1、Unit 2Growing pains1_ n.（戏剧的）一幕_ vt.行动_ n.行动，行为_ adj.积极的，活跃的_ adv.活跃地_ n.活动2_ adj.受惊的，害怕的_ vt.使惊骇，惊恐_ adj.令人害怕的3_ vi.挨饿，饿死vt.使挨饿_ n.挨饿4_ vt.容忍；允许_adj.容忍的，宽容的_ n.容忍；忍受5_ vt.辩解，辩白；防御，保护_ n.辩解，辩白6_ vt.&vi.解释，说明_ n.解释，说明7_ adj.粗鲁的，无礼的_ n.粗鲁，无礼8_ n.指导，引导_ vt.指导，引导9_ n.争吵，辩论；论点，论据_ vi.争论10_ n.自由_ vt.解放，使自
2、由_ adj.自由的，无拘无束的11_ adj.担心的，担忧的_ vt.使担忧，使忧虑_ adj.令人担忧的12_ vt.& n.伤害_ adj.有害的_ adj.无害的13_ adj.愚蠢的_ vt.& n.愚弄；傻瓜14_ n.耐心_ adj.有耐心的_ adv.有耐心地_ adj.不耐烦的15_ adj.自私的_ n.自己，自身_ adj.无私的16_ n.& adj.正常（的），一般（的）_ adv.正常地，一般地_ adj.不正常的17_ adj.具有挑战性的_ n.&vt.挑战1The heavy rain beat so hard against the windows as i
3、f someone were hitting them，and I was very much f_.2Mr Obama must make it clear that he will not t_ attempts to paralyze（使停滞）his medical care reform.3Changes to the regular daily schedule can cause your child to feel u_ and sad.4They need more troops to d_ the border against possible attacks.5The pa
4、tient d_ to be informed about the possible sideeffects of the drug in advance.6Hed better have a good _（解释）for his behaviour.7William started off on the wrong foot by having an _（争辩）with the manager on his first day at work.8I am not _（担心的）about your health but your marriage.9He owes his success to
5、hard work and _（耐心）.10You are supposed to realize that your fears and anxieties are a _（正常的）part of the process.1_ up 把声音调大；出现2_ sb.to do sth.强迫某人做某事3cant _ to do sth.迫不及待地要做某事4look _ 打量四周5be _ to do应该，应当做6_ at 对某人大喊7go _（灯）熄灭8not._ 不再，再也不9_ of 代替，而不是10be _ on 对苛刻，对严厉11_ that 既然；由于12feel _ 感到不安13kee
6、p.in _ 记住14grow _ sth.因长大而不再喜欢某事物或不再做某事15go to _ 入睡16be _ of 为感到骄傲17_ up 熬夜18_ all 毕竟19as _ 至于，关于20_ up with 赶上21get _ with 与某人相处，进展22go _ 经历23out of _ 未被控制住，失控24_ on 依赖25turn _ 结果是，证明是1Eric runs in after it，followed by a big dog，walking very slowly.埃里克跟在后面跑了进来，后面跟着条大狗，这狗走得很慢。句型提炼：followed by.过去分词短语
7、作伴随状语。2The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.屋里一团糟，有比萨盒子在地板上，洗碗池里堆满了脏碟子。句型提炼：with名词/代词形容词/副词/介词短语/不定式/分词，在句中可作定语或状语。3Listen to me，young manwe left you in charge!年轻人，听我说，我们走的时候是把家交给你管了！句型提炼：leave sth./sb.形容词/副词/介词短语/不定式/分词，表示“使处于某种状态”。形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式或分词在句中作宾
8、语补足语。4At present，to prevent upsetting his mother with an argument，I am allowing him his freedom.目前，为了避免争吵而引起他的妈妈不安，我放纵他的自由。句型提炼：to prevent.不定式作目的状语。prevent doing sth.阻止做某事。allow sb.sth.允许某人某事。5However，I am worried that if I keep allowing him to do what he wants，he may fail at school，or worse.可是，我担心如
9、果我继续让他为所欲为的话，那他将学无所成，甚至更糟。句型提炼：I am worried that if I keep.这里that引导的宾语从句里含有if引导的条件状语从句，that不可省略。keep doing.一直做。allow sb.to do sth.允许某人做某事。1insist vt.&vi.坚持，主张；坚持说，坚持认为1表示“坚持”“主张”等，可作及物动词或不及物动词。用作及物动词时，其后通常只接 that 从句作宾语，而不能接名词或代词作宾语，也不能接不定式或动名词作宾语。但是若其后接有介词 on 或 upon，则可后接名词、代词或动名词。2其后可接 that从句，但要根据意思
10、的不同而分清两种情况：（1）表示“坚持要” “一定要”，从句所指的一般是尚未实现的事实，此时谓语通常用虚拟语气（即should动词原形）。（2）表示“坚持说” “坚持认为”，从句所指的通常是已经发生的事或已存在的状态，谓语一般用陈述语气，引导词 that 可省略。She insisted on paying for her food.She insisted that she（should）pay for her food.她坚持要付她自己的那一份饭钱。The detective insisted that he should have a look.警探坚持要查看。John insisted
11、 that he heard somebody in the house.约翰坚持说他听到房子里有人。He insisted that he was not ill，but the doctor insisted that he should take the medicine.他坚持说他没有病，但医生却坚持要他服药。反馈1.1Our teacher insisted that the key words worth paying attention _ before class.Abe underlinedBbeing underlinedCto be underlinedDto being
12、 underlined反馈1.2The man insisted _ a taxi for me even though I told him I lived nearby.AfindBto findCon finding Din finding反馈1.3He insisted that he _ right，and so he insisted that his plan _ carried out at once.Awas；be Bbe；would beCwas；was Dbe；should be2leave vt.离开（某处）；遗弃，离弃；遗忘；丢下；听任，使处于某种状态；留给；把交给；
13、委托The train will leave at six tomorrow morning.火车明早六点出发。What he said left a deep impression on my mind.他讲的话给我留下了深刻印象。Leave her in peace.不要打扰她。I cant leave such an important matter undone/unfinished.我不能让这样一件重要的事半途而废。The moving story left him unmoved.他对这个令人感动的故事竟然无动于衷。This matter left her without a wa
14、y of hope.这件事使她没有一丝一毫的希望。Ill leave him in charge of the matter.我要把这件事交给他负责。Leave him to do it himself.让他自己做这件事吧。注意：left “剩下的”，一般作后置定语；remaining 也可表示“剩余的”，它只能作前置定语。反馈2.1What has made him upset recently?_ alone to face a troublesome milk case.ALeft BBeing leftCHaving left DTo leave反馈2.2 SARS is an ill
15、ness that can result in death unless _ in time.Ato treat BtreatingCtreated Dtreat反馈2.3The lady said she would buy a gift for her daughter with the _.A20 dollars remainedB20 dollars to remainCremained 20 dollarsDremaining 20 dollars3harm vt.& n.伤害do harm to sb.do sb.harm 伤害某人come to harm（身体上或精神上）受到伤害
16、形容词harmfulbe harmful to.对有害Getting up early wont harm you.早起对你没有害处。It wouldnt do her any harm to work a bit harder.工作加点劲对她没有坏处。易混辨析 wound，injure，hurt，harm，damage，destroy，ruin1）wound指用枪弹或刀剑等锐器故意施加的伤害。在事故或天灾中受伤用injure或hurt。wound与injure在肉体受伤的程度上往往比hurt严重。2）hurt除指肉体的伤害外，也可指感情上的伤害，如hurt ones feeling，hurt
17、 ones pride。hurt的过去分词作表语时有“苦恼的，伤心的”的含义。作不及物动词时，有“疼痛”的含义。3）injured和wounded可作表语，也可作定语，而hurt的过去分词只能作表语不能作定语。4）harm和damage均指伤害或损害某人或某物。harm主要用于有生命的东西，偶尔也用于无生命的事物，常指伤及健康、权利、实业等。5）damage主要指对价值和功能的损坏，虽然也可用于有生命的东西，但是多用于无生命的东西。6）destroy “毁坏”“消灭”，指通过某种有力的或粗暴的手段使之毁灭或无用。7）ruin “毁掉，弄糟”，强调毁坏的彻底性。He was seriously
18、injured/hurt in a traffic accident.他在一次交通事故中严重受伤。My feelings were hurt when he didnt invite me to the party.他没邀请我去参加晚会伤害了我的感情。Doctors say smoking harms our health.医生说抽烟有害健康。The strong wind damaged several houses.大风摧毁了几栋房屋。Dont destroy that box；it may be useful.别把那只箱子弄坏了，它或许还有用。反馈3.1Why，she is absent
19、 again!She was _ badly in an accident.Ainjured BharmCshocked Dbeaten反馈3.2Years of fighting have left the village in _.Adestroy BdamageCruins Druin反馈3.3The news meant the _ of all our hopes.Adamage BharmCruin Dhurt反馈3.4用wound，injure，hurt，harm，damage，destroy的适当形式填空：1）They asked him to pay for the _ bu
20、t he refused.2）Before they fled the country，the enemy attempted to _ all the factories.3）Johnny，you mustnt play with the knife；you may _ yourself.4）The soldier received a serious _ on the chest.5）He _ his left hand in a fire.6）Harm watch，_ catch.4normal n. & adj.正常（的），一般（的）The collapse of the strike
21、 enabled bus services to be back to normal.罢工的失败使公共汽车营运恢复了正常。She braced herself to lead a normal life.她振作起来去过正常的生活。易混辨析 common，ordinary，general，normal，usual的区别common强调“常见的，不足为奇的，共同的，公共的，公有的，普通的，庸俗的”。ordinary（与众多同类的东西相比）强调“平常的，平淡无奇的”。general意为“普遍的，一般的，普通的，综合的，概括的，全面的，大体的，大致的”。normal指“正常的，正规的，常态的，一般的”
22、。usual 指“平常的；通常的，惯常的”。Snow is common in cold countries.在寒冷的国家雪是常见的。These are all stories about ordinary people.这些都是些普通人的故事。This book is intended for the general readers，not for the specialists.这本书是为一般读者写的，不是为专家写的。Twelve oclock is the usual time to have lunch.十二点通常是吃饭的时间。反馈4.1When I took his temperat
23、ure，it was two degrees above _.Ausual BordinaryCregular Dnormal反馈4.2In todays world，youngsters always have much _，_ they come from.Ain general；whereverBin common；whereverCin general；whereD in common；where反馈4.3To be frank，I really dont know what they have in _，because theyre so different in character
24、.Acommon BordinaryCusual Dregular5turn up 将声音调大；出现，露面He promised to come but hasnt turned up yet.他答应来的，可是到现在都没出现。I cant hear the radio very well.Could you turn it up a bit?我听不清楚收音机。你能把音量调大点吗？用法拓展含有turn的短语turn against背叛 turn round转过身turn away 不理睬，撵走 turn in 上交turn over 翻开 turn against 背叛turn back 返回，
25、翻回到 turn down 拒绝，把音量开小一点turn on 打开 turn off 关掉turn into 把变为 by turns 轮流take turns轮流 turn out结果是，原来是turn to 转向，求助于反馈5.1It has been raining every day so far.I hope tomorrow will _ fine.Aturn to Bturn upCturn into Dturn out反馈5.2 Shes having a lot of trouble with the new computer，but she doesnt know who
26、m to_.Aturn to Blook forCdeal with Dtalk about反馈5.3For all these years I have been working for others.Im hoping Ill_my own business someday.Aturn up Bfix upCset up Dmake up6go out出去；熄灭John may phone tonight.I dont want to go out in case he phones.今晚约翰可能会打电话，我不想出去以防他打电话过来。Nobody noticed the thief sli
27、p into the room because the lights happened to go out at the moment.没有人注意到小偷溜进了这间房子，因为灯在那时正好灭了。用法拓展go after 追赶；想得到go ahead请便；往前走，前进go down下降，下沉go away走开go by时间流逝go off爆炸go into 进入go in for爱好；参加go too far过分go up上升go over审查；复习go without没有勉强凑合go through经历，遭受，完成go wrong出毛病go smooth进展顺利反馈6.1I wonder if I
28、 could possibly use your computer for tonight?_.Im not using it anyhow.ASure，go aheadBI dont knowCYes，indeedDI dont care反馈6.2Didnt you enjoy yourself at the party?Of course I did.As a matter of fact，I had such fun that time seemed to _ so quickly.Ago by Bgo awayCgo out Dgo over反馈6.3Would you like to
29、 _ this form for me to see if Ive filled it in right?Atake off Blook afterCgive up Dgo over反馈6.4 They dont_ rock n roll.Its too noisy.Ago after Bgo awayCgo into Dgo in for7as if 似乎，好像1as if 从句的作用1）在look，seem 等系动词后引导表语从句。2）引导方式状语从句。2as if 还可用于省略句中，如果as if 引导的从句主语与主句主语一致且是“主语系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，这样as if 后
30、就只剩下名词、不定式、形容词（短语）、介词短语或分词。3as if 从句的语气及时态1）as if 从句用陈述语气的情况。当说话者认为句子所述的是真实的或极有可能发生或存在的事实时。2）as if 从句用虚拟语气的情况。当说话人认为句子所述的是不真实的或极少有可能发生或存在的情况时。从句虚拟语气动词时态的形式如下：（1）如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。（2）从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。（3）从句表示与将来事实相反，谓语动词用“would/could/might动词原形”。She looks as if she were ten years young
31、er.她看起来好像年轻了十岁。She loves the boy as if she were his mother.她爱这男孩，就好像她是他的母亲一样。Tom raised his hands as if（he was going）to say something.汤姆举起手好像要说什么。He talks about Rome as if he had been there before.他说起罗马来好像他以前去过罗马似的。He opened his mouth as if he would say something.他张开嘴好像要说什么。反馈7.1When a pencil is par
32、tly in a glass of water，it looks as if it _.Abreaks Bhas brokenCwere broken Dhad been broken反馈7.2He is talking so much about America as if he _ there.Ahad been Bhas beenCwas Dbeen反馈7.3The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if _ whether he was going in the right direction.AseeingBhaving s
33、eenCto have seenDto see反馈7.4Though the girl had been suffering from the blood disease，she acted as if nothing _ to her while facing her friends and relatives.Ahappened Bwould happenCwas happenedDhad happened8Eric runs in after it，followed by a big dog，walking very slowly.埃里克跟在后面跑了进来，后面跟着条大狗，这狗走得很慢。分
34、词短语在句中可以作定语、状语、补足语和表语。The lessons given by Mr Smith are always lively and interesting.史密斯先生上的课既生动又有趣。（given by.作the lessons的定语）He sent me an email，hoping to get further information.他给我发了一封邮件，希望获得进一步的消息。（hoping to.作sent的伴随状语）The missing boy was last seen playing near the East Lake.人们最后一次见着那个走失了的男孩时，他
35、正在东湖附近玩耍。（playing.作主语补足语）Most rivers in China are heavily polluted.中国的大部分河流都污染严重。（heavily polluted作表语）反馈8.1Sit down，Emma.You will only make yourself tired，_on your feet.Ato keepBkeepingChaving keptDto have kept反馈8.2Look over theretheres a very long，winding path _ up to the house.Aleading BleadsCled
36、Dto lead9The room is in a mess，with pizza boxes on the floor and dirty dishes in the sink.屋里一团糟，有比萨盒子在地板上，洗碗池里堆满了脏碟子。with复合结构：1）“with名词/代词介词短语”2）“with名词/代词形容词”3）“with名词/代词副词”4）“with名词/代词名词”5）“with名词/代词过去分词”。在此结构中，过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。6）“with名词/代词现在分词”。此结构强调名词或代词是现在分词的动作的发出者且某动作、状态与谓语动作同时进行。7）“with宾
37、语to do”。此结构中，不定式和宾语之间是动宾关系，表示尚未发生的动作。The young man was walking on the street，with a book under his arm.那位年轻人在街上走着，腋下夹着一本书。With the weather stuffy，ten to one itll rain presently.天气这么闷热，十之八九要下雨。The square looks more beautiful than ever with all the lights on.所有的灯亮起来，广场看起来更美。He left home，with his wife
38、a hopeless soul.他走了，妻子十分伤心。With this problem solved，the new medicine is now in regular production.随着这个问题的解决，新药现在已经正式生产。He felt uneasier with the whole class staring at him.全班同学看着他，他感到更不自在了。With one fifth of the worlds population to feed，China cant ignore the serious loss of arable land to property d
39、evelopment.由于要养活全球五分之一的人口，中国无法忽视房产开发对可耕地的掠夺。反馈9.1_ two exams to worry about，I have to work really hard this weekend.AWith BBesidesCAs for DBecause of反馈9.2The murderer was brought in，with his hands _ behind his back.Abeing tied Bhaving tiedCto be tied Dtied反馈9.3He wondered if he could slip out of the
40、 lecture hall without anyone _.Anoticing BnoticedCto notice Dbeing noticed反馈9.4_and no way to reduce her pain and suffering from the terrible disease，the patient sought her doctors help to end her life.AHaving given up hope of cureBWith no hope for cureCThere being hope for cureDIn the hope of cure1
41、0Eric sits on his bed.Daniel has his arms crossed and looks upset.埃里克坐在床上。丹尼尔双臂交叉，看上去很沮丧。havesth.（宾语）过去分词（宾语补足语）宾语后面用过去分词作宾语补足语，说明宾语与过去分词表示的动作之间是被动关系。有两种主要用法：1）叫/让别人做某事，动作执行者不是句子主语，也不是句子宾语，而是别人。2）主语承受了一个损失，即外人或一个物体对主语做了一件令主语不愉快的事情。I dont like to wash clothes，so I always have my clothes washed.我不喜欢洗衣
42、服，所以我总是让别人给我洗衣服。I had my hands burnt in that big fire.在那场大火中我的双手都被烧伤了。Sorry，I cant have my work finished in a short time.对不起，我不能在短时间之内完成工作。（个别时候也可以表示主语自己做某事，但不是令其不愉快的事情）用法拓展1）have sb.do 和have sb.doing都用来表示“让（使）某人做某事”的意思，动词do和doing的动作均由sb.执行。这两个词组不同的是前者的do表示一般意义，而后者的doing则强调一直做某个动作。在使用中，do和doing可由其他实
43、义动词替换。2）have sth. to do 有某事要做I would have him wait for me at the gate of the park.我要他在公园门口等我。I have a lot of homework to do tonight.我今晚有很多功课要做。Why did you have the light burning all night long?为什么你让灯整夜地亮着？反馈10.1I think you should understand the traffic rule by now.Youve had it _ often enough.Aexplai
44、ning Bto explainCexplain Dexplained反馈10.2 Did Peter fix the computer himself?He _，because he didnt know much about computers.Ahas it fixed Bhad fixed itChad it fixed Dfixed it反馈10.3 Jenny hopes that Mr Smith will suggest a good way to have her written English _ in a short period.Aimproved Bimproving
45、Cto improve Dimprove反馈10.4 （2012浙江温州十校联合体联考）You look upset.Whats the matter?I had my proposal _ again.Aturned overBturned onCturned offDturned down参考答案基础梳理整合词汇拓展1act；act；action；active；actively；activity2frightened；frighten；frightening3starve；starvation4tolerate；tolerant；tolerance5defend；defense6expla
46、in；explanation7rude；rudeness8guidance；guide9argument；argue10freedom；free；free11worried；worry；worrying12harm；harmful；harmless13foolish；fool14patience；patient；patiently；impatient15selfish；self；unselfish/selfless16normal；normally；abnormal17challenging；challenge语境记词1frightened2tolerate3upset4defend5dese
47、rves6explanation7argument8worried9patience10normal短语回顾1turn2force3wait4around5supposed6shout7out8anymore9instead10hard11now12upset13mind14out of15sleep16proud17stay18after19for20keep21along22through23control24depend25out考点归纳拓展【思路点拨】1.1 Cinsist后面的宾语从句中，主语为the key words，而worth paying attention to作主语的后
48、置定语，谓语动词是（should）be underlined。1.2 Cinsist on doing sth.“坚持做某事”。1.3 A第一个宾语从句中insist当“坚持说”讲，谓语动词不需要用虚拟语气；后面的从句中，insist当“坚决要求”讲，谓语动词要用虚拟语气。2.1 B此题考查leave sb.alone的被动语态。上句提问用what，答语要用动名词短语作主语。2.2 Cunless _ in time是一个省略的状语从句，该从句的主语应该是主句的主语SARS，treat与其之间为被动关系，故应用过去分词形式。2.3 Dremaining 也可表示“剩余的”，它只能作前置定语。3
49、.1 A在事故中受伤多用injure。harm 所指的伤害往往是长期的；shock“吃惊”；beat“打败”或“击打”，为有意行为，而非事故。3.2 Cin ruins为固定搭配，句意：多年的战争使得这个村庄成了一片废墟。3.3 Cruin “毁灭”，强调毁坏的彻底性。3.4 1）damage2）destroy3）hurt4）wound5）injured6）harm4.1 D本题考查形容词辨析。normal“正常的”；ordinary“普通的”；usual“平常的”；regular“有规律的，定期的”。4.2 B句意：在当今世界，年轻人不管来自哪里，总有许多共同点。in general“总的说
50、来”；have.in common“有共同点”。4.3 A 句意：坦率地说，我真的不知道他们有什么共同点，因为他们性格不同。in common“共同点”。5.1 Dturn out fine意为“（天气）放晴”。5.2 Aturn to“求助于”；look for“寻找”；deal with“处理，对付”；talk about“谈论”。由语境 “她不知道该向谁求助”可知答案为A项。5.3 C句意：这许多年我一直在为别人工作，我正希望将有一天建立自己的企业。turn up“出现，到达，调大”；fix up“安装”；set up“建立，开业”；make up“弥补，组成，化妆，编造”。6.1 A根
51、据句意可知，这里用“Sure，go ahead”表示同意。6.2 Ago by表示“时间流逝”；go away表示“走开”；go out表示“出去，熄灭”；go over表示“审查，复习”，由句意可知此处表示时间飞速流逝。6.3 Dtake off表示“脱下；起飞”；look after表示“照顾，照料”；give up表示“放弃”；go over表示“审查；复习”；句意为：你能帮我审查一下，看这张表格填的是否正确吗？故选D项。6.4 Dgo after表示“追赶；想得到”；go away表示“离开；私奔”；go into表示“进入”；go in for表示“爱好；参加，从事”；句意为：他们不
52、喜欢摇滚乐。它太吵了。7.1 Cas if引导的从句中，如果从句表示与现在事实相反，谓语动词用一般过去时。7.2 Aas if引导的从句中，从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。7.3 D如果as if 引导的从句主语与主句主语一致且是“主语系动词”结构，可省略主语和系动词，原句是as if he was to see.7.4 Das if引导的从句中，从句表示与过去事实相反，谓语动词用“had过去分词”。8.1 B考查非谓语动词。句意：艾玛，坐下吧。老这么站着你会累的。A项to keep是表示将来。C项having kept和D项to have kept表示动作先于主句谓语动
53、词发生。make yourself tired与keeping on your feet同时进行，故选B项。8.2 A 考查非谓语动词。句意：看那儿，有一条长长的蜿蜒小路向上延伸到那座房子。leading作为path的后置定语，相当于which leads。9.1 A“with宾语to do”结构表示原因，意思是“由于有要”。其余介词无此用法。9.2 D句意：凶手被带了进来，双手被捆在背后。“with名词/代词done”结构中，过去分词和宾语是被动关系，表示动作已经完成。9.3 A此处用的是“without名词非谓语动词”结构，因anyone和notice之间为主动关系，故应用其ing形式或不
54、定式；强调正在发生，故应用其ing形式。9.4 B句意：没有希望治愈也没有办法减轻这种可怕疾病所带来的痛苦，病人请求医生帮助结束自己的生命。and连接并列成分。10.1 D该空表示“被解释”，因此应填过去分词explained作使役动词had的宾语补足语。10.2 Cdidnt know much about computers暗示该空表示“让别人修了这台电脑”，说的是已发生的事，因此应填had it fixed。10.3 A该空表示“被提高”，因此要填过去分词improved，作使役动词have的宾语补足语。虽然improve可作不及物动词和English为主动关系，但have sth. do不合逻辑只能have sb. do，因为只能要求、安排人做某事。10.4 D答句是have sth. done结构，意为“我的建议又被拒绝了”，turn down“拒绝”符合句意。