1、江苏省南京市中华中学2020-2021学年高二英语上学期期末检测试题（含解析）本卷考试时间：120分钟 总分：150分第一部分 听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What time is it now?A.5:15. B. 5:30. C.5:45.2.How does the man fee
2、l?A. Frightened. B. Proud. C.Excited.3. What is the mans phone number?A. 560-1278. B.560-1287. C.650-1287.4.What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. How long they havent met.B.How the woman went to college.C.How the womans life is going.5.What does the woman think of French food?A. It is delici
3、ous. B. It is easy to make. C.It is time-consuming.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What will the woman do during the holiday?A. Work on a report. B.Travel to somewhere. C.Have a res
4、t.7. Why does the woman refuse to lend her car to the man?A.She lent it to other people. B. He broke it before. C.She sold it out.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A.Colleagues. B.Husband and wife. C.Friends.9.What do the speakers think of their future?A. Promi
5、sing. B. Blank. C.Unclear.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What are the speakers looking forward to?A.Relaxing themselves. B.Reuniting with parents. C. Finishing the remaining work.11. What will the woman do during the Spring Festival?A. Travel around Beijing.B.Travel across the country.C.Get together with her
6、parents.12. Where does the woman come from?A. The countryside. B.Beijing. C.A city near Beijing.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Why did Linas family go to town at Halloween?A. They had no neighbors.B. They didnt have many neighbors.C. The people in town were friendly.14.What did Linas parents do while the kids
7、went to trick-or-treat?A. They went with the kids.B.They waited for the kids.C.They wandered around the town.15. What did Linas dad once dress up as?A.A policeman. B.A passer-by. C.Santa Claus.16. How do you like Linas parents?A. They love life. B.They are strange. C.They are stubborn.听第10段材料，回答第17至
8、20题。17.What did the speaker eat on the train to Paris?A.A hamburger. B.A steak, C.A hot dog.18. How did the speaker go to Rome?A.By train. B.By coach. C.By plane.19.Why does the speaker want to sit next to Maria?A.To help her relax when flying. B.To listen to music with her. C.To learn from her.20.W
9、hat is the relationship between the speaker and Maggie?A.Classmates. B.Husband and wife. C.Brother and sister.第二部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题; 每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。AGreenland is the biggest island in the world. And the ice sheet that sits atop it is massive. “The pile of ice b
10、eing so thick, it extends more than 10, 000 feet above the ocean. And if all that ice were to melt and go into the ocean, global sea levels would rise by 24 feet everywhere around the world,” said Jason Briner, a geologist at the University at Buffalo. The ice sheet is melting, of course. But just h
11、ow much, compared to the past?Briners team did a computer simulation（模拟)of the southwest of the Greenland ice sheet, which he says is a good proxy for ice melt across the entire ice sheet. The researchers plugged past climate data into that model to “hindcast”, rather than forecast, the past activit
12、y of the ice sheet. They then checked the models predictions of the past shape and size of the ice sheet by looking at piles of rocks and dirt on Greenland today, which outline the edges of ancient ice. And the simulation was in good agreement with the actual situation.Using that reconstruction of t
13、he ice sheet over time, the team could compare the ice sheets historic losses to those happening today under human-caused global warming. And they determined that Greenland is on track to lose more ice this century than during any century in the past 12, 000 years possibly four times as much. The re
14、sults appear in the journal Nature.Ultimately its up to us how much ice actually melts. “Humanity has the button the carbon button and that button is going to influence the rates of ice loss from the Greenland ice sheet.” If the world goes net carbon zero by 2100, for example, Briner says ice loss c
15、ould stop, entirely at the end of the century, according to one model. “That was what kept me from being completely depressed about our study. ” Dozens of countries have already announced goals to go net carbon zero by the middle of this century so far the U. S. is not one of them.1. What does the u
16、nderlined word “proxy” in Paragraph 2 refer to?A. Combination.B. Example.C. Recommendation.D. Interpretation.2. What do we learn from the computer simulation done by Briners team?A. It is conducted by predicting the activity of the ice sheet.B. It centers on ice melt throughout the entire ice sheet.
17、C. It shows the ice sheets losses are in decline.D. It consists with the ice sheets actual circumstance.3. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Greenland Is Melting FasterB. Global Sea Levels Are RisingC. America Causes the Ice Sheet to MeltD. Man Can Conquer Nature【答案】1.
18、D 2. D 3. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。讲述了一项研究：纽约州立大学水牛城分校的地质学家布里纳的团队通过对格陵兰冰原西南部进行了一次计算机模拟发现，格陵兰岛在本世纪将失去的冰比过去12000年的任何一个世纪都要多，可能是过去的四倍。说明了格陵兰正在加速融化。【1题详解】词句猜测题。根据上文中“Briners team did a computer simulation(模拟)of the southwest of the Greenland ice sheet, ”（Briner的团队做了一个格陵兰冰原冰盖西南部的计算机模拟），可以推测,划线部分所在句子是指“这是对整个冰盖融化的
19、一个很好的诠释/解释”，划线词与选项D Interpretation.“解释”意思相近。故选D。【2题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段最后一句“And the simulation was in good agreement with the actual situation.”（仿真结果与实际情况吻合较好。）可知，这与冰原的实际情况相符，故选D。【3题详解】主旨大意题。结合文章第二段中“Briners team did a computer simulation（模拟）of the southwest of the Greenland ice sheet, which he says is a
20、good proxy for ice melt across the entire ice sheet. ”（布里纳的团队做了一个格陵兰冰原冰盖西南部的计算机模拟，他说这是整个冰盖融化的很好的诠释。）及第二段最后一句“And the simulation was in good agreement with the actual situation.”（模拟结果与实际情况吻合）；第三段中“And they determined that Greenland is on track to lose more ice this century than during any century in
21、the past 12, 000 years possibly four times as much.”（他们断定格陵兰岛在本世纪将失去的冰比过去12000年的任何一个世纪都要多，可能是过去的四倍。）可知，全文说明了格陵兰岛的冰正在加速融化。因此推断A项“格陵兰地的冰融化速度更快了”为最佳标题，概括了文章大意。故选A。BPortraits as ArtAccording to a dictionary, portraiture is “a representation (描绘) of a person, especially of the face by drawing or painting
22、 a likeness.” However, this definition neglects the complexities of portraiture. Portraits are works of art that engage with ideas of identity rather than just a likeness. These concepts of identity involve social rank, gender, age, profession, character of the subject, etc. It is impossible to copy
23、 all the aspects of identity. Therefore, portraits reflect only certain qualities of subjects. Portrait art has also undergone significant shifts in artistic practice. The majority of portraits are the outcome of current artistic fashions and favored styles. Therefore, portrait art is an art categor
24、y providing various engagement with social, psychological, and artistic practices and expectations.Since portraits are different from other art categories, they are worthy of separate study. During their production, portraits require the presence of a specific person, or an image of the individual.
25、In many instances, the production of portraiture has required sittings, which result in interaction between the subject(s) and the artist throughout the creation of the work. In certain instances, portrait artists depended on a combination of different involvement with their subjects. If the sitter
26、cant sit in the studio regularly, portraitists could use his or her photographs. In Europe, during the seventeenth and eighteenth century, the sitting time was sometimes decreased by focusing only on the head. Theoretically, portraitists could work from impressions or memories when creating a painti
27、ng, but this rarely occurred according to documented records. Nonetheless, whether the work is based on model sittings, copying a photograph, or using memory, the process of painting a portrait is linked with the models attendance.Furthermore, portrait painting can be distinguished from other artist
28、ic categories by its connection with appearance, or likeness. As such, the art of portrait painting got a reputation for imitation instead of for artistic innovation. Based on Renaissance art theory, portraiture was related to the level of a mechanical exercise as opposed to a fine art. Michelangelo
29、s well-known protest against portraits is only one example. During the nineteenth and twentieth centuries, the attitude to portraiture was critical. Even so, artists from around the globe persisted in painting portraits despite their theoretical objections. Picasso, for example, became widely-known
30、for cubist still-life painting (立体派静物画) early in his career, but some of his early experiments in this new style were his portraits of art dealers.4. What does paragraph 1 mainly tell us?A. The changing definition of portraiture reflects shifting attitudes to it.B. Most portraits reflect artistic fa
31、shions and favored styles when created.C. Portraiture is a more complex art form than is defined in a dictionary.D. Portrait art shouldnt be seen as a distinct art category for its complexity.5. Which of the following is a characteristic of portraiture mentioned in paragraph 2?A. Portraiture typical
32、ly takes much less time than other art forms.B. Portraiture often requires frequent cooperation between artists.C. Portraits show models in a more accurate way than other art forms.D. Portraits generally involve interaction between subjects and artists.6. According to paragraph 2, during portraits p
33、roduction, artists _.A. based their work on the subjects attendanceB. preferred models photographs to their presenceC. were more willing to use impressions or memoriesD. reduced sitting time to concentrate on a sitters head7. Picasso is chosen as an example by the author because he _.A. altered the
34、way other artists felt about portrait artB. created portraits in spite of his objection to portrait artC. depended on portrait art to establish a higher reputationD. had fewer theoretical objections to portraitures than others【答案】4. C 5. D 6. A 7. B【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了肖像画艺术，它是一种比字典中定义的更复杂的艺术形式。【4题详解
35、】主旨大意题。通读第一段内容，特别是根据“According to a dictionary, portraiture is “a representation (描绘) of a person, especially of the face by drawing or painting a likeness.” However, this definition neglects the complexities of portraiture.”（根据词典上的定义，肖像画是“描绘一个人，特别是面部的素描或绘画肖像”。然而，这个定义忽略了肖像画的复杂性）可知，本段主要讲的是肖像画是一种比字典中定
36、义的更复杂的艺术形式，故选C。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“In many instances, the production of portraiture has required sittings, which result in interaction between the subject(s) and the artist throughout the creation of the work.”（在许多情况下，肖像画的创作需要坐着，这导致了在整个作品创作过程中临摹对象和艺术家之间的互动）可知，肖像画通常涉及临摹对象和艺术家之间的互动，这是肖像画创作的特征之一，故选D。【6题详
37、解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Nonetheless, whether the work is based on model sittings, copying a photograph, or using memory, the process of painting a portrait is linked with the models attendance.”（然而，无论这幅作品是基于模特的坐姿、临摹照片，还是利用记忆，画一幅肖像的过程都与模特的出席有关）可知，在肖像画的创作中，艺术家的工作基于临摹对象的出席，故选A。【7题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Even so, artists
38、from around the globe persisted in painting portraits despite their theoretical objections. Picasso, for example, became widely-known for cubist still-life painting (立体派静物画) early in his career”（即便如此，来自世界各地的艺术家们仍然坚持肖像画，尽管他们在理论上持反对意见。例如，毕加索在他早期的职业生涯中就因立体派静物画而广为人知）可知，作者以毕加索为例是因为尽管他反对肖像画艺术，他还是创作了肖像画，故选
39、B。CFor many years, school children in the US have been taken on “field trips” to cultural institutions such as museums of art. Educators arrange them in the belief that schools exist not only to teach economically useful skills, but also to produce civilized young people who appreciate the art and c
40、ulture. While there are parents who will take their children to cultural places in their free time, there are plenty of other children who will never have this kind of opportunity unless schools offer it. So you could say that taking school students on field trips is a means of giving everyone equal
41、 access to their cultural heritage.However, the attitude towards field trips in recent years is changing, with the number of tours organized for school groups falling significantly in museums all around the country. The most obvious reason is the issue of finance. Because there are increasing demand
42、s on their funds, after all, computers and sports facilities arent cheap, schools are forced to make a difficult choice about how to spend the limited money they have. Faced with this dilemma, field trips are an obvious thing to cut since they are seen by many as a luxury.Additionally, the nature of
43、 these field days is also changing. Schools increasingly use trips to amusement parks or sporting events as a treat for students rather than an opportunity for cultural learning. This shift could have a basis in generational differences between teachers reasons for organizing days out of school. A r
44、ecent survey conducted among 500 Arkansas teachers showed that older teachers were significantly more likely to take the primary purpose of a field trip as a learning experience than younger teachers, who view it as fun.Some evidence shows the trend of fewer trips may have a negative effect on child
45、rens development. A research led by Jay Greene at Arkansas University found that students who received a tour of an art museum greatly improved their knowledge of and the ability to think critically about art. They also display stronger historical interest and were more likely to visit cultural plac
46、es in the future. The researchers warn that if schools cut field trips or switch to less educational destinations, valuable opportunities to broaden and enrich childrens learning experiences are lost.8. What is the initial purpose of field trips to cultural institutions?A. To teach students useful s
47、kills in economics.B. To make every student exposed to art and culture.C. To educate students to preserve cultural heritage.D To encourage parents to take their children there.9. Which factor most probably leads to the trend of fewer field trips?A. The drop in school funds.B. Students demand for fun
48、.C. The dilemma of school finance.D. Teachers generational differences.10. What does the underlined phrase “This shift” in Paragraph 3 refer to?A. The switch from old generations to young generations.B. The switch from sporting events to cultural experiences.C. The change from an opportunity to lear
49、n to a treat to entertain.D. The change from educational destinations to luxurious attractions.11. What can be inferred about field trips from the research by Jay Greene?A. Students are rewarded with more cultural awareness.B. Amusement parks enrich childrens learning experiences.C. Cutting field tr
50、ips is critical to the future of the museum.D. Field trips guarantee better future academic performance.【答案】8. B 9. C 10. C 11. A【解析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了美国的学生都被带到艺术博物馆等文化机构进行“实地考察”给学生带来的好处及其这些活动减少的原因。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段第二句“Educators arrange them in the belief that schools exist not only to teach economically
51、 useful skills, but also to produce civilized young people who appreciate the art and culture.” 可知，教育工作者之所以安排这些课程，是因为他们相信，学校的存在不仅是为了教授经济上有用的技能，而且也是为了培养能欣赏艺术和文化的文明年轻人。所以到文化机构实地考察的最初目的是让每个学生都能接触到艺术和文化。故选B项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段第二句“The most obvious reason is the issue of finance. ”可知，学校组织的考察团数量大幅降低的最主要原因是学
52、校财务的困境。故选C项。【10题详解】词句猜测题。根据倒数第二段“Additionally, the nature of these field days is also changing. Schools increasingly use trips to amusement parks or sporting events as a treat for students rather than an opportunity for cultural learning. ”可知，此外，这些实地考察日的性质也在改变。学校越来越多地把游乐园或体育赛事作为对学生的款待，而不是文化学习的机会。由此可
53、知，This shift指的是从一个学习的机会变成一个款待学生的机会。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段第二句、第三句“A research led by Jay Greene at Arkansas University found that students who received a tour of an art museum greatly improved their knowledge of and the ability to think critically about art. They also display stronger historical int
54、erest and were more likely to visit cultural places in the future. ”可知，阿肯色大学的杰伊格林领导的一项研究发现，参观艺术博物馆的学生极大地提高了他们对艺术的知识和批判性思考的能力。他们还表现出更强烈的历史兴趣，未来更有可能参观文化场所。由此可推知，学生们得到的回报是更多的文化意识。故选A项。DPut five, eight, twelve or more people together in a room, and its a game of luck as to how well theyll function as a
55、team. The larger the group, the more difficult it becomes. Its a lot like dining out with a bunch of friends. Where to go? Italian? Vegetarian? Steakhouse? Each person has their own appetite, which can make creating a “shared-interest” extremely challenging.Shared-interest is the lifeblood of teams,
56、 and only the most successful companies know how to foster it. But how?“Project Aristotle”, an experiment led by Abeer Dubey, a manager in Googles People Analytics division was conducted in 2012 to discover how to build the “perfect team.” After years of analyzing data and interviews from more than
57、180 teams across the company, Google found that the individual personalities in a team are not so relevant.“We had lots of data, but there was nothing showing that a mix of specific personality types or skills or backgrounds made any difference. The who part of the equation didnt seem to matter,” Du
58、bey said in an interview with The New York Times. Instead, the researchers found that there were five key characteristics of enhanced teams:Psychological safety: Everyone feels safe in taking risks, and that they wont be embarrassed or punished for doing so.Dependability: Everyone completes quality
59、work on time.Structure and clarity: Everyone knows what their specific expectations are. These expectations must be challenging yet attainable.Meaning: Everyone has a sense of purpose in their work, for example, supporting family.Impact: Everyone sees that the result of their work actually contribut
60、es to the organizations overall goals.While Googles findings may be true to some extent, a large number of scientific studies have caused researchers outside of Googles lab to shockingly disagree. Thomas Chamorro-Premuzic, a professor of business psychology at Columbia University and author of the b
61、ook “Why Do So Many Incompetent Men Become Leaders?” and psychologist Dave Winsborough are among them. They both claim that personality, in particular, heavily affects the role of an individual within a team and is indeed a significant factor in what makes a team successful.Researchers found that th
62、e poorest-performing teams were 100 percent “pragmatic” (讲求实效的 ) and had 0 percent relationship-building traits. “Too often, organizations focus merely on the functional role and hope that good team performance somehow follows,” Chamorro-Premuzic and Winsborough co-wrote in a Harvard Business Review
63、 article. “This is why even the most expensive professional sports teams often fail to perform according to the individual talents of each player: There is no psychological synergy (协作). A more effective approach focuses as much on peoples personalities as on their skills.”12. Why does the author me
64、ntion the example of “dining out”?A. To emphasize the challenges of creating a common interest.B. To cater for the different tastes of people from all walks of life.C. To stress the importance of different individuals in teams.D. To get more different people involved in building a team.13. What migh
65、t be the least deciding factor of a perfect team according to Googles lab?A. Dependability.B. A sense of purpose.C. Psychological safety.D. Individual personalities.14. According to the last paragraph, why do the most expensive professional sports teams fail to perform?A. Because they care more abou
66、t the result.B. Because they are not talented enough.C. Because they lack relationship building.D. Because they are vague about their roles.15. How is the passage mainly developed?A. By making basic assumptions.B. By giving a lot of detailed examples.C. By analyzing causes and effects.D. By presenti
67、ng contradictory findings.【答案】12. A 13. D 14. C 15. B【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章用很多具体实例说明了寻找到队员的共性，是团队成功的关键。【12题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“The larger the group, the more difficult it becomes. Its a lot like dining out with a bunch of friends. Where to go? Italian? Vegetarian? Steakhouse? Each person has their own appetite,
68、 which can make creating a “shared-interest” extremely challenging.”可知，队伍中人数越多，就越难找到共性。就像是朋友出去聚餐，众口难调，人越多越难确定大家都喜欢的食物。由此推知，此处举聚餐的例子来强调在团队中创造共同利益的挑战性，故选A。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“Google found that the individual personalities in a team are not so relevant.”可知，Google发现团队中的个人性格并不是那么重要，结合选项，故选D。【14题详解】细节理解题。
69、根据第六段中“Researchers found that the poorest-performing teams were 100 percent “pragmatic” (讲求实效的 ) and had 0 percent relationship-building traits.”（研究发现表现最糟的团队，只讲求实效，一点都不关注人际关系的创建。）和“This is why even the most expensive professional sports teams often fail to perform according to the individual talents
70、 of each player: There is no psychological synergy (协作). ”（这就是为什么甚至最昂贵的专业团队常常失败的原因：没有心理协同）可知，最昂贵的专业团队失败是因为，组织者忽略了队员心理上的协作，不关注人际关系的建设。故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。分析全文可知，作者列举了大量的实例来对文章主题进行说明，如第一段的多人共同就餐的例子，第三段中的“Project Aristotle亚里士多德项目”，和最后一段的只讲求实效不注重人际关系建设的团队失败的例子。故选B。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出
71、可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。What makes you cry? Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or getting emotional after splitting up with your partner can all cause tears to roll down our faces. _16_When you think about it, shedding tears from your eyes can cause embarrassment or confusion. But
72、it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad or upset. _17_ However, the feeling is the same your cheeks puff up, your eyes tighten and before you know it, tears are streaming down your face. Some of us may weep a little while others might cry like a baby.A study in the UK in 2017 found that
73、 women admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Adam Rutherford, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much consistent with previous research. _18_Are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings? The debate continues.One place where we
74、experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace._19_ Someone might be stressed with a heavy workload. And, as therapist Joanna Cross put it, “crying is often a build-up of frustration and undealt-with situations and its a bit of a final straw moment.” She describes how someone might s
75、tart weeping when theyre just asked to make a cup of tea. Actually, their stress has accumulated to the breaking point.But crying in the office or elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. It can actually make you feel better._20_Crying your eyes out shows others how you feel, so perhaps its a
76、crying shame that more of us, particularly men, dont cry more often.A. Then how do we cope with it?B. This can be where emotions run high.C. People reach their breaking point in different ways.D. We all have the power to cry, but is that a good thing?E. Maybe it dissolves or clears the negative feel
77、ings youve had.F. What brings about this reaction differs from person to person.G. But does this mean men dont get as upset or emotional as women?【答案】16. D 17. F 18. G 19. B 20. E【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章介绍了哭是人们伤心时的正常反应，并且哭对于人们而言是有好处的。【16题详解】上文提到“Being moved by a sad movie, waving a loved one off, or gett
78、ing emotional after splitting up with your partner can all cause tears to roll down our face”（被电影感动，和爱人分离，与搭档分道扬镳都会导致眼泪流下脸庞），本空承上启下，引出文章主题，所以根据下文内容，“crying in the office or elsewhere can be an effective stress reliever. ”（在办公室或其他地方哭可能是一种有效的减压方式），可知本文主要讲哭是所有人的反应，并且哭对人们有好处，所以本空目的在于引出此话题。故选D。【17题详解】根据上
79、句“ it seems to be an automatic reaction when we get sad or upset”（哭是我们伤心难过时的自动反应），所以本空承接上句，F项句意“造成人们伤心难过的原因是各不相同的”，符合语境。故选F。【18题详解】根据上句“women admitted they cry 72 times a year. This was, on average, more than men. Adam Rutherford, lead researcher, says that the result has been pretty much consistent
80、 with previous research.”（女性承认，她们一年哭72次，这平均来说比男人要多。调查者说这个结果和以前的研究结果是一致的），本空承上启下，下句“Are they just more embarrassed about showing their true feelings?”（他们对于表达自己真实的情感会更尴尬吗），所以本空应该是讲男人哭的次数少的原因。故选G。【19题详解】上句提到“One place where we experience emotional and tearful outbursts is in the workplace”（我们经历情绪爆发的地点之
81、一是在工作地），本空承接上文，应该接着讲工作地对人们情绪的影响，所以B项句意“工作地是情绪上涨之地”符合句意。故B项符合语境。故选B。【20题详解】根据上句“ It can actually make you feel better.”（哭会让你感觉更好），本空承上启下，应该接着讲哭对于人们的好处，所以E项句意“哭能融化或清除你的消极情感”符合句意。故选E。【点睛】第三部分 语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Once I started working after gradu
82、ating from Wilfrid Laurier University, I decided to stay in the workforce and go to school part-time. I began my journey as an adult _21_ in the Business Administration program at Wilfrid Laurier University. When I _22_ from Laurier, a colleague introduced me to the Certified Employee Benefit Specia
83、list （CEBS） program, which offered a professional credential（凭证）related to my field of _23_These days, I keep my industry knowledge _24_ through reading industry publications, _25_ relative conferences and taking an annual Continuing Education course. From a_26_interest perspective, Ive taken music
84、lessons and _27_ in first aid, gardening and website development.Some might call me a learning _28_. I honestly cant imagine a time when I want to stop learning. Sometimes people ask me why I _29_ to take courses when I am getting close to “retirement. When I look to the _30_, 30 years of sitting on
85、 the couch watching Netflix isnt the kind of life I want to live. I need a reason to get out of bed in the morning, and something to keep me _31_ active.I am looking at the Plain Language program as an opportunity to learn a new skill that will not only make me _32_ at my current job, but also will
86、_33_ some extra income once I leave my full-time career behind.The days of being able to _34_ education after university are long gone. So, continuous learning will be necessary to keep up with the pace of _35_21. A. designerB. teacherC. reporterD. learner22. A. heardB. inferredC. graduatedD. suffer
87、ed23. A. workB. trainingC. researchD. education24. A. currentB. knownC. usefulD. remarkable25. A. organizingB. attendingC. recordingD. confirming26. A. secretB. personalC. uniqueD. common27. A. choicesB. measuresC. coursesD. responsibilities28. A. celebrityB. masterC. consultantD. addict29. A. needB
88、. agreeC. continueD. refuse30. A. truthB. demandC. effectD. future31. A. financiallyB. physicallyC. mentallyD. socially.32. A. betterB. strongerC. braverD. firmer33. A. reduceB. generateC. reserveD. negotiate34. A. care aboutB. leave behindC. insist onD. show off35. A. commentB. purchaseC. productio
89、nD. change【答案】21. D 22. C 23. A 24. A 25. B 26. B 27. C 28. D 29. C 30. D 31. C 32. A 33. B 34. B 35. D【解析】本文是夹叙夹议文。作者通过讲述自己一直坚持学习的故事告诉我们终生学习的必要性和重要性。【21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：作为一名成年学习者，我开始了自己的求学之旅，在劳里埃大学(Wilfrid Laurier University)学习工商管理课程。A. designer设计师；B. teacher老师；C. reporter记者；D. learner学习者。作者从大学毕业后一边
90、工作，一边学习。故选D项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当我劳里埃大学毕业，同事介绍我去认证员工福利专家(CEBS)计划，该计划提供与我的工作领域相关的专业证书。此处考查“动词+from”搭配的短语辨析。A. heard from 收到来信；B. inferred from 从中推断出； C. graduated from 毕业于；D. suffered from遭受。作者从劳里埃大学学习完了工商管理课程后毕业。 故选C项。【23题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我从劳里埃大学毕业，同事介绍我去认证员工福利专家(CEBS)计划，该计划提供了与我的工作领域相关的专业证书。A. work工
91、作；B. training培训；C. research研究；D. education教育。根据“professional（职业的，专业的）”可知，证书是与工作有关的。故选A项。【24题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：这些天，我通过阅读行业刊物、参加相关会议和参加年度继续教育课程来保持对行业知识的了解。A. current当前的，最新的；B. known已知的；C. useful有用的；D. remarkable非凡的。此处是短语keepcurrent意思为“随时了解”。故选A项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：这些天，我通过阅读行业刊物、参加相关会议和参加年度继续教育课程来保持对行业知识
92、的了解。A. organizing组织；B. attending参加；C. recording录音；D. confirming确认。作者通过参加相关会议等途径来了解行业最新的知识。此处是短语attend the conference意思为“参加会议”。故选B项。【26题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：就个人兴趣而言，我上过音乐课，还有急救、园艺和网站开发方面的课程。A. secret秘密的；B. personal个人的；C. unique独特的；D. common普遍的。下文“music first aid, gardening and website development”都是作者个人感兴
93、趣的方面。故选B项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：就个人兴趣而言，我上过音乐课、急救、园艺和网站开发方面的课程。 A. choices选择；B. measures测量；C. courses课程；D. responsibilities责任。根据“music lessons”可知，急救、园艺和网站开发都是作者发展个人兴趣的课程。故选C项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：有些人可能会说我是一个学习成瘾者。A. celebrity名人；B. master大师，高手；C. consultant顾问；D. addict痴迷者，上瘾的人。根据下一句“I honestly cant imagin
94、e a time when I want to stop learning”作者不愿停止学习。由此可知，他痴迷于通过学习来不断提高自己。故选D项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：有时人们会问我为什么快退休了还继续上课。A. need需要；B. agree同意；C. continue继续；D. refuse拒绝。作者不敢想象自己停止学习，因此不断地继续学习。故选C项。30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当我展望未来，30年坐在沙发上看Netflix不是我想要的生活。A. truth真理；B. demand需求；C. effect影响；D. future未来。根据上文“I am gettin
95、g close toretirement”，作者想到未来退休后的生活，不想退休后就坐在沙发上看电视。故选D项。【31题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：我需要一个早上起床的理由，和一些让我精神活跃的东西。A. financially经济上；B. physically身体上；C. mentally精神上；D. socially社会上。根据背景知识，学习新的知识能够让人保持思维活跃。故选C项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我把这个简明语言计划看作是一个学习新技能的机会，这不仅会让我在目前的工作上做得更好，而且在我离开全职工作后，还会产生一些额外的收入。A. better更好；B. stron
96、ger更强；C. braver更勇敢；D. firmer更坚定。根据“an opportunity to learn a new skill”可知，作者通过参加这个语言课程，学会新技能，能把现在的工作做得更好。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：我把这个简明语言计划看作是一个学习新技能机会，这不仅会让我在目前的工作上做得更好，而且在我离开全职工作后，还会产生一些额外的收入。A. reduce减少；B. generate产生；C. reserve预订；D. negotiate谈判。根据 “I leave my full-time career behind.”可知，作者觉得即使退休了
97、，他现在学的技能也能给自己创造一份额外收入。故选B项。【34题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：能够在大学毕业后就把教育抛在身后的日子已经一去不复返了。 A. care about关心；B. leave behind留下，抛在后面； C. insist on坚持；D. show off炫耀。根据 “continuous learning will be necessary”可知，作者认为大学毕业后就将教育抛开是不行的。故选B项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：因此，不断学习将是必要的，以跟上变化的步伐。A. comment评论；B. purchase购买；C. production生产；D.
98、 change变化。作者认为要跟上时代的变化，就要不断学习。故选D项。第二节（共 10 小题；每小题 1.5 分，满分 15 分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入 1 个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Chinas most sophisticated and challenging space adventure - the Change 5 robotic lunar mission- ended successfully early Thursday morning with its load of rocks and dust from the moon _36_ (land) on th
99、e grasslands in northern China.The recovery team will make initial processing of the capsule and then use a plane to transport it to Beijing, _37_ it will be opened for _38_(technique) to remove the container holding 2 kg of lunar samples from a _39_ (previous) unvisited area known as “Ocean of Stor
100、ms”, the China National Space administration said.Next, the sealed samples will be transferred to specially _40_ (design) laboratories for analyses, experiments and tests so scientists can determine the extraterrestrial (地球以外的) substances composition, structure and traits. This can _41_ (deep) their
101、 knowledge about the history of the moon and the solar system. _42_ those scientific objectives, project planners also want the mission to help to foster the countrys knowledge, technology and talent pool for its future manned lunar missions and other deep-space expeditions. Therefore, _43_ certain
102、proportion of the samples will also be on public display to enhance science _44_ (aware) among the public, especially young generations.The successful landing marked the completion of the historic 23-day Change 5 expedition, the first in more than 40 years _45_ (bring) lunar samples back to Earth, a
103、lso making China the third country to achieve this feat after the United States and the former Soviet Union.【答案】36. landing 37. where 38. technicians 39. previously 40. designed 41. deepen 42. Besides 43. a 44. awareness 45. to bring/to have brought【解析】【分析】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了中国最复杂、最具挑战性的太空冒险嫦娥5号自动探月任务周
104、四凌晨圆满结束。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：中国最复杂、最具挑战性的太空冒险嫦娥5号自动探月任务周四凌晨圆满结束，载满岩石和尘埃的月球着陆在中国北方草原上。分析句子结构可知，with的复合结构作状语， 且 rocks and dust与land之间是主动关系，要用现在分词作宾语补足语。故填landing。【37题详解】考查定语从句。句意：中国国家航天局(China National Space administration)表示，回收小组将对返回舱进行初步处理，然后用飞机将返回舱运送到北京，在那里，技术人员将打开返回舱，从一个以前无人到访的“风暴之海”(Ocean of Storms)
105、地区取出2公斤月球样品。分析句子结构可知，此处是非限制性定语从句，先行词 Beijing，地点名词，在从句中作地点状语，要用关系副词where引导。故填where。【38题详解】考查名词。句意：中国国家航天局(China National Space administration)表示，回收小组将对返回舱进行初步处理，然后用飞机将返回舱运送到北京，在那里，技术人员将打开返回舱，从一个以前无人到访的“风暴之海”(Ocean of Storms)地区取出2公斤月球样品。分析句子结构可知，空处需填名词作宾语，technician意为“技术人员”，是可数名词，此处表示泛指，且没有冠词修饰，需用名词复数
106、形式。故填technicians。【39题详解】考查副词。句意：中国国家航天局(China National Space administration)表示，回收小组将对返回舱进行初步处理，然后用飞机将返回舱运送到北京，在那里，技术人员将打开返回舱，从一个以前无人到访的“风暴之海”(Ocean of Storms)地区取出2公斤月球样品。分析句子结构可知，修饰形容词unvisited作状语，要用副词。形容词previous的副词为previously先前。故填previously。【40题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：接下来，这些密封的样品将被转移到专门设计的实验室进行分析、实验和测试，以便科学
107、家们确定外星物质的组成、结构和特性。分析句子结构可知，will be transferred为谓语动词，空处需填非谓语动词作定语，design和will be transferred为动宾关系，需用过去分词形式。故填designed。【41题详解】考查动词。句意：这可以加深他们对月球和太阳系历史的了解。分析句子结构，空格前有情态动词can，后接动词原形。形容词deep的动词形式为deepen加深。故填deepen。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：除了这些科学目标，计划制定者还希望此次任务有助于培养中国的知识、技术和人力库，为未来的载人探月任务和其他深空探索提供帮助。根据上下句的意思，和关键词al
108、so，可知这些科学目标之外，还有还希望这次任务能帮助培养国家的知识、技术和人才库，为将来的登月任务和其他深空探险提供帮助。除之外（还有），且空格后有名词短语 those scientific objectives，所以要用介词besides，位于句首首字母要大写。故填Besides。【43题详解】考查冠词。句意：因此，一定比例的样本也会公开展示，以提高公众特别是年轻一代的科学意识。空格后有可数名词单数proportion部分，此处表示泛指，且certain是以辅音音素开头，要用不定冠词a。故填a。【44题详解】考查名词。句意：因此，一定比例的样本也会公开展示，以提高公众特别是年轻一代的科学意识
109、。分析句子结构，空处需填名词作宾语，aware的名词形式是awareness，是抽象名词，不可数。故填awareness。【45题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：嫦娥五号的成功着陆标志着具有历史意义的23天远征的完成，这是40多年来首次将月球样本带回地球，也使中国成为继美国和前苏联之后第三个实现这一壮举的国家。固定结构the first to do sth.此处是不定式作定语。bring的动作也可表示对现在产生的结果，所以也可以用不定式的完成式to have brought。故填to bring/to have brought。第四部分 写作（共两节；满分40分）第一节 （满分15分）46. 今气
110、12月21日是中国传统节气冬至。假定你是李华,请用英文写封信邀请交换生 Chns来家做客，一起包饺子，体验冬至文化。内容如下：1. 介绍冬至；2. 真诚邀请。注意：1写作词数应为80左右；2.可适当加入细节，使内容充实、行文连贯；3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。参考词汇:冬至Winter Solstice节气solar termDear Chris,_Looking forward to your early reply.Yours, Li Hua【答案】Im writing to you to invite you to visit my family on December 21.
111、 That day is Winter Solstice. We can make Jiaozi together and experience the Winter Solstice culture.Winter Solstice, as the name implies, means the coming of winter. As an important solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar, it is also a traditional holiday for Chinese. Winter Solstice is a ti
112、me for the family to get together, when we will eat Jiaozi and do some interesting activities.Please join us that day if it is convenient for you.【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生写封信邀请交换生Chns来家做客，一起包饺子，体验冬至文化。详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般现在时和少量一般将来时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍冬至；2. 真诚邀
113、请。第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）invite you to visit my family; experience the Winter Solstice culture; means the coming of winter; a traditional holiday for Chinese; get together第三步：连词成句1. Im writing to you to invite you to visit my family on December 21. 2. Winter Solstice, as the name implies, means the coming of
114、 winter. 3. As an important solar term in the traditional Chinese calendar, it is also a traditional holiday for Chinese.4. Winter Solstice is a time for the family to get together, when we will eat Jiaozi and do some interesting activities.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系：also连句
115、成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1. Winter Solstice, as the name implies, means the coming of winter. （as引导定语从句）高分句型2. Winter Solstice is a time for the family to get together, when we will eat Jiaozi and do some interesting activities.（when引导的定语从句）高分句型3. Please join us that day if it is c
116、onvenient for you.（if引导的条件状语从句）第二节（满分25分）47. It was 1939, and the Great Depression had made all our lives much harder. But we didnt know how poor we were until our father sat my brother and me down on the couch in our living room to have a talk.I will always remember the sad look in Fathers eyes as
117、he stared down at his hands, rubbing them back and forth, while he searched for the words to tell us that our family wasnt going to be celebrating Christmas this year.A month later, on Christmas Eve, I lay awake in bed late into the night, trying to talk myself out of sneaking into our living room t
118、o see if Santa had come. I gathered my courage, then tiptoed down the hallway, hoping I would see the bright sparkling lights of our Christmas tree standing proudly in the corner of our living room, like it did every year.Instead, I was greeted by my seventeen-year-old brother, Frank, who slept on o
119、ur living room couch. “Hey, little one, what are you doing up?” he whispered.I started to cry. “Theres no Christmas tree.”There would be no presents, no singing, no Christmas dinner. It felt like we were the saddest family in the world. My disappointment overwhelmed me. I looked forward to Christmas
120、 each year. It wasnt only the presents. It was that special feeling I got from seeing my family happy. We hadnt been happy in such a long time.On Christmas morning, the sun shone into our chilly bedroom, waking me up. “Maybe Santa came! Maybe he came!” I suddenly insisted. My eyes searched the livin
121、g room, but there was no Christmas tree. I broke into uncontrollable tears.I ran to Father in tears and threw my arms around him. “ We arent going to have Christmas this year.”“Now, now, now, calm down. Go on in and see your mother. She will comfort you.” Dad slowly pushed the bedroom door open, lea
122、ding me into the room.注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Out of the corner of my eye, I noticed something different in the bedroom._With my question answered, everything dawned on me._【答案】Out of the corner of my eye, I noticed something different in the bedroom. “Merry Christmas, my dearest child
123、,”said Mom with her two warm arms holding me gently. “What is this in the sparkling box? Do you want to know?” Then she put it into my hands and told me to open it .Excitedly I uncovered it , in the box lay a tiny music box with a small Christmas tree on it. How wonderful it looked! “But Dad told me
124、 that it is the Great Depression now, and we are living a hard life .How could you get the money for my Christmas gift ?” Mother told me that she had sold her gold ring .With my question answered, everything dawned on me. It was mothers truest love for her dearest child that made her sell her favour
125、ite gold ring which had accompanied her for a long time. No mother in the world would like to disappoint her child on such an important day. I kissed Mom on her cheeks saying Merry Christmas to her . That special music box taught me a lessonno matter how tough the life is , my family would face it b
126、ravely as long as there is love in our heart.【解析】【分析】本文以人物情感为线索展开，讲述了作者在美国经济大萧条时期家庭困难没钱买圣诞树过圣诞节的故事。根据原文所述，作者在圣诞节早上醒来没发现一丁点的圣诞节节日迹象后开始失望地哭闹起来，谁知妈妈在卧室里像变戏法一样地送他一份圣诞节礼物，为贫困的家庭带来节日的气息。【详解】【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“在我眼角的余光里，我发现房间里有些不一样的东西。”可知，第一段可描写“不一样的东西”，是什么，它怎么来的以及作者情绪的细微变化。由第二段首句内容“我的问题得到回答后，我明白了一切。”可知，第二
127、段可描写作者明白了事情的真相以及得到了什么感悟，从妈妈对孩子的爱和孩子的感激之情入手。2.续写线索：发现不一样的东西卖金戒指音乐盒提问感激感悟3.词汇激活行为类打开：uncovered it/opened it生活艰难：living a hard life/ living a tough life.陪伴：accompany her/ have its company/be with her情绪类.兴奋：excitedly/ thrilledly.勇敢：bravely/courageously【点睛】高分句型1. That special music box taught me a lesson
128、no matter how tough the life is , my family would face it bravely as long as there is love in our heart.（no matter how引导的让步状语从句和as long as引导的条件状语从句）高分句型2. It was mothers truest love for her dearest child that made her sell her favourite gold ring which had accompanied her for a long time.（It is that 强调句，及由关系代词which引导限制性定语从句）24
