1、课时分层作业(八).单句语法填空1Washing(wash) the car makes him dirty.2My closing(close) the door made him angry.3This displays various details associated(associate) with the certificate.4He set about helping(help) homeless women and children to place of safety.5Against all expectations(expectation)，she was enjoyi
2、ng herself.6I ended up doing(do) stupid things so that people would talk about me for a different reason to the way I looked.7The elder brother who follows in his fathers footsteps won a commanding position in society.8He can not adjust himself(he) to the pace of metropolitan life.9Attached(attach)
3、to the front of the house，there was a large veranda.10Both of them are too stubborn to agree(agree) a compromise.完形填空The job of raising children is a tough one. Children dont come with an instruction manual(说明书)And each child is 1 .So parents sometimes pull their hair out in frustration, not 2 what
4、to do.But in raising children，what we do is 3 by our culture.Naturally then，American parents teach their children basic American 4 .To Americans，the goal of parents is to help children 5 on their own feet.From childhood，each child may get his or her own room.As children grow，they get more 6 to make
5、their own choices.Teenagers choose their own forms of entertainment，as well as the friends to 7 them with.When they reach young adulthood，they choose their own jobs and marriage partners.Of course，many young adults still 8 their parents advice and approval for the choices they make.But once they“lea
6、ve the 9 ” at around 18 to 21 years old，they want to be on their own，not 10 to their mothers apron strings(围裙带)The relationship between parents and children in America is very informal.American parents 11 their children as individualsnot as extensions of themselves.They 12 them to achieve their own
7、dreams.Americans praise，encourage and give their children the 13 to succeed.When children become adults，their parents become more like friends.But 14 to popular belief，most adult Americans dont make their parents pay for room and board when their parents come to 15 them.Even as adults，they respect a
8、nd honor their parents.【语篇解读】本文是说明文。主要介绍了美国人养育孩子的方式。1A.strange BdifferentCnew DunlikeB根据语境和常识可知，每个孩子都是不同的(different)，故选B。2A.noticing BrememberingCknowing DdecidingC与上文Children dont come with an instruction manual(说明书)呼应可推知，父母不知道(know)如何应对，很沮丧，故选C。3A.influenced BmadeCcontrolled DchangedA根据语境和常识可推知，父母
9、在养育孩子方面的做法会受相关文化的影响(influence)，故选A。4A.services BstandardsClaws DvaluesD与上文by our culture呼应可推知，此处表示美国的父母会教给孩子们基本的美国式价值观(value)，故选D。5A.sit BgetCstand DriseC根据语境可知，此处表示帮助孩子独立，与下文they want to be on their own呼应，故选C。stand on ones own feet为固定用法，表示“独立自主，自立”。6A.freedom BspaceCtime DmoneyA根据语境以及下文to make thei
10、r own choices可推知，随着孩子们长大，他们有更多的自由(freedom)去自己做决定。7A.help BjoinCshare DprovideC根据语境可知，此处表示青少年自己选择娱乐的方式，以及分享(share)这些娱乐方式的朋友。8A.seek BinviteCtry DchooseA根据该句中的still和advice，并结合常识可推知，对于自己的选择，许多年轻人会寻求(seek)父母的建议和赞同。9A.room BstudyCnest DplaceC根据下文中的they want to be on their own, not to their mothers apron
11、strings(围裙带)和空前的leave可推知，孩子们在18岁到21岁左右“离开安乐窝(nest)”。10A.connected BheldCstuck DtiedD根据上文中的they want to be on their own，并结合语境可推知，此处表示长大成人的孩子们不想系(tie)在妈妈的围裙带上，故选D。11A.look BviewCthink DrecognizeB根据语境可知，此处表示美国父母把孩子们视为(view)个体。固定词组view.as.意为“把视为”，符合语境，故选B。12A.hope BsuggestCallow DcommandC根据语境可知，此处表示美国父母
12、允许(allow)孩子们去实现他们自己的梦想。13A.power BtrustCenergy DconfidenceD根据语境以及该句中的praise和encourage可推知，美国父母给予孩子们信心(confidence)去获得成功，故选D。14A.known BsimilarCcontrary DdueC根据语境可知，此处表示与普遍的看法相反。固定词组contrary to sth.，意为“与相反”，故选C。15A.notice BvisitCwatch DobserveB根据语境可推知，此处表示当父母来访(visit)时，美国人并不会让父母支付食宿费用，故选B。.语法填空Accordin
13、g to a review of evidence in a medical journal，runners live three years 1. (long) than nonrunners.You dont have to run fast or for long 2. (see) the benefit.You may drink，smoke，be overweight and still reduce your risk of 3. (die) early by running.While running regularly cant make you live forever，th
14、e review says it 4. (be) more effective at lengthening life 5. walking，cycling or swimming.Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 6. showed a mere five to 10 minutes a day of running reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from all 7. (cause)The best exercise
15、 is one that you enjoy and will do.But otherwise.its probably running.To avoid knee pain，you can run on soft surfaces，do exercises to 8. (strength) your leg muscles(肌肉)，avoid hills and get good running shoes.Running is cheap，easy and its always 9. (energy)If you are time poor，you need run for only h
16、alf the time to get the same benefits as other sports，so perhaps we should all give 10. a try.【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了跑步带来的多种健康益处。一本医学杂志上的评论及研究表明，跑步不仅使人长寿，而且可以降低死亡的风险。1longer考查副词。句中有than，故用long的比较级longer。2to see考查非谓语动词。本句有谓语，因此此处应用非谓语动词；分析句子结构及句意可知，此处应用动词不定式to see作目的状语。3dying考查非谓语动词。短语reduce ones risk of.
17、“降低某人的风险”，此处介词of后用动名词作宾语。4is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。本文介绍了跑步的好处，通篇以一般现在时为主。本句中宾语从句与主句的时态应保持一致，故用一般现在时；且宾语从句中的主语为it，故用is。5than考查介词。根据句中的more可知，此处应用介词than引出比较对象。此处表示跑步比散步、骑行或游泳更能有效地延长寿命。故填than。6that/which考查定语从句。分析句子结构可知，此处引导定语从句，先行词为a study，且定语从句中缺少主语，故填关系代词that/which。7causes考查名词。此处cause是可数名词，意为“原因”，句中的all表示“所有”，后应用可数名词的复数形式，故填causes。8strengthen考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处为动词不定式作目的状语，故本空应填动词strengthen，意为“增强，加强”。9energetic考查形容词。and连接两个并列分句，两个分句都表示跑步的特征，and前面的cheap和easy均为形容词，故此处应用形容词energetic作表语，意为“需要能量的，剧烈的”。10it/running考查固定搭配。give it a try为固定搭配，意为“试一试”，根据语境可知，it指代running，故可填it或running。