1、Unit 4 Adversity and Courage课时素养检测 十三Unit 4Period 1. 阅读理解A(2020邢台高二检测)In 2007, Jamie Whitmore was considered as one of the most successful athletes in America. However, everything changed during a competition that seemed like many others she had conquered. As a professional athlete, Whitmore was use
2、d to suffering, but she never imagined the pain in her leg could be a deadly cancer. What doctors found during surgery shocked them all: Whitmore had Spindle Cell Sarcoma, a soft tissue tumor (肿瘤) that can start in the bone, and the tumor was wrapped around her nerve and touching several vital organ
3、s. They couldnt cut it out fearing to burst the tumor. When she heard the diagnosis for the first time, Whitmore said, “Time stood still, I couldnt breathe. They were talking about the treatment and I started crying as I didnt want to die. ” Finally, the doctors enlisted the help of several speciali
4、sts to remove the tumor. Whitmore developed sepsis (败血症) from the surgery and endured a two-month recovery. When she began to feel sick again, Whitmore was sure her cancer was back. Instead, doctors gave her unexpected news: She was pregnant with twins. “That was a whole other freak-out, ” Whitmore
5、recalled. She has never met a challenge she couldnt overcome. Today, Whitmore is a mother of two sons and cancer-free. She is competing again, and has won a gold medal in the Paralympics (残奥会), nine world titles, and has set two world records. She travels as a motivational speaker when she doesnt sp
6、end time with her sons. Whitmore has some words of advice for others with limitations: “Never let anyone tell you what you can and cannot do. Some doctors told me I would never ride anything. And yet I rode my mountain bike 104 miles climbing from 9, 000 feet to 14, 000 feet. People with two good le
7、gs have fallen short of that task! You just cant give up. ”【语篇概述】本文是记叙文。文章讲述了Jamie Whitmore被认为是美国最成功的运动员之一。她曾患有致命的癌症, 但她凭借强大的意志力战胜了病魔, 后来Whitmore担任演讲者去激励那些身体有局限性的人不管面对什么样的处境都不能放弃。1. How did Whitmore feel when knowing about her cancer? A. Sad and scared. B. Ashamed and regretful. C. Annoyed and frigh
8、tened. D. Astonished and inspired. 【解析】选A。推理判断题。根据第四段中的When she heard the diagnosis for the first time, Whitmore said, “Time stood still, I couldnt breathe. . . I started crying as I didnt want to die. ”可知, Whitmore第一次听到诊断时说: “时间停滞不前了, 我无法呼吸我不想死, 我开始哭泣。”由此可知, 在得知自己患癌时, 她感到悲伤和恐惧。故选A。2. What does the
9、underlined word “freak-out” in Paragraph 4 refer to? A. Something interesting. B. Something demanding. C. Something unusual. D. Something meaningful. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第四段中的When she began to feel sick again, Whitmore was sure her cancer was back. Instead, doctors gave her unexpected news: She was pregn
10、ant with twins. 可知, 当Whitmore再次感到不适时, 她确定自己的癌症又复发了。而医生给了她一个出乎意料的消息: 她怀了双胞胎。即这是Whitmore没有想到的, 可猜测出freak-out指的是“不寻常的事情”。故选C。3. Whats the purpose of Whitmores traveling as a speaker? A. To build up her character. B. To inspire those with limitations. C. To spend more time with her children. D. To earn
11、more money in her spare time. 【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据最后一段中的She travels as a motivational speaker when she doesnt spend time with her sons. Whitmore has some words of advice for others with limitations可知, 当她不陪儿子时, 她以激励人心的演讲者身份去旅行。Whitmore对有局限性的人提出了一些建议。即Whitmore担任演讲者的目的是激励那些身体有局限性的人。故选B。B(2020牛栏山高二检测)When yo
12、ung, I loved going on trail(小路) runs. It was my favorite way to escape stress. So, when I was back in my hometown after a tough first year of my Ph. D. program, I thought a trail run was just what I needed. But instead of helping me relax, the run did just the opposite. After I moved to the city for
13、 college, where my runs were on flat concrete paths instead of winding dirt trails, I used a GPS watch. When I went on trail runs again in the country, it constantly reminded me of the fact that I wasnt keeping up with my usual pace. I turned my watch off, thinking that would allow me to enjoy my su
14、rroundings and find the peace I expected, but I worried I was under performing. “Why cant I let go and just enjoy myself? ” I wondered. But after some introspection(反省), I realized why I was strugglingboth on trail runs and in graduate school. Going into my Ph. D. , I had thought that my solid under
15、graduate track record would set me up for instant success. To my surprise, I was wrong. I lacked confidence in my research abilities which I thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt my progress was too slow. Other students self-confidence and their excellent results made me feel inse
16、cure. Finally, one day I broke down in tears in my adviser s office. Then came my visit home: I was having trouble because I hadnt properly adjusted my expectations to the differences between an urban run and a trail run. A Ph. D. is like a trail run: Sometimes you can run fast. Sometimes you might
17、find yourself climbing up a steep, winding trail at a snails pace. And thats OK. Barriers are unavoidable, and success looks and feels different on a challenging trail than it does on a smooth, flat path. Sometimes its best to take a deep breath and do your best to meet the challenge. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文
18、。主要讲述了作者在城市水泥路上和在乡村小路上跑步时的不同感受, 反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因, 告诉读者要学会根据情况来调整自己的预期, 去收获成功与满足。4. How did the author feel when he was on trail runs again? A. Relaxed. B. Tired. C. Anxious. D. Happy. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段的“but I worried I was under performing”可知, 在乡村小路上跑步没能让作者放松, 相反却感到焦虑, 故选C。5. What resulted in the
19、 authors poor performance in Ph. D. ? A. His lack of confidence. B. His lack of hard work. C. His poor research abilities. D. His poor track record. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段中“I lacked confidence in my research abilities which I thought stopped me performing well and I constantly felt my progress was too s
20、low. ”可知, 作者在学业方面差是由于自己对自己的研究能力缺乏自信, 故选A。6. What does the author want to show in the last paragraph? A. His desire for success. B. His confidence of trail runs. C. His expectations in his study. D. His realization after the trail run. 【解析】选D。推理判断题。上文中作者对比了在城市水泥路上跑步和在乡村小路上跑步的不同, 因此在文章末段作者表达了自己在经历这件事后
21、的领悟, 故选D。7. What does the author want to tell us? A. Failure is the mother of success. B. Working out regularly is beneficial. C. Its important to make necessary adjustments. D. Its vital to turn to others for help. 【解析】选C。推理判断题。作者在文章中主要通过自己跑步时不同感受的对比, 反省了自己在博士课程方面不如意的原因, 告诉读者要学会根据不同的情况来调整自己的预期, 故选C
22、。. 阅读填句Every student has his/her own style of studying and its up to you to use the available resources to be as effective and productive as possible. Here are some tips on how to study effectively. Know yourself. When determining the best approach, you need to assess your personality. Some people c
23、an read for hours while others cant sit still through more than one chapter. Find your pace, improve it and work around your strengths and weaknesses. 1If you prefer being alone, learn to study by yourself. Set a goal. 2Itll not only help you keep focused and stay on track, but itll also help you or
24、ganize your time and activities. Learn over time. Its impossible to learn a lot of things in a short time. If you dont know or understand the lesson from the start, you wont get it the night before your big test. 34Allocate(分配) your time between studying and other activities. Create a routine schedu
25、le for your studying time. Strictly follow this schedule so as to develop an effective studying session. Have time to rest. Its necessary to have enough time to rest in order to regain all the energy used up by the body from all the studying. 5Communicate with other people and participate in recreat
26、ional activities to help you relax and refresh your mind. Following the tips above, you can easily have your way of studying effectively! A. Have good study habits. B. Set a realistic and reasonable schedule. C. Try to discover the type of reading that best suits you. D. Your mind wont be so sharp i
27、f you dont have enough sleep. E. You need to determine what you want to achieve in a given subject. F. If you need other people to help you, get a tutor(导师) or join a study group. G. Its best to study smaller loads of information repeatedly over a period of time. 【语篇概述】本文为一篇说明文。介绍了一些关于如何有效学习的建议。1. 【
28、解析】选F。后文“如果你喜欢独处, 就学会自学。”F项“如果你需要其他人帮助你, 找一个导师或加入一个学习小组。”与后文有明显的对比含义, 但均为描述围绕自己的个性确定最佳方法。故选F项。2. 【解析】选E。结合前文“设定一个目标”, E项“你需要确定你想在一个给定的科目上取得什么成绩。”与前文的“goal”相对应, 具体解释设定的目标。故选E项。3. 【解析】选G。前文提到“在短时间内学很多东西是不可能的。”G项“最好在一段时间内反复研究较少量的信息。”为前文的结论, 既然短时间不可能学很多东西, 因此最好在一段时间内反复研究较少量的信息。故选G项。4. 【解析】选B。后文提到“为你的学习时
29、间制订一个例行时间表。严格按照这个时间表进行, 以便形成一个有效的学习周期。”B项“制订一个现实合理的时间表。”总结本段的内容, 与后文“schedule”对应。故选B项。5. 【解析】选D。前文提到需要“有时间休息。” D项“如果你没有足够的睡眠, 你的头脑就不会那么敏锐。”“rest”与“sleep”对应, 阐述没有足够时间休息的后果。故选D项。【素养培优】【话题小写作】请根据上述阅读和下面的提示写一篇150个词左右的短文。每个人都有自己的困难, 以正确的态度面对困难是非常重要的。有些人没有用自己的能力来克服困难。他们的态度是消极的。积极的方法是利用你的能力清除你生活中出现的困难而不是逃避
30、它们。Life is not always full of smiles and flowers. Every person has his own difficulties no matter how high his position or how great his achievement is. So it is of vital importance to have a correct attitude facing up to difficulties._Some people feel so dejected about their difficulties that they
31、fall into pessimism;_ others resort to putting the blame on others, the society or circumstance;_ still others are frightened by difficulties and give up halfway. All these people dont use their abilities to overcome difficulties. So their attitudes are negative._The positive method is to utilize your ability to clear away your difficulties that appear in your way of life rather than run away from them. Confront difficulties with joyful energy and enthusiasm, and you will find the difficulties are really not so hard as they appear and they will disappear in due course._