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2018届高三英语二轮复习课件:专题六 完形填空2-6 .ppt

1、第二版块语篇版块 专题六 完形填空 真题回访 Passage 1(2017全国卷)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through this _41_ process and found something that has changed my _42_at college for the better:I discovered ASLAm

2、erican Sign Language(美式手语)I never felt an urge to _43_any sign language before.My entire family is hearing,and so are all my friends.The _44_ languages were enough in all my interactions(交往)Little did I know that I would discover my _45_ for ASL.The _46_ began during my first week at college.I watch

3、ed as the ASL Club _47_their translation of a song.Both the hand movements and the very _48_ of communicating without speaking_49_me.What I saw was completely unlike anything I had experienced in the _50_.This newness just left me _51_ more.After that,feeling the need to _52_further,I decided to dro

4、p in on one of ASL Clubs meetings.I only learned how to _53_ the alphabet that day.Yet instead of being discouraged by my_54_progress,I was excited.I then made it a point to_55_those meetings and learn all I could.The following term,I_56_an ASL class.The professor was deaf and any talking was_57_.I

5、soon realized that the silence was not unpleasant._58_,if there had been any talking,it would have _59_us to learn less.Now,I appreciate the silence and the _60_ way of communication it opens.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕着人与自我的主题,讲述了作为正常人的作者开始认识并喜欢上美式手语的故事。41A.searching BplanningCnatural Dformal解析:同义复现题。由上文中的“

6、explore new aspects of life”可知,所填词与 explore(探索)在词义上相近,故选 searching(寻找)。planning 计划;natural 自然的;formal 正式的。答案:A42A.progressBexperienceCmajor Dopinion解析:上下文语境题。根据语境可知,此处指作者发现了朝更好的方向改变自己大学经历(experience)的东西。另外,第三段中的 I had experienced 也给出了提示。progress 进步;major 专业;opinion 观点。答案:B43A.choose BreadClearn Dcre

7、ate解析:下文语境题。后面一句提到作者的全家人及他所有的朋友都有听觉,因此他之前从没有想学(learn)手语的强烈愿望。另外,第四段中的 I only learned how to 也给出了提示。choose 选择;read 阅读;create 创造。答案:C44A.official BforeignCbody Dspoken解析:上下文语境题。既然作者和家人及朋友都有听觉,那么在作者与别人的所有交往中口语(spoken languages)已经足够了。official language 官方语言;foreign language 外语;body language 肢体语言。答案:D45A.

8、love BconcernCgoal Drequest解析:下文语境题。由下文的内容尤其是最后一段中的“Now,I appreciate the silence.”可知,作者后来爱上了美式手语,但是刚开始的时候作者没有发现自己对它的热爱(love)。concern 关注;goal 目标;request 请求。答案:A46A.meeting BtripCstory Dtask解析:下文语境题。由空格后面的内容可知,作者开始讲事情的经过了,故选 story(故事)。meeting 会议;trip 旅行;task 任务。答案:C47A.recorded BperformedCrecited Ddis

9、cussed解析:上下文语境题。由空格前的 watched(观看)和后面的 the hand movements(手部的动作)以及 what I saw(我所看见的)可知,作者是在观看美式手语俱乐部的成员表演(perform)他们对一首歌的诠释。record 记录;recite 背诵;discuss讨论。答案:B48A.idea BamountCdream Dreason解析:上下文语境题。根据语境可知,这里指的是无语言交流的想法(idea)。idea 与前面的 the hand movements 并列。amount 数量;dream 梦想;reason 原因。答案:A49A.disturb

10、ed BsupportedCembarrassed Dattracted解析:下文语境题。下文提到作者参加了美式手语俱乐部的一次会议并在下一学期参加了美式手语学习班的课程,由此可以看出,这种手部的动作以及无语言交流的想法把作者给吸引(attract)住了。disturb 打扰;support 支持;embarrass使尴尬。答案:D50A.end Bpast Ccourse Ddistance解析:上文语境题。根据 I had experienced 用的时态可知,它指的是作者过去的经历,故选 past。in the past 过去,是固定搭配。in the end 最后;in the cou

11、rse经常与 of 连用,意为“在期间”;in the distance 在远处。答案:B51A.showing BactingCsaying Dwanting解析:下文语境题。由下文中的 further 以及最后一段中提到作者参加了美式手语学习班的课程可知,这种新颖让作者想要(want)了解更多。show 展示;act表现;say 说。答案:D52A.exercise BexploreCexpress Dexplain解析:上文复现题。由第一段第一句中的 explore 可知,此处应填 explore,指作者感受到了进一步探索的必要。exercise 练习;express 表达;explai

12、n 解释。答案:B53A.print BwriteCsign Dcount解析:上下文语境题。因为作者是在学习美式手语(American Sign Language),所以他就得学会如何打手势。这里是说那天作者只学会了如何用手势表示(sign)字母表中的字母。print 印刷;write 写作;count 数数。答案:C54A.slow Bsteady Cnormal Dobvious解析:上文语境题。由前面的 being discouraged by(对感到失望)可知,此处是说作者的进步缓慢(slow)。steady 持续的;normal 正常的;obvious 明显的。答案:A55A.ch

13、air BsponsorCattend Dorganize解析:上下文语境题。虽然作者在学美式手语方面进步缓慢,但他还是感到很兴奋,因此他把出席那些会议并尽最大可能多学看作重要的事情。attend a meeting 出席会议,是固定搭配。另外,本段第一句中的 drop in on one of ASL clubs meetings 也给出了提示。chair 主持;sponsor 赞助;organize 组织。答案:C56A.missed BpassedCgave up Dregistered for解析:下文语境题。后面讲的是课堂上的事情,由此可以推断出接下来的那个学期,作者参加了美式手语学

14、习班的课程。register for 注册,登记,是固定搭配,且符合此处的语境。miss 错过;pass 通过;give up 放弃。答案:D57A.prohibited BwelcomedCignored Drepeated解析:上文语境题。由空格前面的 the professor was deaf 可知,在课堂上是禁止(prohibit)说话的。welcome 欢迎;ignore 忽视;repeat 重复。答案:A58A.Lastly BThusCInstead DHowever解析:下文语境题。由后面主从句谓语动词的结构可知,此处用的是虚拟语气,也就是说所填词表示的是一种相反情况的假设,

15、故应选 instead(相反)。答案:C59A.required BcausedCallowed Dexpected解析:上下文语境题。相反,如果有任何交谈的话,那会导致学生们学到的更少。cause sb.to do sth.导致某人做某事,是固定搭配,且符合此处的语境。require 要求;allow 允许;expect 预料。答案:B60A.easy BpopularCquick Dnew解析:同义复现题。由第三段最后一句中的 this newness 可知,对作者来说,这是一种新的(new)交流方法,而不是容易的(easy)、流行的(popular)或迅速的(quick)方法。答案:D

16、Passage 2(2017全国卷)In 1973,I was teaching elementary school.Each day,27 kids _41_“The Thinking Laboratory.”That was the _42_ students voted for after deciding that“Room 104”was too _43_.Freddy was an average _44_,but not an average person.He had the rare balance of fun and compassion(同情)He would _45_

17、 the loudest over fun and be the saddest over anyones _46_.Before the school year _47_,I gave the kids a special_48_,T-shirts with the words“Verbs Are Your _49_”on them.I had advised the kids that while verbs(动词)may seem dull,most of the _50_ things they do throughout their lives will be verbs.Throu

18、gh the years,Id run into former students who would provide_51_ on old classmates.I learned that Freddy did several jobs after his _52_ from high school and remained the same _53_person I met forty years before.Once,while working overnight at a store,he let a homeless man _54_ in his truck.Another ti

19、me,he_55_ a friend money to buy a house.Just last year,I was_56_ a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door.A woman _57_the interruption and handed me an envelope.I stopped teaching and _58_ it up.Inside were the“Verbs”shirt and a _59_ from Freddys mother.“Freddy passed away on Thanksgivi

20、ng.He wanted you to have this.”I told the story to the class.As sad as it was,I couldnt help smiling.Although Freddy was taken from us,we all _60_ something from Freddy.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者的一个学生弗雷德在上学时是一个有趣的人,也是一个同情别人的人。后来,作者陆续听到跟弗雷德有关的消息。他做了好几份工作,依旧乐于助人。就在去年,弗雷德去世了,他的妈妈给了作者一个信封,里面是那件带着“Verbs”的 T

21、 恤衫和一张纸条。作者虽然很伤感,却从弗雷德身上得到了一些东西。41A.built BenteredCdecorated Dran解析:上下文语境题。根据空格前的 teaching elementary school 以及空格后的 Room 104 可知,是进入了(enter)这个房间。build 建造;decorate 装饰;run 跑。答案:B42A.name BruleCbrand Dplan解析:上文语境题。根据空格前的 The Thinking Laboratory 可知这是 Room 104 的名字(name)。rule 规则;brand 品牌;plan 计划。答案:A43A.sm

22、all BdarkCstrange Ddull解析:下文语境题。学生们把 Room 104The Thinking Laboratory,是因为他们觉得“Room 104”这个名字很无趣(dull),这与第三段中的 dull 相呼应。small小的;dark 昏暗的;strange 奇怪的。答案:D44A.scholar BstudentCcitizen Dworker解析:词汇复现题。上文中有 students,下文第四段中也提到 former students,由此可知选 B 项,表示“弗雷德是一名普通的学生(student)”。scholar 学者;citizen市民;worker 工人

23、。答案:B45.Aspeak BsingCquestion Dlaugh解析:下文语境题。根据空格后的 fun 可知此处与笑(laugh)有关,而后面的 saddest 又与之对应。speak 讲话;sing 歌唱;question 询问。答案:D46A.misfortune BdisbeliefCdishonesty Dmistake解析:上文语境题。空格前的 saddest 与“不幸(misfortune)”对应,只有不幸的事才能令人伤心。disbelief 不信,怀疑;dishonesty 不诚实的行为;mistake错误。答案:A47.Achanged BapproachedCretu

24、rned Dended解析:下文语境题。根据空格后的作者送学生们 T 恤衫可知,是本学年结束(end)之前。change 改变;approach 接近,靠近;return 返回。答案:D48.Alesson BgiftCreport Dmessage解析:下文语境题。根据空格后的 T-shirts 可知,这是老师送给学生们的礼物(gift)。lesson 课;report 报告;message 消息。答案:B49.AFriends BAwardsCMasters DTasks解析:下文语境题。根据下文可知,很多有趣的事情都是 verbs 做的,由此可推测 T-shirts 上写的是“动词是你的

25、朋友(friends)”。award 奖,奖品;master主人;task 任务。答案:A50.Asimple BuniqueCfun Dclever解析:上文语境题。句中的 while 意为“虽然”,再由空前的 dull 可知,此处应填与之对应的 fun,表示“有趣的,令人快乐的”。simple 简单的;unique独特的;clever 聪明的。答案:C51.Aassessments BcommentsCinstructions Dupdates解析:上下文语境题。根据空格前的 former students 以及空格后的 old classmates 可知,作者不时地从以前的学生那里听到他

26、们现在的消息,这种消息对作者来说就是学生的不断更新(update)的消息。assessment 评价,估价;comment评论,议论;instruction 命令,指示。答案:D52.Agraduation BretirementCseparation Dresignation解析:上下文语境题。根据前面的 former students 和空格后的 from high school 可知,是高中毕业(graduation)后。retirement 退休;separation 分离;resignation辞职。答案:A53.Adaring BmodestCcaring Dsmart解析:上下文

27、语境题。根据空格前的 remained 以及下文列举的帮助无家可归的人、借钱给朋友可知,弗雷德依旧是一个乐于助人的(caring)人。daring 勇敢的;modest 谦虚的;smart 聪明的。答案:C54.Await BsleepCstudy Dlive解析:上文语境题。根据空格前的 homeless 可知,此处是说让这个无家可归的人睡(sleep)在他的卡车里。wait 等候;study 学习;live 居住。答案:B55.Apaid BchargedClent Dowed解析:下文语境题。根据空格后的 money 和 buy a house 可知,此处是借(lend)钱给朋友买房子。

28、pay 付款;charge 收费;owe 欠。答案:C56.Aobserving BpreparingCdesigning Dconducting解析:下文语境题。根据空格后的 a workshop,classroom door 以及 stopped teaching 可知,作者正在研习班上课。句中的 conduct 是“进行”的意思。observe观察,注意;prepare 使做好准备;design 设计。答案:D57.Aregretted BavoidedCexcused Dignored解析:下文语境题。根据空格后的 interruption 可知,她打扰了作者而请求作者的原谅(excu

29、se)。regret 后悔;avoid 避免;ignore 忽视,不理睬。答案:C58.Aopened BpackedCgave Dheld解析:上下文语境题。根据空格前的 an envelope 以及空格后的“Inside were the.”可知,作者打开了(open)信封。pack.up 把打包;give.up 放弃;hold.up 支撑。答案:A59.Apicture BbillCnote Ddiary解析:上下文语境题。信封里是这件“Verbs”shirt,还有一张纸条(note)。picture 照片;bill 账单;diary 日记。答案:C60.Achose BtookCexp

30、ected Dborrowed解析:同义复现题。根据空格前的 was taken 可知,此处也应用 take(拿),表示“虽然弗雷德从我们身边被带走了,但我们都从弗雷德身上得到了一些东西”。答案:BPassage 3(2017全国卷)A Toronto man is offering a free round-the-world air ticket to the right woman.But_41_ apply.You must be named Elizabeth Gallagher and have a Canadian _42_.Jordan Axani,28,said he and

31、 his then girlfriend,Elizabeth Gallagher,booked heavily discounted round-the-world air tickets in May,but their _43_ ended and he did not want her ticket to _44_.The ticket had a strict no-transfer(不可转让)_45_,but since passport information was not required when _46_,any Canadian Elizabeth Gallagher c

32、an _47_ it.“I just want to see the ticket go to good use and for someone to _48_ a lot of joy,”said Axani.He posted his _49_ on a social networking website,and received thousands of e-mails,including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the_50_ passports,“More_51_,there are hundreds of Canad

33、ians who are interested in _52_ their name to Elizabeth Gallagher,”Axani said.“It was absolutely out of _53_,thousands of e-mails,people around the world_54_ their stories of travel.”Axani wrote in his post that he is not _55_ anything in return and that the woman who uses the _56_ ticket can choose

34、 to either travel with him or _57_ the ticket and travel on her own.The _58_ is scheduled to start on December 21 in New York City and continue on to Milan,Prague,Paris,Bangkok and New Delhi before _59_ in Toronto on January 8.He said the _60_ woman will be announced on the website and the trip will

35、 be shared online.语篇解读 本文是一篇记叙文。文章围绕人与社会的主题讲述了多伦多 28岁的 Jordan Axani 为给前女友订的环游世界的机票寻找新主人的故事。人们是否会对这张机票感兴趣呢?赶紧来读一下这篇文章吧!41A.benefits BdepositsCrestrictions Dexaminations解析:上下文语境题。根据语境可知,机票虽然是免费的,但是你必须符合限制条件(restriction),首先名字得是 Elizabeth Gallagher。benefit 益处;deposit押金;examination 考试。答案:C42.Aorigin Bpas

36、sportCaccent Dfriend解析:下文复现题。由第三段中的 including thirty from actual Elizabeth Gallaghers with the _ passports 可知此空应选 passport(护照)。申请者除了名字得是 Elizabeth Gallagher 外,还得有个加拿大的护照。origin 血统;accent 口音;friend 朋友。答案:B43.Aholiday BmarriageCdream Drelationship解析:上文语境题。由前面的 his then girlfriend 可知,现在他们的关系(relationsh

37、ip)结束了。因为机票还有效,所以还没有去度假,故排除 A 项 holiday(假期);由前面提到的是 girlfriend 而不是 wife 可知,他们没有结婚,故排除 B 项marriage(婚姻);dream 梦想,也不符合此处的语境。答案:D44A.go to waste Bcome to mindCgo on sale Dcome into effect解析:上下文语境题。由第一段首句中的 is offering a free round-the-world air ticket(正提供一张环游世界的免费机票)以及第三段首句中的 I just want to see the tick

38、et go to good use(我只是想看到这张票得到充分利用)可知,他不想让机票浪费掉(go to waste)。come to mind 立即被想到;go on sale 出售;come into effect 生效。答案:A45A.policy BorderCpayment Dschedule解析:上下文语境题。机票有严格的不能转让的政策(policy),而不是命令(order)、支付(payment)或日程表(schedule)。答案:A46A.applying BbookingCchecking Dbargaining解析:上下文语境题。根据 but 表示的转折含义可知,虽然机票

39、有严格的不能转让的政策,但是预订(book)的时候并不需要提供护照信息。另外,第二段中的 booked heavily discounted 也给出了提示。apply 申请;check 核查;bargain讨价还价。答案:B47A.use BborrowCchoose Dbuy解析:上文语境题。因为前面提到预订的时候并不需要提供护照信息,所以任何叫 Elizabeth Gallagher 的加拿大人都可以用(use)这张票。另外,第四段中的the woman who uses the _ ticket 也给出了提示。borrow 借入;choose 选择;buy 购买。答案:A48.Asacr

40、ifice BexpressCexperience Dprovide解析:上文语境题。上文提到这张票是 Axani 免费提供给对方的,他只是希望票能得到充分利用,能让用它的那个人体验(experience)许多快乐。sacrifice牺牲;express 表达;provide 提供。答案:C49A.answer BadviceCoffer Dcomment解析:上文复现题。由第一段首句中的 is offering a free round-the-world air ticket 可知此空应选 offer(提供)。answer 回复;advice 建议;comment 评论。答案:C50A.s

41、ame BrightCnew Dreal解析:上文语境题。在这成千上万封电子邮件中,有 30 封来自真实的叫Elizabeth Gallagher 的人,而且这些人有正确的(right)护照。这些人的护照不可能完全一样,故排除 A 项 same(相同的);new 新的,real 真实而非虚构的,也不符合此处的语境。答案:B51A.interesting BannoyingCsatisfying Dconvincing解析:上下文语境题。有这么多同名的人给他写电子邮件是一件有趣的事,更有趣的(more interesting)是,还有几百个加拿大人对 Elizabeth Gallagher 这个

42、名字感兴趣。annoying 令人烦恼的;satisfying 令人满意的;convincing 令人信服的。答案:A52.Awriting BgivingClending Dchanging解析:上下文语境题。除了有 30 封来自真实的叫 Elizabeth Gallagher 而且有正确的护照的人之外,还有几百个加拿大人对把她们的名字(change)Elizabeth Gallagher 感兴趣。write 写作;give 给予;lend 借出。答案:D53.Atouch BquestionCdate Dcontrol解析:上下文语境题。Axani 只能提供一张免费机票,却收到了成千上万封

43、电子邮件,这说明情况失去了控制(out of control)。out of touch 失去联系;out of question 毫无疑问;out of date 过时。答案:D54.Aadmiring BadvertisingCsharing Ddoubting解析:上文语境题。Axani 是在一个社交网站上发布的信息,结果成千上万的人给他发了电子邮件,因此全世界的人可以通过这个网站分享(share)他们的旅游故事。admire 赞美;advertise 做广告;doubt 怀疑。答案:C55.Aleaving Blooking forClosing Ddealing with解析:上文语

44、境题。文章首句已经指出这张票是免费的(free),因此可以推断出 Axani 不是在寻找(look for)回报。leave 留下;lose 失去;deal with 处理。答案:B56.Asingle BstrangeCregular Dextra解析:上文语境题。文章第二段已经指出,这张票是为 Axani 的前女友准备的,现在他们分手了,因此这张票对 Axani 来说是多余的(extra),而不是唯一的(single)、奇怪的(strange)或定期的(regular)。答案:D57.Areturn BtakeCreserve Dhide解析:下文语境题。由后面的 travel on he

45、r own 可知,拥有这张票的女士也可以把票拿走(take)独自去旅行。return 归还;reserve 保留;hide 把藏起来。答案:B58.Ainterview BprogramCtrip Dmeeting解析:下文复现题。由本段最后一句中的 the trip will be shared online 可知,此空应选 trip,这里说的是旅行的日程安排。interview 采访;program 方案;meeting会议。答案:C59.Aending BcallingCrepeating Dstaying解析:上文语境题。由前面的 start 可知,此处说的是旅行的结束时间,故选 en

46、ding。call 打电话;repeat 重复;stay 停留。答案:A60.Ahonored BlovelyCintelligent Dlucky解析:上文语境题。由前面提到的旅行的日程安排以及目的地可知,能得到这张机票是一件幸运的事情,Axani 说这位幸运的(lucky)女士将在网站上公布,而且这次旅行将会在网上被分享。答案:D高考怎么考 所挖空格“均匀布点”,三大层次“不可齐观”全国卷 3 年考情分析 卷别个数型题201720162015卷(记叙文)卷(记叙文)卷(记叙文)卷(记叙文)卷(夹叙夹议文)卷(夹叙夹议文)卷(记叙文)卷(夹叙夹议文)句内层次题1011911108811句组层

47、次题65767886语篇层次题44433443注 句内层次题:空格的答案由空格所在句子决定。句组层次题:空格的答案由与空格相距不远的一组句子决定。语篇层次题:空格的答案由整篇文章的内涵决定。命题者说研究近 3 年的全国卷完形填空试题,可以发现完形填空的设题方式大致可分为句内层次、句组层次及语篇层次三种题型。在难易程度上,句内层次题和句组层次题较容易,考生只需要结合语境理解空格所在句或相邻的几句就可以确定答案,对于考生来说相对比较容易得分。且句内层次、句组层次题考查最多,能保障考生取得基本分数,但高考是选拔性的考试,每篇完形填空总会有 23 个比较难的语篇层次题成为考生取得高分的拦路虎,对于此类

48、填空,往往需要考生跨越段落,从全文的脉络、作者的思想、意图或主人公的心理等角度进行推理、判断,才能做出正确的选择。本专题将设两课对这三种题型进行分别指导。题目怎么做 定位信息“找到区间”,运用方法“巧加判断”一、巧用方法力保句内、句组层次题不失分(一)5 大方法速判句内层次题解题信息分布在本句内,在读懂文意的前提下,利用本句的一些解题信息就可直接做答。对于此类题目,可边读边填,将原文信息尽量复原。1利用习惯搭配及固定结构解题完形填空中经常会考查一些固定结构、固定句式,这时考生就需要运用习惯搭配及固定结构来解题。典例(2017全国卷)I then made it a point to _55_

49、those meetings and learn all I could.Achair BsponsorCattend Dorganize解析:本题可以利用固定结构解题。attend a meeting 出席会议,是固定搭配。答案:C2利用生活常识和文化背景解题完形填空的语篇中往往渗透着诸如文化科学、历史地理、风俗民情等方面的知识。考生在做题时,若能积极地调动自己的文化背景知识和生活常识,巧妙地加以运用,特别是注意中西文化的差异,将会大大简化复杂的分析与判断过程,节省宝贵的时间,顺利地沿作者的思路阅读下去。典例(2017全国卷)Just last year,I was 56.conductin

50、g a workshop when someone knocked at the classroom door.A woman _57_ the interruption and handed me an envelope.Aregretted BavoidedCexcused Dignored解析:此题可利用生活常识和文化背景解题。作者正在上课,因此根据生活常识打断作者上课应该请求原谅。答案:C3利用对应成分分析法解题完形填空文章的上下文之间以及句子内部之间往往有着一定的逻辑关系,它使句子的各个成分之间形成一定的对应关系。考生可以根据这种逻辑关系找出与未知填空相对应的已知成分,将它作为线索,

51、通过它推断出未知填空的答案。典例(2015安徽卷)To _51_the amount of rubbish and to protect the 52.environment,more governments are requiring people to recycle materials.Ashow BrecordCdecrease Dmeasure解析:本题可以利用对应成分分析法解题。52environment,more governments.从上述分析可以看出,第 51 题与 protect 形成对应关系。因为前面有 and 这一并列连词,并且 and 前后意思应该一致,我们可以很轻

52、松地选出正确答案 C 项(decrease“减少”)。答案:C4利用逻辑关系解题此方法是通过分析未知填空前后文与已知信息之间的逻辑关系来确定答案,主要应用于完形填空的两类题型:一是考查连接词和起连接词作用的短语,二是考查上下文的逻辑关系。典例(2016全国卷)We went 10-1 and I was named most valuable player,_48_I often had crazy dreams in which I was to blame for Millers 49.accident.Aand BthenCbut Dthus解析:本题考查连词。连词的作用就是将其前后文的

53、已知信息衔接起来,因此可以利用逻辑关系来解题,即通过分析该未知填空前后文的已知信息的逻辑关系来确定本题应该填入表达何种逻辑关系的短语。通过上述分析得知本填空前后文的已知信息是明显的转折关系,因此答案是but。and 表示并列关系;then 表示顺承关系;thus 表示因果关系。答案:C5利用语境暗示分析法解题上下文语境具体体现为:全文的中心主线和主题、作者的态度倾向和评价、上下文语篇衔接、句际和段际关系。在句内层次中,我们通常可以通过上下文语境,即根据已知信息,推导出正确答案。典例(2017全国卷)The trip is scheduled to start on December 21 in

54、 New York City and continue on to Milan,Prague,Paris,Bangkok and New Delhi before_59_in Toronto on January 8.Aending BcallingCrepeating Dstaying解析:本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。由前面 start 可知旅行开始时间,因此我们可以快速地选出 ending 旅行的结束时间。答案:A(二)4 大方法智取句组层次题比句内层次题稍难一级的题目,其解题信息分布在空格前后的一组意群之中,解题时需前瞻后顾,综合意群信息解答。即:本句信息不足填,空格前后再找信息源。

55、1利用语义复现解题复现是一种语义衔接手段,它通过原词、同义词或近义词、反义词、上义词、下义词、同源词或同根词等重复出现来表达某一概念,使整篇文章上下连贯,有机地衔接在一起。因此,考生可根据文章的具体情况,理解文章的结构和语境,利用文章中的复现现象来选择正确的答案。典例 (2017全国卷)While high school does not generally encourage students to explore new aspects of life,college sets the stage for that exploration.I myself went through thi

56、s _41_process and found something that has changed my 42.experience at college for the better:I discovered ASLAmerican Sign Language(美式手语)Asearching BplanningCnatural Dformal解析:本题可利用语义复现解题。由上文中的 explore new aspects of life 可知,所填词与 explore(探索)在词义上相近,故选 searching(寻找)。planning 计划;natural 自然的;formal 正式的

57、。答案:A2利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题在高考完形填空文章中,我们一定要在快速阅读文章的过程中,仔细找出能够反映作者态度和感情色彩的重要词汇,它们往往是名词、形容词、副词或动词。这些词汇通常是我们做题时重要的参照线索,可以帮助我们快速确定某些题目的正确答案。典例(2017北京卷)Hannah Taylor is a schoolgirl from Manitoba,Canada.One day,when she was five years old,she was walking with her mother in downtown Winnipeg.They saw a man 36.e

58、ating out of a garbage can.She asked her mother why he did that,and her mother said that the man was homeless and hungry.Hannah was very_37_.She couldnt understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.Aannoyed BnervousCashamed Dupset解析:本题可以利用作者态度或感情色彩关联解题。根据后面的“She

59、couldnt understand why some people had to live their lives without shelter or enough food.”可知,她不能理解为什么一些人没有庇护之所,没有足够的食物,这让她很不快(upset)。答案:D3利用逻辑关系解题在句组层次题中,利用逻辑关系解题同样是一种重要的方法。典例(2016全国卷)Hundreds of people have formed impressions of you through that little device(装置)on your desk.And theyve never actua

60、lly 41.metyou.Everything they know about you 42.came through this device sometimes from hundreds of miles away._43_they feel they can know you 44.just from the sound of your voice.Thats how powerful the 45.telephone is.AThus BYetCThen DIndeed解析:本题是典型的考查上下文逻辑关系的题目,可以利用逻辑关系解题。答案:B通过上述对本空前后文已知信息的分析,能够发

61、现上下文是明显的转折关系,因此答案可以确定为选项 B.Yet。thus“因此”,then“随后”,indeed“的确,确实”。4利用语境暗示分析法解题在句组层次中,有些题目我们往往也需要通过上下文语境,即根据已知信息,推导出正确答案。典例(2016全国卷)43.As he got closer,he found 44.another vehicle upside down on the road.One more look and he noticed_45_shooting out from under the 46.disabled vehicle.Larry pulled over,se

62、t the brake and 47.got_hold_of the fire extinguisher(灭火器)Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out.Aflames BsmokeCwater Dsteam解析:本题可以利用语境暗示分析法解题。上文中提到 Larry 发现另一辆车翻倒在地,从而再仔细看,根据下文他“got hold of the fire extinguisher”,“Two good bursts from the extinguisher and the fire was put out

63、”等这些语境暗示可知,他仔细看后,注意到(noticed)从车下面冒出的应该是火焰(flame)。答案:A二、巧用 3 大方法力保语篇层次题得满分1利用语义复现解题在语篇层次题中,我们同样可以利用语义复现解题。典例(2015陕西卷)Two years later,Dad started his own_31_,which wasnt doing so well.After my graduation,Dads business was getting back on track.Afamily BbusinessCtask Djourney解析:本题可以利用语义复现解题。本题为原词复现。下文“

64、Dads business was getting back on track”中的 business 是 31 空的原词复现,故选 B 项。答案:B2利用总分结构对照分析法解题完形填空往往采用总分对照结构,这种结构可以为我们提供重要的解题线索。典例(2015安徽卷)In our modern world,when something wears out,we throw it away and buy a new one.The 36.problem is that countries around the world have growing mountains of 37.rubbish

65、 because people are throwing out more rubbish than ever before.How did we_38_ a throwaway society?First of all,it is now easier to 39.replace an object than to spend time and money to repair it.40.Thanks_to modern manufacturing(制造业)and technology,companies are able to produce products quickly and in

66、expensively.Products are plentiful and 41.cheap.Another cause is our 42.love of disposable(一次性的)products.As 43.busypeople,we are always looking for 44.ways to save time and make our lives easier.Companies 45.produce thousands of different kinds of disposable products:paper plates,plastic cups,and ca

67、meras,to name a few.Our appetite for new products also 46.contributes to the problem.We are 47.addicted_to buying new things.Advertisements persuade us that 48.newer is better and that we will be happier with the latest products.The result is that we 49.throw_away useful possessions to make room for

68、 new ones.38A.face BbecomeCobserve Dchange解析:本题可以利用总分结构对照分析法解题。本题在一个总述句“How did we_ a throwaway society?”中。之前文章在描述一个现象:人们把旧物品扔掉,造成垃圾堆积如山。从文章结构来看,从本题开始出现了另一个意群,“How did we_38_a throwaway society?”为这个意群的总述句,即我们如何成为了一个丢弃的社会呢?因此,仅仅看到本题所在句子包含的信息是不够的,还要看其他地方的相关已知信息,这个关键信息就在分述部分。只要总结分述部分,本题就迎刃而解了。总结一下分述部分,

69、很容易判断出第 38 题的答案就是 B 项 become。因为,下面的分述句都是在分析形成的原因。答案:B3利用逻辑关系解题在语篇层次题中,利用逻辑关系也是一种重要的解题方法。典例(2015北京卷)Dario and his mother loved their new apartment.The living room was large enough for their piano.That night,the two of them 36.sat side by side at the piano.They played jazz music to celebrate their new

70、 home.The loud 37.music filled the room and made them feel very happy.The next morning,_38_,their happiness disappeared.Someone had left a 39.note under their door during the night.One of their neighbors had written to complain(抱怨)about the sound of the piano.Darios mother asked the building superin

71、tendent(管理员)if he knew anything about it,But he said that they were all 40.nice people and he couldnt imagine any of them had done that.Later that morning,Dario suggested that they write a letter to their 41.neighbors and apologize for their playing.38A.therefore BhoweverCotherwise Dinstead解析:本题可以利用逻辑关系解题。通过上述对本题前后文已知信息的分析,发现上下文是明显的转折关系,因此答案可以确定为选项为 B。答案:B解题流程随堂训练点击进入WORD链接谢谢观看!

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