1、Unit 4 Global warming晨背15分钟填词并背记Refresh Our EnvironmentAs the director stated on behalf of his researching group,the data of this graph makes a clear presentation of the future environmental tendency.On one hand,the quantity of fuel keeps on decreasing by 9%per year while the growth of a wide range
2、of pollution has been a global trend.On the other hand,the mildlybut steadily going up of the average temperature is resulting in catastrophes like widespread floods.Without disagreement,they subscribe to the view that it is humans existence and their randomly consuming energy that result in this ph
3、enomenon.Many people have a commitment that developing nuclear power or energy from outer space will stop bad consequences coming about.However,scientists and educators are opposed to this view even if our needs may be met on the wholeThey tend to advocate refreshing our circumstances by saving ener
4、gy and recycling waste.It is suggested that we use energy-saving appliances such as electrical motors,microwaves and so on and not be casual about little things like recycling a can.So please glance around and see what you can do.So long aseverybody makes contributions,we will not have to put up wit
5、h this problem anymore.恢复环境生机正如那位主任代表他的研究小组所说明的那样，这张图表的数据清楚地描述了未来环境的趋势：一方面，燃料的数量以每年9%的速度持续减少，同时，大范围污染的增长已经成为一种全球趋势；另一方面，平均气温轻微却稳定地升高正在造成像广泛的洪涝那样的灾难。无不同意地，他们一致赞成是人类的存在和任意的消耗能源才造成了这一现象。许多人都信奉开发核能和外太空能源会防止糟糕的后果发生的理论。然而，即使这样可以基本上满足我们的需要，科学家和教育家们仍然反对这一观点。他们更倾向于拥护用节省能源和回收废料的方法恢复环境生机，并建议我们要使用节省能源的器具，如电力发动机
6、、微波炉等，还建议我们不要对如回收罐子这种小事漫不经心。因此，请看看你身边是否有你能做的事，只要每个人都作出贡献，我们就不必再忍受这个问题的困扰了。1(vt.)消费；消耗；耗尽；吃完(n.)消费者 (n.)消费；消耗量2(n.)现象(pl.)现象3(vi.)趋向；易于；照顾(vt.)照顾；护理(n.)倾向；趋势4(adj.)温和的；温柔的；淡的(adv.)温柔地；温和地consumeconsumerconsumptionphenomenonphenomenatendtendencymildmildly5(n.)结果；后果；影响(adj.)随后发生的；作为结果的(adv.)因此；所以6(vt.)
7、陈述；说明(n.)说明；陈述；声明7(adj.)平稳的；持续的；稳固的(adv.)平稳地；持续地8(n.)生存；存在(vi.)存在consequenceconsequentconsequentlystatestatementsteadysteadilyexistenceexist9(n.)污染；弄脏(vt.)弄脏；污染10(n.)增长；生长(v.)生长；增长；渐渐变得11(adj.)电的；与电有关的(n.)电；电能12(n.)贡献(v.)贡献；投稿13(n.)分歧；不一致(vi.)不同意；意见不合14quantities 大量的pollutionpollutepollutegrowelectr
8、icalelectricitycontributioncontributedisagreementdisagreeof重点知识30分钟quantity n.量；数量(P26)单句语法填空A large quantity of money (collect)to help those suffering from the floods.In the first place,vehicles send large quantities of poisonous gases which(be)a major source of air pollution.has been collectedare
9、(quantity)of food and tents were sent to earthquake-stricken areas from Shandong.Its cheaper to buy goods quantity.Quantities ina large/small quantity of 大量/少量的(large)of 大量的；许多的 quantity 大量地quantitiesin名师点津 a quantity of与quantities of这两个短语后均可接不可数名词或可数名词的复数形式。“a quantity of名词”作主语时，其谓语动词与名词保持数的一致；而“qu
10、antities of名词”作主语时，谓语动词总是用复数形式。oppose vt.反对；反抗；与(某人)较量(P27)(1)单句语法填空Much to our amazement,they came to conclusions completely(oppose)to ours.Many old men are opposed to (cut)down the 100-year-old tree for rebuilding the shopping centre.We live further down the opposite side of the road.opposite cutt
11、ing on(2)单句写作词汇升级高中生们坚决反对受到别人的不公正对待。a普通表达：The senior students being treated unfairly by others.b高级表达：The senior students strongly being treated unfairly by others.c高级表达：The senior students being treated unfairly by others.are strongly againstobject toare strongly opposed to(1)oppose()sth.反对(做)某事(2)a
12、dj.反对的；对立的be 反对(3)adj.相反的；对立的be 与相反在对面doingopposedopposed tooppositeopposite toon the opposite side of(4)prep.在对面.A 在 B 对面。名师点津(1)oppose 后跟表示动作的词作宾语时，动词要用动名词形式。be opposed to 结构中，to 是介词，其后也要用动词的-ing 形式。(2)表示反对的其他表达：disagree with,object to,be against 等。oppositeA is opposite Brange n.种类；范围；幅度；界限 v.(在一定
13、范围内)变动；排列(P27)(1)单句语法填空The show had a large audience,(range)from children to grandparents.ranging(2)单句写作旅馆的单人房间的价钱从每天 20 美元到 50 美元不等。The rate for a single room at the hotel 20 dollars 50 dollars a day.它们将介绍各种各样的写作风格，从诗歌到戏剧创作。They will include introductions to writing styles,from poetry to playwritin
14、g.ranges fromto a wide range of 开始时，这种工作我没经验做不了，但是后来通过向队友学习，我做成了。At first,this type of work was of experience,but finally I made it by learning from my teammates.beyond/out of my range(1)a wide range .范围广泛的；各种各样的in/range of sth.在可及的范围内；在视觉/听觉范围内/out of range of sth.超出的范围；在视觉/听觉范围之外/out of ones range
15、 超出了某人能承受的范围ofwithinbeyondbeyond(2)range .to.从到变动range .在和范围内变动frombetweenandglance vi.看一下；扫视 n.一瞥(P27)(1)单句语法填空She (glance)this way and that and looked very nervous.I only had time to glance the newspapers.glanced at(2)单句写作看到它的瞬间，我就被敦煌壁画吸引了。，I was attracted by the wall paintings of Dunhuang.At firs
16、t glance(1)glance/over/through 扫视；浏览；匆匆看一遍glance (光)从反射回来(2)乍一看，最初看到时 a glance(sb./sth.)(朝某人/某物)一瞥；匆匆看一眼atoffat first glancehave/takeataverage adj.平均的；普通的 n.平均水平；平均数 v.计算出的平均数；平均为(P29)(1)单句语法填空An average just 18.75 cm of rain fell last year,making it the driest year since California became a state i
17、n 1850.Susie studies hard and her schoolwork is well average.of above(2)单句写作平均来说，我每天花 2 小时读书。，I spend 2 hours reading every day.On average(1)an average 平均有(后跟数词)(2)average 平均来看；平均 average 在平均水平以上/以下ofonabove/belowadvocate vt.拥护；提倡；主张(P30)单句语法填空We advocate (solve)international disputes by negotiation
18、s,instead of appealing to arms.Mr Williams is a dietary expert,(advocate)more exercise and a good diet are the key to a healthy life.solving advocating Animal activists advocate that the government (set)up a special organization to protect these migrating birds.(should)setadvocate sth.主张/提倡advocate
19、sth.主张/提倡做某事advocate that.主张，从句有时用虚拟语气，谓语动词形式为“()”doingshould动词原形come about 发生，产生(P26)(1)用 come 相关短语的适当形式填空When the exam results，Jack left as usual.The subject during a pre-dinner drink with our guests.I never remember having a man like that.Tony a new idea for increasing sales.came out came upcome
20、acrosscame up with 我真不明白这么短的路程你怎么会迟到一个小时。Ill never understand you were an hour late on such a short journey.当谈及帮妻子做家务活这件事的时候，他从来不抱怨。He never complains his wife with the housework.how it came about that when it comes to helpingHow did itcome about that.？是怎样发生的？come across偶遇 come into being形成；产生；出现 co
21、me into power上台执政；当权 come into effect生效 come out出版；结果是 come up被提及；发芽；(困难)出现 come up with提出；想出 when it comes to.当谈到时 come on跟着来；口快点；加油 come to总计；归纳为 名师点津 come about,happen,take place 和 break out 这四个表示“发生”的词语，都是不及物动词(短语)，不可用于被动语态。result in 导致(P26)用 result 相关短语的适当形式填空Its said that his lameness an accid
22、ent.The boom in building has the local land being more valuable now for houses.All singers are united.，their performance was successful.resulted from resulted inAs a result your carelessness,the whole project should be put off at least one month.As a result ofresult 起因于；由造成结果(作状语，常置于句首，并用逗号和后面句子隔开)由
23、于的原因 result 没有结果；白费fromas a resultas a result ofwithoutput up with 忍受；容忍(P30)用 put 相关短语的适当形式填空He decided that he would drive back to town instead of for the night at the hotel.Mary is really good at taking notes in class.She can almost every word her teacher says.putting up put down Im not going to
24、their smoking any longer.A suggestion has been that we should recycle the textbooks.We are trying to some money every month for our vacation.put up with put forwardput aside名师点津 表示“忍受；容忍”的词语还有：stand,tolerate,bear 等。It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using itif not,turn i
25、t off！(P30)用 as.as 相关短语的适当形式填空These animals typically live between the surface of the ocean and a depthof about 3,300 feet most light cant reach.Electric energy can be changed into light energy into sound energy.as far asas well as She trained hard for the race,sometimes running 60 miles a week.You
26、can borrow my car you promise not to drive too fast.I am concerned,I am strongly against the plan.A distant relative is not a near neighbour.as many asas long asAs far asas good asas/so long as 引导条件状语从句，相当于 on condition that,provided that或 if(只要，如果)。此外，as long as 还可表示“与一样长”。(1)as as 一直到；在范围内；就而言。(2)
27、as as“多达”“达到之多”，与可数名词复数连用。(3)as as“多达”“达到之多”，与不可数名词连用。farmanymuch(4)as as“一就”，引导时间状语从句。(5)as as 也，还；除之外还。(6)as as 和一样好；几乎，差不多。soonwellgood课文语法填空5分钟There is no doubt that it is human activity 1 has caused this global warming rather than 2 random but natural phenomenon.All scientists subscribe 3 the v
28、iew that the increase in the earths temperature is due to the burning of fossil fuels.The“greenhouse effect”begins 4 we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere and more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere 5 (cause)the global temperature to go up.The burning of m
29、ore and more fossil fuels has resulted 6 the increase in carbon dioxide.7，the attitudes of scientists are different.Some think that the trend would be a catastrophe.But some are opposed to this view 8 they predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental 9(consequent).Even though we
30、have taken some measures,the climate is going to keep on warming for decades 10 centuries.1 2.3.4.5.6 7.8.9.10.that ato when causing in However and consequences orit is/was.that.强调句式：可强调除了谓语之外的任何成分；当强调“人”时，用 that 或 who 均可；判断依据为：将 it is/was 和 that 同时去掉，并适当调整语序，如果句意通顺、成分完整，即为强调句式，否则，则为其他句式。even ifeven
31、 though 引导让步状语从句，意为“即使；纵使”。让步状语从句还可用以下连接词引导：用 while 引导让步状语从句需置于句首，意为“尽管；虽然”。用 whether.or.引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论还是”。用 whatever,whoever,however,whenever,wherever等引导让步状语从句，意思是“不管/无论什么/谁/怎样/何时/哪里”。用 as/though/although 引导让步状语从句，意为“虽然；尽管”。用 as 引导时，从句必须倒装；用 though 时，从句可倒装也可不倒装；用 although 时，从句不倒装。随堂检测10分钟.单句语法填
32、空1On the other hand,the cost of everything from housing to education has risen (steady)in recent decades.2The authorities no longer subscribe the view that disabled people are unsuitable as teachers.3Im not opposed to (upload)a hundred pictures at a time of my recent travels into albums on Facebook.
33、steadilytouploading4Quantities of money (spend)in bringing up the children since they were married.5The water recreation centre provides a variety of activities,(range)from swimming to diving.6Pleasant music is often played between classes to make students (refresh)and relaxed for a while.have been
34、spentrangingrefreshed7Population aging is one of the worlds population development (tend).8He had been ill for a long time and (consequence)he was behind in his work.9We should do our work well to make (contribute)to our future,our society and our nation.10Some experts think that pollution poses a t
35、hreat to the continued (exist)of this species.tendenciesconsequentlycontributionsexistence.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1随着工业的发展，产生了越来越多的温室气体，地球在逐渐变暖。(greenhouse gases)答案：With the development of industry,more and more greenhouse gases are produced and the earth is becoming warmer.2结果，海平面在上升，致使许多沿海城市和动物的栖息地处于危险中。(h
36、abitat)答案：As a consequence,the sea level is rising,which puts many coastal cities and animal habitats in danger.3全球变暖已经对人类和动物构成严峻的挑战，因此，到了我们采取措施应对这一挑战的时候了。(it is high time)答案：Global warming has become a serious challenge to mankind and animals,so it is high time that we took/should take measures to
37、deal with it.4只有我们停止这种粗暴对待环境的方式，我们才能和环境和谐相处。(roughly)答案：Only by stopping treating the environment roughly can we live in harmony with it.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范 答案：With the development of industry,more and more greenhouse gases are produced and the earth is becoming warmer.As a consequence,the sea
38、level is rising,which puts many coastal cities and animal habitats in danger.Global warming has become a serious challenge to mankind and animals,so it is high time that we took/should take measures to deal with it.Only by stopping treating the environment roughly can we live in harmony with it.单元拓能
39、训练单元话题写作应用文(2016全国卷)假定你是李华，你校摄影俱乐部(photography club)将举办国际中学生摄影展。请给你的英国朋友 Peter 写封信，请他提供作品。信的内容包括：1主题：环境保护；2展览时间；3投稿邮箱：。注意：1.词数 100 左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。精彩范文Dear Peter，Our school photography club is going to hold an International High School Student Photography Show.The theme of the show is environmen
40、tal protection.It will start from June 15th and last for three weeks.Any student who is interested in it is welcome to participate.I know you take good pictures and youve always wanted to do something for environmental protection.I remember you showed me some photos on that theme the last time you v
41、isited our school.This is surely a good chance for more people to see them.If you want to join,you can send your photos to intlphotoshow .Hope to hear from you soon.Yours，Li Hua课时作业.阅读A(2020山西省祁县中学高三月考)College students may find a greener campus when they return to classes this fall.Some schools are
42、repairing older buildings and constructing new ones that are better for the environment.Other steps include adding wind and solar energy systems and planting vegetable gardens.George Washington University(GW)is a private school with 200,000 students.The university has two gardens where students volu
43、nteer their time.Over the last ten years GW has developed projects in three main areasclimate,water and eco-systems.They have begun to create projects on the ground to address climate change.They are planning on becoming carbon-neutral(平衡的)and,in fact,reducing the footprint by forty percent by 2025,
44、from creating solar hot-water systems on our rooftops to making our buildings much more energy efficient.The school also offers 140 different classes in sustainability(可持续性发展)and the environment.Mark Orlouski said,“We see numbers like less than 20%of school having a green building policy five years
45、ago and now upwards of 80%of schools having a policy,which states that their new buildings will be built in a green fashion.”GW is located in the Foggy Bottom neighborhood of Washington.Some neighbors say that while GW is laying to be friendlier to the environment,it could also be a better friend to
46、 the neighborhood.The school has expanded quickly and there have been tensions between students and local residents.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了乔治华盛顿大学的绿色校园环保政策及计划。1The greener campus project aims majorly at .Awelcoming students in the new termBrepairing and constructing buildingsCadding wind and solar ene
47、rgy systemsDmaking schools environmentally friendly答 案：D 细 节 理 解 题。根 据 文 章 第 一 段 中 的“better for theenvironment”可知，绿色校园计划是为了使校园更环保。A 项文中未提及，B、C 两项是具体做法。故选 D。2What do the underlined words“the footprint”in Paragraph 3 refer to?AThe climate change.BThe quantity of water.CThe production of carbon.DThe ma
48、in areas of the project.答案：B 词义猜测题。根据下文提到的“solar hot-water systems”可知，the footprint 指的是水量。故选 B。3What can be inferred from Paragraph 5?AGreen efforts have already brought in benefits.BHigh school students prefer choosing a greener college.CGreen building policies attract more high school students.DCo
49、lleges are making efforts to meet the needs of students.答案：C 推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“The school has expanded quickly and there have been tensions between students and local residents.”可知，绿色校园政策让学校发展得很快，从而可以推断出，绿色校园环保政策吸引更多的高中生。故选 C。4Which one of the problems is GW now facing?AIt hasnt been so friendly to it
50、s neighbors.BThere have been no green building policies.CRainwater collecting costs too much money.DThe students are making too many efforts.答案：A 推理判断题。根据文章第五段中的“The school has expanded quickly and there have been tensions between students and local residents.”可知，学校迅速发展造成了学生与当地居民的关系紧张，从而可以推断出，学校的发展导
51、致学校与当地居民关系不太友好。故选 A。【词汇积累】construct v.建筑；修建；建造 address v.设法解决；处理 energy efficient 节能【佳句背诵】Some neighbors say that while GW is laying to be friendlier to the environment,it could also be a better friend to the neighborhood.一些邻居说，在乔治华盛顿大学设法对环境更友好时，它也可以成为邻居更好的朋友。B(2020河南省平顶山市高三阶段性检测)The worlds oceans w
52、ill likely lose about one-sixth of their fish and other creatures within 100 years if climate change continues on its current path.Every degree Celsius that the worlds oceans warm,their biomass is expected to drop five percent,a study found.The study predicts that if there is no change in the rate o
53、f worldwide greenhouse gas production,there will be a 17-percent loss of biomass by the year 2100.But,if the world reduces carbon pollution,biomass losses could be limited to only about 5 percent.Warming temperatures are the biggest issue.But climate change also produces oceans that are more acidic
54、and have less oxygen.This also harms sea life.Much of the world depends on the oceans for food or work.The findings make sense and the possible effects of the predicted losses of animal life are huge.“Climate change has the potential to cause serious new conflicts over ocean resource use as the huma
55、n population continues to grow，”said scientists.Marine biologist Boris Worm,who helped run the study,added that the“building blocks of marine lifeplankton and bacteriamay decline less heavily.”“Those marine animals that we use directly,and care about most deeply,are predicted to suffer the most，”sai
56、d Worm.He works at Canadas Dalehousie University.Scientists had already believed climate change would likely reduce future ocean life.But past computer-based studies looked at only part of the picture or used only one model.The latest study used six different computer models to give the best picture
57、 look yet,William Cheung said.University of Georgia marine biologist Samantha Joye was not part of the research.But she praised the study as well researched and extremely detailed,and called it“an urgent call for action”.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章谈论的是气候变暖对海洋生物影响的话题。研究发现，如果气候变化继续以目前的速度发展，100 年内，世界海洋可能会失去大约六分之一
58、的鱼类和其他生物。5What does the underlined word“biomass”in Paragraph 1 refer to?AOcean temperature.BTotal marine life.CSea condition.DOcean level.答案：B 词义猜测题。根据前面的“The worlds oceans will likely lose about one-sixth of their fish and other creatures.current path.”可知，如果气候变化继续以目前的速度发展，100 年内，世界海洋可能会失去大约六分之一的鱼类和
59、其他生物。biomass 指的是海洋生物的总量。故选 B。6Why do scientists think that climate change might cause conflicts?AIt may reduce the sea resource.BIt leads to the extinction of marine life.CIt pollutes the environment of the ocean.DIt may increase the world population.答案：A 推理判断题。根据第四段中“Climate change has the potentia
60、l to cause serious new conflicts over ocean resource use as the human population continues to grow(随着人口的持续增长，气候变化有可能在海洋资源利用方面 引 发 严 重 的 新 冲 突)”以 及 第 五 段 中“building blocks of marine lifeplankton and bacteriamay decline less heavily(海洋生物的组成部分浮游生物和细菌可能减少得不那么严重)”可知，科学家认为，气候变暖使海洋资源减少，人口持续增多，导致人类为争夺海洋资源而引
61、发严重的新冲突。故选 A。7Which sea animals will be harmed the worst by sea warming?AThe largest ones.BThe ones in deep oceans.CThe bacteria on sea surface.DThose we humans need most.答案：D 细节理解题。根据第六段第一句中的“Those marine animals that we use directly,and care about most deeply,are predicted to suffer the most.(那些我们
62、直接使用和最关心的海洋动物，预计将遭受最严重的损失。)”可知，那些我们人类最需要的海洋动物，预计将遭受最严重的伤害。故选 D。8What makes this study different from previous studies according to William Cheung?APurpose of the study on oceans.BComputers used in the research.CImprovement of research methods.DDiscovery of damage of climate change.答案：C 细节理解题。根据第七段最后
63、一句“The latest study used six different computer models to give the best picture look yet,William Cheung said.(WilliamCheung 说，这项最新的研究使用了六种不同的电脑模型来呈现最佳画面。)”可知，此人说，最新的研究使用了 6 种不同的电脑模型，以获得迄今为止最好的图像效果。与以往研究不同的是研究方法的改进。故选 C。【词汇积累】acidic adj.酸性的 marine adj.海的；海产的；海生的 make sense 有意义；讲得通；言之有理【佳句背诵】Much of t
64、he world depends on the oceans for food or work.世界上许多地方依赖海洋提供食物或工作。C(2019浙江高考)California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s,according to a study to be published Tuesday and climate change seems to be a major factor(因素).The number of trees larger than two feet across has declined by 50 perce
65、nt on more than 46,000 square miles of California forests,the new study finds.No area was spared or unaffected,from the foggy northern coast to the Sierra Nevada Mountains to the San Gabriels above Los Angeles.In the Sierra high country,the number of big trees has fallen by more than 55 percent;in p
66、arts of southern California the decline was nearly 75 percent.Many factors contributed to the decline,said Patrick McIntyre,an ecologist who was the lead author of the study.Woodcutters targeted big trees.Housing development pushed into the woods.Aggressive wildfire control has left California fores
67、ts crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).But in comparing a study of California forests done in the 1920s and 1930s with another one between 2001 and 2010,McIntyre and his colleagues documented a widespread death of big trees that was evident even in wildlands protec
68、ted from woodcutting or development.The loss of big trees was greatest in areas where trees had suffered the greatest water shortage.The researchers figured out water stress with a computer model that calculated how much water trees were getting in comparison with how much they needed,taking into ac
69、count such things as rainfall,air temperature,dampness of soil,and the timing of snowmelt(融雪).Since the 1930s,McIntyre said,the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures,which cause trees to lose more water to the air,and earlier snowmelt,which reduces the wa
70、ter supply available to trees during the dry season.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要表明，加利福尼亚州的大树变少了，而气候变化是其中的一个主要因素。9What is the second paragraph mainly about?AThe seriousness of big-tree loss in California.BThe increasing variety of California big trees.CThe distribution of big trees in California forests.DThe i
71、nfluence of farming on big trees in California.答案：A 主旨大意题。第二段中通过列举一系列数字表明，加利福尼亚州的大树减少的严重性，故 A 项正确。10Which of the following is well-intentioned but may be bad for big trees?AEcological studies of forests.BBanning woodcutting.CLimiting housing development.DFire control measures.答案：D 推理判断题。文章第三段提到了造成加利
72、福尼亚州的大树减少的三个因素：woodcutters，housing development 与 aggressive wildfire control。前两个因素直接与大树的减少有关，如果能控制住，大树就不会减少；而第三个因素控制野火的措施使得加利福尼亚州的森林里满是跟大树争夺资源的小树，初衷是为了控制野火，但实则对大树不利，故 D 项正确。11What is a major cause of the water shortage according to McIntyre?AInadequate snowmelt.BA longer dry season.CA warmer climate
73、.DDampness of the air.答案：C 细节理解题。根据文章最后一段中的“.the biggest factors driving up water stress in the state have been rising temperatures.”可知，水资源不足的主要原因就是气温升高，即更加温暖的气候，故 C 项正确。12What can be a suitable title for the text?ACalifornias Forests：Where Have All the Big Trees Gone?BCutting of Big Trees to Be Pro
74、hibited in California SoonCWhy Are the Big Trees Important to California Forests?DPatrick McIntyre:Grow More Big Trees in California答案：A 标题判断题。本文是一篇说明文，第一段就点出主题：California has lost half its big trees since the 1930s。后面具体分析了加利福尼亚州大树的现状、造成大树减少的原因等，故 A 项正确。【词汇积累】ecologist n.生态学家 aggressive adj.声势浩大的；富于
75、攻击性的 wildland n.荒地；林野 take into account 考虑【长难句分析】Aggressive wildfire control has left California forests crowded with small trees that compete with big trees for resources(资源).积极控制野火使得加州的森林里挤满了与大树争夺资源的小树。分析：此句是主从复合句。Aggressive wildfire control has left California是“主谓宾”，crowded with small trees that
76、compete with big trees for resources 是过去分词短语作宾语补足语，在此短语中 that compete with big trees for resources 是定语从句修饰 small trees。.语法填空(2020南昌市重点中学高三年级段考试题)Power walking is a style of walking performed at a rapid,energetic pace.There is no special 1(require)for you to start except a pair of comfortable walking
77、 shoes,and love for fresh outdoor air.Power walking offers many benefits.Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph 2(burn)around 300 calories per hour.3 (consequent),power walking,in addition to a healthy diet,helps manage your weight.Also,power walking decreases the risks of serious 4 (disease)like high blo
78、od pressure,heart attack and certain types of cancers.Power walking helps reduce the stress associated with daytoday living,5 (remove)yourself from the busy home atmosphere or 6 (stress)office environment for power walking can leave you refreshed and energetic.Power walking uses both upper and lower
79、 body strength,7 results in stronger muscles and bones.And 8 (improve)body condition makes 9 easy for you to carry out daily tasks.Power walking can transport you to your destination.You not just avoid the need for a car 10 save money on gas as well.If the family dog needs a walk and you need a work
80、out,power walking is a convenient way to do both at the same time.This activity fits all different lifestyles.1 2.3.4.5 6.7.8.9 10.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。快走是一种以快速、充满活力的步速进行的散步。快走有诸多好处，包括控制体重、减少疾病、减少生活压力、强身健体等。requirement burns Consequently diseases removing stressful which improved it but 1考查词性转换。设空处前的 speci
81、al 是形容词，作定语，修饰名词，且此处为 there be 句型，be 动词为 is，故填名词单数 requirement“所需的东西”。2考查主谓一致和动词的时态。Walking at a quick pace of 4 mph 是动名词短语作主语，谓语动词要用单数形式；本句讲述的是客观情况，所以用一般现在时，故填 burns。3考查词性转换。分析句子成分可知，设空处放在句首，修饰整个句子，作状语，应用其副词形式。4考查名词。根据设空处后的“like high blood pressure.cancers”可知，设空处表示各种各样的疾病，故用名词的复数形式。5考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可
82、知，remove 和句子主语 Power walking 为逻辑上的主谓关系，故填现在分词 removing。6考查词性转换。设空处作定语，修饰后面的名词词组 office environment，故填形容词 stressful“充满压力的，紧张的”。7考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词为前面整个主句，设空处在从句中作主语，故填 which。8考查非谓语动词。设空处修饰名词词组 body condition(身体状况)，此处用过去分词 improved 作定语，表示“已改善的”。9考查代词。分析句子结构可知，设空处应用 it 作形式宾语，句中形容词作宾语补足语，后面的不定式是真正的宾语。10考查固定用法。not just/only.but(also)是固定用法，意思是“不但而且”。本课结束