1、Unit 2The Olympic Games话 题 导 读每四年一次的奥运会起源于 2 700 年前的宗教仪式，速读下文了解一些古代奥运会的相关信息。Every four years,the best athletes from countries around the world come together in the spirit of peace and friendship to compete in the Olympic Games.With the lighting of the Olympic flame the games beginthe Olympic spirit
2、kept alive.That flame has been brought many thousands of miles by relay runners all the way from Olympia,in Western Greece,where the ceremony began 2,700 years ago.This simple ceremony,and the lighting of the torch,is the spark that renews the Olympic flame wherever the games are played.The games sy
3、mbolized the early Greeks ideal of mans unity,their vision of peace,and of human perfection.The Olympic began as a religious ceremony.The First Games in recorded history took place in the year 776 BC.This was the time of the Western Zhou period in China.All the Greek city-states participated.States
4、at war with each other would end hostilities during the Games.The Olympic motto is universally accepted as“Swifter,Higher,and Stronger.”One athlete from the games host country takes an oath at the Opening Ceremony on behalf of all the competing athletes:“In the name of all competitors,I promise that
5、 we shall take part in these Olympic games,respecting and abiding by the rules which govern them,in the true spirit of sportsmanship,for the glory of sport and the honor of our teams.”In ancient times,winners were crowned with wreaths of the sacred olive.Their names were proclaimed throughout the Gr
6、eek city-states.Things have not changed much in this regard.Today,first place winners are awarded gold medals,second place winners,silver,and third place get the bronze.And,as in ancient times,Olympic stars become internationally famous.Let us hope that this living experience of peace and friendship
7、 between all the peoples of the world that began in Olympia,in ancient Greece,will continue for many centuries to come.Section Warming Up&Prereading&ReadingComprehending练读文 记词汇 学翻译1 教材助读先读通AN INTERVIEWPausanias,who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago,has come on a magical journey on March 18th,
8、2007 to find outabout the present-day Olympic Games.He is now interviewing Li Yan,a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.P：My name is Pausanias.I lived in what you call“Ancient Greece”and I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.Ive come to your time to find out about the present-day
9、Olympic Games because I know that in 2004 they were held in my homeland.May I ask you some questions about the modern Olympics？L：Good heavens！Have you really come from so long ago?But of course you can ask any questions you like.What would you like to know？P：How often do you hold your Games？L：Every
10、four years.There are two main sets of Gamesthe Winter and the Summer Olympics，and both are held every four years on a regular basis.The Winter Olympics are usually held two years before the Summer Games.Only athletes who have reached the agreed standard for their event will be admittedas competitors
11、.They may come from anywhere in the world.P：Winter Games?How can the runners enjoy competing in winter?And what about the horses?L：Oh no!There are no running races or horse riding events.Instead there are competitions like skiing and ice skating which need snow and ice.Thats why 21 theyre called the
12、 Winter Olympics.Its in the Summer Olympics that you have the running races22，together with23 swimming，sailing and all the team sports.P：I see24.Earlier you said that athletes are invited from all over the world.Do you mean the Greek world？Our Greek cities used to compete against each other just for
13、25 the honour of winning.No other countries could join in，nor could slaves26 or women!L：Nowadays27 any country can take part if their athletes are good enough.There are over 250 sports and each one has its own standard.Women are not only allowed，but28play a very important role in29 gymnastics30，athl
14、etics31，team sports and.P：Please wait a minute！All those events，all those countries and even women taking part 32！Where are all the athletes housed33？L：For each Olympics,a special village is built for them to live in,a main reception building,several stadiums34 for competitions,and a gymnasium35 as
15、well36.P：That sounds very expensive.Does anyone want to host37the Olympic Games?L：As a matter of fact38，every country wants the opportunity.Its a great responsibility39 but also a great honour to be chosen.Theres as much competition among countries to host the Olympics as to win Olympic medals40.The
16、 2008 Olympics will be held in Beijing,China.Did you know that?P:Oh yes!You must be very proud.L：Certainly.And after that the 2012 Olympics will be held41in London.They have already started planning for it.A new village for the athletes and all the stadiums will be built41 to the east of London.New
17、medals will be designed41 of course and.P：Did you say medals？So even the olive42 wreath43 has been replaced44！Oh dear!Do you compete for prize money too?L：No，we dont.Its still all about45 being able to run faster,jump higher and throw further.Thats the motto 46 of the Olympics，you know“Swifter47，Hig
18、her and Stronger.”P：Well,thats good news.How interesting!Thank you so much for your time.再记住Greek/rik/adj.希腊(人)的；希腊语的 n.希腊人；希腊语magical/mdkl/adj.巫术的；魔术的；有魔力的find out 查明；弄清动词不定式短语 to find out.作目的状语。present-day(复合形容词)当前的；现在的volunteer/vlnt/n.志愿者；志愿兵adj.志愿的；义务的 vt.&vi.自愿volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事Greece/ri
19、s/n希腊what 引导名词性从句，作介词 in 的宾语。used to do.过去常常做be/get used to doing sth.习惯于做某事be used to do sth.被用来做某事time n时代；时期 in ancient times 在古代homeland/hmlnd/n.祖国；本国because 引导原因状语从句；该从句中又含有一个 that 引导的宾语从句。Good heavens！天哪！you like 为 questions 的定语从句。how often 多久一次every four years 每四年；每隔三年(every fourth year)the W
20、inter and the Summer Olympics 是 two main sets of Games 的同位语。regular/rejl/adj.规则的；定期的；常规的basis/bess/n.(pl.bases)基础；根据on a regular basis 例行地；有规律地；定期地on the basis of 以为基础athlete/lit/n.运动员；运动选手athletic adj.体育运动的reach the agreed standard 达到统一的标准be admitted as 作为被接受admit/dmt/vt.&vi.容许；承认；接纳enjoy doing sth
21、.喜欢做某事21 Thats why.中 why 引导表语从句。22 Its in the Summer Olympics that you have.为强调句，强调了地点状语 in the Summer Olympics。23 together with 意为“和；连同”，相当于 with。有类似用法的还有 along with。24 I see.(口语)我明白了。25 compete against.for 为同竞争(compete with.for)compete in 参加比赛compete for 为比赛26 slave/slev/n.奴隶“nor/neither连系动词 be/助动
22、词/情态动词主语”结构表示“也不这样”，nor 为否定副词，在句首引起倒装。27 nowadays/nadez/adv.现今；现在28 not only.but(also).不仅而且29 play a role in 在中扮演角色；起作用(play a part in)30 gymnastics/dmnstks/n.(pl.)体操；体能训练31 athletics/letks/n.(pl.)体育运动；竞技32 even women taking part 是独立主格结构，这样显得语言简练。33 house 此处为及物动词，意为“供给(某人)住处”。34 stadium/stedm/n.(露天大
23、型)体育场(pl.stadiums/stadia)35 gymnasium(gym)/dmnezm/(/dm/)n.体育馆；健身房36 as well 也；又；还37 host/hst/vt.做东；主办；招待 n.主人38 as a matter of fact(in fact)实际上；事实上39 responsibility/rspnsblt/n.责任；职责accept responsibility fortake responsibility for 为负责Its a great responsibility.to be chosen.it 为形式主语，真正的主语为 to be chose
24、n。40 句中包含“as much不可数名词as”结构，其意思是“和(程度上)一样多”。41 will be held,will be built,will be designed 均为一般将来时的被动语态，指在将来发生的被动动作。42 olive/lv/n.橄榄树；橄榄叶；橄榄枝；橄榄色43 wreath/ri/n.花圈；花冠；圈状物44 replace/rples/vt.取代；替换；代替has been replaced 是现在完成时的被动语态，其构成是：have/has been done。45 all about 一切为了；都是为了46 motto/mt/n.(pl.mottos 或
25、mottoes)座右铭；格言；警句the schools motto 校训ones motto 某人的座右铭47 swift/swft/adj.快的；迅速的swifter 是 swift 的比较级。再翻译 采访帕萨尼亚斯是大约 2 000 年前的一位希腊作家，他于 2007年 3 月 18 日作了一次魔幻旅行，来了解当代奥林匹克运动会的情况。现在他正在采访一位 2008 年奥林匹克运动会的志愿者李燕。帕：我叫帕萨尼亚斯。我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。现在我来到你们这个时代，想了解有关当代奥运会的情况，因为我知道 2004 年奥运会是在我的祖国举行的。我可
26、以问你几个有关现代奥林匹克运动会的问题吗？李：天啊！你真的来自那么久远的年代？当然你可以问你想问的任何问题。你想知道什么呢？帕：你们的奥运会多久举行一次？李：每四年一次。奥运会主要有两种：冬季奥运会和夏季奥运会。这两种运动会按常规都是每四年举行一次。冬季奥运会通常在夏季奥运会的前两年举行。只有达到他们各自项目统一标准的运动员才会被接受参加奥运会。选手可以来自世界上任何一个地方。帕：冬季奥运会？冬天运动员怎么可能赛跑啊？又怎么可能赛马呢？李：噢，不！冬奥会并不包括跑步和骑马比赛，但是有像滑冰和滑雪这类需要冰雪的比赛项目，所以才叫它冬季奥运会。跑步、游泳、划船和所有团体项目是在夏季奥运会上进行的。
27、帕：我明白了。你之前说邀请来的运动员来自世界各地。你指的是希腊世界吗？我们希腊各个城市之间曾经为了赢得荣誉而彼此竞争。别的国家不能参加，奴隶和妇女也不能参加！李：现在只要它们的运动员达到了参赛的标准，任何国家都能参赛。总共有 250 多个运动项目，每个项目都有自己的标准。妇女不仅允许参加，而且她们还在体操、竞技和团体等比赛项目中起着非常重要的作用帕：请等一下！所有的项目，所有的国家，甚至妇女也都参加！所有这些参赛的人住在哪里呢？李：每届奥运会都有一个特殊的村庄(奥运村)供参赛的人住，一个主要的接待大楼，好几个供比赛用的体育场，还有一个室内体育馆。帕：那听起来要花很多钱吧。会有人想承办奥运会吗？
28、李：事实上，每个国家都想抓住这个机会。被选中不仅要承担巨大的责任同时也享有极大的荣誉。国与国之间争取奥运会承办权的竞争就跟争夺奥运奖牌一样激烈。2008 年的奥运会将在中国的北京举行，你知道吗？帕：是的！你们一定很自豪。李：当然。在那之后 2012 年的奥运会将在伦敦举行。他们现在已开始筹划。在伦敦的东部将为运动员建立一个新的奥运村和所有的运动场。当然还会设计新的奖牌帕：你刚才说奖牌是吗？就连橄榄枝花环也被取代了！天哪！你们也为奖金而竞赛吗？李：不，不是的。仍然是为了能够跑得更快，跳得更高，掷得更远。你知道，奥运会的口号就是“更快，更高，更强”。帕：嗯，那是个好消息。很有趣！占用了你的时间，非
29、常感谢。通语篇 学理解 重分析2语篇理解.Skim the text and fill in the blanks about the main idea of the passage.ItemsThe Ancient OlympicsThe Modern OlympicsFrequencyEvery four yearsEvery 1_ yearsTypesOnly Summer Olympic GamesThe Summer and the 2_ OlympicsEventsFewerOver 3_fourWinter250ItemsThe Ancient OlympicsThe Mode
30、rn OlympicsAthletesOnly men from 4_ citiesAll countries can take part,including 5_PlacesGreeceEvery country that wants to 6_ itPrizesOlive 7_Olympic 8_Greekwomenhostwreathsmedals.Read the text carefully and choose the best answers according to the text.1Why did Pausanias come to China from Ancient G
31、reece?ATo watch the present-day Olympic Games.BTo find out about the present-day Olympic Games.CTo take part in the present-day Olympic Games.DTo work as a volunteer for the 2008 Olympic Games.答案：B2Which of the following cant be included in the Summer Olympic Games?ARunning races.BSwimming.CSailing.
32、DSkiing.答案：D3Why do so many countries compete for hosting the Olympic Games?ABecause it can bring in lots of money to the host country.BBecause it can make the host country win more medals.CBecause its a great responsibility and a great honour.DBecause it can make the host country stronger.答案：C4Whic
33、h word can best describe Pausanias feeling?ADisappointed.BAngry.CSad.DSurprised.答案：D.Analyze the following difficult sentences in the text.1Pausanias,who was a Greek writer about 2,000 years ago,has come on a magical journey on March 18th,2007 to find out about the present-day Olympic Games.分析Pausan
34、ias，who was a Greek writer.2,000 years ago，主语，修饰主语has come on a magical journey on March 18th,2007谓语to find out about the present-day Olympic Games.不定式作翻译 帕萨尼亚斯是大约 2 000 年前的一位希腊作家，他于 2007 年 3 月 18 日作了一次魔幻旅行，来了解当代奥林匹克运动会的情况。非限制性定语从句时间状语目的状语2I lived in what you call“Ancient Greece”and I used to write
35、about the Olympic Games a long time ago.分析I lived in what you call“Ancient Greece”and分句一(包含引导的)并列连词I used to write about the Olympic Games a long time ago.分句二翻译 我生活在你们所说的“古希腊”。我曾经写过很久以前奥林匹克运动会的情况。what宾语从句3Ive come to your time to find out about the present-day Olympic Games because I know that in 2004 they were held in my homeland.分析翻译 现在我来到你们这个时代，想了解有关当代奥运会的情况，因为我知道 2004 年奥运会是在我的祖国举行的。目的状语宾语从句原因状语从句