1、定语从句()观察例句1There are many reasons why this has been possible，but one of the main factors has been the Chinese writing system.2.as it was a time when people were divided geographically.3Emperor Qinshihuang united the seven major states into one unified country where the Chinese writing system began t
2、o develop in one direction.4I told my mum that I wanted to give up，and that I would never live in a country where German was spoken.5I finally understood the reason why my mum had encouraged me not to give up.6Then I saw an advertisement that offered a wonderful summer course in German，and that was
3、the day when I decided to take on a new language.归纳用法一、关系副词的用法关系副词在引导定语从句时，其功能相当于介词短语，在句中作状语。when，where，why在定语从句中分别作时间状语、地点状语和原因状语。1when指时间，在定语从句中作时间状语。I still remember the day when I first went to the Great Wall.我还记得我第一次去长城的那一天。The day when we get together will come soon.我们重聚的日子很快就会来的。名师点津若时间名词后面的定
4、语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。Do you remember the days(which/that)we spent together?你还记得我们一起度过的那些日子吗？(关系代词在从句中作宾语)2where指地点，在定语从句中作地点状语。The house where I lived ten years ago has been pulled down.我10年前居住的那所房子已经被拆了。He is now working in the factory where his father worked.现在他正在他父亲工作过的那家工厂工作。名师点津若地点名词
5、后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。The school(which/that)we visited yesterday is newly built.我们昨天参观的那所学校是新建的。(关系代词在从句中作宾语)3why指原因，在定语从句中作原因状语。The reason why he succeeded in the exam is that he studied very hard.他考试成功的原因是他学习很认真。名师点津若reason后面的定语从句的引导词在从句中作主语或宾语，则改用which或that。This is the reason(which/
6、that)our teacher gave us for doing it.这就是我们老师给我们的做此事的理由。(关系代词在从句中作宾语)He gave me a reason which/that was reasonable.他给了我一个合情合理的理由。(关系代词在从句中作主语)即学即练1用适当的关系副词填空He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.Could you tell me the reason why she
7、 refused to go abroad?二、“介词which/whom”引导的定语从句1“介词关系代词”结构引导定语从句时，关系代词只能用which(指物)或whom(指人)，即介词which/whom，且不能省略。If you have anything on which you want my opinions，feel free to see me.如果你们有什么事需要征求我的意见的话，随时来找我。I took a photo of the students，among whom was seated a teacher.我给这些学生拍了一张照片，他们中间坐着一位老师。2“介词关系代
8、词(which/whom)”中介词的选择：一先，二动，三意义。“一先”，即根据先行词来确定介词。The factory in which Im working mainly produces computers.我工作所在的工厂主要生产电脑。(in which代替in the factory，“在工厂里”用介词in。)“二动”，即根据定语从句中的谓语动词来确定介词。In the dark street there wasnt a single person to whom she could turn for help.在漆黑的街道上她没有一个人可以求助。(to whom代替to a pers
9、on；turn to sb.for help“向某人求助”。)“三意义”，即根据定语从句的意义来确定介词。In the office I never seem to have time until after 5：30p.m.，by which time many people have gone home.在办公室里，我要到下午5：30之后才能有点空闲，到那时，许多人已经回家了。3介词前有时加名词、数词、不定代词，构成“名词/数词/不定代词of which/whom”结构，在定语从句中作主语。English is a language shared by several diverse cu
10、ltures，each of which uses it differently.英语是一种多元文化共享的语言，每一种文化使用它的方式各不相同。I collected some books，the covers of which(whose covers/of which the covers)are yellow with years.我收藏了一些书，它们的封面因年代久远都变黄了。4“复合介词which”引导的定语从句，常用逗号与先行词隔开，而且定语从句常用倒装语序。He lived in a big house，in front of which stood a big tall tree
11、.他住在一幢大房子里，房前有一棵大树。名师点津(1)当定语从句中的谓语动词短语是固定搭配不可分割时，那么该动词短语中的介词不能前置，如listen to，look at，look for，look into，depend on，make use of，pay attention to，take care of等。This is the pen which Im looking for.这是我正在找的那支钢笔。(2)“介词where”和“介词which”的用法不同，如：His head soon appeared out of the window，from where he saw nothi
12、ng but trees.他的头很快从窗口露出来，从那儿除了树木他什么也看不见。(from where相当于from out of the window，而不是from the window)即学即练2单句语法填空Scientists have come up with many theories about why humans cry，none of which has been proved.The old man has two sons，both of whom are lawyers.My computer，without which I cant surf the Interne
13、t，broke down yesterday.单句语法填空1The valley where the town lies is very beautiful.2I will never forget the days when we stayed together in the countryside.3There was a period of time in his childhood when he liked listening to stories very much.4I know the girl whom the teacher talked with yesterday.5S
14、he has two sons，both of whom graduated from Harvard University.6The reason why he was late was that something was wrong with his bike on the way.7The house for which he paid 200,000 yuan is now worth 350,000 yuan.8The man from whom I got a letter was my brother.9We visited the car factory where my u
15、ncle once worked three years ago.10This is the factory that/which I visited last year.短文语法填空(用适当的关系词填空)There was a time 1.when I was tired of learning English and disliked to speak English.And this was the reason 2.why my father forced me to join in a 30day training in an English club before I went
16、to senior high school.When I first came to the club，3.where I met many strangers，I missed my parents very much.So I packed up my things and wanted to go home.Fortunately，my guide teacher 4.whose name was Li Yang，communicated with me face to face，from 5.which I gained some useful instructions.He also
17、 showed me a good partner，and we got along well with each other.Gradually I adapted to the life there.Every day I would like to talk to other teenagers and set down a series of activities 6.that/which we did.My father and the guide 7.who/that encouraged me to fall in love with English should be appr
18、eciated. Now I feel it interesting to learn English，into 8.which I put my entire energy.Before I go to sleep，I recall my passage，through 9.which I can memorize a large number of new words.10.As our English teacher says，“As long as we form the habit of learning English every day and have perseverance，we will conquer English sooner or later.”