1、Festivals around the worldUnit 1第一课时 Warming up&ReadingUnit 1课堂要点探究 2课堂达标验收 3课前新知预习 1课 时 作 业 4课前新知预习.单词速记 1_(n.&vt.&vi.)收获；收割 2_(v.)(使)饿死；饿得要死 3_(adj.)宗教上的；信奉宗教的 4_(n.)信任；信心；信仰 5_(vt.)获得；得到 6_(vt.&vi.&n)搜集；集合；聚集 7_(n.)奖；奖品(vt.)授予；判定 8_(vt.)钦佩；赞美；羡慕 9_(n.)美；美人_(adj.)美丽的，美好的beautify(v.)美化harveststarve
2、religiousbeliefgaingatherawardadmirebeautybeautiful 10_(n.)庆祝；祝贺celebrate(v.)庆祝；祝贺 11independence(n.)独立；自主_(adj.)独立的；自主的 12_(n.)农业；农艺；农学agricultural(adj.)农业的；农艺的 13_(adj.)充满活力的；精力充沛的；积极的energy(n.)能量；精力；活力celebrationindependentagricultureenergetic.短语互译 1take place _ 2in memory of _ 3dress up _ 4play
3、a trick on _ 5期望；期待 _ 6日夜，昼夜 _ 7好像 _ 8玩得开心 _发生纪念；追念盛装；打扮；装饰搞恶作剧，开玩笑look forward today and nightas thoughhave fun with.完成句子 1讨论它们是什么时间举行，庆祝什么，那个时候人们在做什么。Discuss _，_ and what people do at that time.(when，what引导宾语从句)2有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。Some festivals are held to honou
4、r the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，who might return _.(either.or.要么要么；或者或者)3在这个重要的节庆日子里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。On this important feast day，people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes_.(with宾语宾语补足语)答案：1.when they take place;what they celebrate 2.either to help or to do harm 3.with“bones”o
5、n them.课文理解 Step 1 Fast Reading Scan the passage and then choose the best answers according to the passage.1.Most ancient festivals were held in order to_.Acelebrate the end of cold weather Bcelebrate harvest in autumn Ccelebrate planting in spring Dall of the above 2In which country do people celeb
6、rate the Day of the Dead in early November?AJapan.BMexico.CAmerica.DIndia.3.What is Columbus Day in the USA for?AIn memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World.BIn order to satisfy their ancestors.CIn order to offer food,flowers and gifts to the dead.DIn order to celebrate the ret
7、urn of Jesus from the dead.4.The biggest difference between the Chinese Spring Festival and Easter in Christian countries lies in _ functions.Acultural Bpolitical Creligious Deducational 5Which of the following festivals is to honour the dead?AObon.BMidAutumn Festival.CEaster.DCherry Blossom Festiva
8、l.Step 2 Careful Reading 1Read the passage and write down the main idea of it.The text mainly tells us about some of todays festivals.There are three kinds of festival.Some are _，some are _ and some are for_.2What is one important reason for us to have festivals and celebrations?_ Step 3 课文内容语法填空 Th
9、ere are all kinds of festivals throughout the world.Festivals are held _1_(satisfy)and please the ancestors,to honour some famous people or important events,and to express peoples _2_(grateful)to the God _3_brings them a year of plenty.For example,Japanese observe Obon,_4_ people go to clean the gra
10、ves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.In India,October 2 is _5_ national festival to honour Mahatma Gandhi who helped India become an _6_(depend)country.And in China the Spring Festival,which _7_(celebrate)in January or February,is the most _8_(energy)and important because it is a festi
11、val that looks forward to the coming of spring.Why are all these festivals everywhere?Because _9_ the festivals,people can get together to eat,drink and have fun with each other,_10_ forget all the daily struggle and demands for a while.Step 4 Discussion Should we,Chinese students,celebrate Western
12、festivals like Christmas?Why or why not?_ 答案：Step 1 15 DBACA Step 2 1.religious;seasonal;special people or events 2We can enjoy life/be proud of our customs/forget our work for a little while.Step 3 1.to satisfy 2.gratitude 3.who 4.when 5.the 6.independent 7.is celebrated 8.energetic 9.on 10.and Ste
13、p 4 Yes.We can share our happiness with each other and increase mutual understanding by celebrating western festivals.Meanwhile,we can learn more about western culture.课堂要点探究 1.mean(1)v.a意欲；打算 I meant to go there yesterday.我原打算昨天去那儿的。What did she mean by leaving so early?她为什么这么早就走了？b意味着；产生的结果 Missin
14、g the flight means waiting for another three hours.错过这趟航班意味着要再等3个小时。c对某人重要(或有价值)Your friendship means a lot to me.你的友谊对我来说是很珍贵的。d意思是；本意是 You mean we have to start all over again?你是不是说我们必须从头再来一遍？What does this sentence mean?这个句子是什么意思？(2)adj.吝啬的；卑鄙的 Shes always been mean with money.她在花钱方面总是很吝啬。Dont be
15、 so mean to your little brother!别对你弟弟那么刻薄！归纳拓展 mean to do sth.打算做某事 mean sb.to do sth.打算让某人做某事 meanthatclause打算 be meant to be sth.被普遍认为是 meann./pron./v.ing表示意思，意味着 What do you mean by.？你说/做是什么意思？活学活用 语法单句填空。I should say sorry to you but I didnt mean _(cause)trouble.答案：to cause mean to do sth.意为“打算做
16、”，而mean doing sth.意为“意味着做”。从前半句的意思推断but后的意思，可以看出“我不是故意要惹麻烦”，即“不打算惹麻烦”。2celebrate v庆祝；颂扬；赞美，歌颂 Tomorrow is his birthday,so were going to celebrate it.明天是他的生日，所以我们打算庆祝一番。It is a poem that celebrates the joys of friendship.这是一首赞颂友谊之欢乐的诗歌。易混辨析celebrate后接物，如仪式、典礼、生日等，指庆祝令人欢乐的事情或日子We celebrated New Year w
17、ith a party.我们举行聚会庆祝新年。congratulate后接人，表示“祝贺某人(做)某事”用congratulate sb.on sth./doing sth.We congratulated him on having passed the examination.我们祝贺他通过了考试。名师点拨 celebration n庆祝，祝贺 celebrity n名声；名人 celebrated adj.著名的 活学活用 选词填空(celebrate/congratulate)。The three sisters decided to hold a family party to _
18、their parents silver wedding.Americans of all religions _ Thanksgiving,a happy holiday on the fourth Thursday of each November.You can _yourself on having done an excellent job.答案：celebrate celebrate congratulate 3starve(1)v.(使人)挨饿，饿死 Shes starving herself to try to lose weight.她正在用节食的方法减轻体重。These a
19、nimals will starve to death if not given food soon.这些动物不赶快喂些食物就会饿死。(2)v.缺乏的；急需的 Shes lonely,and starving for friendship.她很寂寞，渴望友谊。The patients are starved of/starving formedicine.这些病人急需用药。归纳拓展(1)starve to death 饿死 starve for sth.渴望获得某物；缺乏 starve to do sth.渴望做某事(2)starvation n.饿死 starvation wages 不够维
20、持基本生活的工资 名师点拨 long for sth.渴望某物 long to do sth.渴望做某事 be eager for sth.渴望某物 be eager to do sth.渴望做某事 be dying for sth.渴望某物 be dying to do sth.渴望做某事 活学活用 完成句子。They would rather _ give way to the enemy.他们宁愿饿死也不向敌人妥协。They _ the experience of practical work.他们迫切需要实际工作的经验。答案：starve than starve for 4belief
21、 n.信任；信心；信仰 More and more people have much belief in doctors of traditional Chinese medicine.越来越多的人信任中医。I think he failed for lack of belief in himself.我认为他由于缺乏自信而失败。She is a woman with strong religious beliefs.她是一个有强烈宗教信仰的妇女。归纳拓展(1)have belief in 相信；对有信心 beyond belief 不可信；难以置信 in the beliefthat从句 相
22、信(2)believe vt.相信；认为；猜想 believe in 相信的存在；信任；信赖 believe it or not 信不信由你 His story is beyond belief.他的故事令人难以置信。He came to me in the belief that I could help him.他到我这里来，因为相信我能帮助他。I can believe him,but I cannot believe inhim.我可以信其言，但不能信其人。活学活用 根据提示完成句子。I_his honesty.(belief)我不太相信他的诚实。He did it _ he was
23、right.(belief)他这么做是因为他坚信自己是对的。Some of the reports about him _.(belief)有关他的一些传闻叫人难以相信。_，the famous singer will come to our town to give performances soon.(believe)信不信由你，那位著名歌手很快会来我们的小镇进行表演。答案：havent much belief in in the belief that are beyond belief Believe it or not 5gain(a)vt.获得；得到；获益 Zou Shiming
24、wanted to gain a world professional boxing title.邹市明想获得一个世界级的专业拳击头衔。You can only gain by further study.只有更进一步地学习，你才能提高。During the Spring Festival，she gained much weight.春节期间，她体重增加了很多。(b)n.获益 He only seems to be interested in personal gain.他似乎只在乎个人的收益。归纳拓展(1)gain sth.获得某物 gain by/from.从获益 gain weight
25、put on weight增加体重(2)No pains，no gains.不劳无获。活学活用 完成句子。They _ this experiment.在这次实验中，他们收获很大。In the 1970s her works began to_.在二十世纪七十年代，她的作品开始赢得国际名誉。Increase of wealth is _ to ones happiness.财富的增加并非总是幸福的增加。答案：gained greatly from gain international fame not always a gain 6gather vt.&vi.搜集；集合；聚集 People a
26、re grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over.人们都心怀感激，因为他们过冬的粮食被收集起来了，而且农活结束了。Well gather at the StudentsClub at 8 pm.this Friday,after the evening classes.这个周五的晚上8点，晚课之后我们将在学生俱乐部集合。She has mainly gathered her medical experience from practice.她主要是从实践中积累了
27、医疗经验。With their help，we were able to gather inthe summer crops in time.通过他们的帮助，我们才能够及时做好了夏粮入仓。归纳拓展 gather from从收获 gather in收，收贮；聚拢 gather round/around围拢 名师点拨(1)gather有“聚集在一起”的含义，不与together连用。(2)表示“两个人聚在一起”时不能用gather，应用get together。易混辨析gather普通用语，指把分散的东西集中在一起，主要目的是使用，如收集庄稼、树叶、花草等collect 常指精心地、有目的地、按一
28、定要求进行有选择性地收集 活学活用 判断正误(T/F)。两个朋友最终聚集到一起。The two friends gathered together.()The two friends got together.()根据句意填入恰当的介、副词。They all gathered _ the student whose mother was ill in hospital.他们都围拢在那个母亲生病住院的学生周围。Mother had gathered _ all washed clothes before it rained.妈妈刚把所有洗的衣服收起来就下雨了。I could gather not
29、hing _ their statement.从他们的声明中我了解不到任何东西。答案：F T round in from 7award(1)n奖；奖品；奖状；奖金 Mo Yan received a great award given by the Nobel Prize Committee.莫言获得了诺贝尔奖委员会颁发的大奖。(2)vt.授予；奖励；判给；颁奖，授奖 She was awarded a medal for bravery.她因勇敢而获得奖章。They awarded John the first prize.他们授予约翰一等奖。归纳拓展(1)win/receive an aw
30、ard/awards赢得/得到奖励(2)award sb.for sth.因某事奖励某人 award sb.sth./award sth.to sb.授予某人某物 易混辨析名词动词award奖品，奖金授予，颁发award sb.sth.award sth.to sb.reward奖金或一些非金钱的报酬，in reward for作为对的回报给予报酬，指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏。reward sb.for sth.因某事而奖励某人 活学活用 根据句意用award的适当词性填空。She was accepted by the famous university，where she
31、 _ a medical degree.她被一所有名的大学录取，在那里她被授予了医学学位。The company received _ for various reasons.这家公司因各种理由而得到奖赏。句型转换。They awarded the winner the first prize.They _ the winner.他们授予胜出者一等奖。语法填空。Everyone who reached the top of Mount Tai _(reward)with a magnificent view.答案：was awarded awards awarded the first pri
32、ze to was rewarded 句意：任何一个登上泰山之巅的人，都会欣赏到壮丽的风景。be rewarded with sth.受到的报酬。由定语从句中reached可知，用一般过去时。8admire vt.赞美；钦佩；羡慕 China and Japan have midautumn festivals，when people admire the moon and in China，enjoy mooncakes.中国和日本都有中秋节，这时人们会赏月，在中国人们还品尝月饼。Having been an immigrant(移民)myself,I admire people who g
33、o overseas to find a job.作为一名移民，我很羡慕那些去海外寻找工作的人们。归纳拓展(1)admire sb.for sth.因某事而钦佩某人(2)admiration n钦佩；羡慕 with/in admiration钦佩地 express/have admiration for sb.钦佩某人(3)admirer n赞赏者；羡慕者；追求者 巧学助记 情景巧记admire The admirers admired their idol for his excellent painting,which they enjoyed with/in admiration，and
34、 because of having admiration for him，they often sent emails to him.这些羡慕者因他的出色的油画而钦佩他们的偶像。他们带着钦佩之情欣赏他的油画。因为钦佩他，他们经常给他发邮件。名师点拨 admire后不可接that从句作宾语或双宾语。误She admired him his poems.正She admired his poems.正She admired him for his poems.活学活用 一句多译。我对他所做的事情很钦佩。I _ him _ what he has done.I _ _ _ what he has
35、done.判断正误(T/F)。我们都羡慕他的知识渊博。We all admire him his learning.()We all admire him for his learning.()语法填空。I really admire you _ your way of making decisions.答案：admire;for have admiration for F T for admire sb.for sth.因某事羡慕某人。句意：我真的很羡慕你做决定的方式。9.take place发生；举行 Discuss when they take_place，what they celeb
36、rate and what people do at that time.讨论它们是什么时间举行，庆祝什么，那个时候人们在做什么。An important period of economical development took_place in this country during the 19th century.19世纪是这个国家经济发展的一个重要时期。名师点拨 与众不同的“发生”take place相当于不及物动词，其后不能接宾语，也不能用于被动结构，但是有完成时态。归纳拓展 take the place of代替某人，接替某人的位置 take ones place就位，就席，就座
37、；替代某人 in place of(in ones place)替代，顶替 in place在适当的位置 Robson came on in place of Wilkins ten minutes before the end of the game.比赛结束前十分钟罗布森上场替代威尔金斯。易混辨析take place发生、举行、举办一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”，即这种事件的发生一定有某种原因或是事先的安排happen发生、碰巧做一般用于偶然或突发性事件break out发生、爆发常指战争、灾难、疾病或者争吵等事件的发生，也可以表示突然大声叫喊等 活学活用 选词填空(take place/h
38、appen/break out/occur/come about)。When the gathering_，he_ to pass by and a new ide a_ to him that he should attend it.Suddenly，a quarrel_and he wondered how it_.完成句子。这所学校在过去的三年中发生了巨大的变化。_ in the school over the past three years.语法填空。Sam has been appointed manager of the engineering department to tak
39、e _ place of George.答案：took place;happened；occurred；broke out；came about Great changes have taken place the 考查冠词用法。take the place of“代替”。10do harm(to sb/sth)(对某人或某物)有害 Modern farming methods have done great harm to the countryside.现代的农业对农村造成了极大的损害。Did the storm do any harm to the crop?风暴损害庄稼了没有？归纳拓展
40、(1)do more harm than good 弊大于利 If we solve the problem in this way,it may do more harm than good.如果我们以这种方式处理问题，那可能弊大于利。(2)be harmful to sb./sth.对有害处 Smoking can be harmful to your health.吸烟对身体有害。(3)do good to sb.do sb.good 对某人有好处；有益于某人 Eat more apples；it will do you good.多吃苹果，对你有益。(4)do wrong to sb.
41、do sb.wrong 冤枉某人；冤屈某人 Youve been done wrong,but I can see they are truly sorry about it.你被冤枉了，不过我能看得出他们对这件事感到后悔。活学活用 完成句子。He may look fierce,but he _(无恶意)The accident could have been much worse;luckily _(没造成伤害)The treatment they gave him _(使他的病更重了)答案：means no harm no harm was done did him more harm
42、than good 11in memory of纪念；追念 For the Japanese festival Obon，people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓，烧香，以缅怀他们的祖先。Peter died in 1984，and a sculpture was placed near the bridge in memory of its builder.彼得去世于1984年，(人们)在这座桥边树立起了一座雕塑来纪念这座桥的建造者。归纳拓展 i
43、n charge of 负责；掌管 in praise of 称赞；歌颂 in case of 万一 in search of 寻找 in favor of 赞同；支持 in need of 有的需要 in honor of 为纪念；为了向表示敬意 in place of 代替 in support of 支持；拥护 in possession of 拥有 活学活用 用“in(介词)名词of(介词)”短语填空。They call their son Albert Franz _ their father.People wrote many poems _ our motherland.Beca
44、use his father is away now,he is _ the company instead.Since they are _ the lost child,youd better not bother them now.答案：in memory of in praise of in charge of in search of 12dress up (1)穿上盛装；穿上正式衣服 She likes to dress up for a party.她喜欢把自己打扮得漂漂亮亮去参加晚会。The bride was standing on the left side,dressed
45、 up in a white silk dress.新娘站在左侧，穿着一件白色的丝绸礼服。(2)dress up/dress sb.up 乔装；乔装打扮 They tried to dress him up as a“national hero”他们想把他打扮成一个“民族英雄”。(3)dress sth.up 装饰；修饰；掩饰 The facts are quite clear；its no use trying to dress them up.事实很清楚，想掩饰是没有用的。归纳拓展 dress vt.使穿衣，给穿衣，打扮 vi.穿衣服；穿礼服；打扮，整装 dress oneself/sb.
46、自己穿衣/给某人穿衣 be dressed in 表示穿的状态 We are going to dress the baby in new clothes and take her to the park.我们要给小孩子穿上新衣服，带她到公园去。We must be dressed in uniform at school.在学校我们必须穿制服。名师点拨 dress指“穿衣服”时，它的宾语只可以是人，不可以是物。误I can dress my clothes in no time.正I can dress in no time.正I can dress myself in no time.易混
47、辨析dress作不及物动词时可指穿衣的动作。作及物动词时宾语是人，表示“给某人穿衣”。put on指穿衣的动作，其宾语是衣服、帽子、鞋等穿(戴)的东西。其反义词组为：take off。have on指穿的状态，其宾语是衣服、帽子、鞋等穿(戴)的东西。have onbe wearing，但不能用于进行时和被动语态。wear指穿的状态，后接穿(戴)的东西，可用于进行时。活学活用 用dress up/dress/put on/have on/wear的适当形式填空。I saw a man _ in black.He _ a thick sweater and rushed out.“He almos
48、t _ nothing _，”shouted the boy.He always _ an old overcoat.The whole family are _ the Christmas tree.用dress动词的适当搭配完成句子。Even though she is beautiful，she doesnt like _ and _ always _ plain clothes.尽管她漂亮，但是她不喜欢打扮，总是衣着普通。She was _ as a lady of high society。她被打扮成一位上层社会的贵妇。语法填空。At first，I tried to ignore
49、the“dress-down”rule by simply_(dress)up in my suit as usual.答案：dressed put on had;on wears dressing up dressing up;is;dressed in dressed up dressing 句意：起初，我试图忽视“职业”规定，像平常一样只穿我的套装。by是介词，后接动词的ing形式。13play a trick on搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑 If the neighbours do not give any sweets，the children might play a trick on
50、 them.如果邻居不给糖果，孩子们就会捣乱。The young boss likes playing a trick onhis staff.这位年轻的老板喜欢对他的员工搞恶作剧。归纳拓展(1)play a trick on sb.play tricks on sb.搞恶作剧；诈骗；开玩笑(2)trick v哄骗；欺骗 trick sb.out of sth.从某人处骗取某物 trick sb.into sth./doing sth.哄骗某人做某事 The ill man tricked the old lady out of all her money.这个坏人骗走了老太太的所有的钱。Th
51、e police tricked him into telling the truth.警察哄骗他说出事实。(3)the tricks of the trade(某一行业或活动的)绝招；门道；绝活；诀窍(4)play a joke/jokes on sb.开某人玩笑 make fun of sb.取笑某人 活学活用 完成句子。The boys hid Toms bike to_.男孩们把汤姆的自行车藏起来捉弄他。By pretending that he was single，he _him.假装单身，他骗她嫁给了他。语法填空。(2014福建，26改编)Could you tell me _t
52、rick of making such tasty cakes?Well,I just follow the directions in the cookbook.答案：play a trick on him tricked her into marrying the 句意为：你能告诉我制作这种美味蛋糕的技巧吗？哦，我就是按照烹饪书上的烹饪说明来做的。由句意可知，此处表特指，故用定冠词the。14look forward to期待；盼望 The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward tothe
53、 end of winter and to the coming of spring.最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天和迎来春天的日子。I was really looking forward to travelling by plane.我真的非常期待着乘飞机旅行。名师点拨 to是介词，后接名词或动名词作宾语。Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen pal.他盼望着收到笔友的来信。归纳拓展 look into往里看；调查 look on.as.把看作 look out向外看；当心；小心 look up to仰视；尊敬；赞赏 look d
54、own on/upon俯视；轻视，看不起 She is so proud that she usually looks down upon those who are poor.她太骄傲了，她通常看不起那些贫穷的人。巧学助记 立体巧记look短语 活学活用 根据句意用适当的look短语填空。现在他被看作一名英雄，被粉丝们崇拜；当他回顾过去，他永远忘不了被人看不起的日子。Nowadays，he _a hero and_by his fans；when he_，he never forgets those days when he _.谢谢您的关心，我盼望早日收到您的回复。Thanks for y
55、our kind consideration and I _receiving your earliest reply.语法填空。They look forward _(get)a chance to receive further education.答案：is looked on as;looked up to;looks back;was looked down upon look forward to to getting 句意：他们期待着得到继续深造的机会。look forward to“期望”，后接名词或动名词作宾语。所以填to getting。15have fun with玩得开
56、心(同义词组为have a good time，enjoy oneself)Do not focus on these little things and have fun with your kids.别计较这些琐碎的事情，好好享受和孩子一起玩的时光。归纳拓展 for fun 取乐 make fun of 嘲笑 What fun!多么有趣！名师点拨 have fun可以客观描述玩得开心的状态；也可以用来表示对即将度假旅游的人的祝愿，意为：祝你开心！fun是不可数名词，前面不加冠词。活学活用 完成句子。In most western countries on April Fools Day,p
57、eople often _ each other;children especially _.在大多数西方国家的四月愚人节那天，人们经常互相捉弄对方，孩子们尤其玩得开心。答案：play a trick on;have great fun 16.Some festivals are held to honour the dead or to satisfy the ancestors，whomight return either to help or to do harm.有些节日，是为了纪念死者，或者使祖先得到满足，因为祖先们有可能回到世上(给人们)提供帮助，也有可能带来危害。(1)此句为主从
58、复合句。(2)who引导定语从句，修饰先行词the ancestors，且who在从句中充当主语。(3)either.or.或者或者，连接两个并列平行结构。They will spend their holiday either in Paris or in London.他们要么在巴黎度假要么在伦敦度假。Either your watches or mine is wrong.不是你们的表不准，就是我的表不准。归纳拓展(1)either.or.连接两个并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与最近的主语的单复数一致。(2)有类似用法的结构还有：not only.but also.不仅而且；not.but
59、.不是而是；neither.nor.既不也不。活学活用 仿写句子。这些人来自国家的各个地方，他们经常一起聚会，或者仅仅是一起聊天或者是进行一次愉快旅行。These people come from every part of the country，who often get together_.这两个女孩是同学，她们经常一起聚会，要么购物要么喝喝茶。The two girls are classmates,who often get together_.答案：either just to talk with each other or to have a pleasant trip eith
60、er to go shopping or to have a cup of tea 17On this important feast day,people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with“bones”on them.在这个重要的节庆日子里，人们会吃制成颅骨形状的食物，和装点有“骨头”的蛋糕。(1)此句为复杂的简单句。(2)句中with“bones”on them短语在句中作后置定语，修饰先行词cakes。(3)短语with“bones”on them属于“with宾语宾语补足语”，即“with复合宾语”结构。归纳拓展“with宾语
61、宾语补足语”结构除在句中可作后置定语外，在句中还可作状语，表示原因、时间、条件、伴随、方式等。“with复合宾语”结构可归纳如下：with宾语介词短语形容词/副词现在分词宾语与宾语补足语之间为 主谓关系过去分词宾语与宾语补足语之间为 动宾关系不定式 At exactly eleven Mr.Smith entered，with happiness but tiredness on his face.(介词短语)在11点整，史密斯先生进入房间，脸上带着一种幸福但是疲倦的表情。With other runners following him，he won the first place in th
62、is race.(现在分词)其他的运动员紧随其后，他在这次比赛中获得第一名。活学活用 仿写句子。在他生日那天，小男孩吃了一块带有几朵花的蛋糕。On his birthday，the little boy ate a cake_.在像这样重要的日子里，他们通常制作一些包有很多肉的特别的食物。On the important day like this，they usually make some special food_.语法填空。With time_(go)on，the trees grow taller and taller.答案：with some flowers on it with
63、much meat contained in it going 句意：随着时间的流逝，这些树长得越来越高。time与go on构成逻辑上的主谓关系，所以用其ing形式。18The country，covered with cherry tree flowers，looks as though it is covered with pink snow.整个国度到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。(1)此句为复合句。(2)分词短语“covered with cherry tree flowers”相当于一个which引导的非限制性定语从句“which is covered with
64、cherry tree flowers”在句中作定语，修饰The country。(3)句中as though引导了表语从句，作系动词look的表语。as though意为“好像”，相当于as if。He felt as if he had never had such a chance.他感到他好像从来就没有这么好的机会。It seems as though it was spring already.现在好像已经是春天了。活学活用 仿写句子。被各种各样的花覆盖，这座花园看起来像是穿着彩衣。The garden，_，_dressed in colorful clothes.充满很多的活动，超
65、市的这一部分看起来像是一个大的游乐场。This part of the supermarket，_，_a large playground.语法填空。Dont handle the vase as if it _(be)made of steel.Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease,she acted as if nothing _(happen)to her while facing her friends and relations.It was John who broke the window.Why ar
66、e you talking to me as if I _(do)it?答案：covered with all kinds of flowers;looks as if it were filled with many kinds of activities;looks as if it were were 本题考查虚拟语气。句意：不要拿那个花瓶就像它是钢做的似的。as if引导的虚拟条件句如果是对现在的虚拟，从句用一般过去时。be动词用were。had happened 考查as if引导的方式状语从句中的谓语动词。happen所表示的动作发生在act所表示的动作之前，故要用had过去分词结
67、构。had done 本题考查虚拟语气。句意：是约翰打破的窗子，为什么你向我说起来就像是我做的。as if 引导虚拟条件句，由broke可知为对过去的虚拟，故用过去完成时。课堂达标验收.用所给词的适当形式填空 1The_(origin)picture is worth 1,000 dollars.2During his birthday_(celebrate),he had a great time.3Children should be encouraged to be_(independence)thinkers.4As soon as the rubbish on the grassla
68、nd was_(gather),they lay on the grass to enjoy the sunshine.5The worker was _(award)a great honour for his excellent work.6Those English learners all have_(admire)for their teachers fluent English.7After being trapped in the cave for a long time，he is_(starve)for freedom outside.8There is a general_
69、(believe)that things will soon get better.9On his_(arrive)at the airport,he called a taxi.10He took_(energy)steps to finish his plan.答案：1.original 2.celebration 3.independent 4.gathered 5.awarded 6.admiration 7.starving 8.belief 9.arrival 10.energetic.选择短语并用其适当形式填空 take place；in memory of，dress up，p
70、lay a trick on，look forward to，day and night，as though，have fun with 1They_their children for the New Years Day.2Great changes have_recently in my hometown.3_the brave driver,the local people held a large activity.4He is talking a lot about the matter_he knew everything about it.5She had been workin
71、g_.As a result,she fell ill.6The naughty boy likes_his neighbours,which often makes them unhappy.7Every weekend,they usually get together and_each other.8They got separated two years ago，and now they are_seeing each other again.答案：1.dressed up 2.taken place 3.In memory of 4.as though 5.day and night
72、 6.playing a trick on 7.have fun with 8.looking forward to.语法填空 1He _(award)the Nobel Prize and received a reward of several thousand dollars.答案：was awarded 句意：他被授予诺贝尔奖并收到几千美元的奖励。award sb.sth.授予某人某物。2The girl sat there quite silent and still with her eyes_(fix)on the wall.答案：fixed 考查with的复合结构。her ey
73、es和fix之间构成被动关系，故使用fix的过去分词形式作宾语补足语。3You like Jazz very much,but do you know _origin of Jazz?答案：the 句意：你非常喜欢爵士乐，但是你知道它的起源吗？4I think Tom,as the head of a big department,should either study regularly _give up his job.答案：or 考查either.or.“或者或者”。5The oldest man in my village has a firm _(believe)in the val
74、ue of cold baths.答案：belief 句意：我村里年龄最大的老人坚信洗冷水澡是有益的。belief信念。6With time going on,changes will take _as we have expected.答案：place 句意：随着时间的流逝，变化将如我们期望的那样发生。take place“发生”，一般指非偶然性事件的“发生”。7I am a bit worried because _ seems as if our boss has found out something about the accident in the workshop.答案：it 句
75、意：我有点担心，因为我们老板似乎已察觉车间事故的一些事情了。it seems as if/as though.是固定句型，表示“似乎；好像是”。8Although I admire you_your work on soil,I think you should apologize _ the villagers_the water pollution.答案：for;to;for admire sb.for sth.因某事钦佩某人；apologize to sb.for sth.因某事向某人道歉。9She looks forward to _(walk)in the flowerlined g
76、arden every spring.答案：walking 句意：她渴望每年春天都到鲜花栽植整齐的花园里走一走。短语“look forward to”中to为介词，后跟名词或动名词。10The old man living here is usually serious,so some naughty boys decided to play a trick_ him the other day.答案：on 句意：生活在这里的那位老人通常很严肃，于是几天前一些淘气的男孩决定捉弄一下他。play a trick on sb.为固定搭配，表示“捉弄某人”。11.Its hard to make f
77、riends with Catherine,but the friendship of her,once_(gain),is more trustworthy than any others.答案：gained 句意：很难与凯瑟琳做朋友，但是她的友谊一旦被得到比其他任何人的友谊更值得信任，once gainedonce it(her friendship)is gained，gain与friendship之间为被动关系，故用过去分词形式。12The tourists_(gather)around the fire,and danced with the local people.答案：gath
78、ered 考查动词gather的时态。句意：游客们围在火堆旁，与当地人一起跳舞。句子主语the tourists做出两个动作，此处为并列谓语。根据第二个谓语的时态形式，此处需要用过去时态。13The Monument to the Peoples Heroes was built _memory of those who gave out their lives in the wars for the peoples liberation.答案：in 句意：人民英雄纪念碑是为纪念那些为人类解放而在战争中献出生命的人而建造的。in memory of为纪念。14.(2015安徽，31改编)They gave money to the old peoples home either personally _ through their companies.答案：or either.or.或者或者。15The motherless children were starving_ mothers love.答案：for 句意：这些没有妈妈的孩子们渴望妈妈的爱。starve for渴望。