1、.高频单词必记1vi.爆裂；爆发n.突然破裂；爆发2n.事件；大事3n.废墟；毁灭vt.毁灭；使破产4adj.极度的5vt.破坏；毁坏；消灭bursteventruinextremedestroy6vt.&vi.(使)震惊；震动n.休克；打击；震惊7n.&vt.援救；营救8vt.使陷入困境n.陷阱；困境9n.灾难；灾祸10vt.埋葬；掩埋；隐藏shockrescuetrapdisasterbury11n.&vt.损失；损害12n.裁判员；法官vt.断定；判断；判决13vt.损害；伤害n伤害；损害adj.受伤的damagejudgeinjureinjuryinjured14n电；电流；电学adj
2、.用电的；带电的adj.与电有关的；电学的15vt.使惊吓；吓唬adj.受惊的；受恐吓的adj.令人恐惧的16n祝贺；(复数)贺词vt.祝贺electricityelectricelectricalfrightenfrightenedfrighteningcongratulationcongratulate.重点短语必背1 立刻；马上2以为没什么了不起3结束；终结4严重受损；破败不堪5掘出；发现right awaythink little/nothing ofat an endin ruinsdig out6许多；大量的7以而自豪8从判断9陷入10埋头于a (great)numberofbe
3、proud ofjudgefrombe trapped inbe buried in.经典句型必会1In the farmyards,the chickens and even the pigs were too nervous to eat.在农家大院里的鸡，甚至连猪都紧张得不想吃食。解读：too.to 意为“太而不能”，表示否定意义。仿写：他太小了不能理解这么难的问题。He is _ so difficult a problem.答案：too young to understand2It seemed as if the world was at an end!好像世界末日到了。解读：It
4、 seems as if.“看起来好像”。仿写：他不太高兴，他好像要我们离开。He was unhappy；_ he wanted us to leave.答案：it seemed as if3Everywhere they looked nearly everything was destroyed.人们无论朝哪里看，那里的一切都几乎被毁了。解读：everywhere相当于wherever或no matter where，引导让步状语从句。仿写：无论他走到哪里，他都受到欢迎。_，he received a warm welcome.答案：Everywhere he went4All hope
5、 was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。解读：本句是部分否定。仿写：这些电视节目并非全都受人们的欢迎。_ these TV programs _ popular with people.答案：All;are not1burst vi.(burst,burst)爆裂；爆发 n突然破裂；爆发burst out crying/laughingburst into tears/laughter突然哭起来/笑起来burst in/into 闯入；突然破门而入burst out 突然迸发；爆发burst with anger/joy 勃然大怒/乐不可支 教材P26原句 In the city,
6、the water pipes in some buildings cracked and burst.在市内，有些建筑物的水管爆裂开来。My English teachers humor was such as to make every student burst into laughter.我的英语老师的幽默就是如此(好笑)，以致于每一个同学都会哈哈大笑起来。Scarcely had she heard the news about the death of Jobs when she.她一听到乔布斯死亡的消息，就失声痛哭起来。He without knocking at the doo
7、r.他没敲门就闯进房间。burst out crying/into tearsburst into the room2ruin nU毁灭；毁坏；崩溃；常用复数废墟；遗迹vt.(使)毁坏；毁灭；成为废墟；使破产(1)lie/be in ruins 成为废墟 come/go/fall to ruin毁灭；灭亡；崩溃 bring.to ruin 使毁灭；使没落；使破产(2)ruin oneself毁掉自己；自取灭亡 ruin ones health/fame/future毁坏某人的健康/声誉/前途 教材P26原句 In fifteen terrible seconds a large city la
8、y in ruins.在可怕的15秒内，一座大城市就成为一片废墟。The old farm has long been abandoned and come to ruin.这家农场很早就已废弃了，成了废墟。With time going on,the castle whichonce was very beautiful is now completely.随着岁月的流逝，曾经非常漂亮的城堡现在是一片废墟。However,he experienced severe financial hardship when his family business was ruined in the Gr
9、eat Depression of the early 1930s.(摘自2011山东高考阅读理解A)in ruins然而，在20世纪30年代初经济大萧条时期，他的家庭生意破产了，他遭受到严重的财务困难。The bad weather had for the holiday.糟糕的天气毁掉了我度假的好心情。ruined all my pleasure3injure vt.损害；伤害(1)injured adj.受伤的 the injured伤员(2)injury n.伤；伤口；伤害 do sb.an injury/do an injury to sb.伤害某人 教材P26原句 Twothird
10、s of them died or were injured during the earthquake.他们中有2/3在地震中伤亡。The young woman entered the pool where an injured dolphin(海豚)was swimming.(摘自2011湖北高考完形填空)那位年轻妇女进入那个水池，一头受伤的海豚正在水池里游动。Brown in the traffic accident,so he was in hospital.布朗因为在交通事故中受了重伤，所以住院了。were sent to the hospital immediately.受伤者被
11、立即送往医院。was seriously injuredThe injuredinjure,hurt,woundinjure 伤害，一般用于由于意外或事故而受伤，也可指损害名誉，伤害感情等 hurt 是受伤的一般用词，既可以指肉体上的伤害，也可以指精神上的伤害 wound 通常是指武器的伤害，如刀、枪等的伤害，尤其是指战场上的伤害 形象记忆 以练促记What really me was that he ignored me on purpose.About 50 people were seriously in the attack.Two men were severely trying t
12、o save a 5yearold girl from the burning house.hurtwoundedinjured4bury vt.掩埋；埋葬；使专心；使沉浸；隐藏(1)be buried in bury oneself in 埋头于；专心于 be buried in thought沉思(2)bury oneself in study埋头研究；专心学习 bury ones face in ones hands双手掩面 教材P26原句 The army organized teams to dig out those who were trapped and to bury the
13、 dead.救援部队组成小分队，将受困的人们挖出来，并将死者掩埋。Ever since he moved there,he has been buried in his research work.自从搬到那里以后，他一直在专注于研究工作。his study,he didnt know that all the others had left.他埋头学习，不知道其他人都早已离开了。Since his wife left,hes his work.自从妻子离开以来，他一直都埋头于工作。Buried inburied himself in5judge v断定；判断；判决 n裁判员；法官；评判员(1
14、)judge.from/by.从来判断 judge between right and wrong判断是非 as far as I can judge据我判断；我认为(2)judging by/from从上看；根据判断 教材P30原句 Your speech was heard by a group of five judges,all of whom agreed that it was the best one this year.五个裁判听了你的演讲，他们都同意这是今年最好的演讲。Dont judge a man by his looks.不要以貌取人。,it is more likel
15、y that you will get the job.据我判断，你更有可能获得那个工作。As far as I can judge关键一点 judging from/by表示“从来看；根据来判断”，用在句首时，为一个独立成分，不受句子主语和时态影响，只用现在分词作状语而不采用过去分词的形式。her last letter,they are having a wonderful time.从她上封信来看，他们过得非常愉快。Judging by/from.语境填空1_ from what he said,he must be an honest man.On the contrary,he of
16、ten steals things,so the _ pointed out that we shouldnt _ a man by his looks.(judge)答案：Judging;judge;judge2He couldnt _ himself clearly in English,but I could tell from his _ that he was angry.(express)答案：express;expression3On seeing the _ scene,the little girl was so _ that she burst out crying.(fr
17、ighten)答案：frightening;frightened.用动词burst的相关短语完成下列句子1看到儿子那可笑的样子，妈妈突然大笑起来。Seeing her sons funny look,the mother _.答案：burst out laughing/burst into laughter2一家人正在房间里看电视，这时几个陌生人突然破门而入。The family were watching TV in the room _.答案：when several strangers burst in.单项填空1_ in the interesting TV program,I did
18、nt hear the doorbell ringing.AHaving buried BBuryingCBuried DTo be buried解析：句意：由于专注于有趣的电视节目，我没有听到门铃在响。be buried in“埋头于；专注于”。答案：C2In that big earthquake all their houses were _，so they had to build new ones.Ahurt BharmedCinjured Ddestroyed解析：句意：在那次大地震中所有房屋都被毁坏了，因此他们只好再建新的。hurt一般指“精神或肉体伤害”；harm常指“对有害”
19、；injure指“(在事故中)受伤”；destroy指“破坏；毁坏”。故选D。答案：D3I havent read all of his books before,but _ from the one I have read,I think hes a very promising writer.Ajudged BjudgingCdetermining Ddetermined解析：考查动词用法和词义辨析。judging from.是固定短语，常在句中作状语。不管它与主语是主动还是被动关系，都要用现在分词形式。答案：B4On seeing Jay Chou appear on the stage
20、,the audience _ cheering.Aburst in Bburst intoCburst on Dburst out解析：考查与burst 相关的短语搭配。其中burst outdoing相当于 burst inton.，因此选D。句意：一看到周杰伦出现在舞台上，观众爆发出欢呼声。答案：D5You will _ your chances of getting a pay rise if you dont work harder than others.Ainjure BwoundCharm Druin解析：考查动词辨析。ruin可用于引申含义，意为“毁坏”，此时其宾语通常是he
21、alth,fame,chance等。injure侧重身体上的伤害；wound 侧重战场上的刀伤、枪伤等；harm 指“对有害”。所以选D。答案：D1think little/nothing of以为没什么了不起；对满不在乎；轻视；忽视教材P26原句 But the one million people of the city,who thought little of these events,were asleep as usual that night.但唐山市的一百万居民几乎都没把这些情况当回事儿，当天晚上照常上床睡觉了。I gave him some advice,but he tho
22、ught little of it.我给他提了几条建议，但他根本不理会。think much/highly/well of重视；看重；对高度评价be well/highly thought of被高度评价Mr.Zhang thinks much of his work,but.张先生重视工作，轻视金钱。As a young leader,he.作为一位年轻的领导，他受到高度评价。thinks little of moneyis well thought of2at an end结束；终结My holiday is at an end and I must go back to work tom
23、orrow.我的假期结束了，明天我得回去工作了。(1)at the end of 在尽头；在末端(指时间或空间的一个终点)by the end of到结束时；到时候为止(常与完成时态连用)in the end最后；终于(2)come to an end结束 put/bring sth.to an end结束 make(both)ends meet使收支相抵；量入为出 They didnt know how to.他们不知道如何结束这场争吵。His life returned to normal after the war came to an end.战争结束后他的生活恢复了正常。If Gar
24、y does not find a cheaper apartment soon,he wont be able to.如果Gary不快点找间更便宜公寓的话，他就无法使收支平衡了。put an end to the quarrelmake both ends meet3a(great)number of许多；大量的教材P27原句 Such a great number of people died because the quake happened while they were sleeping.那么多的人丧生是因为地震发生在人们睡觉的时候。I have been deeply impre
25、ssed by a number of experiences in her life.(摘自2010陕西高考单词拼写)她丰富的人生经历给我留下了深刻印象。Now college graduates are seeking to get a highpaid job.But posts available for them is often not enough.a (great)number ofthe number of如今很多大学毕业生努力想找一份待遇好的工作，但适合他们的岗位的数量却经常不足。There are waiting to be discovered.众多有才华的人有待于被发
26、现。The poor girl from small village was deeply impressed by the large quantities of food in the big city.大城市里大量丰富的食品给这个来自小山村的穷苦的小女孩留下了深刻的印象。a great many talented people.选词填空1He didnt know how to come back home because his money was _.答案：at an end2The building will fall down;wed better leave it _.答案：r
27、ight away3As _ trees are being cut down,many forests have been destroyed.答案：a large number of4Look!What are they _ in the field?Maybe for treasure.Who knows.答案：digging out5Dont _ some changes in nature before the earthquake.答案：think little of.单项填空1How can we live on 100 yuan a month?Dont worry.Im su
28、re things will turn out all right _.Ain the end Bby the endCat an end Dat the end解析：句意：“每月一百元我们怎么生活？”“别担心。我相信事情最终会圆满解决。”in the end“最后；最终”；by the end“到末”；at an end“终结”；at the end(of)“在的最后”。答案：A2A number of people _ learning English nowadays.Yes.The number of people who are learning English _ increasi
29、ng.Ais;is Bare;areCare;is Dis;are解析：a number of“许多”，修饰可数名词复数，作主语时谓语动词用复数形式；the number of.“的数目”，作主语时谓语动词用单数形式。答案：C3His film is sure to win the award because it _by most people.Athinks well of Bis thought wellCis thinking well of Dis well thought of解析：句意：他的这部电影肯定会获奖，因为大部分人对它评价很高。从句意看it 与think well of是
30、被动关系，故用被动语态；think well of“对评价高”。答案：D4Hes going to relax with friends once the exams are _ and he has exciting plans for the summer holidays.Aat the end Bby the endCin the end Dat an end解析：句意：考试一旦结束，他将与朋友一起放松休息，暑假他们已有令人兴奋的计划。at an end“结束”，符合句意。答案：D1It_seemed_as_if the world was at an end!好像是世界末日到了！It
31、 seemed(to sb.)that/as if.“(对某人来说)似乎”，as if 后边可用虚拟语气。(1)如果所引导的从句表示的情况是真实的或是极有可能发生的情况时，句子要用陈述语气。Hurry up!It looks as if it is going to rain.快点！看起来好像要下雨了。(2)当说话人所陈述的是不真实的或极少可能发生或存在的情况时，从句用虚拟语气。When a pencil is partly put into a glass of water,it looks as if it broken.当把铅笔的一部分放进水里时，它看上去好像断了。wereJack wa
32、snt saying anything,but the teacher smiled at him as if he had done something very clever.(摘自2011湖南高考单项填空)杰克没说什么，但是老师向他微笑，好像他之前做的是明智之举似的。关键一点 如果as if引导的从句中的主语和主句的主语相同，且含有be动词，可省略主语和be动词，这样as if 后就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词(短语)、介词短语或分词。The old man was lying on the ground as if.老人躺在地上，好像伤得很厉害。He opened his mouth a
33、s if something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。(he was)hurt badlyto say2All hope was not lost.不是所有的希望都破灭了。该句是表示部分否定的句型。all.not.not all.，意为“并非所有的都”。All the students did not go to the movie.Not all the students went to the movie.并非所有的学生都去看电影了。(1)英语中的all,both,each,every,everybody,everything,completely,always,whole,entirely
34、 等具有总括意义的代词、形容词和副词与否定词not连用，无论not位置如何，均构成部分否定，表示“并非都”的意思。Every boy is not interested in sports.is interested in sports.并非所有的男孩都喜欢运动。Not every boythe two math problems are not very difficult.the two math problems are very difficult.这两道数学题并非都很难。(2)英语中的no,none,never,nobody,nothing,neither,no one,nowher
35、e,no more,no longer,no way 等表否定意义的词(组)与肯定式谓语一起使用构成“全部否定”。Both ofNot both ofI knew that nothing would ever discourage him;he would never give up wanting to be a director.(摘自2011湖南高考单项填空)我知道没有什么能够阻碍他，他将永远不会放弃成为一名导演的想法。.用as if完成下列句子1I couldnt move my legs _(就好像是被粘在地板上似的)答案：as if they had been stuck to
36、the floor2She is a happygolucky girl _(似乎无忧无虑)答案：as if she has no worries and cares in the world.单项填空1He had lost his temper and his health in the war and never found _ of them again.Aneither BeitherCeach Dall解析：句意：战争中他发脾气且损害了健康；但现在两样都没有了。根据题干中的temper和health，可知设空处指的是两者，故排除D项；each指两者或两者以上的每个，不合句意；题干中
37、出现了never，故排除表否定的neither;never与either连用，表示全部否定，故为正确答案。答案：B2Which of the two computer games did you prefer?Actually I didnt like _.Aboth of them Beither of themCnone of them Dneither of them解析：本题考查部分否定与全部否定。“I didnt like either of them.”相当于“I liked neither of them.”，是完全否定，意为“我哪一个也不喜欢”。答案：B3Eliza remem
38、bers everything exactly as if it _ yesterday.Awas happening BhappensChas happened Dhappened解析：考查虚拟语气。句意：Eliza准确记得所有事情，就像发生在昨天一样。从句意看as if引导的状语从句与现在事实相反，故谓语动词用一般过去时。答案：D定语从句()单项填空1(2011全国卷)The prize will go to the writer _story shows the most imagination.Athat BwhichCwhose Dwhat解析：考查定语从句。先行词the write
39、r 与定语从句的主语story之间为所属关系，因此用关系代词whose 引导定语从句。答案：C2I think it was on the playground on _ we played basketball with some boys yesterday _ you lost your handbag.Athat；which Bwhich；thatCwhere；that Dthat；where解析：查定语从句与强调句型。第一空的先行词是playground，所以关系词要用which；后一空用that构成“It was.that”强调句型。答案：B3(2012吉林省部分重点中学检测)Wh
40、at does the notice say?All the storytellers should meet at the same hall _ won the first three prizes.Awhat BasCwho Dwhich解析：考查定语从句。根据句法，这是个分隔式定语从句，从句“_ won the first three prizes”缺少主语，先行词“All the storytellers”指人，所以用关系代词who或that，且不能省略。答案：C4(2011浙江金华六校联考)What is the governments new policy about?Every
41、one,whether in cities or in the countryside,_ income falls behind a certain level,can have access to stable benefits.Awhere BwhichCwhose Dof whom解析：考查定语从句。关系代词whose充当income的定语，修饰先行词everyone。答案：C5(2011山东高考)The old town has narrow streets and small houses _ are built close to each other.Athey BwhereCwhat Dthat解析：句意：这个古老的小镇拥有建造得彼此靠得很近的狭窄街道和小房子。本题考查定语从句。先行词是narrow streets and small houses，还原到从句中作主语，所以用关系代词that。A和C不能引导定语从句；B是关系副词，不能作主语。答案：D点击此图片进入