1、Unit 2 Cloning晨背15分钟填词并背记Be Careful about CloningAfter a series of initial experiments and corrections,_the scientists hard work paid_off when the twin clone turkeys were hatched with normal feather and claws.This breakthrough possibly enabled people to bring their adored pets back_to_life.However,i
2、t bothered him from_time_to_time that their health was in_poor_condition because they were unable_to resist illnesses.This drawbackcast_him_down.Merely 2 weeks later,the clones and their carrier died,which struck frustration into_his_heart.He retired before he attained his ambition and became a memb
3、er of an opera chorus to relieve his depression.Shortly afterwards,the media published a conservative argument objecting_to cloning owing to moral problems,and suggested the constitutioninclude compulsory regulations to forbid obtaining commercial profits from cloning.When interviewed,the scientist
4、stared at the decorations on the ceiling,thinking for a while,and then said,“Im not in_favour_of_any arbitraryassumption,_but undertaking cloning does differ_from the straightforwardprocedure of making loafs out of flour.Until we accumulate enough exactknowledge,any practice is in_vain and is_bound_
5、to fail.Altogether,_being more careful is reasonable or we may walk into a side_road.”谨慎对待克隆在最初一系列的实验和修正之后，科学家的辛苦工作终于取得了成功，一对双生的克隆火鸡孵化出来，羽毛和爪子都很正常。这一突破或许能让人们使他们喜爱的宠物死而复生。然而，使他不时地烦恼的是，因为它们无法抵抗疾病，使得它们的健康状况极差。这个缺点让他很沮丧。仅仅过了 2 个星期，克隆体和母体都死亡了，这使他内心里充满了挫折。他也因此在达到自己目标前就退休了，并选择成为歌剧合唱团的一员来减轻消沉的感觉。之后不久，媒体就因为道
6、德问题而发表了反对克隆的保守论点，并且建议宪法应该包括强制性的法规禁止通过克隆获得商业利益。当被采访时，科学家盯着天花板上的装饰物思考了一会儿，说：“我不赞成任何任意的假设，但是从事克隆与用面粉制作面包的简单过程确实不大相同。在我们积累了足够的准确知识前，任何实际操作都是徒劳无功的，注定会失败。总而言之，更加谨慎地对待克隆是合理的，否则我们或许会误入歧途。”1(vi.)不同；相异(n.)不同；差异 (adj.)不同的2(adj.)精确的；准确的(adv.)精确地；准确地3(n.)改正；纠正；修正(vt.)批改；纠正4(vt.&vi.)积累；聚积(n.)积累；聚积differdifference
7、differentexactexactlycorrectioncorrectaccumulateaccumulation5(vi.)退休；离开(n.)退休，退职；退役 (adj.)退休的；离职的6(n.)假定；设想(vt.)假定；设想7(n.)规则；规章；法规(adj.)规则的；有规律的(vt.)控制；管理；调节8(vt.)抵抗；对抗(n.)抵抗力；反抗 (adj.)有抵抗力的；耐的retireretirementretiredassumptionassumeregulationregularregulateresistresistanceresistant9(adv.)仅；只；不过(adj.
8、)仅仅；小的10(n.)装饰(v.)装饰；布置11(adj.)合情理的；讲道理的；公道的(反义词)(adj.)不合情理的(n.)理由；原因merelymeredecorationdecoratereasonableunreasonablereason重点知识30分钟undertake vt.(undertook;undertaken)着手；从事；承担；答应(P11)单句语法填空The police are said _(undertake)detailed investigations into the case at present.to be undertaking Cooking,tra
9、ditionally _(undertake)by mothers,has been often taken over by fathers nowadays.Whether or not the construction of the bridge _(undertake)by our company remains to be seen.undertaken will be undertaken(1)undertake sth.着手/从事/承担某事undertake sth.保证/答应做某事undertake that.保证undertake/a task 承担责任/任务(2)n.任务，项
10、目，事业；保证；企业to doresponsibilityundertakingobjection n.不赞成；反对；异议(P12)单句语法填空I have no objection _ your going,but you must promise to come back before ten.toAs long as you can guarantee safety and low cost,we dont have any slightest _(object)Do you have any objection to _(change)your working hours?The jo
11、urnalist had many pictures of the woman secretly taken even though she objected to _(photograph)I find it difficult to be _(object)where youre concerned.objection changingbeing photographed objective(1)raise an objection sth.对某事提出异议make/take/have an objection sth.反对(做)某事(2)n.物体；目标 vi.反对；不赞成object sb
12、./sth.反对某人/某事object sth.反对做某事object that.反对(3)adj.真实的；客观的；无偏见的toto(doing)objecttoto doingobjective名师点津(1)object to 中的 to 为介词，后接名词、代词或动名词。(2)object 表示“反对”，为不及物动词，接宾语需加介词 to；oppose 表示“反对”，为及物动词，接宾语不需加介词 to。be opposed to.表示“反对，和相反”。forbid vt.(forbade,forbad;forbidden)禁止；不准(P12)单句语法填空The factory forbids
13、 the workers _ smoking in the workshops.The guard forbade us _(look)out of the window when the train was moving.Lack of space forbids _(list)the names of all those who contributed.For this writer there is no such thing as a _(forbid)topic.from to look listing forbidden(1)forbid sb.sth.forbid sb.from
14、 doing sth.禁止某人做某事forbid sth.禁止做某事forbid that.禁止(从句中常用“()动词原形”)(2)forbidden adj.禁止的It is sth.做某事是禁止的to dodoingshouldforbidden to doowe vt.欠(钱、账、人情等)；归功于；感激(P13)(1)单句语法填空He owed _ to his first English teacher that he had a good pronunciation.She had a headache,_(owe)to the weather here,but she is now
15、 accustomed to it.it owing(2)一句多译多亏她帮忙，我们才成功启动了引擎。_，we succeeded in starting the engine.(介词短语)_ we succeeded in starting the engine.(强调句型)Owing to her assistanceIt was owing to her assistance that(1)owe sb.sth.owe sth.sb.欠某人某物owe sb.an 该向某人道歉owe sb.a 欠某人一个人情owe.把归功于(2)adj.欠着的；未付的owing because accoun
16、t ofdue 因为；由于toapologyfavourtoowingtoofonto名师点津 如果 owe 的宾语是动词不定式或名词性从句，可使用 it作形式宾语，将充当真正宾语的动词不定式或名词性从句放在句尾。如：He owes it to his doctors care that he is quite well again.他恢复得很好，他把这归功于医生的照顾。pay off 得到好结果；取得成功；偿清(P11)(1)写出下列句中 pay off 的含义It would take him the rest of his life to pay off that loan._Two h
17、undred workers have been paid off._All those weeks of studying will pay off when you take the exam._偿清(结工资后)解雇；打发走得到好结果(2)用 pay 相关短语的适当形式填空It has been rather costly to install the machine,but it should _ in the long run.Loss of health is too high a price to _ success in your studies.I am sure that h
18、e will _ every cent he owes you.pay off pay for pay backpay sth.付清；偿清(债务)pay sb.(结工资后)解雇；贿赂某人pay sth.付钱(买)；支付；因某事吃苦头或受惩罚pay sb.sth.付钱给某人pay还钱；偿还；报复pay 付出(大笔款项)；支付offoffforforbackoutin good/poor condition 状况很好/坏；情况很好/坏(P17)(1)用 condition 相关短语的适当形式填空You must _ tell him what happened.Ill let you have t
19、he book _ you should return it to me next week.He knew that he was _ from sitting for so long in the office.on no conditionon condition(that)out of condition(2)一句多译你可以使用这台电脑，条件是你能合理使用并且不弄坏。You may use this computer,_ you are able to use it properly so as not to damage it.You may use this computer _
20、you are able to use it properly so as not to damage it.as long as on condition that(1)conditions 工作/生活/学习环境 condition(that).在条件下；条件是；倘若；只要 conditionfit/healthy 健康；状况好 condition 状况欠佳 no condition 一点儿也不；决不(放在句首时，用部分倒装语序)working/living/studyingoninout ofon(2)adj.有条件的；以为条件的名师点津 condition 指人或物自身的状况时，常用作不
21、可数名词；指周围的环境、境况、条件时，常用复数形式。conditionalThe fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.(P11)单句语法填空The idea _ computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.We are not investigating the question _ he is trustworthy.that whether We havent yet settled the question _ we are g
22、oing to spend our summer vacation.He made a suggestion that they _(hold)an English speech contest.where(should)holdthe fact that.“的事实”，that 引导同位语从句。本句是由 that 引导的一个同位语从句，用于解释和说明的内容。引导词 that 不能省略。经常跟同位语从句的名词有 fact,news,message,doubt,possibility,idea,reason,belief,hope,thought,promise,suggestion,questi
23、on 等。引导词有：连接词 that,whether;连接代词 who,which,what;连接副词 where,when,why,how 等。factThe advantage is that if there is new illness some of these animals may die,but others will survive and pass on the ability to resist that disease to the next generation.(P15)单句写作优势是我们很好地掌握了英语。_ we have a good command of En
24、glish.The advantage is that 汽车普及的缺点是它带来了严重的空气污染。_ the popularity of cars _ it brings about so much air pollution.他们很有可能会发现你是谁。_ they might find out who you are.The drawback ofis that Chances/The chances are thatThe advantage is that.“优势是”。that 在此引导表语从句。The advantage/of.is that.的优势是The of.is that.的不足
25、是The of.is that.的缺点是The of.is that.的问题是Chances/The chances are that.有可能The is that.消息是strengthdisadvantagedrawbackproblemnewsBased on what we know now,you cannot clone animals that have been extinct longer than 10,000 years.(P15)单句语法填空_(satisfy)with what he did,the teacher praised him in class._(com
26、pare)with his room,my room is even smaller.Satisfied Compared _(face)with all these global problems,we cannot stand where we are._(absorb)in reading a novel,he didnt notice the teacher came in.Faced Absorbedbased on 是过去分词短语作状语。about 对感到担忧 with 对感到满意 by 被包围 with 面对 with 与比较 in 专心于worried/concernedsat
27、isfiedsurroundedfacedcomparedabsorbed课文语法填空5分钟Cloning has always been with us and is here to stay.It is a way of _1_(make)an exact copy of another animal or plant.It has two major uses.One is _2_ gardeners use it to produce commercial quantities of plants._3_ other is that it is valuable for researc
28、h on new plant species and for medical research on animals.However,the process of cloning is difficult _4_(undertake)Many attempts to clone mammals failed.The breakthrough that scientists made in history is in the year 1996.The first successful cloning,Dolly the sheep,made the whole _5_(science)worl
29、d follow its process.Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.It had _6_(many)problems than the normal sheep.On the other hand,Dollys appearance _7_(raise)a storm of objections and has a great impact _8_ the media and public imagination.Different people have different _9_(op
30、inion)on it.However,scientists still wonder whether cloning will help or harm us and where it is leading us.Maybe in the 21st century,cloning will be the _10_(big)moral dilemma.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._6_ 7._ 8._ 9._ 10._making that The to undertakescientific more raised on opinions biggestThen came the di
31、sturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.中主句为完全倒装句；that 从句为同位语从句。当 now，then 位于句首，谓语是 come，appear 等且主语为名词时，句子完全倒装。使用同位语从句要注意以下两点：(1)同位语从句在句中的位置。一般情况下同位语从句跟在某些名词(如news,idea,fact,promise,hope,message 等)的后面，用于说明该词所表达的具体内容。有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在它所说明的名词后，而被别的词语隔开，这在语法上叫作分隔式同位语从句。(2)同位语从句的语气。在 suggestion,a
32、dvice,request,order 等意为“建议，要求，命令”的名词后，同位语从句中的谓语动词通常用“should动词原形”的虚拟语气结构，句中的 should 可以省略。随堂检测10分钟.单句语法填空1I owe _ to him that this collection can be made known to the public.2The information _(obtain)from the Internet is not always true,so we should be careful to check the facts we find on websites.it
33、obtained3The new clothes in that shop are so beautiful that Anna cannot resist _(take)a close look at them,although she cannot afford them at present.4I think it is her personality rather than her looks that _(strike)me.Asking her to marry me is my dream.5The students are forbidden,unless they have
34、special passes,_(stay)out after 11 pm.takinghas struckto stay6That company wants to reduce prices to increase its market share,and this is _ we differ.7I am sure the new traffic regulation will meet with a strong _(object)from the public.8You cant compare themthere is a fundamental _(differ)in kind.
35、whereobjectiondifference9As long as we persist in spreading scientific knowledge among the masses,all the strange beliefs are bound _(go)out of our life.10I wasnt blaming anyone;I _(mere)said errors like this could be avoided.to gomerely.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1据我所知，人们对于克隆技术尤其是在克隆人方面分歧相当大。(differ)_答案：As far
36、as I know,people differ greatly in cloning technique,especially in cloning human beings.2一些人支持它的发展，他们认为这项技术一定会有利于医学的发展。(in favour of;be bound to)_答案：Some people are in favour of its development,believing the technique is bound to benefit the medical development.3相反，另一些人害怕克隆能引起一系列的道德问题，对社会的发展造成危害。(on
37、 the contrary)_答案：On the contrary,others are afraid that it could raise a storm of moral problems,thus causing damage to the social development.4我认为，只要所有的人都遵守规则，承诺合理应用克隆技术，克隆将会取得成功。(on assumption that)_答案：In my opinion,cloning will pay off on the assumption that all people obey rules and promise to
38、use it properly.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范 答案：As far as I know,people differ greatly in cloning technique,especially in cloning human beings.Some people are in favour of its development,believing the technique is bound to benefit the medical development.On the contrary,others are afraid that it could
39、raise a storm of moral problems,thus causing damage to the social development.However,in my opinion,cloning will pay off on the assumption that all people obey rules and promise to use it properly单元拓能训练单元话题写作应用文假定你是李华，你班最近就“To clone or not to clone”展开了激烈地辩论。现请你给一家英文报社的编辑写一封信，告诉他你班同学对克隆的不同观点，并表达自己的看法
40、。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。精彩范文Dear editor，Recently in our class,there is a heated debate about“To clone or not to clone”Some students believe cloning is of great benefit to human beings,which can be used to cure some serious diseases.Besides,it can also help the wildlife in danger so that we
41、can have more and more wildlife in the world.However,others are against cloning because they think that many social problems may arise if the use of this technology gets out of control.What they worry is that we may produce a superhuman race that could replace us.In my opinion,since cloning is a sci
42、entific breakthrough,we should do our best to draw upon it well to help human beings.Yours sincerely，Li Hua课时作业.阅读A(2020大同市高三学情调研测试试题)China has become the first country to clone a monkey using nonreproductive cells,reducing the need to keep lab monkeys and paving the way for more accurate,effective,
43、and affordable animal tests for new drugs.By December of 2017,Chinese scientists had created two clone macaques named“Zhong Zhong”and“Hua Hua”by nuclear transfer of somatic cellsany cell in the organism other than reproductive cells.This was the similar technology used to create the famous clone she
44、ep Dolly in 1996.“Cloning a monkey using somatic cells has been a worldclass challenge because it is a primate(灵长类)that shares its genetic makeup with humans.”Pu Muming said.“For drug and other lab tests,scientists have to purchase monkeys from all over the world,which is costly,bad for the environm
45、ent and produces inaccurate results because each monkey might have different genes，”Pu said.“By cloning monkeys using somatic cells,we can produce large numbers of genetically identical(相同的)offspring in a short time,and even change their genes to suit our needs，”he added.“This can save time,cut down
46、 experiment costs,and produce more accurate results,leading to more effective medicine.”“This achievement will help China lead the world research in an international science project related to neural(神经的)mapping of primate brains，”he said.“However,biology labs from the United States,Japan,and Europe
47、an countries are also very able,and they will quickly catch up with China after the monkey cloning technology is made public，”Sun Qiang added.“This means we have to innovate continuously and work extra hard this year to stay ahead，”he said.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。中国科学家使用非生殖细胞成功地克隆了猴子，成为世界上第一个使用非生殖细胞克隆灵长类动物的国家
48、。这项科研成果为更准确、更有效、更经济的新药动物试验铺平了道路。1What is special about Chinas cloning monkey?AIt transferred cells in the lab.BIt creates two monkeys at a time.CIt adopts a method of embryo splitting.DIt uses nonreproductive cells.答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段中的“China has become the first country to clone a monkey using nonrepr
49、oductive cells”可知，中国克隆猴的特别之处在于其使用了非生殖细胞，故 D 项正确。2Why do scientists clone monkeys?ATo keep monkeys from being endangered.BTo test new medicines on them.CTo find the side effects of medicines.DTo find a cure for mental diseases.答案：B 推理判断题。根据第四段的内容以及第五段最后一句可知，使用克隆猴可以节约时间，缩减实验费用，产生更精确的结果，进而生产更有效的药物。据此可推
50、知，科学家克隆猴子是为了在它们身上试用新药，故B 项正确。3What Sun said in the last paragraph suggests _.Athey are determined to catch up with AmericaBthey try to avoid competition from other countriesCthey arent satisfied with what they have achievedDthey have to keep the monkey cloning technology a secret答案：C 推理判断题。根据本文末句 Su
51、n 说的话可知，Sun 认为，他们必须不断创新，格外努力工作，以保持技术的先进性。据此可推知，他们并不满足于已取得的成就，故 C 项正确。【词汇积累】worldclass adj.世界第一流水平的 offspring n.幼崽；后代 innovate v.创新；改革 genetic makeup 基因组成【长难句分析】China has become the first country to clone a monkey using nonreproductive cells,reducing the need to keep lab monkeys and paving the way fo
52、r more accurate,effective,and affordable animal tests for new drugs.中国成为世界上第一个使用非生产性细胞克隆猴子的国家，减少了对实验室猴子的饲养需求，为更准确、更有效、更经济的新药动物实验铺平了道路。分析：这是一个简单句。to clone a money 为不定式作后置定语修饰country，using nonproductive cells 为现在分词短语作方式状语，reducing the need to keep lab monkeys and paving the way for more accurate,effec
53、tive,and affordable animal tests for new drugs 为现在分词短语作结果状语。BA recent announcement by scientists that they have successfully cloned the first human embryo(胚胎)has caused much debate and has shocked many people around the world.On the one hand,some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo,you
54、can produce valuable tissues and organs that could be used to save human lives.On the other hand,many people,including some scientists,disagree and fear that if mankind interferes with nature in this way,they may be on their way to producing a reallife Frankensteins monster.Cloning is producing an e
55、xact copy of a plant or an animal using its cells.The first mammal to be cloned successfully from an adult cell was Dollythe sheep.She was born in 1996 and died in early 2003,at a much younger age than normal.When she was born,many people were angry because they thought cloning would create more dis
56、eases in the animal world.However,in general the scientists were praised for their wonderful scientific breakthrough.The Scottish scientist who created Dolly,Ian Wilmut,thinks research efforts should concentrate on creating new tissues and organs that could eventually be used to cure diseases like c
57、ancer.However,some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries,some scientists are already pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.Severino Antinori,
58、an Italian doctor,is one of the leaders in this kind of research.In China,scientists have focused their efforts on cloning animals,as well as stem cells to be used in medical research.China has succeeded in producing clones of cows and goats,and continues to research ways in which cloning can benefi
59、t mankind.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了人们对于克隆人体胚胎的不同看法，以及克隆技术在其他国家的不同发展情况。4What can we learn about cloning according to the passage?ACloning technology can only be applied to animals.BA cloned animal can live longer than a normal one.CPeople all over the world are happy about the birth of Dolly.DCloning can
60、 produce valuable tissues and organs to cure human diseases.答案：D 细节理解题。根据第一段第二句中的“some scientists point out that if you clone an embryo,you can produce valuable tissues(组织)and organs that could be used to save human lives”和第三段首句可知，克隆技术可以生产有价值的组织和器官用以治愈人类疾病。故选 D 项。根据第二段首句可知 A项错误；从第二段 Dolly 的例子可知克隆的动物
61、不如正常的动物寿命长，故B 项错误；C 项与原文第二段的第四句话相悖。5The reasons why people are anticloning include the following EXCEPT that _.Acloning may produce a reallife Frankensteins monsterBcloning might create more diseases in the animal worldCcloning cant help those who want to clone their dead childrenDcloning human embr
62、yos shows no respect for human life答案：C 细节理解题。根据文中第一段第三句中的“they may be on their way to producing a reallife Frankensteins monster”提到克隆技术可能会产生出失控的怪物；第二段第四句“When she was born,many people were angry because they thought cloning would create more diseases in the animal world.”提到克隆动物可能会带来病毒；第三段最后一句“Howev
63、er,some people consider that cloning human embryos with the intention of destroying them shows no respect for human life.”提到克隆人类胚胎是对人类生命的不尊重。文中未提及C 项，故选 C。6What can be inferred from the last two paragraphs?AIf we interfere with nature,we will change the world to be what we want.BIt is impossible to
64、clone babies for women who cannot have ones.CCloning human beings is illegal in many countries,so no scientists want to do so.DWhether cloning human embryos is legal or not remains a matter of debate.答案：D 推理判断题。通过倒数第二段第一句“While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries,some scientists are a
65、lready pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.”可知，虽然克隆人体胚胎在很多国家还不被认可，但是有些科学家已经开始了这方面的研究。由此可推断出，对于克隆人体胚胎是否合法现在还是一个存在争议的问题。故选 D。7Which of the following would be the best title of the passage?ADollyA Brave Try of Using CloningBThe Cloning Development in ChinaCCloningA Perfect
66、CopyDThe Bad Effects of Cloning答案：C 标题判断题。根据全文可知，本文介绍了人们对于克隆人体胚胎的不同看法，以及克隆技术在其他国家的不同发展情况。A.重点讲多利羊；B.克隆技术在中国的发展；D.克隆技术的不良影响，这三项都只是文章中的部分内容。故选 C。【词汇积累】tissue n.(人、动植物细胞的)组织 breakthrough n.重大进展；突破 with the intention of 为了；打算【长难句分析】While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries,some scientists
67、 are already pushing ahead with research so as to deliver a cloned human baby.虽然克隆人体胚胎在许多国家都是非法的，但一些科学家已经在推进研究，以便生产出克隆的人类婴儿。分析：此句是主从复合句。While cloning human embryos is illegal in many countries 是让步状语从句，cloning human embryos 是动名词作主语；some scientists are already pushing ahead with research so as to deli
68、ver a cloned human baby 是主句，其中 so as to deliver a cloned human baby 是不定式短语作目的状语。CGene technology is a kind of science focusing on the research of human genes,which is drawing more and more attention now.The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at presen
69、t can almost do nothing with,such as cancer and heart disease.Every year,millions of people are murdered by these_two_killers.And to date,doctors have not found an effective way to cure them.But if the gene technology is applied,not only can these two diseases be cured completely,but also the great
70、amount of money people spend on curing their diseases can be saved,therefore it benefits the economy as well.In addition,human lifespan can be prolonged.Gene technology can help people to give birth to more healthy and clever children.Some families,with the English royal family being a good example,
71、have hereditary(遗传性的)diseases.This means their children will for sure have the family disease,which is a great trouble for these families.In the past,doctors could do nothing about hereditary diseases.But gene technology can solve this problem perfectly.Scientists just need to find the wrong gene an
72、d correct it,and a healthy child will be born.Some people are worrying that the gene research can be used to produce human beings in large quantities.But I believe cloned babies will not come out in large quantities,for most couples in the world can have their babies in a very normal way.Of course,t
73、he governments must take care to control gene technology.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了基因技术在现实社会中的应用，比如人们可以利用它来治疗癌症和心脏病等；可以节省大量的钱财，有益于经济；同时还可以使得人类长寿；并且它还可以治疗一些遗传病等。8What does“these two killers”in the second paragraph refer to?AHereditary diseases and cancer.BThe two murderers who killed the cloned baby.CThe
74、two diseases of cancer and heart disease.DGene technology and another treatment of the two diseases.答案：C 指代判断题。根据第二段第一句中的“such as cancer and heart disease”可知，这两大杀手指的是癌症和心脏病，故选 C。9Whats the main idea of the third paragraph?AGene technology can help people to give birth to a baby.BGene technology can
75、be used to clone human babies.CGene technology can be used to treat hereditary diseases.DGene technology can solve all the problems of the English royal family.答案：C 段落大意题。根据第三段第二句“Some families,with the English royal family being a good example,have hereditary(遗传性的)diseases.”和第五句“But gene technology
76、 can solve this problem perfectly.”可知，这一段主要介绍了基因技术可以治疗遗传病的情况，故选 C。10In what way can gene technology help to treat hereditary diseases?AUsing gene technology,human babies can be cloned.BUsing gene technology,scientists find the wrong gene and correct it.CGene technology helps people with hereditary d
77、iseases to live longer.DDoctors can cure cancer and heart disease with the help of technology.答案：B 细节理解题。根据第三段最后一句“Scientists just need to find the wrong gene and correct it,and a healthy child will be born.”可知，利用基因技术治疗遗传病的主要方法是找出错误的基因然后纠正它，故选 B。11What is the main purpose of writing this passage?AEx
78、pressing the writers idea that gene technology will benefit people.BTelling people the advantages and disadvantages of gene technology.CTelling the readers that gene technology will not benefit people.DExplaining that gene technology will also do harm to the humanity.答案：A 主旨大意题。通读全文可知，本文主要讨论了基因技术在现实
79、社会中的应用，比如人们可以利用它来治疗癌症和心脏病等；可以节省大量的钱财，有益于经济；同时还可以使得人类长寿；并且它还可以治疗一些遗传病等。故选 A。【词汇积累】lifespan n.寿命 give birth to 生孩子；产生，造成 in large quantities 大量的【长难句分析】The greatest thing that gene technology can do is to cure serious diseases that doctors at present can almost do nothing with,such as cancer and heart
80、disease.基因技术能做的最伟大的事情就是治愈目前医生几乎无能为力的严重疾病，如癌症和心脏病。分析：此句是主从复合句。主句 The greatest thing.is to cure serious diseases.是“主系表结构”，to cure serious diseases 是不定式短语作表语；此外 that gene technology can do 是定语从句修饰 The greatest thing;that doctors at present can almost do nothing with 是定语从句修饰 diseases。.语法填空(2020 陕 西 省 百
81、校 联 盟 TOP20 联 考)Some historians say that silk originated in China about 10,000 years ago.In China,however,legend _1_ (have)it that Empress Si Ling Chi of China was the first one _2_ (discover)silk more than five thousand years ago.The story goes _3_ while sitting under a mulberry(桑树)tree in her pala
82、ce garden,the Empress was having tea.A cocoon fell into her hot cup of tea from the branches of the mulberry tree.And as she watched,a strong white thread spread gradually.For more than two thousand years,the Chinese kept the secret of silk to themselves.Anyone found guilty of smuggling(偷运)silkworm
83、eggs,cocoons,or mulberry seeds was put to _4_(die).Silk became the cloth of emperors and royalty and a great source of wealth.But common people were prohibited _5_ wearing silk.Silk was gathered and kept in warehouses for _6_ emergency.The Chinese used silk in many ways.Civil servants _7_(pay)in qua
84、ntities of silk,and it was a way for the rulers to reward their citizens.Silk was also used as currency in domestic as well as foreign trade.Chinese traders exchanged their silk in return for spices and jewels _8_(buy)in India.Later,people from different parts of society began wearing silk clothes,a
85、nd _9_(surprise)silk came into _10_(much)general use than before.1_ 2._ 3._ 4._5_ 6._ 7._ 8._9_ 10._篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了丝绸的传说、用途以及后期的发展。has to discover that death from an were paid bought surprisingly more 1考查主谓一致和动词的时态。根据后一句中的 goes，再结合主语是legend 可知，用一般现在时的第三人称单数形式。故填 has。legend has it that是固定句型，可译为
86、“传说是这样的”。2考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式充当定语修饰前面的 the first one。故填 to discover。3考查同位语从句的连接词。此处引导同位语从句，补充说明前面的名词 story。4考查词性转换。空格前的 to 是介词，此处要用名词形式。故填 death。5考查介词。prohibit.from.“禁止”，为固定搭配。故填 from。6考查冠词。空格后的名词 emergency 是可数名词，并且词首字母发元音。故填不定冠词 an。7考查动词的时态和语态。此处主语 servants 与动词 pay 之间构成动宾关系，再结合前后句的谓语动词时态为一般过去时可知，此处要用一般过去时的被动语态。故填 were paid。8考查非谓语动词。此处用过去分词作定语，修饰前面的名词 spices and jewels，表被动、完成。故填 bought。9考查词性转换。此处修饰后面的句子 silk came.，要用副词形式。故填 surprisingly。10考查比较级。根据后面的连词 than 可知，此处要用比较级形式。故填 more。本课结束