se.5.papern(u)/(c)纸；报纸；论文；试卷 a sheet/piece of papergo through the papers6.parkn(c)公园 vt.停放（车辆 飞机等）1)Can we park the car here?2)a parking lot 停车场 7.partn 部分；成分；角色；零件 adj.部分的 play/act a part ina part-time teachervt/vi 分开；分离 1)He tried to part the two men who were fighting.(vt.)2)They two parted at the

290、 gate.8.participate v 参加，参与 Participant 参与者 participation 参与 She didnt participate in the discussion.9.particular adj 特殊的 particularlyadvbe particular about对.挑剔 in particular特别 尤其 He stressed the point in particular.1).We must pay particular attention to the point.2).She is very particularher clothe

291、s.(对.挑剔)中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 32 页（共 331 页）3).He loves science fictionparticular.(尤其)4).The nurse asked me for my particulars.(个人资料)10.partly adv 部分地，在一定程度上 1).The road is partly finished.2).I didnt enjoy the trip very much,partly because of the weather.3).He was only par

292、tly responsible for the accident.11.passvt.传递 经过 通过 pass away去世 pass by经过 路过 12.pastadj 过去的；前任的 a past president(前任总统)n.过去 in the pastadv.经过 run/walk pastprep.过 He is past sixty13.patiencen.容忍；耐心 have(no)patience with sb（不）能宽恕 lose ones patience with sb;be out of patience with sb 对某人失去耐心 14.patientn

293、.病人 adj.耐心的 be patient with15.pay(paid,paid)v.支付 n.工资 1）pay(sb)for sth2)pay off3)pay back4)pay a visit to5)get paidThe workers get paid by the month.16.peoplen.(c)人们；民族；人民 1）people of all walks of life各界人士 2)The Chinese are a hard working people.3)He lived for the people and died for the people.17.p

294、ercentn.百分之.70 percent of the students are18.perform v.表演，履行，行动，运作 1).She performs an important role in our organization.2).This operation has never been performed in this country.3).A computer can perform many tasks at once.4).The play was first performed in 1987.5).The company has been performing

295、poorly over the past year.performerperformance19.permissionn.允许，许可，同意 ask/request/apply for permission 申请许可 get/obtain/receive permission 获得批准 with/without ones permission（未）经某人许可 20.permit(permitted,permitting)vt.许可，允许 n.许可证 permit sth/doing sthpermit sb to do1).Cell phones are not _in our school.2

296、).We dont permit(smoke)in the office.3).Ill come tomorrow,if weather.Ill come tomorrow,weather.4).She took my bike without_.5).Do you have a parking?(执照)21.personala.(belonging or relating to one particular person,rather than to other people)ones personal view/opinion 个人观点 personal possessions/prope

297、rty/belongings 私人物品/财产/所有物 for personal use 供个人使用 take a personal interest in sth 私下对某物感兴趣 personal experience 亲身经历 22.persuadev.说服，劝说 persuade sb to sth=persuade sb into doing sthpersuade sb not to do sth=persuade sb out of doing使相信 I persuaded him of the truth.=I persuaded him that it was true.I a

298、m persuaded of his innocence.=I am persuaded that he is innocent.23.physicala.身体的，物理的 physical education 体育 physical training 身体训练 a physical examination 体检 physical labor 体力劳动 the physical world 物质世界 a physical change 物理变化 24.pickv.采集，挑选 pick apples短语：pick on sb.找某人的茬儿 pick out选出，辨认出 pick up1)She s

299、oon picked up some French while she was staying in Paris.2)My radio can pick up VOA very clearly.3)He picked up many bad habits while in prison.4)At the next corner,the bus stopped and picked up three more people.5)Her health soon picked up after a few days rest.25.pin n/vpinnedpinningv.n.(c)别针 1).a

300、 diamond pin 一枚钻石胸针 2).A message had been pinned to the notice board.a note pinned to the door26.pityn.怜悯，同情；可惜 1）have/take pity on2)What a pity!3)out of pity27.plan(planned,planning)vt./n 计划 1)plan to do sth2)plan for the future3)make a plan for28.pleasev.请；使 高兴；喜欢 愿意 pleasedadj.高兴的 满意的 pleasuren.高

301、兴 愉快 pleasantadj.令人愉快的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 33 页（共 331 页）1)The performancethe audience.2)Come and stay as long as you.3)We arewith his work.4)There was alook on his face.5)a pleasant surprise29.pointn,点；分数；要点；特征；意义 1)the boiling/freezing point2)He reached a point in his

302、careershe needed to decide what to do.3)Thats the pointI want to make.4)ones stront points and weak points5)There is no point(in)doing sth.这样做毫无意义。v.指，指向 point to/at/out*offthepoint 离题 tothepoint 切题 30.poor(poorer,poorest)adj贫穷的；贫瘠的；可怜的；差的 1)be poor/rich in natural resources2)a poor fellow3)a poor m

303、emory4)be poor in health31.popularadj.流行的；受欢迎的；大众的；通俗的 The book is popular with children.受某人欢迎 They sell the computers at popular pricesPopular songs/science32.populationn.人口；数量 have a large/small population 人口多、少 The population of the city is increasing.Seventy percent of the population are workers

304、.have a population of 数字 有人口 33.possess vtpossession1).He was charged with possessing a shotgun without a license.2).Im afraid he doesnt possess a sense of humor.3).A terrible fear possessed her.4).The gang was caught inof stolen goods.5).On his fathers death,she came into possession of a vast fortu

305、ne.take possession ofTom is in possession of the house.=The house is in the possession of Tompersonal possessions个人财产 34.possibilityThere is no possibility that she will make a full recovery.He refused to rule out the possibility of a tax increase.All prices include postage and packing.35.possiblead

306、j.possiblyadv.as 形容词/副词 as possible尽可能Please write to me as soon as possible.if(it is)possible 如果可能 Ill go with you if possible.36.potaton.土豆 potatoes(tomatoesheroes)37.pourv.倒；倾泻；不断流出；大量涌来 The rain is pouring down.Reports of successes keep pouring in.捷报频传 The students poured out of/into the dinning

307、 hall.涌入/涌出 38.powern.能力，动力，权利，电力 beyond ones power 超出能力范围 in power执政 power station 发电站 come into power 上台执政 power failure 停电 39.practicen.实践；练习；惯例 according to the international practice根据国际惯例 Practice makes perfect。熟能生巧 40.practisev.(美 practice)练习；实践；从事 practise doing sthpractise medicine/law行医/当律

308、师 41.prayv.prayern 祷告，祈祷的内容 1).They knelt down and prayed.2).She prayed to God for an ending to her sufferings.3).We prayed that she would recover from her illness.4).We are praying for good weather on Saturday.5).My prayer is that one day he will walk again.42.predict v 预言，预见 1).Nobody can predict

309、the outcome.2).It is impossible to predict what will happen.3).She predicted that the election result would be close.43.preferencen 1).Many people expressed a strong preference for the original plan.2).give(a)preference to sb/sth 给.以优惠或优待 Preference should be given to graduates of this university.3)

310、.in preference to 而不是 She was chosen in preference to her sister.44.preparevt.准备，使做准备 prepare a piece of paper for the diction 为准备prepare to do sth 准备干 prepare sb for sth使某人为做准备 be(well)prepared for sth/to do sth（表状态）make preparations for为做准备 in preparation for 为做准备(作状语)The teacher prepared the stud

311、ents for the exam.45.presentadj.现在的；出席的；在场的 n.礼物 v.呈现；介绍；赠送 be present at the meetingHe presented the report to the headmaster.46.preserve v 保持，保存，保护，维持，维护，保养，保鲜 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 34 页（共 331 页）1).He was anxious to preserve his reputation.2).Efforts to preserve the pea

312、ce have failed.3).Thisis a perfectly preserved 14th-century house.4).Is she really 60?Shes remarkably well preserved.5).The vegetables should be preserved in the fridge.6).The society was set up to preserve endangered species from extinction.47.press v/n 压，按,贴，催促 新闻界，出版社 1).The story was reported in

313、 the press and on television.2).The press was/were not allowed to attend the trial.3).The dictionary was published in Oxford University Press.4).She pressed her face against the window.5).They are pressing us to make a quick decision.48.pressure 压力；心理压力；紧张；承受着某事的压力 air/water pressureShe was unable t

314、o attend because of the pressure of the work.pressure sb into sth/doing sthDont let yourself be pressured into making a hasty decision.不要勉强自己仓促做决定。under pressure 被迫 The director is under increasing pressure to resign.The team performs well under pressure.这个队在压力下表现良好。49.pretendv.pretend to do50.preve

315、nt vt 预防，阻止 1).Prevent sb/sth from doingNothing would prevent him from speaking out against injustice.2).Prevention is better than cure.3).We should take some preventive action to avoid the diseases.51.pricen.价格；代价 at a high/low priceat a price of two dollars per kiloat any price不惜一切代价 52.prisonn.pr

316、isonern.take sb prisoner俘虏某人 53.process 过程；步骤，流程；工序，工艺流程；加工，处理；冲印 mental processes 思维过程 Were in the process of selling our house.正在 the ageing process 老化过程 Its a normal part of the learning process.那是学习过程中的正常现象。manufacturing processes制造方法 Most of the food we buy is processed in some way.加工过 processe

317、d cheese 加工好的奶酪 I sent three rolls of film away to be processed.我送了三个胶卷去冲印。It will take a week for your application to be processed.审核你的申请需要一周的时间。54.product 产品，制品；结果，产物 meat productThe child is the product of a broken home.这孩子是一个破裂家庭的产儿。Production 生产，制造；产量；上映，上演，播出，制作 car productiona decline/an incr

318、ease in productiona new production of“King Lear”He wants a career in film production.他想从事电影制作。55.profitmake a profit 获利 The company made a health profit on the deal.at a profit 可以获利 We should be able to sell the house at a profit.profit by/from sth 获益，得到好处；对某人有益 Farmers are profiting from the new la

319、w.Many local people believe the development will profit them.56.progressn.进步；进展(不可数)v.进展；进行 make much/great/rapid/progress in sth 在某方面取得很大进步 in progress在进行中 Work on the new road is progressing slowly.57.prohibit vt 禁止，阻止 prohibit sthprohibit sb from doing sthIn the past,the citizens were prohibited

320、from traveling abroad.prohibition 禁令=ban58.promisec/n 诺言 v.许诺；有可能 1)make/keep/carry out/break a promise2)This year promises to be another good one for harvests.（有望成为）3)a promising pianist(有前途的)4)A heavy snow promises a good harvest.瑞雪兆丰年 59.promote vt 促进，宣传，提升 1).policies to promote economic growth中

321、山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 35 页（共 331 页）2).The band has gone on tour to promote their new album.promotionn60.protectv.保护 protect sb/sth from(against)We wear sunglasses in summer to protect our eyes from the sunlight.under ones protection 在某人的保护下 61.proudadj.骄傲的，自豪的，傲气的 be proud

322、 ofpriden.骄傲，自豪,自尊心 take pride in62.provelink.v证明是(无被动)vt.证明 1)The task proved(to be)more difficult than wed thought.2)He proved himself(to be)a better driver.63.provide vt.提供 provide sth for sb/provide sb with sthProviding/provided that64.pullv.拉，拖，吸引 n.拉力，引力 pull down 拆毁 pull in（火车等）进站 pull out 拔出

323、，出站 65.purchase v/n 购买/购买的东西 1).They purchased the car for 1 million dollars.2).If you are not satisfied with your purchases,well give you a full refund.(全额退款)66.putvt.(put,put)put away把 收藏起来 put aside 把 放在一边；储存 put forward 提出 put off 推迟 put on 穿上；上演（戏剧等）put out 扑灭 put up张贴，举起，搭起 put up with 忍受 67.p

324、uzzleWhat puzzles me is why he left the country without telling anyone.puzzle over/about sth苦苦思索，仔细琢磨 puzzling/puzzledQ1.qualityn.质量；品质；性格 a watch of high quality2.quantityn.数量 a large quantity of=large quantities of+可数名词、不可数名词 Large quantities of water are polluted in that area.A large quantity of

325、water is badly needed here.3.questionvt.提问，询问，质问 n.问题，疑问 He was questioned by the police.out of question 没问题 out of the question不可能 4.quit quit quitquitted quitted1).If I dont get more money,Ill quit.2).He quit the show last year because of bad health.3).Ive quit smoking.4).We decided it was time to

326、 quit the city.R1.raisevt.使升高，提高，举起，筹措，饲养，抚养 1)raise ones hand/voice 举起手、抬高声音 2)raise money筹集钱 3)I was raised by my aunt on the farm.2.rangen/v1).We offer a full range of activities for children.2).Its difficult to find a house in our price range.3).She has had a number of different jobs,(range)from

327、 cook to teacher.3.rank 把什么分等级;等级，级别；军衔 top-ranked players 一流的选手 He was ranked second in his age group.他在他的年龄段排名第二。At the height of her career,she ranked second in the world.在她事业的顶峰时期，她排名世界第二。She was not used to mixing with people of high social rank.她不习惯和社会地位很高的人搅合在一起。officers of junior/senior rank

328、 有低级/高级军衔的军官 a painter of the first rank 一流的画家 4.reach vt.到达；伸手（脚等）够；（声音）传到 n.beyond(out of)reach 在够不着的地方 within ones reach 在够得着的地方 reach（ones hand）for 伸手够reach a conclusion得出结论 奇速英语 24 个故事串记中高考 3500 词汇+听说读写全能班由中国英语教育专家蔡章兵老师领衔的名 师团队主创，是一本双语故事书，融入了冒险、科幻、穿越等新奇元素，书中讲述了一男一女两个中学生 的冒险经历，情节跌宕起伏。如果你想不费吹灰之力搞

329、定高中单词、搞定英语听说读写、搞定高考英语，就请加 QQ757722345；学习本是快乐的，学习本是自由的，学习本是轻松的，奇速英语，只是还给学习它 本来的样子。通过游戏轻松记单词 QQ2236845575 张老师或点击直接下载 1)The sign on the wall reads“No Smoking”.2)I cant read his mind/eyes.读懂 3)The themometer reads 30 degrees.温度计读数为 30 度。6.realisevt.实现；意识到 realise ones dream7.reasonn.理由，原因 v.劝说，评理 reason

330、 sb into/out of doing 说服某人做（不做）reason with sb 和某人理论 the reason for sthThe reason why.is that.8.receivevt 收到 receive a letterreceive a good education/a warm welcomeThe play was well received.受到好评 9.recognize/recognisevt.认出，承认 recognize sb./ones voice中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 3

331、6 页（共 331 页）recognize sb/sth as(to be)承认.是 10.recommend 推荐；劝告，建议 recommend somebody/somethingCan you recommend a good hotel?recommend(that)I recommend(that)he see a lawyer.recommend somebody to do somethingWed recommend you to book your flight early.recommend(somebody)doing somethingHe recommended r

332、eading the book before seeing the movie.it is recommended thatIt is strongly recommended that the machines should be checked every year11.recovervt 找回；痊愈；恢复 his lost bike ones health from ones illness12.reducevt/vi 减少，缩小,使成状态 the price by 10 percent.价格降低了 10percent。Hunger d him to stealing.饥饿使他开始偷东西

333、。13.refer(referred-referred-referring)refer to 提及；参考，查阅；涉及 to a dictionaryThe man referred to is a famous writer.14.reflect 反映；映出；反射 reflect somebody/something(in something)She could see herself reflected in his eyes.reflect somethingThis material absorbs the sound,and doesnt reflect it.His music re

334、flects his interest in African culturereflect on/upon something 认真思考，反思 She was left to reflect on the implications of her decision.reflect thatOn the way home he reflected that the interview had gone well.15.refusevt&vi 拒绝 sth/to do16.regardvt 认为；把看作 n 尊重；问候(常用复数)sb/sth as n/adj.认为某人、某物是Please give

335、 my best s to your family.代我向你家人问好 17.regardlessThe weather was terrible but we carried on regardless.18.regret(regretted-regretted-regretting)vt&n 后悔;抱歉；惋惜 ones mistakes doing/to doto ones 让某人遗憾的是.19.regular adj 有规则的；有规律的；经常的；定期的；固定的 regularly adva meeting 定期的会议 He visited me regularly.20.rejectrej

336、ect something 拒绝接受 reject an argument/a claim/a decision/an offer/a suggestionreject somebody 不录用，拒绝接纳 Ive been rejected by all the universities I applied to.21.relate 联系；把联系起来 relate A to BIn the future,pay increases will be related to productivity.relate to something/somebody 理解 The second paragra

337、ph relates to the situation in Scotland.Many adults cant relate to children.22.relationn.关系；亲戚 relative adj.有关的；相对的；n.亲戚 the between cause and effect因果之间的关系 A be relative to BA 与 B 有关 23.relax 放松，轻松；放心，宽慰 You have been working too hard.You need to relax yourself.Ill relax when I know you are safe.24

338、.reliablea reliable friendOur information comes from a reliable source.消息来源可靠 We are looking for someone who is reliable and hard-working.25.reliefa sense of reliefbreathe a sigh of relief 如释重负松了口气 much to ones reliefthe relief of suffering 痛苦的消除 provide relief for refugees 救济难民 26.relyrely onThese

339、days we rely heavily on computers to organize our work.You can rely on me to keep your secret.rely on it that27.remain vi.剩下，留下；仍然是（无被动）Much food remained.remain adj/adv/n/prep/分词/to be doneMuch s to be done.It s to be seen whether he will win the game.He s a doctor/young/standing there.The work s u

340、ndone.remaining adj.剩余的 the remaining time28.remember vt.想起；记住 remember to do/doingPlease me to your mother.代我向你母亲问好 29.removeHe removed his hand from her shoulder.拿开，移走 remove ones eyes from the picture 把目光从画上移开 remove the family to把家搬到。remove ones shoes/coat 脱下 remove the dirt from the door 清除，去掉

341、remove ones doubt 打消某人的疑虑 remove a student from school 将一个学生开除出学校 30.rentThe house rents at/for 5 dollars a week.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 37 页（共 331 页）31.repairvt&n.修理 under 正在修理 32.replyv&n 回复，答复 to a questiona reply to my letter33.reportv.汇报；报告；报道 n.报告，报告单 What you ed diff

342、ers from the facts.It is ed that a young girl was robbed yesterday.A girl is reported to have been robbed yesterday.34.represent 代表 represent somebody/somethingThe President was represented at the ceremony by the Vice-PresidentThe association was formed to represent the interests of women artists.35

343、.requestvt&n 请求(比 ask 正式，比 demand 礼貌)He came at my.在我的要求下 make a request 提出要求 He ed that his guests（should）sit down.3 6.require vt 要求；需要 requirementn 要求，条件 They that I(should)appear.The floor s washing/to be washed.meet yours37.researchn.研究；v.研究 do/carry out some on cancer38.reserve 预留；预定 reserve so

344、mething for somebody/somethingId like to reserve a table for three for eight oclock.These seats are reserved for special guests39.resign 辞职，辞去 resign(as something)He resigned as manager after eight yearsresign(from something)Two members resigned from the board in protest.resign doing something 听任，只好

345、接受 We had to resign ourselves to making a loss on the sale.40.respectvt.尊敬;尊重 n.尊敬;方面 have for sb=show to sbin all s=in every 在各方面 41.rest n&v 休息，停止；the 其余的，剩余的 take/have a The of the money was given away to the poor.42.resultn.结果，成绩 vi.He was late as a of the snow.由于、因为It snowed heavily.As a,he was

346、 late.因此 The drivers carelessness ed in the accident.The accident ed from the drivers carelessness.43.returnvi.返回 vt.归还，回报 n.归来，回报 to China from abroad sth to sb=return sb sthI gave him an apple and he gave me a peach in.Many happy s of the day!（生日祝福语）生日快乐！44.reviewvt./n回顾，复习，检查；评论 ones lessonsbook

347、review 书评 45.reward 报酬，报答；酬金，奖赏 reward sb for sth/doing sthShe was rewarded for her efforts with a cash bonus.一笔奖金 She started singing to the baby and was rewarded with a smile.You deserve a reward for being so helpful.你帮了这么大忙，应受到奖励。A$100 reward has been offered for the return of the necklace.46.ric

348、hadj.富的，丰富的，富饶的 Our country is rich in natural resources.47.rid 摆脱 rid somebody/something of somebody/somethingFurther measures will be taken to rid our streets of crime.rid oneself of somebody/somethingHe wanted to rid himself of the burden of the secretget rid of somebody/somethingWe got rid of al

349、l the old furniture.48.ridev&n 乘，骑，搭载 (on)a horse/train骑马/坐车 give sb a 让某人搭车 It is two hours ride from here.49.rightadj.正当的；正确的；右边的 adv 正确地 n.公正,正确；权利；右边 all right 好吧 Thats all right.回答道歉 have the to do sth 有权利干 turn to the=turn right 向右转,on the 在右边 keep to the 靠右边走 50.ringvi 响；按铃；（耳朵）嗡嗡作响；打电话 n.环；环

350、状物；年轮 the bell 按铃 ring off 挂断电话 up a doctor 打电话给 back 回电话 a wedding 婚戒 the s of a tree51.risevi（rose-risen）上升；上涨；起床；站起 n.增加；加薪 The sun s in the east.He s at 6:00 every day.give sb a rise 给某人涨工资 on the 在增长 52.riskShe took many photos at the risk of her life.He took the risk of losing his life to save

351、 the child.risk ones lifeThere is the risk of your catching a cold.你可能会伤风。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 38 页（共 331 页）53.rob 抢劫；掠夺 rob somebody/something(of something)The tomb had been robbed of its treasures.54.rock n.岩石 v.摇，使摇动 The town was ed by an earthquake.He sat ing in his

352、chair.55.rollvi/vt滚动；卷；转动 n.滚动；卷 The ball ed into the hole.The clouds are ing away.The moon s about the earth.He ed himself(up)in a blanket.the wool into a ballStop ing your eyes at me,girl.He ed up the window of the car.56.room n.房屋（可数）；空间（不可数）takes up too much room.占据太多的空间 make room for为腾地方 57.rou

353、ghadj.粗糙的；崎岖的；粗鲁的；粗略的；汹涌的 paper/road/words/weather/sea58.roundadj,adv,prep,v 圆的；环绕;在周围 a girl with a faceThe earth moves the earth.Round our mouths to pronounce the word.59.row n.一排，一行；划船 v.划船 a of treesin a row 成一排，连续地 60.rude adj(-rudely adv-rudeness n.)粗鲁的；无礼的 be to sb61.ruin v.毁坏 n.毁坏；废墟【多用复数】ru

354、in somebody/somethingThe country was ruined by the war.The bad weather ruined our trip.That one mistake ruined his chances of getting the job.Years of fighting have left the area in s.成为废墟 62.rule n.规则，规章；习惯 v.统治，支配 follow/obey/break the sHe makes it a never to borrow money.63.run v（ran-run-running）

355、跑；创办；管理；运转，操作；流动；掉色；变成 The college s summer courses for foreign students.Could you the engine for a moment?The tears ran down her cheeks.The color of the clothes runs easily.We have run short of milk.run across sb/sth 偶遇 after 追赶，追求 come running 跑过来 into sb/sth 碰到,out/out of sth 用完，耗尽 over 压过去 64.ru

356、sh vi.冲,匆忙 n.(上下班/交通)高峰期 Weve got plenty of time;there is no need to.The injured were ed to the hospital.during the hourS1.safe adj 安全的 n.保险箱 safely 安全地 safetyn.安全 He came back safe and sound.安然无恙 2.sale.n 出售，销售；销售量/额（多用复数）for 待售；on 出售 3.same.adj.相同的，同样的 Dont speak at the same time.I have the same b

357、ike as you.-Happy Christmas to you!-The same to you.-I like black tea and white coffee.It is the same with me.4.satisfactionn.满意 to ones 让某人满意的是 express ones with sth对某事表示满意 satisfyvt.ones need/desire/demand 满足需要 satisfiedadj.be satisfied with sth/sb 对满意 satisfyingadj.5.savevt.挽救；节省；保留；避免，省得 I am sa

358、ving for a new bike.Thanks for sending that letter for meit saved me a trip.6.say.vt.说，写有（said-said）sth to sbThe sign says“No Smoking”.牌子上写着 7.schedule1)n.时间表，日程表 a train scheduleahead of schedule2)v.安排，排定 We have scheduled the meeting for Monday.8.scold vt.责骂，训斥 sb for n/doing9.score.v.得分，打分 n.得分，分

359、数；20 个 two score of booksHe won the game with a score of 2:1.scores of books a point10.search v&n.搜寻，搜查 searchfor.in search of sb/sth11.season.n.季节，赛季，旺季 in 旺季 out of 在淡季 12.seat.n.座位 take a =sit downvt.使就座 能坐人 seat oneself in the chair=be seated in the chairWe want to rent a bus which can seat 40 p

360、eople.奇速英语 24 个故事串记中高考 3500 词汇+听说读写全 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 39 页（共 331 页）能班由中国英语教育专家蔡章兵老师领衔的名师团队主创，是一本双语故事书，融入了冒险、科幻、穿 越等新奇元素，书中讲述了一男一女两个中学生的冒险经历，情节跌宕起伏。如果你想不费吹灰之力搞定 高中单词、搞定英语听说读写、搞定高考英语，就请加 QQ757722345；学习本是快乐的，学习本是自由的，学习本是轻松的，奇速英语，只是还给学习它本来的样子。通过游戏轻松记单词 QQ2236845575 张老师或

361、点击直接下载奇速英语 APP 网址： n.秘密 keep sth(a)from sb 把某事对某人保密 in 秘密地 14.secureadj.1）安全的 2）牢靠的，a secure job3）无忧无虑的，a secure old age4）有把握的 be secure of5)securityn.a sense of security15.see v.(saw,seen)看见，领会，明白 sb do sth through 看穿，看透 sb doing sth sb off 送行 sth done to sb/sth/doing 照看，负责 You see to it that the w

362、indows are all closed.16.seek 寻找 寻求 seek something/somebodyseek for something/somebodyseek something from somebodyShe managed to calm him down and seek help from a neighborseek ones fortune 外出闯荡 17.seem.v.好像，似乎 He s(to be)happy/a good man.He s to have said it.It s to me that在我看来There s(ed)to be 好像有A

363、ftre what ed several hours,he left.18.seize 抓住 He seized her by the arm.seize a chance/an opportunity19.sell v.(sold-sold)卖，售出；【喻】出卖 sell sb sth=sell sth to sb He sold the book for$5.=He sold the book at the price of$5.These books sell well.be sold out 被卖光 20.send v.(sent-sent)寄，送，用无线电波发送信号；打发，派遣；使变

364、得 a message/him a telegram/sent their children to school.This noise is ing me mad./A telegram sent him hurrying home.sb away 解雇某人 for sb 派人去叫某人 off 发出，寄出 out 派去，打发，散发出 up 发射 send sb./sth doing21.sense n.感官；感觉；感；情理，道理；意义 vt.（隐约）感到，领会 a of sight/touch/smell/humor/duty/direction/language/music/business

365、common senseThere is no in waiting here.Whats the of doing that?The sentence doesnt make sense.Can you make sense of the poem.She fully d the danger of her position.22.separate v.分开，隔开 adj.分开的，不相连的；单独的，独立的 Separate the good ones from the bad.The children sleep in beds.23.serious adj.严肃的，认真的，严重的 Plea

366、se be about your work.take sth seriously24.serve vt.为服务；接待；对有用；供应，上（饭菜等）；vi.服务，服役；接待，招待；适用 the country/the people/dinner/wine/the soup to the guestsHe has served in the army for three years.asservicen.服务（行为）；服侍，招待；公共设施，业务；使用 I am at your.25.setvt.(set-set-setting)放，摆；指定，规定；装置，调整；使处于某种状态；使做某事；树立，出（题）

367、foot on/a standard/a clock/watch/free/an example to sb about(doing)sth/aside 留出，拨出/back(the clock one hour)往回拨 off动身，出发；燃放，使爆炸/out 动身，出发/out to do 开始，着手 up 建立，开办 The sun has.(vi.落，下沉)26settlevt.解决，调停；整理；使平静；安放；支付，结账 vi.安定，定居；停息，停留；稳定下来 a question/(down)in New YorkA bird d on the branch.Wait until th

368、e excitement has d down.27.shade n.阴（影），阴凉处【u】；（色彩的）浓淡【c】in the of a tree/various s of green 各种深浅不同的绿色 28.shake(shook-shaken)vt.摇动，抖动；使发抖 vi.震动，发抖 hands with sbHe was ing with cold.29.shamen.羞愧（感），羞耻（心）【u】；a 一种耻辱，遗憾的事，可耻的人/事物 He is a to his school/family.What a it is to lie.30.shape n.样子，形状，形态；体现，具体

369、形式 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 40 页（共 331 页）in good 完整无损，状态良好/out of 走形 v.（使）形成，塑造，具体化 It is d like a bell./Our plan is shaping well.31.share vt.分配；分享；分担；n.（一）份儿；份额；股份 apples among the children/joys and sorrows with sbI will take my of the money.32.sharp adj.锐利的；敏锐的，灵敏的；尖酸的，刻薄的

370、；剧烈的 a knife/eyes/ears,a sense of smell,a boy/words/a pain/a turnsharpenv.sharplyadv.33.sheetn.被单，床单；薄片/板，（一）片/块 put clean s on the beds/a of paper/water/ice 34.shock vt&n（使）震惊，打击，震动，电击 I was ed by/at the news./The news was a to me.He got ed when he touched the wire./If you touch the wire,youll get

371、a.He couldnt recover from the of his sons death.35.shoe n.鞋 a pair of/two pairs of s/put on(take off)ones sbe in ones s 处于某人的位置/处境 36.shoot v.(shot-shot)发射，射击，射中，投掷；拍摄 n.射击；投篮；嫩芽 a person dead/sb in the head/the ball in/a scene 拍一场戏 at向射击 37.short adj.短的，短期的，近的；矮的；缺少的,不足的 in a timebe of 缺少 be for是的缩

372、写 in short 简言之 shortenv.38.shouldern.肩（膀）vt.肩负，扛；用肩膀挤 a taskHe looked over his.回过头看 He has broad s./to 39.show v.给看，展示，显示，出示；展出；指示；引导，带领 sb sth=sth to sbShow me how to do it.show sb around off 卖弄，炫耀 up 露出，揭露 n.on 40.showern.阵雨，淋浴 be caught in a have/take a 41.shut v(shut-shut-shutting)关，闭，合拢 ones mo

373、uth/eyesThe door wont.down放下来关住；关闭，停业 up 关闭，闭嘴 46.sick adj.患病的；恶心的【只作表语】；渴望的，向往的 homesick a man,be/ill in bed/fall/ill47.side n.边，旁边，侧面；一方，一派 Every coin has two s.Which are you on?on all s=on every She is excellent on all sides.48.sight n.视力，视觉；望见；视野u；景象cI have good/bad.catch ofat first lose ofout o

374、f at the sight ofThere is not a boat in.the beautiful s of Beijing49.signn.符号；预兆，迹象；牌子，招牌，标记；手势 v.签字，签名，示意 A dark cloud is a of rain.There were s that they would succeed.Please (your name)on the paper.The policeman ed them to stop.50.silence n.寂静；沉默 silentadj.寂静的；沉默的，无声的 keep silence/silentlisten in

375、 silence51.similaradj.类似的，相似的 similarlyadv.in a waybe similar to52.simple adj.简单的；朴素的；单纯的 live a life=live simplyHe is as as a child.simply adv.简单地；朴素地；仅仅，只不过；简直，完全 She is not clever,she even studies hard.53.sinceprep.自从adv.从那以后 conj.以来;既然 He has lived here then/1949.He left the town in 1980 and I h

376、avent seen him(ever).It is/has been 3 years we parted.Since you are all here,lets make a decision.54.single adj.单一的，单个的，单程的；单身的，独身的；单人的 Not a tree could be seen.a ticketa manThis room has two beds.n.单打比赛 mens/womens s55.sink v.(sank-sunk)使下沉，沉没，下沉，低沉 The ship sank into the river.into a chair 一屁股坐下 H

377、earing the news,his heart sank.56.sit vi(sat-sat-sitting)坐，（鸟等）栖息 down/at the desk/at table 就席，进餐 57.situation n.位置，形势，局面，境遇，处境 the of a town 位置 the international I am in a very difficult situationI dont know what to do.58.size n.大小，尺寸，号码 be of a/the same sizeThe two houses are of a.=The two houses

378、are of the same size.59.sky n.天空 in the skya blue sky中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 41 页（共 331 页）60.sleep 睡觉 n.I didnt get much sleep last night.I feel better after a good nights sleep.fall into sleephave a sound sleepv.slept/sleptsleep well/deeply/soundly/badly61 slide(slid,slid)

379、滑行；悄悄的移动 The drawers slide in and out easilyShe slid out while no one was looking.你认为七天学好英语只是传说吗？你认为看一本小说就可以记完中学所有单词只是吹牛皮吗？你认为士 70.soundn.声音 声响 辨析：sound/voice/noiseHe crept(爬)into the house trying not to make a sound.Sound travels more slowly than light.v.听起来His voice sounded strange on the phone.It

380、 sounded like a train running under the ground.I hope I dont sound as if/as though I am criticizing(批评)you.71.spacen.空间 空地；太空 The desk takes up too much space.Can we make space/room for an extra chair?in outer space,别“七”日当刮目相看你做不到吗？错！你之所以怀疑自己，只是因为你还没有加入奇速英语暑假七天集训营！如果你不信，看看我们的高端配置就知道了：项目名称：奇速英语 24 个故

381、事神奇记忆中学 3500 词汇+听说读写中外教全能班 主办单位：奇速英语国际教育研究院 开课班型：7 天封闭集训营班 或网络直播课程常规招生班 授课师资：英语专家+奇速名师+资深外教+CCTV 全国总决赛冠军 招生对象：初高中在校生，社会英语爱好者 学习效果：快速记忆 3500 词汇，全面提升英语听说读写综合能力 学习结业：经考试合格者，由 CCTV 英语电视大赛四川组委会和奇速英语国际教育研究院共同签发课程合 格证书，供升学或就业单位参考使用，优秀者，还会获得知名英语专家向名校的推荐信函。为保证每位学 员效果，如本期不会下期免费再学，三年内可进行随时免学费复训，直到合格为止 知道被同学们四十

382、五度角仰望是什么滋味吗？难道你要一辈子都仰望别人？来奇速英语暑假七天夏令营，第八天，你就是被仰望的那个人。详情请咨询 qq：757722345 2835745855 奇 速英语各班型招生网站 http:/slide sth.+adv./prep.his pocket.The man slid the money quickly into62.slightadj.1)轻微的，少量 3）纤细的，瘦的 not in the slightest/not at alla slight fever2）小的，微不足道的 a slight mistakea young girl of slight build

383、 身材瘦小的少女 一点也不，毫不 slightlyadv.略微的 轻微的 The man was slightly hurt.-Are you worried?-Only slightly.63.slowadj.慢的；笨的；迟钝的 slowlyadv.slowness n.He was the slowest student in the class.Progress was slower than expected.v.slow down64.smellsmelled/smelled;Dinner smells good.v.闻;嗅;觉察到 You must slow down,or you

384、 will be ill.smelt/smeltlink-v.闻起来 What does the perfume（香水）smell like?Can you smell something burning?He smelt danger/trouble.n.气味;嗅觉 Dogs have a very good sense of smell.65.smile v./n.微笑 She smiled at him and he smiled back.He smiled with relief.He is wearing a big/forced/cold smile.66.snaken.蛇 vT

385、he road snaked away into the distance.The soldiers snaked their way through the narrow street.67.socialadj.1)社会的，有关社会的 social reforms 社会改革 2)社交的，交际的 societyn.社会 in society3）群居的 Man is a social animal.68.soonadv.马上;很快;不久 How soon will we be back?Please send it as soon as possible.the sooner.the bette

386、r；sooner or later；no soonerthan 69.sortn.种类 类别 品种 There are all sorts of jobs you could do.v.整理 把分类；处理 安排 sort(out)the lettersRubbish can be easily separated and sorted into the plastics,glass and paper.It is our problem.We will get it sorted.sort of=kind of 有点儿 He is sort of nervous.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016

387、 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 42 页（共 331 页）72.spare adj.不用的 闲置的；备用的；空闲的 多余的 We have a spare bedroom,if you like to stay.Take some spare clothes in case you get wet.a spare key/tyre；in ones spare timev.尽力 破费；抽出 匀出（时间、金钱等）；饶命(spare ones life)He spared no effort to make her happy.We can only spare

388、 one room for you.Surely you can spare me a few minutes.There is just a few minutes to spare.73.speakspokespokenv.说话；提起，讲述；发表讲话，演讲 He speaks with a strange accent(口音).speak in public/on the radio.speechn.演讲 讲话 发言；说话的能力；戏剧中的台词 give/make/deliver a speechthe power of speechI seem to have lost the power

389、 of speech.She has the longest speech in the play.74.specialadj.特殊的 不寻常的；重要的，特别关注的；有专门目的的 There is something special about this place.What are your special interests?These teachers need special training.a special momentn.特价产品；特价 The menu changes regularly and there are daily specials to choose from.

390、speciallyadv.专门地 特意地 75.speedv.spedsped/speeded speeded;speed upThe car sped along the road.The drug will sped her recovery.n.（运动的）速度 at a speed of;with great/all speed;at top/full speedHe reduced the speed and turned sharp left.76.spellspeltspelt/spelledspelledHow do you spell your name?spell out 拼

391、写出 Can you spell out that name?You know what I mean-I am sure I dont need to spell it out77.spendv.spentspentspend time/money on sth./in doingWe spent the weekend in Paris.78.spiritn.精神 心灵 the power of human spirit to overcome difficultiesin high/low spirits 情绪 心境 79 spotn.1）点；斑点；污点，瑕疵；（太阳的）黑点 2）地点，

392、场所 on the spot当场，立即，在现场 v点缀，弄脏，使有污点 The night sky is spotted with stars.80.spreadv.spreadspreadSpread a piece of cloth on the table.铺开 展开 She spread her arms and the children ran towards her.张开（双臂）The disease spread quickly.传播 流传 散布 Spread butter on the bread.涂抹 n prevent the spread of disease81.spy

393、n.(pl.spies)间谍，密探，特务 a police spya spy planev.从事间谍活动 spies spying spied spiedspy on 暗中注视，偷偷的瞧 82.standv.stoodstoodStand still while I take a photo of you.站立 直立 The house stood empty for a long time.位于（某处）某种状态 Modern plastics can stand very high and very low temperatures.承受;忍受 stand outstand bystand

394、forn.态度 观点 货摊 台 83.starvev.（使）挨饿 饿死 starvationn.The animals were left to starve to death.84.staten.状态，状况；州 in a good state/in good conditionShe was in a state of shock.the southern states of the USv 陈述 声明；公布 The facts are stated in the report.You must arrive at the time stated.85.statusn.身份，地位，名望 ra

395、ise the status of workershave a high social status86.stayv.停留；保持 持续是；暂留 逗留 n.停留 逗留 作客 Stay there and dont move.He never stays angry for long.I stayed 3 nights at my cousins house.stay away/in/out/up87.steady 稳步的；持续的；稳固的 We are making slow but steady progress.Such fine work requires a good eye and a

396、steady hand.88.stressn.压力；强调 Things can easily go wrong when people are under stress.She lays great stress on punctuality89.stealv.stolestolenMy wallet was stolen last night.90.stepn.迈步；距离；步骤 措施；阶段 The hotel is only a short step from the beach.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 43 页（共

397、 331 页）This is a big step up in his career.We are taking steps to prevent pollution.Mind/Watch your steps.v.迈步 行走 she opened the door and stepped out into the sunshine.91.stickv.stuckstuck 插入；粘贴；卡住 陷入 n.树枝 拐杖 I found a nail sticking in the tyre.He stuck a stamp on the envelope.The key was stuck in t

398、he lock.stick to/with sthget stuck in/on92.stilladv.I am still angry./The next day was still warmer.仍然 还是 adj.Keep still while I comb your hair.stand still 静止的 平静的 安静的 93.stomachn.stomachsstomachacheHe kicked her in the stomach.94.stopv.stoppedstoppedn.停止 终止/车站 stop to do/doing/sb from doing95.store

399、 v.保存 贮存 n.商店/贮存物 备用物 in store(for sb)We dont know what life holds in store for us.96.strengthn.力量 力气 strengthen v.加强 巩固 strong adj.强壮的 He didnt have the strength to walk further.97.strictadj.strictlyadv.strictnessn.be strict with sb/be strict in(about)sth/strictly speaking98.strikev.struck struck;s

400、truck strickenThe child was struck by a car.碰撞 撞击 He struck him in the face.打击 The area was struck by a terrible earthquake.袭击 爆发 An idea has just struck me.突然想起 The union has voted to strike for a pay increase of 6%.罢工 Strike a match on the wall.擦划（火柴）The clock has just struck three.敲，报时 I was stru

401、ck by the beauty of nature.打动 n.罢工/攻击 袭击 be on strike99.struggle v.奋斗 努力 They struggled just to pay their bills.He struggled for breath.struggle for/against/with；100.submit v.屈服;提交,呈递;申辩 submit an applicationPlease submit your reports to me before the deadline.submit oneself to a search by the guard

402、s 让士兵检查 submit to the enemy101.succeedv.success n.successfuladjsuccessfullyadv.He succeeded(in)getting a place at art school.Who succeeded(继任)Kennedy as President?be a success/be successful/succeed in(doing)sth102.successful adj.成功的，有成效的，胜利的 successn.成功，成功的人或事 succeedv.成功 succeed in doing sth103.sud

403、den.adj.1）突然的，意外的 all of a sudden 突然，冷不防 2）飞速的，快的 a sudden jumpsuddenlyadv.104.sufferv.受苦 受难；蒙受 遭受 Road accident victims(受害者)suffered from shock.He suffered a heart attack.The party suffered a defeat in the election.sufferingn.疼痛 痛苦 Death finally brought an end to her suffering.105.suggestion.n.建议 m

404、ake a suggestionMy suggestion is that we should give up the try.suggestv.1)建议 Mary suggested to me that we should go for a drive.He suggested doing it in a different way.2)暗示 His face suggested that he was unhappy.106.suitv.满足需要；适于 有利于；相配 If we met at 2 oclock,would that suit you?The hot weather doe

405、snt suit me.Blue suits you.You should wear it more often.suitableadj.合适的 适宜的 be suitable for/to sb107.supplyv.供应 供给 提供 suppliedsuppliedsupplyingsupply sth to sb/supply sb with sthc/n.供应量 贮备 Supplies of food are almost exhausted.Water supply was cut off last night.108.supportv.支持 拥护；援助；赡养 供养；支撑 支护 If

406、 you raise it at the meeting,I will support you.He has 2 children to support.Support the babys head when you hold it.in support of中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 44 页（共 331 页）109.supposev.认为 推断 料想；假定 假想 The prices are supposed to go up.Price will go up,I suppose.Why do you suppose

407、he left?She had supposed him to be rich.Suppose/Supposing flights are fully booked on that day,when could we go?110.sureadj.确定 确信 肯定 adv.当然 be sure of/about/thatAre you sure about that?Ask me if you are not sure how to do it.be sure to do:Be sure to come.for sure:I think he will be back on time,but

408、I cant say for sure.make sure(of/that)Make sure that no one knows it.111.surprisev.使惊奇 It surprised me that you have never sung professionally.n.惊奇；意想不到的事 Her letter came as a complete surprise.She looked up in surprise.(much)to ones surprisesurprised/surprisingadj.112.surround vt.围绕；包围 The jail is

409、surrounded by/with walls.Happiness is being surrounded by family and friends113.suspectv.猜疑，怀疑，猜想 She suspected him of taking her watch.n.嫌疑犯，可疑对象 114.survivev.1）幸存 Few survived after the floods.2）比.活得久 She survived her husband by five years.115.swear(swore,sworn)v.宣誓,发誓 swear at sb 咒骂某人 swear to Go

410、dswear to do sthswear that clauseDo you swear to tell the truth,the whole truth,and nothing but the truth?He swore that he was telling the truth.116.swellv.(swelled,swollen/swelled)1)(使)膨胀，（使）增长 Her arm was beginning to swell up where the bee had stung her.2)（使）隆起 The sails swelled in the wind.3）（使）

411、骄傲自大，（使）情绪高涨 117.switch n.开关;交换 v.打开（或关上）开关,改变,转换 switch the conversation from one subject to anotherHe is always switching jobs.switch off the TVswitch on the radioT1.taketooktakentake A for B/back/in/action(steps,measures)2.talentn.天资,天赋;人才 Ordinary people merely think how they shall spend their t

412、ime;a man of talent tries to use it.He is a talent but he always hides his light under a bushel.3.tasten.I dont like the taste of olives(橄榄).I have lost my sense of taste.Modern art is not to everyones taste.v.Taste it and you will find it delicious.The dish tastes delicious.4.tear v.撕毁 撕破；移开 扯掉 tor

413、etornI tore the letter in half/into halves.tear up/sth into pieces/down/openn.眼泪 burst into tearsHe left the room in tears.The story will move you to tears.5.tell v.toldtold 告诉；讲述 表述；辨别 tell sb sth/tell sth to sbtell the truth/liesI cant tell you how happy I am.tell A from BCan you tell the differen

414、ces between B.E.and A.E.?6.tend v.易于;倾向于;照料,看管 The sort of music I listen to varies,but it tends to/towards light music.tend to do sth、I tend to see pictures in my mind when I am reading or listening.Women tend to live longer than men.Id tend the store while youre away.tend to the sick7.terrify vt.使

415、人感到恐怖 The creature,which is unusually large and strong,is extremely ugly,and terrifies all those who seeit.（短）be terrified at 被吓了一跳 We were terrified at the deafening explosion.8.testn.测验 考查；化验；检验 考验 take a testa test for AidsThe match is a real test of character for us.v.测验；（身体）检查；测试；考验 test your E

416、nglishtest sbs eyesight/hearingYou should test your brakes regularly.The long climb tested our fitness and energy.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 45 页（共 331 页）9.thankn.Thanks to a lot of hard work,we succeed.How can I express my thanks to you?v.thank sb for sth/doing sth10.thinkv.t

417、houghtthought 认为；思考 I think so./I dont think so.think of/about/for yourself/over/ofasthinking n.思维 思想；想法 见解 I had to do some quick thinking.11.thirstyadj.渴的；渴望 渴求 We were hungry and thirsty.He is thirsty for money/power.have a thirst for knowledge 渴求知识 12.thoughtn.思考，思想，念头 On second thought(s)(再一想，转

418、念一想)，he decided to accept his invitation.deep in thought=lost in thought 沉思 13.throughout prep.遍及，贯穿 throughout the night 整夜 throughout the town 全城 14.throw(threw/thrown)扔，投 throw up 呕吐 throw off 匆忙脱 throw sth out 随口说出 throw at/to sb 扔给某人 15.thusad.这样(=in this way);因而（=so）He studied hard;thus he got

419、 high marks.He hanged himself on the tree,thus ending his life.16.tien.领带，关系，结，平局 v.(用绳，线)系，拴，扎，打成平局，得分相等(tied/tied/tying)The match ended in a tie.比赛打成平局 Our team tied(with)their team.=Our team was tied with their team.打成平局 Please tie the horse to the tree.把马拴到树上 17.time n.时间，时期，次数，倍数；v.测定时间，记录时间 al

420、l the time=always 一直 ahead of time=in advance 提前 at a time 一次 at one time 从前，一度 at times=sometimes 有时候 from time to time 不时的，时而，偶尔 in no time 立刻，马上 in time 及时，迟早 in time for sth 来得及干某事 Time is up.时间到 on time 准时 take ones time 慢慢来 waste no time(in)doing 赶紧干某事 It is(high)time(that)we started.该干某事了 At

421、no time have I said such a thing.我决没有说过这种话。（决没有，决不）It is the first time(that)I have read such a book.我第一次读这样的书 18.tipn.顶端，尖端，告诫，建议，提示，小费 19.tirev.使疲惫，使厌倦 tired/tiringadj.疲惫的，厌倦的/令人疲惫的，令人厌倦的 tiredness n.疲惫 Sth tire sb out.某事使某人疲惫 Sb be tired out 某人疲惫了 Sb be tired of n/doing 某人厌倦了某事 Sb be tired with/f

422、rom n/doing 某人因某事疲惫 20.toastn.1)祝酒 drink a toast to.2)烤面包片 a piece of toastv.1)为干杯 2）烤（面包）a toasted sandwich21.tolerate v.容忍,宽容;经受,忍受;Those who know how to tolerate others can naturally lead a happy life.22.the day after tomorrow 后天 23.tongue n.舌头，语言 mother tongue=native language 母语 24.He is too tir

423、ed to go any further.The trip is too much for the old lady.是某人受不了的 You cant be too careful while crossing the street.=You cant be careful enough while crossing the street.过马路时，越小心越好 25.topn.顶部 at the top of sth26.totaln.合计，总计；v.合计是 adj.总的，完全的，全然的 He is totally blind.A total of 400,00 people were kil

424、led in the earthquake.There are 50,000 students in our school in total.(=altogether=in all 总共)27.touchv.触动，打动，触摸，接触；n.接触，联系 touching adj.打动人的；touched adj.受到触动的 stay in touch with sb=keep in touch with sb 与某人保持联系 lose touch with sb 失去联系 get in touch with sb 取得联系 be in touch with sb/be out of touch wi

425、th sb 有联系/无联系 28.tough a.坚硬的；结实的；棘手的，难解的 Believe me;I know how easy it is to begin smoking and how tough it is to stop.Dont be too tough on/with him-he was only a child.He played the tough guy in the movie.a tough breed of cattle中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 46 页（共 331 页）29.tourn

426、.观光，旅行 go on a tour to a place30.townn.城市，小城 live in town live in the countrysidego to town go out of town31.trackn.轨道，田径，踪迹，跑道 keep track of sb 跟踪，跟踪了解 lose track of sb 失去联系 As to dealing with such problems,you are on the right track.方法正确 32.traden.贸易；v.交换 international trade 国际贸易 trade A for B 用 A

427、 换 B33.traditionn.by traditionreligious/cultural traditionstraditional adj.traditionallyadv34.traffic n.交通（不可数）at the traffic lights 在交通灯那里 There are traffic jams at the corner every day.交通堵塞，堵车 There is heavy/light traffic here.车辆多/少 35.train n.火车；v.培训，训练 trainer 教练，训练者 trainee 受训练者 train sb for st

428、h 为对某人进行培训 train sb as a fireman 把某人训练成36.translate v.翻译，转换成另一形式 n.translation 翻译,译文 Translate the sentence from Chinese into English.37.transportation n.运输 The bike is a useful means of transportation.38trap n.陷阱 vt.使陷入困境 set/lay/place a trap for micefall into/get out of a trapI trapped my coat in

429、the car door.Having been trapped in traffic,he was late for work.39.traveln.旅行，传播（光、声、病）traveller/traveler 旅行者 Light travels faster than sound.40.treasuren.金银财宝，财富，珍爱的东西；v.珍爱，珍惜 treasure our friendship41.treat n.款待；v.对待，处理，治疗 treatment n.治疗，处理 under treatment 在治疗中 Its my treat.我请客 treat sb to sth 用某

430、物款待某人 treat sb as/like对待某人像 42.trickn.诡计，把戏，花招，计谋；v.欺骗 play a trick on sb 捉弄，欺骗 43.tripn.旅行，旅程 go on a trip to a place44.troublen.问题，烦恼，麻烦；v.使苦恼，使麻烦 I am sorry to trouble you,but can you tell me his address?trouble sb to do 麻烦某人干 have trouble with sth./have trouble(in)doing 干某事有困难 get into/out oftro

431、uble 陷入困境/摆脱困境 in/out of troubletake trouble to do 尽力干 45.truea.真的，忠诚的 truly advMy dream came true.=I realized my dream.46.truthn.真理，真相，事实 tell the truth 说实话 47.tryn.尝试 v.审理，努力，尝试 try on 试穿 try out 试用 have a try 试一下 try the case 审理案件 try to do 努力 try doing 试着干 try ones best to do=do ones best to do

432、尽力干 48.turnn.轮流，顺序 v.转变，旋转，变成 in turn=by turns 轮流（作状语）take turns to do=take turns at doing（作谓语）It is my turn.该我了。turn against sb/sth 背叛 turn back 返回 turn down 调低，拒绝 turn up 开大，上涨，到来，露面 turn in 上交（=hand in）turn to 转向，变成，求助于 turn off 关掉 turn on 打开 turn over 翻过来 turn A into/to B 把 A 变成 Bturn out(to be)

433、n/adj/adv 结果是，被证明是（强调与预料的相反）eg.He turned out to be very honest.It turned out that he was not a thief but a policeman.It turned out to a success.49.typicala.典型的，有代表性的 typical flower characteristicsbe typical ofIt is typical of you to be so gentle.It is typical of John to think about helping others in

434、 this way.50undertake(undertook,undertaken)v.承担，从事，负责；承诺 undertake the difficult task/responsibilityundertake to doHe undertook to finish the job by Friday.51.unfairan unfair judgebe unfair on/to sbIts on him to make him pay for everything.He is to us,isnt he?中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高

435、考英语备考手册 第 47 页（共 331 页）52.unite v.联合，团结 Carnival became a way to unite different communities.We should unite with all the forces that can be united.53.upon prep.在 上面 upon/on+sth/doing名词/动名词=as soon as 从句 Upon his arrival,I will telephone you.54.upset a.心烦的，苦恼的 Then the friend went away,and the write

436、r was extremely upset.be upset to do sth:She was upset to hear that the holiday had been cancelled.be upset that clause:Her sister was very upset that her family had to move to California.be upset about/over sth:My parents were in a huge argument,and I was really upset about it.55.urge vt.鼓励，激励 urge

437、 sb to do/into doingThey urged me to eat the strange food.urge that clause(should do)He urged that we should take such steps.56.usen.利用，用途；v.利用 make(good/better/full)use of sth（好好/充分）利用某物 sth be in use/out of use 某物在被使用/某物不被使用 sth come into use 开始被使用 It is no use doing.干某事没用 be/get used to n/doing 习

438、惯干某事 be used to do 被用来干某事 57.uselessbe to do/be doing sthHe knew it was to protestIts worrying about it.use n.1)make use of 2)be of great use to sb/be of no use to sb3)It is no use doing sth58.usuala.通常的 as usual 向往常一样 59.vacationn.假期 the winter vacation 寒假 be on vacation 休假 60.vainn.自负的，自视过高的，徒劳的，无

439、效的 I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem,but in vain.(2010 江苏)（短）be of 对很自负：She is in vain of her beauty.61.valuen.价值，价值观 v.估价，重视 valuablea.有价值的 be of value=be valuable62.varietyn.种类，种种 variousa.各种各样的 a variety of fruits=varieties of fruits=various fruits 各种各样的水果 63.verya.正好的 adv.

440、非常 He is the very person we are looking for.(可换成 just the)64.viewn.1）看法，观点 political viewsin ones view2)视野，视线 come into view3)景色，风景 a sea view/a mountain viewThe view from the top of the tower was spectacular.v.sb/sth as 把视为，以看待 viewer65.violentadj crime/movies reactiona change/a headacheviolentlyad

441、v66.visitn.参观，访问，拜访 v.参观，访问，拜访 visitorn.参观者 go on a visit to sth/sbpay a visit to sth/sb67.voice n.声音，音色 in a high/low voice 以高或低的声音 at the top of ones voice 高声地 68.volunteer n.&v.志愿者,志愿 volunteer ones car for the trip69.wait n.等待 v.等待，wait for sb/sth 等待 wait for sb to do 等某人干某事 wait on sb 照料，伺候 wai

442、t at/on table 招待进餐 wait for ones chance/turn 等机会 cant wait to do 迫不及待地想干 70.wandervi about/around the street71.want v.想要，需要 The house wants painting.(The house wants to be painted)这房子需要粉刷 72.warnvt.警告，预先通知 warn sb of/against sth 警告某人小心某物 73.washn.洗，洗的东西;vt/vi.洗，冲洗 This cloth washes easily.表性质用主动表被动

443、74.wasten.浪费，废物 vt.浪费 waste time(in)doingwaste time on sthIt is a waste of time/energy/money doing sth.75.way n.路；方式，方法 in this way 用这种方法 by the way 顺便说（引入话题）on the way to a place 在去某地的路上 under way 在进行中 奇速英语微信公众号 qisuenon the way to doing 即将干某事 give way to sb/sth 让位给某人或某物 a way to lose weight=a way

444、of losing weight 减肥的方法 You are in my way.挡道，碍事 Please get out of my way!别挡手，让开 76.wearv.(wore,worn)穿着，戴着，留须发，磨损 wear sb out.使某人精疲力竭（=sb is worn out）wear a smile.戴着微笑 77.weekly a.每周的 The magazine is a weekly.It is a weekly magazine.The magazine is published weekly.78.what pron.什么 What for=whyWhat hav

445、e you come here for?中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 48 页（共 331 页）So what?那又怎么样？（表反问）What if it rains?如果下雨怎么办？79.wholeadj.整个的 on the whole 总体上 80.wideadj.宽的，广泛的 adv.充分地；widelyadv.广泛地 The child is wide awake.这个小孩非常清醒，没有睡意 English is widely used all over the world.81.willn.意志，遗嘱 He ga

446、ve up his job against his mothers will.他违背母亲的意志辞调了工作 We chose ten boys at will.随意，任意 82.win v.赢（won/won）win the first prize/respect/fame/war/match83.windn.风；v.缠绕,蜿蜒(wound/wound)wind sbs way 蜿蜒前进 feel sbs way 摸索前进 make sbs way（艰难地）前进 push sbs way 挤着前进 84.wipe v.擦；擦净；擦干 He wiped his hands on his blue

447、apron.wipe the glass dryThey wiped away the girls tears.wipe out:destroy,get rid ofA volcanic eruption nearly wiped out the small island of Montserrat in 1997.85.wishn.愿望；v.希望，祝愿 wish you+名词（success/good luck/a pleasant trip）!祝你成功！wish for sthI wish that 从句（用虚拟语气）wish to do 希望干某事 86.without prep.没有

448、go without 在没有的情况下勉强应付 I have to go without supper.87.witness n.目击者,证明,证词 vt.目击,作证,证明,表明 I thought,at a time,that this was just a story but then I witnessed it with my own eyes many times.The year 1949 witnessed the founding of the P.R.C.88.wordn.词，话，消息，诺言 have a word with=have a few words with 和某人谈

449、谈 Word came that Tom won the first prize.有消息传来.You should keep your word.你应该信守诺言。89.workn.工作（不可数）；作品（可数）；v.工作，运转，起作用 worksn.工厂（单复数均有 s）work at/on 忙于，从事 be at work 在工作 start work 开始工作 out of work 失业 work out 算出，锻炼，结果是 90.worldn.世界 Its a small world.世界真小。（哪里都有熟人）Its not the end of the world.并不是那么糟糕。I

450、am on top of the world.我非常愉快。learn about the outside world.了解外面的世界 91.worriedadj1)be about sb/sthDoctors are worried about the possible spread of the disease.2)be worried thatI was worried that you wouldnt come back.worryingadj problemsworryvt/vi(sb/oneself)(about sb/sth)There is no point in worryin

451、g about things you cant change.I dont want to worry you about the present situation.92.worryn.烦恼；v.担心，使某人担心;Sth worry sb 某物使某人担心 Sb worry about sth 某人担心某事 Sb be worried about sth/sb 某人担心某事 a worrying situation 令人担忧的局面 93.worthy a.有价值的；配得上的；相称的 be worthy of sth/being done:The problem is worthy of con

452、sideration/being considered.be worthy to be done:The young man is worthy to be taught.94.worthwhile a.值得做的 a worthwhile effortIt is worthwhile to do sth/doing sthIt isnt worthwhile continuing with the project.I thought it worthwhile to clarify the matter.95.worthy a.有价值的；配得上的；相称的 be worthy of sth/be

453、ing done:The problem is worthy of consideration/being considered.be worthy to be done:The young man is worthy to be taught.96.wristseize sb by the wrist中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 49 页（共 331 页）备考手册二 高考英语重点词汇记忆手册 词汇表（一）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1v.abandon放弃、遗弃 2n.ability能力、才能 3n.abnormal不正

454、常的，畸形的 4prep./ad.aboard（上）在船（飞机，火车）上 5prep.above在上面 6ad.abroad.到(在)国外 7n.absence不在，缺席 8vt.absorb吸收，吸进（液体，气体等）2)理解，掌握 9v./n.abuse滥用，谩骂 10vt.accept接受 11n.access方法，通路，机会 12adj.accessible可进入的，可接近的，可使用的 13n.accident事故，意外的事 14v.accompany陪伴，伴随，伴奏 15v.accomplish完成，到达，实现 16n.accomplishment成就，成绩 17prep.accord

455、ing to根据 18vt.accuse指控，指责 19adj.accustomed习惯的，适应的，惯常的 20vi./nache痛 21vt.achieve达到；取得 22v.acknowledge承认，致谢 23prepacross通过 24v.cross通过 25n/vt.act法令，条例表演，扮演，行动，做事 26n.action行动 27adj.active积极的;主动的 28n.activity活动 29a.actual实际的 30v.adapt适应，适合，改编/使适应 31vt.add添加，增加，补充说（that）32n.vt.address地址/写地址；向讲话（尤指演讲）33v

456、t.adjust调整，调节，适应 34vt.admire钦佩.;羡慕 35vt.admit承认/准许（入场，入学，入会）36v.adopt收养，采用，采纳 37vi.advance推进，促进；前进 38n.advantage优点，好处(可数名词)中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 50 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 39vt.advertise为做广告 40n/u.advice忠告,劝告,建议 41vt.affect影响,深深打动，使悲伤等 42vt.afford负担得起,抽得出(时间);提供 43a.afra

457、id害怕的；担心 44prepagainst对着，反对,靠着，迎着，衬着 45n.vi.age年龄；时代/变老 46ad.ahead在前，向前 47n.v.aid援助；救护；辅助工具/帮助，促进 48pre.aim at瞄准,对准/(向某方面)努力/针对某人 49adj.adv.alike相像，十分相似/相似的，相同的 50a.alivea.活着的，存在的 51ad.aloud大声地 52vt.amaze使惊奇，惊叹；震惊 53n.amount数额（尤指数量，大小等）54vt.amuse使快乐，逗乐 55n.amusement娱乐,乐趣 56vt.announce宣布，宣告，公布 57vt.a

458、nnoy（使）烦恼 58n.v.answer回答、答案 59n.anxiety忧虑，焦急，担心 60adj.anxious焦虑的，不安的；担心的/渴望的，急切的 61v.apologize道歉，歉意 62n.apology道歉，歉意 63v.n.appeal吸引，呼吁，恳求 64vi.appear出现，露面/2)系动词 似乎，好像 65n.appearance出现，露面；容貌 66n.application申请 67v.apply申请 68vt.appoint任命，委派/约定，确定 69vt.appreciate欣赏；感激 70v.approach接近；靠近；走进/71n.approach.接

459、近；方法；途径；通路 72v.approve赞成/同意，批准 73n.approval赞成/同意，批准 74vi.argue争辩，争论 75n.argument争辩，争论 76vi.arise出现，发生，产生/起床，起身，起立 77n.arm手臂,支架 武器（复)78vt.armarmwith.以装备,武装起来 79vt.arrange安排，布置 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 51 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 80n.arrangement安排，布置 81vt.n.arrest逮捕，拘捕 82v.arr

460、ive到来；达到 83n.arrival到来；达到 84n.article文章；东西；物品；冠词 85adjashamed惭愧，害臊 86adjasleep睡着的，熟睡(表语形容词)87v.assist帮助，协助 88n.assistance帮助，协助 89vassume假定，假设 90n.assumption假定，假设 91v.astonish使惊讶 92v.attach贴上、把.固定、从属、把.归结为 93v.n.attempt试图，尝试 94v.attend看护，照料，服侍；出席，参加 95n.attention注意，关心 96v.attract吸引，引起 97adj.available

461、可获得的，可以得到的 98adj.average平均的；普通的 n.平均数 99v.avoid避免 100v.awake唤醒 101n.v.award奖品、报酬 102adj.aware意识到，注意到 103adv.away离开；远离 104adj.adv.awful糟糕的、可怕的 105adv.n.adjback.回（原处）;向后 106adv.adjbackward向后的、反向的 107n.baggage行李 108n.balance平衡/余额/欠款(常用单数)109v balance保持平衡、同等重视、比较权衡 110adj.balanced平衡的 111n.v.ban禁止，取缔 112

462、n.bargain讨价还价.廉价货 113n.base（以.为）根据地，基地 114adj.basic基本的 115n.basis(复数 bases)基础、原则、原因 116n.bath洗澡;浴室 117v.bathe洗澡,游泳 118v.bear承受/忍受 119vbeat敲击/击败 120v.beg乞求，请求 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 52 页（共 331 页）序号 1211221231241251261271281291301311321331341351361371381391401411421431441451

463、46147词性 n.n v.v.n.vt.vi.adj.pre.adv.v.n.v.n.adj.n.v.ad(j)v.n.n.v.adj.vt./vi.nn.adj.vn.v.n.vv.v.n.英文 behaviorbeliefbelongbend benefitbenefitbeneficialbeyond bidbirthblameblankblankblindblowblowboard board boredbotherbottombreathbreathebudget burstburybusiness中文 行为表现 信心（念）不、信仰（可）属于（无被动）弯曲、弯腰、伏案 优势，益处（

464、不可数）从.获益 有益的，有用的 超出、超过 出价，投标 出生、诞生 责备 空白/格、遗忘 空白的、不理解的，没表情的 盲人、瞎的 吹、刮 打击 木板、布告牌 登上 无聊的 麻烦、痛苦 底部、底端 呼吸 吸入 预算 突然发生 埋葬 生意；职责；（本分）工作 备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 53 页（共 331 页）词汇表（二）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1v.calculate计算，核算 2adj.v.calm(使)镇静的、沉着的 3n.v.camp营宿营 4n.care照料；保管 5v.care在乎；介意 6v.ca

465、rry拿；搬；运；背 7n.case情况；案件；病例 8n.vt.cash现金/兑现 9v.cast扔，抛，撒 10v.catch看见、赶上 11v.cater提供（承办）酒席，满足需求 12n.cattle原因、起因 13adj.cautious谨慎的、小心的 14n.vt.caution谨慎、警告.小心.15v.celebrate庆祝 16adj.v.central中心的，首要的/把当中心 17n.ceremony典礼，仪式 18adj.certain确定的；无疑的 19n.challenge挑战 20adjchallenging具有挑战性的 21n.chance机会；可能性 22v.ch

466、ange改变、变化 23n.change变化；零钱（不可数）24adj.n.characteristic独特的/特征 特点 25n.vtcharge要价、收费 26v.n.chat聊天；闲谈 27v.n.check检查；核对；批改;支票 28n.vi.cheer欢呼；喝彩 29adjcheerful兴高采烈的，高兴地 30adj.chief主要的；首要的 31n.chief首领；领导人 32nchoice选择 33v.choose选择 34n.church教堂 35n.cinema电影院 36n.v.circle圆圈、环绕，盘旋 37v.circulate循环，流传，传阅 38v.clarif

467、y.澄清，阐明，使.纯净 39n.clarification澄清，阐明，中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 54 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40v.classify把分类为 41v.clean打扫；弄干净 42adj.clear清晰的 43v.clear清除，放晴 44vt.adj.adv.close关闭/亲密的(地)45n.cloth布料，抹布 46n.clothing(总称)衣服 47n.coast海岸 48n.coin硬币 49n.coincidence共同发生,巧合 50vt.collect收集；搜

468、集 51n.collection收藏品 bine使联合,使结合 fort安慰 fort舒适 fortable舒适的 56n.vcommand命令，指挥，支配 ment评论 mit犯,干(坏事)等 mon普通的、普遍的 60vt.ncommunicate传达，传递（想法，感情，思想等）pany交往；陪伴/公司 pare比较 pensate补偿,赔偿,弥补 pete比赛，竞赛 petition比赛，竞赛 plete完整的 plete完成、结束 promise妥协；和解 pulsory强制的,义务的 70v.concentrate集中（思想等）71v.concern让某人担忧 72v.concern

469、与有关 73v.concern就而言 74prep.concerning关系到，涉及 75n.concert音乐会；演奏会 76v.conclude结束/推断出 77v.concrete明确的,具体的 78vt.condemn谴责；判刑；宣告有罪 79n.condition状况；条件 80vt.n.conduct引导/指挥/举止，表现 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 55 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81adj.confident自信的 82n.confidence自信 83vt.confirm证实，批准

470、，确认 84vt.conflict矛盾 85vt.confuse使糊涂，使迷惑 86n.confusion困惑 87v.connect连接，联结 88n.connection连接物，接触，联系 89n.consequence结果，后果；重要性，重大 90v.consider认为；把看做；2)考虑 91n.consideration考虑 92viconsist包含，组成，构成 93adjconsistent一致的 94n.construction建造，建设 95vt.construct建造，修建 96vt.consult咨询，请教 97v.contain包含/容纳、装有 98n.containe

471、r容器，集装箱 99adjcontent甘愿的，满意的 100n.content内容 101v.continue继续 102adj.contrary相反(的)103v.contribute捐献，捐赠 104n.contribution贡献，奉献 105n.convenience便利 106adj.convenient便利的 107vt.convey传送,传达,表达 108vt.convince使确信,使信服 109n.corner街角；困境 110vt.corner使落入圈套 111adj.vtcorrect正确的.纠正，批改 112v.count数数；重要 113n.couple两人、几个人

472、、物；一对夫妻 114n.courage勇气 115n.course课程；航线；进程；一道菜 116v.cover覆盖；涉及，处理；足以支付；报道 117adjcrazy疯狂的；热衷于 118n.credit信用 119n.v.crowd人群.挤满 120adj.crowded拥挤的 121adj.cruel残忍的；引起痛苦的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 56 页（共 331 页）序号 122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144

473、145146147148149150词性 adj.n.vn.adj.adv.v.v.n.v.n.v.n.n.v.v.v.n.v.v.n.v.n.n v.n.v.v.v.V.n.v.n.v.v.英文 curiouscustomdailydamagedare datedawn deal debt decisiondeclaredeclinedecoratedecorationdeed defeatdefenddefencedegreedelaydelightdeliverdemanddependdescribedescriptiondesigndesiredestroy中文 好奇的.风俗，习惯 日

474、常、每日的 损害、毁坏 敢 日期.黎明 应付；解决 债务，欠款 决定 宣布；声明 拒绝,谢绝,下降 装饰修饰 装饰品，奖章 行为、行动 击败、战胜 辩护、保卫 辩护、保卫.度数（角）、程度；推迟 快乐,乐事 备注 学位 发表、投递、传送 要求、需求、依靠、依赖 描写、描述 描写、描述 设计 希望、愿望 破坏、摧毁 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 57 页（共 331 页）词汇表（三）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1v.determine决定、决心 2v.develop发展，疾病开始侵袭；冲洗 3n.devotion奉献 4v.

475、devote奉献，贡献 5n.diary日记 6ndictation听写 7n.diet饮食 8v.dig挖；挖掘 9n.direction方向，指导 10adj.disabled残废的，残疾的 11n.disadvantage不利、劣势 12vi.disagree意见不一致，13v.disappoint使.失望 14n.disappointment失望 15n.discount折扣 16v.discourage使气馁 17v.n.discover发现 18v.discuss讨论 19n.discussion讨论 20ndish.盘子，餐具 21v.dismiss拒绝考虑 22v.dismis

476、s解雇.解散 23n.distance距离 24n.distinction区别，差别；卓越，优秀 25v.distinguish区别，辨别 26v.divide划分；分配；除 27n.divorce离婚，离异 28v.donate捐赠,捐献 29n.donation捐赠,捐献 30n.v.doubt怀疑 31adv.downstairs到楼下，在楼下 32adj.adv.downtown市中心的.往市中心区 33n.dozen打 34v.drag拖，拽 35v.draw画；拉，拖；吸引；36n.v.dress(穿)衣服 37adj.drunk喝醉的 38adj.drunken喝醉了的 39v.

477、drive驾驶，开车 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 58 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40v.drive驱逐；迫使 41v.n.drop滴；落下；倒下 42v.drown淹死；（声音）掩盖 43n.drug药；毒品 44adj.v.dry干的.弄干 45adj.due到期的，预期的 46adj.eager渴望的 47v.earn挣；赢得 48v.educate教育，培养 49adj.educated受过教育的 50n.education教育 51n.veffect影响，效果 52n.effort努力 5

478、3n.adjelder长者.年纪较长的 54v.elect（投票）选举 55n.election（投票）选举 56adj.electrical电的，电器的 57adj.electric用电的，电动的 58adj.electronic电子的 59adj.else别的/其他的 60v.embarrass使尴尬 61n.emergency紧急情况 62n.encouragement鼓励 63v.encourage鼓励 64n.v.end末尾.终止 65adj.energetic精力旺盛的，精力充沛的 66n.energy精力 67vt.enter进入,参加 68n.entrance入口，入学 69a

479、dj.enthusiastic热情的，热心的 70v.entry进入 71n.environment环境 72vt.nenvy嫉妒/羡慕 73adj.vtequal平等的,等于 74vt.equip提供设备；配备 75n.equipment(不可数)装备/设备 76v.nescape逃跑，逃脱 77adj.exact精确的 78vt.examine检查/诊察 79prepexcept除之外 80vt.exchange交换，调换，交流 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 59 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81v

480、t.excite使兴奋/使激动 82vi.exist存在 83n.existence存在 84v.expect预料；认为,85n.expectation预料，期望 86n.v.experience经验.经历,体验 87nexperiment实验 88n.expert专家 89v.explain解释 90n.explanation解释 91vt.exploit利用,剥削,开采，开发 92vt.viexplore勘探 93vt.expose揭露 陈述，揭露 94vt.express表达 95n.expression表达.词句.表情.神色 96n.face脸.面对 97vt.vifade褪色，（颜色

481、）消退 98v.fail失败，不及格，衰退，未发生 99n.failure失败(的人或事)100adj.fair公平的，白皙的，晴朗的,金黄的 101n.v.fall秋季，跌倒.降落 102v.fall进入状态 103adj.fantastic极好的.巨大的 104n.fault缺点，毛病 105n.favor恩惠，好处，帮忙 106n.feast盛会，宴会 107vfeed喂养，饲养 108n,vfigure数字，图形，身形，人物 109vt.vifill填满，装满 110n.vfilm电影，影片，拍摄 111n.vfire火.射击，开火，解雇,点燃 112n.adj.vfit合适的(衣服)

482、.合适的，胜任的.适合 113v.fix修理，安装，确定，决定 114n.vflash闪光，转瞬间.闪光 115n.flesh肉 116n.vflood洪水，一大阵,淹没 117n.floor地板，（议会的）发言权 118adj.fluent流利的 119adv.fluently流利地 120n.fluency流利 121v.n.fly飞，飘，飞行，苍蝇 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 60 页（共 331 页）序号 1221231241251261271281291301311321331341351361371381391

483、40141142143144145146147148149词性 v.n.v.v.n.v.v.n.u.nvi.adj.n.v.n.v.n.vt.vi n.adj.n.adj.n.adj.vt.adj.adj.v.v.n.v.n.v.n.英文 focus follow fool forbid force fortune freezefresh fun function gain gathergathering generousgiftgifted glory glorious grasp gratefulgreedygreetgrow guaranteeguessguidance guidegui

484、lty中文 集中.焦点 跟随，效仿，跟得上 傻子 v 愚弄 禁止；不许 强迫，外力 财产；运气 结冰 新鲜的 有趣的事，娱乐，玩笑 功能.起作用，收益，赚得，赢得 聚集，采集 聚集，采集 慷慨大方的.丰盛的 赠品，礼 有天赋的 荣誉，光荣，赞美 荣誉的，光荣的 抓牢.理解，领会 感激的，感谢的 贪婪的 迎接，入（耳），触（目），扑（鼻）成长.变得 保证 猜测 引导，指导，建议 引导，导游 有罪的 备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 61 页（共 331 页）词汇表（四）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.habit习惯 2n

485、.hair头发 3n.haircut（男子）理发 4a.&nhalf半，一半，半个 5n.hall大厅,会堂,礼堂;过道 6n.ham火腿 7n.hamburger汉堡包 8n.hammer锤子，锣锤 9v.nhand传递.手，指针 10n.handbag女用皮包，手提包 11n.handful把；少数，少量 12n.handkerchief手帕 13n.vt.handle把手.处理，应付 14a.handsome英俊的 15n.handtruck手推运货车 16n.handwriting书法 17adj.handy便利的，顺手的 18v.hang绞刑，上吊，悬挂 19v.happen发生，碰

486、巧 20n.vharm危害 21a.harmful有害的；致伤的 22a.harmless无害的;不致伤的 23n.harmony融洽，和睦 24n.harvest丰收.收获 25n.hat帽子(一般指有边的)；礼帽 26v.hatch（鸟、鸡）孵蛋 27n.hawk鹰 28n.hay作饲料用的干草 29v.hate讨厌 30n.head头 31n.headache头疼 32n.headline（报刊的）大字标题 33n.headmaster（英）中小学校长 34n.headmistress女校长 35n.headteacher中小学班主任 36n.health健康 37adj.healthy

487、健康的 38n.v.heap堆.堆起来 39v.hear听见；听说,得知 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 62 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40n.hearing听力 41n.heart心.心脏,纸牌中的红桃 42n.vt.heat热、把.加热 43n.heaven天，天空 44adj.heavy重的 45adv.heavily重地 46n.heel脚后跟 47n.height高度.海拔 48n.helicopter直升飞机 49n.helmet头盔 50n.hen母鸡 51n.herb草药 52n.he

488、ro英雄，勇士，男主角 53n.heroine女英雄，女主角 54n.vhelp帮助、提供帮助 55adj。helpful有帮助的 56v.hesitate犹豫 57n.hesitation犹豫 58vi.hibernate冬眠 59n.hibernation冬眠 60adj.high具体含义上的高 61adv。highly抽象含义上高度地 62n.highway公路,主要交通道路 63n.hill小山;丘陵;土堆;斜坡 64n.hillside（小山）山腰，山坡 65n.history历史 66vt.hire租用 67n.history历史，历史学 68v.n.hit打击、突然想起、受欢迎的

489、人或物 69n.hive蜂房；蜂箱 70n.hobby业余爱好，嗜好 71vt.hold拿；抱；握住；举行；进行 72n.vhonor荣誉，光荣.给某人荣耀 73n.vhope希望 74n.hole洞，坑 75n.holiday假日；假期 76a.holy神圣的 77n.homeland祖国 78n.hometown故乡 79a.honest诚实的，正直的 80n.homework家庭作业 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 63 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81n.honey蜂蜜 82n.&v.hook钩子

490、；衔接，连接 83n.&v.hope希望 84a.hopeful有希望的；有前途的 85a.hopeless没有希望,不可救药的 86a.horrible令人恐惧；恐怖的 87n.horse马 88n.hospital医院 89n.vhost主人、主持人、东道主、主办 90n.hostess女（主人、招待、主持人）91a.hot热的 92n.hotel旅馆，饭店，宾馆 93n.hour小时 94n.house房子；住宅 95n.housewife家庭主妇 96n.housework家务劳动 97ad.however可是.尽管如此 98vi.howl嚎叫，嚎哭 99v.hug拥抱 100a.hu

491、ge巨大的，庞大的 101a.human人的，人类的 102n.humor幽默 103adj.humourous幽默的 104num.hundred百 105n.hunger饥饿 106a.hungry（饥）饿的 107v.hunt打猎、猎取 108n.hunter猎人 109n.hurricane飓风，十二级风 110v.nhurry匆忙 111vt.hurt伤害，受伤；伤人感情 112n.husband丈夫 113n.hydrogen氢 114n.ice冰 115n.ice-cream冰淇淋 116n.idea主意,意见,打算,想法 117n.identity身份，特征 118n.iden

492、tification鉴定，辨别 119n.idiom习语，成语 120v.ignore忽视，对不理会 121a.ill有病的；不健康的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 64 页（共 331 页）序号 122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150151词性 adj.n.vt.a.ad n.v.&n.n.a.a.vt.n.vt.n.n.vt.n.a.v.&na.n.a.v.n.n.&v.vt.n.a.v

493、t.n.英文 illegal illness imagine immediateimmediatelyimmigration import importanceimportant impossible impressimpressionimproveinch incidentinclude incomeincorrectincreaseindeedindependenceindependentIndicateindustry influenceinform information initialinjureinjury中文 非法的 疾病 想像，设想 立即的，马上 立即 移民 进口，输入 重要性

494、 重要的 不可能的 留下极深的印象 印象，感觉 改进，更新 英寸 事件 包含，包括 收入 不正确的，错误的 增加，繁殖 确实；实在 独立 独立的,有主见的 表明，象征，暗示 工业，产业 影响 告诉；通知 信息 开始的，最初的 损害，伤害 受伤 备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 65 页（共 331 页）词汇表（五）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.ink墨水，油墨 2a.inland内陆的；内地的 3n.inn小旅店；小饭店 4a.innocent无辜的，清白的 5n.insect昆虫 6vt.insert插入 7pre

495、p.inside在里面 8vi.insist坚持；坚决认为 9vt.inspect检查；检验；审视 10vt.inspire鼓舞；激励 11a.instant瞬间；刹那 12ad.instead代替，顶替 13n.institute(研究)所,院，学院 14ninstitution(慈善、宗教等性质的)公共机构；学校 15vt.instruct通知；指示；教 16n.instruction说明,须知;教导 17n.instrument乐器;工具,器械 18n.insurance保险 19n.intelligence智力,才智,智慧 20vt.intend想要，打算 21n.intention打

496、算,计划,意图 22n.interest兴趣，趣味;利息 23a.interesting有趣的 24a.international国际的 25n.internet互联网，英特网 26n.interpreter翻译 27v.interrupt打扰，打断 28n.interval间歇；间隔 29n.&vt.interview采访,会见,面试 30prep.into到里;向内；变成 31vt.introduce介绍 32n.introduction引进，介绍 33vt.invent发明，创造 34n.invention引进，介绍 35vt.invent发明，创造 36n.invention发明，创造

497、 37n.inventor发明者，创造者 38n.invitation邀请，请帖 39vt.invite邀请，招待 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 66 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40n.Ireland爱尔兰 41a.Irish爱尔兰的，爱尔兰人的 42n.vt.iron铁，熨斗,熨烫 43vt.irrigate灌溉 44n.irrigation灌溉 45n.island岛 46a.n.Italian意大利(人)的(人，语)47n.Italy意大利 48pron.its它的 49pron.itself它

498、自己 50n.jacket短上衣，夹克衫 51n.jam果酱；阻塞 52n.January1 月 53n.Japan日本 54a.n.Japanese日本（的），日本（人的）55n.jar罐子；坛子 56n.jaw下巴 57n.jazz爵士音乐，爵士舞曲 58n.jeans牛仔裤 59n.jeep吉普车 60n.jet喷气式飞机；喷射（器）61n.jewel宝石 62n.jewelry（总称）珠宝 63n.job工作 64v.jog慢跑 65v.join参加,加入;连接;会合 66n.joke笑话 67n.journalist记者，新闻工作者 68n.journey旅行，路程 69n.joy欢

499、乐，高兴，乐趣 70n.vt.judge裁判；审判员；法官/判断，断定 71n.judgement裁判 72n.juice汁、液 73a.juicy多汁的；水分多的 74n.July7 月 75n.v.jump跳跃；跳变 76n.June6 月 77n.jungle丛林，密林 78a.junior初级的；年少的 79n.junk废品，破烂货 80n.junk mail塞到邮箱的广告宣传品 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 67 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81ad.a.just刚才；恰好/公正的 82n.j

500、ustice正义；公正；司法 83n.kangaroo大袋鼠 84v.keep保持；保存/培育，饲养 85n.keeper动物园中的）饲养员，看守人 86n.kettle(烧水用的)水壶 87n.key钥匙;答案;键;关键 88n.keyboard键盘 89v.&n.kick踢 90n.kid小孩 91v.kill杀死，弄死 92n.kilo千克；千米 93n.kilogram千克 94n.kilometre千米（公里）95n.a.kind种;类/善良,友好的 96n.kindergarten幼儿园 97a.kind-hearted好心的 98n.kindness仁慈；善良 99n.king国

501、王 100n.kingdom王国 101n.&vt.kiss吻，亲吻 102n.kitchen厨房 103n.kite风筝 104n.knee膝盖 105n.knife小刀;匕首;刀片 106n.&v.knock敲；打；击 107v.know知道，了解；认识；懂得 108n.knowledge知识，学问 109n.lab=laboratory实验室 110n.labour/(美 labor)劳动 111n.labourer(laborer)体力劳动者 112n.&vt.lack缺乏，缺少 113n.ladder梯子 114n.lady女士，夫人 115n.lake湖 116n.lamb羔羊 1

502、17a.lame跛的，瘸的，残废的 118n.lamp灯，油灯；光源 119n.v.land陆地,土地/登岸(陆)降落 120n.language语言 121n.lantern灯笼；提灯 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 68 页（共 331 页）序号 122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150词性 n.a.n.a.ad.n.v.a.ad.ad.a.a.n.n.&v.n.n.n.n.n.vt.a.v

503、.n.n.a.n.n.vi.vt.a.n.n.v.n.英文 lap large laser last late latelylaterlatestlatter laughlaughterlaundry lavatory law lawyerlaylazy lead leaderleading leaf league leak learn learnedleast leatherleavelecture中文(人坐时)膝部.(跑道的)一圈 大的；巨大的 激光 最后的(地)/最后/持续 晚的,迟地 最近，不久前 晚些的，迟些的 最近，最新的；最晚的（两者之中的）后者 笑，大笑；嘲笑 笑；笑声 洗衣店

504、;要洗的衣服 便所，厕所 法律，法令；定律 律师 放，搁 懒惰的 领导，带领/铅 领袖，领导人 最主要的，第一位的（树，菜）叶 联盟，社团 漏；渗 学，学习，学会 有才华的；博学的 最少，最少量 皮革 离开;把留下，剩下 讲课，演讲 备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 69 页（共 331 页）词汇表（六）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1a.ad.n.left(向)左边(的)2a.left-handed惯用左手的 3a.n.leftover剩余,剩下的.剩饭菜 4n.left-wing左翼的 5n.leg腿；腿脚；支柱 6a

505、.legal与法律有关的，法律的 7n.a.lemon柠檬、柠檬色(味)的 8n.lemonade柠檬水 9vt.lend借(出),把借给 10n.length长，长度，段，节 11n.lesson课；功课；教训 12vt.let让 13n.letter信；字母 14n.letter-box信箱 15n.level水平线，水平 16n.liberty自由 17vt.liberate解放，使获自由 18n.liberation解放 19n.librarian图书管理员；（西方的）图书馆馆长 20n.library图书馆，图书室 21n.license执照，许可证 22n.lid盖子 23v.n.

506、lie躺;卧;平放;位于/谎言;说谎 24n.life生命；生涯；生活；人生；生物 25n.lifetime一生，终生 举起，抬起；（云、烟等）消散/（英）26v.n.lift27n.vt.a.light电梯 光，灯光/点（火），/明亮的；轻的；浅 色的 28n.lightning闪电 29prep.vt.like像，跟一样/喜欢，喜爱 30a.likely很可能的 31vt.limit限制；减少 32n.v.line线，排，行 v.画线于，（使）成行 33v.link连接；联系 34n.lion狮子 35n.lip嘴唇 36n.&a.liquid液体；液体的 37n.list一览表，清单 中

507、山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 70 页（共 331 页）38vi.listen听,仔细听 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 39n.literature文学 40a.literary文学的 41v.litter乱丢杂物 42a.ad.n.little很少地 43vi.alive生活;居住/活着 活着的;现场（直播）的 44a.lively活泼的;充满生气的 45a.n.living活着、生计 46n.load担子，货物 47n.loaf一个面包 48a.local当地的；地方的 49n.vt.lock锁、锁，锁上 50n.locu

508、st蝗虫 51n.London伦敦 52a.lonely孤独的，寂寞的 53a.ad.long长的，长久 54n.v.look看，观看、看起来 55a.loose宽松的、松散的 56n.lorry（英）运货汽车，卡车 57n.loss丧失；损耗 58vt.lose失去，丢失 59n.lot许多，好些 60a.loud大声的 61ad.loudly大声地 62n.loudspeaker扬声器，喇叭 63n.lounge休息厅；休息室 64n.&vt.love爱；热爱;很喜欢 65a.lovely美好的，可爱的 66a.&adlow低；矮 67n.luck运气，好运 68a.lucky运气好，侥幸

509、 69n.luggage(总称)行李 70n.lunch午餐，午饭 71n.lung肺；肺脏 72n.machine机器 73a.mad发疯的；生气的 74n.magazine杂志 75a.magic有魔力的 76n.maid女仆；侍女 77n.v.mail邮政,邮递 78n.mailbox邮筒；邮箱 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 71 页（共 331 页）79a.main主要的 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 80n.mainland大陆 81a.major较大的；主要的 82n.majority大多数 83a.male男（

510、性）的；雄的 84n.man成年男人;人类 85v.manage管理；设法对付 86n.manager经理 87n.mankind人类;（总称）人 88a.man-made人造的，人工的 89n.manner方式，态度，举止 90n.table manners餐桌礼节，用餐的规矩 91pron.many许多人（或物）/许多的 92n.map地图 93n.maple枫树 94n.maple leaves枫叶 95n.marathon马拉松 96n.marble大理石；玻璃弹子 97n.march游行，行进 98n.march3 月 99n.vt.mark标记/标明,作记号于 100n.marke

511、t市场，集市 101n.marriage结婚，婚姻 102a.married已婚的 103v.marry（使）成婚，结婚 104n.v.mask面罩(具)；遮盖物/戴面具；掩饰；伪装 105n.mass众多;大量;（复）群众 106vt.master精通，掌握 107n.mat垫子 108v.n.match使相配，使成对/比赛，竞赛/火柴 109n.material材料，原料 110n.mathematics=math/maths（常作单数用）数学 111n.vimatter要紧事，事情；问题/有重大关系 112a.mature成熟的 113a.&n.maximum最大量(的)；最大限度(的)

512、114n.may5 月 115n.May5 月 116ad.maybe可能，大概，也许 117n.meal一餐（饭）118vt.mean意思,意指 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 72 页（共 331 页）同时 中文 量（猪、牛、羊等的）肉 奖牌 金牌 大众传播媒介 医学的，医疗的 药 媒体,中间的,中等的 遇见，见到 会；集会（甜）瓜；瓜状物 成员，会员 纪念馆 回忆，记忆 记忆 修理，修补 精神的、脑力的 精神上；智力上 提及；记载/提到，说起；提名表扬 菜单 商业的；商人的/商人；生意人 仁慈的；宽大的 怜悯 仅仅，只不

513、过 高兴的，愉快的 凌乱 消息，音信 乱七八糟的 金属/金属制成的 方法、办法 米，公尺 微机 119序号 120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150ad.词性 v.n.n.n.n.a.n.n.vt./n.n.n.n.n.v.v.a.ad.n.vt.n.a.n.a.n.ad.a.n.n.a.n.an.n.n.meanwhile英文 measuremeatmedalgold medalmediamedicalmedicinemediummeetmelon

514、membermemorialmemorymemorizemendmentalmentallymentionmenumerchantmercifulmercymerelymerrymessmessagemessymetalmethodmetre(美 meter)microcomputer备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 73 页（共 331 页）词汇表（七）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.microscope显微镜 2n.microwave微波 3n.mid-autumn中秋 4n.midday中午,正午 5n.midd

515、le中间;当中;中级的 6n.Middle East中东 7n.midnight午夜 8v.aux.might可能，也许，或许 9a.mild温和,暖和的,凉爽的 10n.mile英里 11n.vt.milk挤奶 12n.million百万 13n.millionaire百万富翁 14n.v.mind思想,想法、介意,关心 15n.vt.pron.mine矿藏,矿山/开采(矿物)/我的 16n.mineral矿物质，矿物 17n.minibus小型公共汽车 18a.minimum最小的 19n.miniskirt超短裙 20n.minister部长；牧师 21n.ministry（政府的）部

516、22n.minority少数；少数民族 23prep.&a.minus负的，减去的 24n.minute分钟;一会儿，瞬间 25n.mirror镜子 26vt.miss失去，错过，缺 27nmissile导弹 28n.mist雾 29n.vt.mistake错误/弄错 30a.mistaken错误的 31v.misunderstand误会；不理解 32v.mix混合，搅拌 33n.mixture混合物 34a.mobile活动的，可移动的 35n.mobile phone手提电话，手机 36n.model模型,原形,范例,模范 37n.modem调制解调器 38na.moder现代的 中山纪念

517、中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 74 页（共 331 页）39a.modest谦虚的；谦逊的 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40n.moment片刻，瞬间 41n.Monday星期一 42n.money钱；货币 43n.monitor班长；纠察生；监视器 44n.monkey猴子 45n.month月，月份 46n.monument纪念碑，纪念物 47n.moon月球；月光；月状物 48n.moon cake月饼 49n./v.mop拖把 拖地 50a.n.moral道德的/寓意,道德启示 51n.morning早晨，上午 52n.M

518、oscow莫斯科 53n.Moslem伊斯兰教徒,回教徒 54n.Mosquito蚊子 55n.mother母亲 56n.motherland祖国 57n.motivation（做事的）动机 58n.motor发动机，马达 59n.motorbike摩托车 60n.motorcycle摩托车 61n.motto箴言，格言 62n.mountain(s)山，山脉 63a.mountainous多山的 64vt.mourn哀痛；哀悼 65n.mouse鼠，耗子；（计算机）鼠标 66n.moustache小胡子 67n.mouth嘴，口 68n.mouthful满口，一口 69v.move移动，搬动

519、，搬家 70n.movement运动，活动 71n.movie电影 72n.mud泥,泥浆 73a.muddy泥泞的 74vt.multiply乘；使相乘 75vt.murder谋杀 76n.museum博物馆，博物院 77n.mushroom蘑菇 78n.music音乐，乐曲 79a.n.musical音乐的，爱好音乐的/音乐片 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 75 页（共 331 页）97 80n.musician音乐家，乐师 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81n.mustard芥末，芥子粉 82v.must必须,应当;必

520、定是 83n.mutton羊肉 84pron.my我的 85pron.myself我自己 86n.nail钉，钉子 87n.vt.name姓名,名称/命名,名叫 88a.narrow狭窄的 89n.nation民族，国家 90a.national国家的,全国性的，民族的 91n.nationality国籍 92ad.nationwide全国范围内的,全国性的 93a.native本土的，本国的 94a.natural自然的 95n.nature自然,性质，种类 96n.navy海军 a.ad.prep.near近的/邻近/靠近 98a.nearby附近的 99ad.nearly将近，几乎 10

521、0a.neat整洁的；灵巧的 101a.necessary必需的，必要的 102n.neck颈，脖子 103n.necklace项链 104n.necktie领带，领花 105n.aux.&v.need需要/必须 106n.needle针 107v.negotiate谈判，协商 108n.neighbour邻居，邻人 109n.neighbourhood四邻；邻近地区 110a.neither（两者）都不;也不 111n.nephew侄子，外甥 112a.nervous紧张不安的 113n.nest巢；窝 网 work网络，网状系统 116ad.never决不，从来没有 117a.new新的；

522、新鲜的 118n.New York纽约 119n.New Zealand新西兰 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 76 页（共 331 页）新西兰人 中文 新闻，消息 报纸 最近的，下一次/随后/下一个人（东西）令人愉快;好的漂亮的 侄女，甥女 夜；夜间 夜总会 九 十九 九十 第九 高贵的，贵族的 渺小人物/没有人，谁也不 点头 声音，噪声，喧闹声 喧闹地 喧闹的，嘈杂的 无任何一人的 不停的,不断地 非暴力的 面条 中午，正午 也不 正常的（状态）北的/向（在,从）北方/北方;北部 东北（部）北方的，北部的 向北 西北 鼻

523、120序号 121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150n.词性 n.n.a.ad.n.a.n.n.n.num.num.num.num.a.n.pron.vi.n.ad.a.pron.a.&ad.a.n.n.conj.n.&a.a.ad.n.n.a.ad.n.n.New Zealander英文 newsnewspapernextnice niecenightnight-clubnine nineteenninety ninth noble nobody nod

524、noise noisily noisy none non-stopnon-violentnoodle noonnor normal north northeastnorthernnorthwards northwestnose备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 77 页（共 331 页）词汇表（八）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.vt.note便条，注释/钞票/音符/记录/注意 2n.notebook笔记簿 3n.advnothing没有什么/一点也不；并不 4n.vt.notice布告，通告；注意 5n.novel（长

525、篇）小说 6n.novelist小说家 7n.November11 月 8ad.nowadays当今，现在 9ad.nowhere任何地方都不,无处 10a.nuclear原子核的，原子能的，核动力的 11a.numb麻木的，失去知觉的，迟钝的 12n.number数,号码,数量 13n.nurse护士；保育员 14n.nursery托儿所 15n.nursing(职业性的）保育,护理 16n.nut坚果,果仁(胡桃,栗子等)17n.nutrition营养，滋养 18n.nylon尼龙 19v.obey服从，顺从，听从 20n.object物，物体；宾语 21v.observe观察，监视，观测

526、 22vt.obtain获得；得到 23a.obvious显然 24n.occupation职业，工作 25vi.occur发生 26n.ocean海洋 27n.October10 月 28prep.of(表所属,数量,).的 29prep.off离开,脱离,（走）开 30n.offence违法行为，犯罪 31n.&vt.offer提供；建议 32n.office办公室 33n.officer军官;公务员,官员；警察 34n.a.official官员,高级职员/官方,政府的 35a.offshore近海的 36ad.often经常，常常 37n.oil油 38n.oilfield油田 39a.

527、old老的，旧的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 78 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40a.&n.Olympic(s)奥林匹克 41n.Olympic Games奥运会 42n.omelette煎蛋卷；煎蛋饼 43n/ad/conj.once一次,一度,从前/一旦 44pron.oneself自己；自身 45n.onion洋葱；洋葱头 46a.ad.only惟一的，/仅仅，才 47prep.onto到的上面 48vt.open开着的/打开 49n.opener开具，启子 50n.opening开放，口子

528、51n.opera歌剧 52n.opera house歌剧院,艺术剧院 53voperate做手术，运转；实施，经营，管理 54n.operation手术，操作 55n.operator接线员 56n.opinion看法，见解 57vt.oppose反对；反抗 58n.a.opposite相反，对面/相反的，对面的 59a.optimistic乐观的 60a.optional可选择的，选修的 61conj.or或；就是；否则 62a.oral口述的，口头上的 63n.a.orange橘子/橘色的，橙色的 64n.orbit运行轨道 65n.order顺序 66vt.order定购，定货；点菜

529、67a.ordinary普通的，平常的 68n.organ（人，动物）器官 69vt.organise组织 70n.organiser组织者 71n.organization组织，机构 72n.origin起源，由来 73pron.a.other别的东西(人)/别的,另外的 74ad.otherwise要不然,否则,另样 75n.Ottawa渥太华 76v.&aux.ought应该，应当 77pron.our我们的 78pron.ours我们的 79pron.ourselves我们自己 80ad.out出外;在外,向外;熄 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高

530、考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 79 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81n.outcome结果，效果 82ad.outdoors在户外,在野外 83a.outer外部的，外面的 84a.outgoing爱交际的,外向的 85n.outing外出、外面 86n.outline概述，略述 87n.output产量，输出量 88n.ad.outside外面/在外面 89a.outspoken直率，坦诚 90a.outstanding优秀的，杰出的 91ad.outwards向外的，外出的 92n.adj.oval椭圆；椭圆形的 93prep.ad.over在上方,越过,遍及 94n

531、.overcoat大衣 95v.overcome克服，解决 96a.overhead在头顶上;架空的 97v.overlook忽略,不予理会 98a.overweight太胖的,超重的 99vt.owe欠（债等）100a.v.own自己的/拥有,所有 101n.owner物主，所有人 102n.ownership所有制 103n.ox牛；公牛 104n.oxygen氧；氧气 105n.pace步子；节奏 106a.Pacific太平洋的 107n.v.pack包,捆;（猎犬、野兽的）一群/打包 108npackage一包，一袋，一盒 109n.packet小包裹，袋 110n.paddle桨状

532、物，蹼 111n.page页，页码 112n.pain疼痛，疼 113a.painful使痛的，使痛苦的 114n.vt.paint油漆,粉刷,绘画 115n.painter绘画者,（油）画家 116n.painting油画，水彩画 117n.pair一双，一对 118n.palace宫，宫殿 119a.pale苍白的，灰白的 120n.pan平底锅 121n.pancake薄煎饼 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 80 页（共 331 页）序号 12212312412512612712812913013113213313413

533、5136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150词性 n.a.v.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.n.vt.n.n.n.a.v.v.a.ad.n.a.ad.n.vt.nn.n.a.n.ad.n.n.英文 panda panic paperpaperworkparagraph parallel parcelpardon parent Parispark parking parrotpartpart participate particular partly partnerpart-timepartypass passage passengerpasse

534、r-bypassivepassport pastpatent中文 熊猫 惊慌,恐慌,惶恐不安 纸；报纸 日常文书工作（文章的）段落 极其相似的人,纬线 包裹 原谅,宽恕,对不起 父(母)，双亲 巴黎 公园/停放（汽车）停车 鹦鹉 部分；角色；部件；零件/局部的；部分的 分离；分开；分割 参加，参与 特殊的，个别的 部分地,在一定程度上 搭档，合作者 兼职的；部分时间的（地）聚会，晚会；党派 传，递；经过；通过（文章等的）一节，一段；通道；走廊 乘客，旅客 过客，过路人 被动的 护照 过去，昔日，往事 专利权，专利证书 备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高

535、考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 81 页（共 331 页）词汇表（九）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.path小道，小径 2n.patience容忍；耐心 3n.patient病人 4n.pattern式样 5n.vi.pause中止，暂停；停止 6v.n.pay付钱，给报酬/工资 7n.pea豌豆 8n.peace和平 9a.peaceful和平的，安宁的 10n.peach桃子 11n.pear梨子，梨树 12n.peasant农民；佃农 13n.pedestrian步行者，行人 14n.pen钢笔，笔 15n.pencil铅笔 16n.pencil-box铅笔盒 17n.penfrie

536、nd笔友 18n.penny（英）便士；美分 19n.pension养老金 20n.people人，人们；人民 21n.pepper胡椒粉 22prep.per每，每一 23n.percent百分之24n.percentage百分率 25a.perfect完美的，极好的 26v.perform表演，履行；行动 27n.performance演出，表演 28n.performer表演者，执行者 29n.perfume香水 30ad.perhaps可能，或 31n.period香水 32a.permanent永久的，永恒的 33n.permission允许,许可,同意 34vt.n.permit许

537、可,允许;执照/许可证 35n.person人 36a.personal个人的，私人的 37n.personnel全体人员，职员 38ad.personally就自己而言 39vt.persuade说服，劝说 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 82 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40n.pest害虫 41n.pet宠物，爱畜 42n.petrol石油 43n.phenomenon现象 44v.n.phone=telephone打电话/电话机 45n.phone-booth公用电话间 46n.photo照片=p

538、hotograph47n.photograph照片 48n.photographer摄影师 49n.phrase短语；习惯用语 50a.physical身体的；物理的 51n.physician(有行医执照的)医生 52n.physicist物理学家 53n.physics物理（学）54n.pianist钢琴家 55n.piano钢琴 56v.pick拾起，采集；挑选 57n.v.picnic野餐 58n.picture图片，画片，照片 59n.pie甜馅饼 60n.piece一块（片，张，件）61n.pig猪 62n.pile堆 63n.pill药丸，药片 64n.pillow枕头 65n.

539、pilot飞行员 66n.v.pin别住,钉住/别针 67n.pine松树 68n.pineapple菠萝 69n.ping-pong乒乓球 70a.pink粉红色的 71n.pint（液量单位）品脱 72n.pioneer先锋，开拓者 73n.pipe管子，输送管 74n.pity怜悯，同情 75n.v.place地方，处所/放置，安排 76a.plain家常的；普通的 77n.v.plan计划，打算 78n.plane飞机 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 83 页（共 331 页）79n.planet行星 序号 词性 英文

540、 中文 备注 80vt.n.plant种植，播种/植物 81a.plastic塑料的 82n.plate板；片；牌；盘子；盆子 83n.platform讲台,(车站的)月台 84v.n.play玩；打（球）；游戏；播放/玩耍，戏剧 85n.playroom游戏室 86n.player比赛者，选手 87n.playground操场，运动场 88n.playmate玩伴 89a.pleasant令人愉快的，舒适的 90v.please请,使人高兴,使人满意 91a.pleased高兴的 92n.pleasure高兴，愉快 93n.plenty充足，大量 94v.n.plot故事情节，密谋 95v.

541、n.plug塞子/（用塞子）把塞住 96prep.plus加，加上 97n.pocket（衣服的）口袋 98n.poem诗 99n.poet诗人 100v.n.point指，指向/点；分数 101n.poison毒药 102a.poisonous有毒的，致命的 103n.pole杆，电线杆 104n.police警察，警务人员 105n.policeman警察,巡警 106n.policewoman女警察 107n.policy政策，方针，原则 108v.n.polish擦亮/擦光剂,亮光剂 109a.polite有礼貌的,有教养的 110a.political政治的 111n.politic

542、ian政治家 112n.politics政治 113vt.pollute污染 114n.pollution污染 115n.pond池塘 116n.pool水塘，水池 117a.poor贫穷；可怜；不好的,差的 118a.pop=popular（音乐、艺术等）大众的，通俗的 119n.popcorn爆米花 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 84 页（共 331 页）流行,大众,受欢迎的 中文 人口，人数 猪肉 稀饭，粥 港口，码头 手提的，便携式的 搬运工 位置 占有；拥有 所有，拥有；财产，所有物 可能，可能性 可能的 可能地，

543、也许 邮政，邮寄，邮件 邮费 邮箱 明信片（英）邮政编码 招贴；广告(画)邮递员 推迟，延期 锅，壶，瓶，罐 土豆，马铃薯 潜在的，可能的 磅；英镑 倾泻，不断流出 粉，粉末 效力大的，强有力的，强大的 实际的，适用的 练习 练习,实践 120序号 121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150a.词性 n.n.n.n.a.n.n.vt.n.n.a.ad.n.v.n.n.n.n.n.n.vt.n.n.a.n.vi.n.a.a.n.v.popular英文 popu

544、lation pork porridge port portable porterposition possess possession possibility possible possibly post postage postbox postcardpostcodeposterpostman postpone potpotato potential pound pour powderpowerful practical practicepractise备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 85 页（共 331 页）词汇表

545、（十）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.prairie大草原 2praise赞扬，表扬 3v.pray祈祷；祈求 4n.prayer祈祷 5a.precious宝贵的,珍贵的 6a.precise准确,精确的,确切的 7v.predict预言，预告，预报 8vt.prefer宁愿（选择）,更喜欢 9n.preference选择，趋向 10a.pregnant怀孕的 11n.prejudice偏见，成见 12n.premier首相，总理 13n.preparation准备 14vt.prepare准备,预备,调制,配制 15n.prescription处方，药方 16a.n.vt.presen

546、t出席的/礼物，赠品/呈奉，奉送 17n.presentation演示，演出 18v.preserve保护，保留，保存 19n.president总统；主席 20vt.n.press压,按/新闻界,出版社 21n.pressure压迫,压力,压强 22vi.pretend假装，装作 23a.pretty漂亮的，俊俏的 24vt.prevent防止,预防 25vt.preview预习;试演;预展 26n.price价格，价钱 27n.pride自豪，骄傲 28a.primary初等的；初级的 29n.primary school小学 30a.primitive原始的，远古的 31n.princi

547、ple道德原则，法则 32vt.print印刷 33n.printer打印机 34n.printing印刷，印刷术 35n.prison监狱 36n.prisoner囚犯 37a.private私人的 38n.privilege特权，特殊待遇 39n.prize奖赏，奖品 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 86 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40a.probable很可能,很有希望的 41ad.probably很可能，大概 42n.problem问题，难题 43n.procedure程序,手续,待遇 44n.

548、/v.process过程,加工,处理 45vt.produce生产；制造 46n.product产品，制品 47n.production生产；制造（需有高等教育学位的）职业（医生或 48n.profession律师）49n.professor教授 50n.profit利润，收益 51n.programme节目；项目 52n.vi.progress进步,上进/进展,进行 53v.prohibit禁止 54n.project工程 55n./vi.promise答应，允诺 56v.promote促进,推动,促销,晋升 57vt.pronounce发音 58n.pronunciation发音 59a.

549、proper恰当的，合适的 60ad.properly适当地 61vt.protect保护 62n.protection保护 63a.proud自豪的；骄傲的 64vt.prove证明 65vt.provide提供 66n.province省 67n.psychology心理学 68n.pub酒店，酒吧 69a.n.public公共,公众的/公众 70ad.publicly当众；公开地 71vt.publish出版，发行 72v.n.pull拉，拖/拉力，引力 脉搏，（光、能量、波等的）脉动，搏 73n.pulse动 74vt.pump用泵抽水 75a.punctual准时的 76v.punc

550、tuate加标点 77n.punctuation标点符号 78v.punish惩罚，处罚 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 87 页（共 331 页）79n.punishment惩罚 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 80n.pupil（小）学生 81v.purchase购买，采购 82a.pure纯的,不掺杂的 83n./a.purple紫色 84n.purpose目的，意图 85n.purse钱包 86n./v.push推 87vt.put放，摆 88n.puzzle难题,（字、画）谜 89a.puzzled迷惑的，困惑的 90

551、n.pyramid角锥形，金字塔 91n./v.quake震动，颤抖 92n.qualification资格，学历 93n.quality质量，性质 94n.quantity量，数 95vi.quarrel争吵，吵架 96n.quarter四分之一，一刻钟 97n.queen行列，长队 98ad.a.quick快；急剧的/快地；敏捷地 99a.quiet安静的；寂静的 100n.quilt被子；被状物 101v.quit离任，离校，戒掉 102ad.quite完全，十分 103n.quiz测验，小型考试 104n.rabbit兔，家兔 105n.vrace种族，民族/（速度）竞赛，比赛 106

552、a.racial种族的 107n.radiation放射，放射物 108n.radio无线电，收音机 109a.radioactive放射性的 110n.radium镭 111n.rag破布，抹布 112n.rail铁路 113n.railway铁路；铁道 114n.vi.rain雨，雨水/下雨 115n.rainbow彩虹 116n.raincoat雨衣 117n.rainfall一场雨；降雨量 118a.rainy下雨的；多雨的 119vt.raise使升高；饲养 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 88 页（共 331 页）

553、随意,未经事先考虑的 中文 变化，变动，排序 职衔，军衔 快的，迅速的 罕见的，稀有的 老鼠 率，评估，评价 相当，宁可 生的,未煮过的,未加工的 原料 光辉，光线 剃须刀 到达，伸手(脚)够到 回应，过敏，起物理，化学反应 读；朗读 阅读；朗读 准备好的 真实的，确实的 现实 认识到,实现 真正地；到底；确实 原因 合乎情理的 重建 收据 收到，得到 电话听筒 近来的，最近的 接待 接待员 烹饪法，食谱 120序号 12112212312412512612712812913013113213313413513613713813914014114214314414514614714814915

554、0a.词性 n./v.n.a.a.n.n./v.ad.a.n.n.n.v.v.v.n.a.a.n.vt.ad.vi.a.vt.n.v.n.a.n.n.n.random英文 range rank rapid rare rat rate rather rawraw materialray razor reachreactreadreadingreadyrealrealityrealisereallyreasonreasonablerebuildreceiptreceivereceiverrecentreceptionreceptionistrecipe备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7

555、月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 89 页（共 331 页）词汇表（十一）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1v.recite背诵 2vt.recognise认出 3v.recommend推荐 4n.record记录；唱片 5n.record holder记录保持者 6v.record录制，记录 7n.recorder录音机 8vi.recover痊愈；恢复 9n.recreation娱乐，消遣 10vt.recycle回收；再循环 11n/a.rectangle长方形,长方形的 12n.a.red红色/红色的 13vt.redirect使改变，使转移 14vt.redu

556、ce减少，缩减 15vi.refer谈到,提到,涉及,有关 16n.referee裁判，仲裁，调解员 17n.reference提到,涉及,谈及,查询 18v.reflect反映，反射 19v./n.reform改革，改进，改良 20v.refresh使恢复精力，提醒 21n.refreshments点心，便餐；(会议后的)简单茶点招待 22n.refrigerator冰箱 23n.refusal拒绝 24vi.refuse拒绝，不愿 25v.regard把看作 26n.regards问候，致意 27a.regardless不顾，不加理会 28n.v.register登记簿，注册员/登记，注册

557、 29n./vt.regret可惜,遗憾;痛惜;哀悼 30a.regular规则的，经常 31n.regulation规则，规章 32v.reject拒绝 33vi.relate有关；涉及 34n.relation关系；亲属 35n.relationship关系 36n.relative亲属，亲戚 37v.relax（使）放松，轻松 接力，接替人，中转/接替，补充；转 38n.vrelay运 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 90 页（共 331 页）39a.relevant紧密相关,有意义的 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40

558、a.reliable可信赖的，可依靠的 41n.relief轻松,解脱,缓和,救济 42n.religion宗教 43a.religious宗教的 44v.rely依赖，依靠 45v.remain余下,留下/保持,仍是 46n.remark陈述；话；议论 47v.remember记得，想起 48vt.remind提醒，使记起 49a.remote偏远的，偏僻的 50vt.remove移动，拿走，脱掉（衣服等）51n./v.rent租金 52n./vt.repair修理；修补 53n.repairs修理工作 54vt.repeat重说，重做 55vt.replace取代 56n.reply回答，

559、答复 57n./v.report报道，报告 58n.reporter记者，新闻通讯员 59vt.represent代表 60n.representative代表,典型人物 61n.republic共和国 62n.reputation名声，名誉 63n.request请求，要求的事物 64vt.require需求；要求 65n.requirement需要；要求；必要的条件 66vt.rescue营救，援救 67n.research研究，调查 68v.resemble（不用进行时）像，看起来像 69n.reservation预定 70n./v.reserve储备；预定 71v.resign辞职 7

560、2v.resist抵抗；挡开 73vt./n.respect尊敬，尊重 74v.respond回答,回应,作出反应 75n.responsibility责任，负责 76vt./n.rest休息；其余的人（物）/休息 77n.restaurant饭馆,饭店 78v.restrict限制 79n.restriction限制，约束 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 91 页（共 331 页）80n.result结果，效果 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81vt.retell重讲，重复，复述 82v.retire退休 83v.retur

561、n归还 84vt.reuse重新使用；循环使用 85vt.nreview重新调查；回顾；复习/复习；评论 86n.reviewer评论者；书评家 87n.revision复习，温习 88n.revolution革命，变革 89n.reward奖赏 90v.rewind回转（磁带等）91vt.rewrite重写 92n./v.rhyme押韵 93n.rice稻米；米饭 94a.rich富裕的，有钱的 95vt.rid使摆脱 96n.riddle谜(语)97a.ridiculous荒谬的，愚蠢的 98v.nride骑（马、自行车）；乘车/乘车旅行 权利/正确的(地)/恰恰,完全地/右,右 99n.

562、a.ad.right边的 100a.right-handed惯用右手的 101n.right-wing右翼 电话，铃声/环形物（如环、圈、戒指 102v.n.ring等）103n.ring-road环形公路 104a.rigid死板的,僵硬的,固执的 105a.ripe成熟的，熟的 106v.ripen成熟 107vi.rise上升，上涨 108n./v.risk危险，风险，冒险 109n.river江；河；水道；巨流 110n.road路，道路 111v.roast烤（肉）112v.rob抢夺，抢劫 113n.robot机器人 114n.vt.rock岩石,大石头/摇,摇晃 115n.roc

563、ket火箭 116n.role角色 117v.n.roll滚动,打滚/面包圈，卷状物 118n.roller滚筒；辊 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 92 页（共 331 页）滑旱冰 屋顶，顶部 中文 房间,室;空间;地方(美)公鸡 根，根源，起源 绳，索 玫瑰花 烂；腐败 粗糙的，粗略的 转过来/环绕一周，围着/圆的；球形的 绕道的，不直接的；转盘路 常规,正常顺序,无聊（一）排,（一）行/划船 皇家的，王室的，国王的，女王的 橡胶；合成橡胶 垃圾；废物 无理的,粗鲁的（英）橄榄球（使）毁坏(灭)/(复)废墟；遗迹 规则,规

564、定/统治,支配 统治者；直尺 跑，奔跑；（颜色）褪色 赛跑者；操作者；滑行装置 跑步 冲，奔跑 害怕，恐惧，担心 牺牲（使人）悲伤的 悲哀，忧伤 安全的/保险柜 安全，保险 航行/开航 119120序号 121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150n.n.词性 n.n.n.n.n.vi.a.ad.prep.a.a./n.n.n.v.a.n.n.a.n.vt.n.n.vt.n.vi.n.n.vi.a.vt.a.n.a.n.n.n.v.roller skating

565、roof英文 room roosterroot rope rose rot rough roundroundabout routine rowroyal rubberrubbish rude rugby ruin rule ruler run runnerrunning rush sacredsacrificesad sadnesssafe safetysail备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 93 页（共 331 页）词汇表（十二）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.sailing航海 2n.sailor水手，海员 3n

566、.salad色拉（西餐中的一种菜）4n.salary薪金，薪水 5n.sale卖，出售 6n.salesgirl女售货员 7n.salesman男售货员 8n.saleswoman女售货员 9n.salt盐 10a.salty盐的，咸的，含盐的 11v./n.salute敬礼 12n.asame同样的事/同样的,同一 13n.sand沙，沙子 14n.sandwich三明治（夹心面包片）15n.satellite卫星 16n.satisfaction满意 17vt.satisfy满足，使满意 18n.Saturday星期六 19n.sauce酱汁；调味汁 20n.saucer茶碟，茶托，小圆盘

567、 21n.savage野蛮人，未开化的人 22n.sausage香肠，腊肠 23vt.save救，挽救，节省 24vt.say说，讲 25n.saying说，俗话，谚语 26v.scan略读，浏览，扫描 27n.scar伤疤，伤痕 28v.scare使害怕，使恐惧 29n.scarf（戏剧、电影等的）一场，场景，布景 30n.scene（戏剧、电影等的）一场，场景，布景 31n.scenery风景，景色，风光 32a.sceptical怀疑的 33n.vschedule工作计划，日程安排/安排时间，预定 34n.school学校 35n.scholar学者 36n.scholarship奖学金

568、 37n.schoolbag书包 38n.school-leaver(英)学校毕业生 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 94 页（共 331 页）39n.schoolmate同校同学 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40n.science科学，自然科学 41a.scientific科学的 42n.scientist科学家 43n.scissors剪刀，剪子 44vt.scold责骂 45n./v.score得分，分数 46n.scores许多，很多 47n.Scotland苏格兰 48a.n.Scottish苏格兰（人）的/苏格兰

569、人 49v./n.scratch划破，划痕，划伤 50n.scream尖叫 51n.screen幕，荧光屏 52n.sculpture雕塑（术），雕刻（术）雕像 53n.sea海，海洋 54n.seagull海鸥 55n.seal海豹 56n.seaman水手；海员 57n./v.search搜寻，搜查 58n.seashell海贝 59n.seaside海滨 60n.season季；季节 61n.seat座位，座 62n.seaweed海草,海藻,海带 63n.a.second秒/第二的 64n.secondhand二手货;旧货 65n.secret秘密，内情 66n.secretary秘书

570、；书记 67n.section段，部分，部门 68a.secure安心的,有把握的,牢靠的 69n.security安全，平安 70vt.see看见，看到；领会；拜会 71n.seed种子 72n.melon seed瓜子 73vt.seek试图;探寻 74v.seem好像 75n.see-saw跷跷板（游戏）76vt.seize抓住(时机等)77ad.seldom很少，不常 78vt.select选择，挑选，选拔 79n.self自己，自我，自身 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 95 页（共 331 页）80a.selfis

571、h自私的 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81n.self-service自助,自我服务的 82v.sell卖，售 83n.semicircle半圆 84v.send打发，派遣；送，邮寄 85a.n.senior年长的,资深的,高年级的/上级，长辈 86n.sense感觉，意识 87a.sensitive体贴的,善解人意的 88n.sentence句子 89v.a.separate使分开，使分离/单独的，分开的 90ad.separately单独地，各自地 91n.separation分离，隔离 92n.September9 月 93a.serious严肃的,严重的,认真的 94n.servan

572、t仆人，佣人 95vt.serve招待（顾客等）,服务 96n.service服务 97n.service-charge服务费,小费 98n.session一场,一节,一段时间 99vt.n.set释放，安置/装备，设备 100vi.settle安家，定居 101n.settlement新拓居地；（美）部落，村落 102n.settler移居者，开拓者 103num.seven七 104num.seventeen十七 105num.seventh第七 106num.seventy七十 107pron.a.several几个,数个/若干 108a.severe极为恶劣,十分严重的 109vise

573、w缝,缝制；缝补；缝纫 110n.sex性，性别 111a.shabby破旧,破烂,衣衫褴褛的 112n.shade阴凉处，树荫处 113n.shadow影子,阴影 114v.shake（使）动摇，震动 115a.shallow浅的,不深的,肤浅的 116n.shame遗憾的事；羞愧 117n.v.shape形状，外形/使成型，制造，塑造 118vt.share分享，共同使用 119n.shark鲨鱼 120a.sharp锋利的，尖的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 96 页（共 331 页）削尖用的器具 中文 转笔刀 刮（脸

574、，胡子）电动剃须刀(绵）羊；羊皮；驯服者 成幅的薄片，薄板 架子；搁板；格层；礁；陆架 掩蔽；隐蔽处 光彩；阳光；晴天；光(亮)发光；照耀；杰出；擦亮 船，轮船/用船装运 男衬衫 使震惊 鞋 射击，发射/嫩枝；苗；芽 射击 买东西/商店,车间 售货员 店主，零售商人 买东西 滨，岸 短的；矮的 缺点，短处 不久 短裤 短波 射击，开枪，射击声；子弹 肩膀,(道路的)路肩 喊，高声呼喊 展示,展览（会）;演出 121序号 122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150n

575、.词性 n.v.n.n.n.n.n.n.v.n.vi.n.vt.n.n.vi.n.n.vi.n.n.n.n.a.n.ad.n.n.n.n.n.v.n.sharpen英文 pencil-sharpenershave shaversheepsheetshelf sheltershine shineship shirt shock shoe shoot shooting shopshop assistant shopkeepershopping shoreshort shortcomingshortly shortsshort waveshot shouldershoutshow备注 中山纪念中学内

576、部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 97 页（共 331 页）词汇表（十三）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.shower阵雨；淋浴 2v.shrink缩小，收缩，减少 3v./n.shut关上，封闭；禁闭；合拢（往返与两个定点之间的）/班车 4n.shuttle/机 5a.shy害羞的 6a.sick有病,患病的,（想）呕吐 7n.sickness疾病 8n.side边，旁边，面，侧面 9n.sideroad人行道 10n.sideway岔路，旁路 11ad.sideways斜向一边的 12vi.sigh叹息；叹气 13n.sight情景，

577、风景；视力 14n.sightseeing游览，观光 15n.sign符号，标记 16n.signal信号，暗号 17n.signature签名 18n.significance重要性，意义 19n.silence安静，沉默 20a.silent无声的，无对话的 21n.silk（蚕）丝，丝织品 22a.silly傻的，愚蠢的 23n.silver银 24a.similar相似的，像 25a.simple简单的，简易的 26a.simple-minded纯朴,头脑简单 27v.simplify使简化，使简易 28ad.simply简单地,(加强语气)的确 29ad.conj.prep.sinc

578、e从以来，以后，由于/从以来 30ad.sincerely真诚地 31v.sing唱，唱歌 32n.singer歌唱家，歌手 33a.single单一的，单个的 34n.sink洗涤槽；污水槽 35vi.sink下沉；消沉 36n.sir先生；阁下 37n.sister姐；妹 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 98 页（共 331 页）38n.sister-in-law嫂，弟媳 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 39vi.sit坐 40n.situation形势，情况 41num.six六 42num.sixth第六 43num.s

579、ixty十六 44num.sixteenth第十六 45n.size尺寸，大小 46vi.skate溜冰，滑冰 47n.skateboard冰鞋，滑板 48n.&vi.ski滑雪板；滑雪 49n.skill技能，技巧 50a.skilled熟练的；有技能的 51a.skillful熟练,精湛的,灵巧的 52ad.skillfully精湛地,巧妙地 53n.skin皮，皮肤；兽皮 54v.skip蹦蹦跳跳；跳绳 55v.skipping rope（跳绳用）绳 56n.skirt女裙 57n.sky天；天空 58n.skyscraper摩天楼 59n.slave奴隶 60n.slavery奴隶制度

580、 61n.sleep睡觉 62a.sleepy想睡的,困倦的,瞌睡的 63n.sleeve袖子，袖套 64n.slice片，切面（薄）片 65n.v.slide幻灯片,滑道/滑行,滑动 66a.slight轻微的，细小的 67a.slim苗条的，纤细的 68n.slip片，条，纸片，纸条 69ad.slow慢慢地，缓慢地 70a.small小的，少的 71a.smart灵巧的，伶俐的/时髦的，帅的 72v.nsmell嗅，闻到；发气味/气味 73a.smelly有臭味的,发出臭味的 74n.&v.smile微笑 75n.smog烟雾 76n.&v.smoke烟/冒烟；吸烟 77a.smoke-

581、free非吸烟的,无烟的 78n.smoker吸烟者 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 99 页（共 331 页）79n.smoking吸烟,抽烟;冒烟 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 80a.smooth光滑的;平坦的 81n.snack小吃 82n.snackbar快餐店 83n.&v.snake蛇/蛇般爬行;蜿蜒行进 84v.snatch夺，夺得，夺走 85n.sneaker（复）轻便运动鞋（美）86v.sneeze打喷嚏 87v.sniff抽鼻子（哭,患感冒时）88n.&v.snow雪/下雪 89n.snowball雪球

582、90n.snowman雪人 91a.snowy雪(白)的；下雪的；多(积)雪的 92ad.conj.so如此，非常；同样/因此，所以 93n.soap肥皂 94n.&v.sob抽泣，啜泣 95n.soccer英式足球 96a.social社会的；社交的 97n.socialism社会主义 98a.socialist社会主义的 99n.society社会 100n.sock短袜 101n.socket（电源）插座 102n.sofa（长）沙发 103a.soft软的，柔和的 104n.software软件 105n.soft drink(不含酒精)清凉饮料 106n.softball垒球 107

583、n.soil土壤，土地 108a.solar太阳的 109n.soldier士兵，战士 110a.n.solid结实的,固体的/固体 111a.pron.some一些，有些；某一/若干，一些 112pron.somebody某人；有人；有名气的人 113pron.someone某一个人 114pron.something某事；某物 115ad.sometimes有时 116ad.somewhere在某处 117n.son儿子 118n.song歌唱；歌曲 119ad.soon不久,很快,一会儿 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第

584、100 页（共 331 页）悲伤，悲痛 中文 把分类，拣选/种类，类别 一般；不怎么样；凑合 灵魂；心灵；气魄 听起来,发出声音/声音 汤 酸的，馊的 南(方)的；向南的；/在南方；向南方/南方；南风 东南 南部的，南方的 西南 旅游纪念品,纪念物 播种 空间 宇宙飞船 铲子;纸牌中的黑桃 西班牙 西班牙人的，西班牙的/西班牙语 空闲,多余的，剩余的 麻雀，雀型鸟类 说 演讲人，演说家 矛，枪，梭镖 特别的，专门的（医学）专家，专科医生；专业人员 明确的,具体的,独特的 演讲 速度/（使）加速 拼写 拼写，拼读 度过；花费（钱、时间等）120序号 12112212312412512612712

585、8129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150n.词性 vt.n.a.n.vi.n.n.a.a.ad.n.n.a.n.n.vt.n.n.n.n.a.n.a.n.v.n.n.a.n.a.n.n.v.vt.n.v.sorrow英 文 sort so-sosoul sound soup soursouthsoutheastsouthernsouthwest souvenirssow space spaceshipspade Spain Spanish spare sparrow speak speakerspea

586、r specialspecialistspecificspeechspeedspellspellingspend备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 101 页（共 331 页）词汇表（十四）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1v.&nspin纺，（使）快速旋转；旋转，旋转运动 2n.spirit精神 3a.spiritual精神的；心灵的 4v.spit吐唾沫；吐痰 5a.splendid灿烂的，辉煌的；（口语）极好的 6v.split撕开;切开 7a.spoken口语的 8n.spokenman发言人 9n.sponsor赞助

587、者，赞助商 10n.spoon匙,调羹 11n.spoonful一匙（的量）12n.sport体育运动，锻炼；(复，英)运动会 13n.v.spot斑点；地点/沾上污渍，弄脏 14n./v.spray水雾,喷雾(器)喷洒 15v.spread延伸；展开 16n.spring春天,春季/泉水,泉 17n.v.spy密探,间谍/侦探,刺探 广场,平方的；方形的，宽而结实的（体 18n.v.square格，肩膀）19n.squeeze挤压，捏，塞 20n.squid鱿鱼 21n.squirrel松鼠 22a.stable稳固的，牢固的 23n.stadium（露天）体育场 24n.staff全体职工

588、（雇员）25n.stage舞台；阶段 26n.stain污点，污渍，染色剂 27a.stainless无污点的 28n.stainless steel不锈钢 29n.stair楼梯 30n.stamp邮票 站；立；停止；立场；地位；台；坛；31n.stand摊 32v.stand站；立；起立；坐落；经受；持久 33n.&a.standard标准（的）34n.star星，恒星 35vi.stare盯，凝视 36v.start开始，着手；出发 37n.starvation饥饿；饿死 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 102 页（共

589、331 页）38v.starve饿死 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 39n.state状态；情形；国家，（美国的）州 40n.station站，所，车站；电台 41n.statement声明，陈诉，说法 42n.statesman政治家 43n.statistics统计数字，统计资料，统计学 44n.statue法令，法规，章程 45n.status法律地位（身份）46n.&vi.stay停留，逗留，呆 47a.steady稳固的；平稳的 48n.steak牛排，肉排，鱼排 49vt.steal偷,窃取 50n.steam汽，水蒸气 51n.steel钢，钢铁 52a.steep险峻的；陡峭的

590、 53n.vi.step脚步,台阶,梯级/走,跨步 54n.step-mother继母 55n.steward(火车、飞机、轮船等)男服(乘)务员 56n.stewardess女乘务员,空中小姐 57vi.nstick粘住，钉住；坚持、木棒（棍）,枝条 58a.ad.still不动的,平静的、仍然,还 59n.stocking长统袜 60n.stomach胃，胃部 61n.stomachache胃疼 62n.stone石头，石料 63vi.nstop停；（停车）站/停止，阻止 64n.stopwatch记秒表；跑表 65n.storage贮藏；储存 66vi.nstore商店/储藏，存储 67

591、n.storm风暴，暴（风）雨 68n.story故事，小说 69a.stout肥壮的，厚实牢固的 70n.stove（供烹饪用的）火炉，煤炉，电炉 71a.ad.straight一直的，直的/一直地，直地 72a./ad.straightforward简单的，坦率的 73n.strait海峡 74a.strange奇怪,奇特的,陌生的 75n.stranger陌生人，外人 76n.straw稻草 77n.strawberry草莓 78n.stream小河；溪流 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 103 页（共 331 页）79

592、n.street街，街道 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 80n.strength力量，力气 81vt.strengthen加强，增强 82v.nstress精神压力，心理负担/强调，重读 83a.strict严格的，严密的 84v.strike（钟）鸣;敲（响）,罢工 85vtstrike擦（打）火,侵袭 86n.string细绳，线，带 87a.strong强(壮)的；坚固的；强烈的；坚强的 88vi.struggle斗争 89a.stubborn固执的，倔强的 90n.student学生 91n.studio工作室，演播室 92v.n.study学习；研究/书房 93a.stupid愚蠢的

593、，笨的 94n.style方式，作风，款式（使)隶属的；受支配的；易受的；在95a.v.nsubject条件下/题目；学科；主语(体)96a.subjective主观的 97v.submit提交，呈递（文件，建议等）98v.subscribe订阅,订购（报刊等）99v.substitute代替，取代 100n.subtraction（算数中的）减 101vi.succeed成功 102n.success成功 103a.successful成功的,有成就的 104vt.suck吸吮 105a.sudden突然的 106vi.suffer受苦，遭受 107n.suffering痛苦，苦难 108n

594、.sugar糖 109vt.suggest建议，提议 110n.suggestion建议 111vt.n.suit适合、一套（衣服）112n.suite套间；组曲 113a.suitable合适的，适宜的 114n.suitcase(旅行用)小提箱,衣箱 115n.summary摘要，概要 116n.summer夏天，夏季 117n.sun太阳，阳光 118a.sunburnt晒黑的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 104 页（共 331 页）星期日 中文 太阳眼镜，墨镜 日光，阳光 晴朗的;阳光充足的 黎明，拂晓 日落(时分

595、)阳光 顶好的，超级的 卓越的,质量极高的 更胜一筹的、上级，上司 超人 超级市场 晚餐，晚饭 供给，供应 支持，赞助 猜想,假定,料想 至高无上的,最高的 确信，肯定、一定，当然 表面 外科医生 过剩，剩余 使惊奇,使诧异/惊奇,诧异 围绕；包围 周围的 存活，幸存 生存，存活，幸免于难 犯罪嫌疑人 暂令停职,推迟,延期 吞下；咽下 交换（东西）咒骂.,诅咒 汗，汗水 119序号 120121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150n.词性 n.n.a.n.n

596、.n.a.a.a.n.n.n.n.vt.&n.vt.&n.vt.a.a.ad.n.n.n.vt.&n.vt.a.n.v.n.n.vt.v.v.n.Sunday英文 sunglasses sunlight sunny sunrise sunset sunshine super superb superior supermansupermarketsuppersupply support suppose supremesuresurfacesurgeon surplus surprise surround surrounding survivalsurvivesuspectsuspension s

597、wallow swapswearsweat备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 105 页（共 331 页）词汇表（十五）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.sweater厚运动衫，毛衣 2v.sweep扫除，扫 3n.a.sweet甜食;甜点;芳香/甜的;新鲜的;可爱的 4v.swell肿胀 5a.swift快的，迅速的 6vi.swim游泳,游 7n.swimming游泳 8vt.n.swing挥舞，摆动/秋千 9n.a.Swiss瑞士人的/瑞士人 10n.Switzerland瑞士 11v./n.switch开关,转换,

598、改变 12n.sword剑，刀 13n.symbol象征 14n.sympathy同情 15n.symphony交响乐 16n.symptom症状 17n.system体系；系统 18a.systematic系统的,有条理的 19n.table桌子，表格 20n.table tennis乒乓球 21n.tablet药片 22n.tail(动物的)尾巴 23n.tailor裁缝 24v.take拿；拿走；做；服用；乘坐；花费 25n.tale故事,传说 26n.talent天才，天赋 27n.&v.talk谈话,讲话,演讲,交谈 28a.tall高的 29n.tank储水容量；坦克 30n.ta

599、nker油船 31n.tap(自来水煤气等的)龙头 32n.tape磁带；录音带 33n./v.target目标，把作为攻击目标 34n.task任务,工作 35n./v.taste品尝,尝味；味道/品尝,尝味 36a.tasteless无滋味的 37a.tasty味道好的 38n.tax税，税款 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 106 页（共 331 页）39a.tax-free免税的 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40n.taxi出租汽车 41n.taxipayer纳税人 42n.tea茶；茶叶 43v.teach教书,教

600、 44n.teacher教师，教员 45n.team队，组 46n.teamwork合作，协同工作 47n.teapot茶壶 48n.&v.tear眼泪/扯破,撕开 49v.tease取笑，戏弄，寻开心 50a.technical技术的，工艺的 51n.technique技术;技巧,方法 52n.technology技术 53nteenager青少年，十几岁的少年 54n.telegram电报 55v.telegraph(拍)电报 56n.&v.telephone打电话/电话 57n.telephone-booth公用电话间 58n.telephone-公用电话间 59n.telescope望

601、远镜 60n.television电视 61vt.tell告诉,讲述,吩咐 62n.temperature温度 63n.temple庙宇，寺院 64a.temporary短暂的，暂时的 65n.temptation引诱；诱惑 66v.tend往往会，常常就，倾向，趋于 67n.tendency倾向，偏好，性情 68n.tennis网球 69num.ten十 70a.tense心烦意乱的，紧张的 71n.tension紧张局势，矛盾 72n.tent帐篷 73a.tentative不确定的，踌躇的 74n.term学期;术语;条款;项 75a.terminal(火车汽车飞机)终点站 76a.te

602、rrible可怕的；糟糕的 77vt.terrify使人感到恐怖 78n.terror恐惧，惊恐 79vt.&n.test测试,考查，试验 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 107 页（共 331 页）80n.text文本，课文 序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81n.textbook课本，教科书 82conj.than比 83vt.&n.thank感谢，道谢/（复）感谢，谢意 84a.thankful感谢的，感激的 85n.theatre剧场，戏院 86n.theater剧场，戏院 87n.theft盗窃案 88pron.the

603、ir他(她,它)们的 89pron.theirs他（她,它）们的 90pron.them他/她/它们 91n.theme主题 92pron.themselves他/她/它们自己 93ad.then当时,那时,然后,那么 94a.theoretical理论的 95n.theory理论 96ad.therefore因此，所以 97n.thermos热水瓶 98a.&pron.这些 99pron.they他（她）们；它们 100a.thick厚的 101n.thief窃贼,小偷 102a.thin薄的；瘦的；稀的 103n.thing东西；(复)物品，用品；事情，事件 104v.think想；认为；

604、考虑 105n.thinking思索;见解;想法 106num.third第三 107n.thirst渴；口渴 108a.thirsty渴 109num.thirteen十三 110num.thirty三十 111a.&pron.this这，这个 112a.thorough彻底的 113a.&pron.那些 114conj.though虽然，可是 115n.thought思考,思想;念头 116num.thousand千 117n.thread线 118num.three三 119n./v.thrill兴奋，激动 120n.thriller惊险小说 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月

605、中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 108 页（共 331 页）喉咙 中文 穿（通）过;从始至终/自始至终,全部 遍及，贯穿 投,掷,扔 雷声，打雷 雷电交加暴风雨 星期四 这样；因而 西藏 西藏人；西藏语 作记号 票；卷 整洁的，干净的/弄整洁，弄干净 系，拴，扎/领带，绳子,关系 老虎 紧的 直到,直到为止 时间表；（学校）课表（英）罐头，听头 极小的，微小的 顶端，尖端；告诫；提示(给)小费 使疲劳 疲劳的，累的 令人厌倦的（人，动植物的）组织，纸巾 标题，题目 烤 烟草，烟叶 一起，共同 厕所 121序号 122123124125126127128129130131

606、132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150n.词性 ad.prep.prep.v.n.&v.n.n.ad.n.n.vt.n.a.vn.vn.a.conj.&prep.nn.a.n.&v.vi.a.a.n.n.v./n.n.ad.n.throat英文 throughthroughout throw thunderthunderstorm Thursday thusTibet Tibetan ticktickettidytie tigertighttilltimetabletin tiny tip tiretiredtires

607、ometissue title toast tobaccotogethertoilet备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 109 页（共 331 页）词汇表（十六）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.Tokyo东京 2v.tolerate容许，允许，忍受 3n.tomato西红柿，番茄 4n.tomb坟墓 5ad.&n.tomorrow明天 6n.tongue舌，舌头 7ad.&n.tonight今晚，今夜 8ad.too也,还,又,太,过分,很,非常 9n.tool工具，器具 10n.tooth牙齿 11n.toothac

608、he牙痛 12n.toothbrush牙刷 13n.toothpaste牙膏 14n.top顶部,（物体的）上面 15n.topic题目，话题 16n.tortoise乌龟 17a.n.vtotal总数的,全然的,总计,合计为 18ad.totally总合地，完全地 19vt.touch触摸，接触 20a.tough坚硬的；结实的；棘手的，难解的 21n.tour参观,观光,旅行 22n.tourism旅游业；观光 23n.tourist旅行者，观光者 24n.tournament锦标赛，联赛 25prep.toward(s)向，朝，对于 26n.towel毛巾 27n.tower塔 28n.

609、town城镇，城 29n.toy玩具,玩物 30n.track轨道；田径 31n.tractor拖拉机 32n.vt.trade贸易/用进行交换 33n.tradition传统，风俗 34a.traditional传统的，风俗的 35n.traffic交通，来往车辆 36n.vt.train火车/培训,训练 37n.trainer训练人；教练 38n.training培训 39n.tram有轨电车 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 110 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40v.transform使改变形态,使

610、改观 41vt.translate翻译 42n.translation翻译；译文 43a.transparent透明的，清澈的 44n.translator翻译家，译者 45n.vt.transport运输 46n.vt.trap陷阱/使陷入困境 47n.vi.travel旅行 48n.traveler旅行者 49n.treasure金银财宝,财富 50vt.treat对待，看待 51n.treatment治疗,疗法 52n.tree树 53v.tremble颤抖 54n.trend趋势，倾向，动态 55n.trial审判；试验；试用 56n.adj.triangle三角形;三角形的 57n.

611、trick诡计，把戏 58n.trip旅行，旅程 59n.trolley-bus无轨电车 60vi.troop成群结队地走 61n.troops部队 62n.vi.trouble使苦恼,使忧虑/问题,疾病,烦恼 63a.troublesome令人烦恼,讨厌 64n.trousers裤子，长裤 65n.vt.truck卡车,车皮/装车；用货车运 66a.TRUE真的，真实的；忠诚的 67ad.truly真正地，真实地 68n.trunk树干；大箱子 69vt.trust相信，信任，信赖 70n.truth真理,事实,真相,实际 71v.try试，试图，努力 72n.T-shirtT 恤衫 73n

612、.tube管，管状物 74n.tune曲调，曲子 75n.Tuesday星期二 76n.turkey火鸡 77n.vt.turn旋转，转变，转弯/轮流顺序 78n.turning拐弯处，拐角处 79n.tutor家庭教师，私人教师，导师 80num.twelfth第十二 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 111 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81num.twelve十二 82num.twentieth第二十 83num.twenty二十 84num.twenty-first第二十一 85num.twenty-

613、one二十一 86ad.twice两次；两倍 87n.twin双胞胎之一 88v./n.twist使弯曲，转动 89num.two二 90vt.type打字 91n.typewriter打字机 92a.typical典型的，有代表性的，特有的 93n.typhoon台风 94n.typist打字员 95n.tyre轮胎 96a.ugly丑陋的；难看的 97n.umbrella雨伞 98a.unable不能的，不能胜任的 99a.unbearable难耐得,无法接受的 100a.unbelievable难以置信的 101a.uncertain不确定的 102n.uncle叔,伯,舅,姑夫,姨父

614、103a.uncomfortable令人不舒服的 104a.unconditional无条件，绝对的 105a.unconscious昏迷,不省人事的 106ad.&prep.under在下面，向下面 107a.nunderground地下的/地铁 108v.underline在下划线 109v.understand懂得;明白;理解 110n.understanding领会;理解 111v.undertake承担，从事，负责 112n.underwear内衣 113a.undivided没分开的；专一的；专心的 114v.undo解开，松开 115n.unemployment失业,失业状态 1

615、16a.unfair不公平的，不公正的 117a.unfit不合宜的，不相宜的 118vt.unfold展开，打开 119a.unfortunate不幸的 120ad.unfortunately不幸地 121a.unhappy不高兴的,伤心的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 112 页（共 331 页）序号 122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150词性 a.n.a.n.a.n.v.a.n.n.a

616、.conj.prep.a.a.n.a.a.prep.&conj.a.a.a.prep.a.a.ad.ad.a.v.英文 unhealthyuniform unimportant union uniqueunit unite universaluniverseuniversityunknownunlessunlikeunmarried unpleasant unrest unsafe unsuccessfuluntiluntrue unusual unwilling upon upperupset upstairs upward(s)urbanurge中文 不健康的,不卫生的 制服 不重要的,无

617、意义 联合,联盟；工会 惟一的,独一无二的 单元，单位 联合，团结 普遍的，全体的 宇宙 大学 不知道的 如果不，除非 不像，和不同 未婚的，独身的 使人不愉快的 不安；骚动 不安全的；危险的 不成功,失败的 直到为止 不真实的，假的 不平常的，异常的 不愿意的，勉强的 在上面 较高的，较上的 心烦的，苦恼的 在楼上，到楼上 向上；往上 城市的，都市的 敦促，催促，力劝 备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 113 页（共 331 页）词汇表（十七）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1a.urgent紧急的，紧迫的 2use利用,

618、使用,应用 3a.used用过的;旧的;二手的 4a.useful有用的，有益的 5a.useless无用的 6n.user使用者；用户 7a.usual通常的，平常的 8ad.usually通常，经常 9n.vacation假期，休假 10a.vacant空缺的，未被占用的 11a.vague含糊的，紧迫的 12n.vain自负的，自视过高的，徒劳的，无效的 13a.valid有效的,合理的,有根据的 14n.valley山谷,溪谷 15a.valuable值钱的，贵重的 16n.value价值，益处 17n.vanilla香草 18n.variety种种，种类 19a.various各种各

619、样的，不同的 20n.vase（花）瓶；瓶饰 21a.vast巨大的，广阔的 22n.veal（食用）小牛肉 23n.vegetable蔬菜 24n.vehicle交通工具，车辆 25n.version变体，变种，改写本 26a.vertical垂直的，纵向的 27ad.very很，非常 28n.vest背心，内衣 29prep.via经过（某地），通过 30n.vice罪行，不道德行为 31n.victim受害者，牺牲品 32n.victory胜利 33n.video录像，视频 34n.videophone可视电话 35n.view看法,见解;风景,景色 36n.viewer观看者 37n.

620、village村庄，乡村 38n.villager村民 39n.vinegar醋 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 114 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40v.violate违反（法律、协议等），侵犯 41n.violence暴力行为 42a.violent暴力的 43n.violin小提琴 44n.violinist提琴家，提琴手 45n.virtue美德,正直的品行,德行 46n.virus病毒 47n.visa签证，背签 48n.vt.visit参观，访问，拜访 49n.visitor访问者，参观者

621、50a.visual视力的，视觉的 51a.vital必不可少的，对极重要的 52a.vivid生动，逼真的，鲜明的 53n.voice说话声;语态 54n.volcano火山 55n.volleyball排球 56a.voluntary自愿的，主动的 57n.v.volunteer义工，自愿者，无偿做 58vi.vote选举，投票 59n.voyage航行，旅行 60v.wag摇动；摆动 61n.wage工资，工钱，报酬 62n.waist腰，腰部，腰围 63vi.wait等，等候 64n.waiter（餐厅）男服务员 65n.waiting-room候诊室,候车室 66n.waitress

622、女服务员 67v.wake醒来,叫醒 68n.v.walk步行；散步 69n.walkman随身听 70n.wall墙 71n.wallet(放钱,证件等的)皮夹 72n.walnut核桃，胡桃 73vi.wander漫游,游荡,漫步,流浪 74vt.want想,想要,需要,必要 75n.war战争 76n.ward保卫,看护,病房,收容所 77n.warehouse仓库，货栈 78a.warm暖和的,温暖的;热情的 79a.warm-hearted热心的 80n.warmth暖和，温暖 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 115

623、 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 81n.vtwar警告，预先通知 82n.warning警报 83n.vtwash洗(涤)冲洗,泼溅/冲洗,流过,弄湿 84n.washing-machine洗衣机 85n.washroom盥洗室 86n.vt.waste浪费 87n.vt.watch观看，注视；当心，注意/手表，表 88n.vt.water水/浇水 89n.watermelon西瓜（热、光、声等的）波，波浪/挥手，90n.vt.wave波动 91n.wax蜡 92n.way路，路线；方式，手段 93a.wayside路边的 94n.web网，网状物 95n.website网

624、络 96a.weak差的，弱的，淡的 97n.weakness软弱 98n.wealth财产，财富 99a.wealthy富的 100v.wear穿，戴 101n.weather天气 102n.weatherman气象员,预报天气的人 103n.wedding婚礼,结婚 104n.Wednesday星期三 105n.weed杂草，野草 106n.week星期，周 107n.weekday平日 108n.weekend周末 109a.weekly每周的 110v.weep哭泣，流泪 111vt.weigh称的重量，重（若干）112n.weight重，重量 113int.n.&vwelcome欢迎

625、/受欢迎的 114n.welfare幸福，福利 115a.well-known出名,众所周知的 116a.ad.n.west(在)西；向西,从西来的/在西方,向西方 117a.western西方的，西部的 118n.westerner西方人 119ad.westwards向西 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 116 页（共 331 页）湿的,潮的,多雨的 中文 鲸 什么,怎么样/多么，何等；什么 无论什么，不管什么 小麦 轮，机轮 当的时候/什么时候，何时 每当，无论何时 在哪里；往哪里 无论在哪里 是否 无论哪个;无论哪些

626、在的时候,和同时/一会儿，一段时 间 低语，私下说 口哨，口哨声 白色的/白色 整个的 谁的 宽阔的 分布广的,普遍的 妻子 未开发的，荒凉的；野生的，野的 野生动物 意志,遗嘱 将,会(表示将来)；愿意，要 乐意的；愿意的 乐意地 意愿；愿望 获胜，赢得 风 缠，连带；蜿蜒，弯曲 120序号 121122123124125126127128129130131132133134135136137138139140141142143144145146147148149150a.词性 n.pron.a.conj.&pron.n.n.conj.adconj.ad.conj.conj.pron.con

627、j.n.v.n.a.na.pron.a.a.n.a.n.n.modal v.a.ad.n.n.n.vt.wet英文 whale whatwhateverwheatwheelwhenwheneverwherewhereverwhetherwhicheverwhilewhisper whistle white whole whose wide widespreadwifewild wildlife will will willingwillingly willingnesswinwindwind备注 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第

628、 117 页（共 331 页）词汇表（十八）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 1n.windbreaker风衣,防风(皮)夹克 2n.window窗户；计算机的窗 3a.windy有风的，多风的 4n.wine酒 5n.wing机翼，翅膀 6n.winner获胜者 7n.winter冬天，冬季 8v.wipe擦；擦净；擦干 9n.wire电线 10n.wisdom智慧 11a.wise聪明,英明的,有见识的 12vt.n.wish愿望，祝愿/希望，祝愿 13prep.with关于,带有,以,和,用,有 14v.withdraw撤回，撤离 15prep.within在里面 16prep.withou

629、t没有 17v./n.witness目击者，见证人 18n.wolf狼 19n.woman妇女女人 20v./n.wonder对疑惑，想知道/惊讶,奇迹 21a.wonderful美妙的，精彩的；了不起的 22n.wood木头,木材,(复)树木,森林 23a.wooden木制的 24n.wool羊毛，羊绒 25a.woollen羊毛的，羊毛制的 26n.word词，单词；话 27n.vwork工作,劳动,事情/运转,活动 28n.workday工作日 29n.worker工人；工作者 30n.workforce劳动力 31n.workmate同事；工友 32n.workplace工作场所，车间

630、 33n.works著作，作品 34n.world世界 35a.world-famous世界闻名的 36a.worldwide遍及全球的，世界范围的 37n.worm软体虫,蠕虫(尤指蚯蚓)38a.worn用坏,用旧的,疲惫的 39a.worried担心的，烦恼的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 118 页（共 331 页）序号 词性 英文 中文 备注 40n.&v.worry烦恼,担忧,发怒,困扰 41a.worse更坏的 42a.worst最坏的 43a.worth有的价值,值得的 44a.worthless没有价值,没有

631、用的 45a.worthwhile值得做的 46a.worthy值得的 47vt.nwound伤,伤害/创伤,伤口 48a.wounded受伤的 49v.wrestle摔跤 50n.wrinkle皱纹 51n.wrist手腕，腕关节 52v.write书写；写作，著述 53n.writing书写，写 54a.wrong错误,不正常,有毛病的 55n.X-rayX 射线；X 光 56n.yard码；院子；场地 57v.yawn打哈欠 58n.year年 59v.yell叫喊，吼叫 60adj.yellow黄色的 61ad.yes是，好，同意 62n.&ad.yesterday昨天 63ad.ye

632、t尚，还，仍然 64n.yoghurt酸奶 65pron.you你；你们 66pron.your你的；你们的 67yoursyours你的；你们的 68pron.yourself你自己 69pron.yourselves你们自己 70n.youth青春；青年 71a.yummy很好吃的 72n.zebra斑马 73n.zebra-crossing人行横道线（斑马线）74n.&num.zero零,零度,零点 75v.&n.zip拉开(或扣上)的拉链；拉链 76n.zip code邮政区号 77n.zipper拉链 78n.zone区域；范围 79n.zoo动物园 80v.zoom快速移动，迅速前

633、往，猛涨 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 119 页（共 331 页）备考手册三 40 篇短文背诵高考 3500 个单词 1.Fall in Love with English爱上英语 Hiding behind the loose dusty curtain,a teenager packed up his overcoat into the suitcase.He planned toleave home at dusk though there was thunder and lightning outdoors.He

634、had got to do this because he wastired of his parents nagging about his English study and did not want to go through it any longer.He couldntget along well with English and disliked joining in English classes because he thought his teacher ignored himon purpose.As a result,his score in each exam nev

635、er added up to over 60.His partner was concerned about him very much.She understood exactly what he was suffering from,but entirely disagreed with his idea.In order to calm him down and settle his problem,she talked with him face toface and swapped a series of learning tips with him.The items she se

636、t down helped him find the highway tostudying English well.The teenager was grateful and got great power from his friends words.Now,he has recovered from beingupset and has fallen in love with English.有个少年躲在积满灰尘的松散窗帘后把大衣装入手提箱。尽管外面正打雷闪电，他仍计划在黄昏时 分离家出走。他不得不这样做是因为厌倦了父母对他英语学习的唠叨，不想再忍受下去了。他的英语学习 总是无法取得进展

637、，而且不喜欢参加英语课的学习，因为他以为老师有意忽视他。结果，他每次考试的分 数合计从未超过 60。他的搭档很关心他，也确切地理解他遭受的折磨，但却完全不同意他的想法。为了使他冷静下来好好 解决问题，她和他面对面地交谈，并交换了一系列的学习心得技巧。她写下来的语的最佳捷径。条款帮助他找到了学好英 这个少年非常很感激，并从朋友的话里获得极大的动力。现在，他已经从沮丧中恢复过来，真正爱上 了英语。2.Different Countries Have Different Kinds of Englishes不同的国家有不同的英语 Voyages of people from England play

638、 an important part in spreading the English language.At present,English is frequently spoken as an official or common language in many countries,such as America,Singapore,Malaysia and some African countries.All based on British English,the English spoken in these countries can bewell understood by n

639、ative English speakers.But actually,these Englishes have been gradually changing inaccents,spellings,expressions and the usage of vocabulary.Because of this fact,you can make use of the differences to tell which country the foreigners of your blockare from.For example,if a boss fluently commands his

640、 driver,“Come up straight to my apartment by elevatorand take some gas for my trucks and cabs”,instead of requesting,“Please come to my flat by lift and take somepetrol for my lorries and taxis”,you can recognize his American identity,while the latter suggests that he isBritish.英国人的航海在英语的传播中扮演了重要的角色

641、。目前，英语在许多国家被作为官方语言或通用语言 频繁地使用，例如美国、新加波、马来西亚和一些非洲的国家。这些国家的英语都以英式英语为基础，能 很好地为以英语为本族语的人所理解。但是实际上，这些英语在口音、拼写、表达和词汇的使用方面都在 逐渐变化。因为这一情况的存在，你就可以利用这些英语之间的区别说出你们街区的外国人是哪个国家来的了。例如，如果有个老板流利地命令他的司机：“Come up straight to my apartment by elevator and take some gas for my trucks and cabs（直接搭电梯到我公寓上来拿卡车和出租车的汽油）”，而不是

642、要求说，“Please come to my flat by lift and take some petrol for my lorries and taxis（请直接搭电梯到我公寓上来拿卡车和出租车的汽 油）”，你就可以轻易地辨认出他的美国人身份，而后者却暗示着那是一位英国人。（请注意：听力录音 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 120 页（共 331 页）里第二段两个“电梯”的单词跟原文不一致，原文是对的，录音弄错了，elevator 才是美式说法而 lift 是英式 说法。)3.A Hard Trip一次辛苦的旅行 My

643、 sister was fond of traveling.Ever since graduating,she had been determined to organize a trip to anold temple.Since transporting fare was expensive,she decided to use a bicycle to cycle there not caring aboutthe disadvantages.Her stubborn attitude was always her shortcoming.Once she made up her min

644、d to dosomething,no one could persuade her to change her mind.Finally,we gave in as usual though we preferred totake a train.After we prepared everything,including the schedule,reliable weather forecast and the insurance,we began our trip.Our journey was along a river flowing from a high altitude.Ou

645、r pace was slow because the river frequentlyhad many sharp bends through deep valleys,where the water seemed to boil.Just as I recorded in my journal,itwas really a hard journey.But we also enjoyed great views.One night,I put my head on my pillow-a parcel ofwool coats,and lay beneath the stars.When

646、the flame in front of our cave went out at midnight,I found the skyso beautiful!我的妹妹很喜欢旅行。自从毕业以来，她就下定决心要组织一次往一座古庙的旅行。因为交 通 费用昂贵，她决定骑自行车去，毫不担心其中的不利情况。顽固的态度一直都是她的缺点，一旦她下定决心要 做的事，就没有人能说服她改变主意。最后，我们像往常一样让步，尽管我们更喜欢乘火车去。我们准备 好了所有东西，包括时间表、可靠的天气预报，还有保险，就开始了旅程。我们的旅程沿着一条从高海拔处流下来的河流前行。但我们的步伐很慢，因为当流经深深的峡谷时，这条河流

647、急转弯很多，急湍的河水都似乎沸腾起来。正如我在旅行日志里记录的那样，这真是一次艰苦的 旅行。但是我们也欣赏到了美丽的景色。一天晚上，我把头枕在一包羊毛衣服做的枕头上，躺在星空下，当岩洞前的火焰在午夜熄灭时，我发现夜空是如此的美丽！4.A Horrible Earthquake可怕的地震 Dirty water rose in wells and canals before the earthquake.But no one judged that an earthquake wascoming.Suddenly,everything shook.It seemed as if the worl

648、d was at an end.Millions of brick houses and anumber of dams were destroyed.Railway tracks became useless bars.Pipes in mines burst and let out smellysteam.Huge cracks trapped cyclists everywhere.The next day,this event was the headline or main title of all newspapers.With the reporters giving an ou

649、tline of the disaster,the whole nation was shocked by the damage and the victims extreme suffering.People were moved when they read that the survivors comforted each other by saying“Congratulations!Yousurvived!”.So they not only expressed their sympathy sincerely,but also organized together to help

650、the victimsright away.The injured were rescued and the dead were buried.The frightened survivors were dug out fromunder the ruins and were offered shelter,fresh water and electricity.Thanks to peoples help,the loss wasminimized.地震前，水井和运河里的污水都涨涌起来。但是却没人判断出地震即将来临。霎那间，一切都在摇晃，似乎 整个世界就要结束。数以百万的砖房和许多水坝遭到破

651、坏；铁路轨道都变成无用的铁条；煤矿管道纷 纷爆裂，发出有臭味的蒸汽；到处都有骑车的人被巨大的裂缝陷住。第二天，所有报纸都纷纷以大字标题或主要标题报道了这一事件。记者们描述了灾难的大概情况，全 国都被地震的破坏和灾民们极度的苦难所震惊。当人们读到幸存者以“恭喜啊，你还活着。”来互相安慰时，都被感动了。人们不仅衷心地表达了他们的同情，而且还立刻组织起来帮助灾民。伤员被救助了，死者被 埋葬 了，吓坏的幸存者被从废墟中挖出来了，栖身处、净水和电力也很快得到提供。多亏了人们的帮助，灾区的损失被减到了最小。5.The Great President伟大的总统 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中

652、山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 121 页（共 331 页）As the founder of the republic,the president had many good qualities.Before coming to power,he was a generous lawyer.He was willing to selflessly help everyone who turned to him.He accepted no fee to offerlegal guidance and opinions to those who were out of w

653、ork or uneducated.Later,believing all mankind to be equal,he devoted himself to stopping the unfair anti-black laws.He set up the Black Youth League and wasvoted to be the leader.However,though he kept peaceful principles without violence and terror,his meanenemies still blew up his house and attack

654、ed his relatives,and he himself couldnt escape being sentenced to 30years in prison.Not fearing of the prison guards cruelty,he kept active and begged no mercy from them.As a matter offact,he was always hopeful and never lost heart during the stage even though he was in trouble.Finally,people reward

655、ed him with the leaders position and a gold blanket.作为共和国的创始人，这位总统具备许多的优秀品质。还在掌权之前，他就是一位慷慨的律师。他 愿 意无私地帮助那些向他求助的人。他免费为失业的，或没有受过教育的人提供法律指导和意见。后来，因 为相信所有人类都是生来平等，他全身心投入到废除不平等的反黑人法律工作中。他建立了黑人青年团并 被选为领袖。然而，尽管他坚持没有暴力、没有恐怖的和平原则，卑鄙的敌人还是炸毁了他的家、袭击了 他的亲属，他自己也无法逃脱被判 30 年徒刑的遭遇。在狱中，他毫不畏惧狱警的残酷，始终保持积极的态度，不向他们乞求怜悯。实

656、际上，他在任何一个 困境时期都充满着希望，从未灰心。最后，人们以领袖的职位和一块金毯子回报了他的贡献。6.A Brave Maid勇敢的女仆 A wooden vase from the Ming Dynasty at the entrance of the reception hall amazed everyone.The artistsdesigned it in a rare style and selected valuable jewels to decorate it.People thought highly of its fancy colourof honey and th

657、e beautiful paintings on it.The vase used to belong to a former castle.But when the country was at war,the enemy troops explodedthe castle.Debates on how the vase survived went on and on.In order to remove peoples doubt,a team of no less than 20 people carried out an informal investigation.The evide

658、nces they found showed that a maid took thevase apart and asked a sailor to sink it in a local well.She never gave away the secret even under the cruel trialof the enemies who were in search of treasures.It is worth giving this brave maid a fortune in return.接待大厅入口处的明朝木制花瓶 使 每个人都惊奇不已。艺术家以一种罕有的风格设计它，

659、并挑选了 贵重的珠宝装饰 它。人们高度赞赏它那蜂蜜般的奇特颜色，还有上面绘制的绘画。这个花瓶曾经属于一座从前的城堡，但在战争期间，敌人的军队炸毁了城堡，于是关于这个花瓶是如 何幸存下来的争论就一直在持续着。为了解开人们的疑问，一个由不少于 20 人的调查队开展了一次非正 式的调查。他们找到的证据表明，有个女仆 把 花瓶拆开，然后让一名水手把它沉 到当 地的 一个水井里。她从来没有泄露这个秘密，即使是在搜寻财宝的敌人残酷的审讯下。这位女仆真是值得给予一大笔钱作为对她的回报。7.A Fair Competition公平的比赛 Swifter,Higher and Stronger stands f

660、or the spirit of the Olympics.But fairness is the basis of this motto.Only when you win fairly will you and your homeland deserve the great glory.But nowadays,unlike theancient honest slave competitors,some hopeless athletes who cant bear the pain of training cheat when takingpart in games.Medals se

661、em to have magical power causing them to cheat,and the prize money has replaced themotto as their only goal.So,in the gymnastics event to be held in our city next month,one of the hosts responsibilities is to keepcompetitions fair.They advertised on posters outside the stadium to promise that every

662、competitor is to have a regular physical examination in a gymnasium one after another.No one can bargain on this.The volunteers中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 122 页（共 331 页）in charge will be very strict.It is foolish to cheat because they will not be admitted to compete and will ev

663、en befined as well.“更快！更高！更强！”代表着奥运精神。但是公平却是这一格言的基础。只有当你公平地赢得比赛，你和你的祖国才会承受这样的光荣。但如今，不像古代那些诚实的奴隶参赛者，有些没有希望的运动员无 法承受训练的痛苦，于是在参加比赛时作假。奖牌似乎有某种魔力使他们作假，奖金也已经代替了奥运格 言成为了他们唯一的目标。因此，在我们市下个月即将举行的一场体操赛事中，主办方的其中一项责任就是要确保比赛的公平。他们在体育场外的海报上做广告，承诺说每个参赛者都将在体育馆一个一个地参加常规的身体检查。对此 没有人可以讨价还价。负责此事的志愿者将非常严格。作假是很愚蠢的，因为他们将不被

664、允许去竞赛，甚 至还将被罚款。8.Computers电脑 The goal of early calculating machines was to simplify difficult sums.But with the help of new technology,electronic chips replaced tubes and a revolution of artificial intelligence has arisen.From then on,theappearance of computers totally changed our lives.They can not

665、 only download information from the wet whenconnected by the network or mobile phone signals,but also solve different types of logical problems.Withoperators as their coaches,they can even control rockets to explore the moon and instruct androids with thehuman races characters to mop floors and watc

666、h over your naughty niece.Anyhow,computers are so helpfulthat they do bring happiness.However,computers are easily attacked by viruses.This reality has become a hard-to-deal with-problem.As a result,computers are dangerous in a way.So,personally,I worry about their universal applications insome fiel

667、ds,such as finance.早期计算机器的目的是简化比较难的计算。但是在新技术的帮助下，电子芯片代替了电子管，一场人 工智能革命由此掀起。从那时起，电脑的出现完全改变了我们的生活，它们不仅能在网络或移动电话信号 的连接下从网上下载信息，而且可以解决各种类型的逻辑问题。在操作员的教练下，它们甚至还可以控制 火箭探索 月球，指导具有人类性格的机器人擦洗地板和照顾你调皮的侄女。不管怎么说，电脑都是如此的 有用，以致的确给人们带来了快乐。然而，电脑很容易受到病毒的攻击，这一现实已经成为一个难以处理的难题，结果，电脑在某种程度 上 是很危险的。因此，就个人而言，我很担心电脑在某些领域，例如金融

668、方面的广泛应用。9.保护野生动植物 Wildlife ProtectionDinosaurs died out because of an unexpected incident.But wildlife today disappears or is in danger justbecause humans do harm to it.For example,tigers are hunted for fur to make carpets so that they can only livein secure reserves;grassland is destroyed without m

669、ercy so that dust storms come into being affecting distantcities.Last year,scientists saw some monkeys rubbing themselves with a certain kind of insects to protectthemselves from fierce mosquitoes biting.According to the result of the inspection,they found that the insectcontains a powerful drug,so

670、local farmers were employed to catch the insects.The ending was that the insectsdisappeared from the whole zone.When told that it was a loss to humans,the farmers burst into laughter andresponded,“Our real loss is our decreasing income.”We should appreciate the natural balance and pay more attention

671、 to the importance of wildlife protection.Not until we succeed in letting wildlife live in peace,can we smile in relief.恐龙因一次意外事件而灭绝，但是今天的野生动植物却是因为人类的伤害而消失或处在危险中。例如，老虎被猎杀以获取做地毯的皮毛，以致它们只能生活在安全的保护区里；草地被毫不怜悯地破坏，以致沙 尘暴开始影响遥远的城市。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 123 页（共 331 页）去年，科学家观察到猴子在

672、身上擦某种昆虫来保护自己不受凶猛的蚊子的叮咬。根据检查的结果，他 们发现这种昆虫含有一种具有强大效力的药物，于是，当地的农民都被雇来抓虫子。结果是，这种昆虫从 这整个地区都消失了。当被告知说这是整个人类的损失时，农民们都突然大笑着回应道：“我们减少的收 入才是我们真正的损失呢！”我们应该意识到自然平衡的重要，更加注意野生动植物的保护。直到我们成功让野生动植物安详平静 地生活，我们自己才能如释重负地笑开颜。10.My First Band我的第一支乐队 I was very sensitive to music.Just dipping into the music books briefly,

673、I could sing or play well.To behonest,I always dreamt of becoming a famous folk actor.I was so confident that I never decreased mydevotion.I formed my first band called“Rolling Frog”.At the beginning,we relied on performing on instruments inpubs or to passers by to earn extra money in cash.Then we w

674、ore false beards to pretend to be the musicianswhom people were familiar with.In addition,we attached humorous acts to our performances and playedjokes on each other.Soon,our“funny jazz”became famous and invitations to perform for broadcast stationsbegan to come.Afterwards,we sorted out attractive m

675、usic and made a record in a studio.A million or socopies were sold and we became millionaires.It was painful that the band broke up finally.But above all,I realized my dream to be a musician.我对音乐很敏感，只要简要地浏览一下乐谱，我就能演唱或演奏得很好。说实话，我一直都梦想着能 成为出名的民间演员，自信的我从未减少过热爱。我组成的第一支乐队叫做“摇滚蛙”。开始，我们依靠在酒吧里或向路人表演乐器来挣些零花的

676、现金。然后我们带上假胡子假扮人们熟悉的音乐家，除此之外，我们在表演中加上幽默的动作，互相开着玩笑。很快，我们的“滑稽爵士乐”出了名，到广播电台表演的邀请开始多起来。随后，我们把我们吸引人的音乐 做了分类，在一间音乐工作室录制了 1 张唱片，大约卖出了 100 万张，这使我们都成了百万富翁。乐队最终的解散让我很心痛，但最重要的是，我实现了自己当音乐家的梦想。11.An Interesting Festival有趣的节日 The Agricultural Feast takes place after the Independence Day.It is not a worldwide celeb

677、ration.OnlyChristians in Mexico look forward to its arrival for its religious origin:Long ago,humans ancestors were bad.They fooled and played tricks on each other and never kept theirword.So God turned up and drowned all their crops.Humans starved day and night,weeping.In order to gainGods forgiven

678、ess,a woman poet set off to see God.She admired God and kept apologizing.God was moved.With his permission,humans finally had good harvests again.So,to wipe sadness and remind themselves of thebelief in God,people began the festival.On the festival,people gather in open air,such as playgrounds or pa

679、rking lots,and energetically have funwith each other all night long,as though they were never tired.When a beauty dressed up in lovely clothingreads poems in memory of the poet,everyone holds their breath.Then,it is the custom that the bone of a rooster head is given to her as an award.Obviously,the

680、 story is not true,but the festival is interesting.农业盛会在着节日的到来：独立日后举行。它不是一个世界性的庆典，由于它的宗教起源，只有墨西哥的基督徒才盼 很久以前，人类的祖先很坏，他们互相欺骗，耍诡计，从不遵守诺言。于是，上帝出现了，淹死了他 们所有的作物。人们日夜挨饿，哭泣着。为了获得上帝的原谅，一位女诗人出发去见上帝。她对上帝的赞 美 和怀有的歉意感动了上帝，有了他的允许，人类终于又获得了丰收。因此，为了抹去忧伤并提醒自己对 上帝的信仰，人们开始举办这个节日。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高

681、考英语备考手册 第 124 页（共 331 页）在节日那天，人们聚集在露天场所，例如操场或停车场，通宵达旦地玩得非常开心，精力充沛的人们 似乎不知疲倦。当一位用可爱的衣服盛装打扮的美女朗读诗歌以纪念那位诗人时，在场的每个人都屏住了 呼吸，然后，按照风俗，将奖励给她一只公鸡的头骨。很明显，这个故事不是真的，但是节日却很有趣。12.Balanced Diet平衡膳食 Wang Peng earned his living by running a barbecue restaurant,which served delicious bacon,fried chickenbreast and mut

682、ton roasted with pepper and garlic.But his food and discount attracted fewer and fewercustomers.Finally,he was in debt.Yong Huis slimming restaurant served fresh peas,carrots,eggplants,andraw cucumbers with vinegar.As the hostess,she said fibres benefited customers digestion the most.In ordernot to

683、let Yong Hui get away with tellinglies,Wang Peng spied on Yong Hui despite her glare.But he was surprised that she was losing her customers,too.Curiosity drove Wang Peng to consult an expert.The expert sighed and said,“Both of your menus haveweakness and limited strength.Your customers put on weight

684、 too easily,while Yong Huis lose weight tooquickly.So,Wang Peng,cut down the fat of your food and increase vegetables and fruits,like nuts,beans,mushrooms,peaches and lemons.You ought to combine the two menus and provide a balanced diet.”Before long,Wang Peng won his customers back.王鹏经营一家烧烤餐厅来谋生，他的餐

685、厅供应美味的腊肉、油炸的鸡胸，还有用辣椒和大蒜一起烤 制 的羊肉。但是，他的食物和折扣吸引的顾客越来越少，最后是他负债累累。永慧的减肥餐厅供应的是新 鲜的豌豆、红萝卜、茄子和醋腌的生黄瓜。作为老板娘（女主人），她总是说食物纤维才最有利于顾客的 消化。为了不让永慧说了谎不受惩罚，王鹏不顾她的怒视，前去探查个究竟。但是让他惊奇的是，永慧的 顾客也在严重地流失。好奇心驱使王鹏去咨询专家。那位专家叹息着说：“你们俩的菜单都缺点明显、优点有限。你的顾客 很容易就发胖，而永慧的顾客体重却减轻得太快。所以嘛，王鹏，你要减少你的食物中的脂肪含量，增加 蔬菜和水果，例如坚果、豆类、蘑菇、桃子和柠檬之类。你应该把

686、两份菜单结合起来，给顾客提供平衡的 膳食。”不久，王鹏就赢回了他的顾客。13.Sailing Home划船回家 This novel was about an unbelievable but genuine adventure.Its author was a black businessman whowas brought up in America.In 1956,he visited Africa,his birthplace.One day,when he was wandering on thepavement near the bay enjoying the sea scene

687、s,he lost his money and passport that he kept in an envelope.So hewent to the embassy to seek help,but the ambassador with rude manners didnt permit his staff to help thoughhe bowed to him.Staring at his impatient face,he understood that it was the fault of his skin colour thataccounted for theirref

688、ection.So he decided to take a chance to sail on a small boat home.He met a large amount of difficulty but was never stopped.On the contrary,difficulty pushed him to goahead harder.Three months later,he was spotted by a ship by accident.He was in rags indeed.A maid evenscreamed when bringing him a s

689、teak and pineapple dessert.Aboard,he earned his passage by working as abarber and got home finally.As for the name of his novel,he couldnt think of a better one than the phrase“GoAhead”.这部小说写的是一次令人难 以 置 信 而又真实的历险。其作者是 一位在美国被抚养长大的黑人商人。1956 年，他回到他的出生地非洲。有一天，当他在海湾边的人行道上漫步欣赏海景时，他丢失了一个装着 钱和护照的信封，于是向当地的大使

690、馆寻求帮助。但是大使态度非常粗鲁，即使向他鞠躬，也不允许他的 职员帮忙。盯着他那不耐烦的脸，他知道是他皮肤颜色的错才导致了他们的拒绝。于是，他决定冒险驾驶 一只小船回家。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 125 页（共 331 页）他遇到了许多困难，但是从未停止，相反，困难推动他更努力地前进。三个月后，当他被一艘船偶然 发现时，真的是衣衫褴褛。给他端来牛排和菠萝甜品的女仆甚至被吓得尖叫起来。在船上，他当一名理发 师来挣取船费，最后终于回到了家。至于这部小说的名字，他再也不能想到一个比“前进”更好的短语了。14.Explore M

691、KII探测 MKII 行星 MKII,a planet billions of kilometers away,is the origin of life in many religions.Physicists have proved thetheory that its gentle climate and the pull of its gravity are similar to the earths.And astronomers have foundthat oxygen atoms and carbon dioxide,which are fundamental to life,

692、exist in its atmosphere through satellites.Cheered up by this news,biologists,in their turn,began to do some research to remove peoples puzzlesNowthat there are some suitable conditions,does life really exist on this globe?Do they multiply by laying eggs orgiving birth to babies?Last month,a spacesh

693、ip was sent there.Its a pity that this mission failed.Unlike the earth,MKII is a muchyounger planet.Thus,masses of harmful acid clouds float everywhere causing violent chain reactions to breakout.These clouds not only blocked out the pilots sight but also damaged the engine system.Luckily,the pilots

694、watched out carefully and prevented the spaceship from crashing in time.MK 二号是一颗几十亿公里外的行星，它在许多宗教里都是生命起源的地方。物理学家已经证明了它 温和的气候 和重力的牵引都和地球相似的理论；天文学家 也通过卫星，在它的大气层里发现了氧原子和二 氧化碳的存在，这些都是对生命来说，都是基本的。受到这一消息的鼓舞，生物学家们接着开始了研究以 解开人们的迷惑既然有了适合的条件，生命真的存在于这个星球吗？他们是通过下蛋，还是产仔来繁 殖后代的呢？上个月，一艘太空飞船被派到了那儿。可惜的是，这次任务失败了。不像地球，

695、MK 二号是一颗年轻 得多的行星。因此，大团大团的有害酸云到处漂浮，引起猛烈的连锁反应的爆发。这些云团不仅阻挡了飞 行员的视线，而且还损坏了发动机系统。幸运的是，飞行员小心注意，才及时阻止了飞船的坠毁。15.A Journey across Canada横穿加拿大的旅行 After a quiz last autumn,Kuang crossed the continent eastward to Toronto to visit his schoolmate,thedistance measuring approximately 5,000 kilometers,His train star

696、ted from Vancouver,a city surrounded by mountains.After confirming his baggage wasaboard the train,Kuang settled down in his seat.Having a gift for communication,he started chatting withanother passenger within 5 minutes.Their topics included the Canadian traditions,the Prime Minister,themixture of

697、races,and the terrifying Great Fall.After a nice buffet at noon,he was pleased to find that the scenery was impressive.He saw beautiful harbours in the distance,wealthy urban areas and maple forest thatcovered thousands of acres.He even managed to catch sight of an eagle flying upward over bushes.Ku

698、ang reached Toronto which lies slightly near the border at a misty dawn.There was frost and the broaddowntown streets were very quiet.Though it was early,Kuang phoned his schoolmate in a booth nearby at oncerather than waiting for him to come.They had a good time together.去年秋天的一次考试后来大约有五千多公里。，光向东横穿整

699、个大陆，来到多伦多探望他的同学，这次旅行的距 离 测量起 他的火车从群山围绕的温哥华启程。在证实了自己的行李都在火车上之后，光就在座位上安坐下来。因为在与人交流方面有天赋，他在 5 分钟内 就和另一个乘客聊起天来。他们的话题包括加拿大的传统、加 拿大的总理、种族的混合，还有让人心惊胆战的大瀑布。中午吃了一顿美味的自助餐后，他很高兴发现外 面的风景非常让人印象深刻。他看见了远处美丽的海港、富裕的市区，还有延绵几千亩的枫树林，他甚至 还设法看见了一只在灌木丛上空翱翔的鹰。光在一个薄雾笼罩的黎明到达稍稍接近边境的多伦多，地上有霜，宽阔的市区街道很安静。尽管还很 早，光却不愿等待，立刻就在附近电话亭给

700、同学打了个电话。他们在一起度过了美好的时光。16.A Woman Doctor-Lina中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 126 页（共 331 页）女医生丽娜 Born in a pigs nest,Lina led a poor life in her childhood.She was looked down upon by the children ofher generation.But she intended to become a doctor after she came across Lin Qiaozhi

701、by chance,who wasdelivering medical courses to an audience crowding around her.Before moving off,Lin inspired her to carryon her study.With Lins support,Lina entered an institute and studied hard sparing no time for entertainment.Her being outspoken and modest won respect for her.Her excellent argui

702、ng skills and observation ability putothers into the shade.Now,Lina has become a specialist in human beings emergency sickness.Her kindness and consideratebehavior to the poor were well known.The organization she founded carried out campaigns and welfareprojects to help cut the death rate for the po

703、or.Her job was hard but worthwhile.She often refers to theconnection between her achievement and Lin Qiaozhi,and says that her poor childhood is the bond between herand the poor.丽娜出生在猪圈里，童年过着贫穷的生活，被和她同辈的孩子看不起。但是在她偶然遇见了林巧芝之 后却打定注意想要成为一名医生，当时林巧芝正在给拥挤在她身边的观众传授医疗课程，在离开之前，林 巧芝鼓舞她继续坚持学习。在林的支持下，丽娜进入了一所学院。她

704、努力学习，毫不浪费时间玩闹娱乐。她的坦诚和谦虚为她赢得了尊敬，她优秀的辩论技巧和观察能力使其他的人都黯然失色。现在，丽娜已经成为一名人类紧急病症专家。她对穷人的好心和考虑周到的一举一动都众所周知，她 建立的组织开展各种活动和福利项目来为穷人减少死亡率。她的工作艰苦却很值得。她常常提到她的成就 和林巧芝之间的联系，还总是说她贫穷的童年就是她与穷人之间的纽带。17A New Farming Way新的耕种方式 Tuan was a farmer in Vietnam.For decades,he had been struggling to rid his family of hunger.How

705、ever,it always confused him how to expand the output of his crops.This disturbing problem led to his regrettingbeing a farmer.He would rather have chosen another job.One day,when skimming through a newspaper,Tuan read a comment on Yuan Longpin.He underlinedYuans nationality and occupation,and then f

706、ocused on his discovery and the statistics of his research.Hefound the knowledge Yuan circulated very practical.Therefore,he made a summary and began to build up anew farming method.He planted super grain of rich nutrition and equipped himself to keep his crops roots freefrom bacteria and pests.He a

707、lso enriched minerals in the soil while reducing chemical fertilizers.Though itcost him more time and freedom,he was full of hope.The next year,Tuan was sunburnt but satisfied with his production very much.Thanks to Yuan Longpin,he not only won the battle against hunger,but he could also export his

708、crops abroad.俊是一名越南的农民，几十年来，他都一直在努力使家人摆脱 饥饿。然而，如何扩大他的农作物产 量 这一问题却一直在困扰着他。这个恼人的问题导致了他后悔当一名农民，而宁愿自己当初选择其它的工 作。一天，俊在浏览报纸的时候，读到一篇关于袁隆平的评论。他在袁的国籍和职业下面划了线，然后将 焦点集中在他的发现和研究数据上。他发现袁传播的知识非常实用，因此，他做了摘要，并开始建立一种 新的耕作方式。他种植营养丰富的超级谷物，添置设备以使作物的根部免受细菌害虫的伤害；他还增加土 壤 所含的矿物质，同时减少化学肥料的使用。尽管耗费了他更多的时间和自由，他却充满着希望。第二年，俊被晒黑了

709、，但是却对自己的生产非常满意。多亏了袁而且还将自己的作物出口到国外呢。隆平，他不仅赢得了对抗饥饿的战斗，18.Chaplin-A Great Master of Humour幽默大师卓别林 Chaplin was an extraordinary performer who starred in and directed many outstanding comedies.Fewwere bored watching his moustache,his gestures or his entertaining reactions when chased by detectives.Being

710、drunk,sliding on a banana skin or whispering his own failures to nobody,he made us feel more content中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 127 页（共 331 页）with our life without any verbal explanation.His particular sense of humor has astonished everybodythroughout the world up to now.In a s

711、mall budget film,he played a badly-off and homeless person wearing worn-out shoes and messyclothes.On one occasion,he was trapped by a snowstorm in a vast mountainous area.Though he overcamemany difficulties,he wasnt fortunate enough.With all the porridge eaten up,he picked out a shoe and boiled itt

712、o eat.He cut off the leather bottom and chewed it like a pancake.According to an actress,his acting was so convincing and amusing that everybody couldnt help bursting into laughter.卓别林是一名非凡的演员，他主演 并导演了多部杰出的喜剧。看见他可笑的小胡子、滑稽的手势动作，还有面对警探的追捕时有趣的反应，很少有人会觉得厌烦。喝醉酒啦，踩到香蕉皮滑倒啦，或者自言自语（低语）自己的糗事啦，他无需任何语言解释的表演总是使我

713、们对自己的生活感到更加满意。他独特的幽 默 感直到现在依然使世界各地的人们都感到惊讶。在一部小预算的电影里，他穿着磨破的鞋子和脏兮兮的衣服，扮演了一名贫穷又无家可归的人。在一 幕场景中，他被一场暴风雪困在一片多山的区里。尽管他克服了许多困难，但是他还是运气不好的。粥都 吃完了，他只好挑出一只鞋子煮来吃。他切下皮革的鞋底，像烙饼一样地咀嚼起来。据一名女演员所说，他的表演是如此地令人信服而又逗人发笑的，以致在场的所有人都忍不住大笑起来。19.A Misunderstanding一场误会 In general,spoken statements are the major way of commun

714、ication,but body language and facialexpressions also have such kinds of function.For example,yawning means being not interested and turningones back to someone or swinging your fist shows your anger.But what those gestures reallymeanissubjective in different cultures.Thus,misunderstandings happen no

715、w and then in todays world of culturalcrossroads.Once,representing the Adults Education Association,I went to the airport to meet an official of high rankfrom Columbia and take him to his dormitory and then to the canteen.After the flight arrived,I saw a manlooking around curiously.So I approached t

716、o greet him.He suddenly dashed to hug me and kissed me on bothcheeks.As a young girl,I felt truly embarrassed and put up my hands to defend myself.His false smile told methat he had lost face.Later,I received a cassette from him,in which he recorded his apology.On hearing that Columbians weremore li

717、kely to kiss others,I soon felt at ease.通常说来，口头表达是人们交流的主要方法，但是肢体语言和面部表情也有这种功能。例如，打哈欠 意味着不感兴趣，背对别人或向其挥舞拳头表达的是愤怒。但是在不同的文化中那些手势表达的真正意思 是很主观的。由此，误会就时不时地发生在今天这个文化交叉碰撞的世界里。有一回，我代表成人教育协会到机场去接一位从哥伦比亚来的高级官员，我得带他到宿舍和食堂。当 他的航班到达时，我看见一名男子好奇地东张西望，于是走上前去和他打招呼。他突然猛冲过来拥抱我，还亲了我的脸颊。还是个年轻姑娘的我感到真尴尬，不由自主举起手来保护自己。他的假笑告诉我

718、他感到 丢了面子。后来，我收到他送来的一盒磁带，里面录了他的道歉。当听到这只是因为哥伦比亚人更倾向于见面时 互相亲吻时，我很快就感到轻松安心了。20.A Unique Theme Park独一无二的主题公园 As soon as our shuttle got close to the theme park by the freeway,everyone came to life and put on clothsneakers in advance for an outing.Our translator paid for the admission,and we started enjoy

719、ing the variousattractions in the sunlight.According to the travel brochure,this unique park is famous for its well preserved minority culture.Weexperienced many deeds of the early settlers,such as swinging across rivers,hunting creatures in the jungle,ortaking part in swords fighting tournaments.中山

720、纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 128 页（共 331 页）This park is also famous for its wooden souvenirs.Whichever we bought in the central shop was made ofwood,and wherever we went we could see minority carpenters working.They made wooden tools,woodencartoon figures,wooden athletic products

721、and so on.They even built a huge wooden engine with a length of 20metres,which was modeled after a real one.This theme park is really a fantasy amusement park.No wonder it has become the brand of local tourism.我们走高速公路的来往穿梭巴士一接近主题公园，大家都活跃了起来，并且提前穿上了布鞋，做好这 趟外出旅游的准备。翻译付了入场费后，我们就开始在阳光下欣赏各种各样吸引人的东西。根据旅行手

722、册的介绍，这个独一无二的公园因其得到良好保护的少数名族文化而闻名。我们体验了许 多早期定居者所做的事，如荡过河啦，在丛林中猎杀动物啦，或者参加剑术比赛啦等等。这个公园还因为它的木制纪念品而闻名，我们在中心商场购买的任何一件物品，都是用木头制作的，无论我们走到哪里，都可以看见少数名族的木匠们在忙碌。他们制作的有木制工具、木制的卡通人物、木 制的运动用的产品，等等等等。他们甚至还根据一台真实发动机仿造了一台长度有 20 米的木制发动机。这个主题公园真是个充满幻想的娱乐公园，怪不得它成为当地旅游业的一个品牌。21.A Strange Disease奇怪的疾病 When the constructio

723、n of the firework factory came to the stage of painting,a pump was put in.Then,allthe painters in the neighbourhood were defeated by a severe disease whose characteristic was alike to that of abad burn.An expert physician was instructed to attend to the victims and handle this case.He was enthusiast

724、ic,buthe didnt foresee that it was a hard challenge.After simple enquiry,he announced that the polluted paint was toblame.But without positive evidence,people suspected and rejected his view,saying the theory he put forwardmade no sense.Being much more strict with himself,he contributed himself to t

725、he case.Apart from makingenquiries,he made detailed charts and analysed the data cautiously.Finally,he drew a scientific conclusion,linking the disease to the radium in the pump.Exposed to radium,a kind of radioactive material in the universe,people absorbed radiation and got sick immediately.Spinni

726、ng the pump backward,he took away the radium.This simple movement cured all the victims.当那座烟花工厂的建设到了油漆阶段时，一个水泵被安装进来，接着，在它附近的油漆 工都得了一种严重的疾病（疾病击败油漆工），其特征与烧伤相似。一位经验丰富的内科医生被指定去照顾受害者并负责处理 这一案例。他热情地投入到工作中，但是却 没有预见到这是一次艰难的挑战。在简单的询问后，他就宣布说罪魁祸首是受污染的油漆（油漆应受责备）。但是没有确实的证据，人们很怀疑并拒绝他的观点，大家都说他提出的理论毫无道理。他对自己要求更加 严格

727、，全身心地投入。除了询问，他还制作了详细的图表，谨慎地分析各项数据，最后，他终于得出了一 个科学的结论，把疾病和水泵中的镭联系起来。镭是宇宙中的一种放射性物质，当暴露在镭的辐射中时，人体吸收其射线，立刻染上疾病。他把水泵向后旋转，拿走了里面的镭，这个简单的动作治愈了所有的受害者。22.Sightseeing in the United Kingdom观光联合王国 After the wedding,my cousin and his wife went to the United Kingdom for nationwide sightseeing.Hefaxed a letter to me

728、 in English yesterday.To my delight,he no longer made any tense error.And his descriptionroughly clarified my questions about the UK-its currency,its administration,the institution which divides itinto four provinces,and the historical conflicts and quarrels when Southern Ireland broke away from the

729、 UK.Unwilling to leave out any attraction,my cousin arranged his enjoyable journey carefully.One attractiveplace he visited was a castle in the countryside of Scotland,which lies near a port.It used to be the headquarters（请注意：音频里面是 headquarter，没有加 s，是不对的。）of the Communism Union but broke down during

730、 the war.Finding nothing could take the place of this splendid architecture,people accomplished rebuilding it in1952.It was to their credit that all furnished rooms are consistent with what they used to be.My cousin was中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 129 页（共 331 页）thrilled by its c

731、ollections consisting of statues plus royal uniforms folded in glass tanks.Though there was nopossibility to buy some of these exhibits,it was convenient to take photos,which he sent me along with his fax.我的表弟和他妻子在举办了婚礼后到联合王国做全国旅游观光去了。他昨天传真了一封英文信给我，让我高兴的是，他再也不犯时态错误了，而且他的描述也粗略地向我阐明了关于英国的一些问题它的 货币 啦，行

732、政管理啦，把它分成四个行政区的制度啦，还有在南爱尔兰脱离联合王国时发生的一些历史上 的冲突和争拗。因为不愿意漏掉任何一个景点，我表弟仔细地安排了他愉快的旅程。他参观的其中一个吸引人的地方 是苏格兰乡村的一个城堡。城堡靠近一座港口，曾经是共产主义联盟会的总部，但是在战争中倒塌了。人 们发现没有任何东西可以取代这座辉煌的建筑，于是在 1952 年完成了重建。值得赞扬的是，所有配备家 具的房间都和它们过去一致的。由雕像加折叠在玻璃柜里的皇家制服组成的收藏品使我表弟震撼不已。尽 管没有可能购买这些展览品，拍照却很方便，他在传真中一起发给了我。23.An Air Crash飞机失事 I was a pr

733、evious typist in a post office.Because I couldnt tolerate typing any more postage bills or postcodes on a typewriter every day,I resigned.With a greedy motivation of making big money,I took upworking as a business representative for the G.E Ecology Company,which produced goods by recycling usefulmat

734、erials from our dustbins.My new job left me good impressions in many aspects except that the workingtimetable was full of traveling by jets.Once,when speeding up,our jet was swallowed by a thunderstorm,which destroyed our GPS receiver andmade us lose sight of the directions.A constantly flashing lig

735、ht showed that our jet was in danger.A stewardinstantly asked us to put on masks and fasten the safety belts,and then pressed a button to switch on theescaping capsule.It slid sideways out of the opening at once and landed in a desert area safely.Lacking foodand tablets,we were nervous and uncertain

736、 at first.But we all kept optimistic and made good adjustment to thesituation.We swept up the surrounding mud to make our settlement and were back on our feet soon.Finally,guided by the smoke of our crashing jet,some local citizens came by carriages and saved us.我以前是一家邮局的打字员，因为忍受够了每天在打字机上打邮资账单或邮政编码，

737、我辞了职。带着 想挣大钱的贪婪动机，我开始给一家叫 G.E 生态 公司的企业当商务代表，这家公司通过回收我们垃圾箱里 的有用材料生产商品。我的新工作在多方面都给了我很好的印象，除了一点：乘飞机旅行挤满了我的工作 时间表。有一次，我们的喷气飞机在加速时被一场雷暴吞没，不仅损坏了 GPS 信号接收器，还使我们看不见方 向。一盏持续闪亮的灯说明我们的飞机正处在危险中。一名乘务员立刻让我们戴上面罩、系牢安全带，接 着按 下一枚按钮 打开逃生仓 电源，逃生仓马上侧着滑出出口，安全降落在一片荒凉的地区。因为缺少食 品和药品，我们一开始都又紧张又心里没底，但是我们都保持乐观，做好调整适应这一新境况。我们打扫

738、 干净周围的泥土，安顿下来，很快就恢复过来。最后，在我们坠机烟雾的指引下，一些当地的居民搭乘马 车到来，我们都获救了。24.An Amateur Journalist业余记者 Jane is a housewife,but delighted to work as an amateur journalist.It is a dilemma for her to rushbetween family and work,and it is also unusual for the News Department to depend on an amateur to covercrimes.But

739、Jane is really gifted.It is admirable that she is seldom accused of making mistakes.And,eager tobecome more professional,she concentrates on her job and updates herself now and then.Once she is informed of a new case,her normal working process is as follows:first,she makesappointments with guilty pe

740、ople for interviews.So as to acquire accurate stories,she usually demands torecord what they say.Meanwhile,a technically good colleague will assist her in taking photographs.Second,she assesses whether they are deliberately hiding the truth.If she is skeptical about their words,she will lookinto the

741、 case herself.Third,she writes thorough stories ahead of the deadline and submits it to the senior chief中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 130 页（共 331 页）editor,who polishes and approves every section.Finally,her stories will be published in different editions oftheir magazine.简是一名家庭主妇

742、，但却非常乐意做一名业余记者。在家和工作之间奔波总是使她左右为难，而且对 于新闻部来说，依靠一名业余人员来报道罪案也是不同寻常的，但是简真的很有天赋，让人钦佩的是她极 少因为犯错而受到责备。因为渴望做得更加专业，她全神贯注于工作，且时不时地就提升自身的业务水平。一旦接到新案子的通知，她通常的工作程序如下：首先，她和有罪的人约了作采访。为了获得准确的 新闻，她通常要求做录音，同时，一位技术上好的同事会协助她拍照；接着，她对受采访的人是否有故意 隐瞒真相作出评估。如果她怀疑他们的话，就会亲自调查案件；然后，她在截稿期限前写出详尽的报道，呈交 给高级主编，由他对每个部分做润色和批准；最后，她的新闻就

743、发表在杂志的各个版本中了。25.First Aid急救 A boy fell ill.His organs were damaged by the radiation of an infrared ray stove.But before theambulance arrived,a number of other injuries happened to this unlucky boy over and over again.First,he waschoked by some poisonous liquid from the kettle on the cupboard.Then hi

744、s wrist skin was burnt by electricshock.Finally,his ankle was cut by a pan.Fortunately,the boys nurse gave him proper temporary treatments according to his complex symptoms.She mildly squeezed the poisonous liquid out of his throat and put bandages firmly in place to apply pressureto the ankle wound

745、 to stop bleeding.As for the burn,she used scissors to remove his sleeve,poured a basin ofcold water over the burn to cool it and put her hands on a damp blouse to cover his swollen tissue tightly.Shealso inspired his bravery to fight against the unbearable pain.Her first aid made a vital difference

746、 in saving hislife.A ceremony was held to honour the nurse who overcame a variety of barriers to save the boy.有个孩子病倒了，他的体内器官被一台红外线烤炉的放射线灼伤了。但是在救护车到来前，这个不幸 的孩子身上还一而再、再而三地发生了许多别的伤害。开始是被橱柜上水壶里的有毒液体噎住，然后是手 腕的皮肤被电击烧伤，最后，一只平底锅还割伤了他的脚踝。幸运的是，男孩的保姆根据他的复杂症状给予了适当的临时治疗。她轻轻地从他喉咙里把有毒液体挤 了出来；并在脚踝合适的位置紧紧扎上绷带，施加压力使伤

747、口的流血止住；对于烧伤，她用剪刀剪去他的 袖子，倒了一盆凉水给烧伤位置降温，并找来一件湿的女式衬衫紧紧盖住他肿胀的皮肤组织。此外，她还 激发起他的勇敢和难以忍受的疼痛做斗争。她的急救在挽救他性命中起了至关重要的作用。人们举办了一 场典礼来表彰这位克服各种障碍挽救了男孩的小保姆。26.Abstract Art抽象艺术 Abstract art used to be controversial.On one hand,the artists stopped painting delicate figures butattempted to adopt special techniques to g

748、ive people different visual impacts.On the other hand,their works,including sculptures carved out of marble or fragile clay,were all with a specific aim of showing feelings.Some conventional scholars who were allergic to abstract art said it was evidently ridiculous and neither art norgeometry.Their

749、 Traditional Art Committee predicted its soon disappearing.But nowadays,abstract art has become part of the permanent possessions of contemporary civilization.Galleries along the Madison Avenue give scores of superb exhibitions on typical abstract works,appealing tomany who have a preference for abs

750、tract art.The Shadow of Egypt,a caf in this district,has become the hometo those aggressive abstract artists.Consequently,it is not a coincidence for you to meet one of these artists ofgreat reputation in the flesh.They are asked for signatures and given bunches of fragrant flowers plus they aregive

751、n a great deal of praise by their faithful fans.抽象艺术曾经颇受争议，一方面，抽象艺术家们不再画精致的画像，而是试图采用特别的技巧给人们 以不同的视觉冲击；另一方面，他们的作品，包括用大理石和易碎的粘土雕刻出来的雕像，都以表达感情 为其明确的目的。有些对抽象艺术反感的传统学者说抽象艺术是极其明显地荒谬可笑，说它既不是艺术，又不是几何学，他们的传统艺术委员会还预言了它的迅速消失。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 131 页（共 331 页）但是到了今天，抽象艺术已经成为当代文明永久财

752、产的一部分，麦蒂逊大道的画廊为典型的抽象艺术 作品举办了许多出色的展览，吸引了许多对抽象艺术有偏爱的人。这区有家叫埃及之影的咖啡馆已经成为 那些有进取精神的抽象艺术家们活动的根据地，所以，亲眼见到一位名声极大的艺术家本人并不是什么巧 合的事，他们被忠实的崇拜者索取签名，并被给予成束的芬芳花朵和大量的赞扬。27.A Russian Poem俄国童谣 Since childhood,Anton had often recited poems,accompanied by pianists and violinists,at weddingceremonies before brides and b

753、ridegrooms exchanged rings.Gradually,he found writing poems the mostappropriate way to convey his joy and sorrow.When his poem Contradictory Blank won him a nationalchampionship and a scholarship to the Moscow University from a sponsor,he was just an unknown librarian.After getting his diploma,he de

754、voted his life to writing poems.Using concrete but flexible language and theminimum of words is his style.He tried out different patterns and preferred nursery rhyme in particular.Thefollowing is a translation of one of his works made up of 3 sections:Little sparrow with heavy load,Ran out of energy

755、 and very cold;No compass and all sweat salty,Can you gothrough the endless darkness?Little balloon let out by the thread,Flew over cottages and was very glad;Withwarmth transformed from sunlight,He said he could forever fly;Take it easy,little balloon;Dont tease thesparrow with his wound;On the bar

756、e branch and have a rest;This diamond heart will eventually get success.从童年时起，安东就常常在钢琴师或小提琴师的伴奏下在婚礼上朗诵诗歌，为新 郎 新娘 交 换 戒指前的 仪式助兴。渐渐地，他发现写诗是表达他的欢乐和悲伤的最合适方式。在他还是个寂寞无闻的图书管理员 时，他的诗矛盾的空白就获得了全国诗歌创作冠军，并为他赢得一位赞助人提供的奖学金，到莫斯科 大学深造。获得文凭后，他将一生都投入到诗歌创作中。使用具体而灵活的语言和最少的词语数量是他的 风格，他还喜欢尝试不同的诗歌形式，特别是童谣。下面由三部分组成的译文就是他的作

757、品中的一首：小麻雀，负重担，小气球，脱绳系，别紧张，小气球 筋疲力尽挡风寒，飞越农舍真高兴，别笑麻雀伤口留，汗水成盐无指引，阳光给予它温暖，光光的树梢歇片刻，能否穿越无边暗？永远高飞不费力；恒（钻石）心终把成功求。28.Lets Help Adolescents帮助青少年 Whether they are male or female,adolescents feel like deciding on everything themselves in spite ofparents instruction,especially when they face problems like sex,

758、mental stress,etc.,which make them feelashamed and embarrassed.Thus they often automatically get into troubles due to their imperfectcomprehension and judgement.Some are addicted to cigarettes,only several packets of which will hurt theirlungs and make them breathless quickly.Others cant quit drinki

759、ng alcohol,whose harmful effects includecausing young pregnant women to abort or give birth to abnormal babies.The worst is drug abuse,for thewithdrawal is tough once their bodies are accustomed to the drugs.Meanwhile,those who share needles boughtfrom illegal chemists are at great risk of being inf

760、ected with desperate AIDS.If so,neither injecting nor takingpills can guarantee their survival.However,dont be disappointed at or have prejudice against our children so easily.After all,beingawkward is an appendix of youth.As long as we strengthen communication with them instead of only banningthis

761、or banning that,we will surely help them avoid anything unfit.不论男女，青少年们都喜欢不顾家长的指导，自己对一切作决定，特别是当他们面对如性、心理压力 等等 一些使他们觉得羞愧和尴尬的问题时更是如此。因此，由于他们理解力和判断力的不足，他们常常会 无意识地陷入困境中。有的对香烟上瘾，只要几包就会对他们的肺造成损害，使他们很容易就气喘吁吁；有的没法戒除酒精带来的不良后果，包括造成年轻的怀孕女性流产或生下不正常的婴儿；最糟糕的是滥用 毒品，因为一旦他们的身体对毒品习惯了，要想戒毒就相当困难了。同时，那些共用从非法药剂师处购买 中山纪念中

762、学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 132 页（共 331 页）的注射器的青少年冒着感染令人绝望的艾滋病的极大风险，一旦感染上，不管是打针还是吃药都没法保证 他们的生存了。然而，请不要轻易就对我们的孩子失望或抱有偏见，毕竟，不成熟是年轻的必然附属品。只要我们加 强和他们的沟通，而不是仅仅禁止这样，不准那样，我们一定能帮助他们避开不健康的东西。29.Refresh Our Environment恢复环境生机 As the director stated on behalf of his researching group,the data o

763、f this graph makes a clear presentationof the future environmental tendency.On one hand,the quantity of fuel keeps on decreasing by 9%per yearwhile the growth of a wide range of pollution has been a global trend.On the other hand,the mildly but steadily going up of the average temperature is resulti

764、ng in catastrophes like widespread floods.Withoutdisagreement,they subscribe to the view that it is humans existence and their randomly consuming energy thatresult in this phenomenon.Many people have a commitment that developing nuclear power or energy from outer space will stop badconsequences comi

765、ng about.However,scientists and educators are opposed to this view even if our needs maybe met on the whole.They tend to advocate refreshing our circumstances by saving energy and recycling waste.It is suggested that we use energy-saving appliances such as electrical motors,microwaves and so on and

766、notbe casual about little things like recycling a can.So please glance around and see what you can do.So long aseverybody makes contribution,we will not have to put up with this problem anymore.正如那位主任代表他的研究小组所说明的那样，这张图表的数据清楚地描述了未来环境的趋势：一方 面，燃料的数量以每年 9%的速度持续减少，同时，大范围污染的增长已经成为一种全球趋势；另一反面，平均气温轻微却稳定地升高正

767、在造成像广泛的洪涝那样的灾难。无不同意地和任意的消耗能源才造成了这一现象。，他们一致赞成是人类的存在 许多人都信奉开发核能和外太空能源会防止糟糕的后果发生的理论，然而，即使这样可以基本上满足 我们的需要，科学家和教育家们仍然反对这一观点。他们更倾向于拥护用节省能源和回收废料的方法恢复 环境 生机，并建议我们要使用节省能源的器具，如 电力发动机 、微波炉等，还建议我们不要对如回收罐子 这种小事漫不经心。因此，看看你身边是否有你能做的事，只要每个人都作出贡献，我们就不必再忍受这 个问题的困扰了。30.A Volcano Eruption火山爆发 As the best candidate,I wa

768、s appointed to collect and evaluate information for a database about diversenatural disasters,such as hurricanes,typhoons or thunderstorms.Sometimes I did this by giving out questionnaires to those who went through them.But sometimes I had to go through actual disasters myself.TheMusaki Volcano was

769、one of them.At that time,I lived in a bungalow alongside the volcano with a novelist,who came for the appreciation ofits eruption.One day,when I was drawing diagrams on the balcony and he was bathing inside,the volcanoerupted unexpectedly.The ash and lava fountains shooting highly in the sky varied

770、from 50 to 100 meters inheight.It was absolutely fantastic!I even noticed a rainbow appear in the fog caused by a heat wave.But,glancing through our surroundings,I foresaw the potential danger and found no guarantee of our safety.The uncomfortable gas almost made us unconscious.Sweats of anxiety beg

771、an to drop.Managing to stoppanicking and trembling,we quickly put on our protective suits,helmets and boots and eventually made ourway to a safe place.How lucky we were even though my precious equipment and documents were all burnt tothe ground!作为最好的候选人，我被委派为一个数据库收集和评估各种自然灾害的信息，例如飓风、台风或雷暴等。有时我通过向经历过

772、这些灾害的人分发调查问卷来收集信息，有时却得亲自经历实际的灾害。Musaki 火山 就是其中之一。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 133 页（共 331 页）那时，我和一名来欣赏火山爆发的小说家同住在火山边上的一座平房里。有一天，当我正在阳台上画 图表而他在屋里洗澡时，火山突然爆发了，喷射到天空中的火山灰和岩浆喷泉从 50 米到 100 米不等，这 一情景绝对地奇异，我甚至还注意到一条彩虹出现在热浪造成的雾里。然而，我向四周看了一下，马上预见到了潜在的危险，也发现了我们的安全毫无保障。令人不舒服的 气体几乎使我们失去知觉，忧虑

773、的汗水开始流淌下来。我们努力使自己不要惊慌和颤抖，迅速穿上保护套 装、头盔和靴子，最后成功前往安全的地方。尽管我珍贵的设备和文件都烧得精光，但是我们真的非常幸 运。31.Defeat Disability战胜残疾 Yangs ambition was to get an architect certificate or become a bowling master.But when he was conductingexperiments with a microscope in the basement,a tank on the bench exploded,sending him fl

774、ying outwardsthrough the exit.He was out of breath while knowing he lost his eyesight as well as 70%of his hearing.Inother words,he was disabled.Feeling clumsy,he was annoyed at first though nobody made fun of him.He cut out going outdoors and justsat around at home talking to his parrot or tortoise

775、 silently.His sister resigned to help him in many ways.Herassistance and encouragement were so beneficial to his psychology that he adapted to his disability soon andbecame outgoing again.In a college accessible to him,he studied politics and literature.He always sat in thefront row near the entry w

776、ithout any absence and,with the help of his handy laptop,he studied well by means of dictation.His thesis,Abolishing Slavery,met with all professors approval.After class,he and his companionsoften played drum music,which was noisy but suitable for his hearing.After graduation,he made high profitsby

777、designing software for a firm.All in all,in his community,he won his dignity and peoples congratulations.He always wished all the best to his disabled fellows and encouraged them,“Never mind!All you have isadequate to get your achievement.”阳的雄心是，要么获得一张建筑师证书，要么成为一名保龄球高手。但是在地下室里的显微镜下进行 试验时，放在长凳上的一只大桶突

778、然爆炸，把他从出口处炸飞了出去。当知道自己除了失去 70%的听力之 外，还失去了视力时，他完全喘不过气来。换句话说，他残疾了。最初，尽管没人取笑他，他还是非常气恼于自己的笨拙。他取消了 外出，总是在家里闲坐，和他的鹦 鹉和乌龟默默相对。他的姐姐辞了职，用许多方式帮助他。她的帮助和鼓励对他的心理是如此地有益，以 致他很快就适应了自己的残疾，再次变得外向起来。他在一所接受他就读的学校里学习政治和文学，总是 坐在靠近入口的前排，从不缺席。在他轻便好用的手提电脑的帮助下，他用听写的方式学习得很好。他的 论文废除奴隶制受到所有教授的一致认可。课后，他和伙伴们还常常演奏大声却适合他听觉的鼓乐。毕业后，他通

779、过设计软件为一家公司获得很高的利润。总之，在他的社区里，他赢得了自己的尊严和人们 的祝贺。他一直都把所有最好祝自己的成就！”愿给予他残疾的同伴，并鼓励他们：“没关系，你拥有的一切一定足够你 取得 32Happy Marriage Needs Fighting For幸福的婚姻需要争取 As a talented navy officer,he was bound to be busy.When his wife rang him up to declare her divorcealarm,he was still scanning a digital counter to check the

780、 data so as to give an assessment of the theoreticalframework for a biochemical weapon.His junior staffs sympathy made him feel embarrassed.His wife was a part-time clerk.With his high bonus,she lived in a grand house with elegant cushions andbedding.Her favour was reading stars biographies or absur

781、d fictions with endless chapters in her armchair.People envied her leisure life very much.But in fact,she was tired of being left alone.She sent emails to hismailbox every week to state her thinking and ask for his accompaniment,but never received reply of satisfaction.Tired of his explanation that

782、he must obey the orders,she filed for divorce.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 134 页（共 331 页）Because he desired to get their holy affection back,he set other affairs aside.He trimmed his fingernailsshort and changed his overweight figure as well as his awful haircut.He wore an apron

783、 to prepare deliciouscuisine for her.He also bought her a necklace and piles of flowers hoping that their receiver could turn around.After being tested out for 3 months in all,he eventually succeeded.作为一名才华出众的海军军官，他注定是要忙碌的。当他的妻子打来电话宣布和他离婚的警告时，他还在 查看 一台数码计数器核对数据，以对一种生物化学武器的理论框架做出评估。他的下级职员表现出的同情 使他很尴尬

784、。他的妻子是一位非全日性工作的职员，有了他的高津贴，她住在一所装饰有优雅垫子和寝具的富丽堂 皇的 屋子里。她的爱好是坐在扶手椅上读读明星们的传记或一些有没完没了章节的荒谬小说。别人都很妒 忌她安逸的生活，但是实际上，她厌透了被独自丢下。她每周都给他的邮箱发电子邮件陈述她的想法，要 求他的陪伴，但却从未收到满意答复。受够了他总是必须服从命令的解释，她提出了离婚。因为渴望重新获得这份神圣的爱，他把别的事务都放在一边。他剪短了指甲，改变了超重的身材和糟 糕的发型 ，还穿上围裙为她做可口的菜肴，他甚至还给她买了项链和成堆的鲜花，希望它们的接受者能够 回心转意。在被考验了总共 3 个月后，他最终成功了。

785、33.Mark and a Seal马克和海豹 Mark rented an accommodation with his pension near the shore.He paid annual visits there to enjoy thevivid beauty in the depths of the pure sea.Once,with his underwater telescope and flashlight,Mark dived along the boundary between the steep reefand the area of seaweed conser

786、vation.Suddenly,an awesome Antarctic seal with sharp teeth appeared oppositehim.Every cell in his body was scared to death.But soon,he was aware that he wasnt the target of an attack.With a neat wound in its lip caused by a shark,this grey seal was washed upside down by the tides time aftertime.But

787、it tried to jog Mark as if to urge him to help it.So Mark abandoned fleeing away.With its teamwork,Mark used a net to drag the seal to the shallow water.Without pausing he helped it out after a simple operationand settled it in a narrow cave by the seaside.Every time he brought it tasty fish,it woul

788、d yell and suck hishands happily.Witnesses said their anecdotes reflected a magic dimension of the relationship between humansand animals.马克用他的退休金在海岸边租了一间住所，每年都去那儿欣赏纯净的大海深处那生动的美丽。有一次，马克带着他的水下望远镜和手电筒，潜到陡峭的暗礁和海草保护区间的分界线。突然，一只 长着尖利牙齿、使人畏惧的南极海豹出现在他对面。马克吓坏了，但是很快，他就意识到，他不是攻击的 目标 。这只灰色海豹的唇上有道鲨鱼咬出的整齐伤口，还时不时

789、地被潮水冲得头上脚下。尽管如此，它却 总是努力轻轻碰撞马克，似乎在催促他帮助它。于是马克放弃了逃跑。在这只海豹的合作下，马克用一张 网 把它拖到浅水区，并毫不停歇给它动了一个简单的手术，帮助它解决了问题，然后将它安置在海边一个 狭窄的洞里。每次当马克给它带来鲜美可口的鱼时，它就会高兴地大声叫唤，还吮吸他的手。目击者都说 他们的轶事映射出人与动物关系中奇妙的一个方面。34.Helping the Remote Village援助山村 A year ago,the famous astronaut received an invitation by airmail from a remote vi

790、llage.Intending to sniffsome fresh air,he and his interpreter paid a fortnight visit there.It was a privilege for them to be there,but theywere shocked by what they saw.The tracks were muddy.The river was drying up.Most villagers only possessedone broom,a few tins and several jars and their rectangu

791、lar grass huts with round angles were surrounded byweeds.Besides,their school had no roof and platform,and the students had no concept of clicking a computer atall.They were badly in need.Soon,the astronaut made a generous voluntary donation to the village.There were textbooks for students,sewing ma

792、chines for tailors and tractors for farmers.His distribution catalogue also included operating a中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 135 页（共 331 页）clinic and a trunk library,as well as giving weekly lessons to teach relevant farming knowledge like how to dryout seeds or raise oxen.He hi

793、mself not only helped do some paperwork but also purchased grills for boys to toast potatoes and combs for girls who were dying to get one.The other day,he heard from the villagers againinviting him to participate in the donation anniversary.For political and security reasons,he couldnt adjusthis ou

794、tgoing arrangement-otherwise he would go.But his deeds were remembered forever.一年前，那位著名的宇航员收到一份由一个偏远村庄通过航空邮件寄来的邀请。因为想要呼吸一下新鲜空 气，他和翻译到那儿做了一次两周的访问。当地之行使他们倍感荣幸，但却震惊于所见所闻。泥泞的道 路、河流干枯，大部分的村民拥有的财产只不过是一只扫帚、几个瓶瓶罐罐而已，圆角的矩形草屋四周长满了 杂草 ，学校也没有屋顶和讲台，学生们更对点击操作电脑毫无概念。他们生活确实相当困难。很快，宇航员就向村庄做了慷慨的自愿捐赠。捐赠品中有给学生的课本，给裁缝的缝

795、纫机，还有给农 民的拖拉机。捐赠金的分配目录中还包括一间诊所和一间书箱图书馆的运作，并有传授像怎么使种子干透，或者怎么养牛这种相关农业知识的每周课程。他自己不仅亲自帮助做一些文书工作，还给男孩子们购买了 烤马铃薯的烤架、给渴望得到梳子的女孩子们买了梳子。前几天，他又收到了村民们邀请他参加捐赠周年 会的来信。出于政治和安全原因，他无法调整外出时间安排，否则他就会去了。不过他所做的一切村民们 都永远记得。35.Study in America留学美国 Nannans father runs an enterprise near the Ming Tombs selling batteries an

796、d drills to the Daqing Oilfield.Hoping to get the qualification to help govern it,Nannan made much preparation and then left her motherlandwith her visa to study in America.Having reached her destination,she settled in an inn recommended by thetravel agent.As far as Nannan was concerned,she always k

797、ept it up in China.But she had to acknowledge it was noteasy to adjust herself to the new academic requirements,which were not parallel with Chinas.Though shewas occupied with lectures and seminars day in and day out,the essays she drafted were still contradicted byher tutors.As for her routine life

798、,she felt that it was hard to fit in,too.For example,she found English idiomsdifficult to understand.And it was out of the question to eat delicious Chinese foods though many optionalcafeterias served abundant substitutes.In addition,she had to wait in a queue early for the minibus that tookher to s

799、chool and it was usually so cold that she felt numb.What bothered her most was that she received no apology when her sleeping was disturbed by a barking dog in a shopkeepers cage.Luckily,with her parents comforting her by videophone,she became autonomous soon and eventually gother bachelors degree s

800、uccessfully.楠楠的父亲在明陵附近经营一家企业，销售电池和钻机到大庆油田。抱着获得相应资格帮助管理的希 望，楠楠做了大量准备，然后带着签证离开祖国去美国留学。抵达目的地后，她在一间旅行代理推荐的旅 馆安顿下来。就楠楠而言，她在国内一直保持着良好的状态，但是在国外，她却不得不承认，要适应新 学院的要求 不容易，它们和国内的要求不相同。尽管她整天都忙着听讲座、参加研讨会努力学习，她起草的论文还是 被导师驳了回来。至于日常生活，她也感觉难于适应，例如，她发觉英语成语很难理解，而且不可能吃到 地道的中国食品，尽管可选的许多餐馆都有提供丰富的替代品。此外，她还得冒着把人冻得麻木的寒冷早 起排队

801、等小型巴士去学校。最使她烦恼的是，一名店主笼子里的狗的吠叫闹得她睡不好觉，但却没有任何 人向她道歉。幸运的是，在她父母通过可视电话的安慰下，她很快就锻炼得自主独立起来，并最终成功获得了学士 学位。36.Immigrate to America移民美国 Attracted by the boom in America,my nephew teamed up with a Korean to illegally cross the BearingStrait in the Arctic to America.To avoid the Customs punishment,they hid in a

802、 small ferry called the North中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 136 页（共 331 页）Pole Seagull,sitting back to back without sleeping,showering and shaving for 3 days,and had no chance tomourn their lost luggage when landing.The hardship of this crossing was apparent.At first,he made a liv

803、ing by means of raising cattle and then was hired in aircraft industries.He lived in a Catholic district.Taking in a small percentage of Pakistani immigrants,the majority of the residents were fromItaly and Denmark,who all kept up their customs and cultures.Different blocks here were distinctly mark

804、edout and indicated from the racial angle.It was unfair and needed reforming.But with nowhere else to go,mynephew lived on and managed to make a life for himself.My nephews fortune came when he bravely helped a conductor brake a ream to stop it from slipping outof the rails.The man was elected vice

805、chairman of the Socialist Party later.It occurred to my nephew that hecould grasp this opportunity to ask for his help.The man who was thankful helped him apply to the civilauthority for the right to live in America by inserting his brave deed into his documents.Unlike a great manyother applicants,h

806、is application was approved by the Federal Justice Ministry.Before long,he started his ownbakery and lived a better life.因为受到美国繁荣的吸引，我的侄子与一名韩国人合作，从北极的 白令海峡偷渡到美国。为了避开海 关的惩处，他们躲在一艘叫“北极海鸥”的渡轮里，背靠背坐着，整整 3 天没有睡觉、洗澡和刮胡子，上岸 的时候也没有机会心痛他们丢失的行李，这次横渡的艰辛是显而易见的。起初，他借助饲养牲畜谋生，后来受雇于飞机制造工业。他住的地方是一个天主教区，除了包括一小 部分（百分比

807、）的巴基斯坦移民，大部分的居民都来自于意大利和丹麦，他们都保持着自己的风俗和文化，使这里的街区都从种族的角度清楚地划出界线，明确标示。这很不公平，极需改革，但我的侄子没别的地 方可去，只好继续居住下去，想法设法开始新的生活。我侄子的好运在他勇敢地帮助一名列车员刹停一列电车以防止其滑出轨道时到来了。那个人后来被选 为社会党的副主席，我侄子就想到应该抓住机会请求他的帮助。这个人充满感激，立即把我侄子的勇敢事 迹插入到申请文件中，帮助我侄子向美国国内政权当局申请美国居住权。不像别的许多申请人，我侄子的 申请很快被联邦司法部批准了。不久，他就开了自己的面包店，过上了稍好一点的生活。37.Be Care

808、ful about Cloning谨慎对待克隆 After a series of initial experiments and corrections,the scientists hard work paid off when the twin cloneturkeys were hatched with normal feather and claws.This breakthrough possibly enabled people to bring theiradored pets back to life.However,it bothered him from time to

809、time that their health was in poor conditionbecause they were unable to resist illnesses.This drawback cast him down.Merely 2 weeks later,the clonesand their carrier died,which struck frustration into his heart.He retired before he attained his ambition andbecame a member of an opera chorus to relie

810、ve his depression.Shortly afterwards,the media published a conservative argument objecting to cloning owing to moralproblems,and suggested the constitution include compulsory regulations to forbid obtaining commercialprofits from cloning.When interviewed,the scientist stared at the decorations on th

811、e ceiling,thinking for a while,and then said,“Im not in favour of any arbitrary assumption,but undertaking cloning does differ from the straightforwardprocedure of making loafs out of flour.Until we accumulate enough exact knowledge,any practice is in vainand is bound to fail.Altogether,being more c

812、areful is reasonable or we may walk into a side road.”在最初一系列的实验和修正之后，科学家的辛苦工作终于取得了成功，一对双生的克隆火鸡孵化出来，羽毛 和爪子都很正常。这一突破或许能让人们使他们喜爱的宠物死而复生。然而，使他不时地烦恼的是，因为它们无法抵抗疾病，使得它们的健康状况极差。这个缺点让他很沮丧。仅仅过了 2 个星期，克隆体和 母体 都死亡了，这使他内心里充满了挫折，他也因此在达到自己目标前就退休了，并选择加入歌剧合唱团 来减轻消沉的感觉。之后不久，媒体 就因为道德问题而发表了反对克隆的保守论点，并且建议宪法应该包括强制性的法规 禁止

813、通过克隆获得商业利益。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 137 页（共 331 页）当被采访时，科学家盯着天花板上的装饰物思考了一会儿，说：“我不赞成任何任意的假设，但是从 事克隆与用面粉制作面包的简单过程确实不大相同。在我们积累了足够的准确知识前，任何实际操作都是 徒劳无功的，注定会失败。总而言之，更加谨慎地对待克隆是合理的，否则我们或许会误入歧途。”38.Strange Patent Applications奇怪的专利申请 I set about working in the current Patent Office af

814、ter resigning from the court personnel.Competent anddynamic,I never feel passive while diving into the identifications of whether applications are valid andpractical according to the new version of the criteria.。有一次，有个人用不锈钢丝和绳子制作了一架三角形 的直升飞机。他致电给我们，高兴地声称其确实牢固，而且方便使用，从不发生故障。我请他稍等，但这 个天真的人挂了电话就开始从院子里起

815、飞。我拨打他在电话簿上的号码试图回电给他，却无法接通。With the expectation of distinguishing their own importance,some people leave the beaten track and filestrange products with us now and then,for example,lantern that can be attached on your forehead,cubicwalnuts,refrigerator made of straw and glue,perfume that nobody can b

816、ear to smell,and so on.为了显示与 众不同，时不时就有人违反常规，向我们提交一些奇怪的产品申请，例如固定在前额的信号灯、立方体的 胡桃、用稻草和胶水制作的冰箱、没人能受得了的香水等 Once,a man made a triangle helicopter out of stainless wires and string.He called us up and merrilyclaimed it was stable and convenient to use,and never out of order.I asked him to hang on,but this

817、innocentman just rang off and set out to fly from his courtyard.I dialed his number in the directory trying to ring himback,but never got through.从法院人事部辞职后，我开始在现在的专利局工作。我工作起来既称职又有活 力 ，在投身于根据新版的申请标准鉴定专利申请，以防他们无效或不实用时，我从未感觉到消极没劲 Merciful God blessing,an abrupt freezing rainfall made his powder wet.Luc

818、kily,the trouble was withoutany extension except that he crashed into a greengrocers making all the ripe fruits become messy jam.Whenpeople seized this crazy man with caution and sobered him by tapping his face,he complained about the badweather instead of associating his failure with his unscientif

819、ic design.仁慈的上帝保佑，一场突然降临的冻雨打湿了他的火药，使他造成的麻烦没有扩大，只是撞入一间水 果店，把所有成熟的水果都压成一塌糊涂的果酱。当人们小心地抓住这个失去理智的人，轻轻拍打他的脸 使他清醒过来时，他还在抱怨糟糕的坏天气，却没有将他的失败与他不科学的设计联系起来。39.Pronunciation and Status口音与身份 An ambassador and a referee were consulting a professor on the caption of a Buddhistic alphabet when a sobbing woman stopped

820、 them to sell an antique musical bathtub.Her dirty garment and the handkerchiefaround her waist were badly in need of sending to a laundry.The ambassador uncomfortably gave her a handful of pence from his wallet and said,“Take this fortune away,troublesome woman.”When her figure faded away,the brill

821、iant professor said,“You are mistaken and your improper remark onher should be condemned.In terms of this extraordinary woman,you cant classify her status by her horribleclothes or disgusting nails.Her clean woolen vest and stockings,especially her classic pronunciation,allsuggested her upper status

822、.”The ambassador gave a whistle in amazement,and advised making heracquaintance.The professor hesitated for a while,then compromised.The outcome was that she was an authentic superior police officer.When they were shown in her officeand saw her once more,she brought them a teapot of tea and some coo

823、kies,laughing and saying,“I rubbed somecream and wax on my garment and passed myself off as a shabby woman among thieves and robbers toinvestigate a plot.Generally speaking,your overlooking me and my adaptation are the best help.But mypronunciation seemed to have betrayed me.”一位大使和一位裁判正在就一张佛教符号表的文字说

824、明请教教授，这时，一名哭哭啼啼的女人把他们 拦住，要卖给他们一个古董音乐澡盆，她肮脏的衣服和腰间的手帕都急需送到洗衣店清洗。大使很不舒服 地从钱包里掏出一把便士说：“把这大笔钱拿走，麻烦的女人！”中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 138 页（共 331 页）等她的身影渐渐远去，那位才华横溢的教授说：“你错了，你对她不适当的评论语应该受到谴责。就 这个不同寻常的女人来说，你不能根据她糟糕的衣服或令人恶心的指甲给她的身份地位分类。她干净的羊 毛背心和袜子，尤其是她一流的发音，都暗示着她的上层身份。”大使惊奇地吹了声口哨，建议去认识她

825、。教授犹豫了一会儿，最后妥协了。结果呢，她真的是一位高级警官。当他们被带进她的办公室再次见到她时，她给他们拿来一壶茶和一 些饼干，笑着说：“我把奶油和蜡涂在大衣上假扮成寒酸肮脏的女人混进在小偷和抢劫犯中间，是为了调 查一宗阴谋。通常说来，你们对我的忽视和我对此的适应就是最好的帮助。但是我的发音似乎暴露了我啊。”40.A Sly Murder一宗狡猾的谋杀案 When giving a lecture about the significance of punctuation,the academic professor was interrupted andarrested by the po

826、lice for murdering his wife,a receptionist of a kindergarten.The police found some photos hedeleted from their e-album showing that they used to have a gay life.But,fed up with her wrinkled face,hemurdered her instead of divorcing her to avoid fortune division.He cut up a kind of seashell with a sha

827、rpenedknife,and hammered it into powder on a skateboard,and made at most one gram,which was enough toaccelerate ones pulse until he or she dies.This kind of poison can date back to 10,000 BC when people rubbedit on spears to kill beasts.The professor mixed the poison with onion,watermelon and yogurt

828、 for his wife.Howling and scratching her chest,she felt dizzy and died soon.那位学院的教授在发表关于标点符号重要意义的演讲时被警察打断了，他因谋杀自己的妻子一位 幼儿园 的接待员而被逮捕。警察找到了一些被他从电子相册里删除的照片，照片表明，他们曾经有过 快乐的生活，但是，因为厌烦了妻子起皱的脸，他杀死她而不是和她离婚以避免离婚时的财产分割。他用 一把磨利的小刀切碎一种贝壳，然后在滑板上锤打成粉末，最多 1 克就足以加速人的脉搏直到其死亡。这 种毒药可以追溯到公元前 10，000 年，当时它就被涂抹在长予上杀死野兽。教授

829、把这种毒药混合在洋葱、西瓜和酸奶里给他的妻子，后者叫喊、抓挠胸口、头晕目眩，很快就死了。在初步检查之后，警察设想她是死于心脏病。但是系统的植物学分析却表明，吐在凌乱的席子和被子 上的西瓜有毒。敏锐而又技术娴熟的警察不顾疲劳和饥饿，用放射性的设选择的 设备原始，且数量不足，他们还是设法取得了完美的准确度。备确定了毒素的种类。尽管可供 After tentative examination,the police assumed she died of heart disease.But systematicbotanicalanalyses showed that the watermelon s

830、pit on the messy mat and the quilt was poisonous.Regardless ofexhaustion and starvation,the acute and skilful policemen used radioactive equipment to makesurethecategory of the poison.Primitive and not ample as their alternative equipment was,they got perfect accuracysomehow.People applauded the pol

831、ice and the womans family can look ahead with relief now.人们都为警察欢呼鼓掌，而那位女人的家人现在也可以带着欣慰为将来打算了。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 139 页（共 331 页）备考手册四 高考完形填空常用词汇总结 1“看”动词类 look 看的动作/see 看的结果 watch 观察/observe 为了研究进行的观察 Notice 注意/catch sight of 看见/stare 好奇地看/glare 瞪着看 Glance 瞅见/glimpse 瞥见 s

832、ee a filmwatch TV2“说”telll sth to sb.=tell sb sth 告诉的内容 talk with sb about sth 强调说话者之间的交流 Say sth 诉说的内容 speak in English 说的语言 whisper sth to sb 耳语 Inform sb of sth 通知某人某事 talk/persuade sb into doing sth 说服某人做某事 Bargain 讨价还价 chat 聊天 repeat 重复 explain 解释 warn 警告 remind 提醒 Discuss 讨论 debate 辩论 figure 指

833、出 declare 宣布 claim 自称 mention 提起 admit 承认 deny 否认 describe 描述 announce 公布 introduce 介绍 complain 抱怨 3“叫”cry 哭叫 call 叫 shout 大喊 scream 尖叫 moan 呻吟 sigh 叹气 quarrel 大吵 4“问”ask 询问 interview 采访 express 表达 question 审问 5“答”answer 回答 respond 回应(用其他方式回应)reply 回复 6“听”listen to 听的动作 hear 听的结果 pick up 收听 overhear

834、 无意听到 7“写”dictate 听写 write sth 写 describe 描写 drop a line 写信 draw 画 take down/write down 写下，记下 8“拿/放”take 拿走 bring 拿来 hold 举着 carry 扛，挑（无方向性）fetch 拿来拿去 lift 举 Put 放 lay 铺/放置 pull 拉/push 推 9“抓”take hold of 抓着 seize 紧抓 grasp 握住 scratch 抠 10“打”hit 一次性的打击 beat 不间断的打击 strike 突然的击打/突然想到 blow 吹刮 attack 攻击 1

835、1“扔”throw 扔 drop 掉 放弃 错过 fall 倒下无意掉下来 wave 招手 shake 摇 12“送”send 寄送 deliver 递送 give 给 offer 主动给予 see off 给某人送行 13“摸/抱”touch 摸 fold 折叠 embrace 拥抱 hug 抱/hold 握 in ones arms14“踢/碰”kick 踢 knock 敲 tip 轻敲 15“行”walk run climb jump skip 单腿跳 slip 溜 come/go enter 进入 move 搬迁 一、动词类 二、名词类 三、形容词类 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年

836、 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 140 页（共 331 页）drive 开车 ride 骑 fly crawl 匍匐前进 16“坐”sit down be seated seat oneself take a seat/stand 站，耸立/lean 斜靠 17“睡/休息”lie/on ones back/on one side/on ones stomachstay in bedhave a resttake a nap 打盹 be asleepbend turn over 翻身 18“笑”smile 微笑（不出声）laughburst into laugh

837、terburst out laughing19“哭”cry shed tears 留泪 weep 呜咽地哭 sob 抽泣 burst into tears/burst out crying20“找/查”find 找到 look for 正在找过程 find out 查明 discover/explore 发现/探索 hunt for search for seek/seek for in search of 寻找 Search sb 搜身 search sp.for sth 为某物而搜寻某地 Check 检查，核实 examine 考察发现问题/体检 test 检测，检验 inspect 视察

838、 21“穿”put on 动作 wear 穿戴 have on 试穿 be dressed in 穿的状态 make-up 化装 get changed 换衣服 be in red Take off 脱 remove 去除 22“吃/喝”eat/drink sip 吮吸 have a mealhave suppertoasttastetreat sb to 请某人吃 help oneself to 随便吃 23“得”get obtain acquire 获得知识和技能 gain possess24“失”lose 丢了 be lost/be missing 人错过失踪，不见 gone 不见（物）

839、great loss die die off 相继死去 die away 逐渐消失 25“有”have 有 own 是自己的 conquer 征服 occupy 占有=possess26“无”nothingleft the remaining thingdisappearbe missing/gone27“增/减”rise/go up/drop人主动抬价 raise/bring down/reduce increase/decrease28“买/卖”buypurchaseaffordpaypay offpay for sell on salebargainBill/cheque/cash/cr

840、edit card notes/coins discounts29“存在/消失”come into being exist appear survive live show turn upDisappear die die out pass away be out of sight 30“变化”developimprovebecomegrowgo+bad/wrong/sour/without（negative adj.）turn+colour change/change intoreform31“认识的过程”中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语

841、备考手册 第 141 页（共 331 页）feelsenseguesssupposewonderdoubtknow/learn realizeUnderstandrememberbe familiar withrecall reciteapply to32“成功/失败 make it succeedmake progress come truerealize ones dream winLose fail to dofailuredefeatsufferlossbeatturn sth.Into reality33“努力”try/managemake effortsattempt do one

842、s bestdo as much as one can to do34 祝贺 congratulations on sbcelebrate observe 庆祝 get together 聚会 35 赞美/批评 praisethink highly of/blame sb for sth/sb is to blamecriticize/scold sb.for sth.have a low opinion of sbSpeak ill of36 喜/恶 like love be fond of be keen on be crazy about adore be into prefer enj

843、oy in favor of Dislike hate beawful/disgusting ignore turn off37 判断 think believe consider find feel conclude infer doubt38 到达 arrive at reach return to get to stay in sp visit leave leave foron ones way to upon ones arrival on doing sth39 受伤 hurt injured wound cut kill drown bleed get burnt suffer

844、fromsuffer a loss40 损坏 damage destroy ruin break down be broken crash41 修复 repairrebuildrestorefixrecover oneself42 支持/反对 agreedisagreeacceptreceiverefuseturn downbe againstelectvote for/against43 做饭 cookwashcutchopboilfrysteammakemixcleanbrushcoveruncovercooker44 建议 advisesuggestrecommendurgepropos

845、edemandpersuade 说服 45 花费 sth/doingsth+costsb+spend+in doing sthSb+afford+n/to do sthIt+take some time/money/energy+to do sth sb+pay+$for sth.at ones expense46 省/存钱 save/save upsetasideputawayspareno effort/time47 参加 take part in join/join inattendcompete in/for/against48 控告 accuse sb.of charge sb.Wi

846、th中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 142 页（共 331 页）49 救治 help/help out save/rescue sb from sth.Treat 过程/cure 结果 sb.Of sthAid sb in doing sth/to do sthhelp sb with sthassist sb in doing sth50 敬佩 admirerespectshow respect for/to adore envy/be jealousyin honor of51 逃避 ran awayescape from

847、fleehide52 阻止/禁止 prevent/keep/stop sb.From doing sth forbid doing sth.Ban prohibit53 对付/处理 handle/do with/deal with/tackle/overcome sthsolve settle54 效仿 copy imitatelearn from learn54 爆发/发生 come abouthappen totake placebreak outburst outgo offexplosion55 安装/装备 fastenfixsetequipbe armed with 用什么武装 be

848、 equipped with 装备有 56 追求 pursuitranafterseek afterchasecatch up with 赶上 keep up with 跟上 57 想/考虑 think of 考虑/+as 把什么看成 think about 想起 considerthink over 仔细考虑 be concerned 担心 be considerate towards sb.58 打算 plan/intend/design to dobe going to do/be about to do/will do59 似乎/好象 seemappearlooklike as ifa

849、s though60 开办/关闭 open start set up close/closeupend close down名词类 1 假期 vacationholidayspringbreakask for leavebe on holidayhave two days off2 旅游 tripjourneytourvoyagetraveltouristpassenger gocamping/picnicking/hiking3 职务人员 clerksecretarypasser-by friendminister managerwaitressguesthost hostessAssist

850、antcustomeradultneighbor relativepatient/vetstaffcrew nurse teacherConductortailorsailorinventorgardenerguard4 餐馆/定餐/就餐 inn restaurantkitchenmenubillordertipfork and knife reserve/book tableTastedelicioussaladdashvegetablesfruittraynapkin5 诊所/看病/服药 clinichospitaltake ones temperaturetake medicine/pi

851、llshave a fever/flu/headachedoctorphysiciansurgeonspecialistpatient中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 143 页（共 331 页）6 车站/机场 airporton boardmiss the train/buscatch a train meet sb.7 身体部位 armheadhairbrainwaistbackshoulderpulsewrist8 意志 willcouragepatiencedeterminationfaitheffortconfiden

852、ceambition energy9 才能/品质 talentgiftabilitypotentialintelligentpromisingsmartstupid careful proudStricthonestcoldseriouseasy-goinglearnedknowledgeable10 优缺点 advantagedisadvantagestrengthweakness11 目标 aimgoalintentionpurposebelieffaith12 方式 meansmethodwaymannerapproach13 身体素质 strong weak pale sick ill

853、 be well keep slim/fit cut weight/put on weight14 图表 photopicturegraphdrawingtableline/bargraphpie chartdraw a sketch 划草图 15 文章 readingtranslationessaypoempapernovel/fictionarticlemagazine newspaper journal 日志 diary 日记 Filesformmake a list of16 课堂 classcourselecture examplereasonmessagenoteswordsphr

854、ase scholarship degreeSubject question troubledifficultygradesread comment marks17 学校活动 matchgameactivityhold a meeting/debate/speech/ceremony18 建议/观点 advicesuggestionideaproposalviewrecommandation19 气候/天气 climate weather storm windy cloudy rainy snow hot/cold/freezing/heat/warmth20 交通 by train/bus/

855、boat bike on the train/bus/a bike drive a car ride a bikegive sb.a lift/ride21 习惯 habitcustomget used toregular 有规律的（形容词）practice 惯例（名词）22 感觉 sighthearingtouchsmellsense23 情感 feelingemotionangerdelightsadnesssorrow24 财富 moneypossessionswealthbelongingsfortunestreasurediamondbe rich/well-off25 运动比赛 中

856、山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 144 页（共 331 页）on the playgroundon the track and filedpitcheventgamematch sportsplayerCoachjudgejoggingweightliftingplay volleyball/soccer/26 衣服 clothes,cloth,clothingclothes 统指各种衣服，谓语动词永远是复数，cloth 指布，为不可数名词 clothing服装的总称，指一件衣服用 a piece of,an article o

857、f27 事件 incident,accidentincident 指小事件,accident 指不幸的事故 形容词类 1 人的各种感受 乐 happydelightedto ones joypleasedamused悲 sadunhappypainfulbitter平静 calmquietsilent/stillpeaceful烦 botherboredbe fed up with震惊 surprisedastonishedshocked/amazed怕 in fearbe frightened/scared/afraid失望 desperatedisappointedhopelessbe d

858、epressed满意 be satisfied with/be content to do生气 Annoyedangrydisgustingburst into rage2 表程度的副词类 narrowly/Nearly/almost hardly/hard extremely/very very/quiteAccidently/once in a while occasionaly/once far/by farFarther/further better/worse be well/good however/therefore/so/thus易考的近义词组 Run/manage grow/

859、plant leave/remain fit/suit/matchHit/beat/strike meet/satisfy touch/feel play/performerContain/hold/seat/fill lie/sit/locate help/work/doFall/sink/drop matter/problem/trouble/money/accountCause/reason thats why/thats because because/since,as/forLast/continue keep/stay/treat/cure/operate separate/div

860、ideStand/bear/tolerate/hold turn/become/go change/vary/rangeProvide/supply/offer/give/send中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 145 页（共 331 页）备考手册五 短文改错、语法填空、阅读理解、阅读补全及完形填空解题技巧（一）短文改错解题技巧 一、分清错误的类型，对症下药 1缺词 短文改错中所缺的词常常是冠词、介词、代词等虚词，它通常与词的搭配相关，比如：见到 名词，应考虑是否缺了冠词；见到动词，可注意后面是否少了应与之搭配的介词或其他词；

861、见到某些固定表达，如 in fact，as soon as 等，应考虑是否完整；还有某些短语加冠词与不加 冠词意义不同，如 in front of，in the front of；某些短语加介词与不加介词用法不同，如：as a result，as a result of。高考常考点具体如下表所示：命题角度 考查点 解题思路 名词 冠词 名词前是否缺冠词 动词 介词或代词 不及物动词后是否缺介词，及物动词后是否缺少 代词 不定式 不定式符号 to不定式中是否缺少了不该省略的不定式符号 to 被动语态 助动词 be被动语态中是否缺少了助动词 be 固定表达 习惯表达法 习惯表达法中是否漏了不可缺少

862、的词 典型例题：In the car park there Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind alorry.答案及分析：在 as 后加 a。car 是可数名词，此处表示“有一辆汽车冲了过来”，表泛指，故要用 a。For example，how many times have you walked out of a room and left the lights or televisionwhen no one else was there?答案及分析：在 television 后

863、面加 on。句意：例如，当那里没人的时候，有多少次你让电灯或电视开着就离 开了房间？leave.on 表示“让开着”。There was one in particular Id always wanted.I put into my pocket when he wasnt looking.答案及分析：在 put 后加 it。及物动词 put 后缺少宾语，代替“我特别想要的那个玩具”要用 it。2多词 短文改错中多余的词常常是虚词，如冠词、介词、代词、副词、连词等。一种是根据涉及的 名词、动词的特点等判断是否多了冠词、介词、副词或其他词；另一种是根据全句的结构和 意义，判断是否多了连词或其他

864、词。高考常考点具体如下表所示：命题角度 考查点 解题思路 名词 冠词 抽象名词、物质名词、复数名词表泛指是否 多了冠词 动词 介词 及物动词后受母语影响是否多了介词 不定式 不定式符号 to不定式是否多了应该省略的不定式符号 to 时间或地 点状语 介词 时间或地点状语中是否多用了介词 形容词、副词 比较结构 形容词、副词比较结构中是否多了 more 或 most固定表达 习惯表达法 习惯表达中是否画蛇添足 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 146 页（共 331 页）典型例题：Otherwise，it is impossibl

865、e for them to help each other and to make their friendship to last long.答案及分析：把 last 前的 to 去掉。make 表示“使，让”，后面接宾语补足语时，用省略 to 的不定式，构成 make sb do sth 结构。Every one of us can make a great efforts to cut down the use of energy in our country.答案及分析：把 great 前的 a 去掉或者把 efforts 改为 effort。固定表达 make an effort 或

866、者 make efforts 表示“努 力”。I guessed，even at that age，I would never be able to enjoy to playing with the toy or face mycousin again；I would always know Id done something wrong.答案及分析：把 enjoy 后的 to 去掉。固定表达 enjoy doing.表示“喜欢做某事”。3错词 错词是短文改错题中最主要的错误类型，错词的情况最为复杂，大致可分为虚词选择错误，实词用法错误，同(近)义、形似词选择错误等。但常见的还是搭配错误与语

867、法错误，特别是 平时写作时常出的错误最易为命题者所关注，对于平时常常疏忽、易出错的地方要精心改正，做题时更要小心仔细。高考常考点具体见前面的第二部分短文改错错误类型分析。二、保持原意的原则 做题时应遵循保持句子原意的原则，即不能随便改变文章或作者所表达的意思，包括其语气 和上下文的逻辑关系，只对短文中的用词错误、语法错误、行文逻辑关系错误进行改正，且 小改不能大改。换词不能改意，加词不能增意，去词不能减意。如有多种改法，应以保持原 意为条件，择其善者而从之。典型例题：The more friends we have，the more we can learn for one another，a

868、nd the more pleasure we can share together.答案及分析：*for改为 from。固定表达 learnfromsb向某人学习，符合语境。也有同学把 for改为 about，learn about 了解的有关情况，但改变了原意，作者想说的是“相互学习”，而不是“相互了 解情况”。They finally dropped Gina off at her parents and made our own way home.答案及分析：将 They改为 We。根据语篇和后面的 ourownway 和句意可知，这里指的是“我们”。也有同 学把 our 改为 the

869、ir，但改变了原意，整篇文章叙述用的是第一人称，如果改成 their 就与语篇 的人称不相符。1括号内提供的是动词（二）语法填空解题技巧 高考英语语法填空有提示词解题技巧 首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后根据以下两点进行思考。若句中没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系时，所 给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态和语态。如：Actually I believed I would work for a few years，get(marry)，stay home and raise afamily，so I didnt think the

870、job I took mattered that much.这个小题主要考查单句层次上的语法结构。该题的关键是判断宾语从句中有 4 个谓语动词，中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 147 页（共 331 页）在从句中作并列谓语。I believed I would work for a few years.I would get(marry).I would stay home.I would raise a family.答案 married很清楚，get married 在句子中与 I would 构成“主系表”结构。get

871、married 强调一种已婚的状态，相当于 be married。如果没有 get 在前面，只能填入 marry 作谓语。显然语言的形式要结合上 下文语境综合考虑，才能符合交际的需要。若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词；若是非谓语动词就 要确定是 v.ing 形式，ed 形式，还是不定式。确定的方法主要有：作主语或宾语，通常用 v.ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。如：.but it is not enough only(memorize)rulesfrom a grammar book.答案 memorizing分析这个句子的成分可知，应该是 m

872、emorizing.作真正的主语，前面的 it 是形式主语。作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词(v.ing)；若是被动关系，用过去分词(done)。如：(see)from the top of the tower，the southfoot of the mountain is a sea of trees.答案 Seen 从句中“is”可判断句中已有谓语了，表明句子不缺谓语，可知所给提示词“see”在句中应该是 不作谓语的动词形式，即非谓语动词形式；此时就可以利用三个步骤来分析决定用哪一种非 谓语形式了：第一，“see”的逻辑主语就是句子的主语“the south f

873、oot of themountain”；第二，“the south foot of the mountain”和“see”之间是被动关系；第三，动词的过去分词表示被动关系，因此应填“Seen”。It rained heavily in the south，(cause)serious flooding in several provinces.答案 causing 从句中“rained”可判定句子已有谓语了，说明所给提示词“cause”在句中作非谓语，“cause”与逻 辑主语之间是主动关系，即“大雨导致洪涝”；现在分词表示主动关系，因此应填“causing”，作结果状语。2括号内提供的是形容

874、词或副词 如果括号内提供的是形容词，一般是考查副词，即要变成副词形式；如果括号内提供的是副 词，一般是考查形容词，即要变成形容词形式。如：(actual)I believed I would work for a fewyears，get married，stay home and raise afamily，so I didntthink the job I took mattered that much.答案 More actually该空需要填入副词 actually 在句子中作状语。有的考生填入 more actually，虽然词性是对的，但是这里没有上下文比较的关系，逻辑语义不同，考

875、生不能将语言的语法规则和语用功能有 效地结合。再如：“Thirtyfive cents，”she said(rude)答案 rudely此处考查副词作状语的用法。括号内提供的是形容词，要用来修饰动词 said，所以要使用副词形式。但有时也要根据语境判断是否要变成名词或否定含义。如：At last，her courage and(wise)impressedboth the CEO and Princeton University.答案 wisdom括号内提供的是形容词，但此空与前面的名词 courage 是并列成分，一起充 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高

876、考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 148 页（共 331 页）当主语，所以要使用名词形式 wisdom。另外，通常有表示范围的 in/of 介词短语或形容词前有 the 时，一般要用最高级；than 的前面 一定要用比较级。如：One of the(bad)gift choices I ever madewas for my high school English teacher.因为这里是 one of the名词复数的形式，表示其中之一，因此范围是三者或三者以上，因此形容词需要用最高级的形式 worst。3括号内提供的是名词 括号内提供的如果是名词，尤其是单数名词，就应该考虑空格处是否需要填冠

877、词(a，an，the)、物主代词(my，your，his 等)、指示代词(this，that 等)、不定代词(few，little，many，much，all，each，every，both，neither，other 等)、名词所有格或形容词等对名词进行修饰。相反，如果给出的名词是在冠词、物主代词、指示代词、不定代词、名词所有格或形容词 之后，则应考虑填名词。但不要忘记，要考虑名词是否变复数，是否用所有格形式等。如：One of my fathers favorite答案 sayings(say)as I was growing up was“Try it！”这道题主要考查考生在特定语境中正

878、确使用名词复数的能力。考查考生是否知道“one of名 词的复数形式”在句子中作主语，谓语动词用单数形式。本句中 as 引导时间状语从句，表达的功能是“时空”概念。该从句没有直接放在主句之后，而 是进行了插入，放在了主句的主语之后，进行强调。完整的主句是：One of my fathers favorite(say)was“Try it”从该句的主系表结构中可以看出，one of my fathers favorite(say)在句子中作主语。say 要做两次转换：首先要转换成为名词；再将名词转为相应的复数形式。say 的名词是 saying，其复数形式是 sayings。考生如果写对了 sa

879、ying 只是做到了词形正确，同时还要保持单词的正 确。所以正确答案是 sayings。当括号内提供的是名词时，还可能考查形容词。如：There，my voice sounds really(wonder)because theres a slight echo to it.答案 wonderful括号内提供的是名词，但此空作系动词 sounds 的表语，所以要使用形容词 形式。有时也可能考查副词、动词等。如：A certain man planted a rose and watered it(faith)and before it blossomed，he examinedit.答案 fa

880、ithfully括号内提供的是名词，但此空在句中作状语，修饰动词 watered，所以要变 成副词。注意：先将名词 faith 变成形容词 faithful，然后再变成副词 faithfully。（三）阅读理解解题技巧 社会生活类 主旨大意题解题技巧【考题探究】阅读理解中非常重要的一个技巧就是在阅读中迅速地抓住文章或段落的主旨大意，也就是中 心思想。一篇文章通常是围绕一个中心思想展开的。要领悟文章的主旨大意，这就需要考生 具备归纳和概括等方面的能力。而这种归纳和概括能力又常常是考试中考查的重点。研读高考真题，我们会总结出，对于文章或段落的主旨概括设问的形式一般是：1The main idea

881、of the passage(text)is 2The text(passage)is mainly about 3What does the passage mainly discuss(deal with)?中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 149 页（共 331 页）4Which of the following sentences best expresses the main idea?5The main point of the passage is 6The best headline for this newsp

882、aper article would be 7Which of the following is the best title to be given to the article?8What is the topic of the text?9The main purpose of the story is to tell us 10The conclusion we can get from the story is 大家只要记住，看到问题中使用 mainly，main，title，headline，topic，conclusion 等词时，就 能仔细领会文章的主旨大意了。【方法指导】文章

883、(或段落)的构成有其内在的规律性，其中心思想往往是通过主题句来体现的。因此考生 对以下四种结构应首先有所了解，然后通过一系列有意识的训练进而掌握它们。1主题句在篇(段)首的结构 这种结构通常用演绎法撰写，遵循从一般到个别(特殊)的步骤，即先概述，然后用细节加以 说明。Jane Clark，steel，has just won the most difficult race in the world.In seventeen days she drove a dog team and sledge(雪橇)across 1，050 miles of the ArcticCircle and thr

884、ough some of the most difficult land in the world.In bitter(刺骨的)winds andsnowstorms she drove her dogs along the Arctic track,in temperatures that reached 38.WhenJane was asked how she felt about being the first woman ever to win the race，she said，“I still cant，who camesecond，said，“It sure hurts whe

885、n a young woman is ahead of you.But it doesnt hurt for long.Shewas a good winner.”Which of the following best gives the main idea of this newspaper article?AWoman wins the worlds toughest race!BWoman fights bitter winds and snowstorms!CWoman wins a sledge race in the world!DWoman drives a dog team a

886、cross the Arctic!解析 这篇文章的首句就是主题句，其后的句子或是具体说明“世界上最困难的比赛”，或是 从侧面说明赢得这场比赛的不容易。本篇的终结句进一步呼应了主题句。所以答案是 A。答案 A2主题句在末尾的结构 尾句是主题句的结构通常是用归纳法撰写的，其步骤是先表述细节或交代论据，最后做出概 括性的结论，以总结性的句子收尾。这种写作方法的特点是从个别到一般，由特殊性到共性。On the night of the party Merlin rolled into the room playing hisviolin.Everyone was astonished tosee hi

887、m.There was just one problem.Merlin had no way to stop his roller skates.He rolled on andon.Suddenly，he ran into a huge mirror that was hanging on the wall.Down fell the mirror，breaking into pieces.Nobody forgot Merlins grand entrance for a long time!What is the main point the writer is trying to ma

888、ke in the last paragraph?AThe roller skates needed further improvement.BThe party guests took Merlin for a fool.CMerlin succeeded beyond expectation.DMerlin got himself into trouble.解析 这段文字从 Merlin 入场的细节叙述，最后一句做了归纳总结：“很长一段时间大家都 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 150 页（共 331 页）没有忘记 Mer

889、lin 不同凡响的入场。”可见 Merlin 取得了意想不到的成功。答案为 C。答案 C3主题句在中间的结构 有些主题句既不在篇(段)首，也不在篇(段)尾，而是处于篇章(或段落)的中间。这样的结构往 往先以一句或几句为主题句的出现作铺垫，或是交代细节或论据。在主题句出场后，仍有适 当数量的句子陈述细节或继续给予例证。这类结构包括三个层次：引题主题思想解释或继续给予例证。从它的写作程序来看，也可分为三部曲：归纳结论演绎，即给出一两个例证之后，做出概括性的总结，然 后再给予例证来证实其论点。请看下例：When you throw a ball up into the air as fast as

890、you can，the ball reaches a point where it seems topause for a moment，and then it comes down.When a bullet(子弹)is shot straight up，it will travelmuch fasterandhigherthan a ball，but it，too，will comedown.Whatevergoesup must comedown.We have always thought this to be true.Anairplane may climb to a height

891、 of seventeen miles and then travel far and long.Yet it does not stayup forever.Finally，like everything else，the plane must come down.本段文字中下画线的这句话就是主题句。其行文顺序和写作程序与上述的模式完全吻合。4没有主题句的结构 没有主题句的篇章(或段落)，并不是没有主题思想，它们的主题思想不是由具体的某句话表 示的，而是在文中含蓄地存在着，需要读者自己归纳总结。这种结构通常是叙述一件事的发 展过程，或是陈述一系列同等重要的细节或事实。Shu Pulong h

892、as helped at least 1，000 people bitten(咬)by snakes.“It was seeing people with snakebites(伤口)that led me to this career，”he said.In 1963，after his army service，Shu entered a medical school and later became a doctor of Chinese medicine.As part of his studies he had to work in the mountains.There he of

893、ten heard of people whohad their arms and legs cut off after a snake bite in order to save their lives.“I was greatly upset by the story of an old farmer I met.It was a very hot afternoon.The old man waspulling grass in his fields when he felt a pain in his left hand.He at once realized he had been

894、bittenby a poisonous snake.In no time he wrapped a cloth tightly around his arm to stop the poisonspreading to his heart.Rushing home he shouted，“Bring me the knife.”Minutes later the man losthis arm forever.“The sad story touched me so much that I decided to devote myself to helping people bitten b

895、ysnakes.”Shu said.The best headline(标题)for this newspaper article is AAstonishing MedicineBFarmer Loses ArmCDangerous BitesDSnake Doctor解析 文章陈述了一系列同等重要的细节，都是围绕“一位治疗毒蛇咬伤的医生”展开的。所 以标题为 D。答案 D 总之，正确理解文章或段落的主题思想是阅读的首要目的。因此，提高识别文章结构并准确 找出主题句的能力和准确归纳总结出无主题句文章的主题思想的能力，是提高阅读理解能力 的重要环节。而从无主题句的文章中总结出主题思想的能力尤其

896、是考试的重点，也是我们平 常阅读训练时难度较大的一项，这就需要我们在阅读任何文章时都要下意识地归纳总结其主 旨大意。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 151 页（共 331 页）要恰当地选好标题，还需要了解标题的写作方式。一般来说，标题的写作方式是：以话题为 核心，将控制性概念的词按一定的语法浓缩为概括主题句句意或中心思想的短语。比如某一文章的中心句子为：Coffee is a universal beverage that is served in different ways around the world.话题：Coff

897、ee控制性概念：is a universal beverage that is served in different ways around the world标题：Coffee Around the World 注意，做此类题时，要避免下列三种错误：1概括不够(多表现为部分替代整体，从而导致范围太小)；2过度概括(多表现为人为扩大范围)；3以事实、细节替代抽象的大意。【试题探究】文化教育类 细节理解题解题技巧 只有准确理解全部细节，才能深刻而又全面地领悟主题思想。因为段落中的细节都是用来阐 明主旨大意的，辅助论据支撑或阐述主题思想。因此，属于细节类的理解题既可检测阅读者 对主旨大意理解的深

898、度，又可测定他们对每个细节准确领会的广度。在阅读考试中，查找主要事实或特定细节题型常见的设问的形式一般是：1Which of the following statements is(not)true(or correct)?2Which of the following is not mentioned in the text?3All of the following are true except 4The author(or the passage)states that_ 5According to the passage，when.?总之，细节理解题的六大类型是：1直接信息题 在原文

899、中可直接找到答案。常用 who，what，when，where，why 和 how 等提问。2语意转换题 有时需要将题目信息与原文相关信息进行语意上的转换，两者形式不同，但意义不变。3逻辑排序题 考生可以先找出最早和最后的一个事件发生的时间，并分别把它们作为事件发生的起点和终 点，然后使用排除法将范围一一缩小。4数字计算题 解答此类试题的方法是先理解题意和文意，然后经过对比、分析、计算等得出正确答案。5图形理解题 在解答此类试题的时候，一定要把握图形中所暗含的信息，特别是有些事实是通过图片来描 述的，考生可以按图索骥直至找出正确答案。6是非判断题 这类试题要求考生确定与原文信息一致或不一致的一

900、项。考生应首先明确题干要求；其次，在原文中进行细节定位；最后，仔细推敲，锁定答案。当然，针对某一具体的文章，还可以有各种各样形形色色的设问方式。对于细节题，也可以 说对于任何阅读理解题，考生必须根据文章提供的信息进行答题，而不能根据自己的主观判 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 152 页（共 331 页）断或者一般常识来答题。【方法指导】细节理解题针对不同的文章，不同的细枝末节，可以有不同的设问，这就让人觉得它是那么 不可捉摸，犹如雾里看花，水中望月。其实，这种题型是阅读考试中最简单的了。我们只要 记住一点：万变不离其宗。这种

901、题型无论有什么千变万化，你只要能看懂文章和题干，答案 都能在原文中找到明显的线索。下面，我们就来看看，对付这等“千变魔头”有何绝招？我们读文章，无外乎是对两个方面的理解。一个是浅层理解，或表层理解。另一个是深层理 解，或内涵理解。所谓表层理解，指要读懂文章的基本内容，包括主要事实和各个细节。主 要事实指文章中对于主题主旨具有典型意义的重要事实，这是文章的基本框架。细节是构成 主要事实的局部因素或充实事实的例子、数据等细枝末节。一篇文章一般都包括这些要素。所以阅读理解考试中要求寻找的主要事实和特定细节都可以在文章中找到。但是，要注意的 是出题者不会很明白很直接地提问，而是很注意提问的技术性或艺术

902、性。也就是说，他提问 都是要设障碍的，要罩上一层迷雾的，使得你弄不清问题指的是哪一件事，哪一个细节，造 成你寻找的困难，这就要求你仔细琢磨了。归纳起来，提问技巧一般有隐含提问法、真伪证 实法、迂回提问法三种。1隐含提问法 出题者使用同义词语、参照词、代词等，使考生对阅读内容和问题产生模糊感。例如：The basketball team never lacked vociferous(大叫大喊的)young supporters，but they rarelyresponded to this show of enthusiasm.Who seldom reacted to that enthu

903、siastic show?AThe young people.BThe players.CSome people.DA lot of people.因为 the basketball team 和 players；seldom reacted 和 rarely responded 是两对同义关系的词语，而“they”又与 basketball team 有参照关系，所以答案应该是 B。2真伪证实法 出题者要求考生确定文章中的事实，不让其问题直接与文章中的事实对号入座，而是提出似 是而非，或完全错误的事实让考生去判断。对于这类题目，考生不要根据自己读文章的最初 印象马上加以判断，而必须找到与问题

904、相应的文章部分，找出正确肯定的事实，才可以据此 判定否定的或错误的答案选项。例如：One word that sums up(概括)our age better than any otherwhether“our age”is“the technologicalage”of western countries or the“modernizing age”of Chinais the word CHANGE.But has changenot always been present？True，but never before at such a breakneck speed.Today it

905、 is more thanjust change.It is unprecedented change.In such a world，reading provides the best tool we have forkeeping up and for avoiding future shock in a world continually being remade.Which of the following is NOT true?AWestern countries and China are being remade.BReading will help understand ou

906、r age.CThe present age and future world are continually changing.DReading is the best tool provided by our age.选择题中，A、B、C 三项均与文意吻合一致。D 项是一个似是而非的选择答案。文中的 Reading provides the best tool for us(阅读对我们来说，是最好的工具)和选项中 D.Reading is the best tool provided by our age.(阅读是我们时代提供的最好工具)，意思不符，所以答案是 D。中山纪念中学内部资料 2

907、016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 153 页（共 331 页）3迂回提问法 这又是一种设障提问技巧。问题不直接提出，而是绕着弯子提出。比如，涉及时间、距离及 数据等时，你必须经过复杂的计算才能确定答案，有时，选择答案给你的数据与文章中的数 据不符，只是一个近似数值，(其它选择答案完全不沾边，完全错误)，或者，提问者只给你 一部分事实，让读者推出相应的事实使某事实更完整正确(这又叫做省略提问法)。巧用“导读法”快速定位细节 做细节题时，一般采用导读法，即先读题，然后带着题干信息快速浏览全文，找出与问题有 关的词语或句子，再对相关部分进行比较、分析、对比，

908、最后得出答案。做题时注意同一语意的不同表达方式，有时为了增加试题的难度，问题的表达一般不用文章 中的原话，而是使用同义词、近义词、句型的变换来表达，因此，一定要先看题干，理清问 题所在。【考题探究】环境保护类 词义猜测题解题技巧()高考对考生推测词义的能力是非常重视的。这就要求我们在阅读时要通过上下文交代的内容 做出合乎逻辑的推理。在必要时，做些语法分析，通过词与词的关系，确定其词性；有时根 据常识和生活经验或构词法知识，完全可以对那些从未见过的生词的词义做出正确的推测。一般说来，这种题型的题干部分总含有 mean，refer to 的字样。做这种题时，特别要注意的是，对于那些我们熟悉的词千万

909、不要妄自、草率下结论，一定要结合上下文判断它在文中的意思。例如：The underlined word“family”in the second paragraph means AhomeBchildrenCwife and husbandDwife and children“family”是我们很熟悉的词了，意为“家庭”，但以这个意思理解 family 的话，我们就无法选择 答案了。但是，如果我们结合上下文“The baker，with his wife and family，was able to get outthrough a window in the roof.”就很容易看出 fa

910、mily 其实指的是“children 子女”，所以答案应该 是 B。因此，考生不仅要知道常用词的意思，更要知道其灵活变化的意思。在阅读理解测试中，常 见的考查这种技能的题型的设问方式有：1The phrase“.”in the sentence could be replaced by 2The word“.”in the paragraph refers to 3What is the meaning of the underlined word in the paragraph？/What does the underlined wordmean?4Which of the follow

911、ing is the closest in meaning to the phrase“.”？5The word“.”most nearly means 词义猜测题是近几年来高考阅读理解题中经常出现的题型，在数量上通常至少有 1 道题。【方法指导】近年来高考英语阅读理解中词义猜测题主要考查生词词义判断、代词指代判断、熟词新义判 断和普通词汇特殊意义判断。1分析人称演变过程推断代词的正确指代 代词指代判断题考查考生依据语境逻辑推断人称代词和指示代词意义的能力。人称代词指代 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 154 页（共 331

912、页）判断题要求考生对 it，they，them，he，she 等人称代词的正确指代进行判断。指示代词指代 判断题主要考查考生对 this，these，that，those 等指示代词指代意义的判断能力。认真分析历 年高考试题不难发现代词指代判断题常出现在人物变换多、动作转换频的语境中。解题时应 认真阅读仔细推敲特定代词所在句和前后邻近句，分析人称转换和动作变换的详细过程，弄 清其来龙去脉和前因后果，从而准确推断其所替代的对象。【典例】You are given many opportunities in life to choose to be a victim or creator.When

913、 you choose to bea victim，the world is a cold and difficult place.“They”did things to you which caused all of yourpain and suffering.“They”are wrong and bad，and life is terrible as long as“they”are around.Or you may blame yourself for all your problems，thus internalizing(内化)your victimization.The tr

914、uth is，your life is likely to stay that way as long as you feel a need to blame yourself or others.What does the word“they”in Paragraph 1 probably refer to?APeople and things around you.BOpportunities and problems.CCreators and their choices.DVictims and their sufferings.解析 由本段的第二、三、四句可知 they 指 vict

915、im 周围的人和事。答案 A代词指代类猜测题难度不大，答案一般离画线词不远，所以考生只需读懂画线词附近的内容 并理清各句的来龙去脉即可找到答案。2根据语境逻辑推断生词词义 生词词义判断题主要考查考生利用语境逻辑推断特定生词意义的能力。解题时应充分利用上 下文，找出特定生词在邻近句的背景信息，然后借助转折、条件、因果、递进、对比、并列、让步等逻辑关系或定义和解释正确推断其含义。【典例】On Transportation Days，we might stop for lunch on Chestnut Street or buy a new book or toy，butthe transport

916、ation was the point.First，it was exciting enough to watch the world speed by from thetrain window.As I got older，my mom helped me unlock the mysteries that would otherwise haveparalyzed my first attempts to do it myself：How do I know where to get off？How do I know howmuch it costs？How do I know when

917、 I need tickets，and where to get them？What track，what line，which direction，wheres the stop，and will I get wet when we go under the river?The underlined word“paralyzed”(in Para.5)is closest in meaning to“”AdisplayedBjustifiedCignoredDruined解析 上下文中的两个关键信息为：unlock the mysteries 和 otherwise。句意：当我长大时，我母亲

918、帮我解开了这些秘密，否则他们可能使我无法作自我首次尝试。D 项意为“毁灭”，符 合语境。A 项意为“陈列”，B 项意为“证明是正当的”；C 项意为“不理睬”。答案 D高考英语文章中允许出现一部分生僻词，但是它们不影响考生对文章整体意思的理解。生僻 词的猜测是高考常涉及的一个考点，考生可以通过上下文来猜测生词的词义。这些词往往不 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 155 页（共 331 页）是孤立存在的，在上下文中都有相关的叙述。科普知识类 词义猜测题解题技巧()3根据原始含义和所在句语境推断熟词新义 众所周知，英语单词词义丰富，

919、搭配灵活，一些熟词在特定语境中常产生新含义。(1)有些新含义与原含义没有联系，需要借助上下文进行推断。(2)有些新含义既来自原含义又体现新特点，只有将原含义和新语境有机结合，在整体思维、综合考虑的基础上才能准确推断。【典例】The way most of us spend our mornings is exactly opposite to the conditions that promote flexible，you are one of those energetic morning people，your most inventive time comes in the early

920、evening when you are relaxed.Sleepy peoples lack of focus leads to an increase in creative problemsolving.By not giving yourself time to tune into yourwanderingmind，youre missing outon the surprising solutions it may offer.By“tune into your wandering mind”(in Para.2)，the author means“”Awander into t

921、he wildBlisten to a beautiful tuneCswitch to the traffic channelDstop concentrating on anything解析 词义猜测题。根据语境可知，若一味集中注意力而无暇放松，将错失有创造性的解决 问题的方法。D 项意为“不将注意力集中在某事物上”，符合语境。答案 D句意猜测题通常需要考生猜测一个具有概括性的句子或格言、谚语等。这要求考生通过阅读 文章，用合适的语句对其进行直接的或解释性的描述，难度略大。做这类题时，考生可在对上下文语境有一定了解的基础上，运用排除法做题，先排除那些与 文章基调不同的选项，而正确选项往往是

922、对上下文的总结和概括，与文章基调一致。4依据语境逻辑推断普通词汇的特殊含义 一些非常常见、十分普通的词汇在特殊场合会产生特殊的含义，解题时应认真阅读，仔细分 析特定词汇所在句和邻近句，弄清作者的表达目的和写作意图，揭示其在特定词汇使用上的 言外之意，从而正确推断该词的真正含义。【典例】When Frida Kahlos paintings were on show in London，a poet described her paintings as“aribbon(丝带)around a bomb”Such comments seem to suggest Kahlo had a big i

923、nfluence on the art world of her time.Sadly，she is actually a much bigger name today than she was during hertime.What does the phrase“a much bigger name”in Paragraph 1 most nearly mean?AA far better artist.BA far more gifted artist.CA much stronger person.DA much more famous person.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年

924、 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 156 页（共 331 页）解析 墨西哥女画家弗里达卡罗，身残志不残，创作了无数优秀作品。虽然在有生之年其作 品未能受到应有的关注，但她最终于上世纪 70 年代底得到了国际声誉。name 意为“名字”，但在本文提供的语境中其意义变为“名声”。答案 D 5略过生词 对于阅读理解中的生词，如果是人名、地名、国家名、组织机构名等次要信息，我们大可不 必过分重视。事实上，不知道这些单词的意思不一定会影响我们对整句或全文的理解，很多 时候更不会影响我们后面的解题。如：On his right the gentleman wore a ga

925、untlet of heavy leather.如果后面没有特别要求考查本句，那么我们暂时并不需要确切地知道 gauntlet 一词的含义，通过本句的语境知道它是戴在手上的用皮革制成的某种东西即可(防护手套)。6学会只猜测生词的大概意思，而不求其准确含义 The Asian gibbon，like other apes，especially adapts to life in trees.解析 在这句话中，考生只要猜出 gibbon 是 apes(类人猿)的一种就行了，没必要知道其准确 意思。做这种类型的题，最重要的是根据词、短语、句子所在的上下文语境来判断其意义。因此熟 练掌握一些猜词技巧是

926、做好这类题的关键。命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，我们要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境主观臆断。相信过了词汇这一关，阅读理解一定会取得高分的。赶快试试吧。人物故事类 推理判断题解题技巧()【考题探究】推理分析题在阅读测试中属于难题。要求考生在理解语篇的基础上，从文章所提供的信息的 各个方面出发，抓住关键词句，运用逻辑思维并借助常识透过表层理解文章的深层含义或寓 意。尽管这项技能难以掌握，但在历届高考考试中，甚至一切考试中它都倍受出题者的青睐。研讨真题，我们可以总结出：推理分析题可以针对某个具体的句子让你理解其话语之外的深 层含义；也可以针对整篇文章让你揣摩作者的言外之意和真正的写作

927、意图；还可以针对某个 具体问题让你琢磨作者的观点态度；有时甚至还让你对文章的体裁和来源作出判断。做这种 题时切不可脱离语篇主旨和作者意图作无根据的猜测。考查考生对整个语篇进行推理分析的能力时，通常是以下列方式提出问题的：1We can conclude that 2We may infer that 3The writer suggests that 4The story implies that 5What the writer really means is 6It can be inferred from the passage that 7According to the passag

928、e，you can see 8It can be seen from the passage that 9Thepassage suggests that 考查考生对作者观点、态度及语气、语调的理解时常见的设问方式有：1What does the author think of?中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 157 页（共 331 页）2How does the author feel about?3Whats the tone of this passage?【方法指导】中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念

929、中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 158 页（共 331 页）要进行正确的推理，首先应对文章的写作特点或推理特点有所了解。推理是揭示事态的原因 或结果，这类文章通常是以以下三种方式展开的。第一种是从结果到原因，重点在原因。其推理方式往往是首先提出一个问题或叙述一个事实，然后给予答案或说明原因。第二种推理方式是从原因到结果，重点在结果。其推理方式是首先在导言中提出问题，然后 指出或列举这个问题可能引起或已经引起的后果。第三种推理方式是因果连锁反应，即前一个矛盾统一体中的结果又为后一个矛盾统一体中的 原因。掌握文章的推理方式在进行推理时是大有帮助的。其次是要看清题意和题型要求，还要在

930、阅读时注意收集各种线索，捕捉与之有关的信息。另 外在选择答案时因其大同小异模棱两可应根据题意要求选择最切合原文内容的一个。但往往 很多文章并不严格依照这三种模式来展开，所以做题时就得靠考生保持清醒的头脑，从文章 给出的事实和逻辑两个方面去判断推理了。当考生遇到问及作者的观点态度的考题时，首先 要通读全文，对文章的写作风格有所了解，尤其要仔细领会文章的主题思想，因为它通常能 规定作者的写作基调。其次要注意作者在描述事物、表达观点时遣词造句的方式。因为在表 达个人看法时作者往往用一些带有个人感情色彩或褒贬分明的词汇，阅读时多加注意就能作 出正确的判断。1抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理 做此类试题要

931、善于抓住某一段话中的关键信息，即某些关键词或短语去分析、推理、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出这句话所隐含的深层含义。【典例】A study reported last fall suggests that having a pet dog not only raises your spirits but may alsohave an effect on your eating habits.Researchers at Northwestern Memorial Hospital spent a yearstudying 36 fat people and their equall

932、y fat dogs on diet and exercise programs；a separate group of56 people without pets were put on a diet program.On average，people lost about 11 pounds，or 5%of their body weight.Their dogs did even better，losing an average of 12 pounds，more than 15%of their body weight.Dog owners didnt lose any more we

933、ight than those without dogs but，sayresearchers，got more exercise overallmostly with their dogsand found it worth doing.The research mentioned in the paragraph reports that Apeople with dogs did more exerciseBdogs lost the same weight as people didCdogs liked exercise much more than people didDpeopl

934、e without dogs found the program unhelpful解析 推理判断题。一项研究结果表明，养狗不仅可以振奋精神，还会影响人的饮食习惯。文章最后一句表明，养狗的人进行的锻炼比较多，且多半是和狗一起锻炼。B 项错误，C、D两项文中没有提及，故答案为 A。答案 A 2整合全文(段)信息进行推断 做推理判断题时，有时需要在弄懂全文意思的基础上，整合与题目相关的有用信息，综合起 来去推理判断，确定最佳结论。【典例】When I was six，Dad brought home a dog one day，who was called“Brownie”My brothers

935、and I all loved Brownie and did different things with her.One of us would walk her，another would feedher，then there were baths，playing catch and many other games.Brownie，in return，loved each and every one of us.One thing that most touched my heart was that she would go to whoever was sick中山纪念中学内部资料

936、2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 159 页（共 331 页）and just be with them.We always felt better when she was around.One day，as I was getting her food，she chewed up(咬破)one of Dads shoes，which had to bethrown away in the end.I knew Dad would be mad and I had to let her know what she did waswrong.When

937、 I looked at her and said，“Bad girl，”she looked down at the ground and then went and hid.I saw a tear in her eyes.Brownie turned out to be more than just our family pet.She went everywhere with us.People wouldstop and ask if they could pet her.Of course shed let anyone pet her.She was just the most

938、lovabledog.There were many times when wed be out walking and a small child would come over and pullon her hair.She never barked(吠)or tried to get away.Funny thing is she would smile.This frightenedpeople because they thought she was showing her teeth.Far from the truth，she loved everyone.Now many ye

939、ars have passed since Brownie died of old age.I still miss the days when she was withus.Which of the following best describes Brownie?AShy.BPolite.CBrave.DCaring.解析 推理判断题。第一段中提到她爱家中的每一个人；第二段叙述的是她做错事后的愧疚；第三段描述的是她与众人友好相处，所以 D 项最能描述她的特点。答案 D1借助常识进行推理判断 轶事趣闻类 推理判断题解题技巧()众所周知，常识是人们普遍认可与赞同的观点，是准确无误的信息。因此利

940、用常识可进行推 理判断，并且快速高效。【典例】All of this was about more than convenience.There existed a close relationship between familiesand their milkmen.Mr.Basille even had a key to our house，for those times when it was so coldoutside that we put the box indoors，so that the milk wouldnt freeze.And I remember Mr.Basi

941、llefrom time to time taking a break at our kitchen table，having a cup of tea and telling stories abouthis delivery.What can be inferred from the fact that the milkman had the key to the boys house?AHe wanted to have tea there.BHe was a respectable person.CHe was treated as a family member.DHe was fu

942、lly trusted by the family.解析 由常识可以推出一个外人若拥有特定家庭的钥匙说明其得到这个家庭的充分信任。答案 D 2对文章的体裁和来源作出判断 考试大纲明文规定：体裁避免单一化，包括记叙文、说明文、应用文等。而文章的来源指的 是该文的出处是选自小说、报刊杂志，还是科技论文、书评等。这就得靠考生自己作出判断 了。通常这类问题的提问方式有以下几种：1This selection(节选)might be some parts of a book concerned with 2This passage might be taken out of a book dealing

943、 with _ 3Where did this passage most probably appear?4These extracts(摘录)are probably taken from_ 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 160 页（共 331 页）根据其写作特点和叙述的故事内容、评论、阐述对话各有其特点判断体裁是不难区分的。判 断其来源要留心所选的部分是哪一类的，涉及哪方面的内容。一篇故事是不可能取材于科学 杂志，新闻报道也不可能刊载在书评内。因此判断文章来源应将文章的形式及内容特点加以 综合考虑才能下结论。例如：【典例

944、】More than 30，000 drivers and front seat passengers are killed or seriously injured(受伤)eachyear.At a speed of only 30 miles per hour it is the same as falling from a third floorwindow.Wearing a seat belt(安全带)saves lives；it reduces your chance of death or serious injury by more than half.Therefore dr

945、ivers or front seat passengers over 14 in most vehicles must wear a seat belt.If you donot，you could be fined up to$50.It will not be up to the drivers to make sure you wear yourbelt.But it will be the drivers responsibility(责任)to make sure that children under 14 do not ride inthe front unless they

946、are wearing seat belt of some kind.However，you do not have to wear a seat belt if you are reversing(倒退)your vehicle or you aremaking a local delivery(发送)or collection using a special vehicle；or if you have a valid medicalcertificate which excuses you from wearing it.Make sure these circumstances(情形)

947、apply to youbefore you decide not to wear your seat belt.Remember you may be taken to court for not doing so，and you may be fined if you cannot prove to the court that you have been excused from wearing it.This text is taken from Aa medical magazineBa police reportCan advertisement(广告)Da government

948、information booklet(小册子)解析 这篇文章由不系安全带造成的危害引出不系安全带会处以什么样的惩罚，以及哪些情 况下可以不系安全带。很显然文章应该是从警方的报告中节选下来的。答案 B 3对文章的前后内容作出判断和预测 这是要求考生对该段前未选取部分或后面将要谈及的内容作出判断或预测。由于所选文章的前后内容都未出现，且该部分是孤立的一段或几段，因此要准确作出判断并 非易事。这就要求我们在看文章时要带着问题去阅读。首先，我们对所读的选段要有一个全局的概念，弄清它所涉及的全部内容哪些可能已谈过，哪些还没谈，而我们正在阅读的摘选部分就是你作出分析的参照物了。其次，我们要从文章 的语篇

949、结构上去分析。一篇文章通常由导言、正文和结束语构成。导言一般要概述全篇内容，它规定了文章的主线或中心内容。借助导言我们能紧紧把握作者的思路从而有利于对文章的 理解。正文是文章的主体，也是最常选摘的部分。正文的各段内容都由导言确定，也就是说 正文不论述导言中未提及的观点和内容。结束语是文章的收尾部分，尤其是正式论文往往通 过它而使全篇得到提纲挈领的概括并从中得出结论。因此通过对文章篇章结构的分析就可判 断已谈了什么或将要谈什么。忠于原文，合理推断 推理判断题的答案不可能在文章中直接找到，但答案的依据一定在原文中，因此在推理过程 中一定要忠于原文，在文中寻找并确定可推断的依据，即已知部分推断的前提

950、，从中推 出未知部分推断的结论。这就要求考生不仅要读懂所涉及的每个句子的意思，推断出它 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 161 页（共 331 页）们之间的关系，而且要结合自己的生活常识和经验，通过逻辑推理和判断理解文章的话外之 音，言外之意。做推理判断题时要注意以下几点：1选项内容与原文相同，不需要经过推断，这样的选项直接排除。2绝对化、扩大化的选项要排除。3与文章主基调不相符的结论也要淘汰。4推断时要客观，忠于原文，不要受主观意识的影响。史地常识类 观点态度题解题技巧【命题探究】这类题主要考查考生能否正确判断出作者写这篇文

951、章的目的或作者对所描述的事件的真正看 法，所以，解题时考生应重点关注短文最后一段中含有结论性的词语，以获得解题的关键信 息。主要设题形式：The attitude of the author towards something is The writer of the passage seems to think that What is the authors opinion on cramming?Whats the writers attitude towards.?What do we know about somebody in the passage?Somebody can be

952、 said What does the author think about the present generation?1要学会辨别清楚文章的体裁。高考阅读理解题涉及各类文章，以议论文为主，文章的主题 句往往会直接或间接地表明作者的态度、立场；说明文，因为其体裁的客观性，所以作者往 往采取中立态度；记叙文，因为作者写作时也常带有某种倾向性，所以考生在读这种体裁的 文章时要细心捕捉表达或暗示情感、态度的词或短语，捕捉那些烘托气氛、表达情感或态度 的词句。2要分清选项中的表示支持或肯定、中立、反对或否定的词语，再以此对照文章内容。下面 是一些常见的有关作者情感、态度的词语：(1)表示支持或肯定

953、的词语 positive 积极的，乐观的；supportive 支持的；optimistic 乐观的；humorous 幽默的；serious严肃的；enthusiastic 热情的；pleasant 愉快的；concerned 关切的等。(2)表示中立的词语 indifferent 不感兴趣的，漠不关心的，中立的；uninterested 不感兴趣的；neutral 中立的；impersonal 冷淡的；subjective 主观的；objective 客观的等。(3)表示反对或否定的词语 disgusted 憎恶的；厌恶的；critical 批评的；negative 否定的，消极的；sus

954、picious 怀疑的；tolerant 容忍的；disappointed 失望的；ironic 讽刺的；sarcastic 挖苦的等。(4)表示情感的词语 bitter 令人不快的，由痛苦引起的；sentimental 伤感的；emotional 情绪激动的；angry 气愤 的等。【典例】As the railroads and the highways shaped the American West in the past centuries，a new electricalgenerating(发电)and transmission(输送)system for the 21st ce

955、ntury will leave a lasting mark on中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 162 页（共 331 页）the West，for better or worse.Much of the real significance of railroads and highways is not in theirdirect physical effect on the scenery，but in the ways that they affect the surroundingcommunity.The sa

956、me is true of big solar plants and the power lines that will be laid down to moveelectricity around.The money set aside in negotiated tradeoffs and the institutions that control it will shape the Westfar beyond the immediate footprint of power plants and transmission lines.So lets remember theeffect

957、s of the railroads and the highways as we construct these new power plants in the West.What is the authors attitude towards building solar plants?ACautious.BApproving.CDoubtful.DDisapproving.解析 根据第一段中的.will leave a lasting mark on the West；The same is true of big solarplants and the power lines.；以及最

958、后一段最后一句话可知，作者对建太阳能发电站是持赞成 态度的。答案 B做好观点态度题，从下面两点着手：1关注主题句，全面理解文章的内容及中心思想，同时注意把握文章的体裁。不同体裁的文 章有不同的写作目的。故事类记叙文的目的通常是娱乐读者(to entertain)；广告类应用文的目 的一般是推销产品或服务(to persuade)；议论文的目的是要阐述论点(to argue)；科普、文化类 说明文的目的大多是介绍知识，使大家广闻博见(to inform)。2在判断的过程中，我们应特别注意作者在文中的措辞，尤其是表达感情色彩的形容词。千 万不能主观臆想、凭空想象、随意揣测，更不能以自己的观点代替作

959、者的观点。在很多文章 中，作者对人物或事件有明显的情感倾向，事件中人物与人物之间也会存在相互的评价等。准确地把握人物的情感、态度有利于从整体上理解文章的写作意图及从细节上理解人物之间 的关系和事件发生的前因后果。时闻报道类 阅读理解突破方法()易错点 1以偏概全“Several studies throughout the last 15 years have shown that infants are very good at telling howmany objects they see;however，infants dont seem to count things like wa

960、ter or sand，”VanMarlesaid.“What were saying is that they can quantify substances;its just much harder.The infants cansee how much food goes into each cup and compare that in their memories.They decide whichamount is larger，and they almost always select the larger one.”What is mainly talked about in

961、the Paragraph?AThe process of doing research.BThe scientific findings.CThe final choice of infants.DThe observation of infants behavior.解析 该段的中心词可提炼为 study，discovery 等词，主要介绍研究结果，婴儿早期就能判断 数量的大小，从而选择较大的事物。答案 B中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 163 页（共 331 页）以题说法 此题其他选项干扰性较强，A 项中虽有 resea

962、rch，但其关键词是 process，没把握住重点而误 选；C 项与主题离得较远，以偏概全，故错误；D 项比较难排除，如果将其定为正确答案，则文章重点应放在 observation 上，重点强调动作，而非观察之后的结果，很显然本点介绍研 究结果，考生往往以偏概全而误选。突破指南 1在提炼主旨或归纳标题时，可以先从选项入手，找出其中关键词，然后再进一步思考是否 能概括段意或是文意，一定不能只看到主题词就急着选择，要看其侧重点。2确认选项内容是否切中文章的中心论点，也就是要看选项内容与作者的写作目的是否一致。要从整篇文章出发归纳概括文章的标题，防止本末倒置、主次不分，避免以点代面、以偏概 全，这样

963、才能排除干扰，选出正确的答案。易错点 2张冠李戴 It all started when Graham Broad，a professor at the University of Western Ontario，found McKays name in a footnote in a book about university history.Out of curiosity，Broad spent hours at thelocal archives(档案馆)in a fruitless search for information on McKay.Tired and discourag

964、ed，hefinally gave up.On his way out，Broads glance happened to fall on an exhibiting case showingsome old newspapers.His eye was drawn to an old picture of a young man in a rugbyuniform.“After looking for him all day，there he was，staring up at me out of the exhibiting case，”said Broad.What made Profe

965、ssor Broad continue his search for more information on McKay?AA uniform of McKay.BA footnote about McKay.CA book on McKay.DA picture of McKay.解析 很多人看到第一句话后就以为题目问的“是什么使 Broad 教授开始想要研究 McKay”，从而误选 B，而事实上题干问的是“什么使 Broad 教授继续搜寻 McKay 的信息”，研读原文可 知是 A picture of McKay，答案是 D。看清问题所问，才不至于混淆问题。答案 D以题说法 命题者在设置

966、选项时可能故意弄错对象：把一个事物的特征说成是另一事物的特征，把他人 的观点说成是作者的观点，把因说成果或果说成因。因此考生在选择答案前应首先“看”清问 题所问，然后在查读时注意寻找与题目相关的关键词语。突破指南 细心是做好阅读题的首要条件，高考题中的干扰设置往往十分隐蔽，仔细看题，并能从文中 找出与之相符的有效信息，是解决此类问题的关键所在。易错点 3偷梁换柱 While American rappers have been popular in China since the 1990s，homegrown rap didnt gain afollowing until a decade

967、later.The group Yincang(meaning hidden)is one of the pioneers of Chineserap.It is made up of music lovers from both sides of the Pacific Ocean:a Beijinger，a Chinese Canadian and two Americans.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 164 页（共 331 页）“The big change was when rappers started wri

968、ting lyrics in Chinese，so people could understand，”said Zhong Cheng，27，a member of the group who was raised in Canada but born in Beijing，where he returned in 1997.Which of the following is not true about the group Yincang?AIt is not as popular as American rappers in China in 1990s.BThere are three

969、nationalities of the group members.CThe 27yearold member Zhong Cheng was born in Canada and raised in Beijing.DThe group Yincang(meaning hidden)is a very early rap group in China.解析 把每个选项与原文内容逐一对照可知，C 项与原文“.raised in Canada but born inBeijing”看似一样，其实命题人在此“动了手脚”，将 Canada 和 Beijing 位置调换了，从而与原 意不符。答案 C

970、以题说法 命题人设置的干扰项用了与原文相似的句子结构和大部分相同的词汇，只是在个别地方换了 几个单词，造成句子意思的改变。针对这类题，考生要注意题目四个选项之间的差异，再带 着问题去文章中核对内容，最后确定答案。突破指南 把握细节理解题的正确选项通常有以下特征：1对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。如把 lose ones job 换成了 be out of work。2词性或者语态有所变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，如把 important 改成 ofimportance；改变原文中句子的语态，如主动语态与被动语态的转换。3语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。4正话反说。把

971、原文的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项。了解了上述特征，此类题目必能迎刃而解。广告信息类 阅读理解突破方法()易错点 4数字陷阱(2013福建C)Offer Limited to 40 per household2012 American Silver Eagle CoinYour cost14 Coins$38.95 each s/h59 Coins$38.45 each s/h1019 Coins$37.95 each s/h2040 Coins$37.45 each s/hNote:$10 s/h(shipping and handling)for each purchaseFor fast

972、est service，call tollfree 24 hours a day 18882017143If you buy six 2012 US.Mint Silver Eagles by post，you should pay at least A$230.7B$233.7C$240.7D$243.7解析 考查数字计算。根据文中信息和第 65 题题干可知，此时银币的单价是$38.45，再由“Note:$10 s/h(shipping and handling)for each purchase”可知，每笔交易运费是$10，故购买 6 枚银币 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中

973、山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 165 页（共 331 页）需付$240.7($38.456$10$240.7)。答案为 C。答案 C以题说法 做计算类阅读理解题时，一定要注意附加信息，该类信息往往在小括号内，比较隐蔽。如本 文中的“Note：$10 s/h(shipping and handling)for each purchase”突破指南 此类问题一般要求考生能根据阅读材料中给出的有关数据，找出计算关系，通过计算，得出 正确的结论。这类计算一般来说比较简单，关键是要弄清各数据间的逻辑关系，选准比较的 数据，弄清单位换算关系，确定计算方法，问题便迎刃而解了。通常采用

974、的方法有“列表法”、“推算法”等。易错点 5无中生有 Yincangs first hit song was In Beijing.It sets a melody(旋律)played on the Chinese traditionalmusic instrument the erhu against a hiphop beat.The song is an insiders look at Beijings sightsand sounds，such as traditional Siheyuan courtyard complexes，the bar area in Houhai，the

975、 Guijiefood street and the clothes market near the zoo.Which of the following about Beijing is NOT mentioned in the passage?ATraditional Siheyuan courtyard complexes.BThe bar area in Houhai.CThe Wangfujing Street.DThe clothes market near the zoo.解析 C 项内容“the Wangfujing Street”虽是北京一地名，但文中并未提及，属于无中生有。

976、答案 C以题说法 细节题设置的干扰项往往是生活基本常识或普遍认可的观点，本身是正确的，但与文章问题 毫不相干。考生在答题时往往容易忽视“in the authors opinion”或“according to thepassage”等类 似的限定语，不顾文章的内容，根据自己的生活常识和个人经验猜测作者的想法，从而导致 错误答案。因此做这类试题时，考生应特别注意作者的措辞。突破指南 做事实细节题要用原文定位法 根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首 先排除，反之，则是正确选项。在读文章之前先读题，对要考查的细节部分做简要记录，这样，在读文章时才能快而准地

977、 锁定目标信息，以便节省时间和减少反复寻找细节的麻烦。对细节的考查通常涉及一些长难 句，对此，不要惊慌，首先判断是简单句还是复合句，若是简单句，先找句子的主、谓、宾，理解其主要意义，再加附属成分的意义。若是复合句，先判断从句，再分析各自的意义，最 后整合句子意义。切不可断章取义，脱离原文。（四）阅读补全(七选五)解题技巧 1阅读时不能仅仅注重文章细节，更应该注意文章的布局。2注意句子之间的逻辑关系(是总还是分？是主旨还是细节？)。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 166 页（共 331 页）3注意段落间的逻辑关系(转折？递进？总

978、结？举例？)。4将历届高考试题进行分析，重点分析结构清晰的说明文或议论文。5“七选五”的解题策略(1)从意思上判断 在做题时最重要的是要读懂空白前后的句子，明白这几句话的确切意思，然后根据意思的连 贯性或逻辑性从选项中选取正确答案。在读懂意思的基础上，利用线索词等进一步确认答案。(2)从词汇上锁定线索 做题时很重要的一点是保持对一些线索词的敏感，最主要的线索词是空白前后的名词和动词，寻找答案时注意在选项中查找同义词、近义词、反义词或表示同一类事物的词语等。其次是 代词、数词、表示时间/年代的词、地点/名称等专有名词。尤其是在读不懂句子的情况下，利 用这样的线索词寻找答案是很有效的方法。(3)从

979、关联词上查找 由于英语的句、段之间经常会运用关联词或某些具有关联作用的副词表示衔接和过渡，使文 章逻辑更清楚和连贯，因此文章中和选项中表示各种逻辑关系的路标性信号词在选择答案时 都是很重要的线索。在做题时可将这三个层面的线索很好地结合起来。例如，表示并列或递 进关系的词，一般表示前后句子的名词或句意具有同指性；表示转折或让步关系的词则往往 表示前后句子的名词同指，但句意对立，或褒贬对立或肯否对立；表示例证关系的词则意味 着在举例之前或之后有表述概念或某一观点的句子，往往会有复述名词出现。常见的关联词 及有关联作用的副词或短语如下：1)并列或递进关系：and，or，also，neither.no

980、r.，either.or.，likewise，similarly，equally，in the same way，that is to say，as well as，thesame.as，besides，additionally，furthermore，moreover，in addition to，what is more 等。2)因果关系：because，for，since，as，thus，hence，therefore，so，so.that，consequently，accordingly，due to，thanks to，as a result，because of，in that，f

981、or this reason，of course 等。3)转折或让步关系：but，however，yet，on the contrary，by contrast，on the other hand，unfortunately，while，whereas，unlike，rather than，instead of，it is true that，although，though，even though，even if，nevertheless，despite，in spite of 等。4)时间关系：afterwards，at first，at last，finally，first，firstly

982、，in the first place，to start with，in the meantime，last，later，next，second，secondly，then，third，thirdly，to begin with 以及 一些具体的时间等。(4)根据试题所在的不同位置确定不同的解题策略 1)如果问题在段首 通常是段落主题句。认真阅读后文内容，根据段落一致性原则，查找同义词或其他相关的 词，推断出主题句。与后文是并列、转折、因果关系等。着重阅读后文第一、二句，锁定线索信息词，然后在 选项中查找相关特征词。通常正确答案的最后一句与空白后的第一句在意思上是紧密衔接的，因此这两句间会有某

983、种衔接手段。段落间的过渡句。这时要前瞻后望找启示，即阅读上一段结尾部分(通常正确答案与上一段 结尾有机地衔接起来)，并结合下一段内容，看所选的答案是否将两段内容连接起来。2)如果问题在段尾 空白前的一句或两句是重点语句，重点阅读以锁定关键词。通常是结论、概括性语句。注意在选项中查找表示结果、结论、总结等的信息词，如 therefore，as a result，thus，hence，in short，to sum up，to conclude，in a word 等词语，选项中也可发现 前文的同义词句。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册

984、 第 167 页（共 331 页）与前文是转折或对比关系。此时要注意在选项中查找表示转折、对比的词，同时注意选项 中所讲内容是否与前文在同一主题上形成对立、对比关系。与前文是并列或排比关系。在这种情况下，通常是该段落要求补全说明本段主题的其他细 节，因此根据段落一致性原则，在原文和选项中找到相关的特征词，通常在选项中会出现表 示并列或递进关系的词或与前文类似的句式结构，或出现同义词等其他信号线索。前面的一 句与正确答案的第一句是紧密相连的。要特别注意阅读这样相连的两句，通常会找到关键的 线索词句。所选答案是引出下一段的内容。如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时可考虑与下 一段开头是否有一定

985、的衔接。认真阅读下一段开头几句，看是否与选项的最后一句紧密连接 起来。如果第一段的段尾是空白，要认真阅读，看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章第一段要提出 文章的主题，如果在段尾提出主题，会用一些信号词如转折词引出来，正确答案中应有这样 的特征词。3)如果问题是一整个自然段 这个段落应该是承上启下，而且自成一体，即有一个段落的中心，因此可重点阅读选项中 较长的选项，以此类推直至找到正确答案。着重阅读前一段结尾和后一段开头的一、两句查找相关的线索，而且重要线索通常会在后 一段开头，因此后一段开头往往比前一段结尾更为重要。分析段落之间的逻辑关系及内容的连贯性，注意段落间的衔接手段。将选项代入原文，如 果

986、前后内容连贯，符合逻辑，就能得出正确答案。（五）完形填空解题技巧 记叙文【命题探究】完形填空考查考生语言运用与理解的综合能力。要求考生通读全文，掌握文章大意，运用词 汇、语法等知识，选择最佳答案。记叙文类完形填空是高考和备考的重点。1首句完整，线索清楚 作者常在首段就交代人物的特征或事件发生的时间、地点，最后得出结论。2叙述灵活，侧重语境 文章以叙述为主，记叙人物或描述事件，作者无评论。因此，要在理解上下文的基础上，通 过语境，辨析词语，做出选择。3实词为主，虚词为辅 高考记叙文类完形填空篇幅不长，一般在 300 个词左右，始终紧扣话题中心，形成一个主题 连续体。重点集中于动词、名词、形容词或

987、副词等实词上，介词、连词、冠词等虚词的考查 相对较少。实词为主，虚词为辅，更能体现在语境中考查英语运用能力。1读好短文首句 完形填空首句一般不设空，是完整的一句，信息就从这里开始，它暗示或告诉读者下文将会 说什么。正确地利用首句信息对于把握答案的方向是极其重要和有效的。2读懂作者的态度 分析全文，弄清作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情。正确把握反映作者情感的关键词。3掌握大意，理清角色 记叙文一般有两个或多个角色，作者对不同角色的态度是不一样的，即便是他们做同样的事 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 168 页（共 331 页）

988、情。4理顺事件经过 记叙文多数是按事情的发展顺序进行叙述的。理清文章的发展顺序才能把握文章的主脉。因 此，先要理清人物间的关系及各自所做的事情，这样做题时可以再一次从时间上把握故事的 进程。Whenever we hear about“the homeless”，most of us think of the Developing World.But the1isthat homelessness is everywhere.For example，how many of us would expect to see people living onthe streets of a2count

989、ry like Germany?Kurt Muller and his wife Rita have spent eleven years making3for the homeless of Berlin，Germanys capital.They first4one long hot summer when most Germans were5onholiday.Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches，6food to the homeless.a table in the street and gave1A.resultBtrut

990、hCreasonDidea2A.traditionalBdevelopingCtypicalDwealthy3A.preparationsBhousesCmealsDsuggestions4A.beganBmetCcalledDleft5A.asleepBaloneCacrossDaway6A.brought upBset upCput asideDgave away答案 1.B2.D3.C4.A5.D6.B【方法指导】1速读全文，掌握大意，把握语境，瞻前顾后，分析选项。本文首段讲述了 Muller 夫妇致力于帮助无家可归者，并申请向他们捐助，社会各界也纷纷伸 出援助之手。通过上下文的叙述，“

991、无家可归者到处都有”可知，这是一个事实、真相，故第 1 题选择 B 项，第 2 题选择 D 项，而下文又提到 Kurt and his wife stayed at home，made sandwiches 可推知第 3 题选择 C 项，而第 6 题应选择 B 项“摆放桌子”。2掌握动词的基本用法以及动词与副词、动词与介词的搭配。根据语境，推测作者的写作意图与描写目的，从而选出正确选项。如第 4 题作者描述 Kurt 夫 妇初次开始这项工作，第 5 题“去度假”，动词 be 与副词 away 搭配，第 6 题考查动词短语的 搭配及意义，根据上下文得出答案。3善用背景知识 在解答这类完形填空题时

992、，考生要善于利用背景知识，也就是说利用所提供的上下文语境来 作为解题的依据。本文是围绕 Kurt 夫妇助人为乐的故事来写的，这是一个特定的背景。夹叙夹议文【命题探究】此类文章往往是高考中较难的题目，也是最易造成失分的一种文章体裁。从近两年的高考完 形填空来看，很多的完形填空往往在平淡的叙述中蕴涵着深刻的人生哲理，鉴于这一点考生 不但要理解文章的字面意思，更重要的是挖掘文章的内涵，只有做到了这一点，考生才能透 彻理解文章，做好每道题。夹叙夹议的完形填空一般有以下三个特点：1先叙述作者自己的某一个生活经历或见闻，然后针对这一事件发表自己对生活的看法，或 揭示生活的真理。中山纪念中学内部资料 201

993、6 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 169 页（共 331 页）2作者先提出一种观点或看法，然后围绕这一观点或看法用具体的事例加以说明，有时也可 能是用几个事例从不同的侧面来说明。3提出一种观点或见解，然后用某一事例来阐述这一观点，最后再进一步地总结和升华。1对于夹叙夹议类的完形填空，抓住作者要说明的观点或要阐述的生活哲理是做好这一类型 题目的关键，而作者叙述所发生的事件或生活经历只是为表达其思想服务的。2理清文章的结构，弄清文章是先叙述后揭示哲理或议论，还是先揭示哲理或观点或议论，而后再叙述。That holiday morning I didnt hav

994、e to attend school.Usually，on holidays，Mother in.And I would certainly take full advantage of it.On this particular morning，getting up early.36me to sleep37，I felt likeI stood by my window overlooking the38，having nothing better to do.But as it turned out，Iwas soon to learn about something39in life.

995、As I watched several people go by，get into their cars and drive off，I40_an old man on a bicyclewith a bucket on its41and a basket of rags and bottles on its backcarriage.He42fromone car to another，washing and cleaning them.From the water on the ground，it seemed that he hadalready43washing and cleani

996、ng about a dozen or more cars.He must have begun to work quiteearly in the morning.Several thoughts44my mind as I watched him work.He wasnt welldressed.He had on a pairof shorts and a(n)45T shirt.The bicycle he rode was not by any means the kindmodern46would want to be seen riding on.But he seemed47

997、with life.There he was，working hard at his small business，48at passers by and stopping to chat now andthen49elderly men and women on their way to the market nearby.There was a noticeable touch of50in the way he seemed to be doing things 51thewindscreen(挡风玻璃)，then standing back to admire it;scrubbing

998、(擦净)the wheels andstanding back to see what they looked like after the scrub.52，It was a53to learn，I felt.At no age need one have to beg for a54if one has good health andis willing to work hard.For a while I felt55of myself.Young as I amjust sixteen，and therewas this old man who must have been usefu

999、lly engaged perhaps before the sun appeared above thehorizon.36A.forcesBallowsCcausesDforbids37A.otherwiseBthereforeChoweverDbesides38A.parking lotBbus stopCschoolDmarket39A.interestingBsurprisingCawfulDuseful40A.noticedBrecognizedCcalledDassisted41A.backBhandleCwheelDseat42A.searchedBleftCmovedDwan

1000、dered43A.stoppedBstartedCintendedDfinished44A.crossedBslippedCdisturbedDinspired45A.attractiveBshinyCsimpleDexpensive中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 170 页（共 331 页）46A.repairmenBbusinessmenCdriversDcyclists47A.busyBcontentCcarefulDbored48A.wavingBlookingClaughingDpointing49A.aboutBf

1001、orCwithDlike50A.worryBrespectCsympathyDpride51A.cleaningBfixingCreplacingDcovering52A.stillByetCagainDsoon53A.lessonBsubjectCskillDfact54A.businessBlivingCsuccessDright55A.tiredBdoubtfulCfearfulDashamed答案 36.B37.C38.A39.D 40.A41.B42.C43.D44.A45.C46.D47.B48.A49.C50.D51A52.C53.A54.B55.D【方法指导】本文是先叙述后发表

1002、议论的夹叙夹议的体裁。作者看到一位穿着朴素的老人在停车场起劲地擦车，于是心有感触，发表议论，年轻的自己 应该努力工作。1体会作者的情感态度，先推敲后选择 如第 39 题作者获得人生有意义的教育，故选择 D 项 useful“有用的”，第 42 题作者描述老人 擦车的认真态度，从一辆车到另一辆车，故选择 C 项 moved。另外还有第 44、45、46、47、48、50、55 都充分体现了作者的情感态度。2利用上下文的逻辑关系解题 高考完形填空最常考的四种逻辑关系是并列、转折、让步、因果，被称为逻辑“四大天王”，几乎每年必考。完形填空需从特定的“情景”意义来选择一个最佳答案，可以说完形填空难就

1003、难在对文章逻辑的正确把握上。如本篇完形填空第 37 题，“这个早晨和往常不一样了，作者没睡懒觉，”所以用 however 表示 转折。3利用语境共现关系解题 完形填空的文章是一个意义相关联的语篇，围绕一个话题展开，所以在行文中出现语境共现 是不可避免的。如本篇完形填空第 38、41、42、46、51 题描述老人在停车场的行为。议论文【命题探究】1议论文完形填空包括夹叙夹议和纯议论两种形式。纯议论形式的完形填空一般是直接提出 论点，通过论据论证，最后作者提出自己的看法或提出另一个话题供大家讨论。2纯议论形式的完形填空一般都是由论点、论据和论证三大要素组成，也是一个提出问题 分析问题解决问题的过程

1004、。3议论文在词语表达上除了客观之外，还要比较注重委婉，常用状语从句、虚拟语气和情态 动词等。1理清文章的论点、论据和结论。2能说明论点的主要内容往往在论据里得到印证，因此，要注意论点与论据的结合。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 171 页（共 331 页）3注意各部分的逻辑关系，只要条理清晰，理顺文章的思路，有着扎实的语言基础，做好议 论类完形填空不会很难。1Most developed nations have become accustomed to it，and at this point not43on digital

1005、 technology simply because theyve grown44(using)it would make them an outsider.43A.bentBhardCkeenDdependent答案 D2The41(tale)took on a new meaning recently when Mr.Guyer downsized to a42housefrom a more expensive and comfortable one.He was15，and twins，22，would be upset.42A.largeBsmallCnewDgrand答案 B【方法

1006、指导】1利用篇章结构层次关系解题 43(worried)that his children，a daughter，议论文文体的特点是突出论点，并运用论据对论点进行论证，这样行文线索常常会体现因果 逻辑关系，所以解题时要善于通过这些信息解题。因果关系是议论文中常见的逻辑现象。正确分析这种现象，考生能够明确由“因”带来的“果”，以及“果”所出自的“因”。上文 1 中人们对数字科技所形成的习惯这个“因”，造成了人们对其 依赖的这个“果”。because 起到关键作用，有助于分析理解句子。keen on“喜爱，热衷于”。2利用文中同义、反义关系的信息词解题 议论文中同义词和反义词常常是命题者挖空的来源

1007、，它们之间的相互对应是解题的关键信息。同义和反义的表达方式是作者论述的常用手段。解题时考生可以通过同义的比较和反义的推 断寻找解题根据。上文 2 中的 downsized 和选项中 small 在语义方面十分相近，这为本题选出正确答案提供了很 大帮助。建议考生在解题过程中学会运用这个有效的手段。说明文【命题探究】在说明文类完形填空题中，作者一般是首先提出一个要说明的对象，如某种理论、某种方法、某种技巧、某项活动，然后按照从时间、空间、事情发展的顺序，再运用举例、对比、演绎、归纳等一定的方式进行介绍或说明。说明文类完形填空常就某一个问题从不同的角度来加以 说明，文章可以是用来说明某一个存在的社会

1008、现象，一个产品的制作过程，一种产品的使用 方法，某项科学成就或人类生活中所面临的某个具体的难题。对于这一类型的完形填空，就 考生而言最重要的是要抓住作者说明的中心。说明文所呈现的方式往往较为单一，作者往往 一开始就交代说明的对象，然后再从不同的角度进行说明。由于以上特点，这类文章的每一 段往往就是其中的一个角度或侧面，所以考生一般要注意概括每一个段落的主旨大意，尤其 是文章每一段的开头或结尾，作者往往对说明的话题进行概括说明。1通过短文抓主旨 一般情况下，短文首句不设空，这为窥视文章全貌提供了一个窗口，而尾句往往是文章的总 结、结论和点睛之处，所以抓住开篇具有启示作用的首句和总结概括性的尾句是

1009、必要的。2精读短文析文章 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 172 页（共 331 页）应逐句精读短文，逐题分析选项，对特定的语境作深入的理解，克服“思维定势”，根据全文 大意和“词不离句，句不离文”的原则，逐项填空，要吃透文章，理解到位，应做到以下几点：第一，从上下文的角度考虑，注意其内在的联系。第二，从词汇意义及用法、惯用方式和搭配角度去考虑，准确判断。第三，从逻辑推理、常识等角度，挖掘文章的寓意及隐含的意义。第四，从英汉两种语言的差异角度去考虑，避免错误。3复读全文核答案 在做完一篇完形填空后，应从头到尾读一遍，根据复读的

1010、语感和对整篇的理解，再次将较明 显的错误改正，个别需要推敲的再进行调整，尽可能少出错。1 41(Forexample)，differentsocietiestreatthe42(distance)betweenpeopledifferently.Northern Europeans usually do not like having43(bodily)contact(接触)even withfriends，and certainly not with touch each other quite a lot.44(strangers)People from Latin American co

1011、untries，45，45A.in other wordsBon the other handCin a similar wayDby all means答案 B【方法指导】利用语意转折法解题 作者在对事物的步骤、过程等进行说明时，为了表达的需要，通常会运用并列、转折、递进 等写作手法，这些信息是解题的重要根据。其中，语意转折是作者表达思想的常见方法。上 文先是叙述北欧人不喜欢身体接触，但是在谈到拉美人的时候语义却发生了转折，所以不再 在同一个语义层次上，而是另一个方面拉丁美洲人经常互相接触。故用 on the other hand，意为“另一方面”。2Body language is the

1012、 quiet，secret and most powerful language of all！It speaks36thanwords.According to specialists，our bodies send out more37(messages)than we realize.In fact，nonverbal(非语言)communication takes up about 50%of what we really_38(mean)36A.straighterBlouderCharderDfurther答案 B【方法指导】利用生活常识法解题“生活常识法”是说明文类完形填空解题时

1013、的常用方法。作者所要说明的事物通常符合科学原 理和理性思维，且不带有个人想象的色彩，这为解题提供了很大的方便。在说明文类完形填空的解题过程中，生活常识法是比较常用的。本文中“It speaks louder than words.”所要表达的意思就是大家所熟知的谚语：沉默胜过雄辩。据此可以选出正确答案。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 173 页（共 331 页）【写作指导】备考手册六 书写表达写作指导及步骤 提纲类 提纲类作文是近年高考书面表达的热点题型。它往往以列要点或用表格的形式呈现给考生相关信息，通常有较多的文字说明，对

1014、考生需要表达的内容有明确的要求和一定的限制。考查形式有书信、报道、通知、日记、发言稿、对某人或某物的介绍、欢迎词等。这就要求考生在动笔之前，应该认真审题，弄清楚题目与提纲之间的关系及文章内容与提纲之间的关系，然后确定文章的中心思想及各个段落的 中心思想，提炼出完美的段落主题句，保证段落中的内容能够充分展开并且符合题意。【写作步骤】1仔细审题，明确要求。审读所给信息，弄清楚所要表达的内容要点，然后对所给的信息进行梳理，可根据内容要点适当调整 写作顺序，使文章行文连贯。2列全要点，即提纲要点化，然后写作成文。此时我们就必须在大脑中将各种信息点补充完整，适时使用高级词汇和复杂句式。要根据提示将要点

1015、表达清楚，使文章的内容完整、饱满、要点齐全，注意适当增加细节。同时注意句子与句子之间，段 落与段落之间要有合理的过渡衔接。3检查核实，确保无误。【写作指导】图画图表类 图表、图画类作文是高考书面表达较常见的考查形式之一，它不仅考查考生的文字表达能力，而且也 考查考生审读图表、图画的能力。此类试题往往要求考生先用英语对所提供的信息做客观的描述，然 后提出自己的观点或发表评论。图表、图画类作文主要有以下几种形式：数据表格、饼形图、条形图、曲线图和看图作文。其中看图作文中图画既可以是漫画，也可以是其他图片、照片等情景材料。从写 作体裁看，主要有说明文、议论文和应用文，时态一般用一般现在时。【写作步骤

1016、】以图画评论型作文为例说明这类作文的写作步骤，基本上可以按照以下三个步骤，分三段书写。1研究图画，准确描述 第一段首先要将图片中的情景进行描述，要言简意赅，不漏要点。2陈述现象，指明原因 第二段要说明图画中这一现象存在的社会原因，并揭示它所反映的主题，然后紧扣主题分析原因，一 般列举两到三条即可。多使用第三人称。3联系实际，表达观点 结合自己的亲身经历对问题提出自己的观点和看法。多使用第一人称。开放类【写作指导】开放、半开放类作文往往给考生呈现有限的提示，留给考生更多思考的空间和自由发挥的余地。考生 应仔细审题、确定文体，然后选择恰当的句式来准确表达题目要求的相关内容。这种题型旨在考查考 生用

1017、英语思考的能力和在具体的语境中的英语表达能力。【写作步骤】1开放类作文通常先描述显性的部分，按一定的顺序，如时间的先后或空间的推移，来组织材料。然后是隐性的部分，要紧扣主题或按照作文要求去表达，即揭示寓意，突出主题。隐性部分和显性部 分一定有其必然的联系。2半开放类作文通常先描述材料的叙述部分。然后按材料要求对所给的要点自由发挥即可，但要符 合生活实际，真实可信 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 174 页（共 331 页）备考手册七 高考英语语法考查要点 一 名词 二 冠词 三 代词 四 介词和介词短语 五 形容词和副词 六

1018、主谓一致和特殊句式 七 情态动词和虚拟语气 八 并列句和状语从句 九 定语从句 十 名词性从句 十一 非谓语动词 十二 动词和动词短语 十三动词的时态和语态 一 名词 名词的考查要点 1可数名词的数 这里主要讲其不规则变化。(1)单、复数同形。如：means，aircraft，deer，fish，Chinese，Japanese，sheep，works(工厂)，cattle。(2)合成名词的复数。如：boy-friendboyfriends，go-betweengo-betweens(中间人)，grown-upgrown-ups。(3)有些名词通常只用作复数。如：glasses 眼镜，clot

1019、hes 衣服，goods 货物，trousers 裤子，belongings 所有 物，wages 工资，riches 财富，surroundings 环境，ashes 灰尘，compasses 圆规，cattle 家畜，congratulations祝贺，have words with sb.同某人吵架，in high spirits 以很高热情地，give ones regards to sb.向某人问候，inrags 衣衫破烂，It is good manners to do sth.有礼貌做某事。(4)集体名词的数。有些集体名词通常只用作复数，如：people，cattle，polic

1020、e；有些名词只用作单数，如：machinery，furniture，mankind，jewellery；有些名词既可用作单数又可用作复数，单数看作整体，复数看 作集体的各个成员。如：The crew is large.船员人数很多(指整体)。The crew are all tired.船员们都累坏了(指 个体)。2不可数名词的数(1)一般说来抽象名词为不可数名词，但当抽象名词表示具体的东西时，可用作可数名词且词义发生变化，主要类型如下：抽象名词表示具有某种特性、状态、感情情绪的人或事。抽象名词(不可数)具体化(个体名词，可数名词)in surprise 惊讶地 a surprise 一件令人

1021、惊讶的事 win success 获得成功 a success 一个(件)成功的人(事)win honour 赢得荣誉 an honour 引起尊敬的人(事)failure 失败 a failure 失败者 by experience 靠经验 an experience 一次经历 with pleasure 乐意 a pleasure 乐事 抽象名词与 a(an)连用，淡化了抽象概念，转化为似乎可以体验到的动作、行为或类别。A knowledge of English is a must in international trade.Would you like to have a walk(

1022、swim，bath，talk)with me?It is a waste of time reading such a novel.She made an apology to her mother for her wrong doings.(2)物质名词是不可数名词，但表示数量或种类之多时，可以用作可数名词。物质名词有形或数的相应物体时，有单、复数。如：some coffee 一些咖啡，a coffee 一杯咖啡，three coffees 三杯咖啡，some drink 一些饮料，a drink 一杯饮料，three drinks 三杯饮料，his hair 他的头发，a few grey

1023、 hairs 几根白发，glass 玻璃，a glass 一只玻璃杯。3名词所有格“s”所有格的特殊表示形式有：(1)用于表示时间、距离、价格、重量等的名词后，如：todays newspaper，five minutes walk(drive)，five pounds中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 175 页（共 331 页）weight，ten dollars worth of coffee。(2)用于表示国家、世界、城市等地方的名词后。如：the worlds population，Chinas industry，New

1024、 Yorks parks。4名词作定语 英语中有些名词没有其对应的同根形容词，这些名词可以直接用来作定语修饰另一个名词。(1)分类意义。air pollution 空气污染 boy friend 男朋友 coffee cup 咖啡杯 body language 身体语言 road accident 交通事故 the Nobel Prize 诺贝尔奖(2)时间、地点、称呼等。Doctor Jack 杰克医生 Professor Li 李教授 evening school 夜校 winter sleep 冬眠(3)表目的、手段、来源、所属意义。reception desk 接待台 sports f

1025、ield 田径场 stone table 石桌 color TV 彩电 5几组常考名词辨析(1)cause，reason，excusecause 是造成某种客观事实或现象的原因，后接介词 of；reason 是说明一种看法或行为的理由，后接介词 for；excuse 是“借口、辩解”的意思。Carelessness is the cause of the accident.The reason for her coming late was that her car broke down on the way.Late again!Whats your excuse of this time?

1026、(2)sight，view，scene，scenerysight 指“景色”时为可数名词，往往指眼见的景色，如供人游览的“美景”或“名胜”，尤指人工制成的景色。Come and see the sights of London.view 通常指自然景色，或指从远处或高处看到的景观、景物。We can get a very good view of the sea from the top of the tower.scene 所表达的景色常是 scenery 的一部分，常指自然景色，也可指舞台的场景、现实生活中的场景、场 面、情景。The sunrise is a beautiful scen

1027、e.I was touched by the happy scene.scenery 指某地总的自然风景或景色，尤指美丽的乡间景色，是不可数名词。The best part of the trip was the scenery.It was fantastic.(3)award，reward两者既可作名词也可作动词。award 用作名词时，意为“奖品”、“奖金”，用作动词时，常用于 award sth.to sb.中；reward 作名词时，意为“报酬”、“奖励”、“报答”，用作动词时，常用于 reward sb.for sth.。He won the first award in the

1028、singing contest.He received a reward of900 from the police for catching the criminal.(4)habit，custom，customshabit 指个人在长时间内逐渐养成的、一时不易改变的行为和习惯；custom 则强调社会、民族经过一个较长 时间过程而形成的“风俗”、“习惯”；customs 为复数名词，意思是“关税”、“进口税”，当首字母大写并与 the 连用时表示“海关”的意思。二 冠词 不定冠词的考查要点 1表示数量“一”，相当于“one”。Illreturn in a day or two.2表示“同一

1029、”，相当于“the same”。The children are of an age.3表示泛指或类指，指人或事物的某一个、某一类。He wants to be a doctor.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 176 页（共 331 页）4用于某一些表示重量、长度、时间等单位前，表示“每一”。We have meals three times a day.5用于专有名词前表示类似的一个或某一个，相当于“a certain”。A Mr.Li is asking to see you.6与某些物质名词或抽象名词连用，表示“一种、

1030、一类、一份、一场、一阵”。a heavy rain7用在某些固定词组中。have a swimswim定冠词的考查要点 1用于上文提到过的人或事物前。I have bought a book.The book is very useful.2用于说话人与听话人都知道的人或事物前。Close thewindow，please.3用于表示世界上独一无二的事物前，如：the sun。4用于表示方位的名词之前，如：in the east。5用于序数词或形容词的最高级之前，如：the first。6用于形容词之前，使其名词化，表示一类人。7用于由普通名词构成的专有名词之前。8用于江河、海洋、海峡、山脉、

1031、群岛、建筑物等名词之前，如：the West Lake。9用于复数姓氏之前，表示“夫妇”或“全家”。10用于作为课程或演奏等的西洋乐器名词前，如：play the piano，play the violin。11用于表示单位的名词前，如：by the day 按日。12用于年代、朝代、时代名词前，如：in the 1970s。13用于某些固定词组中，如：in the morning。不用冠词的情况 1不含普通名词的专有名词、物质名词、抽象名词、人名、地名等名词前，一般不加冠词，如：China，America。2可数名词前有物主代词、指示代词、名词所有格等限制时，不加冠词。Einsteins t

1032、heory proved to be correct.3季节、月份、星期、节日、假日、一日三餐名称前一般不加冠词，如：March，have supper。4称呼语前不加冠词。What shall I do next，Mother?5表示独一无二的头衔、职务名词作表语、同位语或补足语时，一般不加冠词。6学科名称、球类、棋类名称前不加冠词。7复数名词表示泛指一类人或事物时，前不加冠词。8在与 by 连用的交通工具名称前不加冠词。9连系动词 turn 后的表语单数可数名词前不加冠词。The young worker has turned writer.10as，though 引导的倒装让步状语从句中

1033、的表语(单数可数名词)置于句首时不加冠词。Child as he is，he knows a lot.11某些固定词组中不加冠词，如：husband and wife，arm in arm。三 代词 代词的考查要点 代词分为九类：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、相互代词、指示代词、疑问代词、连接代词、关系代词、不定代词。大多数代词具有名词和形容词的作用。1人称代词(1)人称代词作主语用主格，作宾语、表语用宾格，但应注意以下四种情况：作主语的人称代词如果孤立地使用于无谓语动词的句子中，或在这种句子中与动词不定式连用，常用宾 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总

1034、复习高考英语备考手册 第 177 页（共 331 页）格。Susan，go and join your sister cleaning the yard.Why me？John is sitting there doing nothing.句子中代词作宾语或宾语补足语时，与所替代的名词在人称、数、格以及意义上一般要保持前后一致。The thief was thought to be he.(the thief 是主格，故用 he 替代)They took me to be her.他们误以为我是她。(me 是宾格，故用 her 替代)作表语的人称代词一般用宾格，但在强调句型中，被强调部分代词的

1035、格不变。I met her in the hospital.It was her who I met in the hospital.在比较级的句子中 than、as 后用主格、宾格都可以。如：He is taller than me(I)但在下列句中有区别：I like Jack as much as her.I like both Jack and her.I like Jack as much as she.I like Jack and she likes him，too.(2)两个以上的人称代词并列，其次序排列原则：在并列主语中，“I”总是放在最后，排列顺序为：二 三 一(人称)。宾

1036、格 me也一样。You，she and I will be in charge of the case.Mr.Zhang asked Li Hua and me to help him.2物主代词(1)注意名词性和形容词性物主代词各自的语法功能。(2)ones own.of ones own 句式的转换。(3)某些固定结构中常用定冠词代替物主代词。take sb.by the arm，be wounded in the leg3反身代词(1)反身代词的语法功能：宾语、表语、主语或宾语的同位语。(2)反身代词和某些动词连用，构成固定短语。devote oneself to 致力于 dress o

1037、neself 自己穿衣 enjoy oneself 过得快活 feel oneself 觉得正常(3)反身代词还可用于某些成语中。for oneself 为自己；独立地，of oneself 自然地；自动地，by oneself 独自地，in oneself 本身 4相互代词(each other，one another)相互代词无人称、数和格的区别，在句中作宾语。其所有格分别为 each others，one anothers，作定语。一般来说，each other 指两者之间，one another 指三者或三者以上之间，但现在区分已不明显。5指示代词(this，that，these，th

1038、ose，such，same)指示代词具有形容词和代词两种词性，在句子中可以作定语、主语、宾语或表语等。(1)指示代词 this(these)和 that(those)的区别。this(these)一般指时间或空间上较近的人或物；that(those)常指时间或空间上较远的人或物。This is my desk and that is yours.In those days they could not go to school.this 常指后面要讲到的事物，有启下的作用；that 则指前面讲到过的事物，有承上的作用。I want to tell you this：the English pa

1039、rty will be held on Saturday afternoon.He hurt his leg yesterday.Thats why he didnt come.为了避免重复，常用 that 或 those 代替前面已提过的名词。The weather of Beijing is colder than that of Nanjing.The ears of a rabbit are longer than those of a fox.this 在电话用语中用于作自我介绍，that 用于询问对方；this 和 that 可以当副词用，意思相当于副词 so。Can hard w

1040、ork change a person that much?(2)such 和 same 的用法。such 指“这样的”人或事，在句中作主语和定语。Such was the story.We have never seen such a tall building.same 指“同样的”人或事，在句中作主语、表语、宾语和定语，same 的前面要用定冠词 the。The same can be said of the other article.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 178 页（共 331 页）Whether he c

1041、an do it or not，it is all the same to me.6疑问代词(who，whom，which，what，whose)疑问代词在句中作主语、宾语、定语和表语。(1)who/what询问姓名或关系。Who is he?He is my brother./He is Henry.询问职业或地位。What is he?He is a lawyer/teacher.what/who 作主语时，谓语动词的单复数取决于说话人的视点，可单数也可复数。What is/are on the table?Who is/are in the library?(2)which 与 who，

1042、whatwhich 表示在一定范围内，而 who，what 则无此限制。I found two books on the desk.Which is yours?7连接代词和关系代词 连接代词与疑问代词的形式相同，主要有 who，whom，whose，what，which 以及它们与 ever 合成的代词 whoever，whomever，whatever，whichever 等。它们用来引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句，即连接复 合句中的主句和从句，并在从句中担任一定的句子成分，由连接代词引起的名词性从句前不能再加 that。关系代词是用来引导定语从句的代词，它们包括 who，whom，wh

1043、ose，which，that 等。这两类代词的用法 详见“名词性从句”和“定语从句”部分。8不定代词 不定代词主要有：all，each，every，both，either，neither，one，none，little，few，many，much，other，another，some，any，no 等。还有由 some，any，no 和 every 构成的合成代词。不定代词具有名词和形容 词的性质，并有可数和不可数之分，在句中可以作主语、表语、宾语、同位语、定语、状语等(every，no 只能作定语)。下面介绍几组主要不定代词的用法与区别：(1)some 与 any一般用法：some，any

1044、可与单、复数可数名词及不可数名词连用。some 一般用于肯定句，any 多用于疑问、否定或条件句。特殊用法：any 用于肯定句表示“任何”的意思。Any child can do that.(定语)You may take any of them.(宾语)some 用于单数可数名词前表示“某一”。Smith went to some place in England.(定语)在期待对方回答 yes 时，some 用在表示请求或邀请的问句中。Would you like some bananas？(邀请)Mum，could you give me some money？(请求)some 用于否定

1045、句表示部分否定。I dont know some of the students.(宾语)some 和 any 还有副词的词性，在句中可作状语。some 意为“大约”，相当于 about；而 any 则表示程度，意为“稍微，丝毫”。There are some 300 workers on strike.Do you feel any better today?(2)one，both，allone 作定语、表语、主语或宾语，可以指人或物，表示“一个”的意思，其复数为 ones，指人时，其所有 格是 ones，反身代词是 oneself。One should try ones best to s

1046、erve the people.(主语、定语)This is not the one I want.(表语)one，ones 可以代替上文提到过的名词，以免重复。one，ones 前面分别可以用 this，that，these，those或 the，which 等词修饰。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 179 页（共 331 页）These books are more interesting than those ones.Here are three pens.Which one is yours，this one or

1047、that one or the one in the pencil case?both 用作定语、宾语、主语和同位语，可以指人或指物，表示“两者都”的意思。注意：both 用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定时，用 neither。Both of us are not teachers.我们俩并不都是教师。Neither of us is a teacher.我们俩都不是教师。both 不能放在 the，these，those，my 等之后，而应放在它们的前面。如：Both my parents like this film.Both the/these boys are tall.all

1048、用作主语、表语、宾语、定语、同位语，指“全部的”、“整个的”，可与可数或不可数名词连用；除少 数情况外，一般不与单数可数名词连用；与复数名词连用时，表示“所有的”、“全部的”，指三个或三个以 上的人或物。注意：all 用于否定句，表示部分否定；表示完全否定用 none。Not all the ants go out for food.(or：All the ants dont go out for food.)并不是所有的蚂蚁都出去寻找食物。None of the money is mine.这钱一分也不是我的。(3)many 和 muchmany 和 much 都表示“许多”，但 many

1049、修饰或代替复数可数名词，much 修饰或代替不可数名词。它们在句 中可作主语、宾语、定语。much 有时用作状语。(4)few，little，a few，a littlefew 和 little 表示“没有多少”，含否定意义；而 a few 和 a little 表示“有一些，有几个”，含肯定意义。另外，few，a few 修饰可数名词；little，a little 修饰不可数名词。它们在句中常用作定语、主语和宾语。(5)no 和 nonenonot any，表示“没有”，用来修饰可数名词或不可数名词，通常作定语。none 代替不可数名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式；代替可数名词作主语时，谓

1050、语动词可用单数也可用复数形式。none 还可以在句中作 宾语。注意：none 既可以指人又可以指物，no one 只能指人。(6)each 和 every each(各个)，指两个或两个以上的人或物，侧重个体，在句中作主语、宾语、定语和同位语。every(每个)，指三个或三个以上的人或物，侧重整体，在句中只能作定语。Every student in our class has a dictionary.(定语，强调班上“所有的人”)Each student in our class has a dictionary.(定语，强调各个个体)Each of them has been there.

1051、(主语)The teacher gave each of the students a new textbook.(宾语)We each got a ticket.(同位语)(7)either 和 neithereither 是“两者中任何一个”的意思，可修饰或代替单数可数名词；neither 是“两者中没有一个”的意思，可以 修饰或代替单数可数名词，它们可在句中作主语、宾语或定语。Here are two pens.You may take either of them.(宾语)Neither boy knows French.(定语)注意：either 用作副词，意为“也”，用于否定句的句

1052、末。He doesnt like tea，and I dont either.(状语)either 与 or 连用构成连词，意为“不是就是”或“要么要么”。He is either Japanese or Chinese.neither 用作副词，意为“也不”，即“not.either”。He cant do it，neither can Ineither 可与 nor 连用构成 连词，意为“既不也不”。Neither he nor you are a student.(8)the other 和 another，the others 和 othersthe other 表示“两者中的另一个”

1053、；the other复数可数名词表示“其余(他)的”；the others 表示“其他的 人或物”。others 及 other复数名词泛指“其他的(别的)人或物”。这些词语在句中可作主语、宾语和定语。He got two books；one is a textbook，the other is a novel.Five of the pencils are red；the others(the other pens)are yellow.Some are singing；others are dancing.another 修饰或代替单数可数名词，意为“(三个或三个以上的)另一个”，不能指两

1054、者中的另一个，在句中 可作宾语和定语。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 180 页（共 331 页）This coat is too dark.Please show me another.(宾语)Please give me another book.(定语)注意：another 修饰复数名词时，意为“再，又”。Please give me another ten minutes.Please give me ten more minutes.四 介词和介词短语 介词和介词短语的考查要点 介词是虚词，不能单独作句子成分，必须与

1055、名词、代词(或相当于名词的其他词类、短语或从句等)构成介 词短语，在句中充当一个成分。介词分为：简单介词，如 at，in，for 等；合成介词，如 within，inside，onto，throughout 等；短语介词，如 according to，out of，because of，by meansof，in spite of，instead of 等；双 重介词，如 from behind/above/under，until after 等；分词介词，如 considering，including，judging(from/by)等。1介词搭配(1)“动词介词”搭配：注意特定搭配与同一介

1056、词与多个动词搭配意义不同的情况。rob sb.of sth./clear the road of snow(表示“夺去、除去”意义的动词与 of 连用)supply us with food/fill the glass with wine(表示“供给”意义的动词与 with 连用)make a desk of wood/make bread from flour/make the material into a coat(表示“制作、制造”意义的动词与 of，from，into 连用)介词the部位与动词的关系(动词sb.s部位，可换用)strike him on the head(表示“击

1057、；拍；碰；摸”意义的动词与 on 连用)catch him by the arm(表示“抓；拉；拿；扯”意义的动词与 by 连用)hit the boy in the face(表示“肚；胸；眼；脸”等人体前部的器官名词与 in 连用)prevent(stop，keep)sb.from doing sth.(表示“阻止，禁止”意义的动词与 from 连用)persuade(advise，warn)sb.into doing sth.(表示“说服；建议；警告”意义的动词与 into 连用)buy(leave，get，win，gain，lose)sth.for sb.(表示“得失”意义的动词与 f

1058、or 连用)tell(show，teach，sing，write，read)sth.to sb.(表示“告知”意义的动词与 to 连用)give(allow，promise，pass，hand)sth.to sb.(表示“授予”意义的动词与 to 连用)注意：可换成 buy sb.sth.，tell sb.sth.，give sb.sth.双宾结构。say to sb.(suggest，explain，apologize，murmur，whisper 等与“对象”连用必须用 to)不可说 suggest sb.sth.。(2)同一介词与不同动词搭配，意义各异。reply to the lett

1059、er 回信，sing(dance)to the music 和唱(跳)，amount to 达到，加起来有，devote to把贡献给，drink to 为干杯，object to 反对，look forward to 渴望，come to 苏醒，belong to 属于，search for 搜，ask for 请求，use.for 用作，leave for 前往，take.for 误以为，call for 要求，wait for 等 待，care for 喜欢，make up for 弥补损失，turn to 求助/救于，help oneself to 随意，agree to 同意，com

1060、pare.to 把比作，send for 派人去请/拿，sail for 驶向，起航，set out for 动身去，go in for 爱好(3)常见“形容词介词”搭配。worthy of 值得的，glad about sth.for sb.为某人某事高兴，far from 离远，grateful to sb.for sth.为某事感 激某人，free from 没有/免除，proud of/take pride in 自豪，satisfied with/by 满意，sure of/about 确 信，fond of 喜欢，fit for 适合，busy with sth./in doing

1061、 sth.忙着干某事，full of 充满，ready for 准备，similarto 相似，wrong with 不对；有毛病(4)“名词介词”习惯搭配和意义区分。the absence of water 缺水 the hope of success 成功的希望 have a chance of/for entering college 上大学的机会 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 181 页（共 331 页）take pride in them 为他们感到骄傲 thekeytothe question 问题的答案 ame

1062、dicineforcough 治咳嗽的药 the ticket for tomorrow 明天的票 in Beijing 他去了北京 his absence from Beijing 他不在北京 the waytostudy 学习方法 of studying maths 学习数学的方法 2核心介词用法归纳与辨析(1)表示时间的介词 in 的用法如下。表示在某一较长时间内，如世纪、年、季、月、周等，一般用介词 in，如：in the 1990s，in the year，in January，in(the)winter/summer/fall/spring，in the first week of

1063、 May。还可以用时段名词组成固定短语或词组。如：in a while，in no time，in the daytime，in a short while，in time，in the morning(afternoon，evening)。注意：at night/at noon，in the day(在白天)，in the night(在夜间)。in five days(weeks，months，years)中 in 意思是“在以后”。(2)在具体的某一天或某天上午、晚上、前夕，常用 on。on Sunday(s)，on Tuesday morningon Christmas Day(但 a

1064、t Christmas)，on Christmas Eve，on Childrens Dayon March 8，on the morning(afternoon，evening)of Oct.1early on the morning of Oct.1(区别：in the late/early morning of Oct.1)on a rainy night，on warm winter days(3)表示某一时刻或某一点时间用 at，如小时、分钟等。at breakfast(supper，lunch)，at sixat noon(sunrise，sunset，midday，night，m

1065、idnight，dawn)at the age of 15，at the time of war(但 in time of danger/trouble)注意：有些时间名词前不接介词。next day，last Sunday，that morning，these yearsone，each，any，every，some，all 修饰时，一般不用介词，如 some day，one day，all afternoon。(4)till，until 的用法。till(until)与持续动词连用一般用于肯定句中，与短暂动词连用一般用在否定句中。He waited for me till twelve o

1066、clock.He didnt get up till(until)10 am.(不可用 to)注意：在句首出现或强调句型中一般不用 till 而用 until。Not until 9 am.did Mr.Smith come back to school.(5)in，later，afterin一段时间：表示说话时为起点一段时间之后，与一般将来时连用；但表示“在之内”时，用于各 种时态。一段时间later(later 是副词)：表示某一具体时间或某一方面具体时间算起的一段时间后。after一段时间：表示“在之后”，用于一般过去时；但时间为点时间时，只能用 after，即 after点 时间，用于

1067、各种时态。The doctor will be with us in six minutes.She graduated in 1981，and eight years later she became the manager of the factory.He received her letter after four weeks.另外，in一段时间stime 与 within一段时间的用法如下：in a weeks timein a weekThey will arrive in three days time.(与将来时连用)My brothers birthday is in two

1068、 weeks time.(作表语)中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 182 页（共 331 页）Ill finish the book within two weeks.(withinin less than.用于各种时态，意为“不超出，在之内”)(6)地点介词 at，on，in，to，off，across，through，over，above，under，below。at 在较小的场所，in 在较大的场所，on 在的平面上。如 at the door，at the airport，at the station，at55 Par

1069、k Street，in China，in the north，in Asia，on the desk，on the wall 等。on，at，in，off 还可以表示两地的相对位置。若 A 地属于 B 地，用 in；A 地位于 B 地的外面且有边缘 衔接，用 on；无边缘的衔接，用 to；A 在 B 附近，用 off。Japan lies to the east of China.(范围之外)Taiwan lies in the southeast of China.(范围之内)Hunan Province lies on the west of Hubei Province.(毗邻)The

1070、island lies off the coast of China.(相隔一定距离)across 在物体表面“穿过”；through 则表示在三维空间内部“穿过”。They walked across the playground.I walked through the forest.over，above 译作“在之上”；under，below 译作“在的下面”，其区别在于 over，under 表示一种 直接的、垂直的上下关系；而 above，below 则表示一般的“高于”或“低于”，不一定是垂直“在上”或“在下”。A little boat is now under the brid

1071、ge.There is a bridge over the river.The sun sinks below the horizon(地平线)The window is well above the tree.(7)表示方式、手段、工具的介词 by the year/hour/day 按年/小时/天。如：He rents a house by the year(day，hour)(按 bythe单位名称，但 to the pound 按磅算，to the ton 按吨计)。表泛指的方式、手段 by post/mail 邮寄，by telephone(radio)(但 on the phone

1072、/on the radio/on TV)，by electricity 用电，by machinery用电器，by hard work，learn sth.by heart，through the satellite，through practice，through his own efforts，through experience，through the telescope交通工具类 by bus/train/car/taxiby bike/bicycle，on horseback/footby plane/jet/spaceship/airby ship/boat/lifeboat/se

1073、a/water另外：by means of 用方法，by way of 经由，取道于；用方法，with the help(permission)of sb./with sb.s help(permission)。表方式、手段的其他用法 He beat the dog with a stick.(with工具/机器)One smells with his nose.(with人体器官，但 by hand 手工，用手)He stood up with pride.(with情绪、情感、态度的名词)注意：使用语言、材料、文字等用 in。如：in English(ink，pencil)。另外如：in

1074、high(good，low)spirits，in anger，in joy，in comfort，in sorrow，in safety，in danger，in need，in debt，in love，in fun，in pain，in tears，in surprise，in good(poor)health，in good order，in flower，in a way，in a low voice，in silence，in(with)satisfaction，in ahurry，in(with)words，live/feed on food，kneel on ones knee，

1075、take(catch)sb.by surprise(出其不意)(8)表示“除之外”的常用词。besides 除以外(还有)。作副词时意思是“而且，更何况”。We all went to the cinema besides Shaw.It was too late to see a film，and besides，I was tired.except 除去，除之外(不再有)。We all went except John.在否定句中，两词可以换用。He has no other hats except/besides this one.except for 除了(对句子主题进行细节校正或附加

1076、说明)，后接名词、代词或 what 从句，此时与“except that句子”意思相同。He was very clever except for carelessness.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 183 页（共 331 页）except that.除了一点以外。He has not changed except that he is wearing dark glasses.but 与 exceptbut 和 except 在表示“除了以外”时可以通用，但应注意以下三点：(A)前面有不定代词、疑问代词在意义上对称时，

1077、多用 but。All but one are here.Nobody but I likes making model ships.(B)后接不定式短语为排除对象时，多用 but。He hasnothing to do but wait.(前有 do，后省 to)(C)but 与一些固定结构连用。have no choice but to do sth.只得做某事，can not but do sth.不得不，can not help but do sth.不得不，but for.若不是(9)between 与 amongbetween 通常指两者之间，也可以用于三者或三者以上的每两者之间的相

1078、互关系。Ann is between Tom and Bill.Switzerland lies between France，Germany，Australia and Italy.They soon finished the work between themselves.(共同，合作)She was busy between cooking，washing，sewing and looking after the baby.(表示接连不断地，一个接一个地 忙这忙那)A horse can be seen between trees now.among 表示三者以上之间。The story

1079、 is said to have happened in a village among the hills.He was happy to be among friends again.We must agree among ourselves.(一起，共同)London is among the largest cities.(one of 与最高级连用)(10)表原因的介词 for，because of，due to。He didnt come to the meeting because of his illness.The reason for his coming late is

1080、that he was ill.He was praised for his bravery and courage.The accident is due to your careless driving.(11)不定式复合结构中的 for，of。这里所说的不定式复合结构形式指的是 for 或 of 加上人或事，作动词不定式逻辑主语的结构。It is clever of you to answer it like that.It is quite hard for me to explain why.注意：两句中的 of 和 for 的使用，表语形容词能够说明不定式逻辑主语的性质、特征与面貌

1081、时用 of，如果 说明不定式行为本身的性质、状态等则用 for。(12)兼作连词和副词的介词。after，since，till/until，before 这些词既是介词，又是连词。The children went home at once after school.(介词)They went to bed after they had finished the job.(连词)in，on，along，down，up，after，before，beyond 等介词可兼作副词。He ran down the hill.(介词)Can you lift that box down from the

1082、 shelf for me？(副词)有的介词可以兼作连词和副词。All the students got to school before me.(介词)We do want to buy something now before prices go up.(连词)Havent I seen you before？(副词)(13)介词的省略。某些动词短语之后的介词可以省略。Nothing can prevent me(from)doing the job.She spent nearly two hours(in)translating it.(14)某些名词与介词构成的固定搭配。中山纪念中学

1083、内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 184 页（共 331 页）要求接 to 的名词有：key，answer，visit，entrance，apology，introduction，road 等。The key to success is preparation.要求接 in 的名词有：interest，satisfaction，expert 等。He is an expert in teaching small children.五 形容词和副词 形容词和副词的考查要点 1形容词和副词的作用与位置 形容词是用来修饰名词的，常被放在名词前作定

1084、语，或放在系动词后面作表语。而副词则用来修饰形容词、动词、其他副词或者句子，一般位于形容词之前，动词之后或句子之首。以下属几种特殊情况，须牢记：(1)形容词短语作定语，定语后置。a task difficult to finish(2)表语形容词(afraid，alike，alone，asleep，awake，alive 等)作定语，定语后置。如 a man alive。有些表身 体健康状况的形容词如 well，faint，ill 只作表语。sick 既可作表语又可作定语，ill 如作定语意为“bad”。(3)用作定语，修饰由不定代词 one，no，any，some 和 every 构成的复合

1085、词如 anything，something 等时，通常后置。I have something important to tell you.(4)else 常用作疑问代词和不定代词的后置定语。(5)enough 修饰名词前置或后置，修饰形容词、动词或副词时，必须后置。(6)几个副词并列作状语时，其顺序较灵活，但一般是：方式地点时间。Wehad a good time together outdoors last Sunday.(7)频度副词如 often，always，usually 等在 be 动词后，行为动词前。(8)副词作定语，定语后置。The person there is waitin

1086、g for you.(9)几个并列的形容词作定语，其语序通常为：限定词(包括冠词、所有格、人称代词、指示代词、数词等)观点词(品质、状态，即表示好、坏、美、丑等的词)形状或样式词大小、长短或高低词年龄或新 旧词颜色词产地或来源词材料或种类词用途词名词。a heavy black Chinese steel umbrella(10)以ly 结尾的词性辨析。下列单词以ly 结尾，但却是形容词而非副词：lively，lonely，lovely，deadly，friendly，ugly，silly，likely，brotherly，timely 等。表原意(无ly)和引申意(有ly)的副词：deep

1087、深 deeply 深入地 wide 宽广 widely 广泛地 high 高 highly 高度地 low 位置低 lowly 地位卑微 有无ly 意义大不相同的副词：dead 完全，绝对 bedeadasleepdeadly 非常 bedeadlytiredpretty相当 be pretty certain that.prettily 漂亮地 beprettilydressed中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 185 页（共 331 页）close 近 Dontsitclose.closely 密切地 Watch close

1088、ly！late 晚，迟 arrive late，come latelately 最近 2形容词和副词的比较等级(1)原级的构成和用法。构成：形容词、副词的原级即本身。用法：表示双方在程度、性质、特征等某方面相等时，用“as原级形容词/副词as”的结构；表示双方不 相等时，用“not so(as)原级形容词/副词as”的结构；表示一方是另一方的若干倍时，用“倍数as原级 形容词/副词as”的结构。Xiao Wang is as tall as Xiao Yu.This building looks not so(as)high as that one.Miss Xu speaks English

1089、 as fluently as you.This room is three times as large as that one.(2)比较级和最高级的构成。掌握比较级和最高级的变化规则，熟记少数不符合规则的特殊形容词和副词。(3)比较级的用法。表示一方超过另一方时，用“比较级than”的结构表示。This picture is more beautiful than that one.表示一方不及另一方时，用“less原级than”的结构表示。This room is less beautiful than that one.表示一方超过另一方的程度或数量时，可在比较级前加表示程度的状语，

1090、如 even，a lot，a bit，a little，still，much，far，yet，by far 等修饰。He works even harder than before.注意：(A)英语的比较级前如无 even，still 或 yet 等时，译成汉语时可用“较”或“一些”或不译出，一般 不可用“更”。She is better than she was yesterday.Please come earlier tomorrow.(B)by far 通常用于强调最高级。用于比较级时，一般放在比较级的后面，如在前面，应在二者中间加“the”。He is taller by far t

1091、han his brother.He is by far the taller of the two brothers.表示一方随另一方的程度而变化时，用“the比较级(主语谓语)，the比较级(主语谓语)”的结构(意 为“越越”)。The harder he works，the happier he feels.不与其他事物相比，表示本身程度的改变时，用“比较级and比较级”的结构。The weather is getting colder and colder.某些以ior 结尾的形容词进行比较时，用 to 代替 than。这些词有 inferior(劣等的，次的)，superior(较好

1092、 的，优于)，junior(资历较浅的)，senior(资格较老的)，prior(在之前)等。He is superior to Mr.Zhang in chemistry.在比较从句中为了避免重复，我们通常用 that(those)，one(ones)代替前面出现的名词。that 指物，one 既 可指人又可指物。that 可代替可数名词单数和不可数名词，而 one 只能代替可数名词。The book on the table is more interesting than that(或 the one)on the desk.A box made of steel is stronger

1093、 than one made of wood.倍数表达法。(A)A is three(four，etc.)times the size(height，length，etc.)of B.The new building is four times the size(the height)of the old one.(B)A is three(four，etc.)times as big(high，long，etc.)as B.Asia is four times as large as Europe.(C)A is three(four，etc.)times bigger(higher，lon

1094、ger，etc.)than B.Your school is three times bigger than ours.用 times 表倍数通常用于三倍以上，两倍可以用 twice 或 double。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 186 页（共 331 页）(4)最高级的用法。三者或三者以上相比，表示最高程度时，用“the最高级”的结构表示。这种句式一般常有表示比较范围 的介词短语。Zhang Hua is the tallest of the three.He works(the)hardest in his class

1095、.最高级可被序数词以及 much，by far，nearly，almost，by no means，not quite，not really，nothing like等词语所修饰。This hat is by far/much/nearly/almost/not really/by no means/not quite/nothing like the biggest.表示“最高程度”的形容词，如 excellent，extreme，perfect 等，没有最高级，也不能用比较级。形容词最高级修饰作表语或介词宾语的名词、代词时，被修饰的词往往省略。He is the tallest(boy)i

1096、n his class.作状语的副词最高级前可以不加定冠词。Of all the boys he came(the)earliest.否定词比较级最高级 He has never spent a more worrying day.(5)形容词和副词前面使用冠词的情况。形容词最高级前一般要加定冠词，副词最高级前可不加冠词。形容词最高级前有时加不定冠词，或不加冠词，不表比较，表示“非常”。He is a most clever young policeman.(a mostvery)The film is most interesting.(mostvery)表示两者间“较的一个”，比较级前加

1097、the。Who is the older of the two boys?在“the比较级.，the比较级.”结构中。The more，the better.(6)由 as 组成的形容词或副词短语。as much as不可数名词 数量多达 Each stone weighs as much as fifteen tons.She could earn as much as ten dollars a week.as many as可数名词 数量多达 I have as many as sixteen reference books.as early as 早在 As early as the

1098、twelfth century the English began to invade the island.as far as 远到；就而知(论)We might go as far as(走到)the church and back.As far as I know(就我所知)，he has been there before.may(might，could)as well 不妨，不如 Then you might as well stay with us here.as.as one can 尽某人所能的They are as unreliable as they can be.He b

1099、egan to run，as fast as he could.as.as possible 尽可能的 Just get them to finish up as quickly as possible.3几组重要的词语辨析(1)very 和 much 的区别。可分等级的形容词和副词前使用 very 不用 much。表示状态的过去分词前用 very。如 a very frightened boy，a very tired child，a very complicated problem。一般情况下，以ing，ed 结尾的分词多用 much，very much/greatly 等修饰。We we

1100、re greatly shocked by the news about Tom.I was much amused by Jacks attitude.已转化为形容词的现在分词前用 very。如：very interesting/worrying/exciting。too 前用 much，a lot 或 far，不用 very。如：You are much/far/a lot too nice.另外，在 too many/much，toofew/little 前用 far。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 187 页（共 33

1101、1 页）Theres far too little opportunity for adventure these days.Weve got far too many eggs and far too few egg cups.关于原级形容词要记住下列固定的修饰结构：(a)修饰绝对意义的形容词，一般不用 very，而用 quite，completely，well，entirely。如：quite wrong(mistaken，sure)，completely dead，quite impossible，quite perfect 等。(b)修饰以 a开头的形容词，多有特殊的修饰词：quite

1102、 alone，very much alone，wide awake，fast asleep，very much afraid。(c)修饰一些特殊形容词的修饰语有：be well worth，much the same，freezing cold，quitedifferent，terribly cold/frightening。(2)so.that.与 such.that.的区别。so形容词/副词that.so形容词 可数名词单数that.somany/few复数名词that.so 少 不可数名词that.such 形容词可数名词单数that.such形容词不可数名词that.such形容词复数

1103、名词that.注意：下列结构中只能用 so 不可用 such，当名词前有 many，much，little，few 等表示“多、少”的词修饰 时，如 so much progress，so many people，so little food，so few apples 等。但当 little 表示“小”时用 such。如：These are such little boys that they cant dress themselves.下列 so 的用法是错误的：so a difficult problem，so difficult problems，so hot weather。(3)其

1104、他几组词的辨析。ago，before：ago 表示以现在为起点的“以前”；before 指以过去或将来的某时刻为起点的“以前”。泛指“以 前”用 before 而不用 ago。already，yet，still：already 表示某事已经发生；yet 表示期待某事发生；still 表示某事还在进行，主要用 于肯定句。too，also，either：too 和 also 用于肯定句，too 多用于口语，also 多用于书面语，either 用于否定句。good，well：与 good 不同的是，well 作形容词，只能在系动词后作表语，表示“身体状况好”，也作副词 修饰动词。quick，fas

1105、t：作形容词皆表示“快”。fast 多指运动的物体，含持续的意思。quick 多指一次动作的敏捷、突然，而且持续的时间较短。real，true：作形容词皆表示“真的”。real 强调真实存在的而不是幻想的，在句中常作定语；true 指与事 实标准和实际情况相符合，在句中作表语或定语。hard，difficult：均表示“困难”，但 hard 通常指体力上困难；difficult 则指智力或技能上的困难，困难程 度大于 hard。它们都可作定语和表语。六 主谓一致和特殊句式 主谓一致的考查要点 1就近一致原则(1)由 or，not only.but also.，neither.nor.，eith

1106、er.or.，whether.or.，not.but.等连接两个或两个以上 的并列主语时，通常根据就近一致原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数上保持一致。Neither his parents nor I am able to persuade him to change his mind.(2)here/there 引导一个句子而主语又不止一个时，通常根据就近原则，谓语动词要与离它最近的主语在数 上保持一致。Here is a ruler，a few pencils and two copybooks.2意义一致原则(1)谓语动词必须用单数的情况 表示学科的名词以及 works(工厂)，ne

1107、ws(消息)等作主语时，虽然本身为复数形式，但表示单数意义时，中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 188 页（共 331 页）谓语动词仍用单数。Politics is his favorite subject.表示某些组织机构的名词、书/报名、国名、地名等作主语时，虽然形式上是复数，但所表示的意义是单 数，所以谓语动词用单数。Do you know when the United Nations was set up?(2)谓语动词必须用复数的情况 表示总称意义的名词，如 people，police，public，cattle 等

1108、作主语时，谓语动词用复数。The police are searching for the murderer.(3)谓语动词的形式依据主语表示的意义而定 集体名词，如 family，class，group，team，club，company，government，population 等作主语时，谓语 动词的形式根据其在语境中表示的意义而定。当其表示集体意义，强调整体概念时，谓语动词用单数；当 其表示集体中各个组成部分，强调个体概念时，谓语动词用复数。As far as I know，his family is not very large but the family are all mus

1109、ic lovers.“the形容词/分词”表示“一类人”时，谓语动词用复数。The poor were looked down upon in the old days.3语法一致原则(1)由 and 连接的两个名词作主语“a/the名词单数and名词单数”表示一个人(双重身份)，谓语动词用单数。The teacher and poet often gives lectures around the city.“a/the名词单数anda/the名词单数”表示两个人，谓语动词用复数。The teacher and the poet have just arrived.“every名词单数and

1110、every名词单数”表示每一个人，谓语动词用单数。Every boy and every girl has the right to receive education in our country.通常由两个部件组成的物品如：a knife and fork(一副刀叉)等作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Bread and butter is not to his taste.(2)表示时间、数量、长度及价格的名词，尽管有时是复数形式但常被看作是一个整体，谓语动词用单数形 式。Is fifty pounds enough?(3)“分数/百分数of名词”作主语时，谓语动词的形式根据 of 后的名词的形

1111、式来定，如果名词是可数名 词复数，谓语动词用复数形式；如果名词是单数可数名词或不可数名词，谓语动词用单数形式。Twothirds of the books are about science.Only 30%of the work was done yesterday.倒装句的考查要点 1全部倒装(1)在 There be/seem/appear/live/stand/lie/fly/exist/remain 等存在句中。Look，theres that bookshop I was telling you about.(2)表示时间、地点和动作转移的副词如 here，there，now，th

1112、en，up，down，in，away，out 等置于句首，主语是名词而不是代词时，用完全倒装。此时，句子多用一般现在时或一般过去时。There goes the phone.Ill answer it.(3)such 作表语置于句首时。Such was Albert Einstein，a simple man but the 20th centurys greatest scientist.(4)直接引语的全部或部分位于句首时。“If you die，who will get your money？”asked Holmes.(5)表示地点的介词短语位于句首时。In the center of

1113、 the square stands a monument.(6)为平衡句子结构，或使上下文衔接紧密，而将作表语的介词短语、形容词、副词或分词提到句首，引起 倒装。Gone forever are the days when the Chinese people had to use foreign oil.2部分倒装 在下列几种情况下，只把助动词、系动词或情态动词放在主语之前，构成部分倒装。(1)little，never，not，seldom，neither，nor，hardly，rarely，by no means，at no time，under no circumstances，in

1114、no case 等表示否定意义的单词或短语位于句首时。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 189 页（共 331 页）Little does he care about what others think.(2)在 not.until.，no sooner.than.，scarcely/hardly.when.，not only.but also.，neither.nor.等句式中。Neither does he drink nor smoke.(3)当 only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句位于句首时。Only then did

1115、 I find I had made a mistake.(4)在 so/such.that.从句中，当 so形容词/副词或 such名词位于句首时。So exhausted was she that she wanted to have a rest.(5)当表示前面所说的情况也适用于另一个人或事物时，常用“so/asbe 动词/助动词/情态动词主语”，表 示“也是”。Times have changed and so have I.(6)当 neither，nor 位于句首，表示前面否定的内容也适用于另一个人或事物时，常用“neither/norbe 动词/助动词/情态动词主语”，表示“也

1116、不”。They couldnt understand it at that time，and nor could we.(7)省略 if 的虚拟条件句，把助动词 were，had，should 提到主语前面。Had it not been for your help，we shouldnt have achieved so much.(8)as 和 though 引导的让步状语从句。Try as she might，Sue couldnt get the door open.(9)“may动词原形”表示祝愿，通常把 may 置于句首，构成倒装语序。May you succeed!强调句的考查要

1117、点 1使用助动词 do，does 和 did 对谓语动词进行强调。First impressions really do count.2运用强调句型来强调除谓语动词以外的其他句子成分。强调句型的基本句型结构为：It is/was被强调部分that/who其他成分。可用来强调句子的主语、宾语、状语、表语、同位语等成分。在复习强调句型时，要注意以下几个方面：(1)强调句型中的主谓一致 在强调句型中，当对陈述句中的主语进行强调时，无论被强调的主语是单数还是复数，主句中的谓语动词 都要用单数形式 It is/was.，同时，that 从句中的谓语动词要与被强调的主语在人称和数方面保持一致。It is

1118、my parents that/who often help me get out of trouble.(2)当对地点状语、时间状语或其他状语从句进行强调时，只能用连接词 that，而不能用 where，when，why 或 how 等。It was on August 8,2008 that the 29th Summer Olympic Games were opened in Beijing.(3)强调句型的疑问句 在强调句中，无论被强调部分是什么句子成分，变为一般疑问句时，都须将主句改为疑问语序，即将“It is/was被强调部分that其他成分”改为“Is/Was it被强调部分t

1119、hat其他成分？”或“疑问词is/was it that其他成分？”结构。Was it her failing her exam that made her parents unhappy?When was it that she changed her mind?(4)在对 not.until.结构中的 until 时间状语或时间状语从句进行强调时，要将句中的 not 移至 until 之前，构成：It is/was not until.that.。注意 that 从句中的谓语动词要变成肯定形式，而且不再采用倒装语序。I didnt realize she was a famous film

1120、 star until she took off her dark glasses.It was not until she took off herdark glasses that I realized she was a famous film star.省略句的考查要点 1状语从句中的省略 由 when，while，if，as if，although/though，as，until，once，whether，unless，where 等引导的状语从句 中，如果其谓语动词为 be，而主语与主句的主语相同时，则从句的主语和 be 可省略；或从句的主语为 it，谓语动词为 be 时，也可省略

1121、从句中的 it 和 be。When(I am)in trouble，I always turn to my classmates for help.If(it is)possible，this machine can be fixed at once.2不定式的省略 单独使用不定式符号 to 代替不定式后被省略的动词，常用在 be afraid，expect，forget，hope，intend，like，love，mean，prefer，refuse，try，want，wish 等词后；或放在表情绪的词后，代替被省略的动词，常见词 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2

1122、017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 190 页（共 331 页）有：glad，happy，pleased 等；但是，如果不定式中含有 be，have，have been，则要保留 be，have，have been。Will you please look after my house when Im away?Im glad to.Are you a sailor?No.But I used to be.Your work hasnt been handed in，but it ought to have been.3常考的几个省略形式 if ever，if any，if not bet

1123、ter/worse/taller.than 等。4并列句中的省略 并列句中的两个对等句里的动词相同时，后者的动词可以省略。He is going to Hong Kong，but his brother(is going)to America.My room is on the third floor and his，on the fifth.注意事项 1如果由特殊疑问词引导的强调结构在句中作宾语从句时，从句必须使用陈述语序，不可用疑问语序。He asked me who it was that took his umbrella by mistake.2强调句型结构中的反意疑问句式。在强调句

1124、型结构中，其反意疑问句的主语及助动词必须与主句 It is/was.保持一致。It is Mary not you who wants to ask me about that matter，isnt it?3强调句型结构与定语从句的混合使用。在高考试题中，为了增加试题的难度，命题人常将强调句型与定语从句混合起来，使句子结构更加复杂。我们要注意从语法角度来分析句子，理清结构“强调句型与定语从句”。It was on the farm where we worked that I got to know her.4强调句型与时间状语从句的辨析。当用强调句型强调时间状语时，去掉“it is/was

1125、”和连词“that”，原句仍然完整；而在时间状语从句中，若去 掉“it is/was”和连词“when/before”，原句不完整。It was at 14：28 that the terrible earthquake broke out.(强调句型)It was 14：28 when the terrible earthquake broke out.(状语从句)七 情态动词和虚拟语气 情态动词的考查要点 1can，be able to 和 could(1)can 和 be able to 都表示能力，意思上没多大区别。但 can 只有现在和过去时，而 be able to 则有更多的 形

1126、式。但当成功地完成某一具体动作时，通常不用 could 而用 was/were able to 来表示。这时 was/were able to 相当于 managed to，表示经过一番努力，终于能够完成某事。Her mother can speak French.The wounded man was still able to get to the village and was saved by the villagers in the end.(2)表示猜测“可能”，一般用于疑问句和否定句。Can the news be true?It cant be true.Someone is

1127、knocking at the door.Who could it be?(3)can 可以表示理论上的可能性，指常有的行为或情形，意为“有时会”。Anybody can make mistakes.(4)表示请求、允许(表请求时，口语中常用 could 代替 can 使语气更委婉，回答时用 can)。Can I go now?Could I come to see you tomorrow?Yes，you can.(否定答语可用 No，Im afraid not.)(5)表示惊异、怀疑、不相信的态度(主要用于否定句、疑问句或感叹句中)。How can that be true？I cantb

1128、elieve my eyes and ears.How could you be so careless?(6)can 的特殊用法。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 191 页（共 331 页）can but 只有；cant but 不得不；cant.too 再怎样也不为过，越越好 I can but wait.I cant but wait.You cant be too patient to the customers.2may 和 might 的用法(1)表示允许、请求，might 比 may 的语言更委婉一些。May I

1129、 watch TV now?Yes，you may.(Yes，please.)No，you mustnt.(No，youd better not.)(2)表示可能性时，might 比 may 的可能性小，may 表示的可能性比 can 小(主要用于陈述句、肯定或否定句，疑问句用 can 代替)。The story may not be true.(3)表示祝愿(不用 might)May you succeed!(4)may/might as well 最好还是，不妨 You might as well do it now.(5)may/might well 很可能 He may well be

1130、 late for class.3must，have to 和 ought to 的用法(1)must 表示“必须，应该，一定要”。强调主观看法，只有现在时形式，否定式是 must not(mustnt)。must开头的问句，其否定回答要用 neednt 或 dont have to 代替。(2)must 表示必然的结果。All men must die.(3)must 还可表示主语固执、偏要做他人不希望做的事。It cant help；he must do that.(4)have to 着重客观需要，能用于更多时态(过去时或将来时)。He will have to be there bef

1131、ore ten.(5)ought to 表示义务和责任，“应该”，比 should 语气要强。You ought to take care of yourself.4need 和 dare 的用法(1)need 表示“需要，必要”，只能用于否定句和疑问句。在肯定句中，常用 must 和 have to 代替。(2)dare 表示“敢”，通常用于否定句、疑问句和条件状语从句中。Dare you go home alone at eleven in the evening?(3)need 和 dare 的特殊用法 need 表“需要”时，可用 want，require 代替。The desk ne

1132、eds to be repaired./The desk needs repairing.dare 作实义动词时，在肯定句中要接 to，在疑问句和否定句中 to 可省去。He dares to catch a snake.I do not dare(to)complain.Do you dare(to)swim in the river?5will 和 would 的用法(1)will表示请求、建议，常用于第二人称。Will you please go with me?表示意愿、决定、允许。I will never do that again.表示习惯性动作或某种倾向，“总是，惯于”，通常用于

1133、第三人称。Rosa will always be late for school.(2)would表示请求、建议，比 will 委婉，指现在时间，多用于第二人称。Would you like a cup of tea?表示过去习惯性动作或某种倾向。We would play badminton on Sundays.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 192 页（共 331 页）6shall 和 should 的用法(1)shall 用于第一、三人称，在问句中表示征求对方意见或请求。Shall I come in?用于第二、三人称

1134、的陈述句中，表示命令或威胁。You shall do as your father says.(2)should表示责任、义务，意为“应该”。表示惊讶语气，意为“竟然”。You should wear slippers in class.用于条件句，表示“假如，万一”，省去 if，should 可提至句首。Should you be late，apologize to the teacher.7情态动词表示推测或判断的用法 下表即是表示推测的情态动词使用的场合：情态动词 对现在和未来的推测 对过去的推测 使用场合 mustmustdomust have done肯定句 may/mightmay

1135、/mightdomay/might have done肯定句、否定句 否定句、疑问句(could 可 can/couldcan/could docan/could have done用来表示一种估计的情况 用于肯定句)should“按理会/估计会”shoulddoshould have done肯定句、否定句、疑问句 情态动词have done 的用法(1)should have done 表示“本来应该做某事而实际上未做”，而 shouldnt have done 则表示“本不应该做某事而 实际上做了”。You should have told me about it earlier.You

1136、 shouldnt have said such words to your parents.(2)ought to have done 也表示“本应该”，而 ought not to have done 则意为“本不应该”。You ought to have told me about it earlier.You ought not to have said such words to your parents.(3)neednt have done 表示“本无必要做某事而实际上做了”。You neednt have walked so quickly since time was eno

1137、ugh.(4)could have done 表示“本来有可能而事实上未做到”。I could have come on time，but my car broke down on the way.(5)may/might have done 表示“过去可能发生过某事”或“本来应该或可以做某事(实际上没做)”。You might have given him more help，but you were so busy.虚拟语气的考查要点 1虚拟语气用于条件状语从句(1)表示与现在事实相反的假设，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时(be 动词用 were)，而主句中的谓 语动词用“would

1138、/should/could/might动词原形”。If I were you，I would buy that house.If he had time，he should go with you.(2)表示与过去的事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用过去完成时，主句中的谓语动词则用“would/should/might/couldhave过去分词”。If he had taken my advice，he would have succeeded in passing the examination.(3)表示与将来事实相反，条件状语从句中的谓语动词用一般过去时或“should/were t

1139、o动词原形”，而主句 中的谓语动词则用“would/should/could/might动词原形”。If it were to rain tomorrow，the football match would be put off.(4)当条件状语从句表示的行为和主句表示的行为所发生的时间不一致时，动词的形式要根据它所表示的时 间作相应调整。If they had worked hard，they would be very tired now.(从句说的是过去，主句指的是现在)中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 193 页（共 33

1140、1 页）2虚拟语气用于名词性从句(1)虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用。“wish宾语从句”表示不能实现的愿望，译为“要是就好了”等。表示现在不能实现的愿望，从句中 的谓语动词用一般过去时；表示将来不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“would/could动词原形”；表 示过去不能实现的愿望，从句中的谓语动词用“had过去分词”或“could/shouldhave过去分词”。I wish it were spring all the year round.I wish I had known the answer.I wish I could fly like a bird.在表示建议、要求、命令等

1141、动词后的宾语从句中，谓语动词用“should动词原形”，should 可以省略。常见的动词有：suggest，advise，propose，demand，require，insist，request，command，order 等。She suggested we(should)leave here at once.The doctor ordered she should be operated on.(2)虚拟语气在同位语从句和表语从句中的运用。表示建议、要求、命令等的名词，如 advice，idea，order，demand，plan，proposal，suggestion，reques

1142、t等，其后的表语从句和同位语从句中谓语动词用“(should)动词原形”，should 可以省略。His suggestion that we(should)go to Shanghai is wonderful.My idea is that they(should)pay 100 dollars.(3)虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用。在主语从句中，谓语动词的虚拟语气用“(should)动词原形”的结构，表示惊奇、不相信、理应如此等。It is necessary(important，natural，strange，etc.)that we(should)clean the room every

1143、 day.It was a pity(a shame，no wonder，etc.)that you(should)be so careless.It will be desired(suggested，decided，ordered，requested，proposed，etc.)that she(should)finish her homework this afternoon.注意：这种从句表示的是事实。如果人对这种事实表现出惊奇的情感，就可用虚拟语气；反之，如果不表 示惊奇等情感，that 从句也可用陈述句语气。It is a pity that you cant swim.3虚拟语气

1144、在其他场合的运用(1)虚拟语气在 as if/as though，even if/even though 等引导的表语从句或状语从句中，如果从句表示的动作 发生在过去，用过去完成时；指现在状况，则用一般过去时；指将来状况则用过去将来时。He did it as if he were an expert.Even if she were here，she could not solve the problem.(2)虚拟语气用于定语从句中。这种从句常用于句型“It is(high)time(that).”中，定语从句的谓语动词用一般过去时(be 用 were)或“should动词原形”，意思是“

1145、(现在)该”。Its time that I picked up my daughter.Its high time we were going.(3)虚拟语气用在 if only 引导的感叹句中。If only I were a pilot.If only I had taken his advice.(4)虚拟语气在一些简单句中的运用。情态动词的过去式用于现在时态时，表示说话人谦虚、客气、有礼貌或语气委婉，常出现在日常会话中。It would be better for you not to stay up too late.Would you be kind enough to clos

1146、e the door?用于一些习惯表达法中。Would you like a cup of tea?I would rather not tell you.八 并列句和状语从句 并列句的考查要点 1并列句的基本概念 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 194 页（共 331 页）并列句是由两个或两个以上并列而又独立的简单句构成的。在并列句中，这些简单句常由并列连词连在一 起。并列连词所连接的简单句被称为分句。2常见的并列连词(1)表示递进或顺承关系：常用的并列连词有 and，not only.but(also).等。He had

1147、plenty of money and he spent it freely.Not only did he speak more correctly，but also he spoke more easily.(2)表示选择关系：常用的并列连词有 or，either.or.等。Either you are right，or I am.(3)表示转折关系：常用的并列连词有 but，yet，whereas 等。Jane said she was ill，yet I sawher in the street just now.Some of the studies show positive re

1148、sults，whereas others do not.(4)表示因果关系：常用的并列连词有 so，for 等。It must have rained last night，for it is wet all over.The shops were closed，so I didnt get any milk.(5)when 还可用作并列连词，意为“那时，这时”，相当于 and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：sb.was doingsth.when.；sb.was about to do/going to do/on the point of doing sth.when

1149、.；sb.had just done sth.when.。We were having a meeting when someone broke in.We were about to set off when it suddenly began to rain.(6)while 作为并列连词，意为“而，却”，表示对比。He likes pop music，while I am fond of folk music.时间状语从句的考查要点 1before 引导的从句中不用否定式谓语。常用如下句型：It will be long before.(得过好久才)It will not be long

1150、 before.(过不了多久就)It was long before.(过了好久才)It was not long before.(过了不久就)2since 后面所用动词不同，该动词所表示动作持续时间的计算方法也不同。since瞬间动词过去式 从该动作发生时算起 since持续性动词过去式 从动作结束时算起 It is two years since he joined the army.他参军两年了。It is two years since he smoked.他戒烟两年了。3as，when，while 用法一览表。类别 作用 例句 aswhenwhileas 表示“当的时候”，往往和 w

1151、hen/while 通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的 动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。(at or during the time that)既可以表示在 某一点的时候，又可表示在某一段时间 内，主句与从句的动作或事情可以同时 发生也可以先后发生。while 意思是“当的时候”或“在某一 段时间里”。主句中的动作或事情在从句 中的动作或事情的进展过程中发生，从 句中的动词一般要用延续性动词。在 when 表示 a period of time 时，两者可以 互换。She came up as I was cooking.(同时)The runners started as the gun went

1152、 off.(几 乎同时)It was raining when we arrived.(指时间点)When we were at school，we went to thelibrary every day.(在一段时间内)Please dont talk so loud while others areworking.He fell asleep while/when reading.Strike while the iron is hot.(用 as 或 when不可，这里的 while 意思是“趁”)4.引导时间状语从句的连接词除上述外还有：(1)till，not.until.，unti

1153、lDont get off the bus until it has stopped.He waited for his father until/till it was twelve oclock.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 195 页（共 331 页）(2)hardly/scarcely.when，no sooner.than 表示“刚就”We had hardly got/Hardly had we got into the country when it began to rain.No sooner had he

1154、 arrived/He had no sooner arrived than she started complaining.(3)directly，immediately，the moment，the minute，the instant，as soon as，意为“一就”He made for the door directly he heard the knock.The moment he saw his mother，he burst into tears.(4)each time，every timeEach time he came to my city，he would cal

1155、l on me.让步状语从句的考查要点 1although 与 though 可以引导让步状语从句，不能与 but 连用，但可以与 yet 连用。Although/Though they are poor，(yet)they are warmhearted.2even if 或 even though 引导让步状语从句，表示“即使”、“纵然”，用来使人注意下文所强调内容的性质。Ill get there even if/though I have to sell my house to get enough money to go by air.3no matter 后接上 who，what，

1156、where，how 等疑问词引导让步状语从句，也可以在这类疑问词后面加上 ever 构成 whoever，whatever，wherever，however 等。但在引导名词性从句时只能用 whever 类词。Dont trust him，no matter what/whatever he says.I will eat whatever you give me.No matter how hard the work is，youd better try to do it well.4as 也可以引导让步状语从句，需将从句中的表语、状语以及谓语中的实义动词提前至从句句首，引起 倒装；作表语的

1157、单数可数名词前如有冠词，冠词需省去。though 引导的从句也可以倒装，但 although 引导 的不可以。Child as(though)he is，he knows a lot.Much as I like it，I wont buy.Try as he would，he couldnt lift the heavy box.5while 也可以引导让步状语从句，表示“尽管”，比 though/although 语气弱。while 引导的让步状语从句一 般要位于句首。原因状语从句：because，for，as，since，now that1表示不知道的原因时用 because，即说话人认

1158、为听话人不知道，因此 because 从句是全句最重要的部分，通常它被置于主句之后。You want to know why Im leaving？Im leaving because Im fed up with the boss.for 虽然表示不知道的原因，但其语气较 because 要弱得多，是可说可不说的话，它只能置于主句之后，这 时，for 是并列连词。如果不是因果关系，而是对前面主句的内容加以解释或推断时，只能用 for。Its morning now，for the birds are singing.(很显然，鸟叫不可能是“现在已是早上”的原因)。2表示已经知道的原因时用 a

1159、s 或 since，即某种原因在说话人看来已经很明显，或已为听话人所熟悉，因 此它是句中不很重要的部分。since 要比 as 正式一些，它们通常被置于语句之前，但有时却相反。Seeing all of the children already seated，he said，“Since everyone is here，lets start.”3下列情况下只能使用 because：(1)在回答 why 的问句时；(2)在用于强调句型时；(3)被 not 所否定时。地点状语从句：where，wherever 等 Make a mark wherever you have any questio

1160、ns.We will go where the Party directs us.目的状语从句：that，so that，in order that注意：目的状语从句中的谓语动词常与情态动词连用，否则可能是结果状语从句，不可置于句首。He got up early so that he could catch the early train.结果状语从句：that，so that，so.that.，such.that.注意：so形容词/副词that 从句；such名词that 从句。She is sogood that we all like her.He is such a good tea

1161、cher that we all respect him.方式状语从句：as，as if/thoughIll do as I am told to.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 196 页（共 331 页）It looks as if it is going to rain.条件状语从句：if，unless，so/as long as，in case，once，on condition that 等 You can use my bike as long as you return it on time.注意状语从句中的省略

1162、现象 1连词过去分词 Dont speak until spoken to.Unless repaired，the washing machine is no use.2连词现在分词 Look out while crossing the street.3连词形容词/其他 常见的有 if necessary，if possible，when necessary，if any 等。If necessary，I will go there.九 定语从句 定语从句的考查要点 1功能：相当于形容词，修饰名词或代词，在句中作定语。2位置：定语从句置于被修饰词之后。Those who are for th

1163、e plan raise your hands，please.3先行词：被定语从句修饰的词称为先行词。先行词一般是名词和不定代词，如：some，any，every和 no与body，thing 的合成词；或 all，none，any，some，that，those 等代词。数词也可以作先行词，人称代词也同样可作先行词。4关系词：连接先行词与从句的词叫关系词。关系代词：who，whom，which，that，whose，as 等 关系副词：when，where，why 等 5确定关系词的步骤：(1)先找先行词，看先行词指的是什么。(2)看关系词在从句中所充当的成分。注意：先行词与关系词是等量关系

1164、。(1)先行词在从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的数由先行词而定。This is the place which is worth visiting.(2)关系词在从句句子中充当了成分，其意思就是先行词的意义，所以在从句中不能重复其意。There are many places we can visit(them)in China.6在定语从句中，当先行词指物时，下列情况的关系词宜用 that 而不用 which：(1)当先行词是序数词或形容词最高级或被序数词、形容词最高级修饰时。(2)先行词被 all，every，no，some，any，little，much，the only，the very

1165、，few 等修饰时。(3)先行词为 all，much，little，none，few，something，anything 等不定代词时。(4)先行词中既有人又有物时。He was looking pleasantly at the children and parcels that filled his bus.(5)先行词在主句中作表语时。The village is no longer the one that was 5 years ago.(6)当主句是以 which 开头的特殊疑问句时。Which are the books that you bought for me?7宜用 w

1166、hich 而不用 that 的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从句中。(2)在关系词前有介词时。(3)当先行词本身是 that 时。(4)关系词后有插入语时。8关系词 who 与 that 指人时，也有不同情况分别用不同的关系词。(1)当主句是 there be 句型时，关系词用 who。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 197 页（共 331 页）(2)先行词是 anyone，those，someone，everyone，one 等词时，关系词用 who。(3)当主句是 who 作疑问词时，关系词用 that。Who is that

1167、 girl that is standing by the window?(4)whom 在从句中只作宾语，可被 who 取代。9whose 作关系词既指人又指物，在从句中作定语。Do you know Mr.Smith whose story is very moving?There is a room，whose window faces the river.10关系代词 as 在从句中作主语、宾语和表语。(1)先行词被 such 和 the same 修饰，或句型 as many(much)中，从句都用 as 引导。Such books as you bought are useful.

1168、The school is just the same as it was 10 years ago.注意：such.that.引导结果状语从句。如：They are such lovely children that we love them much。thesame.that.引导定语从句。如：I want to use the same tool that you used just now.(2)无先行词的定语从句用 as 和 which 引导。区别：意义上：as 含有“这点正如一样”。位置上：as 从句可置句首，也可在另处。He didnt pass the exam，as we h

1169、ad expected.There is lots of air in loose snow，which can keep the cold out.As is known，the earth is round.11关系副词 when 与 where，why，thatwhen 指时间in/at/on/during whichwhere 指地点in/at/from whichwhy 指原因for whichthat 可以用于表示时间、地点、方式、理由的名词之后，取代 when，where，why 和“介词which”引导的 定语从句，修饰的先行词常为 the way，the time，the d

1170、ay，the place 等，在口语中 that 常被省略。I dont like the way(that/in which)he talks.This is the first time I have given you a lesson in French.12必须注意的问题：(1)关系词作主语时，从句中谓语的数。(2)注意区别定语从句与强调句。定语从句中关系词作从句成分，复合句。强调句中 it 无意义，that/who 不是引导词。去掉 it is/was 和 that/who 后，如果句子意思讲得通则是强调句，讲不通则不是。It is the museum that/which we

1171、 visited last year.(定语从句)It was in the hotel that we stayed last night.(强调句)(3)定语从句与同位语从句的区别。定语从句的引导词被称为关系词，that 充当主语、宾语、表语，有时可省略。同位语从句的引导词被叫作连接词，that 不充当任何成分，不可省。Word came that their army was defeated.(同位语从句)We expressed to them our wish that was the same as theirs.(定语从句)(4)关系词在从句中省略的情况。关系词作宾语，前无介词

1172、时。关系词作表语。(5)关系词前有介词或复杂介词，关系词只能是 which 和 whom。(6)几个特殊的定语从句句型：He is the only one of the students who has got very good marks in the match.(句中 one 为先行词)He is one of the students who have got good marks in the match.(句中 students 为先行词)Is this place the one(that)we visited yesterday?Is this the place(that

1173、/which)we visited yesterday?He stood at the window，from where he could see what was happening.It may rain，in which case the match will be put off.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 198 页（共 331 页）十 名词性从句 名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、同位语从句)中连接词的运用 名 词 性 从 句 中 的 连 接 词 有 从 属 连 词 that/whether/if，连

1174、 接 代 词 what/who/which/whose/whatever/whoever/whomever/whichever，连 接 副 词 where/when/why/how/wherever/whenever。1that 的用法。(1)主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句中用 that 但不能省略。That they are good at English is known to us all.The problem is that we dont have enough money.The report that there will be a severe storm in the no

1175、rthern area is false.(2)一般情况下，宾语从句中的引导词 that 可省略，但在以下几种情况中 that 一般不省略：(A)当 that 从句 和主句谓语动词之间有插入语时；(B)有多个 that 引导的从句时，第一个 that 可以省略，而其他的 that 常不 可省略；(C)介词 except，but，besides，in 等后跟 that 引导的宾语从句时；(D)当 when，who，what，where，why，how 等引导的从句与 that 引导的从句作主句谓语动词的并列宾语时。He judged that，because he was a child，he

1176、did not understand wine.The reason lies in that she works harder than the others do.Everyone knew what happened and that she was worried.(3)that 和 what 的区别。that 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中不担当任何句子成分，也没有任何含义；而 what 引导名词性从句时，在主从句中都要充当一定的句子成分，what 可以分解成定语从句中的“先行词关系代词”，即常说的“先 行词that”。Its a shame that he has made such

1177、 a mistake.I will do what I can(do)to help him.(4)同位语从句与定语从句中 that 的区别。同位语从句中的连接词 that 只起连接作用，在从句中不担当任何句子成分；而定语从句中的关系代词 that在句中作宾语或主语，与先行词有修饰关系。如果句子是同位语从句，就应用连接词 that 而不能用 which。同位语从句一般放在表具体含义的名词后解释说明名词的含义或内容，如以下名词：news，fact，suggestion，truth，plan，belief，doubt，possibility，idea 等，而定语从句只是对先行词的限定和修饰。The

1178、y expressed the hope that they would come to visit China again.(同位语从句)The hope they expressed is that they would come to visit China again.(定语从句)2whether 和 if 的用法。(1)whether 和 if 在宾语从句中可以互换，但是作介词宾语时连接词一般用 whether。It all depends on whether they will come back.(2)后面直接跟 or not 时用 whether。I didnt know w

1179、hether or not he had arrived in Wuhan.(3)主语从句、表语从句中只能用 whether。Whether the meeting will be put off has not been decided yet.The question is whether they have so much money.(4)whether 可以引导同位语从句，用以说明前面的名词的内容，if 则不能。We ought to discuss carefully the question whether we can do it or not.(5)whether 常与 or

1180、 连用表示一种选择，if 不能这样用；whether 也可与动词不定式连用但 if 不能。The question of whether they are male or female is not important.I have not decided whether to go or not.(6)间接宾语位于句首时或者间接宾语提前时用 whether 不用 if。Thank you，but whether Ill be free Im not sure at the moment.(7)whether 可引导一个让步状语从句表示“不管”、“无论”，而 if 不能。Whether he

1181、comes or not，we will begin our party on time.3疑问词ever 和 no matter疑问词的区别。(1)疑问词ever 可引导名词性从句，在主从句中要充当一定的成分。Whoever breaks the rule must be punished.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 199 页（共 331 页）You can choose whatever you like in the shop.(2)疑问词ever 还可引导让步状语从句。Whoever breaks the rul

1182、e，he must be punished.Whatever you do，you must do it well.(3)no matter疑问词只能引导让步状语从句。No matter what you do，you must put your heart into it.No matter who comes late，he must be punished.4when 和 where 引导的同位语从句与定语从句的区别。when 和 where 前面的名词若是表示时间、地点的名词，则 when 和 where 引导的是定语从句，否则则为同 位语从句。They put forward the

1183、 question where they could get the money.(同位语从句)This is the place where the accident happened.(定语从句)主语从句的考查要点 1主语从句在复合句中充当主语，大多数主语从句都可以用 it 作形式主语而把主语从句置于句尾。2that 引导主语从句时可用 it 作形式主语，that 不可省；what 引导的主语从句表示“的东西”时，一般 不用 it 作形式主语；whatever，whoever，whichever 一般也不用 it 作形式主语。That she will succeed is certain

1184、.It is certain that she will succeed.What he needs is more experience.常见的 it 替代 that 引导的主语从句的句式主要有以下几种：(1)It系动词形容词(necessary，right，likely，unlikely，wrong，important，certain，clear，obvious，strange，normal 等)that 从句 It is certain that most of the farmers have brought in more money by all means.(2)Itbe名词(短

1185、语)(a pity，a shame，good news，a fact，an honour，a wonder，no wonder 等)that 从句 Its no wonder that youve achieved so much success.(3)Itbe过去分词(said，told，heard，reported，decided，suggested，advised，ordered，remembered，thought，considered，wellknown，announced 等)that 从句 It is said that the professor has already suc

1186、ceeded in carrying out the experiment.(4)It特殊动词(seem，appear，happen，matter)that 从句 It happened to me that I had been away when he called.注意：(1)在“It is necessary/important/strange/natural.that 从句”结构中，从句谓语常用“(should)动词原形”形式。(2)在“Itbesuggested/advised/ordered/requested/insisted/required.that 从句”结构中，that

1187、 从句谓语应用“(should)动词原形”。宾语从句的考查要点 1动词的宾语从句(1)大多数动词(hope，tell，say 等)可以带宾语从句。We all expect that they will win，for members of their team are stronger.I dont think you are right.I dont suppose he cares，does he?(2)动词 find，feel，think，consider，make，believe 等后有宾语补足语时，则需要 it 作形式宾语而将 that宾语从句后置。I think it neces

1188、sary that we take plenty of boiled water every day.(3)有些动词带宾语从句时习惯上需要在宾语从句前加 it。这类动词(短语)有 hate，enjoy，like，love，dislike，see to 等。I hate it when they talk with their mouths full.2一般情况下介词后只能用 wh类连接词引导宾语从句。We are talkingabout whether we admit students into our club.注意：(1)where 引导的从句有时也可用作介词的宾语。We could

1189、see the temple quite clearly from where we lived.(2)that 引导的从句作介词的宾语是很少有的，只有在 except，in，but 等介词后偶尔可能用到。Your composition is quite good except that the organization is a bit loose.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 200 页（共 331 页）(3)sure，certain，glad，pleased，happy，surprised 等表示“情感”的形容词后也

1190、可带宾语从句。Im sure that they will make it in spite of the terrible weather.表语从句的考查要点 1主句的主语是 idea，advice，suggestion，order，request，requirement 等名词时，表语从句的谓语应用虚 拟语气，即“(should)动词原形”的形式。His suggestion is that we(should)change our course.2主语为名词 reason 时，表语从句中的连接词要用 that，而不用 why 或 because。The reason for such a

1191、 serious accident is that the driver was too careless and drank too much.3because，as if，as though，as，like 等连接词也可引导表语从句。He has heart disease.That is because he has been smoking too much.同位语从句的考查要点 同位语从句是用以解释说明某一名词的内容的从句。1能接同位语从句的名词有：belief，fact，hope，idea，doubt，news，conclusion，suggestion，problem，order

1192、，answer，decision，explanation，information，thought 等。2同位语从句一般用 that 引导，但也可以用连接代词(what，which，who)、连接副词(when，where，why，how)或 whether 引导。I have no idea what has happened to him.3有时同位语从句不紧跟在它所说明的某个名词后，而是被别的词隔开。The story goes that William Tell didkill the king with that sword.十一 非谓语动词 非谓语动词的考查要点 1动词不定式复习中应

1193、注意的几个问题(1)不定式作表语与“beto do sth.”的异同。不定式作表语说明主语的内容或性质。My job is to teach English.(说明内容)beto do sth.(表示按计划要做的事)He is to go abroad.(2)后接不定式作宾语的词语。下列词语常接不定式作宾语：afford，promise，refuse，expect，hope，learn，offer，wish，want，fail，plan，agree，forget，like，prefer，decide，manage，try，arrange，determine，desire 等。下列词语后可接“疑

1194、问词不定式”：teach，decide，wonder，show，learn，forget，ask，find out，advise，discuss 等。(3)如何理解和使用不定式作宾补。动词(短语)see，watch，notice，hear，listen to，observe，feel，taste，smell，make，let，have 等的宾补 用动词原形，变被动时要加 to，此时的不定式就是主语补足语。常用不定式作宾补的几种情况：主语ask/require/tell/order/force/get/want/likesb.to do sth.主语think/judge/suppose/bel

1195、ieve/consider/imagine/feelsb.to be/to have done 主语call on/upon/depend on/wait for/ask forsb.to do sth.(4)不定式作定语的特殊用法。下列词语后常接不定式作定语：chance，wish，right，courage，need，promise，time，opportunity，way，the first，the second，the last，the only 等。不定式作定语和所修饰的名词在逻辑上有主谓关系。There is no one to look after her.不定式与被修饰的名词在

1196、逻辑上有动宾关系。She is now looking for a room to live in.(5)不定式作状语的用法。不定式作状语，在句中主要表示目的、结果、原因等。only to do 表示出人意料的结果。We hurried to the classroom only to find none there.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 200 页（共 331 页）in order(not)to，so as(not)to 用来引导目的状语；enough.to，so.as to do，such名词.as to do

1197、作结果 状语。The girl was so kind as to help the old man off the bus.Im not such a fool as to believe that.(6)不定式的完成时的特殊用法。表示不定式中谓语动词发生的动作先于主句的谓语动词发生的动作。The novel was said to have been published.I regret to have been with you for so many years.seem，appear，be said，be supposed，be believed，be thought，be know

1198、n，be reported 等动词常用于上面句 型。此外，glad、happy、satisfied、sorry、surprised、disappointed 后也接完成时，但要注意与一般时的区别。Im sorry to keep you waiting for a minute.对不起，请稍等。(说话时还未等)Im sorry to have kept you waiting.对不起，让你久等了。(说话时已等了很久)不定式的完成时还可表示“过去本想做某事但未做”的虚拟语气。(A)should like to/would like to/would love to 完 成 时。(B)was/we

1199、re to 不 定 式 的 完 成 时，表 示 该 做 某 事 或 想 做 但 未 实 现。(C)expected/hoped/meant/promised/supposed/thought/wanted/wished不定式的完成时，表示过去未曾实现的 愿望。(7)不定式的省略。同一结构并列由 and 或 or 连接。I want to finish my homework and go home.Im really puzzled what to think or say.特例：To be or not to be，this is a question.Itis better to laug

1200、h than to cry.(表示对比)不定式作表语，其前面的主语从句中含有 do 时，后面的 to 省略。What he did was lose the game.句中含有动词 do 时，but，except，besides，such as 等后面的 to 可省略。即“前有 do，后省 to”。Dont do anything silly，such as marry him.主句含有不定式，后面有 rather than，rather than 后省 to。Why not，had better，would rather，cant but 等词后省 to。Youd better take i

1201、t seriously.多用在同一句或联系紧密的对话中，为了避免重复，作宾语、主补或宾补的不定式再次出现时，to 后的 内容常承前省略(只保留 to 即可)。但如果承前省略的不定式有助动词 have 或 be 的任何形式，后应该保留 原形 have 或 be。Susan is not what she used to be.You came late last night.You ought to have finished your homework.I know I ought to have.常见的有：Id like/love/be happy to。2动名词复习中应注意的几个问题(1)

1202、下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest，finish，avoid，cant help，mind，enjoy，require，practise，miss，escape，pardon，advise，consider，imagine，keep，appreciate，permit。(2)下列动词短语后接动名词：leave off，put off，give up，look forward to，feel like，have trouble/difficulty(in)，devote to，be/get used to，pay attention to，be fond of，be worth。(3)介词后

1203、要接动名词；what about，how about，be fond of，be good at 等的介词后接动名词。注意 on/upon doing sth.as soon as 引导的从句，作此意讲时 on/upon 后也可以接名词。On his arrival at the station，he found the train had just started.(4)动名词作宾语和动词不定式作宾语的区别：begin，start，continue，like，love，dislike，hate，prefer，cant stand例句 1.It began to rain./It began

1204、raining.2It was beginning to snow.3I love lying(to lie)on my back.4I like listening to music，but today I dont解析 1.意思无差别，但谓语动词用进行时时，后面 只跟不定式。2表示一种倾向多接动名词作宾语，如果表 示某一特定的或具体的行动，多接不定式。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 201 页（共 331 页）remember，forget，regret，try例句 解析 1.I remember to meet her

1205、at the station.I remember seeing her once somewhere.2I forgot giving it to you yesterday.I forgot to tell you about it.Now here itis.3I regret not having worked hard.I regret to hear of your sisters death.4Try knocking at the back door.We must try to get everything ready.5That will mean flooding som

1206、e land.I had meant to go on Monday.want，require，need1.remember to do sth.记住要做的事 remember doing sth.记得过去发生的事 2forget to do sth.忘记要做的事 forget doing sth.忘记做过的事 3regret to do sth.对将要做的事抱歉 regret doing sth.对发生过的事后悔 4try to do sth.设法，试图做某事 try doing sth.试试看，试一试 5mean to do sth.打算做，想要做mean doing sth.意味着 例句

1207、 解析 1.These desks need repairing.These desks need to be repaired.2The patient required examining.The patient required to be examined.3现在分词复习中应注意的几个问题 表达意思一样，但用不定式时要用被动形式，用动名词时用主动形式(表被动意义)。(1)现在分词在句中作时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果等状语。时间状语(分词前面可加 when，while 等)Hearing the good news，he jumped with great joy.原因状语 Not ha

1208、ving finished her work in time，the boss fired her.Seeing nobody at home，he decided to leave them a note.伴随状语 The girls came in，following their parents.结果状语 The poor old man died，leaving nothing to his children.注意：现在分词作状语的几个特性：时间性。与谓语动词同时发生，用一般式，如发生在谓语动作之前 时则用完成式 having done。语态性。与句子主语之间的关系，是主谓关系或动宾关系

1209、。遵循的规则“主 动进行，被动完成”。人称一致性。分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语。(2)现在分词作表语。主语bev.ed 表示被动，主语是人；主语bev.ing 表示主动，主语是物。4过去分词复习中应注意的几个问题 过去分词作状语，可转换为相应的状语从句或并列分句，用来说明原因、时间、条件、伴随等。(1)作原因状语 Tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep.Because he was tired by the trip，he soon fell asleep.Lost in thought，he almost ran into a car.As he was

1210、lost in thought，he almost ran into a car.(2)作时间状语 Seen from the hill，the city looks like a garden.When the city is seen from the hill，it looks like a garden.(3)作条件状语 Given more time，I would have worked out the problem.If I have been given more time，I would have worked out the problem.(4)作伴随状语 like t

1211、o.5I dont prefer to swim in the river now.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 202 页（共 331 页）The teacher came in，followed by some students.The teacher came in and(he)was followed by some students.分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这 种结构称为独立主格结构。Her grandfather being ill，she ha

1212、d to stay at home looking after him.十二 动词和动词短语 动词的辨析 动词包括连系动词、及物动词和不及物动词、持续性动词与非持续性动词，是高考考查的重点，无论是单 项填空还是完形填空等题型中，动词辨析的比重都很大，并有逐年增加的趋势。动词辨析主要指：1词形相近的动词之间的辨析。如：lie，lay；rise，raise；sit，seat 等。2意义相近的动词之间的辨析。如：borrow，lend；speak，say，talk；hope，wish 等。3动词与其他词形相近、意义相似的词的辨析。如：advise，advice；cost，worth；pass，pas

1213、t 等。4意义不同但容易混淆的动词的辨析。如：explain，say；discover，invent；uncover，find 等。5某些常用动词的习惯用法的辨析。如：ask，give，call，make，get，keep，want，see，hear 等。6某些常用动词短语的辨析。如：give in，give up；turn on，turn off，turn down，turn up 等。动词短语的考查要点 动词短语是指动词和介词、副词或名词的习惯搭配。需掌握以下要点：1根据动词短语的不同特点，掌握其运用规律。(1)动词副词(不及物)Tom turned up after the party

1214、when everyone had left.(2)动词副词(及物)Please turn every light in the house off.注意：如果宾语较长，就应避免把副词同动词分开。She turned off all the lights which had been left on.如果宾语是人称代词，只能放在动词和副词之间。She gave them away.(3)动词介词(及物)You should learn to care about others.注意：当它跟宾语时，不能把介词放在宾语后面。(4)动词副词介词 I look forward to seeing yo

1215、u soon.注意：“动词介词”、“动词名词副词”、“动词副词介词”，这三种搭配都是及物的，如变成被动 语态，不可漏掉介词。In this way both grain and vegetables can be well looked after.(不能漏掉 after)2熟悉同一动词和不同介词或副词、不同动词和同一介词或同一副词搭配在意义上的差异。(1)同一动词和不同介词搭配时意义上的差异。hear from 收到的来信 hear of 听说 look after 照料 look at 看 look for 寻找(2)同一动词和不同副词搭配时意义上的差异。ring back 回电话 rin

1216、g off 挂断电话 ring up 打电话 put away 放好，收起 put on 穿上；上演 put up 挂起；举起(3)不同动词和同一介词搭配时意义上的差异。look for 寻找 ask for请求 wait for 等候 send for 派人去叫(4)不同动词和同一副词搭配时意义上的差异。break out 发生；爆发 carry out 进行；开展 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 203 页（共 331 页）go out 熄灭 hand out 分发 let out 放出 look out 当心 sell

1217、out 卖完 set out 出发 take out 取出 work out 算出 break down 坏了 come down 落下来 get down 下车 take down 取下 write down 写下 易错易混点 1lay(放)，lie(躺)与 lie(说谎)，这三个易混动词构成见下表：原形 过去式 过去分词 lay 放，搁；下蛋，产卵 laidlaidlie 躺；位于 laylainlie 说谎 liedlied2.rise 和 raise：rise 是不及物动词，其过去式是 rose，过去分词是 risen，而 raise 是及物动词，是规则动词。3hang 的用法：han

1218、g 有两个意思：一为“悬挂”，是不规则动词，过去式、过去分词都是 hung；二为“绞 刑”，是规则动词，其过去式、过去分词都是 hanged。4sit 与 seat：seat 为及物动词时作“容纳”讲，sit 只是表示一个动作；seat 表示“就座”时要用 be seated 或 用 seat oneself。如：They were seated at their desks.或 I seated myself in the armchair.5win 与 beat：win 作“胜、赢”讲时其后应接 a game，an argument，a battle，a prize，a contest，a

1219、 race，a bet等，但不能接人，如果接人则有另外的含义。如：I have won him.即“我已说服他了，我赢得了他的好感。”而 beat 是及物动词，意为“击败、胜过”，直接接人、队。6lost，gone 与 missing：作补足语时意为“丢失、不见了”，可以用 lost，gone，但要用 miss 时则不能用 missed，而要用 missing。十三 动词的时态和语态 动词时态的考查要点 1一般现在时考点分析(1)表示客观事实或普遍真理(不受时态限制)。Time and tide wait for no man.(2)表示现状、性质、状态时多用系动词或状态动词；表示经常或习惯性

1220、的动作，多用动作动词，且常与表 频率的时间状语连用。They always care for each other and help each other.(3)表示知觉、态度、感情、某种抽象的关系或概念的词常用一般现在时：see，hear，smell，taste，feel，notice，agree，believe，like，hate，want，think，belongto，seem 等。Smith owns a car and a house.All the students here belong to No.1 Middle School.(4)在时间、条件状语从句中常用一般现在时代替将

1221、来时。但要注意由 if 引导的条件状语从句中可以用 shall 或 will 表“意愿”，但不表示时态。If you will accept my invitation and come to our party，my family will be pleased.(5)少数用于表示起止或转移的动词如 come，go，leave，arrive，fly，return，start，begin，open，close，end，stop 等常用一般现在时代替将来时，表示一个按规定、计划或安排要发生的动作。当 be 表示根据时 间或事先安排肯定会出现的状态时，只用一般现在时。The shop closes

1222、 at 11：00 pm.every day.Tomorrow is Wednesday.2一般过去时考点分析(1)一般过去时的基本用法：表示过去的事情、动作或状态，常与表示过去具体的时间状语连用(或有上下 文语境暗示)；用于表达过去的习惯；表示说话人原来没有料到、想到或希望的事通常用过去式。We met her in the street yesterday.When he was young，he took cold baths regularly.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 204 页（共 331 页）(2)如果从句

1223、中有一个过去的时间状语，尽管从句中的动作先于主句发生，但从句中的谓语动词仍用过去时。He told me he read an interesting novel last night.(3)表示两个紧接着发生的动作，常由以下词语连接，用一般过去时。如：but，and，when，as soon as，immediately，the moment，the minute 等。The moment she came in，she told me what had happened to her.He bought a watch but lost it.(4)常用一般过去时的句型。Why didnt

1224、 you think of that?I didnt notice it.I forgot to tell you I had been there with my brother before.I didnt recognize him.3一般将来时考点分析(1)表示未来的动作或状态，常用 will/shall动词，常与表示将来的时间状语连用，如：tomorrow，next week等。(2)表示一种趋向或习惯动作。Well die without air or water.(3)表示趋向行为的动词如 come，go，start，begin，leave 等词常用进行时的形式表示将来时。(4)

1225、be going to，will/shall，be to do，be about to do 的用法及区别：be going to 表示现在打算在最近或将来要做某事，这种打算往往经过事先考虑，甚至已做了某种准备；shall/will do 表示未事先考虑过，即说话时临时作出的决定。be going to 表将来，不能用在条件状语从句的主句中；而 will 则能，表意愿。If it is fine，well go fishing.If it is fine，we are going to go fishing.be to do 表按计划、安排即将发生的动作，还可表示吩咐、命令、禁止、可能性等。A

1226、 meeting is to be held at 3：00 oclock this afternoon.be about to do 表示“即将，正要”，后面不能接时间状语或状语从句。Autumn harvest is about to start.4现在进行时考点分析(1)表示说话时正在发生着的一个动作；表示现阶段但不一定是发生在讲话时正在进行的动作；表近期特定 的安排或计划；go，come 等表示移动的动词可用进行时代替将来时；与 always，often 等频度副词连用，表经常反复的行动或某种感情色彩。She is teaching English and learning Chine

1227、se.He is working on a paper.I am meeting Mr.Wang tonight.We are leaving on Friday.The girl is always talking loud in public.(2)下面四类动词不宜用现在进行时。表示心理状态、情感的动词：like，love，hate，care，remember，believe，want，mind，wish，agree，mean，need 等。表存在状态的动词：appear，exist，lie，remain，seem，belong to 等。表示行为结果的动词：allow，accept，pe

1228、rmit，promise，admit，complete 等。表示感官的动词：see，hear，notice，feel，smell，sound，taste，look 等。5过去完成时考点分析(1)常用过去完成时的几种情况。在 by，by the end，by the time，until，before，since 后接表示过去某一时间的短语或从句的句子中。By the end of last year，we had produced 20,000 cars.The train had left before we reached the station.表示未曾实现的希望、打算、意图、诺言等。常

1229、用 had hoped/planned/meant/intended/thought/wanted/expected等或用上述动词的过去式接不定式的完成式，即：hoped/planned.to have done。“时间名词before”在句中作状语，谓语动词用过去完成时；“时间名词ago”在句中作状语，谓语动词 用一般过去时。He said his first teacher had died at least 10 years before.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 205 页（共 331 页）Xiao Hua le

1230、ft school 3 years ago.在 hardly/scarcely.when.，no sooner.than.句式中，主句常用过去完成时，表示“一就”。当 hardly，scarcely，no sooner 置于句首时，其后要用部分倒装。We had no sooner been seated than the bus started.No sooner had we been seated than the bus started.(2)在 before 或 after 引导的时间状语从句中用一般过去时代替过去完成时。After he(had)left the room，the

1231、boss came in.We arrived home before it snowed.6过去将来时考点分析 过去将来时表示从过去的观点来预计以后要发生的动作或存在的状态，这种时态常用于宾语从句中，主句 常是一般过去时。He always said that he would study hard at that time.7过去进行时考点分析 过去进行时表示在过去某个时刻正在进行的动作或存在的状态。He was reading an interesting book this time yesterday.8现在完成时考点分析(1)现在完成时除可以和 for，since 引导的状语连用外

1232、，还可以和下面的介词短语连用：during/in/over thelast(past)few years(months，weeks)，in recent years，so far，up to now 等。(2)下列句型中常用现在完成时 It is(has been)一段时间since 从句 This(That/It)is the first(second.)time that现在完成时 This(That/It)is the best/finest/most interesting.that现在完成时(3)在时间或条件状语从句中，现在完成时可以代替将来完成时。I shall post the

1233、letter as soon as I have written it.If you have done the experiment，you will realize the theory better.Dont get off the bus until it has stopped.9注意几组时态的区别(1)一般过去时与现在完成时：时间上有差异：凡有过去时间的均用一般过去时，不能用现在完成时，如含有 ago，last year，just now，the other day 等。结果上有差异：现在完成时强调的是对“现在”的影响和结果，动作到现在刚完成或还在继续；一般过去 时强调的是动作发生

1234、在“过去”，和现在毫无关系。(2)过去完成时与一般过去时：过去完成时强调的是“过去的过去”；如出现同一主语连续几个动作(“连谓”)形式则只用一般过去时即可。动词被动语态的考查要点 动词的被动语态的构成方式：be过去分词，口语中也用“get/become过去分词”表示。被动语态的基本 用法：不知道或没必要提到动作的执行者是谁时用被动语态；强调或突出动作的承受者常用被动语态(by 短语有时可以省略)。1使用被动语态时应注意的几个问题。(1)主动变为被动时双宾语的变化。My friend gave me an interesting book on my birthday.An interestin

1235、g book was given to me(by my friend)on my birthday.I was given an interesting book(by my friend)on my birthday.(2)主动变为被动时，宾语成主语；(作补语的)不定式前需加 to(位置不变)。The boss made him work all day long.He was made to work all day long(by the boss)(3)短语动词变被动语态时，勿要掉“尾巴”。The children were taken good care of(by her)You

1236、r pronunciation and spelling should be paid attention to.(4)情态动词，be going to，be to，be sure to，have to 等结构变为被动语态时，只需将它们后面的动词原形 变为 be过去分词。(5)当句子的谓语为 say，believe，expect，think，know，write，consider，report 等时，被动语态有两种形 式：谓语动词用被动语态，动词不定式作主补。用 it 作形式主语，真正的主语在后面用主语从句来表 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考

1237、英语备考手册 第 206 页（共 331 页）示。People say he is a smart boy.He is said to be a smart boy.It is said that he is a smart boy.People know paper was made in China first.Paper was known to be made in China first.It is known that paper was made in China first.类似句型有：It is said/known/suggested/believed/hoped/thou

1238、ght that.2不能用被动语态的几种情况。(1)所有的不及物动词或不及物动词词组不能用于被动语态之中。(2)表示状态的谓语动词，如：last，hold，contain，fit，cost 等。(3)表示归属的动词，如 have，own，belong to 等。(4)表示“希望、意图”的动词，如：wish，want，hope，like，love，hate 等。(5)宾语是反身代词或相互代词时谓语动词用主动语态，不能用被动语态。(6)宾语是同源宾语、不定式、动名词等谓语动词不用被动语态。3主动形式表被动意义。(1)当 feel，look，smell，taste，sound 等后面接形容词时；当

1239、cut，read，sell，wear，write 等带状语修饰语 时；当动词表示“开始、结束、关、停、转、启动”等意义时。The fish smells good.This kind of cloth washes easily.These novels wont sell well.My pen writes smoothly.The door wont lock.(2)当 break out，take place，shut off，turn off，work out 等动词表示“发生、关闭、制定”等意思时。The plan worked out successfully.The lamps

1240、 on the wall turn off.(3)want，require，need 后面的动名词用主动形式表示被动含义。(4)be worth doing 用主动形式表示被动含义。(5)在“be形容词to do”中，不定式的逻辑宾语是句子的主语，用主动代被动。This kind of water isnt fit to drink.The girl isnt easy to get along with.注意：be to blame(受谴责)，be to rent(出租)也用主动形式表被动。4被动形式表示主动意义的几种情况。be seated 坐着；be hidden 躲藏；be lost

1241、迷路；be drunk 喝醉；be dressed 穿着 5被动语态与系表结构的区别。此处的系表结构指“连系动词用作表语的过去分词”结构，它与被动语态的形式完全一样。要注意它们的 区别：被动语态强调动作；系表结构表示主语的特点或状态。The book was sold by a certain bookstore.(被动语态)The book is well sold.(系表结构)中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 207 页（共 331 页）备考手册八 高考英语写作专题 一、主语(S)谓语(不及物动词 V)一 五种基本句型 此句

1242、型中的谓语动词要用不及物动词或相当于不及物动词的动词短语。本身句意完整，后面不需要宾 语，但可以跟作句子状语的副词、介词短语、状语从句。The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太阳东方升起西方落下。He has been standing there.他一直站在那里。二、主语(S)谓语(及物动词 V)宾语(O)此句型中的谓语动词需要用及物动词或相当于及物动词的短语。本身句意不完整，后面必须要跟宾语，即动作的承受者，句子意思才完整。During holidays，he enjoys music every day.假期的每天他都在享受音乐。S

1243、ome of the students are always longing for holidays.有些学生总是渴望着放假。三、主语(S)系动词(V)表语(P)此句型也可以称为主系表结构。侧重说明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词常用系动词 be，表语必须用 可以表示主语身份、状态的形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式或分词等来构成复合谓语。Its getting cool，so I feel a bit cold.天变得凉爽了，所以我感觉有点冷。She is much younger than I她比我年轻多了。四、主语(S)谓语(及物动词 V)间接宾语(IO)直接宾语(DO)(1)此句型中

1244、的谓语动词比较特殊，必须跟两个宾语，即指物的直接宾语和指人的间接宾语，句子意思 才能表达完整。后跟双宾语的动词有：do，give，hand，lend，offer，owe，pass，pay，send，show，tell，wish，write，buy，choose，fetch，bring，get，leave，make，order，play，save，sing，spare 等。Mother sent me an email about her coming yesterday.昨天我妈妈给我发了一封她要来的电子邮件。(2)通常情况下间接宾语在前，直接宾语在后；有时也可把间接宾语置于直接宾语后，此时间

1245、接宾语前 需加介词 for 或 to。间接宾语后置与 for 连用的动词有 buy，make，cook，get，choose，sing，find 等。间 接宾语后置与 to 连用的动词有 give，lend，teach，take，return，send，pass 等。(2013高考陕西卷写作)My mother gave me a hug.母亲给我一个拥抱。Finally she lent her book to me.最后她把书借给了我。五、主语(S)谓语(及物动词 V)宾语(O)宾语补足语(OC)此句型中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充成分 来说

1246、明宾语，才能使句子意思完整。能作宾语补足语成分的有：名词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词等。When I saw him sleeping during class，I became very angry.当我发现他在课上睡觉时，我非常生气。一 四 七 十 五种基本句型 遣词造句 提纲作文 开放作文 二 五 八 四种并列关系 衔接过渡 图画作文 三 六 九 三大复合句式 写作亮点 图表作文 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 208 页（共 331 页）Please keep the window open，o

1247、r the room is too hot.请开着窗，否则屋里太热了。二 四种并列关系 一、并列句定义 由并列连词连接的两个或两个以上独立的句子就是并列句。其句式特点为：句子之间用逗号连词或 分号隔开或通过句意来体现。二、并列连词的分类 1同等关系：常用 and，not only.but also.，both.and.，as well as，then，when(就在这时)等。(2013高考四川卷写作)Keep it in mind，and gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefitfrom it.记住它，我们会逐渐掌握这

1248、种好的学习习惯，并从中受益。2选择关系：常用 or，otherwise，either.or.，neither.nor 等。Dont turn off the computer before closing all programs，or you could have problems.不要在关闭所有程序 之前就把电脑关机，否则你可能会遇到问题。Either you follow my instructions or you leave here.要么你遵从我的指示，要么你离开这儿。3转折关系：常用 but，still，yet，while 等。She thought I was talking

1249、about her daughter，while，in fact，I was talking about my daughter.她认为我在谈她女儿，可是，事实上我在谈我的女儿。4因果关系：常用 so，for 等。Peter went to bed early，for he felt very tired.彼得早早就睡觉了，因为他感到非常疲乏。温馨提示 1“祈使句and/or(otherwise)简单句”也是并列句的一种，or 在此意为“否则”。Give me one more minute or I wont be able to finish it.再多给我一分钟，否则我不能完成它。2no

1250、t only.but also 连接的并列句，当 not only 置于句首时，其后的句子通常要用部分倒装的形式。(2014高考浙江卷写作)They not only offer us joy and excitement，but also encourage us to thinkcritically.他们不仅能够给我们带来快乐，而且鼓励我们全面地思考。3并列句有时也可不用并列连词连接，而用分号(；)连接。The future is bright；the road is tortuous.前途是光明的，道路是曲折的。三 三大复合句式 一、名词性从句 1主语从句：在句子中充当句子主语的从句。W

1251、hen the delayed flight will take off depends much on the weather.那架延误的班机什么时候起飞在很大 程度上取决于天气。2宾语从句：在句子中作及物动词或介词的宾语。Experts think that it is tough for human beings to live on the Mars，because they will face the bitter coldweather，loneliness and fear.专家们认为对人类来说在火星上居住是艰苦的，因为他们将面临严寒天气、孤独和恐惧。3表语从句：在句子中起表语作

1252、用的从句。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 209 页（共 331 页）The question is whether we shall run out of food soon.问题是我们的食物是否很快会吃完。4同位语从句：在复合句中充当同位语的从句。He made a promise that he would never come late.他承诺永不会迟到。二、定语从句 在复合句中作定语用来修饰句子中某一名词或代词的从句，包括限制性和非限制性定语从句。However，I was busy preparing for my

1253、 final exam at that time，which was of vital importance for me.然而，那时我忙于准备期末考试，这对我来说非常重要。三、状语从句 在复合句中作状语，其位置可以在主句前或主句后。其中包括下列从句：1时间状语从句通常由 when，as，while，after，before，as soon as，since，till(until)，whenever 等引 导。When the city is still sleeping soundly before the dawn comes on，it is the cleaners who sweep

1254、 the floors orstreets in spite of the chilly wind or the heavy rain.黎明前城市仍然沉寂在一片酣睡中时，不管寒风还是大雨，是清洁工们在清扫着地面和街道。2地点状语从句通常由 where，wherever 等引导。Wherever I may be，Ill remember that Im a Chinese forever.无论我在哪里，我都会永远牢记自己是一位中国人。3原因状语从句通常由 because，since，as 和 for 等引导。Since/As the weather is so bad，we have to d

1255、elay our journey.由于天气如此之差，我们不得不推迟旅行。4目的状语从句通常由 so that.，in order that.等引导。5结果状语从句通常由 so that.，so.that.等引导，往往放在句尾。6比较状语从句通常由 as，than，as(so).as 等引导。7让步状语从句通常由 though(although)，as，even if(even though)，however，whatever 等引导。8条件状语从句通常由 if，unless，as long as 等引导。After class，I learned from the teacher that m

1256、y deskmate would have dropped out of school if he hadnt beenhelped by others.课后，我从老师那里了解到，如果我的同桌没有得到其他人的帮助的话他就辍学了。9方式状语从句通常由 as，(just)as.so.，as if，as though 等引导。温馨提示 如果一个句子有多个谓语，那么这个句子可能是并列句或者是复合句。如果有并列连词，就是并列句，如果没有就是复合句。四 遣词造句 高考书面表达最高档次的评分标准中，要求“词汇丰富，有修辞意识，显示出较强的语言运用能力”。因此要想在高考英语写作中取得高分，就必须使用一定的高级

1257、词汇及复杂句式，为文章增加闪光点，从而 提高文章的档次。一、遣词方面：1措辞要贴切具体 试比较下面句子：一个人正在街上闲逛。A man is walking down the street.A man is wandering down the street.通过比较可以看出，前一句不如后一句表达得具体、生动。一个词如果内涵越具体，那么在特定的场 景中恰当地使用它，就会收到意想不到的效果。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 210 页（共 331 页）2要善于运用短语 短语用得好，会给评卷老师留下深刻印象。例如：When he w

1258、as a child，he wanted to learneverything.(普通)When he was a child，he had a strong appetite(胃口)for knowledge.(高级)二、造句方面：1巧用非谓语动词 运用非谓语动词，可使文句看起来更简洁，使语言更加丰富多彩，重点更加突出，增加文采。I covered my ears，trying to keep the noise out，but failed.2巧用 with 复合结构“with名词/代词现在分词/过去分词/形容词/副词/介词”结构，常作伴随状语以增加被描绘内容的生 动性和情感性，使文章读起

1259、来更简洁明了。试比较：He slept all the night and the window was open.(一般)He slept all the night with the window open.(高级)3巧用复合句 评分标准中强调使用语法结构的数量和复杂性，鼓励考生尽量使用较复杂的结构，并且对由此产生的 错误采取了宽容的态度。如果恰当运用各类从句，就会增加文章的亮点。Soon I became one of the top students in my class，which greatly increased my confidence and got memotivate

1260、d.(定语从句)4巧用倒装句、感叹句、强调句、虚拟语气句等 使用这些句式可使文章化平淡为生动，加强语气，使评卷老师感受作者的强烈情感，起到升级文章的 作用。Disappointed as I felt at the shabby campus and the poorly equipped classroom，I found the teachers patient and considerate.(倒装句)5巧用排比等句式 如能运用一个个排比句、对偶句、不定式或短语，可使文章增色不少，会给评卷老师眼前一亮的感觉。The purpose of the program is to make ou

1261、r school more beautiful，to make the aircleaner and fresher，and toturn our school into a better place for us to study and live in.五 衔接过渡 能使书面表达的整篇文章浑然一体的就是一些过渡性词语的使用。这些衔接过渡性词语在句与句之 间、段与段之间起承上启下，使文章前后连贯、结构紧凑、过渡自然的作用，从而提升了表达的层次，成 为增分的亮点。具体使用时，请注意下面两点：一、使用过渡性词语 1表递进关系的过渡词 besides，in addition，moreover，wh

1262、ats more，whats worse 等。2表转折对比的过渡词 but，however，yet，instead，on the other hand，on the contrary，despite，in spite of，whereas，nevertheless等。3表结果的过渡词 so，thus，therefore，as a result，so that 等。4表换一种方式表达的过渡词 in other words，that is to say，to put it another way 等。5表达普遍规律 generally speaking，in general，all in all

1263、等。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 211 页（共 331 页）6表总结的过渡词 in a word，in short，to sum up，finally，in conclusion，in summary 等。7表特定的顺序关系的过渡词 first，firstly，second，secondly，third，thirdly，above all，first of all，then，next，finally，in the end，at last，eventually 等。二、使用过渡性句子 段与段之间除了借助于一些篇章层次上的连接

1264、性词语，如 however，on the other hand，on the contrary，similarly，therefore，in conclusion，in short 等以外，还经常需要使用一些表示过渡的句子来确保其连贯性。常见的过渡性句子类型有：1设问引出下文 为了引出下文所要表达的内容，作者有时采用设问的方式引出下文。2总体陈述不同观点 有时作者在前一个段落列举各种现象或者引出某个要供大家讨论的话题，接下来就要从整体上论述人 们对此持有的不同看法，然后再具体论述各种观点，如 Different people have differentopinions about it.等。

1265、3举实例佐证 有 时 为 了 增 强 某 个 观 点 或 者 现 象 的 说 服 力，我 们 可 以 使 用 实 例 加 以 佐 证。可 以 使 用 forexample/instance，such as，as follows 等来引出下文。六 写作亮点 提升写作档次的窍门就是增加文章中的亮点句式，打造亮点句子，巧妙布局谋篇。一、词汇的选择和使用要多样性 词汇的选择要新颖独到，在有把握的前提下，使用在阅读中碰到的高级词汇，相信阅卷者会对你的文 章刮目相看。试体会下列句子黑体部分被括号中的高级词汇替代后的效果。About the money you charge，does it cover th

1266、e entrance fees for visiting the places listed？(As for)Some of my classmates are for the move.(in favor of)二、语言结构要丰富、多变 在确保行文准确流畅的前提下，需要文字清新简练，语句灵活多变，以使文章的语言结构更加丰富多 彩。1删减赘言。删减不必要的词，句子会显得明快干练，焕发新的生机。试体会删去黑体部分后的效果。It took several months of hard work to complete the project.2用介词或名词代替动词或从句。试体会黑体部分被括号中的词

1267、替代后的效果。The flat has an area of 100 square metres and there is a bedroom，a bathroom，and a kitchen.(with)3使用短语结构来简化从句或合并短句。常见的结构有介词短语、名词短语、非谓语动词、独立主格结构、同位语等。Ill write to you the moment I arrive in Beijing.On my arrival in Beijing，Ill write to you.4通过合并，将意义相关的几个句子用一定的连接方式连接起来，或通过紧缩，去掉一些多余的成 分，可以避免句子冗长累

1268、赘，松散无力，使句子凝炼，层次清晰。I can follow my own interests.I can read books，visit museums and take computer lessons.I can follow my own interests，such as reading books，visiting museums and taking computer lessons.5增加复杂句式，改变“主谓宾”的简单句，换上句中的其他成分，或有意识地使用一些特殊效果的定 语从句、倒装句、强调句、感叹句、介词短语、短语修饰语、副词状语等，这样能增加文章的节奏感和韵 中山纪念中

1269、学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 212 页（共 331 页）律美。You can work out the problem only in this way.Only in this way can you work out the problem.It is only in this way that you can work out the problem.三、巧布局，善谋篇，层次清晰 1开头段开门见山，点明主旨 好的开端是成功的一半。而开门见山往往是阅卷人青睐的方法之一。开头点明主题，即首先用事实、观点、名言等开头吸引读者，进而直

1270、接表明文章的主旨。2主体段衔接自然，内容连贯 主体段是由一个或一个以上的自然段组成，主要用来陈述事实或列举事例，按照时间、空间、逻辑、重要性的顺序，使用对比、分类、说明等手段，对主体句进行拓展，当然每个自然段是文章的组成部分，同时本身又是一个整体，也要有自己的主体句，所以对于占文章 70%篇章的主体段落来说，这一段落的支 持材料要统一筹划，合理安排。3结尾段简洁有效，首尾呼应 结尾部分是给评卷人留下深刻印象的最后机会。结尾部分是对文章的总结和思想的升华，简短有力，言简意赅，意味深长的结尾最会打动阅卷人。七 提纲作文 一、审题谋篇 二、佳句锤炼 1作为一名高三学生，不久就毕业了，现在我有很多事情

1271、与同学们分享。(一般表达)Im a student in Senior 3 and Ill graduate soon.Now，I have a lot of things and Ill share with my fellowstudents.(高 级 表 达)(介 词 短 语 固 定 句 式 不 定 式 作 定 语)a Senior3student，I graduate.Now，I have much_my fellow students.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 213 页（共 331 页）答案：As；it wo

1272、nt be long before；to share with 2首先，我想向那些一直支持我，给我帮助和关爱的老师、父母、朋友表示感谢。如果没有他们的 帮助和建议，我的生活就会与现在不一样。(一般表达)At the beginning，I would like to show my appreciation of help from those who are standing byme all the way，teachers，parents，including friends.If there were no their help and advice，my life would bedi

1273、fferent.(高级表达)(过渡语分词作定语虚拟语气)，I would like to show my appreciation of help fromby me all the way，teachers，parents，and_._，my lifewould be different.答案：Firstly；those standing；friends included；Without their help and advice3其次，到了向我伤害或误解过的同学道歉的时间了。交流和微笑充当友谊的桥梁。(一般表达)Then，its high time that I should say so

1274、rry to my classmates.I hurt or misunderstoodthem.Communication and smiles are used as bridges to friendship.(高级表达)(过渡语固定句式定语从句)，say sorry to myclassmatesI hurt or misunderstood.Communication and smilesbridges to friendship.答案：Secondly；its high time to；whom；act as 4尤其重要的是，我已经下定决心努力学习，因为我相信，努力学习是成功的钥匙

1275、，正如古代谚语 说的“不劳无获”。(一般表达)Importantly，Ive decided to make every effort to study.I believe hard work is the key to success，like the old saying，“No pains，no gains.”(高级表达)(过渡语高级词汇原因状语从句)to make everyeffort to study，Ibelieve hard work is the key to success.，“No pains，no gains.”答案：Above all，Ive made up my m

1276、ind；for；Just as the old saying goes三、解题关键 提纲作文是高考试题中最常见的书面表达命题方式之一，通常会以中文、英文、中文英文、文字 表格、文字图片等不同的形式给出要点，并要求考生根据所列要点组织语言，将所列要点完整、清晰地 表达出来。需注意以下几点：1仔细研读题目。确定所写文章的主题、人称、大致写作内容及主要采用的时态等。2分析整合要点。对所给要点进行分析及重新整合，并适当进行细节扩展。重新整合信息是为了将 信息分为若干部分，划分依据是要点间的逻辑关系和相似性等。3确定文章体裁。根据题目要求以及要点的特征来进一步确定文章的体裁，根据要点的逻辑关系来 确定文

1277、章的整体框架和具体段落，并根据重整的信息来确定每个段落的具体内容。4斟酌具体表达。结合要点的关键词来确定所选用的具体词汇及搭配。结合要点的内容以及所确立 的文体本身的特点来选择使用何种句型。结合文体信息选择合适的句型、适时地交叉使用不同的句型也是 一种需要培养的能力。八 图画作文 一、审题谋篇 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 214 页（共 331 页）二、佳句锤炼 1图画中的信息是“百说不如一干”。(一般表达)The message in the pictures is“Actions speak louder than w

1278、ords.”(高级表达)(主语从句和同位语从句)is the message答案：What thepicturesdescribevividly/convey；that“Actions speak louder than words.”2我们的地球正受到严重的破坏。我们该怎么做，是说空话还是采取切实可行的措施呢？(一般表达)Our earth is suffering severe damage.What should we do，just have empty talk or take practicalmeasures?(高级表达)(不定式作状语高级词汇定语从句)Our earth is

1279、suffering severe damage.Should wejust_or take practical measuresthe earth?答案：pay lip service;to protect;which is suffering severe damage 3为了改善环境，我们应该立即采取措施，如停止砍伐树木。(一般表达)To improve the environment，we should take immediate action.We should stop cutting downtrees.(高级表达)(过去分词作状语)，we should take immedia

1280、te measures，such as stopping cutting down trees，to better the environment.答案：Faced with phenomenon/the problem 4我们应该把书和体育用品捐给需要的儿童，而不是空喊口号。(一般表达)We should donate books and sports goods to children in need.We shouldnt shout empty slogans.(高级表达)(it 作形式主语定语从句)Instead of shouting empty slogans，_donate b

1281、ooks and sports goods to children 答案：it is more meaningful to；who need them/needing them 5我们应该严格自觉遵守交通规则，红灯停，而不是抱怨交通拥堵。(一般表达)We should strictly and voluntarily obey traffic rules.We should stop at the red light.We shouldntcomplain about traffic jams.(高级表达)(虚拟语气倒装)strictly and voluntarily follow traf

1282、fic rulesandjust complain about traffic jams.答案：It is high time that we should;under no circumstances should we三、解题关键 图画类作文以图画和文字相结合的方式呈现内容要点，其难点在于如何将图画语言转化为逻辑语言。只有读懂图画所蕴含的深刻道理，才能有的放矢。需注意以下几点：1仔细观察图画。图画中的每一个要素对表达图画的寓意都有提示作用，注意图画中每一个要素提 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 215 页（共 331 页）

1283、供的信息。2品味图画文字。图画配有的语言文字言简意赅，认真思考这些文字所隐含的观点，使之成为弄清 图画寓意的钥匙。3挖掘深刻内涵。图画背后隐藏的深刻寓意才是图画要揭示的真正主题。挖掘出图画的寓意是写作 的关键。4适度联想发挥。图画作文一般要求做适度的联想发挥，以使上下文更好地衔接。但一定要根据图 画做到合情合理。5描写虚实结合。对图画中的内容分清主次，详略得当。6做好衔接过渡。在适度发挥的前提下，注意连词的使用，达到浑然一体的效果。九 图表作文 一、审题谋篇 二、佳句锤炼 160%的学生从父母或亲友的爱以及从温暖的家庭生活中感受到幸福。(一般表达)Sixty percent of the st

1284、udents feel happy.They have the love from their parents and relatives，andalso from the warmth of families.(高级表达)(系表结构并列连词)Sixty percent of the studentsthe love from theirparents and relativesfrom the warmth of families.答案：feel happy with；as well as 220%的学生认为他们很高兴去帮助他人，捐献给需要物品的人东西或参加义卖活动。(一般表达)Twenty

1285、 percent of the students think they are happy to help others，donate something to peoplewho are in need or take part in a voluntary selling.(高级表达)(省略结构宾语从句介词短语作定语现在分词作定语)Twenty percent think theyhelpothers，donatesomethingtopeoplevoluntary 答案：are pleased to；in need；selling 3除了以上这些方面，其他学生也描述了不同方面的幸福。or

1286、 takepartina(一般表达)Besides，the rest of the students talk about their happiness from different aspects.(高级表达)(高级词汇)，the rest of the studentstheir happiness fromdifferent aspects.(高级词汇)，their happiness from different aspects.答案：Apartfromtheabove；describe；In addition；the rest describe 4基于这些数据，可以得出结论：我们的

1287、学生对生活充满爱，但他们的生活经历是有限的，他们的 视野需要被拓宽。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 216 页（共 331 页）(一般表达)As it is based on the statistics，we can draw a conclusion.Our students have deep love forlife.Their life experience is limited，so their horizons need to be broadened.(高级表达)(过去分词短语被动语态同位语从句并列句)，but

1288、 their life experience is limited，so their horizons need to be broadened.答案：Based on the statistics;a conclusion can be drawn that our students have deep love for life三、解题关键 图表类作文一般是在图、表中给出一定的内容和情景，要求考生根据图表信息，准确、客观地反映图 表内容，并加以分析，进而得出结论，旨在考查学生从图表材料中获取信息，并转换成文字信息的能力。1仔细研读图表。认清图表中的数字、线条、阴影等部分的变化趋势和走向，抓

1289、住其主要特点，根 据图表所显示的中心信息确定主题、内容层次以及主题句。2确定主题段落。分析重组信息，根据信息的不同性质确定具体段落，列出各段的主题句。对所给 信息的转述要使用不同的表达方法，反映在文章中也就是要使用不同的词、词组、句型等。3深化阐释主题。末段通常用于深化主题，对全文进行总结，发表个人看法。写此段时要注意结论 的客观性、看法的合理性，不可妄加评断。十 开放作文 一、审题谋篇 二、佳句锤炼 1丘吉尔的名言告诉我们失败后我们不应该灰心丧气，相反，我们应该继续充满热情地努力尝试。(一般表达)This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us t

1290、hat we shouldnt lose heart rightafter failures；onthe contrary，we should continue with enthusiasm.(高级表达)(get done 与 keep doing sth.)This quotation from Winston Churchill tells us that we shouldntright after failures；instead，we shouldwith enthusiasm.答案：get discouraged；keep trying 2成功在于你经历了失败后继续努力的能力。(

1291、一般表达)Success lies in the ability to continue efforts through failures.(高级表达)(同义句转换)Successthe ability to continue efforts through failures.答案：consists in3十二岁时，作为生日礼物我收到了一辆漂亮自行车，我是那么兴奋，我迫不及待地去尝试骑自行 车，然而，骑自行车比预想的要困难得多。(一般表达)At the age of twelve，I got a nice bike as a birthday gift.I was so excited tha

1292、t I couldnt wait to try my hand at riding it.However，it was harder than it was expected.(高级表达)(so 倒装句型，省略)At the age of twelve，I got a nice bike as a birthday gift.I couldnt wait to try my hand at riding it.However，it was harder 答案：So excited was I that；than expected中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017

1293、 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 217 页（共 331 页）4自行车看起来太沉，太难控制了，我从自行车摔了那么多次数，我想放弃。(一般表达)The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.I took many falls off the bike and I wanted togive it up.(高级表达)(so.that)The bike seemed too heavy and difficult to control.I tookoff thebikeI wanted to give it up.答案：so many fall

1294、s；that 5在我正要放弃时，父亲过来鼓励我继续努力，随着多次练习，我骑得越来越好了。(一般表达)Im going to give up and just at that time my father came and encouraged me tokeep going.Withmore practice，I did better and better.(高级表达)(be about to do sth.when.)Imy father came andencouraged me to keep going.With more practice，I did better and bette

1295、r.答案：was about to give up when 6回想起来，如果我当时失去信心的话，我认为我就不会骑自行车了。(一般表达)When I look back，I feel I wouldnt be able toride a bike if I had lost heart.(高级表达)(非谓语动词作状语)，I feel I wouldnt be able to ride a bike if I had lost heart.答案：Looking back7事实上，我们不可能事事成功，重要的是我们应该坚持。(一般表达)Actually，we cant succeed inevery

1296、thing we try.It is important that we should stick at it.(高级表达)(what 引导主语从句)Actually，we cant succeed in everything we try，we should stick at it.答案：whats important is that 三、解题关键 做这类题时，考生首先要读懂所给的英语提示或图画提示，弄清情况和要求，然后抓住关键词句，进 行记叙、解释、说明、议论，再根据要求去合理地想象，并用通顺的语言写出。具体做到：1认真审题，把握要求，找准关键句，提炼主题；2依据主线，草拟提纲，梳理文章脉

1297、络；3定位人称，确立时态，遣词造句组篇章。开放作文通常以提供一个故事材料为主，人称的使用较 为灵活，考生应该依据文章提示准确定位人称；其后考生再将重点放在文章的遣词造句上，应尽可能运用 自己熟悉的单词、短语或句型来灵活表达。4升华主题，最后一段要围绕主题进行升华，点出其哲理以及对人们的启示。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 218 页（共 331 页）备考手册九 阅读理解、完形填空解题策略与技巧点拨 一 阅读理解之主旨大意题 二 阅读理解之细节理解题 三 阅读理解之词义猜测题 四 阅读理解之推理判断题 五 阅读理解之篇章结构题

1298、六 阅读理解之写作目的与观点态度题 七 阅读理解之七选五 八 完形填空之对句子结构分析不清楚 九 完形填空之对近义词区分不清 十 完形填空之逻辑推理不严密 十一 完形填空之上气下气难贯通对段落关系及解题线索把握不准确 十二 完形填空之对作者的写作意图不明了 一 阅读理解之主旨大意题 主旨大意题在阅读理解试题中所占比例及难度都相当大。主旨大意是作者在文章中要表 达的主要内容，是全文的核心，是作者在文章中努力通过各种信息来阐明的中心话题。把握 主旨大意对正确理解全文具有重要意义。主旨大意题旨在考查考生对文章大意的理解和概括 能力。考题中往往出现下列词语：subject，topic，theme，ti

1299、tle，main idea 等。（一）解题策略 1.采用浏览法抓住主题句。主题句通常在文章开头或结尾，而段落主题句有可能在一段的开头或结尾。主题句常出 现在“总结性”语言的“信号词或短语”后，如：in summary，in a word，as a result，finally，in short，in conclusion 和 in brief 等；主题句常出现在“转移话题式”语言的“信号词”后，如：but，however，nevertheless，hence 等。标题的语言特点：独特新颖、概括性强、短小精悍。2抓住段落大意，概括中心思想。寻找整篇文章的中心思想是建立在寻找段落中心的基础上的。各

1300、段落中心的整体归纳便 是文章的中心思想。不能以偏概全，也不能在概括时过于宽泛，要恰如其分。3抓住主线和关键，归纳文章大意。没有主题句的文章，可以分析每段的段落大意以及表现活跃的高频词汇来确定主题，最 后进行归纳总结。（二）技巧点拨 该类题型中的干扰项与正确项有以下特点，同学们请注意：1.正确选项的特点(1)通常不含细节信息和表示绝对意义的词。(2)能概括文章或段落的主要内容。2.干扰项的特点(1)以偏概全。概括的范围过于狭窄，只阐述了文章的一部分内容(也就是文章的局部信息)或文章主题的一个侧面。(2)断章取义。以文章中的个别信息或个别字眼作为选项的内容，或者以次要的事实或细 节冒充全文的主要观

1301、点。(3)主题扩大。归纳、概括的范围过大，超过文章实际所讨论的内容。(4)似是而非。关键词好像在文章中提到了，但认真分析之后会发现它与文章的内容毫无 联系。(5)张冠李戴。命题者有意把属于 A 的特征放在 B 上。二 阅读理解之细节理解题 高考中细节理解题通常占阅读理解题总数的一半以上。细节理解题主要考查考生对文章 细节的理解，一般对文中已提到的事物、现象或理论进行发问，通过语句的同义或反义转换 来考查考生对语篇的理解能力。（一）解题策略 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 219 页（共 331 页）1.利用“跳读法”和“定位法

1302、”做细节题目，无需通篇细看全文，应带着问题找答案，通过跳读迅速定位与题目相关的 信息，然后对选项与原文进行信息加工比对，准确确定答案。2利用“选项对比法”此法一般用来解决信息排序题，即：四个选项中可以先用排除法确定第一个，缩小选择 范围，然后根据另一个事件确定答案，这一方法可以先分析选项，将选项分组逐一比对来确 定或排除选项。3利用加减乘除法 此法来解决数学计算类题目，做此类题要审清题目，弄清问题，比对原文中的数字和单 位，不要忽略任何信息，一般再通过简单的加减乘除便可知答案。4利用“排除法”此法用来解决正误判断题，这类题型相对信息量大，误导性强，考查学生分析问题的能 力更为突出，在排除选项时

1303、一定做到准确无误。仔细揣摩文中信息与选项信息的吻合性。（二）技巧点拨 1.无论哪种细节题目，所选答案必须与原文主题保持一致。2.该题型正确选项与干扰项的特点如下：(1)正确选项的特点 对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，变成正确选 项。词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，变成正确选项。正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达，变成正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。(2)干扰项的特点 将原文内容扩大或缩小。把原文中的限定词去掉或替换，使该选项看似正确，实际上 却是错误选项。把

1304、未然当已然。改变文中某句话的时态，如把将来时变成现在时，把未发生的事情当 成已发生的事情。无中生有。即选项内容是根据主观想象或推测得出的结论，而文中并未涉及。偷换概念。把原来做该事的“张三”换成“李四”，而所述细节却与原文一致，一不小心 就会误选。文不对题。这类选项最不容易辨别，选项中的描述与原文完全一致，确实属于原文中 的一个细节，这时要回到题干，看该选项是否能回答题干所提的问题。符合常识，但不是文章内容。部分正确，部分错误。三 阅读理解之词义猜测题 词义猜测题主要考查考生利用同义或反义关系、构词法、语法和语篇文脉等理解词义的 能力，包括考查生词词义和熟词生义，或是一些短语的引申义或一句话的

1305、含义。近几年，词 义猜测题越来越受到命题者的青睐，近年大部分地区的高考英语试卷都有词义猜测题，有的 甚至涉及多道，词义猜测题要求考生在准确理解上下文的基础上答题，若平时就具有较大的 阅读量，掌握或认识较多的课外词汇，那答题就会更加迅速和准确。（一）解题策略 1.利用上下文语境及生活常识猜测 2利用构词法猜测 利用上下文中出现的与该词相关的同义词，近义词，甚至反义词，以及前缀、后缀，词 根等来推测词义。3利用定义，解释，举例进行猜测 此类题目会出现类似于：for example,such as,mean,refer to,that is to say,in other words 等 词汇或出现

1306、破折号、冒号等。4根据句子与句子之间的逻辑关系进行猜测 在一个句子或段落中，有时会存在两个句子之间的转折，递进，因果，并列，对比等关 系的词汇：however,but,so,thus,instead of,in contrast,whats more 等过渡性词汇。（二）技巧点拨 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 220 页（共 331 页）1.词义猜测题最常见的方法是代人法，即将选项一一代替画线部分的内容，判断哪一选 项更适合语境，因此，熟练掌握基础词汇尤其重要。2.正确选项与干扰项的特点如下：(1)正确选项的特点 相应词语的

1307、同义词语。对相应语句的解释、复述或概括。(2)干扰项的特点 对原相应表达方式的不正确改写。故意丢三落四。半对半错。曲解原意。这些干扰项有时会使用较多原句中的表达方式，给人似是而非的误导，考生要多加注意。四 阅读理解之推理判断题 推理判断题是阅读理解中层次较高、难度较大的题目。在一篇阅读理解中一般有 13 道 该类题目。该类题要求考生在理解表面文字的基础上根据文章提供的事实和线索通过语篇逻 辑关系，研究细节的暗示，推敲作者的态度，理解文章的寓意等，从而得出文章中隐含的深 层意思，也就是通过文章中的文字信息、上下文逻辑关系等已知信息，推断出作者没有提到 的或者明说的事实或情感，或者可能发生的事。做

1308、推理判断题要以文中的信息为依据，既不 能作出在原文中找不到依据的推理，也不能过度推理。同时，考生应多了解国外文化与习俗，这有助于理解文章。（一）解题策略 1.细节推断题的判断方法 抓住特定信息进行逆向或正向推理。做此类试题要抓住相关内容的关键信息(即某些关键 词或词语)去分析、判断，利用逆向思维或正向推理，从而推断出该信息所隐含的深层含义。只有正确把握文章的内在联系，理解文章的真正含义，才能作出准确的推断。2预测推断题的判断方法 根据文章中所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理，从而得出合乎逻辑 的结论。对此类题，注意弄清作者的写作思路，决不能按自己的主观经验去推理。3文章来源或读者

1309、对象推断题的方法 考生要具备一定的常识，对报纸、杂志、网络、科普知识、小说、童话、广告、说明书、旅游指南等有基本了解。这样才能在做题时根据文章的特点选出最佳答案。（二）技巧点拨 1.推理判断题必须要以把握全文为前提，不可以偏概全，断章取义，更不可用自己的观 点代替作者的观点，所有推理必须有文章信息为依据，否则会做出错误选择。2.正确选项与干扰项的特点(1)正确选项的特点 在文章中可以找到信息支持，并且可以推断出正确选项。大多含义深刻，不是常识选项。(2)干扰项的特点 颠倒是非：选项的结果与推断出来的正确结果相反。照搬原文：原文里有相关的直接信息，不需要经过推断。推理过度：把文章中的一些个案绝对

1310、化、扩大化。无中生有：捏造原文中并不存在的信息，并以此作为依据进行推断。五 阅读理解之篇章结构题 把握文章的基本结构有利于理解文章主题。在近几年的高考题英语试题中出现了专门考 查文章结构和写作手法的考题，如安徽卷中的任务型读写题、江苏卷中的任务型阅读和湖南 卷中的填空题就考查了考生对文章结构的理解。北京卷、陕西卷、重庆卷在近几年的阅读理 解中也比较注重对文章结构的考查。在考试大纲中也明确要求考生“理解文章的基本结构”。高考对文章结构的考查主要涉及两个层次。一是按段落的组织方法理解文章的结构，二是按 写作方法(论证方法)理解文章的结构。解题策略 1.段落组织类题型 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016

1311、 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 221 页（共 331 页）主要考查结构有总分；分总；总分总等形式。解答这种类型的题目，需把握全文的逻辑 框架，理解段落与段落之间的关系：如并列，递进，转折，因果等，分析各段落与文章主旨 之间的关系来确定全文的篇章结构特点。2写作手法类题型 作者采用不同方法来组织文章，如：(1)时间顺序。按照时间先后顺序说明某一事物的发展，或某一研究成果由过去到现在的 发展情况。(2)空间顺序。按照事物的空间结构顺序，例如从左到右，从内到外，从整体到局部等进 行描写或者说明。(3)举例。所列举的事物用来佐证观点，通常是数据、事例等。(4)类

1312、比。这类文章通常以对比事物之间的共同点或者差异为主。解答该类型题目，考生要准确理解文章主旨大意，清楚地把握文脉，即句与句，段与段 之间的逻辑关系，弄清作者的写作思路，才能做出正确的答案。六 阅读理解之写作目的与观点态度题 写作意图题与观点态度题也是阅读理解中常见的题目，且难度较大，它主要考查考生是 否了解文章作者或文中人物对某事物所持的观点或态度，考生是否能在掌握主旨大意的情况 下了解作者写作目的是什么。分析掌握作者的写作目的也是准确把握文章主题的功能之一。近几年高考题中这两种类型的题目呈现上升趋势，考生不能忽略它们的比重。（一）解题策略 1.写作意图类 写作意图推断题要求考生根据文章的论述，

1313、揣测作者的写作意图及作者运用某种写作手 法的目的。作者一般不直接表明自己的意图，而是通过文章所提供的事实，客观地使读者信 服某种想法或观点。这种题型要求考生不但能理解文章的大意，同时还要具备对作者阐述问 题的方法进行分析和归纳总结的能力。一般来说，我们可以通过分析文章的文体特点，理解作者的词句选择和识别文章的语气 来推断出作者的写作意图。2观点态度类 态度倾向推断题旨在考查考生是否了解作者或文中人物对某人/事物所持的观点或态度，它要求考生具有在正确理解文意的基础上，对观点或态度倾向进行分析、识别的能力。评述 性推断题要求考生对文章所交代的人或事进行评价，此时要注意作者对相关人或事的细节描 写。

1314、要正确把握文章字里行间的意思，切勿用自己的观点代替作者的观点。另外，要特别留 意那些描写环境、气氛的语言以及表达感情、态度或观点的词语。（二）技巧点拨 无论写作意图还是作者态度，这两种类型的题目均是推断题中的一部分，因此，解答此 类题目必须要准确定位主旨大意，不可有任何偏离。七 阅读理解之七选五 阅读理解 7 选 5 要求考生选择恰当的句子填入文章空白处，使文章完整。每个选项只能 填入一次。阅读理解 7 选 5 考查的重点在文章的结构上，这需要考生具有较强的逻辑思维、推理判断和整合信息的能力。（一）解题策略 一、如何利用语段中暗含的语意确定选项 文章的内容是根据各层次、各段落的大意有机地组合而

1315、成的，各个层次、各个段落之间 不管怎样安排，但其所表达的内容都是围绕中心的，各句之间都有一定的联系。从语意上来 看，语段中句子与句子之间的关系可分为同位、解说、指代(呼应)、总分等。构成语段的各 个句子之间有时可以包含一种以上这样的关系。因此，考生在理解阅读材料时一定要把握文章脉络，看空前空后句，找出解题关键词，注意代词、定冠词和连词等线索，尤其要弄清楚句子中出现的人称代词或者指示代词是指代 哪一个名词或者哪一个句子的，通过代词在句子中所作的成分推断出其指代的内容，这样有 助于考生理解句与句之间的意义，把握作者的思路。考生也可以通过句子的标点符号来判断 语意，理清句子与句子之间的关系，进而理解

1316、语段或全文的内容。二、如何利用段落主题句选择正确选项 英文中”开门见山”与“结尾总结”的写作方式比较常见。首段一般是全文的主题所在，说 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 222 页（共 331 页）明本文将探讨哪些内容，并简要指出文章的写作思路，有时甚至会以提纲的形式呈现。同样，有些段落会将主题句放在首句，考生可以迅速明确段落的情节将如何展开，并对文章的写作 主题有一个整体的了解。有时，文章的写作方式为”结尾总结”式。据此就可以判断主旨概括 句类型的选项，即放在句首或句末的空格。三、如何利用过渡词解题 文章的语句间的组合，除了可

1317、以从语句间的意义关系分析外，还可借助句子之间的连接 性词语来把握。如果挖空的位置在段中，则其所填写的句子应与前句、后句保持一致。因此，考生在做题时要学会瞻前顾后，关注体现前后句逻辑关系的过渡词。但在具体解题时有不少 考生不能准确判断这种关系。现将能表明语段中句与句之间、层与层之间的基本关系的连接 性词语列举如下：因果：so,therefore,thus,hence,accordingly,consequently,as a result 等。条件：as(so)long as,on condition that,if,unless 等。并列：first,second,third.;firstly

1318、,secondly,thirdly.;first，next,then.;in the first place,inthe second place.;for one thing，for another 等。转折：however,nevertheless,still,though,yet,otherwise 等。对比：on the contrary,in contrast to,by contrast,by comparison，conversely 等。递进：besides,furthermore,to make matters worse,moreover，whats more 等。列举：f

1319、or example,for instance,like,such as 等。（二）技巧点拨 该题型的备选项可分为主旨概括句(文章整体内容)、过渡性句子(文章结构)和注释性句子(上下文逻辑关系)三类。其多余干扰项也往往从这三方面设置，例如主旨概括句过于宽泛、以偏概全或偏离主题，过渡性句子不能反映文章的组织结构，注释性句子与上下文脱节等。八 完形填空之对句子结构分析不清楚（一）解题策略 近几年的完形填空试题中经常出现较长的句子，这些句子的结构相当复杂，给考生理解 文章造成一定的困难。英语中的长难句有如下几个特点：句子信息量大，结构复杂，附加成分多，分隔现象普 遍(主谓分隔、同位语分隔、定语分隔等

1320、)，有时还会出现省略现象。具体来说，英语中常见的长难句：(1)夹杂有非谓语动词即：过去分词、动词 ing 形式或动词不定式。(2)夹杂有形容词(短语)、副词(短语)、介词短语。(3)夹杂有时间状语从句、条件状语从句或让步状语从句。(4)夹杂有虚拟语气、宾语从句或定语从句。在确定答案时，考生既要考虑语意衔接是否紧密，又要考虑是否合乎语法规则。解题过 程中考生应仔细分析句子结构，在不影响句意理解的基础上去掉无关紧要的干扰成分，如插 入语、修饰语等，然后结合语境和语法进行分析。如果遇到看似比较熟悉的句型，应立刻联 想到与之相关的句式及其用法，如“not.until.”，“whether.or.”，“

1321、so.that.”，“hardly.when.”，“sb.was doing/was about to do/had just done sth.when.”等。另外，还要留意某些连词的特殊含 义，如 while 引导让步状语从句时表示“虽然，尽管”，连接并列句时表示对比等。在近几年的高考试题中，完形填空中的长难句屡见不鲜，有时一个长句中会设置两个空 格，给考生造成理解障碍，增加了试题难度。理解长难句的关键方法是结构分析法。结构分析法就是运用语法知识，迅速弄清句子的 主语和谓语，把握句子的基本结构，这样各个部分之间的关系就会变得一目了然。在分析句 子结构时，可以去掉句子中的干扰成分，如状语、定

1322、语、插入语等，让句子变得简洁，从而 有助于作出正确的判断。如果句子是复合句，就要利用所学的名词性从句(包括主语从句、宾 语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等相关知识进行判断，从而正确理解 句意。（二）技巧点拨 研读首尾抓主题 一般来说，很多文章会按照”总分总”的思路来写。首先提出主题，接着对主题进行 分析、叙述，最后进行归纳、总结，得出结论或提出建议。因此，一般根据文章的首段及尾 段就能抓住文章的主题。上下联系寻信息 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 223 页（共 331 页）在文章中，句与句之间、段与段之间紧

1323、密相连、浑然一体。因此，完形填空中经常会出 现前面的信息为后面的空白提供暗示，而后面的信息有可能是前面空白的答案的情况。这时，考生切不可死盯空白不放，而要联系上下文，寻求信息以确定答案。集中精力破难题 每篇完形填空有 20 道题，其中有 24 道题的难度较大，考生可能在短时间内很难确定 答案。考生应该在做完其他题后，集中精力，对这几道难以确定答案的题进行分析，作出决 定。回读检查补漏洞 做完之后，再用 23 分钟的时间将全文联系起来进行回读，查看所填单词或短语是否与 语境相符。这样，通过查漏补缺，提高得分率。九 完形填空之对近义词区分不清（一）解题策略 高考完形填空对近义词的考查难度相对较高，

1324、它不仅考查四个选项在具体语境中的区别，而且更侧重考查四个近义词选项的辨析。近几年的高考完形填空题对近义词辨析的考查情况 基本保持稳定，其高频考点有近义名词、近义动词、近义形容词、近义副词、近义连词、近 义介词、近义代词。在平时学习词汇、短语时，要注意一词多义的现象，特别是词汇、短语的引申义。比如，当你学习 commit 这个词时，不但要了解它有“犯(罪或错等)”之意，而且还要知道它有“承诺，自杀”之意。又如，短语 pick up，除可作“拿起”解外，还可译为“搭载，(偶然)得到，学会，听到”。我们还可以根据英语单词以及一些固定词组的意义或结构将其进行归类、比较，成组 成串地记忆，从而提高英语学

1325、习效率。这样归纳复习，考生可以使学过的单词、短语条理化、系统化，提高运用词语的准确率。此外，还应注意不断提高在具体的语境中灵活运用词语的 能力。（二）技巧点拨 1.形义兼顾，重视语境。既然四个选项的形式完全相同，那么就要注意区分它们之间在意义上和搭配上的微小差 别，形义兼顾。同时，一定要把这些选项放在特定的语境里进行区分、判断，从而选出最佳 答案。2利用同义词、近义词和反义词的复现规律答题。在解题过程中，有时会发现一些与选项意义紧密相关的同义词、近义词或反义词。因此，要学会充分利用这些词提供的有效信息进行合理的推断，选出正确答案。十 完形填空之逻辑推理不严密（一）解题策略 每篇完形填空都是一篇

1326、语境完整的文章，只不过是人为地切断了文章的思路，然后让考 生依据自己对文章的理解将文章恢复原貌，所以，许多试题实际上是考查考生对上下文逻辑 的理解和推断。对于考生来说，推理判断类题目虽然不能在文中直接找到答案，但考生可以在文中找到能进 行推理判断的依据。完形填空逐渐减少了对语法的考查，朝着深层次和语境化的方向发展，因此考生必须借 助上下文乃至全文语境来揣摩作者对主要角色、事件的态度。在答题过程中，除了把握关联 词语外，还要把握作者的语气等。语境大致可分为三个层次：空格前后的细节内容，全文的主旨大意，作者的写作背景、写作思路及意图。考生在做题时，一定要从这几个方面入手，从整体上把握文章内容，弄清

1327、 文章的结构和内在逻辑关系，同时认真比较所给选项，从中选出最符合语境的选项。其实，解答完形填空的过程就是与作者进行交流的过程，考生应该在理解文章大意的基 础上把握作者的思路及其要表达的意思，让自己的思维模式与作者的思维模式保持一致，这 样才有利于正确地进行推理判断。考生在解题过程中应该以文章为依据，不可用自己的思维 模式去代替作者的思维模式。（二）技巧点拨 解答完形填空题需要考生进行阅读、理解、推理和判断，需要对四个选项进行仔细的辨别、分析，从而去伪存真。有时考生会遇到这样的情况，对某个题目的正确选项的含义、用法不 甚明白，但发现其他选项不符合语境，这时，考生就可以用排除法。所谓排除法，就是将

1328、选 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 224 页（共 331 页）项逐项检查、验证，发现不符合语境的选项立即剔除。随着选择范围的缩小，选中正确选项 的几率逐渐增大。排除法如果运用得好，可以大大节省时间和精力。如何处理一句两空甚至一句三空类试题？做完形填空题时，遇到一句话中有两个或三个空，首先要把这句话看完，在这几处同时试 填。根据上下文的关系，找到一个比较确定的选项，先把这一空填上，然后再把剩下的空补 全。如果无法立刻把剩下的空补上，也不要急于选择，要接着往下读，然后，再回过头来看 是否可以确定答案。这时考生已经掌握了较全面的信

1329、息，有助于前面空格处的答案的确定。最后，根据上下文的逻辑关系、习惯搭配、语法知识等把所缺的空补全。十一 完形填空之上气下气难贯通对段落关系及解题线索把握不准确（一）解题策略 根据上下文的信息提示进行逻辑推理，做到“上气下气要贯通”，是解答完形填空题的主要 方法。考生不仅要从句子之间的关系入手进行把握，有时还要从段落之间的关系入手进行把 握。此外，通过分析上下文的逻辑关系也可以确定答案。针对所给选项，考生应理解上下文关 系，如转折关系、让步关系、因果关系、对比关系等。每篇文章都是按照一定的线索来组织语言的，如果没有一定的线索，文章就会显得杂乱无 章，让读者感觉一头雾水。下面这篇完形填空是以赠人手

1330、套为线索而展开的，抓住了这一线 索，解答以下所给题目就比较容易了。在解题过程中，考生首先应该把握文章的脉络，抓住结构、语意、逻辑三条主线，然后根 据转折、因果、对比等关系进行推理和判断，使填入后的选项符合语意要求，从而使文章通 顺、连贯。（二）技巧点拨 考生在做题时要善于从上下文中寻找相关的提示信息，可以利用正向推断法、逆向推断 法和正向逆向联合推断法寻找相关信息。正向推断法要求考生利用已知信息推断下文未知信息。考生应认真阅读并分析上文内容，弄清事实，并思考下文的发展方向，从而推断下文的未知信息。逆向推断法要求考生利用下文已知信息反向推断上文未知信息。当利用上文已知信息无 法准确推断下文未知信

1331、息时，不能着急，应沉着冷静地阅读下文，看下文哪些事实或细节是 上文未知信息的延伸和发展，并由此推断出空格处的未知信息。在很多情况下，空格处的未知信息既不能单独由上文已知信息正向推断而出，又不能单 独由下文已知信息反向推断而出，而需要考生利用上文和下文已知信息联合推断而出。考生 应当认真阅读并分析上下文，看哪些细节或事实与空格处有联系，并由此推断出空格处的未 知信息。（一）解题策略 十二 完形填空之对作者的写作意图不明了 完形填空旨在考查考生对文章内容的理解以及对作者的写作意图的把握。考生应该重视首 句，通过首句把握文章的大意和作者的写作意图。如果首句信息不明显，考生可结合尾段进 行推断。假如两

1332、种方法均不可取，考生可在理清文章脉络和掌握文章大意的基础上，通过字 里行间的内容进行逻辑推理。仔细研究近几年的高考完形填空，我们可以看出，完形填空主要以记叙类和夹叙夹议类的 文章为主，而且往往涉及人物的心理描写，考生应该通过字里行间的内容体会主人公的心理 活动，弄懂主人公对人物或事件的态度，身临其境，与主人公的思维保持一致。（二）技巧点拨 读懂作者的态度。分析全文，弄清作者是否一直用某种态度叙述某件事情，正确把握反 映作者情感的关键词。解答完形填空时要注意解题速度，不可为一道难题苦思冥想，耗时大多。应该绕道而行，先做较容易的题目，再解决难度大的题目。信息掌握得越多，文章意思理解越透，解题难度

1333、就越小。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 225 页（共 331 页）备考手册十 语法填空考点分析与解/答题技巧 一 高考英语语法填空题考点分析与解题技巧 语法填空题的设臵是广东高考英语试题的一项创新，它将语法知识的考查臵于一篇英语短文中，通过设臵纯空格题填空和给词填空两种形式来表现，突出考查了学生通过语境运用语法知识的能力，更能客观、准确地考量学生的语法知识水平。此题虽然只有 15 分，占英语全卷分数的十分之一，但 也是英语考卷的重要组成部分，不容忽视。要想此题有好的发挥，学好语法，注重运用必不可少，这 是基础；了解考点，掌握

1334、解题技巧才是确保得分的关键。一、语法填空题命题原则及考点分析。（一）命题原则：1.短文题材：题材多样，或体现文化内涵、文化交往，或给人以启迪等。2.短文长度：约 200 词，一般不超过 12 句话，设 10 个空，句首不设空。3.短文难度：没有超出课标的生词，但有课标单词的派生词，此题考查考生在特定语境中语法的分析 和运用能力。4.考点设臵：只能填一个词的纯空格题：设 6-7 个小题；用所给的词填空题：设 3-4 小题。纯空格题 通常考冠词、介词、代词和连词等词；给词填空通常考谓语动词的时态和语态、非谓语动词、形容词 和副词的比较级和最高级、此类转换等，答案可能是一个单词、两个单词或两个以上单

1335、词。5.常常会出现所填词位于句首，目的是考查该单词的第一个字母要大写。（二）考点分析：语法填空题主要考查的是语法和上下文的连贯性，而语法是重点。它主要考查的内 容为高中英语大纲要求的基本语法知识、词汇、习语和较为简单的英语表 达方式的掌握情况。具体考点和命题特点如下：1每一个空格的设臵都必定涉及到某一条或某几条语法规则，不会单纯考查单词的拼写和词组的用 法。【例 1】In Greece women had little freedom.Wealthy women hardly left their houses,but theyto attend weddings and some festi

1336、vals.(allow)【解析】因 allow 与 they 在逻辑上是动宾关系，要用被动语态，用 be allowed;由 had 和 left可知 be 是过去式；主语是复数 they,be 的过去式应是 were,答案就是 were allowed.此题就涉及 到动词的时态、语态和主谓一致三条语法规则。【例 2】Thewhy I was sad was that he didnt understand me.【解析】因为 why 引导的定语从句，前面的先行词一定是 reason.此题看起来是考查填入适当的 名词。但实际上是考查定语从句 2.考虑语境。既然采用短文形式来考查语法，其目的就是

1337、要利用短文以较强的语境特点来命题，否则，就不如用单句来考查语法了，考生要想填出正确答案，至少要理解整个句子的意思或各分句之间的逻 辑关系，或者需要理解前后几个句子，甚至整个段落或篇章。【例 3】Several changes have brought wild animals to the.Foremost,air and water quality in manycities have improved as a result of the 1970s pollution control efforts.【解析】：在冠词 the 后必定是名词，再根据下句确定填 cities。本题若只根据设空

1338、格本身，而不 阅读并理解下文。是无法填出正确答案的。3.考点分散。基本上一个空格代表一个语法点，十个空格有可能涉及十个或十个以上的语法点。至少 也得有 7 个语法点。因此，重复考查某项语法的可能性较小，填词相同的空格几乎没有可能。4.适当提示。涉及到动词的时态，语态、非谓语动词、词类转换等需要词形变换的空格，要紧扣上下 文的信息提示。【例 4】Oil prices have risen by 32 percent since the start of the year,barrel on April 4.(reach)a record$57.65 a【解析】reach 及后面的内容是伴随着谓语

1339、动词的发生而产生的自然结果。用现在分词作状语，故填 reaching。【例 5】It would be(believe)that such an honest fellow should have betrayed his friends!【解析】因为在系动词 be 后作表语。要用 believe 的形容词形式 believable，由句意“这样一个老 实人竟会出卖朋友，真难以臵信”可知，要加前缀变为反义词。故答案是 unbelievable。5.考题一般涉及到的语法项目：1）动词与介词或副词搭配构成的固定动词短语；2）冠词的用法：有时要填的词是名词，但往往考的是冠词的用法；3）连词的用法，包

1340、括从属连词和并列连词；4）派生词的用法。5）动词的适当形式（包括谓语动词的时态和语态以及 非谓语动词的用法等）；6）情态动词的用法；7）定语从句。名词性从句、状语从句的引导词等。8）代词的用法：人称代词、指示代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词等。特别提醒：1）适当注意倒装句中的助动词和强调谓动词的助动词的用法；一 高考英语语法填空题考点分析与解题技巧 二 高考英语语法填空答题技巧 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 226 页（共 331 页）2）名词的数和所有格有可能在给词填5 空中考察；4）要填写的词位于句首要注意大写；5）考

1341、生需要具备句子结构分析的能力:首先，应熟练掌握简单句的五大基本句型；其次，要充分了解词类及语法功能；再次，要会分析并列 句，主从复合句等；要懂得两个简单句间不用分号或句号，就必须用连词，否则句子结构不完整。二、语法填空题解题思路和做题技巧。通过对命题思路和考点的分析。考生对此题要“考什么”和“怎么考”有了明确的认识。接下来要弄清楚 的是“如何做题”和确保考试得分的问题了。下面就谈一谈这方面的事。（一）解题思路。做语法填空题时，可以用一种由大及小的思路去（其根据是此题的特点-语境与语法相结合）思考答案。也就是说，可以从“篇章，句子，词汇”三个层面去思考。1.通读全文，了解大意，弄清文脉。考生不要

1342、读一句就填一个答案，首先要把括号有提示的空格视为已知条件，通读全文，了解文段内容 及要点。2.结合语境，试填空格，先易后难。基本了解文章大意后，就可以动手填空了。分析句子结构与空格、边读边填，遇到一时想出来的答案，不要用太多时间停留在此题上，先跳过去，做后面的题，待填完其他空格后，再回过头来细细推敲此 空的语义，填入最佳单词。具体体现为八条思路：二 高考英语语法填空答题技巧 语法填空是通过语篇在语境中考察语法知识的运用能力，我们在解题前应快速浏览短文掌握大 意，有把握的空格可以先进行填写。在读懂短文的基础上，再结合短文提供的特定的语言环境去逐句 分析，逐题解答。下面按题型设计分三种情况：一、纯

1343、空格试题的解题技巧 纯空格填空题主要是填冠词、介词、代词、连接词(含从属连词和并列连词)等虚词。首先，分析句子结构，根据句子所缺成分确定填哪类词。然后，根据句子意思，确定具体填什么 词；或根据两句间的逻辑关系确定具体用哪个连词。共有以下 6 个技巧：技巧 1：在简单句和并列句中，若句子缺主语或宾语，一定是填代词。例 1：I cant send a message to Kenya whenever I want to,and 1gets there almost in a second.技巧 2：名词前面，若没有限定词（冠词、形容词性物主代词、不定代词等），很可能是填限定词。例 2：It is

1344、 said that a short-tempered man in the Song Dynasty was very anxious to help2_ricecrop grow up quickly技巧 3：名词或代词在句中不作主语、表语或动词的宾语时，其前面，一定是填介词。例 3：who should have the honour of receiving me3a guest in their house.技巧 4:若两个或几个单词或短语之间没有连词，可能是填连词。例 4two world-famous artists,Pablo Picasso 4Cabdido Poitinar

1345、i,which are worth millions ofdollars.技巧 5：若两个句子（即两个主谓结构）之间没有连词，也没有分号或句号，一定是填并列连词（连 接并列的句子）或从属连词（连接定语从句、名词性从句和状语从句）。例 5：The greatest magician of all time was Harry Houdini例 6：He was very tired after doing thus foe a whole day,技巧 6：由特殊句式结构来判断空格应填的词。5 _died in 1926.6he felt very happy(1)由 it is that 强调

1346、结构的形式，判断 it 还是 that。判断方法：去掉 it is that结构，句子还是一个完整的句子就是强调句型。(2)由 it 作形式主语或形式宾语的句式判断，空格是否填 it.例 7：and _7_ was only after I heard she become sick that I learned she couldnt eat MSG(味精).例 8：as _8took them just three minutes to steal paintings by two words-famous artists.2 例 9：Dating sites also makes9eas

1347、y to avoid someone whom you are not interested in.(3)在倒装句式中通常填 only,so,neither,nor,never,hardly,seldom,notuntil 等词。例 10：10with hard work can you expect to get pay rise.(4)so/such that句型 例 11：This made the goat so jealous11_it began plotting against the donkey(5)more than(与其说不如说，比更)句型。例 12：Cynthias s

1348、tory shows vividly that people remember more how much a manager cares12how much he pays.二、给出了动词的试题解题技巧 首先，判断要填的动词是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。然后按照以下两点进行思考。共有以下 2 个 技巧：技巧 7：若句子没有别的谓语动词，或者虽然已有谓语动词，但需填的动词与之是并列关系 时，所给动词就是谓语动词；若是谓语动词，就要考虑时态语态。例 13：When I die,I 13(give)everything to you.例 14：That was definitely not an at

1349、tractive idea so I politely declined her invitation,14_(close)my中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 227 页（共 331 页）book and walked away例 15：In Loganm three people _15_(take)to a hospital,while others were treated at a local clinic.例 16：Being too anxious to help an event develop often 16

1350、(result)the contrary to ourintention（2008年广东高考语法填空）例 17：Now,ValentinesDay is 17(celebrate)in many countries around the world.技巧 8：若句中已有谓语动词，又不是并列谓语时，所给动词就是非谓语动词。若是非谓语动 词就要确定是 v-ing 形式，-ed 形式，还是不定式，确定的方法主要有：(1)作主语或宾语，通常用 v-ing 形式表示习惯或一般情况，用不定式表示具体情况。例 18：but it is not enough only _18_(memorize)rules

1351、from a grammar book.例 19：19 _(speak)out your inner feeling wont make you feel ashamed,on the contrary(2)作目的状语或在形容词后作状语，一般用不定式。例 20：_20_(complete)the project as planed,well have to work two more hours a day(3)作伴随状语，通常用分词，若与逻辑主语是主动关系，用现在分词（v-ing）;若是被动关系，用过 去分词（-ed）。例 21：He saw the stone,_21_(say)to hi

1352、mself:“the night will be very dark.”例 22：The headmaster went into the lab,_22_(follow)by the foreign guests.3技巧 9:动词的词类转换主要做主语、宾语和定语。例 23：There are 23(comfort)feelings often as any kind of physical pain.例 24：They entered the Credit Lyonnais branch using building 24(equip)to dig holes例 25：These peopl

1353、e have made great _ 25(contribute)to China with their work.三、词类转换题的解题技巧 这类题主要是考查名词、形容词和副词，根据该词在句中所作句子成分确定用那种形式，具体技 巧有以下 4 种。技巧 10：作表语（在系动词之后）、定语（修饰名词）或宾补（表性质状态），通常用形容词形式。例 26：The youngster immediately fell _26_(silence)as tears flew down from his big blue eyes.例 27：Teachers must try their best to ma

1354、ke most of their students _27_(interest)in the subject.技巧 11:修饰动词、形容词、副词，或整个句子，作状语，用副词形式。例 28：As I looked _28(close)at this girl,I found that例 29：29(fortune),the guest escaped unharmed.技巧 12:有的词义转换题，词类或词性不一定要变，主要是考查具有与词根意义相反的派生词，需要 句子意思及前后逻辑关系，在词根前加 un-,im-,in-等，在词根后加-less 等。例 30：People certainly ha

1355、ve a variety of reasons for going back to school but one important thing toknow is,no knowledge is _30_(use).例 31：Your mistake caused a lot of _31_(necessary)work in the office.技巧 13:括号中所给词若是形容词或副词，有可能考查其比较级或最高级。例 32：The other frog went on jumping as hard as he could he jumped even _32_(hard)and nea

1356、rlymade himself out.例 33：The _33_(bad)damage was reported in the towns of Logan and Clovis,which are about 80miles apart,police said.例 34：,but he felt very happy since the crop did“grow”34(high)以上仅对语法填空中的主要情况进行了概括，在做语法填空题时，还应注意英语中的固定句型、固定搭配等。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 228 页（共

1357、331 页）备考手册十一 写作微课堂知识手册 写作序列升级（一）各司其职的八大句子成分 写作序列升级（二）五种常用简单句 写作序列升级（三）三种句子类型 写作序列升级（四）高级词汇 写作序列升级（五）过渡语 写作序列升级（六）常用不衰的 there be 句型 写作序列升级（七）it 作形式主语 写作序列升级（八）it 作形式宾语及其他 写作序列升级（九）名词性从句 写作序列升级（十）状语从句 写作序列升级（十一）定语从句 写作序列升级（十二）强调句型 写作序列升级（十三）倒装句型 写作序列升级（十四）否定句型 写作序列升级（十五）并列句型 写作序列升级（十六）虚拟语气 写作序列升级（十七）非

1358、谓语 写作序列升级（十八）比较句型 写作序列升级（十九）被动语态 写作序列升级（二十）谚语 写作序列升级(二十一)写作常用段首句型 写作序列升级(二十二)写作常用段中句型 写作序列升级(二十三)写作常用段尾句型 写作序列升级(二十四)循“纲”蹈“句”，轻松驾驭提纲作文 1主语句子的主体 主语是句子的主体，是句子所要说明的人或事物，表示句子描述的是谁或什么。主语通常由名词(短语)、代词、数词、动词不定式(短语)、动名词(短语)或从句等充当。Nowadays,afterclass activities are becoming more and more popular in high schoo

1359、ls.现如今，在高中课外活动变得越来越流行。(名词短语作主语)(2014江西高考)Besides,developing a good habit of learningcan help you improve your learningeffectively.另外，养成良好的学习习惯能帮助你有效地提高你的学习。(动名词短语作主语)(2014浙江高考)What we need most are popular science books.我们最需要的是科普书。(从句作主语)2谓语主语的行为 谓语用来描述主语的行为动作、状态或特征。谓语只能由动词(短语)充当，有人称、数和时态的变化。(2015安徽

1360、高考)I have long been interested in space exploration and I believe I could learn a great dealfrom him about it.长期以来，我一直对太空探索感兴趣，我相信我可以从他那里学到很多知识。(实义动词作谓语)(2014湖南高考)The watchis necessaryin our daily life,but its functionis too simple and dull.手表在我们日常生活中是必要的，但它的功能太简单呆板了。(系表结构作谓语)3宾语动作的对象 宾语是动作的对象或承受者，一

1361、般位于及物动词和介词的后面。可以用作宾语的有：名词、代词、数 词、不定式、动名词和从句等。(2015重庆高考)If you could provide more information,I would be grateful.如果你能提供更多的信息，我将不胜感激。(名词作宾语)(2015四川高考)And I started to see this as a timewasting activity!我开始把这看作是一项浪费时间的活动！(不定式作宾语)(2014湖北高考)Compared with the escaped driver,I am proud ofwhat I did.与逃逸的司机

1362、相比，我为所做之事感到自豪。(从句作宾语)4表语主语的特征 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 229 页（共 331 页）表语与前面的系动词一起构成复合谓语(系表结构)，用来说明主语的特征、类属、状态、身份等。可 以用作表语的有：名词(短语)、代词、数词、形容词、副词、不定式(短语)、动名词、分词、介词短语和从 句等。(2015安徽高考)I would really like to interview him because he is not only the first Chinese to go tospace but a

1363、lso one of the greatest astronauts in the world.我十分愿意采访他，因为他不仅仅是第一个到太空的中国人，还是世界上最伟大的宇航员之一。(名词 短语作表语)(2015四川高考)So Iam quite confidentthat I can help you learn Mandarin.因此，我有信心帮助您学好普通话。(形容词作表语)5定语名词的修饰语 定语是用来描述名词或代词的品质与特征的修饰语，它常和名词构成名词短语。可以用作定语的有：形容词、名词、代词、数词、副词、不定式、动名词、分词、介词短语和从句等。(2015陕西高考)As an out

1364、going girl,I get along well with my classmates.作为一个外向型的女孩，我和同学们相处得很好。(形容词作定语)(2015北京高考)Finally,we put the figurineswe madeon the table and took pictures with the oldcraftsman.最后，我们把我们制作的面人放在桌子上并和老匠人拍照。(从句作定语)6状语句子的美容师 状语是用来修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子的一种成分。可以用作状语的有：副词、名词、数词、形容词、不定式、分词、介词短语、独立主格和从句等。(2015广东高考)Am

1365、azingly,she earned respect from her students,all of whom later grew to be confident,considerate and wellbehaved.令人感到惊讶的是，她获得了学生的尊敬，后来这些学生都变得有自信、体贴他人、举止优雅。(副词 作状语)He lifted a stone only to drop it on his own feet.他搬起石头结果砸了自己的脚。(不定式作状语)7补足语有了你，句子才完美 补足语是用来说明宾语或主语的性质、状态等的一种句子成分。可以用作补足语的有：形容词、名词、不定式、分词和

1366、介词短语等。(2015全国卷)Well also spend some fun time together singing,dancing and playing games,which wehope will make them happy.我们也将用些时间一起来唱歌、跳舞、玩游戏，我们希望这些有趣的活动会让他们感到高兴。(形容词 作宾语补足语)(2014浙江高考)Popular science books can help us students(to)become more interestedinscience and nature.科普类图书能帮助我们学生对科学和自然更感兴趣。(不定

1367、式作宾语补足语)8同位语不是藤，而是树 对句子中的某一成分作进一步解释、说明，与前面的成分在语法上处于同等地位的句子成分叫做同位 语。可以用作同位语的有：名词、代词、数词、介词短语、不定式、动名词和从句等。(2015天津高考)I am Li Jin,president of the Student Unionfrom Chenguang Middle School.我是李津，来自晨光中学的学生会主席。(名词短语作同位语)(2013湖北高考)I was so hurt that I almost accepted the fact that our friendship came to an e

1368、nd.我是如此受伤以至于我几乎接受了我们的友谊结束了的事实。(从句作同位语)中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 230 页（共 331 页）1SV 句式：主语谓语(不及物动词)SV 句式常用来表示主语的动作或状态。其特点为：句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思，这类动词 叫做不及物动词，后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。(2015北京高考)I am writing to tell you my exciting plan for the summer holiday.我写信是想告诉你我的激动人心的暑假计划。Bathed in th

1369、e sunshine,we jumped and cheered with joy.沐浴在阳光中，我们高兴得欢呼雀跃。2SVO 句式：主语谓语(及物动词)宾语 SVO 句式句型特点为：谓语动词均为实义动词，都是主语发出的动作，但不能表达完整的意思，必须 跟一个宾语(宾语可以由名词、代词、动名词、不定式等来充当)，即动作的承受者，才能表达完整的意思。名师指津该句式的谓语动词要用及物动词。如果是不及物动词，后面一定要跟介词构成及物词组。(2015广东高考)Last but not least,studying_in_group can share our experience in solving

1370、 problems moreefficiently.最后但同样重要的是，小组学习可以分享我们高效解决问题的经验。(2014江西高考)Finally,we should take part in sports and outdoor activities frequently.最后，我们应该经常参加运动和户外活动。(2015江苏高考)Nowadays,people in many big cities are complaining about the heavy traffic 当今，许多大城市的人们在抱怨交通拥堵。3SLP 句式：主语系动词表语 SLP 句式就是常说的主系表结构。此句式侧重说

1371、明主语是什么或怎么样，谓语动词需用系动词(主要是 be 动词)，表语多为形容词，也可以是名词、介词短语、不定式及分词等。(2015重庆高考)As a student in senior high school,the_most_important_task is to study hard,whichdetermines our future.作为一名高中生，最重要的任务是努力学习，那决定着我们的将来。(2014全国卷)In a word,my_life will be much richer and more colorful 总之，我的生活会越来越丰富多彩。(2014山东高考)In my

1372、opinion,a_person without friends can never be happy 依我来看，一个没有朋友的人永远不会幸福。4SVOO 句式：主语谓语(及物动词)间接宾语直接宾语 SVOO 句式中的谓语动词必须跟两个宾语才能表达完整的意思。一个是表示人的间接宾语；一个是表 示物的直接宾语。一般间接宾语在前面，直接宾语在后面。(2015北京高考)This camp will open on July 20th.It offers teenagers like you and me a chance to enjoysports and learn about Chinese

1373、culture.这个训练营将在 7 月 20 日开始。它给我们这样的青少年提供了一个欣赏体育运动和学习中国文化的 机会。(2015湖北高考)Two years ago,our_teacher offered us an answer to a difficult math problem in class.两年前，课堂上老师给我们提供了一个数学难题的答案。5SVOC 句式：主语谓语(及物动词)宾语宾语补足语 SVOC 句式中的动词虽然是及物动词，但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思，必须加上一个补充 成分来说明宾语，才能使意思完整。宾语补足语是用来补充说明宾语的情况的，直接跟在宾语之后。(20

1374、15北京高考)If you are interested in it,let me know and Ill send you more information.如果你对此感兴趣，请告知，我会发给你更多信息。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 231 页（共 331 页）(2015北京高考)Last Tuesday,our_class invited an old craftsman to teach us how to make doughfigurines.上周二，我们班邀请了一位老匠人来教我们怎样做面人。As a high

1375、school student,I consider English a very important subject 作为一名高中生，我认为英语是一门非常重要的科目。1不一定简单的简单句 如果句子中只包含一个主谓结构，而句子的各个成分都只由单词或短语表示，它就是简单句(不管句子 是长是短)。两个或更多的主语可以共用一个谓语，也是简单句；两个或更多的谓语可以共用一个主语，也 是简单句；两个或更多的主语和两个或更多的谓语也是简单句。(2015江苏高考)In spite of the largescale construction of roads and highways,there is sti

1376、ll much roomfor improvement,because of the ever increasing number of cars these years.尽管我们大规模地建设道路、公路，但是由于近年来日益增长的汽车数量，对于这个问题还有很大的 提升空间。(2014安徽高考)This is a good wayof letting your anger out without hurting others or yourself.这是一个很好的发泄愤怒的方式，不会伤害到别人或自己。(2014江西高考)In the next three years of your senior

1377、high school life,you will face more and morechallenges.在你随后三年的高中生活中，你将会面对越来越多的挑战。2“剪不断、理也不乱”的并列句 由两个或两个以上的简单句并列连接起来的句子称为并列句。并列句的各个简单句彼此独立、互不依 从，但它们表达的意思之间有一定的关系。并列连词之前可用逗号，也可不用逗号。(2015浙江高考)Without hesitation,I decided to follow them and we did have lots of fun that day.毫不犹豫地，我决定接受他们的建议而且那一天我们的确玩得非常开

1378、心。(2014上海高考)As middle school students,were not familiar with foreign cultures,whileChineseculture isnt fit to appear in an English newspaper.作为中学生，我们不熟悉外国文化，而中国的文化也不适合出现在英语报刊中。(2014江西高考)Firstly,as a student,the most important thing is to study,soit is necessary for all ofyou to build an effective me

1379、thod in your study.首先，作为一名学生，最重要的是学习，因此你们所有人都有必要在学习中建立一个有效的方式。3不一定复杂的复合句 复合句由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成。主句是全句的主体，通常独立存在，从句则只用作 句子的一个成分，不能独立。复合句中的从句包括定语从句、状语从句和名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)。(2015广东高考)DNA test,a new technique,which is tested by analyzing saliva sample(定语从句),appears in the foreign medical industr

1380、y.DNA检测，一种新的技术，通过分析唾液样品进行测试，将出现在外国医疗行业。(2015陕西高考)I havesuch a good command of English that I am elected as assistant to myEnglish teacher(状语从句)我如此擅长英语以至于我被选为英语老师的助手。(2014四川高考)In addition,what may interest you most(主语从句)is that I am really nervousand upset(表语从句)when taking the exam.另外，可能最使你感兴趣的是，考试时我

1381、真的紧张烦躁。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 232 页（共 331 页）(2014湖南高考)As is known to all(定语从句),shoes play an important role in our life,for they canprotect our feet from being hurt(状语从句)众所周知，鞋子在我们的生活中起着非常重要的作用，因为它能保护我们的脚免受伤害。.24 个升级版必备词汇词汇的升华 写作最基本的要求是考查考生遣词造句的能力，遣词的原则是表达准确、地道自然、生动形象。如果 考

1382、生在掌握了最基本词汇的基础上，能够将一些常用词汇进行升华，就将成为高考作文获得高分的亮点之 一。1名词：chanceopportunity;choicealternativecoursecurriculum;peopleindividualsresultconsequence;shortcomingdrawbackDifferentindividualshave different opinions about thesafety of food.不同的人对食品安全问题有着不同的看法。To put this problem to an end,we have noalternativebut

1383、to follow these steps.为了解决这个问题，我们没有别的选择只好按这些步骤走。2动词：havepossess;developpromotereplacesubstitute;bearput up withconsidertake into account/considerationunderstandmake sense of/figure outWell try our best topromotethe traditional friendship between us.我们应尽全力发展我们之间的传统友谊。(2014浙江高考)I sincerely hope that y

1384、ou willtake my suggestions into account.我真诚地希望你能考虑我的建议。3形容词：enoughadequate;usefulavailabledifficultchallenging;properappropriateimportantvital/significantinterestingabsorbing/striking/appealing(2014江西高考)In the coming three years,our school life will bechallenging.在随后的三年里，我们的学校生活将会是具有挑战性的。This phenom

1385、enon may lead tosignificantchanges towards environmental protection.这种现象会引发对环境保护问题看法的重大改变。4副词：finallyeventually;hardlybarelyimmediatelyin a flash;nowadayscurrentlyEventuallyyour child will leave home to lead her own life as a fully independent adult.最终，你的孩子会离开家，作为一个完全独立的成年人过她自己的生活。No one knows how m

1386、any peoplecurrentlysurf the Net.没人知道现在有多少人在网上冲浪。5连词：sotherefore;andas well asTherefore,its extremely important to guarantee that children have enough time to play.因此，要保证孩子们有足够的时间玩耍，这是非常重要的。(2015陕西高考)I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because,by offering my service,I willbe able to imp

1387、rove my organisational ability,communication skills as well as my confidence in speakingEnglish in public.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 233 页（共 331 页）我的确想要获得这次宝贵的机会，因为，通过提供我的服务，我将能提高我的组织能力、交流技巧和 在公共场合说英语的自信。.26 个升级版加分词汇写作的高级装备 掌握了 26 个升级版加分词汇，就像在构建写作大楼的时候，找到了结实、保暖、耐用的空心砖，它 们像五颜六色

1388、的彩石，不仅耐用，更能装点文章，让文章文采飞扬。1表达关注的名词：attention,focus,concern(2015四川高考)As for speaking Mandarin,its better to pay much attention to the pronunciation.关于说普通话，注意发音是更好的。Currently,the problem of corruption crimes has become the focus of thepublic.当前，腐败犯罪已成为公众关注的焦点。2表达争论的名词：discussion,debate,argumentFaced wit

1389、h such an argument,different individuals may come to different opinions.面对这样的一个争论，不同的人可能有不同的观点。3表达现象的名词：phenomenon(2014重庆高考)The sentence suggests a common phenomenon:many teenagers care more about theirphones than their friends nowadays.这个句子表明了一种常见现象：当今许多青少年关注他们的手机胜过关注他们的朋友。4表达优缺点的名词：advantage,disad

1390、vantage,strength，weakness(2015广东高考)Besides,every student may have different weak and strong subjects,so they should learnfrom each other so that they can have more advantages than disadvantages.此外，每个学生可能有不同的弱科和强科，因此他们应该互相学习以便于比起劣势来他们拥有更多的 优势。5表达增长或下降的动词：increase,accumulate,decrease,declineLong hours

1391、 of surfing the Internet would lead to declining health.长时间上网将导致健康状况下降。6表达导致后果的动词：result in,result from,bring about,contribute toComputers have brought about many changes in the workplace.电脑给工作场所带来了很多变化。7表达支持、反对的动词：approve of,be in favor of,object toThe majority of the senior citizens dont approve o

1392、f the proposal of celebrating western festivals in China.大多数老年人不赞同在中国庆祝西方节日的提议。8表达可能性的形容词：likely(2014天津高考)If you come to our school,you are likely to meet some difficult problems in your life.如果你来我们学校，很可能会遇到生活中的一些难题。9表达有好处的形容词：beneficialFrom my point of view,our library should buy some popular scien

1393、ce books and literary books becausethey are beneficial to us.按照我的观点，我们的图书馆应该买一些科技类和文学类图书，因为它们对我们大有益处。10表达强调的副词：particularly,especiallyThe more people earn,the more they seem to want,particularly when others earn more than they do.人们赚得越多，似乎想要的也越多，尤其是当其他人赚得比他们多的时候。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总

1394、复习高考英语备考手册 第 234 页（共 331 页）.“启”创造良好开端 1常用表示“启”的过渡词语(常用在段落或文章的开头)：first,firstly,first of all,above all,to begin/startwith,today,now,at present,currently,generally speaking,according to,with the development of.等。(2015北京高考)First,he showed us the basic steps and skills of making dough figurines.首先，他向我们展

1395、示了制作面人的基本步骤和技巧。(2014天津高考)Firstly,Id like to tell you something about the weather in my city,which is often windyand very cold in winter.首先，我想给你们介绍一下我们城市的天气，多风而且冬天非常寒冷。2常用表达“启”的句型：As the proverb says/As the saying goes,.;As can be seen from the table,.;Itgoes without saying that.;There is no denying

1396、that.;It is well known that.;As is known to all,.等。(2015湖南高考)Theres no denying that only if we deal with and overcome large numbers ofdifficulties in a correct way,will we achieve our dreams.无可否认，只有当我们用正确的方式处理并克服大量困难，我们才会实现我们的梦想。.“承”顺势承上启下 1常用表示“承”的过渡词语：second/secondly,besides,in addition,whats more

1397、,furthermore,moreover,whats worse,still less,to make matters worse,worse still,for example,in other words,additionally,especially,particularly,obviously,at the same time 等。(2015四川高考)Besides,you must take notice of the handwriting.此外，你必须注意书写。(2014安徽高考)Moreover,listening to some soft music does relax

1398、your mood and give you a new start.另外，听一听轻音乐能使你心情放松，给你一个新的开端。2常用表达“承”的句型：take.for example,.;what is more serious is that.;as far as I am concerned,.；the reason why.is that.等。What is more serious is that we dont cherish wildlife.更严重的是，我们不珍惜野生动物。.“转”巧妙转折过渡 1常用表达“转”的过渡词语：but,yet,however,while,otherwise

1399、,or(else),on the contrary,on the otherhand,in any case,though,although,as,even if/though,despite,in spite of,regardless of 等。(2015广东高考)It is said that the test will enhance the examinees consciousness of health,but on thecontrary it will also be more likely to result in overanxiety.据说，该测试将增强被测者的健康意识

1400、，但相反它也将更有可能导致过度焦虑。(2015湖南高考)He also said I set a good example to all of my classmates and that I memorized all thewords of unit 3 even though I was not good at English.他也说我为同学们树立了一个好榜样，而且说虽然我不擅长英语但是我记住了第三单元所有的单词。2常用表达“转”的句型：But for me,I would never.;However,it is a pity that.等。However,it is a pity t

1401、hat many pay more attention to the empty slogans rather than actions.然而，让人感到遗憾的是很多人更关注空洞的口号而不是实际行动。.“合”完美结束全文 1常用表达“合”的过渡词语：in short,in brief,in conclusion，in a/one word,to sum up,all in all,on the whole,in general 等。All in all,traveling is the best choice to recharge ourselves and get ready for the

1402、 new challenges.总的来说，旅游是充实自己、准备迎接新的挑战的最好的方式。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 235 页（共 331 页）2常用表达“合”的句型：We can,therefore,came to the conclusion that.;It can easily be safely concluded from.that.;We,therefore,can make it clear from the above discussion that.;Only with combined efforts

1403、 canwe.;It is(high)time that.等。It is high time that we did something to prevent the environment from being polluted.确实到了我们采取措施阻止环境被污染的时候了。there be 句型表示某物存在与否，句中的 there 起引导的作用，句子的真正主语是谓语动词 be 后面的名 词。因此 be 的单复数由其后的名词决定。该句型的 be 还可换成 stand,exist,lie 等。此处我们介绍了许多 there be 句型的变式，希望对大家的写作有所帮助。1There be.(be

1404、可用各种时态)(2015广东高考)According to the above passage,we know when Sally foundthere were so manyproblemsamong her new students,she didnt lose heart.根据上文，我们知道当 Sally 发现她的新学生中有如此多的问题时，她没有失去信心。(2014四川高考)There are some pieces of informationthat Id like to share with you.有几条信息我想与你分享。2There 情态动词be.There are too

1405、 many cars on the road.I thinkthere should betight restrictions on car numbers.路上的车太多了，我想应该对车的数量进行严格的限制。3There stand/lie/exist/remain/come/go.There remains some doubtamong the public as to whether the policy will work.公众依旧担心这项政策是否有效。4There seems/appears/happens/used to be.There happened to bea lot o

1406、f people by the road.They helped us pull the car out of the big hole.路边恰好有很多人，他们帮助我们把车从那个大坑里拉了出来。5There be sb./sth.doing sth.There are many fans waitingto see the famous singer outside the airport.机场外有很多粉丝正等着见那位著名的歌手。6There be sth.to do/to be done.There is still much to discuss/to be discussed.We sh

1407、all,therefore,return to this item at our next meeting.还有许多事情要讨论，因此，我们将在下次会议上再次讨论这项内容。7There be no doing.(doing 主要是 tell,say,talk,joke,deny 等的ing 形式)There is no denying thatthe fact that more and more plastics will come into use in our daily life.不可否认，越来越多的塑料将用于我们的日常生活中。8There be no use/good/sense/po

1408、int/need/doubt/possibility.(2014四川高考)There is no doubt thatI will get good grades.毫无疑问，我会取得好的成绩。There is no needto worry about it as the government is now making every effort to provide more jobs.没必要担心，因为政府正在尽一切努力提供更多的工作岗位。9There being.There beingno further business,the chairman declared the meeting

1409、 closed.由于没有其他的事情，主席宣布散会。10There be no such thing/person as.There is no such thing asa free lunch in the world;you must work hard.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 236 页（共 331 页）世上没有免费的午餐，你必须努力工作。1It takes(sb.)some time/energy/effort.to do sth.It took them about half an hour to work

1410、outthe difficult maths problem.他们花了大约半个小时的时间才解出这道数学难题。2It is/was形容词of/for sb.to do sth.(2015天津高考)Of course,I guessit is not so easy for you to learn it.当然，我猜想对于你来说学习它并不简单。3It is/was形容词that.(2014重庆高考)It is true that a smart phone plays an important role in our daily life.真的，智能手机在我们日常生活中扮演重要的角色。4It is

1411、/was名词to do sth.(2015江苏高考)It is everybodys duty to observe traffic rulesto keep our society in order and goingon the right track.遵守交通规则，靠右行走，保持社会秩序井然有序是每个人的责任。5It is/was名词that.It is a pity thatthe industrial cities built in the nineteenth century dont attract visitors.很遗憾，这些建于十九世纪的工业城市对游客并没有吸引力。6It

1412、is/was过去分词that.(2014四川高考)Its known to all that“Where is a will,there is a way.”众所周知，“有志者事竟成。”7It seems/happens that.It happened thathe was a doctor,so the sick man was saved.碰巧他是个医生，因此病人得救了。8It hits/strikes/occurs to sb.that.Did it ever occur to you that you would end up in prison if you continued b

1413、ehaving like that?你就没想到过继续这样做最终会被关进监狱吗？9It benefits sb.to do sth.(2014江西高考)It really benefited me a lot to preview lessons,get actively involved in class,andreview what had been taught in class.课前预习、课堂上专心听讲并复习课堂上所学的东西使我受益匪浅。10It is/was ones turn to do sth.It is your turn to pickup the kids from scho

1414、ol this afternoon.今天下午轮到你去学校接孩子了。11It is/was time for sb.to do sth.I knowit is time for me toset out to do my homework,but I just cant resist playing computer games.我知道是开始做作业的时候了，但我就是忍不住要玩电脑游戏。12It is/was(about/high)time that.It is high time thatthe government took measures to fight against crimes i

1415、n economic field.确实到了政府采取措施与经济领域的犯罪做斗争的时候了。13It is/was no use/good/useless doing sth.It is no use trying to solve the problemby force.Peace talks are the only solution.试图用武力解决问题是没用的，和平谈判才是唯一的办法。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 237 页（共 331 页）14It is no wonder that.The Internet keeps

1416、us informed of the latest news and also provides entertainment in the house.It is nowonder that its so popular worldwide.网络使我们在家就能了解最新的新闻，而且也为我们提供娱乐，难怪它那么受欢迎。15It is worthwhile doing/to do sth.It is worthwhile talking to your parents before making your final decision.在最后决定之前与你的父母交流一下是值得的。16Its(not)l

1417、ike sb.to do sth.I think youre mistaken.It is not like her tospeak ill of others behind them.我想你弄错了，她不是那种背后说别人坏话的人。17It is up to sb.to do sth.It is up tothe travel companies to warn customers of any possible dangers.应该由旅游公司来提醒顾客可能存在的危险。18Its one thing to do sth.;its another thing to do sth.It is one

1418、 thing to say losing weight;its another thing to carry out the plan.说要减肥是一回事，执行起来又是一回事。19It mattersthat/why/if/whether 从句 It doesnt matter what you wear,so long as you look neat and tidy.你穿什么并不重要，只要你看上去干净整洁就行。20It goes without saying that.(2014山东高考)Therefore,it goes without saying thatit is this mot

1419、to that brings me motivation andencouragement.因此，不用说就是这个格言给我带来了动力和鼓励。1动词it形容词/名词to do/doing/that 从句(常见的动词有：find,feel,think,consider,keep,make,believe,guess,suppose,assume)(2015江苏高考)Whats worse,some drivers,cyclists and pedestrians do not think it vital to obey trafficrules.更糟糕的是，有些司机、骑自行车者和路人认为遵守交通规

1420、则不重要。(2015四川高考)And you also should keep it in mind thatcomparing notes with your classmatesfrequently is a good way to improve your study.你也应该牢记经常和你的同班同学对比笔记是提高你学习的一种好方式。(2014北京高考)Soon after,there are two entrances to the parking places,making it easier for us toenter it now.不久之后，通往停车场将有两个入口，使得我们进去更

1421、加容易。2Sb.likes/loves/hates/dislikes it when.I dislike/hate it when a Chinese host keeps serving me the food I dont like.我不喜欢中国主人不停地给我夹我不喜欢的菜。3Id appreciate it if.Id appreciate it if you could teach me how to use the computer.如果你能教我如何用电脑，我将不胜感激。4Sb.would prefer it if.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017

1422、高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 238 页（共 331 页）Mary would prefer it ifyou attend the party on the summer vacation.如果暑假你来参加那个聚会，玛丽会很开心的。5When it comes to.(2015广东高考)When it comes tomy class,I have to say that I cant stand some classmatesselfishness.当谈到我的班级时，我不得不说我不能忍受一些同学的自私。6It is the first/second.time that.It is the

1423、 first time thatChinese has won the Nobel Prize for Medicine.这是中国人第一次获得诺贝尔医学奖。7It is/has been一段时间since.It is already three years sincehe worked in this company,and now he cant still find a job.自从他离开这家公司以来已有三年了，现在还没有找到一份工作。8Itbe一段时间before.Dont be upset.It will be half a year beforewe meet again.不要伤心了

1424、，半年之后我们还会见面。1A is to B what/as C is to D“A 对 B 而言正像 C 对 D 而言”A book is to the mindwhat/as food is to the body.书籍对于人而言正如食物对于身体一样。2What impressed/surprised/shocked.me most was that.“使我印象最深/最惊奇/最震惊的是”What surprised me most was thatthe thin girl should have won three gold medals.使我最惊奇的是这个瘦弱的女孩竟然获得了三枚金牌。

1425、3It isimportant/necessary/strange.that.“这是非常重要的/必要的/奇怪的”(2014福建高考)However,it is important thatwe never lose the enthusiasm to keep on trying.然而，我们从来没有丧失过继续努力的热情，这是非常重要的。4I wonder whether/if.“我想知道是否”(2015北京高考)I wonder ifyoud like to go with me.我想知道你是否愿意和我一起去。5The chances are(that).“很可能”If you go into

1426、 a school or university everywhere,the chances are(that)you will see students in Li Ningtracksuits with the familiar logo.如果你走进任何一个地方的中学或大学校园，都有可能看到穿着印有李宁那个熟悉标志运动服的学生 们。6That/This/It is why/because.“那就是为什么/因为”I read about your reform of the school English newspaper,andthats whyIm writing to voice my

1427、opinion.我获悉了你对英语校报的改革方案，那就是为什么我写信发表观点的原因。7The reason for/why.is that.“的原因是”(2015浙江高考)The main reason for my choice is thatbeing brought up in a culture emphasizingcollectivism,I tend to sacrifice my own interest for the group benefit.我做出如此选择主要是因为我在重视集体主义的氛围中长大，在集体利益面前，我愿意牺牲自己的利 益。8Sb.holds the belie

1428、f that.“某人(坚定地)持有某种观点”中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 239 页（共 331 页）Most people hold the belief thateducation can change ones fate.多数人坚定地持有这样的观点，教育能改变人的命运。9No one can deny the fact that.“不可否认的事实是”No one can deny the fact that the environment is getting polluted more and more seriou

1429、sly.不可否认的事实是，环境污染越来越严重了。1when/while当时候(2015北京高考)When the craftsman came into the classroom,we gave him a warm welcome and twoboys helped him with the tool box.当匠人进入教室时，我们热烈欢迎，两个男孩子帮助他拿工具箱。2before在之前 They walked about 30 miles before they saw a village.他们走了 30 英里才看见一个村庄。3till/until直到I went on with my

1430、 workuntil/till I finished washing all the clothes.我继续工作，直到把所有的衣服洗完。4once 一旦Once you get to/arrive at the old town,you will fall in love with it immediately.一旦你到了这座古城，你就会立刻爱上它。5if如果(2015四川高考)Learning Mandarin takes time,so if you want to learn it well,you should spend muchtime practicing Mandarin ev

1431、ery day.学习普通话需要花费时间，因此如果你想学好它，你应该每天花很多时间练习。6unless除非 Nobody can achieve anything of real significance unless he works very hard.一个人要是不努力，就将一事无成。7as/so long as只要(2015全国卷)You can write anything relevant so long as its interesting and informative.只要它有趣且有意义，你就可以写有关的任何事情。8because/now that因为/既然(2014 四川高考)

1432、Besides,it is normal for me to feel nervous,because the exam is of great importanceto me.况且，我感到紧张是正常的，因为这次考试对我来说非常重要。9not that.but that.不是因为，而是因为I didnt accept the job,not that I am unwilling to do it,but that I am unable to.我没接受这份工作，不是因为我不愿做，而是因为我不能做。10even if/though即使；尽管Even if flying is more expe

1433、nsive than land and sea travel,I went there by air to save time.即使坐飞机比坐车和船都贵，但是为了节省时间我还是坐飞机去了那里。11though/although/while虽然；尽管(2015湖北高考)Althoughthe answer seemed a little strange,nobody but I doubted it.虽然答案似乎有点奇怪，但是除了我之外没有人怀疑它。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 240 页（共 331 页）(2014 天津高考

1434、)However,I think that you will quickly adjust to them although/though the weatherand the food are different from yours.可是，我认为你会很快适应，尽管天气与食物都与你们那里不同。12however无论怎样(2014山东高考)A famous saying goes“Where there is a will,there is a way”，which means that if weare really determined to do something,however di

1435、fficult it might be,well eventually find a way to do it well.有句著名的谚语说“有志者事竟成”，这意味着如果我们真的下定决心做某事，无论多难，我们最终会 找出办法做好。13no matter wh无论(2015福建高考)The moral of the story is:spare no effort to acquire knowledge and never get discouragedeasily no matter how difficult the situation may be.这个故事的寓意是：不遗余力地去获取知识，

1436、永远不要轻易失去信心，不管处境可能多么困难。No matter what I do,I will try my best to do it well.无论我做什么，我都会尽力做好。14where/wherever在地方；无论在地方 After the war,a new school building was put up where there had once been a theatre.战争过后，在原来曾经是剧院的地方建起了新的教学楼。15so that以便，目的是；因此 Besides,I will tell him what you look like so that you ca

1437、n find each other easily.另外，我会告诉他你长的什么样，以便你们可以容易地找到彼此。16so/such.that.如此以至于(2014山东高考)At the beginning,learning English seemed so difficult that I wanted to give up withouteven trying.起初，学英语看上去那么难以至于我还没尝试就想放弃。1As we all know./As is known to all.“众所周知”(2014重庆高考)As we all know,our friends lend us a help

1438、ing hand when we need help and they help usget through difficult situations.众所周知，当我们需要帮助时，我们的朋友会伸出援手，他们会帮我们渡过难关。2As sb.puts it.“按照某人的话说”As he often puts it,university education determines ones future.按照他常说的，大学教育决定一个人的命运。3As you can see.“正像你在中所看到的那样”(2014北京高考)As you can see in the picture,many studen

1439、ts are riding bikes to school.正像你在图画中所看到的那样，很多学生正骑着自行车去上学。4which 引导非限制性定语从句，意为“这使”(2015湖南高考)Much to my delight,Michael sang high praise for my great achievements before myclassmates,which made me feel proud of myself.令我高兴的是，迈克尔在同学面前高度赞扬了我，这使我为自己感到骄傲。(2014天津高考)I hope you can help the students in our

1440、class to learn more about English and westernculture,which can increase understanding and help build good relationships between us.我希望你能帮助我们班的学生更多了解英国和西方文化，这能增进我们的理解并有助于我们建立良好 的关系。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 241 页（共 331 页）5such.as.“像这样的；诸如此类的”(2015安徽高考)I would also like to know

1441、 how he felt in space and whether space travel is such greatfun as I have read.我也想知道他在太空中的感觉如何还有太空旅行是否像我读过的那样有趣。Believe it or not,we have found such materials as are used in that factory.信不信由你，我们已经找到了像那家厂子里用的材料。6the same.as./the same as.“像一样的”Her manner and attitude towards him were quite the same a

1442、s they had always been.她对他的方式和态度完全与他们的一样。7one of the复数名词定语从句“中的一个”As far as I know,your sister is one of the studentswho have passed the exam.据我所知，你的妹妹是通过考试的学生之一。8the only one of the复数名词定语从句“中唯一的一个”Mr.Green was the only one of the workers that/who was invited to Beijing.格林先生是这些工人中唯一被邀请去北京的工人。强调句型可强调

1443、除谓语动词和表语外的其他任何成分，如主语、宾语、状语等。当被强调部分是人时，可用 that/who，其他情况都用 that。注意：强调时间、地点、原因时不能用 when,where,why，只能用 that。1It is/was被强调部分that其他(2015广东高考)It is for these reasons that I firmly believe that this rule will promote the learningatmosphere and our teamwork spirit.正是由于这些原因我坚信这条规则将提高我们的学习氛围和团队精神。(2015福建高考)It

1444、is not the story itself but what is reflectedin the story that counts.不是故事本身，而是故事所反映出来的问题最重要。(2015江苏高考)It is the people who obey the rules that matter.重要的是遵守规则的人们。(2014重庆高考)It is the time and energy we spend on the present that makes it valuable rather than theprice we pay.珍贵的是我们在礼物上花费的时间和精力，而非我们所花钱

1445、的多少。(2014重庆高考)It is the thought that counts rather than how much it costs.重要的是心意而不是花钱多少。2Is/Was it被强调部分that其他？Was it in that park that the children saw the strange green objects?是在那个公园里孩子们看见了那些奇怪的绿色物体吗？3特殊疑问词is/was itthat其他？When was it that you made up your mind to work as a volunteer teacher?是什么时候你

1446、下决心要当一名志愿者老师的？4动词特殊疑问词it is/wasthat其他 I wonder why it was that he gave up his wellpaid job.我不知道他为什么放弃他的高薪工作。5It is/was not until.that.It was not until all the fish in the river died out that the villagers realized how serious the pollution is.直到河里所有的鱼都死光了，村民们才意识到污染是多么严重。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学

1447、2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 242 页（共 331 页）6强调谓语时，借助于“do/does/did动词原形”(2015浙江高考)We did have a good time that day.那一天我们的确玩得很开心。(2014 山东高考)I do cherish the educational opportunity and I always adopt the motto to serve as areminder.我确实珍视这个受教育的机会，总是把这个箴言当作座右铭。倒装句在写作中应为高级表达，涉及的句型也比较多，包括部分倒装和全部倒装。1only状语部分倒装“只有”(

1448、2015重庆高考)Only in this way can we make a great contribution toour family and our society.只有通过这种方式，我们才能为我们的家庭和社会做出大的贡献。2not only.(倒装句)but also.“不仅而且”(2015广东高考)As for its functions,not onlycan the technique be used to predict major diseases,butit also enables people to foresee the examinees food prefer

1449、ence.关于其功能，这项技术不仅可以用来预测主要疾病，它也使人们能够预见受测者的食物偏好。(2014广东高考)As far as I am concerned,not only will her generosity help those in need realize theirdreamsand rebuild faith in life,but also it will motivate more people to participate in such a good deed.依我看来，她的慷慨不仅能帮助那些处于困境的人实现梦想、重拾生活信心，而且还能激励更多人参 与这样的一个善举

1450、。3Hardly.when./No sooner.than.“一就”No sooner/Hardly had he finished his talk than/when he was surrounded by the excited workers.他刚一结束讲话就被兴奋的工人们围了起来。4not until.“直到才”Not until the river was seriously polluted did the local government realize the problem.直到河水被严重污染了，当地政府才意识到这个问题。5were/should/had.“如果”(201

1451、4福建高考)Looking back,I feel I wouldnt be able to ride a bike had I lost heart.回顾以往，我感觉如果我失去了信心就学不会骑自行车。6in front of/at the foot of.全部倒装 Just in front of our house stands a tall tree with a history of 1，000 years,which is protected by thegovernment now.刚好在我们房子的前面有一棵 1 000 年树龄的大树，现在已经被政府保护起来了。7up/down/i

1452、n/out/then/now.全部倒装 For a moment nothing happened.Thencame voices all shouting together.有一段时间什么也没发生，然后传来了大家的喊叫声。8as/though“尽管”Childas he is,he knows a lot about astronomy.虽然他是个孩子，但他知道很多天文学知识。9so形容词/副词that“如此以至于”(2014福建高考)So excited was I that I couldnt wait to try wearing them.我太激动了，迫不及待地想穿上它。中山纪念中学

1453、内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 243 页（共 331 页）1I/We dont think/believe/suppose/expect.“我/我们认为不”I dont suppose he will return to his hometown after a few years of work in big cities.我想他在大城市工作几年后就不会回到他的家乡了。2both/all/every.notnot both/all/every.“并不都”Not both of my parents are in favor of my

1454、 idea of traveling around the world.我的父母并非都赞成我去周游世界的想法。3neither/none/no/no one/nobody/nothing.“都不”When the plane crashed,there were more than 80 passengers on board and no one survived.飞机坠毁时，机上有 80 多位乘客，但无一幸免。4no/not/never.nor.“不，也不”(2014山东高考)I couldnt memorize the new words,nor could I speak Englis

1455、h fluently.我记不住这些生词，也不能流利地讲英语。5no/not/hardly.without.“没有就没有”The famous film star could hardly walk down the street without being bothered.这位著名的影星在街上走着的时候，无时无刻不在被打扰。6否定词形容词/副词比较级“没有比这”Walking exercises may be boring at times,but on a clear sunny morning nothing could be better.通过走路来锻炼有时可能会很乏味，但是在一个阳光

1456、灿烂的早上进行的话，没有比这个更好的了。7cannot(can never).too/enough“再也不过分”I cannot thank you too much for all your help to my mother.我非常感谢你对我妈妈的帮助。并列句型是用连词把两个句子连接起来，在这一结构中需要注意连接并列主语时，有些句型采取“就 近原则”。1both.and.“既又”When exposed to stress,in whatever form,all of us react both chemically and physically.当暴露在压力之下时，不管以什么形式，我们

1457、所有的人都会从化学和物理上做出反应。2either.or.“或者或者；不是就是”You can contact me either by phone or by email if you want to know more about our university.如果你想更多地了解我们的大学，你可以通过电话或电子邮件联系我。3neither.nor.“既不也不”(2014天津高考)In autumn,its neither too hot nor too cold.秋天，既不太热又不太冷。4not only.but also.“不仅而且”(2015江苏高考)The traffic issue

1458、 is a hard nut to track.It not only affects our everyday life,but(also)may also threaten peoples lives.交通问题是一个棘手的问题。它不仅影响着我们的日常生活，而且还可能威胁到人们的生命安全。(2014 天津 高考)They are not only experienced and knowledgeable,but(also)patient andunderstanding.他们不仅经验丰富、知识渊博，而且耐心且善解人意。5not.but.“不是，而是”It is not how much w

1459、e do but how much love we put into what we do that benefits our work most.不是我们做了多少，而是我们把多少爱投入进去，这才是对我们的工作最有益的。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 244 页（共 331 页）6.while/whereas“而，却”(2015浙江高考)Most of my classmates wanted to go to a park while I had an idea of going to anicerplace.我的大多数同班

1460、同学想去公园而我有一个去更好地方的想法。Good habits always lead to high efficiency,while bad ones lead to the opposite.好的习惯经常使得效率增高，而不好的习惯效果恰恰相反。(2014江西高考)So I suggest you should keep the balance between your study and entertainment,suchas sports,listening to music and so on.因此，我建议你应该保持学习和娱乐之间的平衡，像运动、听音乐等。8without/but

1461、for/but that 含蓄型虚拟语气“没有，要不是”Without your help,I couldnt have wonthefirst place in the English Speaking Competition.要是没有你的帮助，我不可能在英语演讲比赛中获得第一名。7be doing/be about to do.when.“正做某事/正要做某事，这时”(2014福建高考)I was about to give up when my best friend encouraged me to go on.我正要放弃，这时我最好的朋友鼓励我继续下去。8祈使句and/or陈述句 S

1462、eize the chance,or youll regret.抓住这次机会，否则你会后悔的。1if 型虚拟语气“如果，就”(2014安徽高考)Secondly,if I were you,I would take a walk in the evening with my friends.第二，如果我是你，我会在傍晚和朋友一起散步。2wish 型虚拟语气“希望”(2014全国卷)Besides,I wish there wouldnt be too many students in a class.另外，我希望一个班不会有太多的学生。3as if/though 型虚拟语气“好像”Everyt

1463、hing in my childhood crowded upon my mind as if they had just happened.童年的一切一下子涌入我的大脑，仿佛刚刚发生似的。4if only 型虚拟语气“要是就好了；但愿”(2015重庆高考)If onlyI could go back and reset my goals!要是我能回到过去，重新设定目标该多好啊！Look at the terrible situation I am in!If only I had taken your advice!看我现在所处的糟糕境地！要是我听了你的建议就好了！5Its(high/abo

1464、ut)time(that).型虚拟语气“是的时候了”Its high time that we took/should take measures to fight against the environmental pollution.是我们该采取措施与环境污染作斗争的时候了。6would rather 型虚拟语气“宁愿”His son had been away from home for a week.He would ratherhe hadnt shouted at him.他的儿子已离家出走一周了，他宁愿自己没对他大喊大叫。7(should)do 型虚拟语气“应该”(2015重庆高

1465、考)Were I three years younger than I amnow,I would strongly recommend that I(should)set more practical and specific goals.要是我年轻三岁，我会强烈地建议我设定更实际的、具体的目标。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 245 页（共 331 页）1keep doing sth.“不断做”Our parents and teachers keep telling us to be active and creativ

1466、e.我们的父母和老师一直告诉我们要活跃、有创造性。2remain to be done“有待于被”Many questions have to be settled and much remains to be done in our work.我们的工作还有许多问题要解决，还有许多事情要去做。3find oneself doing/done.“发现自己不知不觉”When he opened his eyes,he found himself standing before the vast blue sea.当他睁开眼，发现自己正站在一片蔚蓝的大海前面。4need/want/require

1467、doing/to be done“需要”There is a problem involved in the popularity of private cars that road conditions need improving/to beimproved.私家车的流行带来了一个新问题，那就是路况需要改善了。5be worth doing(be worthy of doing/to be done)“值得做”(2015浙江高考)Good opinions are worth sticking to because they can benefit us all.好的观点值得我们坚持，因为

1468、它们会对我们有好处。(2014广东高考)I think her behavior is worth praising.我认为她的行为值得表扬。6疑问词to do(2014江西高考)To all of you,fresh students,how to adapt yourself to the new environment is the firstthing that you have to face.新生同学们，对你们大家来说，如何使自己适应新的环境是必须要面对的首要问题。Can you give me some advice on how to overcome that?你能给我一些关

1469、于如何克服它的建议吗？7连词 when/while/once/unless/although/if.doing/done(2014湖南高考)When searching for some information,we can operate by touching the screen.当查找信息时，我们可以通过触摸屏来操作。8easy/difficult.to do.“做很容易/难”Some bad habits such as smoking and drinking arent easy/are difficult to get rid of.吸烟酗酒等坏习惯不容易改掉。9prefer

1470、to do sth.rather than do sth.“宁愿做，而不愿做”Nowadays some teenagers prefer to chat with strangers rather than talk with their parents face to face.如今，一些青少年宁愿在网上与陌生人闲谈也不愿与父母面对面谈话。10come doing“过来”As soon as I heard the familiar song,memories of my high school came running in on my mind.我一听到那首熟悉的歌曲，高中时代的记忆一

1471、下子涌上了心头。11by doing.“通过做”(2015浙江高考)By doing so,I can not only share good ideas with others but also learn to express myselfclearly.通过这样做，我不仅仅能够和别人分享我的观点，还能够学会清晰地表达自己。(2015广东高考)Thus,I urge to make a rule which says Learn from each other,hoping that they will learn more knowledge and make more friends

1472、by helping each other.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 246 页（共 331 页）这样，我催促制定了一条内容是互相学习的规则，希望他们通过相互帮助学到更多的知识，交到更多 的朋友。12have difficulty/trouble in doing sth.“做有困难/麻烦”(2014天津高考)You will have no difficulty in finding the western fast food.你找到西式快餐不会有什么困难。13judging by/from.“根据判断”Judging

1473、 from the expression on her face,she must have news of great excitement to tell us.从她脸上的神情看，她一定有令人兴奋的消息要告诉我们。14with宾语补足语(2014江苏高考)With English words getting popular in both media and daily life,a Chinese dictionaryhas included 239 of them.随着英语单词在媒体和日常生活中越来越普及，一本汉语词典已收入了 239 个英文单词。15独立主格结构 Weather pe

1474、rmitting,we will go for an outing tomorrow.天气允许的话，我们明天去郊游。1倍数as形容词/副词原级asOur city has developed into a big one,which is four times as big as it used to be.我们的城市已经扩展成了一个大城市，是原来的 4 倍大。2more than“多于；不仅仅”China Daily is more than a newspaper.It can broaden our horizons.中国日报不仅仅是份报纸，它能开阔我们的视野。3the比较级，the比较

1475、级“越就越”Dont lose heart.The harder you study,the greater progress youll make.不要泄气，你学习越刻苦，进步就越大。4比较级thanany(other)名词单数.“比任何其他的都”Mike is more hardworking than any other student in the class.迈克比班里其他任何一个同学都勤奋。5最高级名词(that)sb.have/has ever done“是某人曾经过最的”Yunnan is one of the most beautiful placesI have ever

1476、visited in China.云南是我在中国曾经游览过的最美丽的地方之一。6be senior/junior to“比年长/年龄小；(地位或级别等)比高/低”Mr.Liu is three years senior to me,and he is also senior to me in our company.刘先生长我 3 岁，在公司里级别也比我高。7prefer.to.“喜欢胜过”(2014全国卷)I prefer a small class to a large one with too many students.我喜欢班额小的班，不喜欢有太多学生的大班。8as many/muc

1477、h as“多达；尽可能多”House prices in most places in Beijinghave reached asmuch as 30，000 yuan per square meter.在北京，大多数地方的房价已达到了一平方米 30 000 元之多。9as.as possible“尽可能”As a student,you should have as much knowledge as possible in store for the future use in building ourcountry.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高

1478、考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 247 页（共 331 页）作为一名学生，你应该储备尽可能多的知识以备未来建设国家之用。10there is nothing better than.“没有比再好的”(2015湖南高考)As a student,I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by myteacher before my classmates.作为学生，我可以告诉你没有任何事情比老师在同学面前表扬你更好的了。1be过去分词(be 可使用各种时态)(2014江苏高考)Nowadays,more and mo

1479、re English words are being used in the Chinese language.当今，越来越多的英语词汇正在汉语中使用。(2014辽宁高考)Everyone is expected to be part of the event which encourages creative minds and givesfull play to your DIY skills.希望所有人都参加这项活动，活动鼓励创造性并让大家充分展示 DIY 技能。(2014湖北高考)Luckily she was not badly injured and we sent her to

1480、the nearest hospital.幸运的是，她受伤不严重，而且我们把她送到了最近的医院。(2014辽宁高考)The prizegiving ceremony is to be held from 15：00 to 17：00 on June 18.颁奖仪式将于 6 月 18 号 15：00 至 17：00 举行。(2014湖南高考)To keep the feet dry and comfortable,this new kind of shoes is equipped with amicrofan.为了使脚干燥舒服，这种新鞋配备了微型风扇。It is suggested that

1481、you should make friends with people having different characteristics or backgrounds.建议你应当与不同性格及背景的人交朋友。2情态动词be过去分词 To improve the air quality,the use of private cars should be reduced.为了提高空气质量，应该减少使用私家车。As can be seen from the chart,more and more people own mobile phones in China now.从表中可以看出，现在中国拥有手

1482、机的人越来越多。3get过去分词(2014北京高考)The entrance to the parking place was too small and often got blocked.通往停车场的入口太小了，经常堵车。(2014北京高考)Im feeling very sorry to tell you that I have to change our plan to visit Yunnan in July,because one of my feet got injured.我很抱歉地告诉你我不得不改变七月去云南的计划，因为我的一只脚受伤了。1(2014四川高考)As the s

1483、aying goes,“No pains,no gains.”正如谚语所说的那样，“不劳无获。”2(2014江西高考)As the saying goes,“A good beginning is half the battle.”正如谚语所说的那样，“好的开端是成功的一半。”3(2014江西高考)All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.只工作不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。4(2014江西高考)Francis Bacon once said,“Knowledge is power.”弗朗西斯培根曾经说过，“知识就是力量。”5(2014江西高考)As we

1484、 all know,books are the ladder of human progress.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 248 页（共 331 页）众所周知，书籍是人类进步的阶梯。6(2014重庆高考)As a famous saying goes,“A friend is a present you give yourself.”正如一句著名的谚语所说的，“朋友是你给自己的礼物。”7(2014广东高考)As the saying goes,“The roses in her hand,flavor in mine.

1485、”正如谚语所说，“赠人玫瑰，手留余香。”8(2013湖南高考)In a word,success is important,and so is failure,because its the mother of success.总之，成功是重要的，失败也是重要的，因为它是成功之母。9(2013浙江高考)It also helps me understand the proverb“Practice makes perfect.”它也帮助我理解了这句谚语“熟能生巧。”10(2013四川高考)Im sure that repetition is the best learning habit fo

1486、r repetition is the mother of success.我相信，重复是最好的学习习惯，因为重复是成功之母。11As the saying goes,“Time is money.”Yet,its indeed the case.有句谚语说得好：“时间就是金钱。”情况就是这样。12Above all,diligence is the mother of success.总之，勤奋是成功之母。13Mother told me that where there is a will,there is a way.母亲告诉我，“有志者，事竟成。”14Some old people s

1487、ay,“The happiness will come when the pain leaves.”古人说得好，“苦尽甘来。”15If you“Do as the Romans do when in Rome”，youll enjoy more of your stay here.只要你入乡随俗，就会更好地享受这里的生活。写作序列升级(二十一)写作常用段首句型 1关于人们有不同的观点。一些人认为There are different opinions among people as toSome people suggest that 2俗话说(常言道)它是我们前辈的经验。但是，即使在今天，它

1488、在许多场合仍然适用。As an old saying goes,.Its the experience of our forefathers.However,it is correct in many caseseven today.3现在它给我们的日常生活带来了许多危害。首先其次更为糟糕的是Today,，which has brought a lot of harm for our daily life.First,.Second,_.What makes things worse is that 4现在很普遍。许多人喜欢因为另外(而且)Nowadays,it is common to.Ma

1489、ny people likebecause_.Besides,5任何事物都是有两面的，也不例外。它既有有利的一面，也有不利的一面。Everything has two sides andis not an exception.It has both advantages and disadvantages.6关于人们的观点各不相同。一些人认为(说)在他们看来Peoples opinions aboutvary from person to person.Some people say that.To them,7人类正面临着一个严重的问题这个问题变得越来越严重。Man is now facin

1490、g a big problem.The problem is becoming more and more serious.8已成为人们关注的热门话题，特别是在年轻人当中，它将引发激烈的辩论。has become a hot topic among people,and especially among the young heated debates are right ontheir way.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 249 页（共 331 页）9在我们的日常生活中起着越来越重要的作用。它给我们带来了许多好处，但同时

1491、也引发了一 些严重的问题。has been playing an increasingly important role in our daytoday life.It has brought us a lot ofbenefits but has created some serious problems as well.10根据图表/数字/统计数字/表格中的百分比/条形图可以看出很显然但是为什么呢？According to the figure/number/statistics/percentages in the table/bargraph,it can be seen that.O

1492、bviously,，but why?写作序列升级(二十二)写作常用段中句型 1相反，有一些人赞成他们相信同时，他们认为Onthe contrary,there are some people in favor of.They believe.At the same time,they say 2但是，我认为这不是解决的好方法。比如最糟糕的是But I dont think it is a very good way to solve.For example,_.Worst of all,3对我们国家的发展和建设是必不可少的，也是非常重要的。首先而且最重要的是is necessary and i

1493、mportant to our countrys development and construction.First,.Whatsmore,The most important of all,4有几个可供我们采纳的方法：首先，我们可以There are several measures for us to take.First,we can 5面临我们应该采取一系列行之有效的方法来一方面另一方面Confronted with，we should take a series of effective measures to_.For one thing,；for another,6是时候处理这

1494、个问题了。比如说另外所有这些方法肯定会It is high time that something was done with it.For example,.In addition,.All thesemeasures will certainly 7为什么？第一个原因是第二个原因是第三个原因是总的来说的主要原因 是Why？The first reason is.The second reason is.The third is.Forall these,the main reason ofis 8然而，正如任何事物都有好坏两个方面一样也有它不利的一面，像However,just as ev

1495、erything has both its good and bad sides,also has its own disadvantages,suchas 9尽管如此，我相信更有利。Nonetheless,I believe that _is more advantageous.10我完全同意这种观点(陈述)，因为I fully agree with the statement that，because 写作序列升级(二十三)写作常用段尾句型 1就我而言，在某种程度上我同意后面的那个观点，我认为As far as I am concerned,I agree with the latter

1496、opinion to some extent.I think that 2总而言之，整个社会应该密切关注的问题。只有这样，我们才能在将来In a word,the whole society should pay close attention to the problem of.Only in this way can中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 250 页（共 331 页）wein the future.3但是和都有它们各自的优势(好处)。例如而然而，把这两者相比较，我更倾向于(喜欢)Butandhave their o

1497、wn advantages.For examplewhile.Comparing this with that,however,I prefer to 4我相信因此，我坚信美好的未来正等着我们，因为I believe that.Consequently,Im confident that a bright future is awaiting us because 5随着社会的发展因此，迫切需要如果每个人都愿为社会的发展贡献出自己的一份力量，这个社会将会变得越来越美好。With the development of society.So its urgent to_.If every memb

1498、er is willing tocontribute his effort to the development of society,it will be better and better.6至于我(对我来说/就我而言)，更合理。只有这样，我们才能For my part,it is more reasonable to_.Only in this way can we 7依我看，有必要原因如下：第一第二第三最后但同样重要的是In my opinion,it is necessary to.The reasons are as follows.Firstly,.Secondly,.Third

1499、ly,_.Last but not least,8从总体上很难说是好还是坏，因为它在很大程度上取决于的形势。然而，就个人而言 It is difficult to say whetheris good or not ingeneral as it depends very much on the situation of.However,from a personal point of view 9综上所述，我们可以合理地得出结论From what has been discussed above,we may reasonably arrive at the conclusion that

1500、10如果我们不采取有效的方法，就可能控制不了这种形势，这样就会出现一些意想不到的后果，所 以，我们应该做的是If we can not take effective measures,we may not control this situation,and thus,some undesirable resultsmay come out,so what we should do is 写作序列升级(二十四)循“纲”蹈“句”，轻松驾驭提纲作文 题型特点提纲作文要求考生根据所给出的提示性文字，首先确定文章的中心思想，然后紧紧围绕中心思想展开 论述，表达主旨。它的特点是提纲既体现了文章的层次，又

1501、规定了各段大致的内容，为考生提供了写作思 路。写作技巧 1仔细研读题目。做到三定：定体裁、定人称、定时态。2分析整合要点。对所给的要点进行分析及重新整合，并适当进行细节扩展。3斟酌具体表达。结合文章要点及关键词确定选用的具体词汇及句式。作文题目假设你叫李华。你的英国朋友 Andrew 对你校传统文化教育感兴趣。现在，请你用英语回一封信，简 要介绍你校的这些活动。1吃中国饭；2.说中国话；3.过中国节。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。请根据括号内的提示完成下列作文Dear Andrew，中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017

1502、高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 251 页（共 331 页）I am writing to tell you something about the activityheld_by_our_school(由我们学校举行的)to build up our colorful cultural education.First/Firstly/To_begin_with(首先),we are supposed to have our traditional diet instead of the westernjunk food,which_reminds_me_of(这使我想起)a variety

1503、of local delicious snacks all over the country.In_addition/Whats_more/Additionally(另外),with the influence of China becoming wide and far,Putonghuaplays an important part in the world.So speaking our mother tongue is_our_first_choice(是我们的首选).For_one_thing(一方面),itis and will be the most wonderful lang

1504、uage in the world;for_another(另一方 面),it stands for our rich and splendid cultures.At present,many western festivals storm in,making us focus onwestern cultures while(然而)observing Chinese festivals offers us a chance to explore the cultures of ourown.You are welcome to join us if you are interested i

1505、n it.Yours,Li Hua中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 252 页（共 331 页）备考手册十二 话题手册 28 concentrate(oneself)on/focus(ones attention)on全神贯注于 29 do/make/perform/carry out an experiment做实验 30 come to/reach/draw a conclusion 2学习结果 得出结论 话题一 话题三 话题五 话题七 话题九 话题十一 话题十三 话题十五 学校生活 兴趣与爱好 语言学习 文娱与体育 科技与

1506、传媒 自然与环保 工作与职业 情感与态度 话题二 话题四 话题六 话题八 话题十 话题十二 话题十四 话题十六 家庭、朋友和周围的人 节假日活动与购物 饮食与健康 旅游与交通 个人情况 文学与艺术 文化交流与社交礼仪 社会交往 话题一 学校生活 子话题(一)学习过程与学习结果 1学习过程 prepare vt.revise/review vt.revision n.instruction n.explanation n.presentation prehension n.analyze vt.summarize vt.discuss vt.debate vt.&vi.creativity n.

1507、repeat vi.&vt.memorize vt.assignment n.check vt.figure outtake inturn/hand ingo over21 refer to22 team up with23 make an effort to do sth.24 spare no effort to do sth.25 get(sth.)across to sb.26 go through27 be absorbed/buried/occupied in准备 复习 复习 教导，指导 解释 呈现；演示 理解 分析 概括，总结 讨论 辩论，争论 创造性 重做；背诵 记忆 作业 检

1508、查，核对 理解；明白 理解；吸收 上交 复习 参考，查阅；提到，涉及，有关 与合作，与协作 努力去做某事 不遗余力去做某事 让某人理解(某物)浏览；翻阅 全神贯注于，专心致志于 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 253 页（共 331 页）attain/obtain/gain/acquire vt.获得 achievement n.成绩，成就，功绩 improve vt.提高，改进 degree n.学位 scholarship n.奖学金 diploma n.毕业文凭；学位证书 qualification n.资格 gradu

1509、ate school研究生院 private school私立学校 public school公立学校 子话题(三)教学管理与课程 1教学管理 register vt.&vi.登记，注册 achieve successmake progresspay offcatch up withachieve ones ambitionsmake it获得成功 取得进步 取得成功 赶上 实现某人的志向 通过，成功 have a good command/knowledge of精通 live up to ones expectations达到某人的期望 子话题(二)考试、评估与学校类型 1考试与评估 ex

1510、amination n quiz n.assessment n.mark/score n.grade n.vt.the College Entrance Examinationcheat in the exampass/get through the examfail the examget high/full marks 考试 小测验 评估 分数 分数 评分 高考 考试作弊 通过考试 考试不及格 得高分/满分 academic achievement/performance学习成绩 make up the exam2学校类型 nursery schoolprimary/elementary

1511、schoolsecondary schooljunior high schoolsenior high schoolattached middle schooltechnical schoolkey schoolcollege n.university n.institute n.补考 托儿所 小学 中 学 初 中 高 中 附 中 技校 重点学校 大学，学院 大学 学院，研究院 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 254 页（共 331 页）n.登记簿，花名册 timetable n.课程表，日程表 routine n 常规 di

1512、scipline n.纪律 remove/dismiss vt.开除 on schedule按时 be admitted to/into被录取 headmistress n.女校长 president n.大学校长 headteacher n.中小学班主任 staff n.全体员工 2学生 junior n.低年级生 sign up forask for leavebe absent frombe present atgraduate frombe strict with注册，报名，参加 请假 缺席 出席 毕业于 对要求严格 obey/observe/keep to the school ru

1513、les/regulations遵守学校规章制度 逃课 辍学 skip the classdrop out of the school 2课程 geography n.psychology n.biology n.biochemistry n.architecture n.botany n.geometry n.algebra n.arithmetic n.major n.vi.adj.subject/course n.curriculum pulsory courseoptional coursescience coursearts course子话题(四)师生员工与学校设施 1教职员工 ed

1514、ucator n instructor n.professor n.tutor n.librarian n.headmaster n.地理学 心理学 生物学 生物化学 建筑学 植物学 几何学 代数 算术 主修科目 主修(in)，专攻 主要的；主修的(课程)课程，科目(学校的)全部课程 必修课 选修课 理科课程 文科课程 教育工作者，教育家 教师，教员；讲师 教授 家庭教师，私人教师，导师 图书管理员；(西方的)图书馆馆长(英)中小学校长 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 255 页（共 331 页）senior n.高年级生 c

1515、lassmate n.同班同学 schoolmate n.校友 monitor n.班长 schoolleaver n.(英)中学毕业生 graduate n.大学毕业生 postgraduate n.研究生 be/get involved in参与；牵涉进 volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事 participate in参加 take an active part in积极参加 3收获与感受 praise n&vt.表扬，赞扬 master n.doctor n.postdoctor n.subject representative3学校设施 campus n.constru

1516、ction n.lablaboratory n.library n.canteen n.dormdormitory n.playground n.platform puter roommultimedia classroomconference roomlecture theatre 子话题(五)学校活动 1活动类型 competition n.opening ceremonygraduation ceremonysports meetinga spring outingparentteacher conferencesocial investigationafterschool activi

1517、tiessocial practicesummer camp2参与 volunteer n pete vi.attend vt.get togethergo in fordeliver/give/make a speech硕士 博士 博士后 课代表 校园 建筑物 实验室 图书馆，图书室 餐厅；食堂 学生宿舍 操场，运动场 讲台 微机室 多媒体教室 会议室 阶梯教室 比赛，竞赛 开学典礼 毕业典礼 运动会 踏青 家长会 社会调查 课外活动 社会实践 夏令营 义工，志愿者 无偿做 竞赛；竞争 参加，出席 聚会 参加，从事，对感兴趣 发表演讲 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学

1518、 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 256 页（共 331 页）award n&vt.奖；奖项；奖励 reward n&vt.奖励；回报；报酬 prize n.奖，奖金 refreshed adj.提神的 relaxed adj.放松的 keep up ones spirits保持高昂的情绪 widen/expand/broaden ones horizons开阔某人的视野 enrich ones knowledge丰富某人的知识 enhance ones confidence增强某人的自信心 inspire ones interest激发某人的兴趣 shape ones charac

1519、ter塑造某人的性格 1We should not confine ourselves to the classroom.We ought to go out of the classroom,see theoutside world and become a wellrounded student.我们不应把自己束缚在教室内，所以我们应当走出教室，看一看外面的世界，成为一个全面发展的学 生。2The dream of going to the firstclass university attracts us greatly and we have made up our mindsto a

1520、chieve it.上一流大学的梦想很吸引我们，所以我们已下定决心来实现它。3You can join other students in playing ball games or swimming.It will be a lot of fun.你可以和其他同学一起打球或游泳，那会很有趣。4If we have difficulties,we can turn to our teachers and classmates for help.如果我们有困难，我们可以向我们的老师和同学寻求帮助。5At school,all the teachers work very hard.They en

1521、courage us to build up our confidence and inspire us to improve our study.在学校，所有的老师工作都非常努力，他们鼓励我们树立信心并且激励我们提高学习成绩。6With the help of our English teacher,we had a discussion and finally came up with the propersolution.在英语老师的帮助下，我们进行了讨论并最终提出了合适的解决方案。7When they take part in an international summer camp,

1522、Chinese students are given the chance to goabroad,meet new people and get involved in all sorts of activities.当中国学生参加国际夏令营时，他们会得到出国的机会，见一见新面孔，参加各种各样的活动。8Every time before an examination,I am so upset.Im afraid I may fail the exam and cant live upto my teachers expectations.每次考试前我都非常烦躁，害怕考试不及格而辜负了老师的

1523、期望。9At the same time,students should be encouraged to develop good habits and behave themselvesbetter.同时应该鼓励学生养成良好的习惯以及表现得更得体。10I hold the firm belief that with the joint efforts of both teachers and students,our school willbecome a more enjoyable place in the near future.我坚信在师生的共同努力下，我们的学校在不久的将来会变成

1524、一个更加宜人的地方。(2016石家庄高三质检)假定你是星光中学的高中毕业生李华，母校将为高一新生举办主题为“Whatto learn in senior high school？”的英语沙龙活动，特邀请你结合自身经历谈谈自己的体会。请根据以下 提纲准备一份 100 词左右的英语发言稿。1学会学习：方法、习惯等；2学会做人：真诚、友善等；3其他方面：考生自拟。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 257 页（共 331 页）范文必背 Good morning,everyone!I feel honored to be here to

1525、share with you my opinions on what to learnin senior high school.In the coming three years,your school life will be challenging.Firstly,you should learn to learnefficiently.Personally,I used to try effective methods to achieve my academic goals.Developing a goodhabit is also of importance.It really

1526、benefited me a lot to preview lessons,get actively involved in class andreview what had been taught after class.In addition,you should learn how to get along with others in school.I respected teachers and wasfriendly with classmates.We created a harmonious atmosphere with sincerity and faithfulness.

1527、Finally,you should take part in sports and other outdoor activities frequently.They are very helpful tobuild up your body and enrich your school life.No pains,no gains.I am sure that with your great efforts,you will enjoy a colorful and fruitful lifehere.Thank you!佳句演练(1)把句改为 it 作形式主语的复合句 It_is_my_h

1528、onor_to_be_here to share with you my opinions on what to learn in senior high school.(2)用强调句型对句加黑部分进行强调 It_was_with_sincerity_and_faithfulness_that we created a harmonious atmosphere.话题二 家庭、朋友和周围的人 子话题(一)相关人员 1家人 grandparents n 祖父母，外祖父母 grandfather n.爷爷，外公 grandmother n.奶奶，外婆 grandchild n.(外)孙子或孙女 g

1529、randson n.孙子，外孙 granddaughter n.(外)孙女 stepfather n.继父 stepmother n.继母 fatherinlaw n.岳父；公公 motherinlaw n.岳母；婆婆 brotherinlaw n.姐(妹)夫；小叔；大伯 sisterinlaw n.嫂子，弟媳 daughterinlaw n.儿媳 uncle n.叔；伯；舅；姑父；姨父 aunt n.婶；伯母；舅妈；姑妈；姨 nephew n.侄子，外甥 niece n.侄女，外甥女 cousin n.堂(表)兄弟，堂(表)姐妹 housewife n.家庭主妇 couple n.夫妇，一对

1530、 21 host n.主人；节目主持人 22 hostess n.女主人 23 bride n.新娘 24 bridegroom n.新郎 25 twin n.双胞胎 2朋友和周围的人 relative n.亲属，亲戚 partner n.伙伴；同伴 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 258 页（共 331 页）fellow n.同伴；伙伴 monitor n.班长 penpal n.笔友 netpal n.网友 stranger n.陌生人 director n.主任 headteacher n.班主任；中小学校长 enthu

1531、siastic adj.热情的 precious adj.珍贵的 21 grateful adj.感激的 22 sincere adj.真诚的 23 conscience n.良心；良知 24 merciful adj.宽大的；仁慈的 25 modest adj.谦虚的；谦逊的 headmaster n.neighbour n.villager n.roommate n.acquaintance n.elder n.senior n.junior n.adult n.teenager n.middle age n.21 companion n.22 colleague n.23 preside

1532、nt n.24 chairman n.25 manager n.子话题(二)人际关系 1和谐的人际关系 harmony n harmonious adj.friendly adj.considerate adj.admirable adj.respectful adj.consult vt.appreciate vt.associate vt.respect vt.&n.understand vt.understanding n.accompany vt.share vt.cooperate vi.forgive vt.congratulate vt.congratulation n.(中小学

1533、)校长 邻居，邻人 村民 室友，舍友 熟人；相识 长辈；老人；父辈 年长者；高年级生 年幼者；低年级生 成年人 青少年 中年 同伴；同事；伴侣 同事，同僚 总统；董事长；大学校长 主席 经理 和睦，和谐 和谐的 友好的 体贴的 值得赞赏的，可钦佩的 恭敬的，有礼貌的 请教；商量 欣赏；感激 使联合 尊重 理解；领会 理解 陪同，陪伴 分享，共同使用 合作 原谅 祝贺 祝贺 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 259 页（共 331 页）26 reliable adj.可信赖的 27 patient adj.有耐心的 28 trus

1534、t vt.相信；信任 29 promote vt.促进；提升 30 make up和解 31 communicate with与交流 32 be ready to help others乐于助人 33 be concerned for/about对担心/关心 34 share.with.与分享 35 depend/rely on依靠，相信，信赖 36 have.in common有共同之处 37 fit in with与相适应/相融洽 38 get on/along well with sb.与某人相处融洽 39 be in harmony with.与和谐相处/协调 40 be on goo

1535、d terms with sb.与某人关系好 2不和谐的人际关系 fight n&vi.打架；打斗 quarrel n&vi.争吵；吵架 conflict n.冲突 tolerance n.忍受 barrier n.屏障，障碍 friction n.摩擦 prejudice n.偏见，成见 tension n.紧张局势 abandon vt.抛弃，舍弃，放弃 abuse vt.虐待；辱骂；滥用 divorce vt.离婚 condemn vt.谴责，指责，宣判 blamevt.责备，指责 complain vt.&vi.抱怨 embarrass vt.使尴尬 misunderstand vt.

1536、误会；误解 bother vt.打扰；麻烦 break up分手；解散；结束 be bored with厌烦 be fed up with受够了 21 be to blame应受责备 22 have words with与发生口角 1I didnt realize the importance of cooperating with others until I was chosen monitor of my class in my senior middle school.直到上高中我被选为班长时我才意识到与他人合作的重要性。2Just as the saying goes,“One tr

1537、ee doesnt make a forest”，our success is based on cooperating with others.正如谚语所言：“独木难成林”，我们的成功是建立在与他人合作的基础上的。3We should be kind to one another,which is essential to enjoying a harmonious life.我们应当彼此友善，这对于享受和谐的生活是绝对必要的。4With friendship,life is happy and harmonious.Without friendship,life is hostile an

1538、d unfortunate.拥有友谊，生活就会快乐又和谐；没有友谊，生活就会充满敌意与不幸。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 260 页（共 331 页）5As far as Im concerned,to build a good relationship,we should trust each other first.就我个人而言，要建立良好的关系，我们首先应该彼此信任。6As is known to us all,children spend less time having hearttoheart talks wit

1539、h their parents whenthey grow older.众所周知，当孩子们长大的时候，他们与他们的父母进行知心交谈的时间更少了。7As we all know,making friends can help us establish good interpersonal relationships,and build aharmonious society.众所周知，交友有助于我们建立良好的人际关系，也有利于构建和谐社会。8It was your help and kindness that made my study and life in the UK special an

1540、d enjoyable.正是你的帮助和热心让我在英国的学习和生活既特别又快乐。9I hope we can stay in touch with each other so that we can communicate with each other to knowmore about the Chinese and British culture.我希望我们之间能相互保持联系，这样我们就可以相互交流，从而了解更多的中国和英国的文化。10Therefore,we should keep calm no matter what happens in the future.Only in thi

1541、s way can we deal with things correctly and maintain our friendship.因此，不管将来发生什么事情我们都应该保持冷静，只有用这种方式我们才能恰当地处理问题并维护 好我们的友谊。(2016邢台高三模拟)“言语能够伤人”，请结合生活中的事例说明这一观点。词数：100 左右。范文必背 My deskmate admires my fluent English very much and I usually feel encouraged by his compliments.One day,when we learned the new

1542、 word“eccentric”in class,we were asked to make a sentence with it.I volunteered to do it by saying“My deskmate is an eccentric boy whose clothes never fit him.”Hearingthis,the whole class burst into laughter and my deskmates face turned red.After class,I learned from theteacher that my deskmate woul

1543、d have dropped out of school if he hadnt been helped by others.Mymindlesswordsmusthavehurthimdeeply.Not until then did I realize words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.We shouldavoid hurting others when we speak.佳句演练(1)写出句的同义句 The_moment_they_heard_this,_the whole class burst_out

1544、_laughing and my deskmates face turnedred.(2)用强调句式改写句(强调时间状语)It_was_not_until_then_that I realized words could be powerful in both positive and negative ways.话题三 兴趣与爱好 子话题(一)娱乐休闲 hobby n 业余爱好 entertainment n.娱乐 recreation n.娱乐，消遣 enjoyment n.享受；令人愉快的事 amateur n.业余爱好者 drama n.戏剧 opera n.歌剧 Peking ope

1545、ra京剧 ball n.舞会 ballet n.芭蕾舞 drawing n.绘画 cooking n.烹饪 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 261 页（共 331 页）enjoyable adj.令人愉快的 delighted adj.高兴的 pleasant adj.令人愉快的 play cards打扑克 play chess下棋 play bridge打桥牌 go to the theater去看戏 collection n 收藏品，收集物 antique n.古董 treasure n.金银财宝，财富 variety n

1546、.种种，种类 attraction n.吸引，爱慕 attract vt.吸引，引起 see a film/movie21 chat online22 play games23 make friends/epals 24 in ones spare time25 be interested in/have a taste for26 develop an interest in27 be fond of28 be keen on29 suit ones taste30 be crazy about31 be fascinated by32 prefer.to.33 be addicted to

1547、34 abandon oneself to看电影 在线聊天 玩游戏 交友/交网友 在某人的业余时间 对感兴趣 在方面发展兴趣 喜欢 喜欢 符合某人的嗜好 对着迷 对着迷 比更喜欢 对上瘾 沉迷于 35 listen to pop/classical/country music听流行/古典/乡村音乐 子话题(二)户外活动 travelling n.jogging n.surfing n.gardening n.sailing n.barbecue n.exploration n.go boatinggo fishinggo hikinggo campinggo skiinggo skatingg

1548、o huntingclimb mountainstake picturestake photographsrock climbing子话题(三)收藏 旅游 慢跑 冲浪 园艺 航海 烤肉野餐 探险，探测，勘探 划船 钓鱼 去远足 去野营 去滑雪 去滑冰 去打猎 爬山 拍照 摄影 攀岩 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 262 页（共 331 页）possess vt.占有，拥有 worth adj.有的价值，值得的 worthless adj.没有价值，没有用的 precious adj.宝贵的，珍贵的 valuable adj.

1549、值钱的，贵重的 priceless adj.无价的 collect stamps/coins 集邮/收藏古币 have an eye for对有鉴赏力 be popular with受的欢迎 cultivate ones mind陶冶某人的情操 1Collecting stamps not only gives me great satisfaction but also helps me relax under the pressure ofstudies.集邮不仅使我得到极大的满足，而且帮助我缓解学习中的压力。2I enjoy my hobby.It offers me an opport

1550、unity to do something interesting and creative.Meanwhile,it provides me with a source of pleasure.我享受着我的爱好。它提供给我一个做既有趣又有创意的事的机会，同时它还是我快乐的源泉。3A proper hobby does not occupy students too much time.In fact,it is unhealthy for them to spend all of time on their study.As an old saying goes,“All work and

1551、no play makes Jack a dull boy.”一个适当的爱好并不会占用学生太多的时间。事实上，他们把全部的时间都用到学习上会有害健康，正如俗话所说：“只工作，不玩耍，聪明孩子也变傻。”4Music is so appealing to me that I always listen to music whenever Im free,which brings me into a different world.The feeling is beyond my words.It has become such an important part in my life that I

1552、 canhardly imagine what life would be like without music.音乐对我很有吸引力，只要一有时间我就会听音乐。音乐带我进入了一个不同的世界，这种感觉是语 言无法表达的。音乐已成为我生命中重要的一部分。真的很难想象，如果没有音乐(我的)生活将会怎样。5Never for a moment can I stop my love for reading because books are wise teachers as well as goodfriends in my life.Books are the source of knowledge

1553、and power,from which I benefit a lot.我对书的热爱一刻也不能停止，因为在我的生活中书是良师益友。书是知识和力量的源泉，我从中获 益匪浅。6In my opinion,the more interested people are,the more knowledge they will get.So interest is thebest teacher of learning.在我看来，人们越感兴趣，他们的知识就越丰富，因此兴趣是学习的最好老师。7I join the basketball team,where I not only learn the im

1554、portance of teamwork but also strengthenmy body,which is of great benefit to my mental as well as physical health.我加入了篮球队，从中我不但认识到团队合作的重要性，还增强了体质，这对我的身心健康大有益处。8Watching TV can bring us a lot of pleasure and teach us a lot,but spending too much time on it may do harm to our eyes and make us tired.So

1555、we should do sports at times when we are free from work.看电视会给我们带来很多快乐，教会我们许多知识，但在这方面花太多时间也会伤害我们的眼睛，使 我们感到疲劳。因此在工作之余我们应该偶尔锻炼一下身体。9My favorite sports are skating and swimming,so I often go skating or swimming with friends atweekends,which helps me have a keen mind to report something at a fast speed a

1556、nd have a strong body forwork.我最喜欢的体育运动是滑冰和游泳，因此我经常在周末和朋友们一起去滑冰或游泳，这能使我有敏感 的头脑来快速报道某事件，还有强健的体魄来工作。10In addition,Id like to suggest school be responsible for the afterschool activities,which will beaimed at relaxing students and promoting their enthusiasm for study.此外，我想建议学校提供一些旨在让学生放松并提高他们学习热情的课外活动。

1557、(2016贵州七校联盟第一次联考)你的英国网友 Peter 非常精通钓鱼，听说你的兴趣爱好也是钓鱼，他 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 263 页（共 331 页）对此非常感兴趣。他请你谈谈令你印象深刻的钓鱼经历及该经历对你产生的积极影响。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可适当发挥，以使内容连贯。参考词汇：坚持 persistence范文必背 Fishing is my favorite,for it is both fun and instructive,which has helped me improve my powe

1558、r ofcontrolling myself.Three years ago when my study was not satisfactory and my challenge was my lacking enoughpatience and persistence my father taught me how to fish to help me overcome these.Told that fishingwas full of fun,I followed him without hesitation.Its strange that fishing isnt as easy

1559、to learn as it seems.To grasp the skill,I tried hard and eventually became a skilled fisher.Meanwhile,I can focus on my study,which has been greatly improved since then.Now I share my experience with those with the same trouble,encouraging them to study with their fulldevotion and attention.佳句演练(1)用

1560、强调句型对句加彩部分进行强调 It_was_three_years_ago_when_my_study_was_not_satisfactory_and_my_challenge_was_my_lacking_enough_patience_and_persistence_that my father taught me how to fish to help me overcome these.(2)把句加彩部分改为 when 引导的从句 When_I_was_told_that_fishing_was_full_of_fun,_I followed him without hesitati

1561、on.话题四 节假日活动与购物 子话题(一)节假日 1中国节日 the Spring Festival春节 the Dragon Boat Festival端午节 the MidAutumn Festival中秋节 Tombsweeping Day清明节 Double Ninth Festival重阳节 Lantern Festival元宵节 New Years Day元旦 National Day国庆节 Teachers Day教师节 Childrens Day儿童节 2西方节日 Christmas圣诞节 Christmas Eve平安夜 Thanksgiving Day感恩节 Valent

1562、ines Day情人节 April Fools Day愚人节 Halloween万圣节 Easter复活节 Mothers Day母亲节 Fathers Day父亲节 3世界节日 World Sleep Day3 月 21 日世界睡眠日 World Water Day3 月 22 日世界水日 World Health Day4 月 7 日世界卫生日 World Earth Day4 月 22 日世界地球日 International Labour Day/May Day中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 264 页（共 331 页

1563、）5 月 1 日国际劳动节 World NoSmoking Day5 月 31 日世界无烟日 International Childrens Day6 月 1 日国际儿童节 International Environment Day6 月 5 日世界环境日 World Population Day7 月 11 日世界人口日 子话题(二)节假日相关活动 celebration n 庆祝；庆祝会 torch/flashlight n.手电 bulb n.灯泡 battery n.电池 of good/poor quality 质量好/坏 2场所 store n.商店 feast n.gettoge

1564、ther n.decorate vt.treat vt.&vi.cater vt.&vi.be on holiday/leave/vacationin memory of/in honor ofexchange giftsdress upfamily reunioncelebrate the festivalon special occasionsa display of fireworkscelebrate an anniversaryattend a ceremonythe opening ceremony子话题(三)节假日用品 decoration n.lantern n.firewor

1565、k n.firecracker n.flame n.balloon n.candle n.dragon boatChristmas treepumpkin lamp子话题(四)常见商品与场所 1常见商品 towel n.handkerchief n.shampoo n.perfume n.thread n.needle n.pearl n.razor n 盛宴，宴会，(宗教的)节日(亲友等的)聚会 装饰，修饰 招待；款待 承办酒席，提供饮食 在度假 为纪念 交换礼物 打扮；装扮 家人团圆 庆祝节日 在特殊场合 烟火表演 庆祝周年纪念 出席仪式 开幕式 装饰品 灯笼；提灯 焰火；(pl.)烟火

1566、鞭炮 火焰，光辉 气球 蜡烛 龙舟 圣诞树 南瓜灯 毛巾 手帕 洗发香波 香水 线 针 珍珠 剃须刀 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 265 页（共 331 页）supermarket n.超市 retailer n.零售店 旧货店 shopping mall/center购物中心 chain store连锁店 department store百货商店 antique shop古玩店 1As TeachersDay was approaching,our class decided to hold a party to cel

1567、ebrate the important day for a change this year.随着教师节的临近，今年为了换一种方式来庆祝这个重要日子，我们班决定举办一场晚会。2The most obvious example is probably Christmas,which is celebrated around the world.最明显的例子可能就是圣诞节了，世界各地的人都会庆祝圣诞节。3The MidAutumn Festival is a traditional festival of China,which is actually a daystall/stand n.sh

1568、elf n.counter n.checkout counter/cashier desk子话题(五)交易与支付 1交易 bargain vi.n.purchase n&vt.consume vt.consumer n.customer n.goods n.parcel n.for saleon salesell outpick outfixed priceprice indexplace an order for 2支付 change n.cheque(美 check)n.expense n.fee n.penny(pl.pence)n.pound n.fare n.receipt n.re

1569、fund vt.afford vt.in cashcredit cardfree of chargeat a discount售货摊 货架，架子 柜台，结账处 收银处 讨价还价(经讨价还价后)成交的商品；廉价货 购买，采购 消耗，耗费(燃料、能量、时间等)消费者(商店)顾客，主顾 商品，货物 包裹 待售，出售(折价)出售，上市 售完 选出 固定价格 物价指数 定购 零钱，找头 支票 消费；支出 费，费用(英)便士；(美)分 磅；英镑(车或船的)费用，票(价)收据 退款 负担得起(的费用)用现金支付 信用卡 不收费，免费 打折 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017

1570、高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 266 页（共 331 页）for family中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 267 页（共 331 页）reunion.中秋节是中国的传统节日，实际上是家人团聚的日子。4The custom of worshipping and admiring the moon dates back to several thousand years ago.祭月赏月的风俗追溯到几千年前。5On the Eve of the Spring Festival,firstly,family members g

1571、et together and have big meals.Secondly,they watch the Spring Festival Gala on TV.在除夕，家庭成员首先聚在一起吃大餐，然后他们观看电视上的春节联欢晚会。6In another way,if you go shopping online,you will have no chance to see the things you want to buyand check.另一方面，如果你网上购物，你将不再有机会去看到那些你想购买和检查的商品。7If you plan your shopping in advance

1572、of winter,you can save lots of money.如果在入冬前购置这些物品，你能省下一大笔钱。8The reason why this item should be bought only during sales is that it will give you the best value for money.只在打折的时候买这件东西的原因是这样真的可以让你物有所值。9Nowadays,with the rapid development and increasing popularity of the information technology,shopping

1573、 on the Internet has been a fashion,especially among the youngsters.如今，随着信息技术的快速发展和日益普及，在互联网上购物已成为一种时尚，尤其是在年轻人当中。10Shopping on the Internet has a lot of advantages,of which the most important is perhaps itsconvenience.在互联网上购物有很多优点，其中最重要的或许是它的便利性。(2016秦皇岛高三质检)上个世纪 80 年代，中国人对圣诞节还比较陌生。然而，近年来大多数中国人 都已接受

1574、并过上了这一“洋节”，并且越过越热闹。但国内多数人的“圣诞热”与宗教没有太多联系，他 们不过是享受大餐、疯狂消费而已。请你就此事写一篇英语短文并发表评论。注意：词数 100 左右。参考词汇：宗教 religion合唱曲 chorus范文必背 Nowadays we are very familiar with Christmas,which foreigners will celebrate by sending cards andgifts,pretending as Santa Claus and listening to chorus in church.It is accepted t

1575、hat Christmas has beenbrought into China and gradually developed into part of Chinese culture.However,mostofChinesedontcelebrateitexactlyasforeignersdo.Theircelebrationhasnothingtodo with religion but they celebrate it in a different and special way.In their view,Christmas is a goodchance for them t

1576、o enjoy big meals and do the shopping madly.In order to meet their needs of madconsumption,many supermarkets and restaurants especially provide their goods at a discount on that day,which results in their large sales.As an originally religious festival,why should many Chinese spend it only by consum

1577、ing madly insteadof in a more meaningful way?This is the problem that many of us should consider carefully.佳句演练(1)根据句仿写句子 It_is_accepted_that English is becoming increasingly important as an international language.作为国际语言，英语已变得越来越重要的事实已被人们接受。(2)根据句仿写句子 The boy was away from home for a week,which_worr

1578、ied_his_parents_very_much.这个男孩离家一个星期了，这使他父母很担心。话题五 语言学习 子话题(一)学习内容 alphabet n 字母；字母表 vocabulary n.词汇，词汇量 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 268 页（共 331 页）phrase n.短语；词组 expression n.词语，措辞 idiom n.成语，习语 sentence n.句子 passage n.文章 accent n.口音，音调 dialect n.方言，土话 look up查阅 insist on坚持 21

1579、make full use of充分利用 22 learn.by heart背诵，记住 23 keep/bear.in mind记住 24 put.to use使用 25 work hard at努力学习 saying n.pronunciation n.tone n.stress n.spelling n.meaning n.term n.grammar n.usage n.mistake/error n.loan word21 compound word22 native/mother tongue23 official language24 oral/spoken English25 w

1580、ritten English26 foreign language子话题(二)学习过程 dictation n.pronounce vt.spellvt.input vt.&n.output vt.&n.recite vt.retell vt.consult vt.classify vt.enlarge vt.enrich vt.practise vt.&vi.drill n&vi.skim vt.&vi.scan vt.&vi.translate vt.&vi.accumulate vt.&vi.overcomevt.谚语 发音 腔调；语调；声调 重音 拼写；拼法 意义 术语；条目 语法 用

1581、法，使用 错误 外来词 复合词 母语 官方语言 英语口语 书面英语 外语 听写 发音 拼写 输入 输出 背诵 复述 查阅 分类 扩大 丰富 练习 训练，操练 跳读；略读 扫读；浏览 翻译 积累；积聚 克服；解决 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 269 页（共 331 页）26 set/take/write/note down写下，记下 27 refer to/consult a dictionary查字典 28 develop ones interest培养某人的兴趣 29 improve ones reading abili

1582、ty提高某人的阅读能力 30 form the/a habit of reading养成阅读习惯 31 enlarge/expand ones vocabulary扩大某人的词汇量 32 practise ones oral/spoken English某人练习口语 33 memorize as many words as you can尽量多记单词 子话题(三)学习结果 master vt.精通，掌握 grasp vt.领会；掌握 improve vt.&vi.改善；增进；提高 accomplish vt.完成 standard adj.标准的 accuracy n 准确，精确 accura

1583、te adj.准确的，精确的 perfect adj.完美的，极好的 fluent adj.(外语)流利的，流畅的 fluency n.流利 excellent adj.极好的，优秀的 abundant adj.充足的，丰盛的，充裕的 exact adj.精确的；确切的 wonderful adj.精彩的；了不起的 precise adj.准确的，精确的，确切的 explicit adj.清楚明白的，易于理解的 translate.into把翻译成 pick up(无意间)学得；拾起，捡起；接收 have a good command of精通 have a good knowledge of

1584、通晓 1My hard work pays off,and I am quite proud of what I have achieved/the progress I have made inEnglish.我的努力没有白费，我为自己在英语方面所取得的进步感到非常骄傲。2In the competition for a wellpaid job,the one who can speak fluent English has an advantage overthose who cannot.在找一份好工作的竞争中，讲英语流利的人会比不会说英语的人有优势。3By learning Engl

1585、ish we can broaden our mental horizons and increase our knowledge in variousfields.通过学英语我们能够开阔我们的精神视野，增加我们在各领域的知识。4They think learning English is one of the demands of modern society and will do good to our futurecareer.他们认为学习英语是现代社会的要求之一，它将对我们未来的职业有益。5We are supposed to learn English well because h

1586、aving a good command of English means moreopportunities in the future.我们理应学好英语，因为精通英语意味着在将来有更多的机会。6Study is very important for every individual because we have to acquire new and advancedknowledge to keep pace with the rapid development of science and technology.学习对每个人来说都非常重要，因为为了跟上科技的快速发展，我们必须获得新的、

1587、先进的知识。7There are several tips on how to learn English well.Firstly,you should spare no effort to readinteresting English news,which can help you increase your interest in English.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 270 页（共 331 页）有几条学好英语的建议。首先，你应当不遗余力地阅读有趣的英语新闻，这有助于增加你对英语的兴 趣。8Firstly,I

1588、 always take part in the English corner where I often exchange my English study experiencewith others,which broadens my horizons and improves my interest in English.首先，我总是参加英语角，在那里我经常和其他人交流学习英语的经验，这拓宽了我的视野，提高了 我对英语的兴趣。(2016洛阳高三一模)假如你是高中三年级学生李华，开学之初，你的英语老师 Ms.Li 希望了解每位 同学的英语学习情况，并征求教学建议。请按以下要点用英语给她写一

1589、封信。内容包括：1对英语学习的认识；2自己目前的英语水平；3自己在英语学习中遇到的主要问题；4对英语教学的两点建议。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2信的开头已给出，不计入总词数。Dear Ms.Li，I am very happy to have you as our English teacher.范文必背 Dear Ms.Li，I am very happy to have you as our English teacher.As the world is becoming a global village,English is getting more and more importa

1590、nt.So masteringEnglish means we can see the world through a new window.My English is just OK and the two main problems in my study are that I feel it difficult to learn wordsby heart,and that I often feel nervous when speaking English.I really hope that you can give me goodadvice on how to memorize

1591、new words.Another suggestion is to give us more chances to practisespeaking.I believe we can make much progress in English with you teaching us.Thank you!佳句演练(1)把句加彩部分改为 with 的复合结构 With_the_world_becoming_a_global_village,_English is getting more and more important.(2)把句改为表语从句 Another suggestion is

1592、that_you_(should)_give_us more chances to practise speaking.话题六 饮食与健康 Yours，Li Hua子话题(一)食物与食材 1粮食与主食 wheat n 小麦 flour n.面粉，粉 grain n.谷物，谷类 dumpling n.饺子 noodle n.面条 pancake n.薄煎饼 porridge n.稀饭，粥 hamburger n.汉堡包 sandwich n.三明治 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 271 页（共 331 页）toast n.烤面

1593、包 beancurd n.豆腐 cuisine n.饭菜，菜肴 2甜食 biscuit n.饼干 chocolate n.巧克力 cookie n.小甜饼 cheese n.奶酪 honey n.蜂蜜 pepper n.胡椒粉 popcorn n.爆米花 salad n.色拉(西餐中的一种菜)sauce n.酱；调味汁 dessert n.sweet n.3肉食 bacon n.beef n.chicken n.mutton n.pork n.steak n.sausage n.4蔬菜 vegetable n.potato n.tomato n.cabbage n.carrot n.eggpl

1594、ant n.garlic n.mushroom n.onion n.pea n.5水果 fruit n.peach n.pear n.grape n lemon n.melon n.pineapple n.strawberry n.watermelon n.cherry n.6零食及其他 refreshments n.chips n.cream n.butter n.甜点 甜食；甜点；糖果 咸猪肉；熏猪肉 牛肉 鸡；鸡肉 羊肉 猪肉 牛排，肉排，鱼排 香肠，腊肠 蔬菜 土豆，马铃薯 西红柿 卷心菜，洋白菜 胡萝卜 茄子 大蒜 蘑菇 洋葱；洋葱头 豌豆 水果 桃 梨 葡萄 柠檬(甜)瓜 菠萝 草

1595、莓 西瓜 樱桃 点心，便餐(pl.)炸土豆条(片)奶油，乳脂 黄油，奶油 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 272 页（共 331 页）vinegar n.醋 junk food垃圾食品 子话题(二)厨具、餐具与就餐 1厨具与餐具 cooker n.炊具(锅、炉灶、烤炉等)stove n.火炉，煤炉，电炉 bowl n.碗 sour adj.酸的，馊的 acid adj.酸的 子话题(四)疾病与病因 1疾病与残疾 disease/illness/sickness n.病，疾病 AIDS n.艾滋病 fork n.dish n.p

1596、late n.spoon n.chopsticks n.teapot n.container n.叉，餐叉 盘，碟 盘子，碟子 匙，调羹 筷子 茶壶 容器 2就餐 cafeteria n.restaurant n.diningroom n.bakery n.menu n.recipe n.buffet n.snack n.be/go on a dietbe rich/abundant inbe high/low in keep a balanced dietunhealthy eating habit子话题(三)进食与味道 1进食 taste n.vt.&vi.swallow vt.chew

1597、vt.digest vt.appetite n.nutrition n.2味道 delicious adj.tasty adj.tasteless adj.bitter adj.salty adj.自助餐厅 饭馆，饭店 食堂，餐厅 面包店 菜单 食谱 自助餐 小吃 节食 富含 含高/低 保持均衡的饮食 不健康的饮食习惯 品尝，尝味；味道 品尝，尝味 吞下；咽下 咀嚼 消化，吸收 食欲，胃口 营养 美味的，可口的 味道好的 无滋味的 苦的，有苦味的 咸的，含盐的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 273 页（共 331 页）can

1598、cer n.癌 stroke n.中风 fever n.发烧；发热 flu n.流行性感冒 depression n.抑郁症 dizziness n.头晕；头昏眼花 choke n&vt.窒息 painful adj.疼痛的，痛苦的 bleed vi.出血，流血 have a pain in(某处)疼痛 2症状 symptom n.症状 sneeze vi.打喷嚏 blind adj.deaf adj.dumb adj.lame adj.disabled adj.allergic adj.heart attackinfective disease2病因 pressure n.stress n.

1599、poison n.bacterium n.virus n.harmful adj.poisonous adj.unhealthy adj.unfit adj.be infected withput on weightsuffer fromget overweightbreak down 子话题(五)伤痛与症状 1伤痛 ache vi.&n.backache n.stomachache n.headache n.toothache n.injury n.burn n.harm n&vt.hurt vt.injure vt.wound vt.n.瞎的 聋的 哑的 跛的，瘸的，残废的 残废的，残疾的

1600、 过敏的 心脏病 传染病 压迫，压力 精神压力，心理负担 毒药 细菌 病毒 有害的 有毒的，致命的 不健康的，不卫生的 不健康的 传染上 增加体重 遭受，患上 变得肥胖(身体)垮掉 痛，疼痛 背痛 胃疼 头疼 牙痛 伤害，受伤处 烧伤；晒伤 伤害；损伤 伤害，受伤；伤人感情 损害，伤害 使受伤，伤害 创伤，伤口 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 274 页（共 331 页）swell vi.肿胀 serious adj.严重的 severe adj.十分严重的 abnormal adj.反常的 acute adj.(病)急性的

1601、dizzy adj.头晕目眩的 unconscious adj.昏迷的，不省人事的 子话题(六)药物与救护 1药物 drug n.药，药物；毒品 medicine n.药 pill n.药丸，药片 capsule n.(药)胶囊 herb n.草药 tablet n.药片 take medicine吃药 2救护 clinic n.诊所 ambulance n.救护车 bandage n.绷带 prescription n.处方 ward n.病房 Xray n.X 射线；X 光 treatment n.治疗，疗法 examine vt.检查；诊察 rescue vt.营救，援救 free me

1602、dical service公费医疗 recover from从中恢复 cure sb.of.治愈某人 be under medical treatment在治疗中 relieve the pain减轻痛苦 send for a doctor派人请医生 take ones temperature量某人的体温 take ones blood pressure量某人的血压 operate on/perform an operation on sb.给某人动手术 1.In my opinion,we should try to develop healthy eating habits to buil

1603、d up a strong body.在我看来，我们应当努力养成健康的饮食习惯来增强我们的体质。2The doctor advised that we should have a balanced diet and get into the good habit of getting upearly.医生建议我们要均衡饮食并养成早起的习惯。3We must admit the fact that eating junk food is harmful to our health.我们必须承认吃垃圾食品有害健康。4The majority of people take in too much f

1604、at and not enough fibre,which does great harm to theirhealth.大多数人摄入的脂肪太多，而纤维不足，这对他们的健康很有害。5A healthy diet consists of eating a variety of foods rich in vitamins,fibre and mineral,and low in fatand calories.健康饮食包括饮食多样化，吃富含维生素、纤维和矿物质而脂肪和卡路里含量低的食物。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 275 页

1605、（共 331 页）6People are beginning to attach much more importance to their health these days than ever before.如今人们开始比以往更重视他们的健康。7With the improvement of the living standards,more and more people,especially children,aresuffering from obesity.随着生活水平的提高，越来越多的人，尤其是孩子，正在饱受肥胖之苦。8Staying up to study does harm

1606、to your health.In addition/Besides,it will affect your study thefollowing day for lack of energy.熬夜学习对你的身体有害。此外，你还会因为精力不足而影响第二天的学习。9A balanced diet and regular exercise can help us keep healthy both physically and mentally.均衡的饮食和有规律的锻炼能帮助我们保持身心健康。10Wed better take part in more outdoor activities ins

1607、tead of sitting in front of TV sets or computers for a long time,which is bad for our health.我们最好多参加一些户外活动，而不要在电视、电脑前坐很长时间，这对身体有害。(2016衡水高三模拟)假如你叫李华，是一位中学生。在听了关于健康饮食的讲座后，你想用英语给 21st Century 报社写一封信，反映你对当今学生饮食的看法：1越来越多的学生喜欢吃西式快餐，结果摄入大量的糖和脂肪；2大家对中餐和西式快餐哪种更健康有不同看法；3你认为中餐更健康，说出你的理由。注意：词数 100 左右。范文必背 Dear

1608、 Editor，Now,more and more students are getting fond of western fast food,and thus they take in too muchsugar and fat.I dont think it good for their health.There are all kinds of foods in the world.Which one is healthier,the Chinese food or the western fastfood?Different people have different opinion

1609、s.In my opinion,the Chinese food is healthier.Firstly,the Chinese food contains a lot of fruits andgreen vegetables.It is rich in fiber and low in sugar and fat.Secondly,the Chinese food is very delicious andhas many dishes,which provide us with all kinds of nutrition.I think it is the healthiest fo

1610、od in the world.So many Chinese people can keep fit and have white teeth.佳句演练(1)用现在分词短语作状语改写句 Yours sincerely,Li Huafat.Now,more and more students are getting fond of western fast food,thus taking_in too much sugar and(2)用 concern 的相关短语改写句 As_far_as_Im_concerned,_the Chinese food is healthier.话题七 文娱

1611、与体育 子话题(一)音乐 1相关人员 singer n 歌手 musician n.音乐家 pianist n.钢琴家 violinist n.小提琴家，小提琴手 composer n.作曲家 conductor n.乐队指挥 band n.乐队 choir n.合唱团，教堂的唱诗班 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 276 页（共 331 页）chorus n.合唱队，歌咏队 fan n.粉丝 2音乐类型 symphony n.交响乐 hiphop n.嘻哈音乐 pop music流行音乐 rock music摇滚音乐 lea

1612、ding role主角 2影视类型 drama n.戏剧 cartoon n.动画片 comedy n.喜剧 tragedy n.悲剧 classical musiclight musicfolk musiccountry music 3乐器 instrument n.drum n.guitar n.piano n.violin n.trumpet n.organ n.4其他 album n.concert n.perform vt.performance n.broadcast vt.n.conduct vt.clap vt.&vi.live adj.adv.form a bandcompo

1613、se a songstart touringmake/produce records子话题(二)影视 1相关人员 cast n.actor n.actress n.director n.performer n.cameraman/photographer n.producer n.audience n.古典音乐 轻音乐 民间音乐 乡村音乐 乐器 鼓 吉他 钢琴 小提琴 小号 风琴 唱片，专辑 音乐会；演奏会 表演 演出 广播；播放 广播 指挥，引导，带领 鼓掌 现场直播的 在现场直播 组建乐队 创作歌曲 开始巡回演出 制作唱片 全体演员 男演员 女演员 导演 表演者 摄影师 制片人 观众，听众

1614、 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 277 页（共 331 页）opera n.歌剧 documentary n.纪录片 TV series电视连续剧 soap opera肥皂剧 silent film无声电影 romantic film爱情片 action film动作片 competitor n.竞争者，选手 professional n.职业运动员 adj.职业的，专业的 referee n.裁判，仲裁，调解员 judge n.裁判；审判员；法官 vt.判断，断定 science fiction filmdetective

1615、 filmhorror filmtalk showtalent showquiz showthe Spring Festival Gala3影视器材及设施 camera n.microphone n.studio n.stage n.cinema n.cushion n.curtain n.4其他 production n.produce vt.direct vt.release vt.plot n.amused adj.boring adj.disgusting adj.dull adj.horrible adj.humorous adj.channel n.ticket n.admit v

1616、t.admission n.科幻片 侦探片 恐怖片 脱口秀；谈话节目 选秀节目 智力竞赛节目 春节联欢晚会 摄像机 麦克风 工作室，演播室，摄影棚 舞台 电影院 垫子 幕布 制作 制作；生产；制造 导演(电影)发行；发布 故事情节 被逗乐的 乏味的，无聊的 极糟的，令人不快的，令人厌恶的 阴暗的；单调无味的 令人恐惧的；恐怖的 幽默的；滑稽的 频道 票；入场券 承认，准许(入场，入学，入会)准入，接纳 impress sb.with sth.impress sth.on sb.某物给某人深刻印象 put on a performance子话题(三)体育 1相关人员 athlete n.演出 运

1617、动员 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 278 页（共 331 页）trainer n.训练员；教练 coach n.教练 cyclist n.骑自行车的人 captain n.队长 sponsor n.赞助者，赞助商 manager n.经纪人 cheerleader n.啦啦队队长 changing room更衣室 diving platform跳台 starting/finishing line 起点/终点线 4比赛 event n.赛事；事件，大事 tournament n.锦标赛，联赛 champion/gold me

1618、dalistrunningup/silver medalistworldrecord holderseeded player 2运动项目 beam n.baseball n.badminton n.bowling n.tennis n.golf n.gymnastics n.marathon n.shooting n.athletics n.relay n.diving n.weightlifting n.wrestling n.boxing n.high jumplong/broad jumphurdle racewalking racefigure skating21 field even

1619、ts22 track events 3体育器材及设施 arrow n.bat n.helmet n.court n.gymgymnasium n.field n.stadium n.track n.swimming pool冠军 亚军 世界纪录保持者 种子选手 平衡木 棒球 羽毛球 保龄球 网球 高尔夫球 体操 马拉松 射击 田径 接力 跳水 举重 摔跤 拳击(运动)跳高 跳远 跨栏比赛 竞走 花样滑冰 田赛 径赛 箭；箭头(棒球、板球的)球棒；球拍 头盔 球场 体育馆；健身房 场地(露天)体育场 跑道，轨道；田径 游泳池 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高

1620、考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 279 页（共 331 页）victory n.胜利 league n.联盟，社团 association n.协会，社团，联系 deserve vt.应得，应受 defeat/beat vt.击败；战胜 glory n.巨大的光荣；荣誉；赞美 honour/honor n.荣誉，光荣 vt.尊敬，给予荣誉 final n.决赛 adj.最后的；终极的 Olympic(s)adj.&n.奥林匹克(的)a close game一场势均力敌的比赛 compete in在方面竞争 physical exercise体育锻炼 break the record打破纪录 se

1621、t a new world record刷新世界纪录 stand for代表 build up ones body增强某人的体质 1Sports are perhaps the most popular form of relaxation that almost all can enjoy.体育运动可能是几乎所有人都可享受的最大众化的放松形式。2Some people seem to think that sports are unimportant things that people do at times when they arenot working.有些人似乎认为体育运动不是什么

1622、重要的事情，只是人们在不工作的时候偶尔才去做的。3I have a detailed routine that is designed to strengthen both my mind and my body.我每天都有设计的具体的计划来锻炼我的大脑和身体。4In addition to improving creativity,learning music also cultivates many skills that will continue to be useful to your children throughout their lives.除了提高创造力，学音乐还可以培养许

1623、多能力，这些将使孩子受益终生。5.China won 32 gold medals,many of which were won by women.中国赢得了 32 枚金牌，其中许多是女子赢得的。6.Only those athletes who have reached the required standard are allowed to take part.只有那些达到标准的运动员才能够参加。7Its obvious that daily exercise is very beneficial to your health.很显然每天锻炼非常有益于你的健康。8Its said that

1624、 there will be a concert conducted by a worldfamous conductor on Sunday evening.据说周日晚上将有一场音乐会，它由一位世界著名的指挥家指挥。9Not only does exercise improve our health but also it makes us cheerful and raises our learningefficiency.锻炼不仅改善我们的健康状况，而且可以使我们精神愉悦，提高学习效率。10As far as Im concerned,running is not only a good

1625、 way to build up our strength but also helps us relax and relieve the pressure of learning.就我个人而言，跑步不仅是强身健体的好方法，而且有助于我们放松心情，缓解学习压力。(2016长春高三质检)目前，教育部提出要把足球纳入学校体育课程教学体系，作为体育课必修内容。某英语报以“Popularization of Campus Football”为题，向中学生征文。请你根据以下内容要求用英语写一 篇短文应征。内容包括：1足球进校园的意义；2学校存在的问题(如场地、设施、师资等)；中山纪念中学内部资料 201

1626、6 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 280 页（共 331 页）3你的看法。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可根据提示内容适当发挥，以使行文连贯；3短文的开头已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：设施 facility校园 campus普及 popularizePopularization of Campus FootballChinas Ministry of Education has promoted popularization of campus football in the countrysschools._范文必背 Popularization

1627、 of Campus FootballChinas Ministry of Education has promoted popularization of campus football in the countrysschools.It is very significant to popularize campus football.Firstly,football training in schools will helpteenagers to build up their bodies.Secondly,it will enable teenagers to lay a solid

1628、 foundation of football atan early age,which makes it possible for the national team to select excellent football players in the future.However,ahead of us lie some difficulties.At present,the majority of the schools in our country haveno football facilities,like standard football fields.Also,qualif

1629、ied coaches are in great need.As far as I am concerned,in order to popularize campus football and realize Chinas football dream,Istrongly advocate that we should make joint efforts to contribute to the youth football progress and thatlocal governments at various levels should take effective measures

1630、 to support the youth footballdevelopment.佳句演练(1)用同义句改写句 It is of_great_significance_to popularize campus football.(2)根据句仿写句子 At_the_foot_of_the_hill_lies a beautiful lake.山脚下有个美丽的湖。话题八 旅游与交通 子话题(一)旅行相关人员、旅行准备及住宿 1旅行相关人员 traveller n 旅行者 tourist n.旅行者，观光者 guide n.向导，导游 agent n.代理人，经纪人 travel agency旅行

1631、社 2旅行准备 arrangement n.安排，布置 baggage/luggage n.行李 insurance n.保险 suitcase n.(旅行用)小提箱，衣箱；行李箱 pack n.包，捆 vt.打包 application n.申请 customs n.海关，关税 passport n.护照 visa n.签证 travel brochure旅行指南 3住宿 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 281 页（共 331 页）accommodation n.住宿 tip n&vi.(给)小费 reserve vt.预订

1632、 put up投宿 check in登记入住 check out结账离开 book a single/double room 预定一个单人/双人房间 vehicle n.交通工具，车辆 carriage n.四轮马车；(火车)客车厢 lorry n.(英)运货汽车，卡车 tram n.有轨电车 cab n.(美)出租车 2铁路 子话题(二)旅行类型及旅游景点 1旅行类型 journey n.tour n.trip n.voyage n.outing n.selfdriving travel 2旅游景点 destination n.scenery n.castle n.museum n.pala

1633、ce n.pyramid n.temple n.fountain n.monument n.a summer resorta place of interesta mustsee place3景点描写及感受 attractive fortable adj.crowded adj.cultural adj.fantastic adj.historical adj.be struck bybeyond descriptioncatch ones eyeappeal to.a dream trip 子话题(三)交通方式 1陆路 motorcycle n.truck n.(长途)旅行，行程 参观，观光

1634、，旅行(短途)旅行，旅程 航行，旅行 郊游，远足 自驾游 目的地，终点 风景，景色，风光 城堡 博物馆，博物院 宫，宫殿 金字塔 庙宇，寺院 喷泉 纪念碑，纪念物 避暑胜地 名胜 必游之地 迷人的，有吸引力的 舒服的；安逸的；舒服自在的 拥挤的 文化的(口语)极好的，美妙的，很棒的 历史的 被迷住 难以表达 吸引某人的眼球 对有吸引力 梦想之旅 摩托车 卡车，运货车 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 282 页（共 331 页）railway n.铁路；铁道 subway n.地铁 underground n.地铁 adj.地下

1635、的 express train特快列车 doubledecker train双层火车 highspeed rail高铁 airport n.飞机场 canal n.运河 terminal n.终点站 platform n.站台 traffic signal/light交通信号灯 expressway service area高速公路服务区 bullet train3航空 aeroplane n.aircraft n.airliner n.flight n.helicopter n.jet n.land vi.take offcancel the flightpassenger planeeco

1636、nomic classnonstop flight4水路 port/harbor n.ferry n.paddle n.sailing boatgo aboard动车(英)飞机 飞机(单复数同形)班机 航班 直升飞机 喷气式飞机 着陆，登岸(陆)；降落 起飞 取消航班 客机 经济舱 直达航班 港口，码头 渡船 桨状物，蹼 帆船 上船 子话题(四)交通人员、交通设施、交通状况及其他 1交通人员 driver n passenger n.passerby n.pedestrian n.pilot n.steward n.stewardess n.conductor n.ticket inspect

1637、orthe crew of the ship2交通设施 crossing n crossroads n.sidewalk/pavement n.highway n.司机，驾驶员 乘客，旅客 过客，过路人 步行者，行人 飞行员(火车、飞机、轮船等)男服务员；男乘务员 女乘务员，空中小姐 列车员 检票员 全体船员 十字路口，人行横道 交叉路口(单复数同形)人行道 公路，主要交通道路 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 283 页（共 331 页）railway station火车站 parking lot停车场 3交通状况及其他 co

1638、llision n.碰撞事故 crash vt.&n.碰撞，撞击 block vt.阻塞；阻挡 brake n.闸 vt.&vi.刹车 trap n.陷阱 vt.使陷入困境 accelerate vt.&vi.(使)加速，加快 delay vi.&n.拖延，延误，延迟，延期；耽搁 run over辗过；压过 knock into/against撞上 driving license/permit驾照 traffic accident交通事故 pay a fine支付罚款 be/get stuck in被困在 restrict speed限速 break the speed limit超速 hol

1639、d up耽搁，推迟 speed up加速 slow down放慢速度 run a red light闯红灯 avoid traffic jams避免交通堵塞 21 obey/observe traffic regulations遵守交通规则 22 ensure peoples safety on the road 确保路上行人的安全 23 improve traffic safety awareness提高交通安全意识 1Standing on the top of the mountain,the temple has witnessed many changes in this area.

1640、座落在山顶的庙见证了这个地区的许多变化。2Its very convenient to get there by taking Buses No.17,69 or 59 besides Subway Line 2.乘车到达那里很方便，可乘坐公共汽车 17 路、69 路或 59 路，以及地铁 2 号线。3As is known to us all，Mount Huashan is famous for its breathtaking cliffs and its uniquecharacteristics.正如大家所知道的，华山以它险峻的悬崖和它独一无二的特征而出名。4On arriving

1641、at the top of the hill,we were deeply attracted by the beautiful scenery.一到达山顶，我们就深深地被这里美丽的风景所吸引。5Toronto has some top tourist attractions,which attract millions of visitors every year.多伦多有一些顶级的旅游景点，每年吸引数百万游客。6The moment we arrived,we were given a warm welcome by the local people.我们一到达就受到了当地人的热烈欢迎。7

1642、People prefer to choose highspeed trains because they move very fast,thus shortening the travelling time.人们更喜欢选择高速列车，因为它们行驶速度非常快，从而缩短旅行时间。8With the development of economy,there are more and more private cars and traffic jams are getting heavier and heavier.As a result,traffic accidents occur frequen

1643、tly.Bear in mind that the traffic regulationsare of great importance to road safety.随着经济的发展，私家车越来越多，交通拥堵越来越严重。因此，交通事故频频发生。要记住：交通 规则对道路安全至关重要。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 284 页（共 331 页）9With so many parents coming to pick up their children,traffic jams are frequent near the schoo

1644、lgate,which has caused a lot of inconvenience to us.有许多父母来接孩子，学校门口附近经常发生拥堵，这给我们造成很多不便。10It is aimed at stopping common traffic violations such as speeding,running a red light,drunkdriving,driving without license and so on.其目的是阻止常见的交通违规，例如超速、闯红灯、酒后驾车以及无证驾驶等。(2016东北三校第一次联考)假如你是校学生会主席李华，学校安排你下周末作为导游带领外

1645、籍教师 Mr.Smith 进行一次近郊游。请你用英语给 Mr.Smith 写一封电子邮件，包括以下内容：1自我介绍；2出游的时间、目的地等信息；3需要提前做的准备工作。注意：1.为使行文连贯，可根据内容要点适当增加细节；2词数 100 左右；开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。Dear Mr.Smith，范文必背 Dear Mr.Smith，Yours sincerely，Li HuaIt is my honor to introduce myself to you.Im Li Hua,chairman of the Student Union of our school.And I was a

1646、sked to act as a tourist guide for you on next weekend.The schedule and details are as follows.Well have a wonderful and wellorganized trip,not far from the downtown.Since you are new here,you will be amazed at the scenery and surroundings there.In terms of the meeting time,8 oclock on themorning of

1647、 Saturday will be fine.And at that time,I will be waiting for you at the school gate.Remembernot to take too many things.Just a bottle of water,some pieces of bread or other kinds of food,and a cap ora pair of sunglasses will be enough.Also,youd better wear a pair of sports shoes.Looking forward to

1648、seeing you.I believe well have a good day.佳句演练(1)用现在分词作状语改写句 Being_new_here,_you will be amazed at the scenery and surroundings there.(2)把句改为强调句(强调谓语动词)Do_remember_not_to_take_too_many_things.话题九 科技与传媒 Yours sincerely，Li Hua子话题(一)计算机与网络技术 1硬件和软件 keyboard n 键盘 monitor n.监视器；显示屏 mouse(pl.mice)n.(计算机)鼠

1649、标 printer n.打印机 screen n.幕，荧光屏 hardware n.硬件 software n.软件 system n.系统；体系 data n.数据，资料 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 285 页（共 331 页）database n.数据库 2操作 download n&vt.下载 calculate vt.计算，核算，推测 click vt.点击 insert vt.插入 delete vt.删去 biotechnology n.生物科技 cloning n.克隆 transplant n&vt.移植

1650、technological innovation科技创新 new frontier新领域 3D technology3D 技术 surf the Internethave access to/be accessible toITinformation technologysearch enginetablet personal computerportable computervirtual nethighspeed broadband networks子话题(二)太空科技 astronaut n.astronomer n.planet n.telescope n.universe n.glo

1651、be n.gravity n.orbit n.rocket n.airspace n.atmosphere n.astronomy n.space shuttlespace stationsolar systemthe outer spacemanned spaceship/spacecraftunmanned spaceship/spacecraftweather satellitecommunication satellite21 launch/send up a satellite22 circle the moon23 land on the moon24 return to the

1652、earth25 carry out scientific experiments26 have access to space travel27 explore the space子话题(三)前沿科技 上网浏览信息 能使用 信息技术 搜索引擎 平板电脑 便携式电脑 虚拟网 高速宽带互联网 宇航员 天文学家 行星 望远镜 宇宙 地球仪，地球 重力，地球引力(天体等的)运行轨道 火箭 领空，(某国的)空域 大气，大气层 天文学 航天飞机 太空站；空间站 太阳系 外层空间；外太空 载人飞船 无人飞船 气象卫星 通信卫星 发射卫星 绕月 登月 返回地球 开展科学实验 能到太空旅游 探索太空 中山纪念中

1653、学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 286 页（共 331 页）3D movie3D 电影 digital technology数字技术 artificial intelligence人工智能 new and high technology industry 高新技术产业 testtube baby试管婴儿 GMFgenetically modified food转基因食品 household robot家用机器人 electronic books电子读物 text message手机短信 子话题(五)媒体内容、媒体人及其他 1媒体内容 a

1654、dadvertisement n.广告 article n.文章 industrial robotintelligent terminal子话题(四)媒体 1书报刊 edition n.magazine n.poster n.version n.booklet n.annual n.daily n.catalogue n.publish vt.print vt.subscribe vt.&vi.2广播电影电视 television n.programme n.broadcast n.vt.signal n.video n.3互联网 Internet work n.website n.cyber

1655、space n.email n.WeChat n.connect vt.convenient adj.instant adj.worldwide adj.with the popularity of the Internet工业机器人 智能终端(发行物的)版，版(本)杂志(贴在公共场所的大型)招贴；广告(画)改写本 小册子，小书 年刊 日报 目录 出版，发行 印刷 订阅，订购(报刊等)电视 节目；项目 广播节目 广播 信号 录像，视频 互联网，因特网 网络，网状系统 网址 网络空间 电子邮件 微信 连接，把联系起来 便利的，方便的 立即的；即时的 遍及全球的，世界范围的 随着网络的普及 分散某

1656、人的注意力 有负面影响 distract ones attentionhave a negative effect中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 287 页（共 331 页）photophotograph n.照片 headline n.(报刊的)大字标题 title n.标题，题目 anecdote n.轶事，趣闻 report n&vt.报道，报告 feature n.特写，花絮 criticism n.评论 current affairs时事 2媒体人 announcer n.播音员 operator n.通讯员 col

1657、umnist n.专栏作家 commentator n.评论员 editor n.编辑 correspondent n.通讯记者 journalist n.新闻记者 reporter n.记者 producer n.制作人 publisher n.发行人 3其他 press n.出版社 update vt.更新；校正 expose vt.揭露 advertise vt.做广告 advertising signs广告牌 advertise for sth.登广告征求/寻找 arouse wide public concern/draw wide public attention引起广泛的公众关注

1658、 arrange an interview安排采访 cover an event报道事件 1Microblog can provide a platform to show our talent and release our pressure,thus making it moreand more popular with high school students.微博能给我们提供一个展示我们的天赋、释放压力的平台，因此使它越来越受中学生的欢迎。2However,no matter how attractive the Internet is,we shouldnt be separated

1659、 from our loved ones.Therefore,we should stop surfing the Internet and spend time with our families,enjoying the time when weare together.然而，无论网络对我们的吸引力有多大，我们都不应该与我们所爱的人分开。因此，当我们在一起的 时候我们应该停止上网，与家人享受美好的时光。3It goes without saying that modern technology brings us convenience and comfort in life.毫无疑问，现

1660、代科技给我们的生活带来方便和舒适。4It is obvious that iPad is of great help to our study,especially to our English listening.显而易见，iPad 对我们的学习有很大的帮助，尤其是对我们的英语听力。5In the last decades,advances in medical technology have made it possible for people to live longerthan in the past.在过去的几十年间，医疗技术的进步已经使得人们比过去活的时间更长成为可能。6No m

1661、atter where you go,what you see and when you look,you will easily find there are many adsaround you,such as:toy ads on TV,food ads on computers,etc.无论你走到哪里，你看到了什么，你什么时候看，你会很容易发现有很多的广告在你的周围，如：电 视上的玩具广告，电脑上的食品广告等。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 288 页（共 331 页）7Though ad has brought us

1662、 great convenience,it troubles us a lot at the same time.虽然广告给我们带来了极大的方便，但同时也给我们带来了很多烦恼。8It is announced in the local paper that the factory will take on more experienced workers.据当地报纸宣布这家工厂将雇用更多有经验的工人。9After the professor opposed to carrying out the project made a comment on the report,the mediafoc

1663、used on it.反对实施这项工程的教授发表了对报告的意见后，就引起了媒体的关注。10Whether you can become a successful journalist depends on whether you work hard enough.你是否能成为一名成功的记者取决于你工作是否足够努力。(2016太原五中模拟)随着科技的发展，通讯越来越方便快捷，几乎每个高中生都有自己的微信号，可 以用微信和自己的朋友聊天，向老师请教问题，交流思想。但有的同学花了太多的时间用微信和朋友聊天，还有的同学甚至有几百个好友。请你就以上现象进行分析，并发表自己的看法。注意：1.词数 100

1664、左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。范文必背 With the development of science and technology,communication has become increasingly convenient.People can communicate with their friends or relatives freely in different ways.Among them chatting onthe WeChat is the most popular.Almost every senior high student has their own

1665、WeChat number,withwhich they can chat with their friends,ask their teachers to help them solve their puzzles and exchangetheir thoughts.However,some students have spent too much time chatting with their WeChat friends.Whatsworse,some students have hundreds of WeChat friends,eating up almost all thei

1666、r spare time,even theirstudy time.I do think that WeChat can bring us much convenience and benefit,but what we should do is use itproperly and reasonably.We should limit our time on it and devote ourselves to our study.佳句演练(1)根据句仿写句子 We are looking for the person to_whom the book belongs.我们正在寻找这本书的主

1667、人。(2)根据句仿写句子 They began to build their dreams,eventually making_them_a_reality.他们开始构建梦想，最终将梦想变为了现实。话题十 个人情况 子话题(一)外貌特征 1外表 ordinary adj.普通的，平常的 plain adj.朴素的；简单的 handsome adj.英俊的；帅的 elegant adj.文雅的，漂亮的 pretty adj.漂亮的，俊俏的 ugly adj.丑陋的；难看的 grey/gray adj.灰色的；灰白的 pale adj.苍白的，灰白的 smooth adj.光滑的；平坦的 fair

1668、 adj.(肤色)白皙的；(人)白肤金发的 figure n.(人的)体形，身材 straight adj.直的，笔直的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 289 页（共 331 页）adv.直地，笔直地 overweight n.超重 adj.超重的，过重的 slim adj.苗条的 medium height中等身材 average height一般身材 below average低于平均水平 satisfied/content adj.满意的 pleased/delighted adj.高兴的 confused adj.困

1669、惑的 cheerful adj.兴高采烈的 desperate adj.绝望的 numb adj.麻木的，失去知觉的，迟钝的 gentle and graceful2着装与配饰 clothing n.garment n.dress n.vt.&vi.suit n.uniform n.blouse n.underwear n.sweater n.belt n.tie n.vt.scarf n.apron n.collar n.pocket n.sleeve n.button n.vt.&vi.zip n.vt.jewel n.jewelry n.ring n.21 necklace n.22 l

1670、oose adj.23 tight adj.24 fit adj.vt.&vi.25 dress in the latest fashion26 be in fashion27 be out of fashion28 follow the fashion 3表情 facial adj.窈窕(总称)衣服(一件)衣服 女装，连衣裙(给)穿衣；穿着 一套外衣；套装 制服 宽罩衫；(妇女、儿童穿的)短上衣 内衣 厚运动衫，毛衣(皮)带，腰带 领带，鞋带，结；关系(用绳、线)系，拴，扎 领巾，围巾 围裙 衣领(衣服的)口袋 袖子，袖套 纽扣；(电铃等的)按钮 扣(纽扣)拉链 拉上拉链 宝石(总称)珠宝

1671、戒指 项链 松散的；宽松的 紧的 适合的，合身的(使)适合，合身 穿着时髦 在流行中 落伍的 赶时髦 面部的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 290 页（共 331 页）frightened/scared adj.害怕的 embarrassed adj.尴尬的 nervous adj.紧张的 shocked adj.震惊的 amazed adj.吃惊的 blank adj.茫然无表情的 sympathetic adj.同情的 shallow adj.肤浅的；浅的 thoughtful/considerate adj.考虑周到的

1672、 warmhearted adj.热心的 confident adj.自信的 diligent adj.勤奋的 strongwilled adj.意志坚强的 gloomy adj.indifferent adj.be satisfied/content withbe curious about 子话题(二)内在品质 1性格 character n.personality n.gentle adj.outgoing adj.outspoken adj.straightforward adj.easygoing adj.sweettempered adj.independent adj.moody

1673、 adj.arbitrary adj.aggressive adj.stubborn adj.rigid adj.violent adj.a strong personalitybe independent ofbe active in 2.品质 quality n virtue n.courage n.dignity n.mean adj.generous adj.reliable adj.determined adj.hardworking adj.honest adj.modest adj.selfish adj.忧伤的 冷漠的 对满意 对好奇 品格 个性，性格 温柔的，温和的 爱交际的

1674、，外向的 直率的 简单的，坦率的 随和的 性情温和的 独立的 喜怒无常的，易怒的 随心所欲的，专断的 侵略的；咄咄逼人的 固执的，倔强的 死板的，僵硬的，固执的 暴力的 很强的个性 独立于 某方面很积极 品质 美德，品行 勇气；胆略 尊贵，高尚 小气的 慷慨大方的 可信赖的，可依靠的 坚定的 努力工作的 诚实的 谦虚的；谦逊的 自私的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 291 页（共 331 页）merciful adj.仁慈的 grateful adj.感激的 21 be devoted to致力于，专注于 22 be pun

1675、ctual for守时 23 be responsible for对负责 24 be enthusiastic about对热心 3.智力与能力 observe vt.观察，监视，观测 inspect vt.检查；检验；审视 witness vt.目击，目睹 n.目击者 weep vi.哭泣，流泪 stare at盯着看；凝视 talent n.intelligence n.wisdom n.disability n.intelligent adj.talented adj.gifted adj.outstanding adj.capable petent adj.creative adj.s

1676、tupid adj.learned adj.have a talent/gift forbe skilled inbe qualified for 子话题(三)人体与动作 1身体部位 organ n.cheek n.shoulder n.fist n.lung n.liver n.kidney n.heart n.wrist n.ankle n.fingernail n heel n.jaw n.beard n.moustache n.2动作(1)眼睛 sight vt.view vt.天才，天赋 智力，才智，智慧 智慧 残疾；无能 聪明的，明智的 有才能的 有天赋的；有才华的 杰出的 有能力

1677、的，有才能的 能胜任的 创造性的 愚蠢的，笨的 博学的；有学问的 有才能 在方面熟练 适合，胜任(人，动物的)器官 面颊，脸蛋 肩膀 拳(头)肺；肺脏 肝；肝脏 肾；肾脏 心；心脏 手腕，腕关节 踝，踝关节 指甲 脚后跟 下巴(下巴上的)胡须 小胡子 看见，发现 看，查看 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 292 页（共 331 页）glare at怒目而视 glance at瞥一眼；看一眼 catch sight of看见(2)耳、鼻、口 whisper vt.&n.低语，私下说 breathe vi.呼吸 cough vi.

1678、咳嗽 twist vt.使弯曲，转动 bow to向鞠躬 bend down/over弯身，弯腰 1So poor was his family that he had to drop out at the age of 12.他的家庭如此贫困以至于他十二岁时就不得不辍学。scream vi.bite vt.&vi.sigh vi.yell vi.sniff vi.yawn vi.in a whisperbreathe in/out yell at(3)上肢 squeeze vt.tap vt.&vi.reach vt.&vi.tear vt.hug vt.press vt.seize vt.

1679、dip vt.salute n&vi.wipe vt.wave vt.&vi.point atpoint totear atthrow atknock at(4)下肢 slip vi.rise vi.kick n&v.dash n&vi.dash intowander about/around(5)其他 swing vt.&vi.tremble vi.尖叫 咬；叮 叹息；叹气 叫喊，吼叫 闻，嗅 打哈欠 小声地 吸气/呼气 朝大喊 挤压，捏，塞 轻敲；轻叩 伸手够到，到达 扯破，撕开 拥抱 压，按 抓住(时机等)浸，蘸；把放入又取出 敬礼 擦；擦净；擦干 向挥手示意；挥手示意 指着 指向 撕扯

1680、 朝扔 敲 滑动，滑倒 上升，上涨，起立 踢 快跑，冲刺，短跑 冲进 漫游，徘徊 挥舞，摆动 颤抖 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 293 页（共 331 页）2Li Huas courage is breathtaking.Simply because of his ambition,he wins our admiration.李华的勇气是惊人的，仅仅因为他的志向，他赢得了我们的敬佩。3Owing to the fact that he can do whatever he has chosen to do with gr

1681、eat perseverance,he has madegreat achievements in many fields.由于他能够坚持不懈地做他所选择做的任何事情，所以他在很多领域都取得了巨大成就。4His charming personality lies in a simple fact that he never hesitates to help others.他的人格魅力在于一个简单的事实：对帮助别人他从不犹豫。5He seems never feel tired of doing whatever he can to help others,which may be what

1682、makes him sopopular among all of us.能为别人做点什么就做点什么，他似乎从不厌倦，这或许是他受我们所有人欢迎的原因。6Although he has won countless honors,he never shows any signs of pride.尽管他获得了无数的荣誉，他却从未有过任何骄傲的迹象。7.By being devoted to what he does no matter how boring it is,he sets a good example to us.不管事情有多枯燥，他都会全身心地去做所做之事，为我们树立一个好榜样。8S

1683、he was quite optimistic and energetic.She brought me a lot of happiness and courage.I learnedsomething precious from her belief in life.她非常乐观且有活力。她给我带来了许多快乐和勇气。我从她身上学到了一些宝贵的东西要对生 活有信心。(2016南昌高三一模)为了纪念特蕾莎修女，某英文报社组织了一次作文比赛，请你根据以下要点，以“Life of Mother Teresa”为题写一篇介绍特蕾莎修女的文章参赛。11910 年生于南斯拉夫，20 岁时去了印度当老师；1

1684、946 年离开学校当了一名护士；2她心地善良，在印度帮助穷人、病人、无家可归的人等；3建学校和医院，到各地演讲，呼吁人们关心穷人；41979 年获得诺贝尔和平奖。注意：词数 100 左右。参考词汇：南斯拉夫 Yugoslavia 范文必背 Life of Mother TeresaMother Teresa is one of the greatest women in the world.She was born in Yugoslavia in 1910.At the age of 20,she went to India,where she first worked as ateache

1685、r.However,in 1946 Mother Teresa left the school and was trained to become a nurse.She was sokind that she began helping the poor,the sick and the homeless in India.Besides,Mother Teresa openedmany schools and hospitals in poor countries.While she was traveling,she called on people to help thosein tr

1686、ouble.In 1979,she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize for the love and service she had given tounfortunate people.佳句演练(1)把句改为简单句 She_was_so_kind_as_to_help_the_poor,_the sick and the homeless in India.(2)用省略句改写句 While_traveling,_she called on people to help those in trouble.话题十一 自然与环保 子话题(一)水文和地貌 geog

1687、raphy n 地理 province n.省 state n.州 capital n.首府，省会 ocean n.海洋，大海 continent n.陆地；大陆，大洲 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 294 页（共 331 页）stream n.小河；溪流 range n.山脉 valley n.山谷，溪谷 desert n.沙漠 jungle n.丛林，密林 landmark n.地标性建筑 mineral n.矿物质 cloudy adj.多云的，阴天的 21 sunny adj.晴天的；晴朗的 22 freezing

1688、adj.冰冻的；极冷的 23 snowy adj.雪(白)的；下雪的；多(积)雪的 24 chilly adj.寒冷的 25 lowpressure adj.低压的 26 zero degrees Centigrade零摄氏度 urban adj.local adj.native adj.remote adj.mountainous adj.steep adj.be rich in21 be separate from22 be located in/lie in 23 be surrounded by24 cover an area of.25 take on a new look26 of

1689、f the coast of27 at the top/foot of 28 to/on/in the south of子话题(二)大气与气候 weather n.climate n.haze n.mist n.fog n.frost n.drizzle n.breeze n.rainbow n.rainfall n.shower n.storm n.thunder n&vi.blow vi.n.freeze vi.pour vi.mild adj.damp adj.&n.foggy adj.城市的；郊区的 当地的 本地的，本国的 偏远的；偏僻的 多山的 险峻的；陡峭的 富含；盛产 与分离 坐

1690、落于/位于 被包围/环绕着 占地面积为 呈现新面貌 在海岸附近 在的顶部/底部(脚下)在的南面(相望/接壤/在内)天气 气候 雾霾 薄雾 雾 霜 小雨；毛毛雨 微风 虹，彩虹 一场雨；降雨量 阵雨；淋浴 风暴，暴(风)雨 雷声，打雷 吹 击；打击；吹 结冰；使冻住 倾泻，不断流出 温和的，暖和的 潮湿(的)有雾的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 295 页（共 331 页）27 50 degrees Fahrenheit50 华氏度 28 freezing point冰点 29 heat wave热浪 30 average t

1691、emperature平均气温 31 weather forecast天气预报 32 subtropical climate亚热带气候 33 extreme weather极端天气 33 be trapped in ruins被困在废墟中 34 rebuild ones home重建某人的家园 子话题(四)动植物及生态保护 1动物(1)动物名称 creature n.生物，动物 wildlife n.野生动物 34 rain or sunshine子话题(三)自然灾害与救援 natural disastersearthquake n.flood n.vt.drought n.hurricane

1692、n.sandstorm n typhoon n.volcano n.tsunamin.landslide n.mudslide n.acid rain n.wildfire n.shortage n.damage n&vt.destroy vt.ruin vt.n.disappear vi.threaten vt.predict vt.21 erupt vi.22 terrify vt.23 frighten vt.24 distribute vt.25 drinking water shortage26 warning level27 volcanic eruption28 dig out2

1693、9 donate.to.30 stricken area31 economic losses32 come to ones rescue风雨无阻 自然灾害；天灾 地震 洪水 淹没，使泛滥 干旱 飓风，十二级风 沙尘暴 台风 火山 海啸 山体滑坡 泥石流 酸雨 野火 缺乏 毁坏，破坏 摧毁，破坏(使)毁坏；(使)毁灭(复)废墟；遗迹 消失 威胁 预报，预言，预告(火山)爆发，喷发 使感到恐怖 使惊恐 发放；分发 饮用水缺乏 警戒水位 火山爆发 挖掘，发现 向捐赠 受灾地区 经济损失 前来救某人 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 2

1694、96 页（共 331 页）beast n.野兽，牲畜 zebra n.斑马 giraffe n.长颈鹿 squirrel n.松鼠 kangaroo n.袋鼠 koala n.考拉 dinosaur n.恐龙 ring n.(树的)年轮 branch n.树枝 trunk n.树干(3)相关动作 plant vt.种植 harvest n&vt.收割，收获(物)shark n.whale n.seagull n.seal n.seashell n.tortoise n.dolphin n.cattle n.donkey n.eagle n.sparrow n.21 parrot n.22 in

1695、sect n.23 pest n.24 butterfly n.25 dragonfly n.26 mosquito n.(2)动物肢体部位 claw n.tail n.wing n.feather n.fur n.(3)相关动作 bark vi.n.hatch vi.&vt.howl vi.2植物(1)植物名称 bamboo n.maple n.pine n.bush n.seaweed n.(2)植物部位 root n.鲨鱼 鲸 海鸥 海豹 海贝 龟，乌龟 海豚 牛(总称)；家畜 驴 鹰 麻雀 鹦鹉 昆虫 害虫 蝴蝶 蜻蜓 蚊子 爪(动物的)尾巴 翅膀，机翼 羽毛 毛皮；裘皮 狗叫 狗叫声

1696、(鸟、鸡)孵蛋 嚎叫，嚎哭，嗥叫 竹子 枫树 松树 灌木丛，矮树丛 海草 根，根茎 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 297 页（共 331 页）grow vi.生长；发育；变成 vt.种植 sow vi.&vt.播种 irrigate vt.灌溉 3生态保护 ecology n.生态，生态学 evolution n.进化，演变 protect vt.保护 recycle vt.回收；再循环 advocate vt.拥护，支持，提倡 preserve vt.保护，保留，保存 limited natural resources有限

1697、的自然资源 alternative energy替代能源 survival n.primitive adj.bare adj.extinct adj.preserve vt.victim n.damage natural habitat存活，幸存 原始的，远古的 裸露的 灭绝的 保护 牺牲品，受害者 破坏自然栖息地 disturb the wildlifes natural habitat扰乱野生动物的自然栖息地 rare breedendangered speciesdie outnatural reserveprotect wildlifecut downhave disastrous e

1698、ffect onkeep the balance of natureraise the awareness oflive in harmony with 子话题(五)环境污染与环境保护 1环境污染 pollute vt.radiation n.waste n.rubbish n.litter n.garbage n.smog n.haze n.white pollutioncarbon dioxideacid raingreenhouse effectglobal warming2环境保护 environmentallyfriendly adj.replace/substitute vt.稀有

1699、物种 濒危物种 灭绝 自然保护区 保护野生动物 砍倒 对有灾难性的影响 保持生态平衡 唤醒的意识 与和谐相处 污染 放射，放射物 废料 垃圾；废物 垃圾 垃圾 烟雾 雾霾 白色污染 二氧化碳 酸雨 温室效应 全球变暖 环保的 取代，代替 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 298 页（共 331 页）solar energy/power太阳能 nuclear energy/power核能 environmental protection环境保护 in harmony with nature与自然和谐共处 live a lowcar

1700、bon life过低碳生活 prevent.from.阻止做 raise ones environmental awareness提高某人的环保意识 make proper use of water resources合理利用水资源 save and treasure our resources节约并珍惜我们的资源 take action/steps/measures to do sth.采取措施做某事 take responsibility for/be responsible for.对负责任 call on/appeal to sb.to do sth.号召/呼吁某人做某事 1Somet

1701、imes a smile is so powerful that it gives people suffering from disasters great courage.有时候，微笑会如此有力量以至于它给遭受灾难的人以巨大的勇气。2The country has provided food and clothes for the homeless people in the disasterstricken areas.这个国家已经为灾区无家可归的人们提供了食品和衣物。3Plenty of rubbish and waste water are being poured into the

1702、 river;as a consequence,water sourceshave become badly polluted.大量的垃圾和废水正涌入河流，结果，水源被严重污染。4.The more wild animals we kill,the more debts we will pay in the future.我们杀的野生动物越多，我们将来要还的债就越多。5 Having realized the great harm caused by the haze and the importance of protecting theenvironment,people all over

1703、 the country are taking measures to reduce the hazy weather.意识到雾霾造成的严重危害和保护环境的重要性，全国人民正采取措施减少雾霾天气。6Accordingly/Consequently,it is not difficult to draw the conclusion that people are more and moreaware of the importance of the protection of the environment.因此，不难得出结论：人们越来越意识到环境保护的重要性了。7 the global wa

1704、ter shortage is becoming increasingly severe due to globalwarming.众所周知，由于全球变暖，全球水资源短缺(问题)正变得日益严重。8All animals and plants are important,because each species contributes to the variety of life forms on the earth and plays an important role in maintaining life.所有动植物都是重要的，因为每一物种都有助于地球上生命种类的多样性的形成，而且对维持生

1705、命起 到了重要的作用。9With the number of cars increasing fast in our city,our environment is getting increasingly worse.在我们的城市，随着汽车数量的快速增长，我们的环境正急剧恶化。10There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer and that it is human activities that havecaused this global warming.毫无疑问，地球正变得更加暖和，全球变暖正是人类活动所致。(2016济宁高三二

1706、模)上周日，你班开展以“美化城市环境，倡导低碳生活”为宗旨的志愿者活动。活 动内容包括：上午去郊区植树；下午去广场宣传，分发传单。请你就这个活动为校报写一篇题为“A Voluntary Activity”的短文。内容包括：1活动内容、宗旨；中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 299 页（共 331 页）2对同学的影响以及你的评价。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；3开头和结尾已为你写好，不计入总词数。参考词汇：传单 leafletA Voluntary ActivityLast Sunday,our c

1707、lass launched a voluntary activity，Low carbon living is surely a way of great significance.范文必背 A Voluntary ActivityLast Sunday,our class launched a voluntary activity,the theme of which is to make the city morebeautiful and advocate a lowcarbon lifestyle.In the morning,we went to plant trees in the

1708、 suburbs.Weworked in cooperation.Some dug holes,some carried and planted trees,and the others watered them.Inthe afternoon,we went to the Peoples Square to hand out leaflets,raising peoples awareness ofenvironmental protection.Most of the students think highly of the activity,which will surely have

1709、a positiveeffect on our daily life.As far as Im concerned,its everyones duty to protect the environment.As long as there is thepossibility of saving our planet,do take action now before it is too late.Low carbon living is surely a way ofgreat significance.佳句演练(1)用 whose 引导的定语从句改写句 Last Sunday,our cl

1710、ass launched a voluntary activity,whose_theme is to make the city more beautiful(2)根据句仿写句子 As_long_as_you_dont_betray_me,_Ill do whatever you ask me to(do)只要你不出卖我，要我做什么我都愿意。话题十二 文学与艺术 子话题(一)文学 1文学用词 literature n 文学 works n.著作，作品 masterpiece n.杰作 adaptation n.改编本；适应 adapt vt.&vi.改编；(使)适应，适合 novel n.小

1711、说 fiction n.小说，虚构的事 poem n.诗 poetry n.(总称)诗 lyric n.抒情诗 essay n.散文；文章；随笔 myth n.神话 legend n.传说，传奇故事 biography n.传记 chapter n.章 volume n.卷 periodical/journal n.期刊 describe vt.描写，叙述 description n.描述，描写 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 300 页（共 331 页）draft n.草稿，草案 vt.起草，草拟 21 original a

1712、dj.原创的 n.原作 22 publish vt.出版，发行 23 recommend vt.推荐 24 translate vt.翻译 exhibition n.展览；展览会 display n&vt.展示；陈列 reflect v.反映 admire v.欣赏 classic adj.经典的 unique adj.独特的 abstract adj.抽象的；深奥的 25 subscribe v.26 fairy tale27 classical literature/work 28 detective novel29 mystery novel30 science fiction31 wo

1713、rks appreciation32 a book review33 be set in34 adapt.from.35 translate.into.2外国著作名称 The Adventures of Tom SawyerPride and PrejudiceUncle Toms CabinThe Old Man and the SeaAndersons Fairy TalesGrimms Fairy TalesWuthering HeightsSister CarrieJane EyreRobinson CrusoeGone with the WindA Tale of Two Citie

1714、s订阅，订购(报刊等)童话故事 古典文学/作品 侦探小说 悬疑小说 科幻小说 作品欣赏 书评 以为背景 根据改编 把翻译成 汤姆索亚历险记 傲慢与偏见 汤姆叔叔的小屋 老人与海 安徒生童话集 格林童话集 呼啸山庄 嘉莉妹妹 简爱 鲁滨逊漂流记 飘(乱世佳人)双城记 Tales from a Thousand and One Nights天方夜谭(一千零一夜)Oliver TwistAesops FablesThe Million Pound Bank Note子话题(二)艺术概览 inspiration n technique n.production n.reflection n.backg

1715、round n.appeal n&v.雾都孤儿 伊索寓言 百万英镑 灵感，启发 技巧 作品 反映 背景 吸引力；吸引 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 300 页（共 331 页）artistic adj.艺术的 extraordinary adj.非凡的 vivid adj.生动的 visual adj.视觉的 valuable adj.有价值的 live adj.现场直播的 outline n.要点；大纲 dialogue n.对白 cast n.全体演员 part/role n.角色 character n.人物 line

1716、 n.台词 playwright n.编剧，剧作家 21 series n.22 appreciate vt.23 precious adj.24 works of art25 appeal to26 true to life27 on exhibition/display28 be open to29 range from.to.30 apply.to.31 sense of beauty32 on show33 abstract art34 show up35 be faced with36 have an influence on 子话题(三)视觉与视听艺术 1绘画 studio n.s

1717、elfportrait n.sketch n.shade n.painting n.gallery n.art gallery2摄影 photo/photograph n.photographer/cameraman n.snapshot/snap n.focus n.exposure n.flash/flashlight n.film n.foreground n.系列 欣赏 宝贵的，珍贵的 艺术品 吸引 逼真 在展览 向开放 范围从到 把应用于 美感 在展出中 抽象艺术 出现 面对，面临 对有影响 画室 自画像 草图；素描 暗影 油画，水彩画 画廊 画廊，美术馆 照片，相片 摄影师 快照

1718、焦点 曝光 闪光灯 胶片，胶卷 近景 take pictures(photos)/take a picture(photo)拍照 3视听艺术 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 301 页（共 331 页）costume n.服装 applause n.喝彩 applaud v.喝彩；鼓掌 makeup n.化妆 cinema n.电影院 theatre n.剧院 auditorium n.礼堂 splendid adj.辉煌的；壮丽的 skyscraper n.摩天大楼 cement n.水泥 architect n.建筑师 a

1719、rchitecture n.建筑学 arch door拱门 entrance n.exit n.back stageoneact playbe based onBeijing operabox office/ticket office21 book tickets22 satellite TV23 remote control24 TV network25 evening news26 on air27 switch channel28 queue up/stand in line29 put on30 play the role of.子话题(四)舞蹈、雕塑和建筑艺术 1舞蹈 stage n

1720、.perform vt.performance n.disco n.ballet n.tango n.steps n.dancing partnerstreet dancedance to music2雕塑和建筑艺术 sculpture n statue n.workshop n.design n&vt.construct vt.construction n.magnificent adj.入口 出口 后台 独幕剧 以为根据 京剧 售票处 订票 卫星电视 遥控器 电视网 晚间新闻 正在播出 换台 排队 演出，上演 扮演(某一角色)舞台 表演 表演 迪斯科 芭蕾 探戈 舞步 舞伴 街舞 伴着音乐

1721、跳舞 雕塑，雕刻，雕刻作品，雕像 塑像；雕像 工作间 设计，图案，图样，样式 建设，建筑 建造 壮观的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 302 页（共 331 页）artificial stone人造石 raw material原材料 steel plate钢板 under construction在建设中 be designed for.为而设计 be shaped like.形状像 in the shape of.呈形状 1Some classic works not only offer us joy and excit

1722、ement,but also encourage us to think critically.一些经典作品不但让我们喜悦和兴奋，而且鼓励我们批判性地思考。2The film is usually more interesting and it is easier to follow.电影通常更有趣而且更容易理解。3My elder brother thinks staying at home and reading some classic works quietly in a situation of hisown can help him better understand the au

1723、thors ideas.我哥哥认为待在家里静心地读一些经典的作品能帮助他更好地理解作者的思想。4He thinks to read the original work is better than to see the film based on it.他认为读原著比看由原著改编的电影更好。5The school library provides a variety of original works,hoping they will meet the needs of differentstudents.学校图书馆提供各类原著作品，希望它们能够满足不同学生的需求。6I hold the vi

1724、ew that if we students want to know as many great works of literature as we can,we had better read the original work.我认为我们学生如果想尽可能多地了解伟大的文学作品，最好还是读原著。7Some of us think that it is better to see the film than to read the book in the original.我们中的一些人认为，看电影要比读原著更好。8On the one hand,they believe that they

1725、 can understand literature in a short time by seeing the filmand it is usually more interesting to see the performers act the film than just to read the original work.一方面，他们认为通过看电影能够在短时间内理解文学作品，而且通常看演员表演要比仅仅阅读原著 更有趣。9We are always finding new beauties in Shakespeares poetry.我们不断地在莎士比亚的诗歌中发现新的美妙之处。10

1726、The exhibition gives local artists an opportunity to display their works.这次展览为当地艺术家提供了展示自己作品的机会。(2012天津高考)假设你是李津，你的美国朋友 Chris 就读于天津某国际学校。他热爱中国文化，特别 是戏曲文化。8 月 5 日下午 2：00 在新落成的天津大剧院将上演越剧梁山伯与祝英台。请你根据以下 提示，用英语给 Chris 写一封电子邮件，邀请他一起观看演出。1提出邀请并简述原因；2提出观剧后的活动建议(如参观附近的博物馆或美术馆等)；3请求对方回复。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可适当增加细

1727、节，以使内容充实、行文连贯。参考词汇：梁山伯与祝英台 Butterfly Lovers范文必背 Dear Chris，I have good news to tell you.Id like to invite you to see Butterfly Lovers,a famous Chinese YueOpera,which is to be put on at the newly built Tianjin Grand Theater at 2：00 pm.on August 5th.Asyou know,as your close friend,I know you are fond

1728、of Chinese culture,especially opera culture.Of course,besides going to the theater,we can do some other meaningful things,such as visiting the中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 303 页（共 331 页）museum or the art gallery nearby,which both contain a lot of items of great value.Im sure that

1729、 we willhave a good time.Im looking forward to receiving your reply.Best wishes.佳句演练 Yours，Li Jinbarber n.(为男人理发)理发师 waiter n.(餐厅)男服务员 waitress n.女服务员 chef n.厨师长，主厨 butcher n.肉店；屠夫 vt.屠宰(动物)；残杀(人)grocer n.食品商；杂货店(1)根据句中“beto do”结构仿写句子 Do you know what_is_to_be_done_next?你知道下一步该做什么吗？(2)根据句仿写句子 The ai

1730、r quality in the city,as_is_shown_in_the_report,_has improved over the past two months.正如报告所显示的那样，在过去的两个月里，这个城市的空气质量已有所改善。话题十三 工作与职业 子话题(一)1职业(1)文艺 artist n author n.model n.painter n.职业与职位 艺术家 作者，作家 模特 绘画者，(油)画家(2)医疗与科研 physician n.surgeon n.doctor n.specialist n.chemist n.dentist n.expert n.invent

1731、or n.physicist n.(3)工商 architect n.carpenter n.labourer n.businessman n.merchant n.adj.salesman n.saleswoman n.shopkeeper n.tailor n.内科医生 外科医生 医生，大夫；博士(医学)专家，专科医生；专家；专业人员 药剂师；化学家 牙科医生 专家，能手 发明者，创造者 物理学家 建筑师，设计师 木工，木匠 体力劳动者 商人(男)；男企业家 商人；生意人 商业的；商人的 男售货员 女售货员 店主，零售商 裁缝 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 20

1732、17 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 304 页（共 331 页）porter n.(火车站或旅馆处的)搬运工 typist n.打字员(4)军警法 soldier n.士兵，战士 general n.将军 guard n.警卫，门卫 officer n.军官；公务员，官员；警察，警官 profession/occupation n.职业 employee n.雇员 employer n.雇主 train vt.培训，训练 appoint vt.任命，委任，安排，确定(时间、地点)get/be promoted获得晋升 firefighter n.lawyer n.policeman n.(5

1733、)政府 official n adj.minister n.president n.premier n.chairman n.politician/statesman n.spokesman n.representative n.2职位与职称 position n.assistant n.engineer n.manager n.secretary n.accountant n.consultant n.子话题(二)工作与待遇 1找工作与录用 interviewee n.interviewer n.candidate n.applicant n.experience n.interview n

1734、&vt.appointment n.employ vt.hire vt.recommend vt.vacant adj.hunt for a jobtake on2工作中 消防人员 律师 警察(公司、团体或政府)官员，高级职员 官方的，政府的 部长；牧师 总统；主席 首相，总理 主席，会长；议长 政治家 发言人 代表，典型人物 位置 助手，助理 工程师；技师 经理 秘书；书记 会计，会计师 顾问 被面试者；被采访者 面试官；采访人 候选人，申请人 申请人 经验；经历 采访，会见，面试 预约 雇用 雇用 推荐 空缺的，未被占用的 找工作 雇用；接纳；承担 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7

1735、月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 305 页（共 331 页）3不工作 unemployment n.失业，失业状态 quit vt.离任，离校，戒掉 dismiss vt.让离开；遣散；解散；解雇 retire vt.&vi.退休 resign vt.&vi.辞职 be out of employmentbe out of worklose ones job失业 4待遇 income n 收入，所得 salary n.薪金，薪水 wage n.工资，工钱，报酬 bonus n.津贴，奖金，红利 allowance n.津贴，补助 pension n.养老金 welf

1736、are n.幸福，福利 子话题(三)任职资格与工作职责 1任职资格 certificate n.证明，证(明)书 qualification n.资格，学历 qualify vt.&vi.(使)具有资格；(使)具备合格条件 potential adj.潜在的，可能的 n.潜力 qualified adj.有资格的 skilled adj.熟练的；有技能的 2工作职责 responsibility n.责任，负责 duty n.责任，义务 task n.任务，工作 undertake vt.承担，从事，负责 be in charge of sth.主管 be in the charge of s

1737、b.be in ones charge在某人的掌管之下 1Personally,I prefer to work in a team,which offers me a chance to learn how to get along withothers and how to share my experience with them.就我个人而言，我宁愿在团队中工作，这给我提供了一个机会来学习如何与人相处，如何与他们分享 我的经验。2So Im writing to apply for the position which I saw in China Daily.因此我写信申请我在中国日

1738、报上看到的那个职位。3Your advertisement for a network maintenance engineer in the April 10th Student Daily interests me because the position that you describe sounds exactly like the kind of job I am seeking.你们在 4 月 10 日学生日报上刊登的招聘网络维护工程师的广告令我感兴趣，因为你们描述的职 位听起来正是我要寻找的。4I will graduate from college in July this

1739、year and I have heard that perhaps you might need anaccountant with considerable experience.I would like to apply for the position.我将于今年七月份从大学毕业，据悉贵公司有意招聘一名具有相当多经验的会计，我想申请该职位。5If you feel that I am suited for the job,please inform me of the time of an interview at yourconvenience.I hope to hear from

1740、 you in the near future.如果您认为我适合该项工作，请您在方便的时候通知我面试的时间。我希望在不久的将来能收到您的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 306 页（共 331 页）来信。6Seeing your advertisement in the local newspaper,I immediately show great interest in it,eagerlyhoping to get the position of working as a tutor for your child.看到您

1741、登在当地报纸上的广告，我立刻对此非常感兴趣，热切地希望能当您孩子的家庭辅导教师。7After reading the advertisement for a secretary in todays China Daily,I want to apply for theposition.在今天的中国日报上读过你们招聘秘书的广告后，我想应聘这个职位。8English is my favourite subject and Ive won several prizes in English contests.So I think that I m qualified for the position

1742、.英语是我最喜爱的学科，我曾在数次英语竞赛中获奖，因此我认为我能胜任这个职位。9I enclose a copy of my CV,a certificate of graduation and a letter of recommendation from thepresident of my university.我附上一份我的简历、毕业证和校长的推荐信。10I really want to obtain this precious opportunity because,by offering my service,I will be able toimprove my organiza

1743、tional ability,communication skills as well as my confidence in speaking English inpublic.我真的希望获得这次宝贵的机会，因为通过提供我的服务，我将能够提高我的组织能力、交流技巧，以及我在公众场所说英语的信心。(2016东北三校一模)假如你是李华，是一名马上就要毕业的高三学生，打算在高考后利用暑假时间去 做自愿者，做些有意义的事。请根据以下要点用英语写一封 100 词左右的申请信介绍自己，以便向相关部 门申请自愿者工作。内容提要：1自己的情况简介；2自己的能力；3愿意承担的工作；4对自愿者工作的认识及愿望。

1744、范文必背 Dear Sir，I,a senior 3 student,will graduate from high school soon.After the College Entrance Examination,Iintend to work as a volunteer during the summer vacation,and do some meaningful work.Im good atspeaking English,so I can teach others to study English or help people communicate with foreig

1745、ners inEnglish.Whats more,because I can play basketball and football well,Im ready to help others with thesports.I love volunteer work because I always think working as a volunteer is meaningful,necessary andimportant to make our world a better place to live in.Besides,I can gain much social experie

1746、nce from it,which is very useful for my future life.Im looking forward to working as a volunteer.I do hope the chance is coming quite soon.Yours truly，Li Hua佳句演练(1)用现在分词短语作状语改写句 After the College Entrance Examination,I intend to work as a volunteer during the summer vacation,doing_some_meaningful_wo

1747、rk.(2)根据句仿写句子 Five months later Tom came back,which_made_us_very_happy.五个月之后汤姆回来了，这使我们很高兴。话题十四 文化交流与社交礼仪 子话题(一)文化交流 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 307 页（共 331 页）heritage n 遗产 symbol n.象征 cultural exchange文化交流 cultural background文化背景 cultural shock文化冲击 crosscultural communication跨文

1748、化交流 multicultural society多元文化社会 23 facial expression面部表情 24 face to face面对面 25 put up with忍受 26 turn down拒绝 27 turn up出现，到达，来到 28 make an appointment with sb.与某人约会 cultural diversitycultural conflictcultural relicslocal culturemass culturetraditional culturemainstream culturetraditional valuesspirit

1749、ual civilizationhumane historical siteslocal customs and practicesnational identity and value文化差异 文化冲突 文物 本土文化 大众文化 传统文化 主流文化 传统价值观 精神文明 人文历史遗址 风土人情 民族认同和价值观 remove prejudice and misunderstanding消除偏见和误解 子话题(二)社交礼仪 appearance n.gesture n.occasion n.formal adj.informal adj.casual adj.manner n.rank n.s

1750、tatus n.title n.custom n.conversation n.behave vt.behavior n.respond vi.embarrass vt.awkward adj.impolite adj.social adj.punctual adj.21 body language22 eye contact仪表 仪态 场合 正式的 非正式的 随意的 方式，态度，举止 职衔，军衔 地位，身份 头衔 风俗 谈话，交谈 守规矩，行为 行为，举止 回答，回应，作出反应 使窘迫，尴尬 令人尴尬的，使人难堪的 不礼貌的 社会的，社交的 准时的 身势语 眼神交流 中山纪念中学内部资料 2

1751、016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 308 页（共 331 页）29 have an appointment with sb.与某人有个约会 30 make an impression on.给深刻印象 1I dont have a good command of English,especially spoken English,so Im afraid Ill havedifficulty fitting in very soon.我不精通英语，尤其是口语，恐怕我很难在短期内适应。2Im delighted to hear that you will

1752、 come to our school as an exchange student next term.得知你下学期作为交换生到我校学习我非常高兴。3Ive been longing to go to America,mainly for two reasons.One is that I can experience Americanculture,which is believed to be the most diverse in the world.The other is that I can broaden my horizonsin this developed country

1753、.我一直盼望去美国，主要有两个原因。其一是我能够体验美国文化，它被认为是世界上最多样化的。其二是我能够在这个发达国家开拓视野。4It is different kinds of foods and snacks that give you the chance to experience abundant Chinesefood culture.各种各样的食物和小吃让你有机会体验中国丰富多样的饮食文化。5I attach great importance to English study outside the classroom and I often turn to the website

1754、EnjoyReading for help，where I read a great number of articles about English and Western culture.我非常重视课堂以外的英语学习，经常求助 EnjoyReading 网站，在这个网站上阅读大量的关于英语 和西方文化的文章。6What strikes me most is that British middle schools attach great importance to students ability ofpractice.给我印象最深的是英国中学对学生的实践能力非常重视。(2016郑州高三一

1755、模)假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 Andrew 不久前去美国留学，他给你写信说很不适 应那里的生活。请你根据以下提示用英语给他写一封回信，鼓励他勇敢面对。1尊重当地的风俗习惯；2与美国学生多交流；3积极参加户外活动；4注意与人交往时的礼仪。注意：1.词数 100 左右，开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数；2可根据内容要点适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。DearAndrew，How nice to hear from you again！范文必背 DearAndrew，Yours sincerely，Li HuaHow nice to hear from you again！I think it is

1756、natural for you not to get used to the life there.Here Ihave some suggestions for you.First of all,you should respect the local customs there and try to involve yourself in the natives lives.Just as the saying goes,“When in Rome,do as the Romans do.”Secondly,dont be afraid to communicatewith America

1757、n students and make friends with them.Friendship will bring you happiness.Whats more,itis better for you to join in more outdoor activities with your friends,which may help you relax and have fun.Finally,mind your own manners and remain modest and honest when getting along with your friends.I do hop

1758、e my suggestions will help.May you adapt to your new life and enjoy your stay there.Yours sincerely，Li Hua中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 309 页（共 331 页）佳句演练(1)用倒装句改写句 Here_are_some_suggestions for you.(2)用时间状语从句改写句 Finally,mindyourownmannersandremainmodestandhonestwhen_you_get_alon

1759、g_with_your_friends.话题十五 情感与态度 unhappy adj.不高兴的，伤心的 down adj.心情低落的 depressed adj.压抑的，情绪低落的 burst into tears突然哭起来 be in low spirits情绪低落 2忧虑与烦恼 子话题(一)积极情感 1高兴 cheer n&vi.delight n.pleasure n.happiness n.please vt.excited adj.thrilled adj.pleased adj.merry adj.be in high spiritsburst into laughter2感动 a

1760、ffect vt.move vt.moved adj.moving adj.touched adj.3惊奇 shock vt.amaze vt.astonish vt.surprise vt.n.4满意 satisfaction n.satisfy vt.content adj.proud adj.子话题(二)消极情感 1悲伤与低落 sadness n.sorrow n.blue adj.欢呼；喝彩 快乐；乐事 高兴，愉快 幸福，愉快 使人高兴，使人满意 激动的 兴奋的 高兴的 高兴的，愉快的 心情好 突然大笑起来 感动；感染 感动 感人的 令人感动的 感动的 使震惊 惊奇，惊叹；震惊 使惊讶

1761、 使惊奇，使诧异 惊奇，诧异 满意 满足，使满意 满意的，甘愿的 自豪的；骄傲的 悲哀，忧伤 悲伤，悲痛 悲伤的；沮丧的 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 310 页（共 331 页）worry n&vi.烦恼，担忧 worried adj.担心的，烦恼的 anxiety n.担忧，焦虑 anxious adj.忧虑的，焦急的 bored adj.厌倦的，烦闷的 annoyed adj.烦恼的 upset adj.不安的 prefer vt.宁愿(选择)，更喜欢 devotion n.深爱，挚爱；奉献，奉献精神 care vi.

1762、在乎；关心 affection n.喜爱，钟爱 appeal vi.吸引 admire vt.钦佩；羡慕 adore vt.热爱，爱慕 3害怕与恐惧 fear n.scare vt.alarmed adj.terrified adj.be afraid to do sth.be afraid of doing sth.for fear offrighten sb.into doing sth.4遗憾与惭愧 shame n.disappointment n.disappoint vt.ashamed adj.be ashamed of oneself子话题(三)态度 1同意与不同意 agree

1763、vt.&vi.accept vt.approve vt.&vi.support n&vt.tolerate vt.argument n.disagreement n.arguevi.disagree vi.objectvt.oppose vt.&vi.resist vt.agree with sb.agree on害怕；恐惧；担忧 使害怕，使恐惧 担心的，害怕的 感到害怕的 不敢做某事 害怕去做某事 因害怕 恐吓某人做某事 遗憾的事；羞愧 失望；沮丧 使失望 惭愧的；害臊的 为自己感到惭愧 同意；应允 接受 赞成，同意，批准，通过 支持，赞助 容许，允许，忍受 争论，辩论 意见不一致；相违；争

1764、论 争辩，争论 意见不一致，持不同意见 反对 反对；反抗 抵抗；挡开 同意某人的看法，与某人看法一致 对取得一致意见 agree to(suggestion,proposal,plan)同意(建议、提议、计划)agree with2喜欢与不喜欢 preference n.同意(看法等)，符合 偏爱，喜欢 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 311 页（共 331 页）fancy vt.想象；喜爱 devoted adj.忠诚的，热爱的 dislike vt.不喜欢，厌恶 hate n&vt.讨厌，憎恨 be fed up with

1765、对受够了 look up to尊敬 have a preference for偏爱 assessment n.看法，评价 evaluate vt.估值，评价，评估 evaluation n.估值 judgement n.审判，评价 objective adj.客观的 subjective adj.主观的 look down upon3相信与不相信 belief n.faith n.convince vt.doubt n&vt.suspect vt.n.犯罪嫌疑人 trust sb./believe in sb.4可能与不可能 tendency n.likely adj.possible adj

1766、.probably adv.impossible adj.子话题(四)意愿与评判 1意愿与打算 expectation n.intend vt.expect vt.desire n&vt.eageradj.2表扬与鼓励 encouragement n.praise n&vt.inspire vt.motivate vt.encourage vt.3责备与抱怨 blame vt.accuse vt.scold plain vi.4判断与评判 remark n.assess vt.看不起，轻视 信条，信念 信仰；信念 使确信，使信服 怀疑，疑惑 怀疑 信任某人 倾向 可能的 可能的 很可能，大概

1767、不可能的 预料；期望 意愿，打算 预料；盼望；认为 要求；期望 渴望的，热切的 鼓励 赞扬，表扬 鼓舞；激励 激励 鼓励 责备 指责，控告 责骂 抱怨 评论；陈述；议论 评价，评定(性质、质量)中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 312 页（共 331 页）1It goes without saying that a smile can help us get through difficult situations and find friends in aworld full of strangers.毫无疑问，微笑能够帮助我

1768、们渡过难关，帮助我们在一个充满陌生人的世界里找到朋友。2Im convinced that 10%of my life is what happens to me and 90%is how I react to it.我深信，我生活的 10%是事情本身，90%是我对事情所采取的态度。3This experience has also taught me that as long as I never give up and keep trying,I can succeed.这次经历也让我学到：只要我永不放弃并努力尝试，我就会成功。4Nothing is so big that it is

1769、impossible to get over,and hurt serves only to make us stronger.没有什么东西强大到难以克服，伤痛反而使我们更加强大。5Only by comparing ourselves with others can we know the aspects we are weak in,and well makeefforts to improve ourselves to a higher level.只有通过将自己与他人进行比较我们才能知道自己薄弱的地方，然后我们会努力将自己提升到一个更 高的水平。6What I should do no

1770、w is to keep on studying hard in order to be admitted into a famousuniversity.When I become independent economically in the future,I will help my parents live a better life.我现在该做的是为被名牌大学录取而继续努力学习。今后我经济独立时，我会让父母生活得更好。7As far as Im concerned,we should develop a positive attitude towards life.Life cons

1771、ists of not onlysunshine but also hard times.We should be brave when faced with difficulties.就我个人而言，我们应该对生活采取积极的态度。生活中不仅充满阳光而且困难重重。面对困难，我 们应该勇敢。8I am always grateful to my parents.They not only gave me life,but also brought me up with selflesslove and support,feeling so proud of my every tiny bit of

1772、 progress.我总是感激父母。他们不仅给予我生命，而且用无私的关爱和支持抚养我，因我微小的进步而感到非 常自豪。(2016江西九校联考)请以“One person Im grateful to”为题，用英语写一篇 100 词左右的短文，记述 一个你认为值得感谢的人。要求如下：1内容必须结合生活中的一个事例；2简要说明值得感谢的原因或从中得到的启示。注意：文章的标题已给出(不计入总词数)。范文必背 One person Im grateful toMr.Li,my English teacher,is the very person to whom I owe many thanks.He

1773、 helped me a lot in mystudies.During the previous study,my biggest flaw was carelessness.Worse still,I was too anxious to seek thefundamental reason for my failure.I just dedicated myself to huge amounts of practice,regardless ofrepeated mistakes.Fortunately,Mr.Li noticed it and offered to have a lo

1774、ng talk with me.Having beenpersuaded to change my attitude,I finally got the right way to rid myself of carelessness and gainedconfidence as well.I am grateful to my English teacher for all the support he has given me,which has made me strongerand a better person.佳句演练(1)根据句仿写句子 How much time should

1775、I dedicate_myself_to_preparing_for the exam?我要花多长时间准备考试？(2)根据句仿写句子 Having_been_told the bus had left,I had got to walk home.被告知客车已经出发了，我不得不步行回家。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 313 页（共 331 页）话题十六 社会交往 子话题(一)问候、介绍与打电话 1问候与介绍 regardsn.问候，致意 respects n.敬意 be grateful to sb.for/be thank

1776、ful to sb.for/thank sb.for因感激/感谢某人 子话题(三)邀请、告别、祝贺与祝愿 1邀请与告别 invite vt.邀请 welcome vt.欢迎，迎接 part vi.分离；分开 greetvt.greeting n.introduction问候；向致敬 问候，打招呼 介绍，引进 把介绍给 n.introduce.to.2打电话 dial vt.&vi.phonetelephonering upcall upanswer the phoneget throughhang onring backhang upring off拨(电话号码)打电话 打电话 打电话给，号召

1777、 接电话 打通(电话)，做完(打电话时)不挂断，等待片刻 回电话 挂断电话 挂断电话 vt.子话题(二)1帮助 帮助、拒绝与感谢 aidn&vt.assistvt.assistance n.helpfuladj.do sb.a favour/do a favour for sb.援助；救护；辅助器具 帮助，协助 帮助，援助，支持 有帮助的，有益的 帮某人一个忙 请求某人帮忙 帮助克服困境 ask a favour of sb.help out 2拒绝 refuse vt.&vi.reject vt.decline vt.turn down3感谢 appreciate vt.拒绝，不愿 拒绝 拒

1778、绝 拒绝 感谢，感激 答谢 感激的，感谢的 感谢的，感激的 把归功于 acknowledgegrateful adj.thankful adj.owe.to.vt.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 314 页（共 331 页）departure n.离开，出发 see sb.off为某人送行 wave sb.goodbye向某人挥手告别 2祝贺与祝愿 congratulationn.祝贺，庆贺 congratulatevt.祝贺 congratulate sb.on sth.因某事恭喜某人 wish sb.a pleasant

1779、journey祝某人旅途愉快 子话题(四)建议、命令、要求、警告与禁止 1建议、命令与要求 suggestvt.建议，提议 suggestion n.建议 order vt.命令 commandn&vt.命令 demand vt.要求 forcevt.强迫，迫使 2警告与禁止 warnvt.警告 caution n.警告，谨慎，小心 ban n.禁令 vt.禁止；取缔 prohibitvt.禁止 forbidvt.禁止，不许 ban sb.from doing sth.prohibit sb.from doing sth.禁止某人做某事 watch out当心 子话题(五)道歉与原谅 apol

1780、ogize vi.道歉 apology n.道歉；歉意 pardon n.原谅，宽恕，对不起 excuse vt.原谅；宽恕 n.借口；辩解 forget it没关系 apologize to sb.for(doing)sth.make an apology to sb.for(doing)sth.因某事向某人道歉 1We are expected to say“Thanks”when people help us,and make an apology with“Sorry”当人们帮助我们时我们应该说声“谢谢”，道歉时说声“对不起”。2He is generous with his time

1781、 in offering help to us,for which we feel grateful.他毫不吝啬自己的时间，主动为我们提供帮助，为此我们都对他感激不尽。3To avoid such conflicts,we should be kind to one another,which is essential to enjoying aharmonious life.为了避免这样的冲突，我们应该彼此友好，这是享有和谐生活的必要条件。4It is also a virtue to forgive and forget,especially in such a competitive a

1782、nd stressful society.原谅和宽恕也是一种美德，尤其是在这样充满竞争和压力的社会。5Instead of blaming each other,we should communicate more and put ourselves in others place,which can help us have a better understanding of others.不要彼此责备，我们应该多交流，从对方角度考虑，这将有助于我们更好地了解别人。6The majority of students believe that interest will provide the

1783、m with more opportunities to developtheir interpersonal skills,which may put them in a favorable position in the future job market.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 315 页（共 331 页）大部分学生相信，兴趣会使他们有更多机会发展人际交往能力，而这对他们未来找工作是非常有好处 的。7In my opinion,this relationship should be filled with lov

1784、e,care,understanding,and respect,so wecan exchange ideas freely and get along well with each other.我认为，这种关系应该充满爱、关心、理解和尊重，因此我们能够自由地交换观点，并且能够相处融 洽。8Im sorry to have quarrelled with you about knocking you down the day before yesterday.I feel thatits improper for me to do that,so I make a sincere apolo

1785、gy to you and hope that you will forgive me.非常抱歉前天因撞倒你与你吵架，我认为那样做不合适，因此我向你真诚地道歉并希望你原谅我。(2016银川二中高三一模)假如你是李华，你的英国笔友 John 来信说，他的同桌经常打断他，向他请 教问题，他担心这会影响自己的学习。请你用英语写一封回信。内容包括：1给别人讲题也会提升自己；2人人都有长处和不足，可以互相学习；3帮助别人学习可以使他们树立自信，从而增进友谊。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2包括所有要点，内容可适当发挥。范文必背 Dear John，How are things going?In your

1786、 last letter you talked about your recent worry about your studies，mentioning that your deskmate often interrupted you by asking questions.Now I would like to share myopinion with you.First of all,there is no need to worry about your studies.When you explain something to others,youcan get a better u

1787、nderstanding of it,which can improve yourself greatly.So it is good for you.Secondly,aswe all know,everyone has strengths and weaknesses.Though your deskmate is bad at lessons,he mightdo well in other fields like sports or art.Therefore,you can learn from each other.In addition,top studentscan help

1788、others gain confidence by helping them with their lessons,which may help develop a friendshipthat both of you will treasure all your life.I hope my advice can help.And best luck with your learning.佳句演练(1)用状语从句的省略改写句 Yours，Li HuaWhen_explaining something to others,you can get a better understanding o

1789、f it,which can improveyourself greatly.(2)用倒装句式改写句 Bad_though/as_your_deskmate_is_at_lessons,_he might do well in other fields like sports or art.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 316 页（共 331 页）备考手册十三 附录手册 一 高考英语常遇到的 100 个超纲词汇 1adhere dhI(r)vi.黏附；遵守，坚持 30earthworm wm n.蚯蚓 31ecosystem

1790、 iksIstm n.生态系统 32emotional Imnl adj.情绪的；易激动的 33encounter Inkauntn&vt.遭遇；遇到 34encyclopediaInsaIklpidi n.百科全书 35enhanceInhns vt.提高；加强；增加 36entitle IntaItl vt.给权利，给称号 2adjustable dstbl adj.3alert lt vt.adj.4appliance plaIns n.5attic tIk n.6auction kn vt.n.7beforehand bIfhnd adv.8breed brid vi.vt.9burg

1791、lary bglri n.10capture kpt vt.11chronic krnIk adj.12claim kleIm vt.n.13cliff klIf n.14clue klu n.15cognitive kgntIv adj.16coherent khIrnt adj.17community kmjunti n.18complicated kmplIkeItId adj.19compound kmpand vt.vi.20consumer knsjum n.21crawl krl vi.n.22criticize krItIsaIz v.23destructive dIstrkt

1792、Iv adj.24device dIvaIs n.25diplomacy dIplmsI n.26dissolve dIzlv vt.vi.27distress dIstres n.vt.28dominant dmInnt adj.29durability djrbIltI n.可调节的 警告；使警觉 警惕的，警觉的 器具，器械 阁楼 拍卖；竞卖 拍卖 预先，事先 交配繁殖 孕育；饲养 入室盗窃 俘虏；捕获 慢性的；长期的 要求；声称 要求；声称；索赔 悬崖；绝壁 线索 认知的，认识的 有条理的，合乎逻辑的 社区，社会 难懂的，复杂的 合成；混合 和解；妥协 消费者；用户，顾客 爬行；匍匐行进

1793、 爬行 批评；评论 破坏的；毁灭性的 装置，设备 外交 使溶解；使分解 溶解 危难，不幸 使悲痛；使贫困 占优势的；支配的 耐久性；坚固；耐用年限 一 三 五 高考英语常遇到的 100 个超纲词汇 写作常用的 4 组高级写作词汇 高考作文常用的 8 类谚语 二 高考常考的 80 个熟词新义 四 162 个动词的不规则变化表 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 317 页（共 331 页）37equator IkweIt n.赤道 38exclude Iksklud vt.把排除在外，不包括 39extinguish IkstIgw

1794、I vt.熄灭；压制；偿清 40facility fsIltI n.设施；设备 41fatigue ftig n.疲劳，劳累 42fermentation fmenteIn n.发酵 43financial faInnl adj.金融的；财政的 74perspective pspektIv n.观点；远景；透视法 75pesticide pestIsaId n.杀虫剂 76prior praI adj.先前的，较早的 77prosecute prsIkjut vt.检举；起诉；告发 78rehearsal rIhsl n.排演；预演 79reinforce riInfs vt.加强，加固 44

1795、fossil fsl n.45foundation fandeIn n.46fragment frgmnt n.47generate denreIt vt.48gorilla grIl n.49grave greIv adj.n.50ignorant Ignrnt adj.51illusion Ilun n.52immortality ImtltIn.53inevitable InevItbl adj.54inherently InhIrntli adv.55innovation InveIn n.56interaction Intrkn n.57irritable IrItbl adj.58

1796、isolate aIsleIt vt.59lean lin vi.vt.60likelihood laIklihd n.61lobby lbi n.62logic ldIk n.63magnetic mgnetIk adj.化石 基础；地基；基金会 碎片 使形成，产生 大猩猩 重大的；严肃的 墓穴，坟墓 无知的；愚昧的 幻觉，错觉 不朽；永生 必然的，不可避免的 内在地；固有地 创新，革新；新方法 相互作用 暴躁的；易怒的 使隔离；使孤立；使绝缘 倾斜；倚靠 使斜靠 可能；可能性 大厅；休息室；会客室 逻辑；逻辑学 有磁性的；有吸引力的 64manufacture mnjfkt n&vt.大量

1797、制造；批量生产 65mortgage mgId vt.n.66mutual mjutul adj.抵押 按揭贷款 共同的；相互的 67nanotechnology nnteknldI n.纳米技术 68navigation nvIgeIn n.69nickname nIkneIm n.vt.70organism gnIzm n.71parachute prut n.v.72parasite prsaIt n.73partnership ptnIp n.航行；航海 绰号；昵称 给起绰号 有机体；生物体；微生物 降落伞 跳伞；空投 寄生虫；依赖他人过活者 合伙人身份；合伙企业 中山纪念中学内部资料

1798、 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 318 页（共 331 页）80resolve rIzlv vt.解决(问题、困难)81retail riteIl v&n.零售 82reverse rIvs n.相反的情况(或事物)vt.颠倒；倒转 83salvage slvId n.打捞；海上救助 vt.抢救；打捞 84simulator sImjuleIt n.模拟装置 85source ss n.86spacecraft speIskrft n.87span spn n.88species spiiz n.89spectator spekteIt n.90

1799、stimulate stImjuleIt vt.91stretch stret vt.vi.92tame teIm adj.93temper temp n.94territory terItri n.95totem ttm n.96transfer trnsf n.v.97transplant trnsplant n&v.98tuition tjuIn n.99unarmed nmd adj.100wreck rek n.来源；水源；原始资料 航 宇宙飞船，航天器 跨度；范围 生物 物种；种类 观众；旁观者 刺激；鼓舞；激励 伸展；张开 伸展 驯服的；平淡的 脾气 领土，领域；范围 图腾；崇拜

1800、物 转让；转移 转让；转学；(使)调动 移植 学费；讲授 非武装的；无武器的 失事；残骸 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 319 页（共 331 页）prep.映衬 9.better 二 高考常考的 80 个熟词新义 单词 熟义 新义 例句 1.absentadj.缺席的 adj.茫然的，恍惚的 She looked at the picture in an absent(茫然的)way.2.achevi.&n疼痛 vi.渴望 Having left for ages,he was aching(渴 望)for home.3.

1801、addressn.地址 vt.写地址 vt.发表(演说)The president will address(发表)hisspeech at 3：00 pm.4.againstprep.逆着，反对；倚，靠；碰 The picture looks nice against(映衬)the white wall.5.allowvt.允许 vt.使可能 This diet allows(使可能)you one glassof wine a day.6.announcevt.宣布 vt.显示；预示；预告 The warm sunshine announces(预示)the coming of sprin

1802、g.7.attendvt.出席；参加 vi.&vt.看护；治疗；陪同 The nurse attended(看护)to him dayand night.8.bearvt.忍受；容忍 vt.显示；带有 He was badly wounded in the war andstill bears(带有)the scars.(2014 北 京 高 考)A key first step inadj.&adv.较好的，较 好地 vt.改善；优化 bettering(改善)your evaluation abilityis to look carefully at your sources ofheal

1803、th information.10.blankadj.空白的 n空白 adj.没表情的；空虚 的；没兴趣的 The stranger returned my greeting witha blank(没表情的)look.His songs always make me feel blue(忧 11.blueadj.&n蓝色(的)adj.忧伤的 伤的)12.bridgen.桥 vt.消除隔阂 vi.增强；使更强壮(2014江苏高考)Not white,certainly,but not reallyAsian,I try to pave theway between the two worlds

1804、 and bridge(消除隔阂)the gap for you.(2010北京高考)One should receive training tobuild(增强)up ones confidence.13.buildvt.建筑，建造 n体格，体形，身 材(2008江西高考)Youre right,Josh.Hemay have a small build(身材)14.causevt.促使，引起 n原因，起因；事 业；目标(2010山东高考)Even with a staff of 22volunteers,Thomas often devotes up to50 hours a week t

1805、o his cause(事业)15.cloudyadj.阴的，多云的 adj.不明朗的，不清 晰的 Who will take his place still remainscloudy(不明朗的)16.coachn.教练 vt.辅导，指导 She coached(指导)me in playingfootball.It is not how much you read but what17.countn.&vt.计算，数 vi.有价值；重要 you read that counts(重要)18.coursen.课程；过程 n.一道菜 The courses(菜谱)vary with seaso

1806、ns.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 320 页（共 331 页）vt.冲印 单词 熟义 新义 例句(2014天津高考)At that time,weregarded 25 miles as good days walk19.covervi.覆盖 vt.行走(一段路程)；足以支付，够付；采 访 n书刊封面，封皮 and the ability to cover(行走)such adistance in ten hours as sign of strengthand skill.(2010福建高考)To cover(足以支付)

1807、the cost of hiring a bus,each studentwill have to pay$10 each time.20.damagevt.&n损坏 n.赔偿金(复数)He claimed$7,000 damages(赔偿金)from the taxi company.21.dealvi.处理，解决 n.交易 Having been cheated in a business deal(交易),he was reduced to nothing.22.desertn.沙漠 vt.抛弃，离弃 He deserted(抛弃)his wife andchildren and wen

1808、t abroad.23.developvt.&vi.发展；开发；研制 Did you have the films developed(冲 印)？24.divorcevt.与某人离婚 vt.使分离；使脱离 You cant divorce(使分离)sciencefrom ethical questions.(2014江苏高考)It is the same instinct25.drivevt.驾驶 vt.迫使 that drives(迫使)people to dress oneway at home and another way at work.26.encouragevt.鼓励；激励 vt

1809、.促进，助长；刺激 Good health encourages(促进)clearthinking.(2012广东高考)If he thought he could27.escapevi.&vt.逃跑；逃脱 vt.被忘掉；被忽视 escape(被忽视)attention by sitting atthe back,he was wrong.28.excusen.借口 vt.原谅 vt.免除某人的职责 He was excused(免除)from pianopractice.29.explodevi.爆炸；爆裂 vt.勃然大怒；大发雷 霆 Im about to explode(勃然大怒)!He

1810、broke his promise again.30.exploitvt.开发；开采；剥削 vt.利用 You must exploit(利用)everyopportunity to learn English.(2011新课标全国卷)William found it31.failvi.失败 vi.(健康)衰退，变弱 increasingly difficult to read,for hiseyesight was beginning to fail(变弱)32.fineadj.美好的，很棒的，晴朗的 n.&vt.罚款；处(某 人)以罚金 The man will get a fine(罚款

1811、)if heparks the car there.33.foreignadj.外国的；外交的 adj.不熟悉的 The subject is foreign(不熟悉的)to allof us.(2014新课标全国卷)When faced34.freezevi.结冰，(使)冻结 vi.&vt.惊呆，吓呆；不动，停止 with so many options,the lion choosesto freeze(停止，不动)and wait insteadof attacking the man holding the chair.35.freshadj.新鲜的 adj.无经验的 She is q

1812、uite fresh(无经验的)to thework.36.gainvi.&vt.获得；赢得 vt.增加(速度、重量)The car gained(增加)speed gradually.37.groundn.地面 n.理由 He has strong grounds(理由)for moremoney.38.governvt.管理；控制 vt.影响；支配 The law of supply and demand governs(影响)the prices of goods.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 321 页（共 331

1813、页）单词 熟义 新义 例句(2013新课标全国卷)Try not to39.helpvt.帮助 vi.避免，防止；起作 用 40.housen.房子 vt.&vi.给房子 住；容纳 cough more than you can help(避免，防 止)since it may cause problems to yourlungs.(2014浙江高考)These cottages oncehoused(给房子住)early settlers asthey worked the dry Montana soil;nowthey hold Twitter engineers.41.illadj.

1814、生病的 adj.&adv.坏的/地 Its no good speaking ill(坏的)ofothers.42.inspirev.激励；鼓舞 v.启发 His best music was inspired(启发)bythe memory of his mother.43.interestn.兴趣 n.利润，利益；股份 Our family has interests(利益)in thebusiness.Last week the prices of goods jumped44.jumpvi.&n跳 n.&vi.大幅度上涨(大幅度上涨)45.killv.杀死，弄死 v.消磨或打发(时间)

1815、(2010湖北高考)How does the man kill(打发)time？(2015浙江高考)Since finishing mystudies at Harvard and Oxford,Ive46.landvi.降落，着陆 n.陆地 vt.谋得(工作等)watched one friend after another land(谋得)highranking,highpaying WallStreet jobs.47.lastadj.最后的 adj.最不可能的 He is the last(最不可能的)man I wantto see.(2013江西高考)She matched(匹配)

1816、48.matchn.火柴 vt.般配，与匹配 vt.&vi.估量，判定 the carpet with some very nice curtainsin colour.49.measuren.措施，方法(重要性、价值或影 响等)Its hard to measure(判定)his abilitywhen we havent seen his work.50.multiplyv.乘；乘以 vt.成倍增加；迅速增 加 51.narrowadj.狭窄的 vt.缩小，使变窄 52.noten.笔记 v.注意，特别指出；提及 53.nursen.护士，保姆 vt.看护，照料(病人 或伤者)We can

1817、 multiply(迅速增加)ourchances of success.(2012天津高考)Parents and children shouldcommunicate more to narrow(使 变窄，缩小)the gap between them so that they can understand each other better.I noted(注意到)that her hands weredirty.(2014山东高考)While nursing(照料)her ill elder sister throughout the years,Charlotte discover

1818、ed she had an interestin medicine.54.openv.开 adj.开着的，打开 的 55.operatevi.机器运转工作；做 adj.(问题、议事等)未解决的 They left the matter open(悬而未决 的)The medicine operated(起作用)手术 vi.起作用 quickly.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 322 页（共 331 页）61.round单词 熟义 新义 例句(2014新课标全国卷)I would like to56.picturen.画 vt

1819、.描绘 picture(描绘)my future life in tenyears.57.positionn.位置；职位 n.立场；观点 Whats your position(观点)on theproblem？58.promisevt.&n许诺 vt.有的希望；使有可能 The dark clouds promise(使有可 能)rain.59.pronouncevt.发音 v.宣称；宣布；判决 The judge pronounced(判决)againsther appeal.60.readv.阅读 vt.理解；领会 I didnt read(领会)mothers thoughts att

1820、hat time.prep.&adv.环绕，围着 adj.圆形的 n.回合；局；轮 We are losing the game in the last round(轮)due to our complacency(自满)62.sayvt.说 vt.假定，显示，表明 Say(假定)that war breaks out,whatwill you do？(2014四川高考)I was wrapped(包裹)63.sheltern.避难所 vt.保护 heavily and well sheltered(保护)fromthe freezing and blowing weather.64.shou

1821、ldern.肩膀 vt.承担 Young people should learn to shoulder(承担)the blame.(2010天津高考)Bearing responsibilityfor his mistakes is a sign(预兆)of a65.signn.符号，记号 n.迹象，预兆 v.签字，签署 66.solidadj.固定的，坚硬的 adj.可靠的，可信赖 的 mans maturity.(2010福建高考)Therefore,students should be advised to sign(签字)up as soon aspossible.(2012浙江高考

1822、)Theresearch lackssolid(可靠的)evidence,and therefore,its conclusions are doubtful.67.soundn.声音 adj.健全的，健康的 It is important to have a sound(健康的)body.(2009四川高考).the author could not68.standvi.站，站立，直立 vt.忍受 n.货摊 69.storen.(大型)百货商店 vt.&n贮藏，贮存，保存 70.strengthn.力，力量，体力 n.长处 71.subjectn.科目，话题 n.实验对象 adj.易受影响的

1823、 stand(忍受)living in a wooden house.(2010福建高考)I found the fish stand(货摊)surrounded in a sea of customers.(2010安徽高考)Although dams can bebuilt to store(贮存)water foragricultural use in dry areas and dryseasons.A basketball coach must know thestrengths(长处)and weaknesses of hisplayers.The subjects(实验对象)of

1824、 thisexperiment were men aged 1835.The child is subject(易受影响的)tocolds.(2013天津高考)While she was in72.tastev.品尝，尝 出味道 n.味道；鉴赏力；爱好 Paris,she developed a taste(爱好)forfine art.中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 323 页（共 331 页）单词 熟义 新义 例句(2010江苏高考)The doctor is skilled attreating(治疗)heart tro

1825、uble and neveraccepts any gift from his patients,so hehas a very good reputation.Lets go out for lunch my treat(款 待)This society welcomes people from allwalks(行业)of life.Her thoughts wandered(思想开小差)back to her youth.(2009山东高考)I can still remember hewas always wearing(面带)a smile andwilling to help.(2

1826、012福建高考)However,this must be weighed(权衡)against the benefits for city childrenfor whom we all have the greatest dutyof care.(2009浙江高考)The medicineworks(起作用)more effectively if youdrink some hot water after taking it.(2010四川高考)Such poets asShakespeare are widely read,of whoseworks(作品),however,some ar

1827、edifficult to understand.I cant undertake(承诺)that you willmake a profit.(2013天津高考)Moreover,I will openmore channels for you to voice(说出)your opinions and needs.vt.治疗，医治 vt.&n款待，招待 73.treatvt.以态度对待 vi.&n行走；步行 n.行业 vi.走神；神志恍惚；思想开小差 vt.面带，流露；留(发、须等)74.walk75.wandervi.漫游；游荡；漫步 76.wearvt.穿，戴 77.weighv.称的

1828、重量；重达 v.权衡；斟酌 vi.(方法、药等)起作 用，奏效 n.著作，作 品 vi.&n工作，劳动 78.work79.undertakevt.承担；从事 vt.承诺；允诺；答应 80.voicen.声音 vt.说出 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 324 页（共 331 页）6缺点 shortcomingdrawback7方法 wayapproach8职业 jobcareer/employment/profession9老人 old peoplethe old/the elderly/the aged/senior ci

1829、tizens10青少年 young peopleyoungsters/youths/adolescents 第二组动词及动词短语 1看见 seecatch sight of 2遇见 meetcome across 3遭遇 meet withencounter 4拥有 havepossess5提高 develop/improvepromote6替代 replacesubstitute 7面对 facebe faced with 8容忍 bearput up with9解决 solvedeal with/cope with10决定 decidedetermine/make up ones mind

1830、11考虑 considertake into account/consideration12应该 shouldbe supposed to13理解 understandmake sense of/figure out 14使用 useemploy/make use of/take advantage of 15道歉 apologizemake an apology16记住 rememberbear/keep in mind17发生 happenoccur/come about18参观 visittour/pay a visit to 19感谢 thankappreciate 20帮助某人 he

1831、lpsb.do sb.a favor 21节省 saveset aside22想起 think ofoccur/come up with23分发 hand outdistribute 24站起 stand upget to ones feet25习惯于 be used tobe accustomed to 26一定 be sure tobe bound to27为做准备 prepare formake preparations for/be prepared for28反对 be againstobject to29厌烦 be bored withbe fed up with30忙于 be b

1832、usy in(with)be occupied in(with)/be buried in/be engaged in31闻名 be famous forhave a reputation for32感到舒心 feel comfortablefeel at ease33美化学校 make our school beautifulbeautify our school34置若罔闻 refuse to listen toturn a deaf ear to 35成功做某事 succeed in doing sth.make it 36想做某事 want todo sth.seek/intend/d

1833、esire todo sth.37照看 look afterattend to38尽力做某事 try ones best to do sth.spare no effort to do sth.39向某人寻求帮助 ask someone for helpturn to sb.for help 40我认为 Ithinkin my opinion/as far as Im concerned三 写作常用的 4 组高级写作词汇 第一组名词 1机会 chanceopportunity2选择 choicealternative 3课程 coursecurriculum 4影响 effectinfluen

1834、ce/impact 5后果 resultconsequence第三组形容词 1令人惊奇的 surprisingamazing/astonishing/shocking 2贫穷的 poorneedy/povertystricken3优秀的 excellentoutstanding4明显的 obviousapparent/evident5常见的 commonuniversal 6充足的 enoughadequate 7勤奋的 hardworkingdiligent中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 325 页（共 331 页）17合适

1835、的 properappropriate18丰富的 richabundant19古老的 oldancient20唯一的 onlyunique21全部的 wholeentire22富裕的 richwealthy第四组其他(副词、连词、介词短语、数词)1突然 suddenlyall of a sudden2立即 immediatelyin a flash3有时 sometimesoccasionally/once in a while/from time to time4另外；况且 besidesin addition/whats more/moreover 5因此 sotherefore6第一 f

1836、irstto begin/start with 7第二 secondin addition/whats more8最终 finallyeventually9但是 buthowever 10大多数 mostthe majority11许多 a lot ofa large quantity/amount of/endless 12种类繁多的 all kinds ofa variety of/varieties of/various 13事实上 infactas a matter of fact/actually14例如 for examplefor instance 15几天前 a few day

1837、s agothe other day 16故意 onpurposedeliberately/by design17因为 because ofon account of/due to/owing to/thanks to18总之 in a wordto sum up/in conclusion/in summary19由构成 be made up ofconsist of20越来越多 more and morean increasing number of21因为 becausein that22一就 as soon as 从句on/upon名词 23如果 ifsuppose/supposing

1838、/on condition that 24即将到来 be coming soonbe around/round the corner8可用的 usableavailable9艰难的 difficultchallenging10坚强的 strongtough11重要的 importantvital/significant 12不可能的 impossibleout of the question 13有趣的 interestingabsorbing/striking/appealing 14小心谨慎的 carefulcautious15幸运的 luckyfortunate16巨大的 largeen

1839、ormous中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 326 页（共 331 页）1AAA 型 四 162 个动词的不规则变化表 betbet/bettedbet/betted打赌 2AAB 型 broadcastbroadcastbroadcast广播；播送 bidbid/badebid/bidden出价 burstburstburst爆发；发生 castcastcast投，掷；扔 costcostcost花费 cutcutcut切；割 forecastforecast/forecastedforecast/forecasted预报

1840、hithithit打 hurthurthurt伤害 knitknit/knittedknit/knitted编织 letletlet让 putputput放 quitquit/quittedquit/quitted停止 readreadread读 ridrid/riddedrid/ridded除去 setsetset放；放置 shutshutshut关闭 spitspit/spatspit/spat吐 splitsplitsplit劈开；分开 spreadspreadspread散布；传播 sweatsweat/sweatedsweat/sweated出汗 thrustthrustthrust

1841、刺；刺入 upsetupsetupset颠覆；扰乱 wedwedwed结婚 wetwet/wettedwet/wetted打湿 3ABA 型 beatbeatbeaten打；击败；(心脏)跳动 4.ABB 型 comecamecome来 becomebecamebecome变成 overcomeovercameovercome克服 runranrun跑(1)在原型动词后面加一个辅音字母 d 或 t 构成过去式、过去分词 hearheardheard听见 burnburnt/burnedburnt/burned燃烧 learnlearnt/learnedlearnt/learned学 dream

1842、dreamtdreamt梦想 meanmeantmeant意思是 leanleant/leanedleant/leaned倾斜 leapleapt/leapedleapt/leaped跳跃；跨越 spoilspoilt/spoiledspoilt/spoiled破坏；宠坏 dealdealtdealt处理 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 327 页（共 331 页）(2)把原型动词的最后一个辅音字母 d 改成 t(7)eep 变为 eptkeep sleepoversleepcreepweepsweepkept sleptov

1843、ersleptcreptweptsweptkept sleptoversleptcreptweptswept保持 睡觉 睡过头 爬行 哭泣 打扫 buildrebuildlendsendspendbendbuiltrebuiltlentsentspentbentbuiltrebuiltlentsentspentbent建设 重建 借出；借给 送；发射；派遣 度过；花费 弯腰；低头；弯曲(3)原词中有 a 则改为 aught，无 a 则改为 ought抓；赶上 教；教书 买 带来；拿来 打架；争吵；作战 寻找 想 catchteachbuy bringfightseekthinkcaughtta

1844、ughtbought broughtfoughtsought thoughtcaughttaughtbought broughtfoughtsought thought(4)把 eel、ell 改成 elt感觉 跪下 闻到 拼写 feelkneel smellspellfeltkneltsmeltspeltfeltkneltsmeltspelt(5)词中间去掉一个 e 或去掉一个 a 或去掉一个 ofeedmeetspeedbleedbreedleadmisleadshootfedmetspedbledbredledmisledshotfedmetspedbledbredledmisledsh

1845、ot喂养；饲养 碰见；遇见 加速；快速前进 流血 繁殖；产生 领导；引导 误导；欺骗 射击；击中(6)改变元音字母(把 i、a 变为 u 或把 i、e 变为 o，把 o 变为 e，把 i 变为 a)dighang spinstickstingswingshinewinget holdsitdug hung spun stuckstungswungshone shinedwongot heldsatdug hung spun stuckstungswungshone shinedwongot heldsat挖掘 挂 旋转 粘贴；插入 刺激；叮咬 摆动；突然转向 照耀；使发光 擦亮；擦光 赢得；获

1846、胜 得到 握；举行 坐 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 328 页（共 331 页）(8)ay 变为 aid，ell 变为 old，and 变为 ood，ind 变为 ound(2)过去式n 或 en 构成过去分词 打破 说话 结冰；凝固 breakspeakfreezebrokespoke frozebrokenspokenfrozenpay repaylay sayselltellretellforetellstandunderstandmisunderstandfindwindpaidrepaidlaidsaidsold

1847、toldretoldforetoldstoodunderstoodmisunderstoodfoundwoundpaidrepaidlaidsaidsoldtoldretoldforetoldstoodunderstoodmisunderstoodfoundwound付款 偿还；报答 下蛋；产卵；放置 说 卖 告诉 复述 预告；预言 站，站立 明白；懂得 误会；误解 找到；发现 卷起；缠绕(9)其他 咬 祝福 有 离开 点燃；照亮 失去；丢失 制作；制造 滑动 溢出 biteblesshave/hasleavelightlosemakeslidespillbitblessed/blesthad

1848、leftlit/lightedlostmadeslidspilled/spiltbit/bittenblessed/blesthadleftlit/lightedlostmadeslidspilled/spilt5ABC 型(1)原型动词后n 或 en 构成过去分词 takeovertakemistakeundertakeshavesawsow shakeseeforeseeeatfallgiveforgivedriveriseariseridewritetookovertookmistookundertookshavedsawedsowedshook sawforesawatefellgav

1849、eforgavedroverosearoserodewrotetakenovertakenmistakenundertakenshaven/shavedsawn/sawedsown/sowedshakenseenforeseeneatenfallengivenforgivendrivenrisenarisenriddenwritten拿；取 追上；超过 误认；误解 承担；保证 剃须 锯 播种 摇头；摇晃 看见 预见 吃 跌倒 给 原谅；宽恕 驾驶 升起 出现；发生 骑 写 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 329 页（共 331

1850、 页）wakeweaveawakechoosestealforgethideforbidwokewoveawokechosestoleforgothidforbade/forbadwokenwovenawokenchosenstolenforgottenhiddenforbidden醒 编织 唤醒 选择 偷 忘记 躲藏 禁止(3)ow/aw/ewew/edown/awn/ewn 型 blowgrowknow throwoverthrowdrawwithdrawsewshowblewgrewknew threwoverthrewdrewwithdrewsewedshowedblowngrownk

1851、nownthrownoverthrowndrawnwithdrawnsewn/sewedshown吹 生 长 知道 投；掷 推翻；打倒 拖；拉 撤退 缝 出示(4)iau 型 开始 萎缩 喝；饮 打电话；按(铃)下沉 唱歌 游泳 弹跳；弹起 beginshrinkdrinkringsinksingswimspringbegan shrank/shrunkdrankrangsanksangswamsprang/sprungbegun shrunkdrunkrungsunk sung swumsprung(5)earoreorn 型 忍受；生育 撕裂；撕破 穿；戴 发誓 bear tearwear

1852、swearboretoreworesworeborntornwornsworn(6)其他 be(am，is)be(are)do/doesgolieflywasweredidwentlay flewbeenbeen done gone lainflown是 是 做 去 躺 飞 中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 330 页（共 331 页）五 高考作文常用的 8 类谚语 众所周知，谚语乃是一种语言的精华，寓意深刻，表达隽永。在高考写作中如能适当地引用一些谚语，可以为文章增光添彩。下面根据近年来高考作文中引用谚语的情况，总结出高考作文

1853、常用的 8 类谚语和引 用谚语的一些地道表达法，供同学们写作时模仿使用。一、高考作文常用分类谚语 1关于学习的谚语 Knowledge starts with practice.知识来源于实践。Never too late to learn.活到老，学到老。Knowledge is power.知识就是力量。A little learning is a dangerous thing.一知半解是危险的事。Look for the old so as to learn the new.温故而知新。2关于交友的谚语 A friend in need is a friend indeed.患难见真情

1854、。The best mirror is an old friend.老朋友乃是最好的镜子。A friend is a second self.朋友是第二个自我。A friend is easier lost than found.朋友易失不易得。A friend without faults will never be found.世上没有十全十美的朋友。He who keeps company with the wolf will learn to howl.近墨者黑。3关于健康的谚语 Health is better than wealth.健康胜过财富。Sports is good fo

1855、r life.生命在于运动。An apple a day keeps the doctor away.一日一苹果，医生远离我。A light heart lives long.豁达者长寿。4关于成功的谚语 A good beginning is half done.良好的开端是成功的一半。Failure is the mother of success.失败乃成功之母。Every beginning is difficult.万事开头难。No pains,no gains.不劳无获。Talents come from diligence,and knowledge is gained by a

1856、ccumulation.天才在于勤奋，知识在于积累。5关于毅力的谚语 Life is great,if you dont weaken.有了坚强的意志，才有伟大的人生。Where there is a will,there is a way.有志者事竟成。Nothing is difficult to the man who will try.世上无难事，只要肯攀登。Little by little one goes far.千里之行始于足下。Little by little and bit by bit.坚持就是胜利。Constant dropping wears away a stone.

1857、滴水穿石。6关于帮助的谚语 All for one and one for all.人人为我，我为人人。He is truly happy who makes others happy.使他人幸福的人才会真正幸福。It is love that makes the world go round.爱心是永恒的力量。Its better to give than to receive.给予总比接受好。7关于时间的谚语 Time and tide wait for no man.岁月不待人。He that gains time gains all things.赢得时间就赢得一切。Time is m

1858、oney.时间就是金钱。Lost time is never found again.时如东流水，一去不复返。Busiest men find the most time.最忙的人时间最多。中山纪念中学内部资料 2016 年 7 月 中山纪念中学 2017 高考总复习高考英语备考手册 第 331 页（共 331 页）As every thread of gold is valuable,so is every moment of time.一寸光阴一寸金。8关于合作的谚语 One tree cant make a forest.独木不成林。For better or for worse.同甘共

1859、苦。Union is strength.团结就是力量。Two heads are better than one.三个臭皮匠赛过诸葛亮。Both together do best of all.人心齐，泰山移。二、引用谚语的常用表达 1As the saying goes,“A good beginning is half the battle.”(2014江西高考满分作文)正如谚语所说的那样，“良好的开端是成功的一半。”2Francis Bacon once said,“Knowledge is power.”(2014江西高考满分作文)弗朗西斯培根曾经说过，“知识就是力量。”3As we

1860、all know,books are the ladder of human progress.(2014江西高考满分作文)众所周知，书籍是人类进步的阶梯。4As a famous saying goes,“A friend is a present you give yourself.”(2014重庆高考标准范文)正如一句著名的谚语所说的，“朋友是你给自己的礼物。”5In a word,success is important,and so is failure,because its the mother of success.(2013湖南高考标准 范文)总之，成功是重要的，失败也是重要

1861、的，因为它是成功之母。6It also helps me understand the proverb“Practice makes perfect.”(2013浙江高考标准范文)它也帮助我理解了这句谚语：“熟能生巧。”7Above all,diligence is the mother of success.总之，勤奋是成功之母。8Mother told me that where there is a will,there is a way.母亲告诉我，“有志者事竟成。”9Some old people say,“The happiness will come when the pain leaves.”古人说得好，“苦尽甘来。”10If you“Do as the Romans do when in Rome”，youll enjoy more of your stay here.如果你入乡随俗，你会更好地享受这里的生活。