1、Unit 4 History and Traditions课时素养评价 十Unit 4Reading and Thinking. 单句语法填空1. It is only the achievement(achieve) of these goals that will finally bring lasting peace. 2. His footprints were clearly evident(evidence) in the heavy dust. 3. There are lots of cemeteries(cemetery) outside the country. 4. Th
2、ey climbed upward along the steep cliffs surrounding(surround) the village. 5. Confucius is a great philosopher(philosophy) and educator in our country. 6. A must is a visit to the fascinating(fascinate) Motor Museum. 7. When chiefs(chief) of other tribes (部落) heard about this, they were all moved.
3、8. His letter poses a number of puzzling(puzzle) questions. 9. The immune system (免疫系统) is our main defence(defend) against disease. 10. I have to find a convenient location(locate) for the shelves. . 选词填空battle against, keep ones eyes open, add to, belong to, be surrounded with, break away from, jo
4、in to, as well as, in defence of, result in 1. Keep your eyes open for opportunities to improve your speaking and writing skills. 2. The naughty boy doesnt belong to the Smith family. 3. The remote area was joined to the developed areas by the new road. 4. The little wooden house was surrounded with
5、 colorful flowers blooming. 5. The villagers built a strong dam in defence of their village against the flood. 6. What can we do to help them to break away from the difficult position? 7. The advanced technology of the giant HD display Tempo will add to your convenience during your workout in a gym.
6、 8. We wonder what resulted in the great change in his character. 9. The soldiers battled against the enemy in spite of cold and hunger. 10. The result depends on conditions as well as how events developed. . 根据汉语提示完成句子1. Studying philosophy will open another window to our lives. 研究哲学将打开我们生活的另一扇窗户。2
7、. The latest technology of Facebook makes 3D photos possible without dual-camera input. Facebook的最新技术使不用双摄像头的3D照片成为可能。3. You can refer to the dictionary if necessary when you preview the new words. 在你预习生词时, 必要的话可以查阅词典。 4. The president will hold a meeting to discuss the way (that/in which) the count
8、ry is developing its education. 总统将要举行会议讨论这个国家发展教育的方式。5. The company will always have the workers examined in hospital at the end of the year. 这家公司在年末时总是会让工人们去医院检查身体。. 阅读理解A(2020重庆高一检测)The University of SheffieldBack to its originThe University of Sheffield is a research university in the city of Sh
9、effield in South Yorkshire, England. It is one of the original “red brick” universities, which are a group of top and famous old universities. The University of Sheffield was originally formed by the combination of three colleges. The Sheffield School of Medicine was founded in 1828, followed in 187
10、9 by the opening of Firth College by Mark Firth, a steel manufacturer (制造商), to teach arts and science subjects. Firth College then helped to provide money for the opening of the Sheffield Technical School in 1884 to teach applied science. In 1897 the three institutions were joined together to form
11、the University College of Sheffield, which in turn became the University of Sheffield by Royal Charter (特许) in 1905. This university is famous for its good education and boasts a number of Nobel Prize winners among its former students. More informationSystem: The University has five departments: Art
12、s and Humanities; Engineering; Pure Science; Social Science; Medicine, Dentistry and Health. The University of Sheffield also has many research programs in fields including aerospace, environmental science, psychology, and biology. City show: Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England. Sheff
13、ield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there are many parks and woods throughout the city and beyond. Sheffield is the greenest city in England with 150 woodlands and 50 public parks within the city. Once, in Sheffield, the folk heroRobin Hood lived
14、 in Sherwood Forest with 150 of his loyal friends. And Charlotte Bronte, the English writer noted for her novel Jane Eyre was born in Sheffield. 【文章大意】本文介绍了谢菲尔德大学的发展历史和该大学的学院设置并对谢菲尔德这座城市进行了介绍。1. From the first paragraph what can we conclude about the University of Sheffield? A. It has a good fame fo
15、r many great graduates. B. It has a long history of more than 180 years. C. It isnt one member of “red brick” universities. D. It is only famous for science subjects. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句可知, 这所大学因出了很多优秀毕业生而出名。故选A。2. Sheffield is in the _of England. A. eastB. westC. southD. north【解析】选D。细节理解题。根据最后一段
16、第一句“Sheffield is a lively city in the north of England. ”可知, 该城市位于英格兰的北部。故选D。3. What can we infer from the text? A. Sheffield has very beautiful scenery. B. Charlotte Bronte is not an English writer. C. Sheffield is the biggest city of England. D. Robin Hood is a character in Jane Eyre. 【解析】选A。推理判断题
17、。根据最后一段中“Sheffield is known as the greenest city in Europe because of its 2 million trees. As a result, there. . . within the city. ”的关键信息“the greenest city in Europe”“the greenest city in England”可以推断出Sheffield有优美的风景。故选A。B(2020郑州高一检测)I dont think I can recall a time when I wasnt aware of the beauty
18、 of the ocean. Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of having the sea at my side. The first time I went to Halfmoon Bay, I suddenly had the feeling of not being able to feel the ground with my feet anymore. For my 10th birthday, my sister and I were taken out to the Great Barrier Reef (大堡
19、礁). There were fish in different colors, caves and layers of coral (珊瑚). They made such an impression on me. When I learned that only 1 percent of Australias Coral Sea was protected, I was shocked. Australian marine (海洋的) life is particularly important because the reefs have more marine species than
20、 any other country on earth. But sadly, only 45% of the worlds reefs are considered healthy. If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are doing, there would certainly be more and more marine disasters happening before our eyes, causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also
21、damage to health of the earth, our only home. The situation of ocean protection against disasters is serious, so its important for us to do everything to protect them. The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco-system (生态系统) has led me to take action. Ive become involved with the Protect Our
22、 Coral Sea activity, which aims to create the largest marine park in the world. It would serve as a place where the oceans species will all have a safe place forever. Together, Angus and I created a little video and we hope it will inspire people to be a part of the movement. Angus also shares many
23、beautiful childhood memories of the ocean as a young boy, who grew up sailing, admiring the beauty of the ocean, and trying to find the secrets of ocean species. 【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。文章向我们介绍了澳大利亚的海洋生物面临的危机以及作者为此所做的一些努力。4. From the underlined sentence in Paragraph 1, we can learn the author _. A. seldom we
24、nt surfing at the seaB. forgot his experiences about the oceanC. never went back to his hometownD. had a wonderful impression of Halfmoon Bay【解析】选D。推理判断题。根据第一段第一、二句可知, 作者认为大海很美, 自己很幸运能经常看到海, 故画线句应是对半月湾的赞美。D项符合文意。5. According to the second paragraph, Australian marine life _. A. is escaping from the
25、Coral Sea graduallyB. depends on reefs for living greatlyC. may be faced with dangerD. is protected better than that in other oceans【解析】选C。推理判断题。根据第二段最后两句可推知, 澳大利亚的海洋生物可能面临危险。故选C项。6. The Protect Our Coral Sea activity is intended to _. A. contribute to a complete eco-systemB. prevent more marine spe
26、cies from being endangeredC. set up a large nature reserve for reefsD. raise more teenagers environmental awareness【解析】选B。推理判断题。根据第三段最后一句可推知, 这项活动的目的是创造一个为海洋生物提供永久安全的地方, 阻止更多的海洋物种灭绝。故选B项。7. Angus and the author created a little video to _. A. encourage more people to take action to protect the marin
27、e speciesB. inspire more people to explore the secret of the oceanC. share their childhood experiences about the oceanD. bring back to people their memory of ocean species【解析】选A。细节理解题。根据最后一段第一句可知, 拍摄小视频是为了鼓励人们去采取行动保护海洋生物。故选A项。【阅读多维训练】1. 句式仿写(1)Growing up in Australia, I had the good fortune of havin
28、g the sea at my side. 仿写: Working in the office all day, Tim would like to have a relaxing walk in the park after work. 在办公室工作了一整天, 蒂姆下班后想到公园放松地散散步。(2)The hope that the Coral Sea remains a complete eco-system has led me to take action. 仿写: We are excited to hear the news that the scientists have mad
29、e a great breakthrough in the research. 听到科学家们在这项研究上已取得重大突破的消息, 我们都很兴奋。(3)It would serve as a place where the oceans species will all have a safe place forever. 仿写: We want to find a place where we can read books quietly. 我们想找一个我们可以安静地读书的地方。2. 长难句分析If we continued dealing with the ocean as we are do
30、ing, there would certainly be more and more marine disasters happening before our eyes, causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home. 译文: 如果我们继续像现在这样对待海洋, 肯定会有越来越多的海洋灾难在我们眼前发生, 不仅仅导致大量的海洋生物死亡而且损害我们唯一的家园地球的健康。分析: If we continued deal
31、ing with the ocean as we are doing为条件状语从句, 其中 as we are doing为 we continued dealing with the ocean的方式状语从句; 主句中的 happening before our eyes 为marine disasters的定语, 表示主动关系; causing not only deaths of large quantities of marine life but also damage to health of the earth, our only home为现在分词结构作结果状语; not on
32、ly. . . but also. . . 连接并列结构作cause 的宾语, 其中our only home为 the earth的同位语。. 阅读填句(2020合肥高一检测)根据短文内容, 从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。A new study suggests that the timing of a wound affects the speed at which it heals(痊愈). Wounds suffered during the day heal around 60 percent faster than those at night
33、. The study showed how the bodies circadian rhythm(昼夜节律) controlled the healing of wounds. 1 It tells our bodies when to wake up, eat and sleep in a cyclea series of activities that repeat themselves day after day. 2In the study, researchers found that skin cells moved faster to repair wounds suffer
34、ed during the day. Their findings were published in the Journal Science Translational Medicine. The researchers examined cells, mice, and burn injury databases. 3Nighttime burnsburns suffered between 8 oclock at night and 8 oclock the next morning were 95 percent healed after an average of 28 days.
35、But after an average of 17 days, daytime burns -burns suffered between 8 oclock in the morning and 8 at night were 95 percent healed. 4Wounds are very costly to treat. 5 In Britains National Health Services, for example, such services cost around $6. 56 billion per year. Experts say the high costs r
36、esult, in part, from a lack of drugs that speed up the closure of wounds. A. Each cycle lasts about 24 hours. B. The circadian rhythm is like a clock or timer. C. Specifically, their investigation found the following information: D. The new studys findings could help scientists develop drugs better.
37、 E. In other words, nighttime injuries took an average of 11 days longer to heal 95 percent. F. Worldwide, billions of dollars are spent every year on wound-treatment services. G. Thats what a group of researchers from a university in Canada recently published. 【文章大意】本文介绍了一项科学研究, 研究表明在白天受的伤比在夜晚受的伤愈合
38、得更快。1. 【解析】选B。根据空后信息可知, 此处作者强调昼夜节律有很强的周期性, B项衔接前句, 表明昼夜节律像时钟或者计时器一样, 符合语境。2. 【解析】选A。根据空前句中的 “a cyclea series of activities that repeat themsevles day after day”可知此周期每天循环, 由此可判断周期时长为24小时, 故选A。3. 【解析】选C。空前提到研究人员研究分析了烧伤数据库, 空后谈到调查研究结果, 由此判断C项符合语境。 4. 【解析】选E。由上文信息可知, 夜晚受的烧伤修复95%需要28天的周期, 而白天受的烧伤修复95%只需要
39、17天。因此可以判断, 夜晚修复95%的平均周期比白天长11天, 故E项符合语境。5. 【解析】选F。根据空前句可知, 创伤治疗费用高, 后文举例“such services cost around $6. 56 billion”说明治疗费用很高, 因此F项符合语境。. 完形填空Years ago, when I was working as psychologist at a childrens institution in England, a boy showed up in the waiting room. It was David. Davids face was pale, an
40、d he stared at his feet 1. He had lost his father as a baby and when David turned 13, his mother was killed in a car accident. He was very depressed, 2to talk to others. The first two times we met, David didnt say a word. As he was about to leave after the second visit, I put my hand on his shoulder
41、. He didnt shrink back, 3he didnt look at me either. “Come back next week, ” I 4a bit. Then I said, “I know it hurts. ”He came, and I 5we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that we played chess every Wednesday afternoon in complete 6 and without making any eye 7. Its not easy to cheat in chess,
42、but I admit that I made sure David 8once or twice. It seemed as if he enjoyed my 9, though he never looked at me. Perhaps he 10 that I respected his suffering. Until some months later, suddenly, he looked up at me, “Its your 11, ” he said. After that day, David started 12. Since then he really start
43、ed to live his own life. Maybe I gave David 13. And David showed me how onewithout any wordscan 14out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a 15to cry on, a friendly touch, a sympathetic nature and an ear that listens. 【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。讲述的是作者帮助失去父母的戴维开启了新的生活, 作者也从这次经历中学到了很多。1. A. happilyB. friendly
44、 C. nervously D. excitedly【解析】选C。考查词义辨析。句意: 他脸色苍白, 紧张地盯着自己的双脚。happily高兴地; friendly友好的; nervously紧张地; excitedly兴奋地。根据前文Davids face was pale, 可知戴维脸色苍白, 这说明他很紧张, 故选C项。2. A. willing B. waiting C. refusing D. longing【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。 句意: 他情绪低落, 拒绝跟他人讲话。will 愿意, 希望, 想要; wait等待; refuse拒绝; long渴望。根据后文 The fi
45、rst two times we met, David didnt say a word. 可知头两次见面时戴维一句话也没说, 这说明他拒绝说话, 故选C项。3. A. butB. because C. orD. unless【解析】选A。考查连词词义辨析。根据前文He didnt shrink back可知戴维没有退缩着躲开, 根据后文he didnt look at me either他也没有看我, 前后文为转折关系, 故选A项。4. A. hesitatedB. cheered C. relaxedD. regretted【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。hesitated犹豫; chee
46、red欢呼; relaxed放松; regretted后悔。根据后文Then I said, “I know it hurts. ”可知我对戴维说“这令人难过”, 结合前文可知戴维失去了父母, 不愿意说话, 我这么说可能会触及他的伤心处, 所以犹豫了一下。故选A项。5. A. announcedB. expectedC. suggestedD. ordered【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 他的确来了, 我提议我们下国际象棋。announced宣布; expected期待, 期望; suggested建议, 提议; ordered命令。根据后文He nodded可知戴维点头同意, 说明
47、下国际象棋是我提出来的建议, 戴维点头是同意了“我”的建议, 故选C项。6. A. equalB. silenceC. libertyD. independence【解析】选B。考查副词和名词词义辨析。equal同样; 平等; silence沉默; liberty自由; independence独立。根据后文可知戴维在几个月之后才开口说话, 这说明在这之前他都没和我说话, 我们是在沉默中下国际象棋的, 故选B项。7. A. exerciseB. moveC. restD. contact【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。exercise锻炼; 练习; move移动; rest休息; contac
48、t联系; 接触。根据后文可知下国际象棋时戴维从不看我, 这说明下国际象棋时我和他没有眼神上的接触交流, 故选D项。8. A. confusedB. challengedC. wonD. fought【解析】选C。考查动词词义辨析。confused使迷惑; challenged挑战; won赢得; fought战斗; 吵架。根据Its not easy to cheat in chess可知下国际象棋时作弊并不容易, 这说明我下国际象棋时作弊了, 结合语境, 作为大人我的棋艺肯定好一些, 所以我作弊应该是为了让戴维赢。故选C项。9. A. companyB. requestC. talentD.
49、 chess【解析】选A。考查名词词义辨析。句意: 看上去他好像很享受我的陪伴, 尽管他从不看我一眼。company陪伴; 公司; request请求; talent才能; 天才; 天资; chess国际象棋。我和戴维一起下国际象棋对于戴维来说是一种陪伴, 故选A项。10. A. heardB. witnessedC. forgotD. sensed【解析】选D。考查动词词义辨析。heard听到; witnessed目击; forgot忘记; sensed感觉到; 察觉到。根据前文It seemed as if he enjoyed my _, though he never looked a
50、t me. 可知戴维很喜欢和我在一起, 原因有可能就是戴维感觉到了我尊重他的苦楚, 故选D项。11. A. dutyB. achievementC. turnD. luck【解析】选C。考查名词词义辨析。duty责任; 义务; achievement成就; turn (依次轮流的)轮班, 轮番, 次序; luck幸运。结合语境, 下国际象棋是要轮流落子的, 所以戴维对我说“轮到你了”, 故选C项。12. A. talkingB. livingC. listeningD. growing【解析】选A。考查动词词义辨析。talk说话; live生活; listen听; grow成长。根据前文“It
51、s your_, ” he said. 可知戴维开口说话了, 所以那天之后, 他开始说话了。故选A项。13. A. anythingB. somethingC. nothingD. everything【解析】选B。考查代词词义辨析。anything任何事情; something某物, 某事; nothing无事; everything每一件事。结合语境, 这里要表达的是也许我给过戴维某种东西, 故选B项。14. A. jumpB. reachC. pickD. look【解析】选B。考查动词词义辨析。句意: 戴维还使我明白, 一个人怎样才能不通过语言而去帮助他人。jump跳; reach 到达; pick 挑选; 采摘; look看。我通过下国际象棋而不是谈话帮助了戴维, reach out to sb. 为固定搭配, 意为“对伸出援手”符合语境, 故选B项。15. A. sofaB. topicC. reasonD. shoulder【解析】选D。考查名词词义辨析。sofa沙发; topic话题; reason理由; shoulder肩膀。一个拥抱, 哭泣时可以依靠的肩膀, 友好的接触, 一种同情的本性以及倾听的耳朵都是跟人有关, 以此类推, 哭泣时可以依靠的应该是人的肩膀, 故选D项。