1、Unit 3 Diverse Cultures课时素养检测九Unit 3Period 1. 阅读理解A The modern pizza was originally invented in Naples, Italy, but the word pizza is Greek in origin, derived from the Greek word pktos meaning solid or clotted. The ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils, herbs and cheese. The first major innova
2、tion that led to flatbread pizza was the use of tomato as a topping. It was common for the poor of the area around Naples to add tomatoes to their yeast-based flatbread, and so the pizza began. While it is difficult to say for sure who invented the pizza, it is however believed that modern pizza was
3、 first made by baker Raffaele Esposito of Naples. In fact, a popular urban legend holds that the archetypal(原型的) pizza, Pizza Margherita, was invented in 1890, when the Royal Palace of Capodimonte asked the Neapolitan pizzaiolo Raffaele Esposito to create a pizza in honor of the visiting Queen Margh
4、erita. Of the three different pizzas he created, the Queen strongly preferred a pie wrapped in the colors of the Italian flag : red(tomato), green(basil), and white(mozzarella). Supposedly, this kind of pizza was then named after the Queen as Pizza Margherita. Later, the dish has become popular in m
5、any parts of the world: The first pizzeria, Antica Pizzeria PortAlba, was opened in 1830 in Naples. In North America, the first pizzeria was opened in 1905 by Gennaro Lombardi at 53 Spring Street in New York City. The first Pizza Hut, the chain of pizza restaurants, appeared in the United States in
6、1958. Nowadays, many varieties of pizza exist worldwide, along with several dish variants based upon pizza. 【语篇概述】本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。1. Whats mainly talked about in the text? A. Ways of making pizza. B. The history of pizza. C. Varieties of pizza. D. Stories about pizza. 【解析】选B。主旨大意题。根据第一段的“The modern p
7、izza was originally invented in Naples, Italy, but the word pizza is Greek in origin” 以及文章的整体内容可知, 本文主要介绍了比萨的历史起源。2. What can replace the underlined word “derived” in Paragraph 1? A. Separated. B. Adapted. C. Originated. D. Transformed. 【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据第一段的“The modern pizza was originally invented in
8、 Naples, Italy”可知, 此处说的是比萨起源于希腊单词 “pktos”, 故划线词意为“发源, 开始”, 故选C。3. How was pizza first started? A. Ancient Greeks covered their bread with oils, herbs and cheese. B. People in Naples added tomatoes to their bread as a topping. C. Raffaele Esposito wrapped a pie in the colors of the Italian flag. D. Q
9、ueen Margherita awarded her name to pizza in the Royal Palace. 【解析】选B。细节理解题。根据第一段最后两句可知, 那不勒斯人先在面包上用西红柿作为配料, 由此开创了比萨这种食品, 故选 B。4. What can be learned from the text? A. Pizza remains popular around the world. B. The first Pizza Hut was opened in Naples. C. The taste of pizza stays the same over time.
10、 D. Gennaro Lombardi was the first to make pizza. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第三段的“Later, the dish has become popular in many parts of the world”和文章最后一句“Nowadays, many varieties of pizza exist worldwide, along with several dish variants based upon pizza. ”可知, 比萨现在在全世界依然很受欢迎, 故选 A。BThe British are known for their
11、 sense of humour. However, it is often difficult for foreigners to understand their jokes. The main point to remember is that the British often use understatement. Understatement means saying less than you think or feel. For example, if someone gets very wet in a shower of rain, he might say, “Its a
12、 little damp(潮湿的) outside. ”Or, if someone is very impolite and shouts at another person, someone else might say, “She isnt exactly friendly. ”Understatement is often used in an unpleasant situation or to make another person look silly. Understatement plays an important part in British humour. Anoth
13、er key to understanding British humour is that the British like to make fun of themselves as well as others. They often laugh about the silly and unpleasant things that happen to our everyday life when someone accidentally falls over in the street. They also like to make jokes about people from diff
14、erent classes of society. They like to make jokes about their accents, the way they dress and the way they behave. Whats more, the British love to watch comedies about people who do not know how to behave in society. The comedy series Mr Bean is a good example of this kind of humour. Mr Bean is the
15、character created by British actor Rowan Atkinson in 1990. Mr Bean doesnt talk often, and instead he uses his body movement and facial expressions to make people laugh. Perhaps what makes Mr Bean so funny is that he does things that adults in the real world cannot do. Mr Bean is popular in many coun
16、tries round the world because you do not have to speak English to understand the humour. Because of this, many people have become familiar with the British sense of humour. 【语篇概述】本文为说明文, 主要介绍了英国人幽默的主要特点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑。5. Why is it difficult for foreigners to understand British jokes? A. The Britis
17、h often stick to the facts. B. British jokes are involved with many different cultures. C. British jokes are not as funny as jokes in other countries. D. The British try to make out that something is less important than it is. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句以及第二段第一句可知, 英国文化(包含英国幽默)的主要特点就是对叙述的事情轻描淡写, 故选D项。6.
18、The author explains understatement by _. A. describing a process B. making comparisonsC. following time order D. using examples【解析】选D。推理判断题。第二段所举的两个例子旨在说明英国人喜欢轻描淡写, 由此可知选D项。7. Mr Bean makes people laugh by _. A. using his body movement and facial expressionsB. making jokes about others accentsC. cop
19、ying others behaviorD. telling funny stories【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第二句. . . he uses his body movement and facial expressions to make people laugh可知选A项。8. What can be the best title for the text? A. British Humour in ComedyB. Humour in Different CulturesC. Understanding British HumourD. Developing Your S
20、ense of Humour【解析】选C。标题归纳题。本文主要介绍了英国人幽默的主要特点是轻描淡写和喜欢开自己和他人的玩笑, 故Understanding British Humour为最佳标题, 故选C项。. 阅读填句根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Perhaps you have heard the expression “When in Rome, do as the Romans do. ” So when you want to do business in France, you have to get to know Frenc
21、h culture, make marketing plans, and run your business by local laws. 1 The French take great pride in their language, so anyone who does not speak it may run the risk of being disrespected by his French colleagues or business partners. Also, another reason why learning French is important is that i
22、t is a great way to show every possible French business partner that you care and respect their countrys culture and language. The first thing that you should do when meeting someone new is to shake his hand firmly and always look at the person in the eye. In social meetings with friends, kissing is
23、 common. Use first names only after being invited to. 2 The French will sometimes introduce themselves using their surname first, followed by their first name. Dress well. 3 Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status. Always try to be tasteful and stylish. Women are adv
24、ised to dress simply but elegantly. Wearing make-up is practiced widely by business women. The French are passionate about food, so lunches are common in doing business in France, which usually consist of an appetizer, a main meal with wine, cheese, dessert and coffee, and normally take up to two ho
25、urs. 4Do not begin eating until the host says “bon appetite”. Pass dishes to the left, keep wrists above the table and try to eat everything on the plate. 5 This may suggest that you find the food tasteless. If eating in a restaurant, the person who makes an invitation always pays. A. Remember to be
26、 as polite as possible. B. This is a time for relationship building. C. Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname. D. Be careful with adding salt, pepper or sauces to your food. E. Make an appointment with your business partner in advance. F. The French draw information about people based on their a
27、ppearance. G. Language should be the focus of anyone planning to do business in France. 【语篇概述】本文为一篇说明文。在法国做生意, 就要了解法国的文化。文章介绍了与法国人做生意有关的文化和注意事项。1. 【解析】选G。该段内容介绍了在法国做生意时学习法语的重要性, 故该句应提出“法语学习很重要”这个话题。分析选项可知, G项(语言应该成为所有打算在法国做生意的人的焦点)的意思就是说明法语的重要性。故G选项正确。2. 【解析】选C。结合下一句“The French will sometimes introd
28、uce themselves using their surname first, followed by their first name. ”中的surname可知, 本段与surname有关, 分析选项只有C(Use Monsieur or Madame before the surname)与此相关, 故C项正确。3. 【解析】选F。根据下一句“Your business clothing is a reflection of your success and social status. ” (你的商务着装是成功和社会地位的反映。)可以看出, 着装在商业活动中的重要性。因此F选项(法
29、国人会根据对方的外表来得出有关对方的信息)与此相符, 故选F项。4. 【解析】选B。根据本段的第一句“The French are passionate about food, so lunches are common in doing business in France, ”可知, 午餐在商业活动中是常见的, 可推断出这是建立商业关系的最佳时间。分析选项可知, 选项B(这是一个建立关系的好时机)符合语境, 故选B项。5. 【解析】选D。该段介绍的是进餐时需要注意的地方。由下一句“This may suggest that you find the food tasteless”(这可能意
30、味着你发现食物没有味道)并分析选项, 可知D项(在食物中添加盐, 辣椒或酱汁要当心)符合你的食物没有味道时的反应, 故选D项。【素养培优】以“What can we benefit from traveling? ”为题, 写一篇60个词左右的英语短文。What can we benefit from traveling? First of all, travel can widen our knowledge of geography, the knowledge of customs, cultures and lifestyles of different places and coun
31、tries. Secondly, we can make friends and practise a foreign language through traveling. Finally, travel is the best way of pastime. We can enjoy eating various food and seeing beautiful scenery. 阅读理解A new course on world heritage, and its conservation offers a good opportunity for the young people t
32、o learn about the heritage (遗产) of humanity and gain a sense of responsibility to help protect the planet we live on. According to a world heritage education programme jointly launched by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) and Chinas Ministry of Education,
33、the course will first be offered at several schools in Beijing before being included as a mandatory course (必修课) for high school students nationwide. The new course covers photos slide shows and documentaries on the magnificence of the world heritage sites. The class aims to tell children what world
34、 heritage is and why and how it should be protected. A total of 171 nations, including China, have signed the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Listed are 754 sites all over the world, of which 29 are in Chinathe third most after Spain and Italy. Currently,
35、 protection of the countrys cultural and natural resources leaves much to be desired. Education is undoubtedly the best way to cultivate peoples sense for protecting cultural and natural resources. The introduction of such a programme in Chinese classrooms will certainly help our young people realiz
36、e the significance of common heritage, learning about world heritage sites, the history and traditions of different cultures, ecology, and the importance of protecting biological and cultural diversity. More importantly, it will help cultivate a sense of responsibility in the minds of young particip
37、ants. This is critical in protecting these cultural and natural legacies, as well as our living environment and the limited resources for sustainable development. 【语篇概述】这是一篇说明文。本文讲述了文化保护和自然资源的保护, 作者讲到保护中国的文化和自然资源还有很多值得期待的地方, 而教育无疑是培养人们保护文化和自然资源的最佳方式。1. Which of the statements is TRUE according to th
38、e passage? A. The world heritage education programme was jointly launched by the United States and Chinas Ministry of Education. B. The course will first be offered at all the schools in Beijing. C. Protection of the countrys cultural and natural resources has been perfect thanks to peoples efforts.
39、 D. China ranks high among the countries with 29 sites listed on the list. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的A total of 171 nations, including China, have signed the Convention Concerning the Protection of World Cultural and Natural Heritage. Listed are 754 sites all over the world, of which 29 are in China the t
40、hird most after Spain and Italy. 可知, 包括中国在内的171个国家签署了世界文化和自然遗产保护公约。世界上共有754处世界文化和自然遗产, 其中29处在中国, 仅次于西班牙和意大利, 位居世界第三。由此可知, 中国以29个世界文化和自然遗产排名较高。故选D。2. What can you expect to learn at the class? A. What world heritage is. B. Why we should protect world heritage. C. How world heritage should be protecte
41、d. D. All of the above. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据第三段中的The class aims to tell children what world heritage is and why and how it should be protected. 可知, 这门课的目的是告诉孩子们什么是世界遗产, 为什么以及如何保护它。由此可知, 在课堂上可以学到什么是世界遗产, 为什么我们要保护世界遗产, 以及如何保护世界遗产。故选D。3. The underlined word “cultivate” in the third paragraph probably means
42、“_”. A. employB. affectC. developD. appreciate【解析】选C。词义猜测题。根据下文peoples sense for protecting cultural and natural resources. 可知, 目前, 国家的文化和自然资源的保护还有许多不足之处。教育无疑是培养人们保护文化和自然资源意识的最佳途径。故划线单词意思为“培养”。故选C。4. Whats the purpose of the passage? A. To inform us of the reason for protecting the heritage. B. To t
43、ell us the way to protect the heritage. C. To tell us a new course. D. To tell us heritage preservation starts with education. 【解析】选D。写作意图题。根据倒数第三段最后一句Education is undoubtedly the best way to cultivate peoples sense for protecting cultural and natural resources. 可知, 教育无疑是培养人们保护文化和自然资源意识的最佳途径。结合本文讲述了文化保护和自然资源的保护, 而教育无疑是培养人们保护文化和自然资源的最佳方式。由此可推知, 本文的目的是告诉我们遗产保护从教育抓起。故选D。
