1、 Unit 4Body language晨背分钟 填词并背记A Misunderstanding In general, spoken statements are the major way of communication, but body language and facial expressions also have such kinds of function. For example, yawning means being not interested and turning ones back to someone or swinging your fist shows y
2、our anger. But what those gestures really mean is subjective in different cultures. Thus, misunderstandings happen now and then in todays world of cultural crossroads.Once, representing the Adults Education Association, I went to the airport to meet an official of high rank from Columbia and take hi
3、m to his dormitory and then to the canteen. After the flight arrived, I saw a man looking around curiously. So I approached to greet him. He suddenly dashed to hug me and kissed me on both cheeks. As a young girl, I felt truly embarrassed and put up my hands to defend myself. His false smile told me
4、 that he had lost face.Later, I received a cassette from him, in which he recorded his apology. On hearing that Columbians were more likely to kiss others, I soon felt at ease.一场误会通常说来，口头表达是人们交流的主要方法，但是肢体语言和面部表情也有这种功能。例如，打哈欠意味着不感兴趣，背对别人或向其挥舞拳头表达的是愤怒。但是在不同的文化中那些手势表达的真正意思是很主观的。由此，误会就时不时地发生在今天这个文化交叉碰撞的
5、世界里。有一回，我代表成人教育协会到机场去接一位从哥伦比亚来的高级官员，我要带他到宿舍和食堂。当他的航班到达时，我看见一名男子好奇地东张西望，于是走上前去和他打招呼。他突然猛冲过来拥抱我，还亲了我的脸颊。还是个年轻姑娘的我感到真尴尬，不由自主举起手来保护自己。他的假笑告诉我他感到丢了面子。后来，我收到他送来的一盒磁带，里面录了他的道歉。当听到这只是因为哥伦比亚人更倾向于见面时互相亲吻时，我很快就感到轻松了。1statement (n.) 陈述；说明state (vt.) 声明；陈述(n.) 状态；州；国家2greet (vt.) 迎接；问候greeting (n.) 迎接；问候；招呼3asso
6、ciation (n.) 社团；联系；联想associate (vt.) 把联系起来4major (adj.) 主要的majority (n.) 大多数；大部分5misunderstand (vt.) 误解；误会misunderstood (过去式/过去分词)misunderstanding (n.) 误解；误会6simply (adv.) 简单地；只simple (adj.) 简单的；朴素的simplify (vt.) 简化7spoken (adj.) 口语的unspoken (adj.) 未说出口的；心照不宣的8facial (adj.) 面部的face (n.) 脸；面部9truly (
7、adv.) 真实地；真诚地；真正地true (adj.) 真实的truth (n.) 事实；真理10anger (n.) 怒气；怒火angry (adj.) 生气的angrily (adv.) 愤怒地；生气地11subjective (adj.) 主观的objective (反义词) (adj.) 客观的subject (n.) 学科；主题12defend . against 保卫以免受13on the contrary 相反14as if 好像15as well as 和一样好；而且；也；和重点知识分钟represent vt. 代表；象征；展示；描绘；正式提出(P26)单句语法填空To b
8、e an athlete, her greatest ambition is (represent) her country at the Olympics.They represented their concerns the authorities.The tiger is a (represent) of the cat family.She represents her mother the kindest mother in the world.答案：to representtorepresentativeas(1)represent sb./sth. 代表某人/某物represen
9、t sb./sth. as . 把某人/某物描绘成represent sth. to sb. 向某人正式提出某事(2)representative n. 代表adj. 典型的；有代表性的be representative ofon behalf of 代表curiously adv. 好奇地(P26)(1)单句语法填空Besides, the life of American high school students is a good choice because Chinese students are curious the school life of American student
10、s.People gathered round, curious (know) what was happening.They help us understand science subjects better and arouse our (curious) about scientific discoveries.答案：aboutto knowcuriosity(2)单句写作句式升级他对澳大利亚的城市很好奇，所以他读了约翰逊先生写的这本书。a普通表达：He Australian cities, so he read the book written by Dr Johnson.b高级表达
11、： ， he read the book written by Dr Johnson. (把a句升级为形容词短语作状语)答案：a.was curious aboutbCurious about Australian cities(1)curious adj. 好奇的be curious about 对感到好奇be curious to do sth. 渴望做某事(2)curiosity n. 好奇心；珍品with curiosity 好奇地out of curiosity 出于好奇approach vt.& vi. 接近；靠近；走近n. 接近；方法；途径(P26)(1)单句语法填空The jo
12、b market has changed and our approach to (find) work must change as well. (approach) the city centre, we saw a stone statue of about 10 metres in height.All the (approach) to the airport were blocked by the police yesterday.答案：findingApproachingapproaches(2)一句多译随着教师节的临近，我们班决定举行一场晚会来庆祝这个重要的节日。 ， our
13、class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day. ， our class decided to hold a party to celebrate the important day.答案：As Teachers Day was approachingWith Teachers Day approaching(1)the approach of . 的来临/临近an approach to (doing) sth. 做某事的方法(2)approach sth./sb. 接近/靠近某物/某人名师点津(1)approach表
14、示“接近；靠近”时，为不可数名词；表示“处理、对待的方法、途径”时，为可数名词，其后常与介词to搭配。(2)表示“(做)事情的方法”的搭配有：the approach to (doing) sth.the way to do/of (doing) sth.the means of (doing) sth.the method of/for (doing) sth.(3)注意以下不同的介词搭配：with this method/in this way/by this meansdefence n. 防御；保卫(P26)(1)单句语法填空Parents, of course, will do ev
15、erything they can to defend their children harm.He made a long speech (defend) his views from objections.答案：from/againstto defend(2)单句写作我只能以别无选择来为自己的行为辩解。All I can say, my actions, is that I had no choice but to do so.答案：in defence of(1)in defence of 为了保卫(2)defend vt. 辩护；防卫defend . from/against . 保护
16、免受defend oneself 为自己辩护；自卫(3)defensive adj. 防御性的；有戒心的be likely to 很可能；有希望(P26)(1)单句语法填空A great decline in young work force is likely (occur) in China, for instance.Students should listen more to their classmates, thus they will help and learn from each other, and a friendship is likely (form).A perso
17、n who avoids exercising is (likely) to have illnesses than one who exercises regularly.答案：to occurto be formedmore likely(2)同义句转换If you grow up in a large family, you the ability to get on well with others.If you grow up in a large family, you develop the ability to get on well with others.Its proba
18、ble that they will come back next week. they will come back next week.Its possible next week.They next week.答案：are more likely to develop; it is more likely thatIts likely/possible that; for them to come back; are likely to come back(1)sb./sth. be likely to doIt is likely that sb./sth. . (某人/某事物)可能N
19、ot likely！不可能/才不呢！(2)unlikely adj. 不太可能的(3)likely, possible, probable三者都是形容词，意思很接近，可互相转换。但结构上不同，须注意。It is possible for sb. to do sth.某人有可能做某事It is probable/likely/possible that . 很可能另外，三者中只有likely可以用人/事物作主语。此外，possible还用于固定结构中，如as . as possible, if possible等。in general 总的来说；通常(P26)单句语法填空 general, wo
20、men can expect to live six or seven years more than men. (general) speaking, parents care more about their childrens health than about their own. a general rule, the more expensive the computer is, the better it is.答案：InGenerallyAs(1)general knowledge 常识as a general rule一般而言；通常(2)generally adv. 一般地；
21、通常地generally speakingto be general通常来说；总的来说(在句中作插入语)at ease 舒适；快活；自由自在(P30)单句语法填空He didnt feel completely ease in the strange surroundings.He passed the exam ease.答案：atwith(1)feel/look at ease 感到/看上去心情放松put sb. at ease 使某人放松(2)with ease 轻易地；毫不费力地(3)easy adj. 容易的；安逸的lose face 丢脸；失面子(P30)单句写作你最好全力以赴去实
22、现它，否则你会颜面尽失的。Youd better make great efforts to achieve it, otherwise you will .弗兰克为了保全面子，没有承认失败，而是做了个鬼脸。Rather than admit failure, Frank in order to .面对困难时，我们从不放弃而是努力寻找出路。 ， we never give up but try our best to find a way out.我从来没有和她见过面。我们只在电话中交谈过。Ive never met her . Weve only talked on the phone.在面
23、对困难时，我们不应该泄气。We should not lose heart .答案：lose facemade a face; save his faceFaced with difficultiesface to facein the face of difficultiesThe first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.(P26)单句写作在1931年，亚当斯成为美国第一位获得诺贝尔和平奖的女士。In 1931, Addams beca
24、me the first American woman the Nobel Peace Prize.表达思想的能力和思想本身一样重要。The ability an idea is as important as the idea itself.李先生买了一套舒适的公寓居住。Mr Li bought a comfortable flat .答案：to winto expressto live in本句中的to arrive是不定式作后置定语。(1)当中心词是序数词或被序数词、形容词最高级，the next, the only, the last等限定时，常用不定式作后置定语。(2)(3)作定语的
25、不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工具，不定式后面须加相应的介词。She stepped back appearing surprised and put up her hands, as if in defence. (P26)单句语法填空Not (know) his telephone number, I couldnt get in touch with him. (judge) from his appearance, he seems to be rich.The snow lasted a week, (result) in a serious
26、 traffic jam in the whole area.答案：knowingJudgingresulting(1)本句中的appearing surprised是现在分词短语作伴随状语。(2)动词ing形式在句中作状语，修饰谓语动词或整个句子，表示动作发生的时间、原因、条件、结果、让步或伴随情况等。课文语法填空分钟Yesterday, another student and I, 1 (represent) our universitys student association, went to the Capital International Airport to meet this
27、 years international students to Beijing University. 2 half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive, I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around 3 (curious).The first 4 (arrive) was Tony Garcia from Colombia, closely followed by Julia from Britain. Tony approached Julia, t
28、ouched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek! She stepped back as if in 5 (defend). I guessed there was probably a major 6 (understand). With more students arriving, I saw more different ways to greet each other. 7 I get to know more international friends, I learn that people communicate with spo
29、ken language and they also express their feelings 8 (use) unspoken “language”. 9 general, studying international customs can certainly help avoid difficulties in todays world of 10 (culture) crossroads.1 2. 3. 4. 5. 6 7. 8. 9. 10. 答案：1.representing2.After3.curiously4.to arrive5.defence6.misunderstan
30、ding7.As8.using9.In10.culturalsaw several young people enter和with more students arriving为see和with的复合结构，即“see/with宾语宾补”，其中的宾补可以是形容词、副词、介词短语或非谓语动词(根据和宾语的关系去判断用非谓语动词的哪种形式)。kissed her on the cheek为“动词sb.介词the身体部位”结构。如pat sb. on the head “轻拍某人的头部”，hit sb. in the stomach “击中某人的腹部”，follow the cow by the no
31、se “牵着牛鼻子”等。get to do sth. 意为“逐渐”，如get to know “逐渐了解”，get to realize “逐渐意识到”。avoid意为“避免”，其后如果跟动词，要用动名词形式。随堂检测分钟.单句语法填空 1 (misunderstand) by others when you do nothing wrong at all is quite a bad experience.答案：Being misunderstood2The earlier you get rid of smoking, the (likely) you are to protect you
32、rself against serious illnesses in later life.答案：more likely3Facing up to your problems rather than running away from them is the best approach to (work) things out.答案：working4You could see whether he wants to chat or not from his (face) expression and body language.答案：facial5On National Day, Tianan
33、men Square looks even more beautiful all lights on.答案：with6Simon has lived in Spain for more than 10 years, but (curious) enough, he cant speak a word of Spanish.答案：curiously7With only a few people (greet) her, the old lady felt much left out at the party.答案：greeting8There is no greater pleasure tha
34、n lying on my back in the middle of the grassland (stare) at the night sky.答案：staring9The exhibition was organized by the school in (associate) with local artists.答案：association10It is impossible to defend an all out attack.答案：against.教材微写作A根据提示完成句子1肢体语言是人们之间交流的一种方法。(communication) 答案：Body language
35、is a way of communication between people.2有着不同文化背景的人们对彼此的手势很有可能产生误会。(misunderstand; gesture) 答案：People from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use.3我们向某人点头时表示我们同意他的观点。(nod at sb.) 答案：When we nod at somebody, that means we agree with his opinion.4在有些国家点头表示的是反对。(disagreement) 答案：In
36、 some countries nodding ones head means disagreement.5我们通常认为交谈时正视别人表示我们在认真倾听；在有些地区这种做法是不礼貌的。(look straight at somebody) 答案：We generally think looking straight at somebody shows that we are listening to him attentively, while in some districts, it is rude.6如果你身在国外，了解当地的肢体语言是非常重要的。(it is important for
37、 sb.to do sth.) 答案：It is very important for you to have a good understanding of the body language there if you are in a foreign country.B将以上句子连成一篇逻辑严密的短文，注意书写规范答案：Body language is a way of communication. However, people from different cultures may misunderstand the gestures they use. For example, wh
38、en we nod at somebody, that means we agree with his opinion. But in some countries nodding ones head means disagreement. We generally think looking straight at somebody shows that we are listening to him attentively, while in some districts, it is rude. Therefore it is very important for you to have
39、 a good understanding of the body language there if you are in a foreign country.单元拓能训练单元话题写作应用文假定你是光明中学学生会主席李华，上周你校邀请Smith教授来校做了一场各国身势语的专题讲座。请你代表学校全体师生，用英语给他写一封感谢信。内容包括：1表达感谢；2通过讲座，师生了解了常用的肢体语言及其含义。注意：1.词数100左右；2可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。 精彩范文Dear Professor Smith，My name is Li Hua. Representing our school, I
40、m writing to convey our sincere appreciation to you for the lecture concerning body language you gave us last week.Through your lecture, we have learned that body language is one of the most effective methods of expressing our feelings when it comes to communication. For example, smiling is the most
41、 universal expression of happiness. Looking away from a person means showing no interest in the person or what he or she says. However, not all cultures greet people in the same way.I do believe the knowledge will be very beneficial when we communicate with people from other countries. Thank you again for your wonderful lecture.Yours，Li Hua