1、江苏省前黄高级中学2024届高一期初调研英语试卷第I卷（客观题）第一部分：听力 (共20小题，每小题1.5分，满分30分)第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。 1. When is the next train to Chicago?A. At 8:00 B. At 8:30. C. At 8:40. 2. Why does the man want to leave his job? A. H
2、e doesnt get on with his workmates. B. He thinks the job is too boring. C. The working place is too far. 3. What is wrong with the man? A. Hes got a headache. B. He cant fall asleep at night. C. He doesnt feel the pain. 4. What will the man do next? A Leave. B. Phone Linda. C. Keep on waiting. 5. Wh
3、at are the speakers mainly talking about? A. James daily life. B. James business. C. James family. 第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. What does the woman suggest the man do?
4、 A. Call Ms. Hall. B. Phone the guy back. C. Give the guys number to Ms. Hall. 7. What do we know about Ms. Hall? A. She will call the guy after lunch. B. She doesnt bring her cell phone. C. She will come in this afternoon. 听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8. What does the woman complain? A. She cant concentrate on s
5、tudy. B. She doesnt have time to relax C. She cant hear the TV clearly. 9. What will the man do next? A. Do his homework. B. Turn off the TV. C. Close the door. 听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10. What can we conclude from this conversation?A. The man prefers walking as a form of exercise. B. The man is catching t
6、he bus.C. The man doesnt know the city very well. 11. Where is the Bank of Switzerland?A. On the right of the City Hall. B. On the left of a park. C. Behind a post office.12. How will the man get to the park?A. On foot. B. By taxi. C. By subway.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Why cant the man meet the woman fo
7、r lunch?A. He has to work at the office. B. He has to meet a customer. C. He has to look after the kids.14. How does the woman feel about the man?A. Worried. B. Satisfied. C. Annoyed.15. What can we learn from the conversation?A. The man will be busy next week. B. The woman will go to the theatre al
8、one. C. The seats in the theatre have been booked up.16. What is the probable relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife. B. Workmates. C. Salesman and customer.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where are the speakers?A. In a film workshop. B. In a radio studio. （播音室） C. In a theatre.18. What was the
9、 woman when she got the lead in Starshine?A. A film star. B. A student. C. A stage actress.19. Why didnt the woman make any more films after finishing Starshine?A. She didnt receive offers. B. She didnt like acting in films. C. She didnt want to work far from home.20. What is the woman doing now?A.
10、Performing in a play. B. Studying at school. C. Staying at home.第二部分：阅读理解 (共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分)认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。 ALosing a baby tooth can be fun for a kid. You can put it under your pillow and look forward to finding some money there in the morning. And then you
11、can watch your new permanent(永恒的）tooth grow in its place.But if a permanent tooth falls out, thats a problem. There isnt another one under the gum（齿龈）that can replace it. Unfortunately, this happens to some older people. And if permanent teeth fall out or need to be pulled, an older person might nee
12、d dentures.Dentures,known as false teeth, are a set of replacement teeth for any teeth that are missing.There are partial dentures, which take the place of only a few teeth and prevent the others from changing position. If all the teeth are gone, the person would need complete dentures,which replace
13、 every tooth in the mouth.Dentures can cause pains at first but take little time to get used to.They also need special care. They should be brushed daily with a special denture brush and cleanser and soaked(浸泡） in denture solution when not in the mouth.Dentures are important for the old because, wit
14、hout teeth, its hard to smile, talk, and eat properly. But it can be a little weird if you see someone take out his or her dentures. It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she wont have any teeth. Try not to make fun of the person because this co
15、uld cause hurt feelings.People usually lose their permanent teeth due to periodontal disease (牙周炎）， or gum disease, which is caused by bacteria that attack the gums. Diseased gums arent strong and healthy, so teeth can get loose and fall out. Older people often have many cavities (洞） that have been
16、filled over the years, and these fillings can weaken over time, leading to more tooth problems.1. If one of your baby teeth falls out, you_A. should have a false tooth fixed in its placeB. will gain a permanent tooth in future.C. have to put it under your pillow at onceD. can exchange it for some mo
17、ney2. A person wearing dentures_A. will experience unpleasant feelings at the beginningB. will spend a very long time adjusting himself or herself to themC. should brush them with a special denture brush every few daysD. should use denture solution to soak them in his or her mouth3. Which of the fol
18、lowing is NOT true according to the passage?A. Partial dentures can prevent the remaining teeth from changing position.B. Old people will find it hard to smile, talk, and eat properly without teeth.C. A persons teeth will possibly get loose if diseases strike his gums.D It is hard for a person to we
19、ar dentures if all his teeth have fallen out.4. What does the underlined word weird mean in the fifth paragraph?A. inconvenientB. excitedC. strangeD. impolite【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D 4. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章对假牙的作用和重要性进行了说明。【详解】1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句“And then you can watch your new permanent(永恒的）tooth grow in its
20、 place.”（然后你就可以看到你的新恒牙在原来的地方生长了。）可知，当乳牙掉后，会有一颗新的恒牙长出来，故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第五段第一句“Dentures can cause pains at first but take little time to get used to.”（假牙一开始会引起疼痛，但很快就会习惯。）可知，戴假牙在刚开始时会产生疼痛，需要一段时间来适应，故选A。3.细节理解题。根据第四段第一句“There are partial dentures, which take the place of only a few teeth and prevent the
21、others from changing position.”（有部分假牙，它只能代替几颗牙齿，防止其他牙齿改变位置。）可知，局部假牙可以防止剩余的牙齿改变位置，所以选项A正确，排除A；根据第六段第一句“Dentures are important for the old because, without teeth, its hard to smile, talk, and eat properly.”（假牙对老年人很重要，因为没有牙齿，就很难微笑、说话和正常饮食。）可知，老年人会发现没有牙齿就很难微笑、说话和正常饮食，所以选项B正确，排除B；根据最后一段“People usually lo
22、se their permanent teeth due to periodontal disease (牙周炎）， or gum disease, which is caused by bacteria that attack the gums. Diseased gums arent strong and healthy, so teeth can get loose and fall out.”（人们失去恒牙通常是由于牙周病或牙龈疾病，这种疾病是由攻击牙龈的细菌引起的。患病的牙龈不结实不健康，所以牙齿会松动脱落。）可知，牙龈生病的话，人的牙齿可能会松动，所以选项C正确，排除C；根据第五段
23、“It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she wont have any teeth. ”（看到像爷爷奶奶这样的人因为没有牙齿而没有戴假牙也会很奇怪。）可知，牙齿全掉的人也是可以戴假牙的，所以选项D错误，故选D。4.词义推测题。根据画线词后的“It can also be strange to see someone, like a grandparent, without dentures in because he or she wont h
24、ave any teeth. ”（看到像爷爷奶奶这样的人因为没有牙齿而没有戴假牙也会很奇怪。）中的also可知，前后两句呈承接并列关系，所以前后句想表达的意思相似，所以weird在此处的意思应为奇怪，故选C。BIn the Hollywood movie The Martian, actor Matt Damon plays an astronaut who grows food on Mars(火星)to survive alone on the red planet.After seeing the movie, Washington State University physicist
25、Michael Allen and University of Idaho food scientist Helen Joyner decided to carry out a case study helping students figure out how to farm on Mars. In the case study, students have to imagine they are mining(采矿) on Mars and decide how to feed themselves there before starting on the journey. They ge
26、t advice from Allen and Joyner on how to select crops and take the challenges of growing crops over long periods on Mars. Students use a scoring system to select three foods to plant on Mars.Allen found the results impressive: among 30 students, “no two people have ever gotten the same answer”, he s
27、aid.Human travelers to Mars will likely have to make use of resources on the planet rather than take everything they need with them on a spaceship. This means farming their own food on another planet, one that has a very different ecosystem (生态系统) from Earths.One challenge for those who would like t
28、o live on Mars is the fact that there can be no farming tools. Like real astronauts, students taking part in the study cannot take a lot of farming tools with them. As Joyner put it to his student astronauts, “You are starting with nothing.”Besides, students also have to deal with a very limited cho
29、ice of diet. “If I had to eat a single food for the rest of my life, could I do it?” Joyner asked.But Allen believes the case study is about more than farming and eating on the Red Planet.“Im not teaching about growing food on Mars,” Allen said. “Im teaching about living with choices. Im teaching ab
30、out problem solving.”5. In the case study, students have to _.A. watch the movie to know the conditions on MarsB. decide which crop to grow on Mars with the help of the teachersC. design different types of diets on Mars for them to chooseD. understand how to farm on Mars with their favorite farming
31、tools6. Michael Allen thinks that the case study _.A. increases students knowledge about farmingB. helps student know more about MarsC. develops students skills of solving problemsD. teaches students how to make proper choices7. The passage is mainly intended _.A. to describe a research on how to fa
32、rm on MarsB. to prepare us to deal with problems on MarsC to teach us how to survive on Mars aloneD. to introduce a Hollywood movie, The Martian【答案】5. B 6. C 7. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了一项关于如何在火星上种植作物的研究。【5题详解】细节理解题。由第二段“They get advice from Allen and Joyner on how to select crops and take the challeng
33、es of growing crops over long periods on Mars”可知，他们从Allen and Joyne那里得到如何选择农作物的建议，并接受在火星上长时间种植农作物的挑战。所以在案例研究中，学生必须在老师的帮助下决定在火星上种植哪种作物。故选B项。【6题详解】推理判断题。由最后段“Im teaching about problem solving”可知，我在教解决问题。所以通过Michael Allen所说的话可以判断出，Michael Allen认为案例研究培养了学生解决问题的能力。故选C项。【7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，第一段以一部电影引出“ a re
34、search on how to farm on Mars”的话题，第二段说明了要在老师的帮助下，选择研究所需要种植的种子，第三段，第四段，第五段，第六段说明了这项火星种植作物所面对的有限的客观条件，第七段和第八段说明了这项研究的意义。所以判断出这篇短文的主要目的是描述一项关于如何在火星上种植作物的研究。故选A项。【点睛】根据文章中人物所说的话的内容是解决推理判断题的重要方法，因为通过所说的内容，我们可以判断出，作者所要想表达的观点是积极的还是消极的，是中立的还是支持或者否定某一方，对事情是关心的还是冷漠的。是在提出建议还是在提出具体的解决措施。由最后段“Im teaching about p
35、roblem solving.”可知，我在教解决问题。所以通过Michael Allen所说的话可以判断出，Michael Allen认为案例研究培养了学生解决问题的能力。故小题2选C项。CFour “Fun facts” that are complete lies, but you believe themNo.1 You can see the Great Wall of China from spaceThis seems right, doesnt it? The Great Wall of China is huge, after all, and you can see larg
36、e things from far away. But even from a low orbit, its pretty much invisible (看不见的) to the naked eye, and not exactly easy to pick out with an advanced camera lens. Strangely, this myth (谬论) existed before we even went into space, so it had the opportunity to become a “fact” before it could even be
37、checked. There are many other man-made objects visible from space, but because the Great Wall is made from rocks gathered in the surrounding area, it doesnt stand out against the landscape enough to be visible. How Stuff Works helpfully suggests that China could paint the wall in hot pink to fix the
38、 matter.No.2 Einstein failed at schoolEinstein, the modern archetypal genius (天才), failing at school is a “fact” which serves as an encouragement to under-performing schoolchildren and is repeated by motivational speakers wanting to make some point about failure and success. It would be fairly comfo
39、rting if true, but reality doesnt tend to care about how comfortable you are. There are versions of this myth focusing on maths, but in either case, its just not true. The myth seems to result from the fact that the grading system used in his school was changed the year after he leftfrom 1 being the
40、 highest mark to 6 being the highest. Einstein got 1s, but to anybody looking back at his grades, it would seem like that meant hed failed.No.3 _Many people claim that if you wake someone when theyre sleepwalking, the shock of finding themselves not in bed will lead them to suffer a heart attack or
41、otherwise do some serious damage. In actual fact, waking somebody who is sleepwalking does them no harm whatsoever. They might be a little confused. In fact, they could hurt themselves by continuing to sleepwalk freely, for obvious reasons. So, its better to guide a sleepwalker back to bed without w
42、aking, but if you do wake him, it wont do any harm.No.4 Sharks dont get cancerThis fact has gained acceptance despite having merely been invented as a reason for selling people shark cartilage pills as a cancer cure. Firstly, even if it was true that sharks didnt get cancer, that wouldnt mean that u
43、sing a part of it was a cure or treatment for cancer. There were some initial positive results, but they were also gained with other animal cartilages and didnt translate into a reliable treatment. In short, eating shark cartilage pills does nothing for cancer patients. And to pile more stupidity on
44、 top of it, sharks clearly do get cancer.8. Why are we unable to see the Great Wall directly in space?A. The colour of the rocks is not hot pink.B. Advanced cameras are not employed.C. Its too small to stand out from far away.D. The Great Wall is made from nearby rocks.9. What does the underlined se
45、ntence in No.2 mean?A. Failure is the mother of success.B. Reality has something to do with imagination.C. Success and failure should be both experienced.D. Assumption （设想） is one thing, but reality is another.10. Which of the following may be the subtitle of No.3?A. Sleepwalkers might be at a lossB
46、. Sleepwalkers might attack othersC. Waking sleepwalkers will harm themD. Waking sleepwalkers will shock them11. Who are more likely to benefit from the lie “Sharks dont get cancer”?A. Drug sellers.B. Health advisors.C. Cancer patients.D. Shark researchers.【答案】8. D 9. D 10. C 11. A【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。作者
47、向我们介绍了四个被普遍接受的谬论，并做了解释【8题详解】细节理解题。由第一段第五个句子“There are many other man-made objects visible from space, but because the Great Wall is made from rocks gathered in the surrounding area, it doesnt stand out against the landscape enough to be visible.”，（ 因为长城是用从它周围区域收集来的岩石修建而成的，所以在周围同色系地貌背景下，长城并不足够突出可以被在太
48、空中看到）可知，因为修建长城用的石头就是从附近就地取材，和周围颜色相近所以不够醒目突出。故选D项。【9题详解】推理判断题。划线句子的意思：如果是真的那还真是很抚慰人心，但是事实并不打算关心你有多舒服。使用了but 转折，并且下面“The myth seems to result from the fact that the grading system used in his school was changed the year after he leftfrom 1 being the highest mark to 6 being the highest. Einstein got 1s
49、, but to anybody looking back at his grades, it would seem like that meant hed failed.”说明，爱因斯坦上学时评价制度是一等是最高分，六等级最低分，爱因斯坦得到的都是一等，而在他毕业之后评价机制改革了，成为了一等级最低分，六等级最高。所以后人们按后来的等级评价制度回看爱因斯坦就认为他是不及格的差等生。D选项符合划线句子的意思。故选D项。【10题详解】主旨大意题。该题要求选出第三个副标题，应该能概括第三段段落大意，并且应该是一个谬论。第三段首句“Many people claim that if you wake
50、 someone when theyre sleepwalking, the shock of finding themselves not in bed will lead them to suffer a heart attack or otherwise do some serious damage.”表明很多人认为把梦游的人突然弄醒会让他惊吓出心脏病或其他伤害。第二三句“In actual fact, waking somebody who is sleepwalking does them no harm whatsoever. They might be a little conf
51、used.”其实真实的情况是，弄醒他不会造成危害，他醒后只是有些困惑而已。第四句“In fact, they could hurt themselves by continuing to sleepwalk freely, for obvious reasons.”实际上，任他们随便梦游不去喊醒倒有可能使他们自己伤害到自己。该题C 选项是一个谬论，符合题意。故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。由最后一段首句“This fact has gained acceptance despite having merely been invented as a reason for selling pe
52、ople shark cartilage pills as a cancer cure.”（ 虽然这个理论只是被发明编造出来作为卖给人们鲨鱼软骨丸的理由而已），可以推断出药品销售商可以因此谬论获益。故选A项。DThe other day, my sister and I were sitting in the restaurant, trying to have a conversation, but her children, four-year-old Willow and seven-year-old Luca, would not stop fighting. The argument
53、s-over a fork, or who had more water in a glass-never stopped.Then my sister reached into her handbag, produced two shiny iPads, and handed one to each child. Suddenly, the two were quite. They sat playing games and watching videos, and we continued with our conversation.After our meal as my sister
54、stuffed the iPads back into her bag, she said, “I dont want to give them the iPads at the dinner table, but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace, I often just hand them over. I am afraid that its bad for them. I do worry that it makes them think its OK to use electronics at
55、the dinner table in the future.”Dr. Gary Small, director of the Longevity Center at the University of California, Los Angeles says that the brain is highly sensitive to stimuli（刺激物），like iPads and smartphone screen, and if people spend too much time on one technology, and less time interacting（互动）wi
56、th people like parents at the dinner table, that could prevent the development of certain communication skills.“Conversations with each other are the way children learn to have conversations with themselves, and learn how to be alone,” said Sherry Turkle, a professor of science, technology and socie
57、ty at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. She fears that children who do not learn real interactions, which often have imperfections, will come to know a world where perfect, shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy（亲密）without risk. However, they need to be able to gather themselves
58、and know who they are. So someday they can form a relationship with another person without a panic of being alone. “If you dont teach your children to be alone, they will only know how to be lonely,” she said.12. What did Willow and Luca fight about?A. Little things.B. iPads.C. Delicious food.D. Int
59、eresting things.13. How did the authors sister feel about offering children iPads?A. She was critical of it.B. She was uncertain about it.C. She felt it was worth a try.D. She felt surprised at its effect.14. According to Dr. Small, what should parents do?A. Provide their children with various techn
60、ologies.B. Teach their children communication skills.C. Limit their childrens screen time.D. Talk to their children at the dinner table.15. What is Sherry Turkle worried?A. Children are afraid of taking risks.B. Children try to escape from the real world.C. Children cant deal with companion-less sit
61、uations.D. Children cant live without electronic devices.【答案】12. A 13. B 14. C 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。用iPad让孩子们安静下来似乎很有效，但是这样做究竟对吗?本文就这个议题进行讨论，指出孩子们不应该沉溺于电子设备，而应该在现实交往中学会与人交谈，学会与自己交谈，学会独处。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段The arguments-over a fork, or who had more water in a glass-never stopped(争论为了一把叉子，或者是谁的杯子里的水
62、多从未停止过)可以看出, Willow和Luca为一些小事争吵，故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段she said, “I dont want to give them the iPads at the dinner table, but if they keep them occupied for an hour so we can eat in peace, I often just hand them over. I am afraid that its bad for them. I do worry that it makes them think its OK to us
63、e electronics at the dinner table in the future.”(她说，“我不想在餐桌上给他们ipad，但如果他们让他们忙上一个小时，这样我们就能安静地吃饭，我通常会把它们交给他们。我担心这对他们有害。我确实担心这会让他们认为在未来的餐桌上使用电子产品是可以的。”)可知，她对此的态度是矛盾的，她并不确定自己的做法是不是正确，故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。 根据倒数第二段if people spend too much time on one technology, and less time interacting（互动）with people like
64、parents at the dinner table, that could prevent the development of certain communication skills (如果人们花太多时间在一种科技产品上，而与父母等人在餐桌上互动的时间更少，就会阻碍某些沟通技能的发展)可知，Dr. Gary Small认为，长时间使用电子设备有碍于孩子们一些沟通技能的发展，因此家长应该限制孩子使用这些设备的时间，故选C。【15题详解】推理判断题。 根据最后一段She fears that children who do not learn real interactions, whic
65、h often have imperfections, will come to know a world where perfect, shiny screens give them a false sense of intimacy（亲密）without risk(她担心，那些孩子没有学会真实的互动，这往往是个缺陷，他们终会认识到一个完美、闪亮的屏幕带给他们的，是一种没有风险的虚假的亲密感。)可知，Sherry Turkle认为孩子们习惯了电子设备的陪伴，沉浸在虚拟的世界里，会错误地认为随时随地有人陪伴, 而真正的人际交往并不如此，她从而担心这些孩子们由于没有在真实的交往中学会独处，他们也
66、就无法应付没有同伴的情况，故选C。第三部分：七选五 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Why do We Find It Hard to Say No？As we all know，saying no to others is not easy at allBut sometimes we have to learn to say no_16_Below are common reasons why people find it hard to say no_17_You are a kind soul
67、 at heartYou dont want to refuse the person and you want to help when possible even if it may eat into your timeAfraid of being rudeI was growing under the idea that saying no，especially to people who are older，is rudeThis thinking is common in Asian culture，where face saving is important_18_Wanting
68、 to be agreeableYou dont want to alienate（疏远）yourself from the group because youre not in agreementSo you agree to others requestsFear of conflict（冲突）_19_This might lead to an ugly conflictEven if there isnt there might be disagreement which might lead to bad effects in the future_20_Perhaps you are
69、 worried saying no means closing doorsFor example，my friend was asked to work in another department in her companySince she liked her team，she didnt want to goHowever，she didnt want to say no as she felt it would affect her promotion （晋升） chances in the futureA. Fear of losing chancesB. Wanting to h
70、elp othersC. Wanting to keep a good relationshipD. I slowly realized I needed to learn to say noE. It means not making others look bad or lose faceF. You are afraid the person might be angry if you refuse him/herG. To learn to say no， we have to first understand whats stopping us from it【答案】16. G 17
71、. B 18. E 19. F 20. A【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。主要介绍了人们很难说“不”的常见原因。【16题详解】根据上文As we all know, saying no to others is not easy at all. But sometimes we have to learn to say no.可知众所周知，对别人说不一点也不容易，但有时我们必须学会说不。下文介绍了一些很难说不的原因。G项Tolearntosay no, wehavetofirstunderstandwhatsstoppingusfromit.（要学会说“不”，我们首先要明白是什么阻止了我们）
72、承上启下，符合语境。故选G。【17题详解】根据后文Youareakindsoulatheart. Youdontwanttoturnthepersonawayandyouwanttohelpwhenpossible, evenifitmayeatintoyourtime.可知你内心是一个善良的人，你不想把这个人拒之门外，你想在可能的时候帮助他，即使他会消耗你的时间。B项：Wanting to help others想帮助别人概括本段内容，符合语境，故选B。【18题详解】根据上文This thinking is common in Asian culture, where face saving
73、 is important.可知这种想法在亚洲文化中很常见，在亚洲，面子很重要。E项：It means not making others look bad or lose face这意味着不要让别人看起来不好或者丢脸符合本段大意，符合语境。故选E。【19题详解】根据段落标题Fear of conflict（冲突）可知，本段主要讲害怕冲突。F项：You are afraid the person might be angry if you refuse him/her你担心如果你拒绝他/她，他/她可能会生气符合本段内容。故选F。【20题详解】根据后文Since she liked her te
74、am, she didnt want to go. However, she didnt want to say no as she felt it would affect her promotion（晋升）chances in the future.可知因为她喜欢她的团队，所以她不想去，但是她不想说不，因为她觉得这会影响她将来升职的机会。A项：Fear of losing chances害怕失去机会概括本段的内容，符合语境。故选A。第四部分：完型填空（共20小题：每小题1分，满分20分）A friend of mine met with an accident driving in dar
75、kness. His legs were so hurt that he couldnt move. What was the _21_ was that he found himself unable to ask for helphis mobile phone went out of _22_ as a result of exhausted (用尽的) battery. Nothing could be done but _23_ in cold wilderness. It was 8 hours later that day broke, and then the _24_ of
76、the rescue.It was almost _25_ that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long. Even more surprising was his _26_ ,“First of all I checked up my _27_ conditions and found myself not in deadly danger. As there was no _28_ to call for help, I leaned back in my seat trying my best to keep the
77、 wound from _29_. In this way I dozed (打盹) off.”His story put an end to my regret for the _30_ of an exploration adventure that happened last year. A group of young men _31_ to explore a mountain cave and got lost._32_ to find a way out in the dark cave, they were frightened and ran anxiously withou
78、t a sense of _33_. Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion. According to the _34_people that found them, the place where they got lost was only about 10 meters away from the _35_of the cave. If they stayed on the spot when they lost their way and tried to_36_themselves, they would probably sen
79、se a faint light flashing not far away.Dont you think that you can compare it with _37_ itself? When you meet with difficulties in life, you are lost in darkness._38_ you that its unclear yet and you neednt put up struggle _39_. It seems to be a negative (消极的) attitude,_40_ a person who can do so mu
80、st have foresight as well as a great courage in the first place.21. A. hopeless B. worstC. moreD. best22. A. service B. wayC. controlD. work23. A. cry B. lieC. waitD. sleep24. A. delayB. successC. teamD. arrival25. A. untrueB. unimaginableC. possibleD. useless26. A. planB. decisionC. explanationD. e
81、xcuse27. A. physicalB. mentalC. workingD. medical28. A. methodB. wayC. toolD. strength29. A. rottingB. spreadingC. bleedingD. running30. A. lossB. failureC. disappointmentD. sadness31. A. hadB. managedC. triedD. planned32. A. WillingB. UnableC. DeterminedD. Deciding33. A. hearingB. sightC. feelingD.
82、 direction34. A. rescueB. villageC. localD. brave35. A. endB. topC. openingD. side36. A. saveB. helpC. stopD. calm37. A. adventureB. workC. lifeD. mankind38. A. MindB. WatchC. ImagineD. Warn39. A. reallyB. immediatelyC. carefullyD. hopefully40. A. andB. soC. butD. while【答案】21. B 22. D 23. C 24. D 25
83、. B 26. C 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. B 31. C 32. B 33. D 34. A 35. C 36. D 37. C 38. A 39. B 40. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。主要讲述作者通过朋友在深夜受伤后冷静的处理方式得到感悟：人们在遇到危机或困境时应保持冷静，不要轻举妄动。【21题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：最糟糕的是他发现自己不能寻求帮助他的手机由于耗尽了电关机了。A. hopeless 没有希望的；B. worst 最糟糕的；C. more 更多的；D. best 最好的。根据上文“His legs were so hurt that
84、 he couldnt move.(他的腿受伤严重以至于不能动)”以及空格后讲述不能寻求帮助，可知，此处强调状况很糟糕，所以最糟糕的事情。故选B。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：最糟糕的是他发现自己不能寻求帮助他的手机由于耗尽了电关机了。A. service 服务；B. way 方法；C. control控制；D. work工作。根据空格后“as a result of exhausted (用尽的) battery.”可知，手机因为没电不能用了，out of work表示“不能工作”。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：除了等之外他什么都不能做。A. cry 哭；B. lie
85、撒谎；C. wait 等；D. sleep 睡觉。Nothing could be done but do sth.为固定搭配表示“除了别无选择”，根据下文“It was almost _5_ that he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long. (几乎无法想象他能在黑夜了如此长的时间忍受恐惧)”可知，作者的朋友在深夜受伤但是非常镇静，所以此处应填作者的朋友发现什么都不能做后耐心等待救援。故选C。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：8小时后天亮了，营救人员到了。A. delay推迟；B. success 成功；C. team
86、团队；D. arrival 到达。从下文是描述中可以看出朋友得救了，所以此处应是救援人员到达了。故选D。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：几乎无法想象他能在黑夜了如此长的时间忍受恐惧。A. untrue不真实的；B. unimaginable 难以想象的；C. possible可能的；D. useless 没有用的。从上文可知，作者的朋友在黑夜里等待了8个小时以及空格后“he could stand the horror in the darkness for so long”，所以作者认为这是难以想象的。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：更让人惊讶的是他的解释，“首先，我检
87、查了我的身体状况，发现我自己并没有致命的危险。因为没有办法呼救，我就尽量向后靠在椅子上阻止伤口流血。这样的话我还能打个盹。”A. plan计划；B. decision 决定；C. explanation解释；D. excuse 借口。根据后面引号里的内容，可知这是作者的朋友后来的解释。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：更让人惊讶的是他的解释，“首先，我检查了我的身体状况，发现我自己并没有致命的危险。因为没有办法呼救，我就尽量向后靠在椅子上阻止伤口流血。这样的话我还能打个盹。”A. physical 身体的；B. mental精神的；C. working工作的；D. medical
88、医疗的。根据上下文可知，作者的朋友检查自己的身体状况后发现没有致命的危险。故选A。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：更让人惊讶的是他的解释，“首先，我检查了我的身体状况，发现我自己并没有致命的危险。因为没有办法呼救，我就尽量向后靠在椅子上阻止伤口流血。这样的话我还能打个盹。”A. method 方法；B. way 方法；C. tool 工具；D. strength 力量。the way to do sth.表示“做什么事情的方法”，而method后不能跟to do sth.，根据空格后“to call for help”可知，此处应用way。故选B。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：更
89、让人惊讶的是他的解释，“首先，我检查了我的身体状况，发现我自己并没有致命的危险。因为没有办法呼救，我就尽量向后靠在椅子上阻止伤口流血。这样的话我还能打个盹。”A. rotting 腐烂；B. spreading 传播；C. bleeding 流血；D. running 跑，流动，运行。根据上文“His legs were so hurt that he couldnt move.(他的腿受伤很严重以至于不能动)”可知，作者的朋友在深夜里自救，阻止伤口流血。故选C。【30题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的故事结束了我对发生在去年的一次探险失败的遗憾。A. loss 损失；B. failure
90、失败；C. disappointment 失望；D. sadness 悲伤。根据下文中对于一群年轻人探险事件的描述以及“Finally they fell dead in fear and exhaustion.(他们最终死于恐惧和疲惫)”可知，这是一次失败的探险。故选B。【31题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一群年轻人努力尝试去探索一座山迷路了。A. had有，have to do sth.表示“不得不做某事”；B. managed 设法，manage to do sth.表示“设法完成某事”；C. tried尝试。try to do sth.表示“努力尝试做某事”；D. planned 计
91、划，plan to do sth.表示“计划做某事”。根据上文可知，探险没有成功，所以只能是努力尝试去探险。故选C。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在黑暗的洞穴里未能找到出口，他们很害怕，没有方向感，焦虑的乱跑。A. Willing 乐意的；B. Unable 未能；C. Determined 下定决心的；D. Deciding 决定的。根据空格后描述可知，他们未能找到出口。故选B。【33题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：在黑暗的洞穴里未能找到出口，他们很害怕，没有方向感，焦虑的乱跑。A. hearing听力；B. sight 视力；C. feeling 感觉；D. direction
92、方向。根据空格前“hey were frightened and ran anxiously”可知，他们是没有方向感的乱跑。故选D。【34题详解】考查名词和形容词词义辨析。句意：根据找到他们的救援人员说，他们迷路的地方离洞口只有10米远。A. rescue 救援；B. village 村庄；C. local 当地的；D. brave 勇敢的。根据空格后“people that found them”可知，这是救援人员。故选A。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：根据找到他们的救援人员说，他们迷路的地方离洞口只有10米远。A. end 结尾；B. top 顶端；C. opening 洞口，孔；
93、D. side 旁边。根据上文“_12_ to find a way out in the dark cave, they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of _13_.(在黑暗的洞穴里未能找到出口，他们很害怕，没有方向感，焦虑的乱跑)”可知，这里指出去的洞口。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：如果他们待在迷路的地方，尽量使自己平静下来，他们很可能会发现不远处有微弱的灯光。A. save 拯救；B. help 帮助；C. stop停止；D. calm 冷静。根据上文“_12_ to find a way out
94、in the dark cave, they were frightened and ran anxiously without a sense of _13_.(在黑暗的洞穴里未能找到出口，他们很害怕，没有方向感，焦虑的乱跑)”可知，因为这些年轻人不够冷静最终丧失了生命，所以作者再次强调冷静下来会发现微弱的光。故选D。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：难道你不认为你可以把它和人生相比一下吗？A. adventure 冒险；B. work 工作；C. life人生；D. mankind 人类。根据下文“When you meet with difficulties in life, you
95、 are lost in darkness.(当你在生活中遇到困难时，你就陷入了黑暗中)” 可知，此处是与人生作比较。故选C。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：提醒自己情况不明朗，不要立刻去战斗。A. Mind 提醒，当心；B. Watch 看，监视；C. Imagine 想象；D. Warn 警告。根据上下文可知，处于迷茫状态时，要提醒自己保持冷静。故选 A。【39题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：提醒自己情况不明朗，不要立刻去战斗。A. really 真正的；B. immediately 立刻；C. carefully 小心地；D. hopefully 充满希望地。根据上下文可知，作者强
96、调人们在处于危机或困境时要保持冷静，不要轻举妄动，所以不能立刻行动。故选B。【40题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：这种态度似乎是消极的，但是一个能做到这一点的人首先必须有远见，同时也要有巨大的勇气。A. and 并且；B. so 所以；C. but 但是；D. while 虽然，当时，然而（用于前后两种情况的对比）。根据空格处上下文，可知，上下句构成语义上的转折关系，因此使用but。故选C。第II卷（主观题）第一部分：语法填空（共10小题：每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Romancing the LibraryI have a spe
97、cial place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader, sometimes _41_ (read) up to three books a day as a child. Stories were _42_(prep.) air to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties, I lived out adventures through the books
98、I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old, _43_ was a dream job. I had so much enthusiasm, shelving books, reading to the children for story time, _44_ my friends and I would hang out there often, teaching children and doing homework.The lib
99、rary meant more to me as I grew older and had several children. It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library, _45_ my kids could pick out books to read or books they wanted me to read to them.I always read, using different voices, as if I were acting out the stories with my voice
100、and they loved it! It was a special time to bond with my children and keep them _46_ (fill) with the wonderment of books.Libraries offered story hour and Id take my children, and then my grandchildren there _47_ (listen) to writers read books. Now, I see my children taking their children to the libr
101、ary and I am happy that the excitement of going to the library _48_ (live) on from generation to generation.As an author of romance novels, Ive found a new relationship with libraries. I see libraries_49_ a safe haven (避风港) for readers and writers, a bridge that _50_ (help) to put together a reader
102、with a book.I could say my first love affair was with books, and I was constantly romancing the library.【答案】41. reading 42. like 43. which 44. that 45. where 46. filled 47. to listen 48. lives#has lived 49. as 50. helps【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文，作者讲述了自己和图书馆的感情。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：我小时候是一个热情的读者，有时一天读三本书。分析可知，空格处是非
103、谓语动词。read与I是主动关系，要用现在分词，故填reading。【42题详解】考查介词。句意：故事对于我来说就像空气，然而其他孩子去打球或参加聚会。根据句意和提示可知空格处填介词like，故填like。【43题详解】考查关系代词。句意：当我16岁时，我工作在Ukiah Library工作。这是一份理想的工作。分析可知空格处是非限制性定语从句，先行词指代My first job，在定语从句中作主语，故填which。【44题详解】考查连词。句意：我是如此的热心于整理图书，给孩子们读故事，以致于我和朋友们常常光顾图书馆，教小孩或者做作业。根据“sothat(如此以致于)”可知空格处填that。【
104、45题详解】考查关系副词。句意：对于我们来说去当地图书馆很重要。在那里，我的孩子们挑选书去读或者让我给他们读。分析可知空格处是非限制性定语从句，先行词指library，在定语从句中作地点状语，故填where。【46题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：这是和孩子们联系的一段特殊时间，使他们被书中的神奇东西所填满。空格处是宾补，fill与them构成被动关系，要用过去分词。故填filled。【47题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：图书馆提供听故事时间，我先是带着孩子们，然后是孙子们去听作家读故事。根据“take sb. to do sth (带某人去做某事）”可知，空格处填to listen。【48题详解】
105、考查动词。句意：现在我看着我的孩子们带着他们的孩子们去图书馆，我很高兴。这种去图书馆的兴奋代代相传。空格处是谓语动词，这是一种事实或者已经形成的家庭传统，因此可以用一般现在时或者现在完成时。故填lives/has lived。【49题详解】考查介词。句意：我把图书馆看作是作家和读者的避风港。根据“seeas (把当作)”可知，空格处填介词，故填as。【50题详解】考查动词。句意：这是一座将读者和书联系在一起的桥。空格处是定语从句的谓语动词，由于先行词是a bridge，本句用的是一般现在时，故填helps。第二部分：单词拼写（共10小题：每小题1分，共10分）根据首字母或中文提示写出单词的正确
106、形式，每空一词。51. It makes sense to eat a reasonably _(balance) diet when you go on a diet. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】balanced【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：当你节食时，吃一种合理的均衡的饮食是有意义的。分析可知空格处填形容词作定语，修饰名词diet。根据英语提示，故填balanced。52. Many tourists are _(吸引) to China Dinosaur Park in Changzhou every day. (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】attracted【解析】【详解】
107、考查动词，过去分词。句意：每天都有许多游客被吸引到常州的中国恐龙公园。根据汉语提示“吸引”，应使用attract；分析句子，tourists作主语，attract在句中作谓语，使用被动语态。结合空前are可知，该空应使用过去分词。故填attracted。53. In time, you will find yourself growing into a _ individual.(全面发展的) (根据汉语提示单词拼写)【答案】well-rounded【解析】【分析】本题考查单词拼写能力。【详解】考查形容词。句意：随着时间的推移，你会发现自己会成长为一个全面发展的人。根据所给出的句子并结合汉语提
108、示“全面发展的”可知，应是形容词“well-rounded”，句中作定语，修饰空后名词“individual”。故填well-rounded。54. He spent years _(acquire) his skills as a lawyer. (所给词的适当形式填空)【答案】acquiring【解析】【详解】考查动名词。句意：他花费了数年获得了作为律师的技能。根据spend time ( in ) doing sth .（花费时间做某事）可知空格处填动名词，故填acquiring。55. The book gives a fascinating insight into Mrs Blai
109、rs _(性格). (根据汉语意思单词拼写)【答案】character【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：这本书让我们对布莱尔夫人的性格有了深入的了解。根据空格前的名词所有格，可知空格处填名词作宾语，根据汉语提示填character。故填character。56. As a chief engineer, he has made great c_ to the companys success. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】contributions#ontributions【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：作为总工程师，他为公司的成功做出了巨大贡献。根据句意和首字母可知，空处填contribut
110、ions作宾语。make contributions to“ 对.做出贡献”。故填contributions。57. You can have the bathroom designed to meet your _ (个人的) needs. （根据中文提示单词拼写）【答案】individual【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：你可以设计满足您个人需求的浴室。根据句意和汉语意思，可知是形容词，修饰名词needs。故填individual。58. O_ lie in challenges. Only if you rise to challenges will you enjoy great p
111、ersonal growth. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】Opportunities【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：机遇在于挑战。只有勇于接受挑战，你才能享受到巨大的个人成长。根据单词首字母以及句意“机会”以及后文谓语动词lie in可知需要填名词做主语 ，根据宾语challenges和句意可知主语也需要名词复数。故填Opportunities。59. Thanks to the great medical a_ in China, we have set a good example in containing the pandemic(传染病）. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】adva
112、nces#dvances【解析】【详解】考查名词的复数。句意：中国医学取得巨大进步，为防控疫情树立了良好榜样。根据Thanks to the great medical a_ in China和常识可知，中国医学取得巨大进步，为防控疫情树立了良好榜样，因此空格处是“进步”，由首字母提示a可知，是advance，前面无冠词，因此空格处用复数泛指，故填advances。60. To fully realize your potential , it is important for you to make the most of our school r_. (根据首字母单词拼写)【答案】reso
113、urces#esources【解析】【详解】考查名词。句意：为了实现你的潜力，对你来说重要的是要充分利用我们学校的资源。分析可知空格处是名词，根据句意和首字母，填名词复数resources，指各种资源。故填resources。第三部分 根据必修一第一单元文章内容，在空格处填入确切内容。（每空1分，共10分）61. _ _(简而言之)， potential is your natural ability that can be developed when you try hard enough. 【答案】 . Put . simply【解析】【详解】考查固定短语。句意：简而言之，潜力是当你足够
114、努力时可以被开发的天生的能力。空处表示“简而言之”，使用固定短语put simply，注意句首单词的首字母大写，故填Put simply。62. The possibilities are endless, and I have _ _ your ability to _ a _ to your family, to your community and to our country. (根据句意填空)【答案】 . confidence . in . make . difference【解析】【详解】考查短语和动词不定式。句意：可能性是无穷无尽的，我相信你有能力为你的家庭、你的社区和我们的祖国
115、做出改变。have confidence in.对.有信心，make a difference to.对.有影响。故填confidence、in、make和difference。63. _ equal importance _ good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude. (根据句意填空)【答案】 . Of . are【解析】【详解】考查介词短语、一般现在时和主谓一致。句意：同样重要的是良好的学习习惯，有用的技能和积极的态度。此处讲述客观事实，应用一般现在时。介词短语be of importance意为“重要的”，本句为完全
116、倒装句，介词短语置于句首，起强调作用，所以第一处应填Of。主语为“good study habits, useful skills and a positive attitude ”，第二处应用are。故填Of和are。64. Join a club or two, _ take an active part in different sports. (根据句意填空)【答案】and【解析】【详解】考查连词。句意：你参加一两个俱乐部，积极参加不同的运动。根据空格处前后都是完整的祈使句，需要连词衔接两个句子，两个句子存在顺接关系，故填and。65. As a senior high school
117、student, you must make efforts to improve your communication and _skills. (根据句意填空)【答案】problem-solving【解析】【详解】考查形容词。句意：作为一名高中生，你必须努力提高你的沟通和解决问题的能力。根据常识和you must make efforts to improve your communication and _skills可知，作为一名高中生，你必须努力提高你的沟通和解决问题的能力，因此空格处是“解决问题的”，用形容词作定语，修饰名词skills，“解决问题的”是形容词problem-sol
118、ving，故填problem-solving。第四部分：书面表达（满分15分）66. 假定你是新华中学高二学生李华，你的表弟小明刚上高中，给你来信，表示对高中生活很茫然，并且跟父母关系也很紧张，无法适应新的阶段。请你给他写一封回信，提出相关建议。内容包括:1. 初高中学习的不同点（1-2点）；2. 与父母相处的方法（1-2点）；3. 表达祝愿。注意:1. 字数120词左右 :2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。Dear Xiao Ming,I am sorry to hear that _YoursLi Hua【答案】Dear Xiao Ming,I feel sorry to hear th
119、at you cant fit into the new environment. I think you are not alone and here are some suggestions for reference.First you should bear in mind that in senior high school, independent study counts and you should form good study habits, such as taking notes in class, reviewing lessons in time. Moreover
120、, its completely normal to feel under great pressure, which you think your parents cant understand. The best way to solve it is healthy and regular communication with them, which helps to contribute to a good relationship. Last but not least, its better to keep a positive mind.Hope these suggestions
121、 are helpful and you will adapt to the new stage as soon as possible.Best wishes.YoursLi Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给表弟写一封信，对于他不适应高中的新生活提出建议。【详解】词汇积累建议：suggestion tip解决：solvehandle有益的：helpfulbeneficial记住： bear in mind keep in mind句式拓展简单句变复合句原句：Hope these suggestions are helpful and you will adapt to
122、 the new stage as soon as possible.拓展句：Hope these suggestions that I gave you are helpful and you will adapt to the new stage as soon as possible.【点睛】高分句型1 Moreover, its completely normal to feel under great pressure, which you think your parents cant understand. （运用了which引导的非限定性定语从句）高分句型2 First, you should bear in mind that in senior high school, independent study counts and you should form good study habits, such as taking notes in class, reviewing lessons in time.（运用了that引导的宾语从句）