1、内蒙古通辽新城第一中学2021届高三英语下学期第四次增分训练试题（含解析）时间:100分钟 分值: 150分注意事项：1. 本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分，共150分，考试时间100分钟。答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名，准考证号填写在答题卡的相应位置，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。2. 回答第I卷(选择题)时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。3.回答II卷时，按照题号顺序在答题卡上各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在草稿纸上、试卷上或答题卡非题号对应的答题区域的答案一律无效。第一
2、部分：听力 （略）第二部分 阅读理解 （共两节， 满分40分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 AReykjavik, IcelandAlthough Icelands capital city is one of Europes coldest spots, it has plenty of natural hot springs to warm up in and some of the best can be found in the Nauthlsvk area of the c
3、ity. The annual Winter Lights Festival, which takes place in February, is a spectacular celebration.Visitors can try their hand at a range of winter sports or skate on the citys Tjornin pond. Many cozy coffee houses sell rgbraue locally made, dark, sweet bread. “An unmissable experience during winte
4、r is a dip in one of the citys many outdoor geothermal (地热的) swimming pools,” says Eliza Reid, who co-founded icelandwritersretreat. com with Erica Green. “There is no experience quite like being in these naturally warm waters with snowflakes tickling your nose. Each swimming pool has its own charac
5、ter, and everyone has their favorite.”Where to sleep: Owned by Icelandair, Hotel Marina is a colorful hotel located in one of the citys trendiest districts.Hotel Marina, Myrargata 2, Reykjavk; +354 560 8000.Where to eat: Dill Restaurant in the Nordic House cultural center. Chef Gunnar Karl Gslason i
6、s enthusiastic about local produce and the food here is some of the freshest in Iceland.Dill Restaurant, Sturlugotu 5, Reykjavk; +354 552 1522.What to do: Harpa, the citys concert hall, was designed by Danish-Icelandic artist Olafur Eliasson to reflect Icelands geology. Its constructed from more tha
7、n a thousand glass blocks.Harpa, Austurbakki 2, Reykjavk, +354 428 5000; daily, 8 a.m. -midnight.1. What can we know about rgbraue?A. Its a winter sport.B. Its a coffee shop.C. Its a kind of breadD. Its a locally-built pond.2. Who can help you taste local food?A. Eliza Reid.B. Erica Green.C. Olafur
8、Eliasson.D. Gunnar Karl Gslason.3. What can visitors do in Reykjavk?A. Dive in a river.B. Enjoy a concert.C. Skate in outdoor swimming pools.D. Celebrate Summer Lights Festival.【答案】1. C 2. D 3. B【解析】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了冰岛首都雷克雅维克冬季的一些游览参观的活动，包括住宿和饮食信息。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“Many cozy coffee houses sell r
9、gbraue locally made, dark, sweet bread.（许多舒适的咖啡馆出售rgbraue当地制造的黑面包和甜面包。）”可知，rgbraue是一种面包。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Where to eat部分的“Chef Gunnar Karl Gslason is enthusiastic about local produce and the food here is some of the freshest in Iceland.（厨师Gunnar Karl Gslason对当地农产品很感兴趣并且这里的食物是冰岛最新鲜的。）”可知，Gunnar Karl
10、Gslason可以帮助品尝美食。故选D。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据文章最后一段“Harpa, the citys concert hall, was designed by Danish-Icelandic artist Olafur Eliasson to reflect Icelands geology.（Harpa音乐厅是由丹麦裔冰岛艺术家Olafur Eliasson设计的，以反映冰岛的地质情况。）”可推知，作者建议游客去Harpa音乐大厅，这表明可以听音乐会。故选B。BA 45-second video of a Nigerian boy dancing barefoot in t
11、he rain has landed the dancer a scholarship at New Yorks ABT Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis School of Dance.Anthony s dance video went viral on social media with hundreds of thousands of views from people all over the globe. The video eventually caught the attention of Cynthia Harvey, a former principle
12、 dancer with American Ballet Theater and the current artistic director of the ABT Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis School of Dance, one of Americas most distinguished ballet schools. A friend who lives in the UK sent me the video.” Harvey told C. “Within a day, I was trying to find him.”Two days later, Ha
13、rvey managed to contact the boy and his teacher. Soon after, she had arranged for full scholarships so Anthony could attend the ABT virtual Young Dancer Summer Workshop, a three-week intensive program. A child who shows this much devotion, you just have to help, she said. Anthonys teacher, Daniel Aj
14、ala Owoseni, is a self-taught dancer who opened the Leap of Dance Academy in his own small home. The video of Anthony was filmed outside of his home due to limited space inside.It made us just feel very astonished and grateful. We can not believe our eyes, and so much support, sometimes we think wer
15、e dreaming. God has been so gracious to us by providing all these things.Anthony is very excited and has always been a hard worker, so he is happy to continue working towards his dreams and have this opportunity, Owoseni told Bored Panda.4. How did Harvey learn about the boy?A. His teacher recommend
16、ed him to her.B. She found him in the UK.C. She happened to see him performing online.D. She watched his video from a friend.5. Why did Harvey try to help Anthony?A. She was deeply touched by him.B. Her friend asked her to do so.C. Her school was expecting students.D. She wanted to realize her dream
17、.6. What does the underlined word “gracious” in the last paragraph probably mean?A. Light-hearted.B. Kind-hearted.C. Sensitive.D. Honest.7. What can we infer about Anthony from the text?A. He never went to school.B. He learned dance by himself.C. He is hard-working and ambitious.D. He opened a dance
18、 school.【答案】4. D 5. A 6. B 7. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。一段45秒的视频显示，一名尼日利亚男孩在雨中赤脚跳芭蕾舞，这名非洲男孩因此获得了ABT（美国芭蕾舞剧院）杰奎琳肯尼迪奥纳西斯舞蹈学校的奖学金。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“A friend who lives in the UK sent me the video.” Harvey told C.”可知，“一个住在英国的朋友把这段视频发给了我，”哈维告诉辛辛那提网。由此可知，哈维是通过朋友发来的视频看到这个男孩的。故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“A child who shows
19、 this much devotion, you just have to help, she said.”可知，孩子表现出这么多对芭蕾舞的热情，你就得帮助他。她说。由此判断出，哈维为什么要帮安东尼是她被他深深感动了。故选A项。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据最后一段“We can not believe our eyes, and so much support, sometimes we think were dreaming.”可知，我们不敢相信自己的眼睛，有如此多的支持，有时我们认为我们是在做梦。以及“by providing all these things.” 赐给我们这一切。可知，上
20、帝是如此的仁慈，如此的热心。故选划线词的意思是“ 热心的”。故选B项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Anthony is very excited and has always been a hard worker, so he is happy to continue working towards his dreams and have this opportunity,”可知，安东尼非常高兴，他一直都是一个努力的人，所以他很高兴能继续朝着自己的梦想努力，并很高兴获得这次机会。由此可知，安东尼是一个努力的且雄心勃勃的人。故填C。CA new study has found that
21、 safety equipment could prevent more than 40 percent of crashes in which tractor-trailers rear-end (追尾) other vehicles.The survey also found that when the rear-end crashes happened, safety systems were able to cut speeds by over 50 percent, resulting in fewer injuries and less damage.The survey was
22、a project of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety, a research group supported by companies that insure owners of motor vehicles. The institutes Eric Teoh did the study. He examined crash records from 62 trucking companies that operate tractor-trailers or other large trucks. He found about 2000
23、 crashes. Those accidents involved vehicles that travelled more than 3.2 billion kilometers from 2017 to 2019.The safety systems use cameras, radar and other sensors to watch the roadway. Some are designed to warn drivers of dangers, while more complex systems will stop the trucks.Trucks with crash
24、warning systems reduced rear crashes by 44 percent, while automatic emergency braking systems cut rear crashes by 41 percent, the study found. The institute called on the federal government to require such systems on new large trucks. It noted that many truck operators are already adding emergency b
25、raking on their own. The study found that trucks equipped with a crash warning system had 22 percent fewer crashes than those without the technology. Trucks with emergency braking system had 12 percent fewer crashes.Teoh said the findings could be valuable for trucking companies and drivers who are
26、considering whether to get safety devices on their next vehicles. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration said in a statement it is nearly finished with its own study on driver assist technology on heavy vehicles. It has been urging the voluntary use of systems such as emergency braking.I
27、n the United States, there are currently no requirements for either system. In Europe, automatic emergency braking with forward collision warning has been required by the European Union on most new large trucks since late 2013, the institute said.8. Why is safety equipment advised to be used?A. To c
28、ompletely avoid rear-end crashes.B. To reduce injuries and damage.C. To prevent all traffic accidents.D. To travel further more comfortably.9. How did Teoh carry out the survey?A. By interviewing drivers.B. By consulting some companies.C. By comparing different trucks.D. By studying the data collect
29、ed.10. What does Paragraph 4 mainly talk about?A. The benefit of safety systems.B. The introduction of the study.C. The types of safety systems.D. The principle of warning systems.11. What can be inferred about the emergency braking systems?A. They are required to be used in America.B. The European
30、Union urges all drivers to use them.C. Some truck drivers are volunteering to use them.D. They will be used by all drivers.【答案】8. B 9. D 10. A 11. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。Eric Teoh和他的团队发明了一套道路安全系统，它利用摄像机、雷达和其他传感器来监视道路，可以大大减少道路伤亡和损害。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“ when the rear-end crashes happened, safety systems were
31、able to cut speeds by over 50 percent, resulting in fewer injuries and less damage.(当发生追尾事故时，安全系统能够将车速降低50%以上，从而减少伤亡和损害。)”可知，使用安全系统可以减少伤亡和损害，故选B。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段“He examined crash records from 62 trucking companies that operate tractor-trailers or other large trucks. He found about 2000 crashes. Th
32、ose accidents involved vehicles that travelled more than 3.2 billion kilometers from 2017 to 2019.( 他检查了62家经营拖拉机挂车或其他大型卡车的卡车运输公司的事故记录。他发现大约有2000起撞车事故。2017年至2019年，这些事故涉及的车辆行驶里程超过32亿公里。)”可知， Teoh通过研究收集到的数据进行调查，故选D。【10题详解】主旨大意题。根据第四段“Trucks with crash warning systems reduced rear crashes by 44 percent,
33、 while automatic emergency braking systems cut rear crashes by 41 percent(装有碰撞预警系统的卡车发生的追尾事故减少了44%，而装有自动紧急制动系统的卡车发生的追尾事故减少了41%)”，“The study found that trucks equipped with a crash warning system had 22 percent fewer crashes than those without the technology(研究发现，配备了碰撞预警系统的卡车发生的事故比没有该技术的卡车少22%).”和“Tr
34、ucks with emergency braking system had 12 percent fewer crashes(配备紧急制动系统的卡车撞车事故减少了12%).”可知，该段主要讲述安全系统的好处，故选A。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据倒数第二段“Teoh said the findings could be valuable for trucking companies and drivers who are considering whether to get safety devices on their next vehicles.( Teoh说，研究结果对卡车公司和正在考
35、虑是否在他们的下一辆车上安装安全装置的司机来说很有价值)”和“It has been urging the voluntary use of systems such as emergency braking. (该公司一直在敦促人们自愿使用紧急制动等系统。)”可推断出，一些卡车司机自愿使用它们，故选C。DWhen restaurants first shut down early in the pandemic, Americans raided grocery stores. They started cooking more at home and, probably, producin
36、g more leftovers. Those leftovers can be a convenient future meal but theyve got a dark side, too.“Theres a tendency that if you put an item on a plate thats a leftover, theres a higher probability that youre not going to fully consume that item. And so its probably going to waste.”With his colleagu
37、es, Brian Roe, an applied economist at the Ohio State University, recently studied leftovers and food waste by tracking the eating habits of 18 men and women in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. The participants tracked what they ate using an iPhone app. And during the week-long study, the study subjects tota
38、lly piled 1,200 different foods on their plates.After analyzing what got eaten, saved or thrown away, the researchers found that leftovers were more likely to be picked at and not fully eaten a finding we can all probably identify with.But they also observed that leftovers perhaps due to being older
39、 and less fresh directed diners attention to the other, more novel items on their plate, which brings up an interesting possible strategy to get people to eat their veggies.“I guess if you have an item that you dont eat normally and youre trying to get people to eat it, perhaps surrounding it with l
40、eftovers is a way to make them focus on the newest item on the plate.”Overall, Roe says one bigger lesson appeared on how to avoid throwing food into the dustbin.“For us, the real take-home here was: all else equal, choose a smaller meal, and youre less likely to generate leftovers. And thats a good
41、 thing because leftovers, all else equal, tend to be wasted more often.“Im guilty of this myself: we have things left over from last Thanksgiving still sitting in our freezer. And I know people whove moved with frozen items before without ever getting around to eating them.”12. Whats the disadvantag
42、e of the leftovers?A. Leading to bad habits.B. Tendency towards waste.C. Lack of deliciousness.D. Causing a feeling of guilt.13. What is Roes suggestion for people to avoid leftovers?A. Trying to cook less generally.B. Putting the food in the fridge.C. Cooking more vegetables.D. Dining with a phone
43、in hand.14. Why did Roe feel guilty of himself?A. He moved with frozen food.B. He threw leftovers in the dustbin.C. He had some leftovers uneaten.D. He always cooked more dishes.15. What is the text mainly about?A. Americans cooked more in the pandemic.B. More researches should be done on waste.C. G
44、ood eating habits can make you healthy.D. Leftovers are actually a food-waste problem.【答案】12. B 13. A 14. C 15. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要说明了剩菜可能导致食物浪费的问题，并介绍了相关研究和研究人员对此的看法。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Theres a tendency that if you put an item on a plate thats a leftover, theres a higher probability that youre no
45、t going to fully consume that item. And so its probably going to waste.(如果你把吃剩的东西放在盘子里，那么你很有可能吃不完。所以它可能会被浪费掉)”可知，剩菜会导致浪费是剩菜的不利之处。故选B。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段中“For us, the real take-home here was: all else equal, choose a smaller meal, and youre less likely to generate leftovers.(对我们来说，真正的收获是：在其他条件相同的情况下
46、，选择做一顿少一些的饭，这样就不太可能产生剩饭)”可知，Roe对人们避免吃剩饭的建议是尽量少做饭。故选A。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中“Im guilty of this myself: we have things left over from last Thanksgiving still sitting in our freezer. (我自己也对此感到内疚：我们的冰箱里还放着去年感恩节剩下的东西)”可知，Roe对自己感到内疚因为他有一些剩菜没吃。故选C。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“When restaurants first shut down early in
47、the pandemic, Americans raided grocery stores. They started cooking more at home and, probably, producing more leftovers. Those leftovers can be a convenient future meal but theyve got a dark side, too.(当餐馆在疫情早期关闭时，美国人突袭了杂货店。他们开始更多地在家做饭，而且，可能会产生更多的剩饭剩菜。这些剩菜可以成为以后方便的一餐但它们也有不好的一面)”以及第二段“Theres a tende
48、ncy that if you put an item on a plate thats a leftover, theres a higher probability that youre not going to fully consume that item. And so its probably going to waste.(如果你把吃剩的东西放在盘子里，那么你很有可能吃不完。所以它可能会被浪费掉)”结合文章主要说明了剩菜可能导致食物浪费的问题，并介绍了相关研究和研究人员对此的看法。由此可知，文章主要讲的是剩菜实际上是食物浪费问题。故选D。第二节（共 5 小题；每小题 2 分，满分
49、 10 分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。 Want to live longer? _16_! Only about 25% of our optimism is programmed by our genes. The rest is up to us and how we respond to lifes lemons. Here are simple mental exercises you can do encourage an optimistic outlook.Imagine your best possible selfOn
50、e of the most effective ways to increase optimism is called the “Best Possible Self” method. One technique, for example, is to write for 15 minutes about a future day in your life in which youve accomplished everything you wish. Then spend five minutes imagining that reality. _17_Keep a journal of p
51、ositivesMany of us can easily recite a lot of negative things that have happened to us each day. _18_. Thats why keeping a daily journal in which you list the positive experiences you had that day can help shape your outlook._19_Taking a few minutes each day to write down what makes you thankful can
52、 improve your outlook on life. Studies have shown that practicing gratefulness improves positive coping skills by breaking the typical negative thinking style and substituting optimism. Counting blessings even reduces problem behavior in adolescents.Practice mindfulness(正念)Simply bring to mind peopl
53、e that are in our lives from whom we have received some kind of help. You can spend one minute each morning and each evening doing this. The appreciation can foster a sense of optimism about the future. It will need to be practiced on a regular basis to keep the brains positive outlook in good shape
54、. _20_.This is really about nurturing the mind. And there is ample evidence to suggest that there are real psychological and physical health-related benefits.A. Be gratefulB. Be an optimistC. Everyone wants to live longD. But mindfulness itself isnt easyE. But the effort is definitely worth itF. Whe
55、n asked what has gone well, we might hesitateG. Practicing this daily can significantly improve your positive feelings【答案】16. B 17. G 18. F 19. A 20. E【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章提出了一些关于提高自己乐观情绪的建议。【16题详解】根据空前的“Want to live longer?（想活得更长吗？）”和下文“Here are simple mental exercises you can do encourage an optimist
56、ic outlook.（下面是一些简单的心理练习，你可以做这些练习来鼓励自己保持乐观的心态。）”可知，空处承上启下，提出文章主题“当一个乐观主义者”。B项：Be an optimist（当一个乐观主义者）符合语境。故选B。17题详解】根据本段主旨句“One of the most effective ways to increase optimism is called the “Best Possible Self” method.（增加乐观最有效的方法之一被称为“最好的自我”方法。）”可知，本段主要介绍了一种有效的方法，空处进行总结，说明这种方法的好处。G项：Practicing this
57、 daily can significantly improve your positive feelings（每天练习能显著改善你的积极情绪）符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】根据下文“Thats why keeping a daily journal in which you list the positive experiences you had that day can help shape your outlook.（这就是为什么每天写日记，列出当天的积极经历可以帮助塑造你的人生观的原因。）”可知，空处解释了坚持每天写日记列出积极的事情的原因。F项：When asked what h
58、as gone well, we might hesitate.（当被问及什么进展顺利时，我们可能会犹豫）符合语境。故选F。【19题详解】空处为段落小标题。根据下文“Taking a few minutes each day to write down what makes you thankful can improve your outlook on life.（每天花几分钟写下让你感恩的事情可以改善你对生活的看法。）”可知，本段主要建议我们要心存感激。A项：Be grateful（心存感激）符合语境。故选A。【20题详解】根据本段小标题“Practice mindfulness（练习正念
59、）”和上文“It will need to be practiced on a regular basis to keep the brains positive outlook in good shape.（它需要经常练习，以保持大脑的积极前景处于良好状态。）”可知，为了保持正念，我们需要不断在一个基础上练习，是指我们付出的努力，结合下文“This is really about nurturing the mind. And there is ample evidence to suggest that there are real psychological and physical h
60、ealth-related benefits.（这其实是培养心智的问题。而且有充分的证据表明，在心理和身体健康方面确实有好处。）”可知，此处是在说明练习正念的好处。空处说明付出的努力是值得的。E项：But the effort is definitely worth it（但是努力绝对是值得的）符合语境。故选E。第三部分 语言知识运用（共两节，满分 45 分）第一节 （共 20 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 30 分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的 A、B、C 和 D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Paris Williams is six years old. This li
61、ttle girl is driven by a task to help others who are less _21_. “I wanted to give something to the _22_.” Paris explained. Paris might not have had _23_ like some figures in movies, but she didnt let that _24_ her. Turning instead to more practical magic and the _25_ of her parents, Paris filled and
62、 _26_ more than 500 care packages containing food and some _27_ necessities to downtown St. Louiss homeless people, as well as_28_ approximately 250 meals to on-duty workers.But Paris wasnt _29_ to simply donate goods. It was important for her to make a(n)_30_ with the people she was trying to help.
63、 After _31_ each package herself, Paris drew a picture and _32_ a personal message on each one to create the kind of human connection that many of the homeless_33_ lack.“It makes me really _34_ because this small child who is entering first grade has such a big heart,” her mother said. “She wants to
64、 _35_. She wants to help others.”Paris has already _36_ a lot by anyones standards, but she thinks shes only just getting started. Shes _37_ holding a hot-food project for the homeless and also hopes to start a toy fund for kids _38_.“I want to _39_ more people to do good things,” Paris said. Out of
65、 the mouth of the child, comes not only wisdom, but _40_ as well.21. A. energeticB. fortunateC. familiarD. generous22. A. injuredB. oldC. homelessD. disabled23. A. magicB. imaginationC. creditD. contribution24. A. stopB. ruinC. touchD. disturb25. A. beliefB. qualityC. ruleD. help26. A. keptB. delive
66、redC. lentD. sold27. A. basicB. uniqueC. expensiveD. rare28. A. sorting outB. giving upC. handing outD. putting away29. A. activeB. satisfiedC. foolishD. confident30. A. appointmentB. decisionC. agreementD. link31. A. fillingB. decoratingC. admiringD. measuring32. A. downloadedB. tookC. basedD. wrot
67、e33. A. slightlyB. secretlyC. extremelyD. hardly34. A. worriedB. independentC. wealthyD. proud35. A. smileB. giveC. workD. read36. A. sufferedB. understoodC. achievedD. invented37. A. looking forward toB. catching sight ofC. getting rid ofD. watching out for38. A. in dangerB. in chargeC. in debtD. i
68、n need39. A. warnB. inspireC. remindD. permit40. A. curiosityB. humorC. kindnessD. intelligence【答案】21. B 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. D 26. B 27. A 28. C 29. B 30. D 31. A 32. D 33. C 34. D 35. B 36. C 37. A 38. D 39. B 40. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了六岁的小女孩帕里斯威廉姆斯帮助无家可归的人的故事。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这个小女孩的使命是帮助那些不幸的
69、人。A. energetic精力充沛的；B. fortunate幸运的；C. familiar熟悉的；D. generous慷慨的，大方的。根据下文“more than 500 care packages containing food and some _7_ necessities to downtown St. Louiss homeless people”可知，Paris Williams帮助无家可归的人，即那些不幸的人。故选B。【22题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：帕里斯解释说：“我想给无家可归的人一些东西。”A. injured受伤的；B old老的；C. homeless无家可
70、归的；D. disabled残疾的。根据下文“some _7_ necessities to downtown St. Louiss homeless people”可知，此处是信息词homeless的词汇复现。故选C。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：帕里斯也许不像电影里的某些人物那样有魔力，但她并没有因此而止步。A. magic魔法；B. imagination想象力；C. credit信用，学分；D. contribution贡献，捐款。根据“Turning instead to more practical magic”可知，此处是信息词magic的词汇复现，表示帕里斯也许不像电影
71、里的某些人物那样有魔力。故选A。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. stop停止；B. ruin毁灭，破坏；C. touch触摸；D. disturb打扰。根据“Paris might not have had _3_ like some figures in movies”和“but”可知，此处表示她并没有因此而止步。故选A。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Paris转而求助于更实际的魔法和父母的帮助，她为圣路易斯市中心的无家可归者填满并投递了500多个爱心包裹，其中包括食物和一些基本生活必需品，还为当班的工作人员分发了大约250份餐点。A. belief信念；B. qua
72、lity质量；C. rule规则；D. help帮助。根据“Turning instead to more practical magic”可知，此处表示向父母寻求帮助。故选D。【26题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. kept保持；B. delivered递送；C. lent借出；D. sold卖。根据“But Paris wasnt _9_ to simply donate goods.”可知，她为圣路易斯市中心的无家可归者填满并投递了500多个爱心包裹。故选B。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意同上。A. basic基础的；B. unique独一无二的；C. expensive
73、昂贵的；D. rare稀少的，罕见的。根据“necessities to downtown St. Louiss homeless people”可知，其中包括食物和一些基本生活必需品。故选A。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意同上。A. sorting out分类，整理；B. giving up放弃；C. handing out分发；D. putting away把收起来。根据“approximately 250 meals to on-duty workers”可知，此处表示为当班的工作人员分发了大约250份餐点。故选C。【29题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：但帕里斯并不满足于简单地捐
74、赠物品。A. active积极的；B. satisfied满意的；B. foolish愚蠢的；D. confident自信的。根据“After _11_ each package herself, Paris drew a picture and _12_ a personal message on each one to create the kind of human connection”可知，帕里斯并不满足于简单地捐赠物品。故选B。30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对她来说，与她想要帮助的人建立联系是很重要的。A. appointment约定；B. decision决定；C. agr
75、eement同意，一致；D. link连接。根据“a personal message on each one to create the kind of human connection”可知，她除了捐赠物品，还与她想要帮助的人建立联系。故选D。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：帕里斯自己把每个包裹都填满后，在每一个包裹上画了一幅画，并写上了个人信息，以建立一种许多无家可归者极度缺乏的人际联系。A. filling填满，装满；B. decorating装饰；C. admiring钦佩，欣赏；D. measuring测量，度量。根据“Paris filled and _6_ more th
76、an 500 care packages containing food”可知，此处是信息词fill的词汇复现。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意同上。A. downloaded下载；B. took拿走；C. based以为基础；D. wrote写。根据“a personal message on each one to create the kind of human connection”可知，她在每一个包裹上画了一幅画，并写上了个人信息。故选D。【33题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意同上。A. slightly轻微地；B. secretly秘密地；C. extremely极端，非
77、常；D. hardly几乎不。根据上文“It was important for her to make a(n)_10_ with the people she was trying to help.”可知，人与人之间建立联系是无家可归的人极度缺乏的。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：她的母亲说:“这让我感到非常骄傲，因为这个即将上一年级的孩子有着如此宽广的心胸。”A. worried担心的；B. independent独立的；C. wealthy富有的；D. proud骄傲的。根据“because this small child who is entering first
78、grade has such a big heart”可知，一个小孩子有着如此宽广的心胸，这让母亲感到骄傲。故选D。【35题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“她想给予。她想帮助别人。”A. smile微笑；B. give给；C. work工作；D. read阅读。根据上文“I wanted to give something to the _2_.” Paris explained.”可知，此处表示她想给予别人东西。故选B。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：以任何人的标准来看，Paris已经取得了很大的成就，但她认为自己才刚刚开始。A. suffered遭受；B. understood理解；
79、C. achieved实现，完成；D. invented发明。根据“but she thinks shes only just getting started.”可知，以别人的标准来看，Paris已经取得了很大的成就。故选C。【37题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：她期待着为无家可归的人举办一个热菜项目，也希望为需要帮助的孩子们设立一个玩具基金。A. looking forward to期望；B. catching sight of发现，看出；C. getting rid of清除；D. watching out for留意，密切注意。根据“and also hopes to start a t
80、oy fund for kids _18_.”可知，空处和“hopes”意思接近。故选A。【38题详解】考查固定短语辨析。句意同上。A. in danger处于危险中；B. in charge负责，主管；C. in debt欠债；D. in need在危难中。根据“also hopes to start a toy fund”可知，她希望为需要帮助的孩子们设立一个玩具基金。故选D。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：“我想激励更多的人去做好事，”帕里斯说。A. warn警告；B. inspire激励，鼓舞；C. remind提醒；D. permit允许。根据上文“Shes _17_ hold
81、ing a hot-food project for the homeless and also hopes to start a toy fund for kids _18_.”可知，此处表示她想激励更多的人去做好事。故选B。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：从孩子嘴里出来的不仅是智慧，还有善良。A. curiosity好奇心；B. humor幽默；C. kindness善良；D. intelligence智慧。根据“She wants to _15_. She wants to help others.”可知，此处表示她是很善良的。故选C。第 卷第二节 （共10小题，每小题1.5分，共
82、15分）阅读下面材料，在空格处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号中单词的正确形式。Its not unusual for a person to help someone else out without getting anything in return. But this_41_(behave) hadnt been seen in birds. Thats why scientists created an experiment_42_ (design) to test whether African grey parrots were willing to help each othe
83、r out.The first step was to teach the parrots to trade tokens (代币) for food, _43_were small metal rings. When the parrots gave these tokens back to the researchers, every time each parrot was given _44_ walnut they enjoyed. Once they knew how_45_(exchange) tokens for walnuts, two parrots were put in
84、 clear plastic cages next to each other, _46_an opening between the two cages.There was a feeding window in both cages that allowed the scientists to give walnuts to the parrots. Then the feeding window _47_(close) for one of the parrots, who had been given ten tokens. The results showed this parrot
85、 that couldnt trade for walnuts would pass a token _48_ (eager), beak-to-beak, to the bird in the next cage, who could then trade it for a walnut.“Many of the parrots tested passed all 10 tokens, always _49_(watch) how their partners got the food and getting nothing for _50_(they). How unselfish the
86、y were!” said Desiree Brucks, the lead scientist.【答案】41. behavior/behaviour 42. designed 43. which 44. a 45. to exchange 46. with 47. was closed 48. eagerly 49. watching 50. themselves【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了一个人帮助别人却没有得到任何回报是很正常的。但这种行为在鸟类中没有发现。这就是为什么科学家们设计了一个实验来测试非洲灰鹦鹉是否愿意互相帮助。【41题详解】考查名词。句意：但这种行为在鸟类
87、中没有发现。根据空后的“hadnt been seen”可知，空处需填名词作主语，behavior/ behaviour意为“行为”，是可数名词，this修饰单数可数名词。故填behavior/ behaviour。【42题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这就是为什么科学家们设计了一个实验来测试非洲灰鹦鹉是否愿意互相帮助。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词created，空处需填非谓语动词作后置定语，修饰名词experiment，design和experiment为逻辑上的动宾关系。故填designed。【43题详解】考查定语从句。句意：第一步是教鹦鹉用代币换食物，也就是小金属环。分析句子结构可知，空
88、处引导非限制性定语从句，先行词tokens，指物，在定语从句中作主语，需用关系代词which引导。故填which。【44题详解】考查冠词。句意：当鹦鹉把这些代币还给研究人员时，每只鹦鹉都会得到一颗它们喜欢的核桃。Walnut意为“核桃”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且walnut发音以辅音音素开头，需用不定冠词a修饰。故填a。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：一旦他们知道如何用代币换核桃，两只鹦鹉就会被放在相邻透明塑料笼子里，两个笼子之间有一个开口。“疑问词+to do”是固定用法，作动词knew的宾语，空处需填动词不定式。故填to exchange。【46题详解】考查介词。句意同上。分析句子
89、结构，此处为with的复合结构作状语，“with+宾语+宾语补足语”为固定结构。故填with。【47题详解】考查动词时态和主谓一致。句意：然后，其中一只鹦鹉的喂食窗口关闭了，这只鹦鹉得到了10枚代币。空处缺少谓语动词，此处陈述过去发生的事情，需用一般过去时，主语the feeding window和close为被动关系，使用被动语态，主语为单数名词，be动词用was。故填was closed。【48题详解】考查副词。句意：结果显示，这只不能交换核桃的鹦鹉会用嘴对嘴热切地将一个代币传递给另一只笼子里的鹦鹉，后者随后可以用它交换核桃。修饰动词would pass，需用副词eagerly作状语。故填
90、eagerly。【49题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：许多鹦鹉通过了所有10个代币测试，总是看着自己的伴侣如何得到食物，而自己却什么都得不到。分析句子结构可知，已有谓语动词tested，空处需填非谓语动词作状语，主语Many of the parrots和watch为逻辑上的主谓关系，需用现在分词形式。故填watching。【50题详解】考查代词。句意同上。句子的主语和宾语一致，需用反身代词作宾语。故填themselves。第四部分 写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节 短文改错 (共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分) 51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文
91、中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（）,并在其下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余词用斜线（）划掉。 修改： 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1.每处错误及其修改均限一词。2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。It was rainy yesterday.My friend Diana and Molly invited me to dinner. I put on my red jacket and black shoes. I didnt forget to taking a gift.
92、 The house was not far so I went on the foot. They were surprising when I arrived. They didnt expect my visit because the terrible weather. They thank me for the chocolate. After dinner, while we were drinking our orange juice and chatting, our friends parents were watching their favorite comedy sho
93、w. Sudden, we heard a noise coming from the kitchen. It was their small cat which fell on the ground or broke a bowl.【答案】1. friendfriends2. takingtake3. on the foot 去掉the4. surprisingsurprised5. because后加of6. thankthanked7. ourmy 8. SuddenSuddenly9. whichthat10. orand【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，短文叙述了昨天作者去朋友家吃饭的
94、故事。【详解】1.考查名词。句意：我的朋友戴安娜和莫莉邀请我去吃晚饭。根据“Diana and Molly”可知，作者的朋友是两个人。故friend改为friends。2.考查动词不定式。句意：我没有忘记带礼物。forget to do sth“忘记要做某事”。故taking改为take。3.考查固定短语。句意：他们的家不远，所以我步行前往。on foot“徒步”为固定短语。故on the foot 去掉the。4.考查形容词。句意：我到的时候他们很惊讶。主语为They，形容词为ed结尾的形容词。故surprising改为surprised。5.考查介词。句意：因为糟糕的天气，他们没有想到我会
95、来。because引导原因状语从句，because of后接名词/代词/动名词。故because后加of。6.考查时态。句意：他们感谢我带去了巧克力。故事发生在过去，所以本句为一般过去时。故thank改为thanked。7.考查代词。句意：晚饭后，当我们喝着橙汁聊天时，我朋友的父母正在看他们最喜欢的喜剧节目。根据句意指“我朋友的父母”，所以人称代词为my。故our改为my。8.考查副词。句意：突然，我们听到厨房里传来的响声。副词修饰句子，置于句首。故Sudden改为Suddenly。9.考查强调句。句意：是他们的小猫掉在了地上，打破了一个碗。分析句子可知，本句为强调句式，it be+强调部分+
96、that+句子。which不能引导强调句。故which改为that。10.考查连词。句意：是他们的小猫掉在了地上，打破了一个碗。分析句子可知“小猫掉在了地上”和“打破了一个碗”为并列关系。故or改为and。第二节 书面表达(满分25分)52. 你的一个善意举动就可以让世界变得更美好，请记述一次你帮助他人的经历，内容包括：1. 时间、地点；2. 帮助过程；3. 个人感受。注意：1. 词数100左右；2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】Last Friday, after I finished seeing the doctor in Beijing Hospital of Traditi
97、onal Chinese Medicine, I met an old lady who was over eighty years old. I learned she had come to the hospital by herself. I thought she must have many difficulties to encounter, so I volunteered to accompany and help her.After the granny saw the doctor, I helped her to receive medical tests and too
98、k the results to the doctor who gave her a prescription. Then I fetched the medicine for the granny. Finally, I helped her get on the bus and waved goodbye to her.I felt delighted to do my little bit of good and spread kindness to the world.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文，要求考生记述一次帮助他人的经历。【详解】1.词汇积累开心的：delighted
99、pleased遭遇：encounterrun into困难：difficultytrouble独自：by oneself=alone2.句式拓展同义句转换原句：Last Friday, after I finished seeing the doctor in Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, I met an old lady who was over eighty years old.拓展句：Last Friday, having finished seeing the doctor in Beijing Hospital
100、of Traditional Chinese Medicine, I met an old lady who was over eighty years old.点睛】高分句型1 Last Friday, after I finished seeing the doctor in Beijing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, I met an old lady who was over eighty years old. (运用了who引导的定语从句)高分句型2 I learned she had come to the hospital by herself. (运用了省略that的宾语从句)