1、必修三模块四 Sandstorms in Asia学案课型设计与课时分配:1st period Vocabulary Learning2nd period Speaking（introduction,pronunciation,speaking1&2）3rd period Intensive Reading(reading and vocabulary) 4th period Grammar (grammar 1&2)5th period Listening(listening and vocabulary, everyday English)来源:学.科.网6th period Extens
2、ive Reading(cultural corner)7th period Writing(writing and task)Period 1 Vocabulary LearningI. 单词重现1. 沙尘暴 n.) _ 2. 吓人的可怕的 (adj.) _使.害怕(v.)_(感到)害怕的（adj.）_3. 内陆的(adj.) _ 4.大量的的，规模的(adj.)_ 5. 战役 活动 (n.) _6. 沙丘(n.) _7. 沙漠化(n.)_ 沙漠(n.) _遗弃的（adj.）_8. 进程 过程(n.) _9. 公民 市民(n.) _10. 沙尘 灰尘(n.) _沾满沙土的（adj）_11.
3、预报 预告(v. )_预报员(n.)_12. 力量 力气 (n.) _加强 增强（v）_13. 骑自行车(v.) _, 骑自行车者（n）. _14. 面罩(n.) _15. 大气（层），气氛(n.) _ 16. 碳 (n.) _ 17. 化学药品(n.) ，化学的（adj.）_化学（学科）（n.） _18. 环境(n.) _ 周围的，环境的（adj.）_19. 废料，垃圾(n.)_20. 融化(vi.) _ 融化的，溶解的(adj.) _ 21. 污染（n.）_污染(v.) _22. 再循环 (v.n.) _23.沿海的（adj.）_海岸线（n.）_24.关心的，担心的(adj.)_25.证据
4、，证明（n.）_明白的 明显的（adj.）_26.主要的 多数的（adj.）_多数 大半（n.）_27. 紧急的 (adj.)_迫切地（adv.）_28.污染（v.）_污染（n.）_29.抱怨（v.）_抱怨（n.）_30.简单一句话（n.）_31.恐怖的 吓人的 （adj.）_恐吓 惊吓某人（v.）_32.绝对地 完全地（adv.）_绝对的（adj.）_33.保护（n.）_保护（v.）_II.短语集锦1.砍到 _2. 阻止干 _ 3. 保护不受的侵害 _ 4. 只有做. _5. 挖出_ 6. 放出 发出 _7. 简言之 _ 8. 醒来后面对清醒地意识到 _9. 遭遇到 _ 10.吸收 欺骗 _
5、11. 对有影响_12. 带走 拿走 _13. 一个接一个地_14. 允许某人做 _15.认真严肃地考虑_.单词演练 1 Match the words on the left with their definitions on the right.Forecast to treat something so that we can use it againCycle to change from solid to liquid, e.g. ice becomes waterPollution a series of natural developments or events that pr
6、oduce gradual changeMelt to say what will probably happen Recycle damage to the environment because of dirty thingsMass a person who lives in a particular town or countryConcerned the physical power and energy that makes someone strongMajor to ride a bicycle Complain a large number of Urgent importa
7、nt, greatCampaign say that one is dissatisfied, unhappy,citizen worriedprocess need immediate attention, action or decision strength military operations or particular or planned activities with a particular social, commercial or political aim2 Fill in the blanks in each sentence according to the mea
8、ning. Change the form if necessary.1. Sandstorms can be f_ just a few hours before they arrive.2. This box is too heavy and its too much for his s_.3. They discussed the problem in a friendly a_.4. As the development of science and technology, the world is face more and more serious environmental p_
9、. 5. As children we should be much c_ about our parents health.6. Dont always _ (抱怨) your partners mistakes. 7. A _(化学) change takes place in any substance when it burns.8. As Chinese _(公民), we should try our best to improve the environment.9. Under the _(保护) of the sun glasses, our eyes wont hurt i
10、n the strong light of the sun.10. His suggestions are _ (完全地) reasonable.3. Do all the activities about Vocabulary in the textbook, including the ones in the Workbook. For example: P31, Activity 1&2; P33,Activity 2&3; P35, Activity 1; P86 Activity 6,7 &8.Period 2 Speaking（introduction,pronunciation,
11、speaking1&2）Step1 Talk about the following pictures in your own words. (Show them the pictures of sandstorms. )来源:Zxxk.ComFor example:S1: In the first picture I can see a man is riding a bike hard. The sky is yellow.T: Can you see the buildings clearly?S1: No, they are not clear.T: Thank you, sit do
12、wn please.S2: In the second one I can find some buildings, but I cannot see them clearly. May be the city is in the sand or anything like that.S3: In the third one I can see a very tall building only. There is much sand in the sky.T: Very good. Thank you.S4: In the next picture, I can see many peopl
13、e riding bikes wearing masks. The weather is very cold, because they wear gloves and more clothes.T: How about the air? Is it clean?S4: The air is not clean. There is something like sand in the air.T: Quite right!S5: In the fifth picture, there is a strong wind carrying sand. It looks like smoke.S6:
14、 In the last one, there are some buildings covered with thick, yellow dust.T: Excellent job! Thank you every much. Now, who can tell us why there is so much sand in the sky? The wind that carry sand are calledS7: Sandstorm.T: Very good. Yes, they are called sandstorm. If you want to know more about
15、sandstorm, lets come to Module 4 Sandstorms in Asia.Step II Warming up T: Open your books on page 31. Look at the picture in your books, what can you see in the picture?S1: There is a strong wind carrying sand in the sky, and a car covered with sand running slowly.T: Right. Now, complete the sentenc
16、es using the correct form of words in the box. Three minutes.Answers: sandstorm, lasts, frightening, blows, buried,After 3 minutes, ask some students to share their answers.T: From this short paragraph, we can see the sandstorm is frightening. Have you ever experienced the sandstorm? How does it be
17、created? Before we discuss these questions, lets look at some words on the screen.Dig, earthquake, protect, sign, the Pacific Ocean(show the words on the screen, and explain the meaning to the students. Divide the whole class into several groups to discuss questions in activity 2. Then call back the
18、 answers)S1: Most of the sandstorms begin in desert areas. Because there are no trees and grasses in the desert areas. The wind is very strong.S2: Climate changing can create deserts, but nowadays, the deserts are being enlarged because of humanity.S3: Deserts are also created because people cut dow
19、n trees and dig up grass.T: Why people cut down trees?S3: They want to get wood or to plant crops.S4: Few years ago, Japan was affected by the sandstorms coming from northwest China. And America is also affected by sandstorms. Some are caused by humanity; some are from Asia blown across the Pacific
20、Ocean. Sandstorm has been a global issue.T: Very good, thank you. Can we prevent it?S5: Yes. At present, our China has carried out many plans to prevent sandstorm. For example, China has formed a professor committee to study how to prevent sandstorms. We have planted many trees every year. Cutting d
21、own the trees is unlawful. The degree of sandstorm is on decline. So we can prevent it. We believe ourselves.T: Quite right. I believe too. Where does the sandstorm often happen?S6: the inland region has more sandstorms than the one near the sea. Because the inland is drier than the one near the sea
22、.T: Can you give us the reason?S6: Dry weather is one of the main reasons for sandstorms.T: Quite right. Youve done very well. From this activity, youve got much information on sandstorms. Sandstorm is very bad. It pollutes the air, affects our daily life. If you are in a sandstorm what should you d
23、o? Now work in pairs to discuss the questions in activity 3.(5 minutes later, call back the answers)S1: If I am in a sandstorm I will wear a mask to protect my mouth and throat, wear a pair of glasses to protect my eyes.S2: Besides mask and glasses I will wear a hat. Because there is much sand in th
24、e air, it will make my hair dirty.T: You are right. In a sandstorm, you should wear a mask and a hat, a pair of glasses is also necessary. Which one is more dangerous, earthquake and sandstorm?S3: I think earthquake. Because in sandstorm we can stay at home to protect us, but in earthquake everywher
25、e is dangerous.T: I agree with you. Where in China do sandstorms usually happen? What is the first sign?S4: In the west and northwest China.S5: But it also happens in Beijing often.S6: Before the sandstorm, there is usually a heavy wind and dry weather.S7: The sky is yellow.S8: One afternoon of last
26、 spring, when I was at school, the sky was yellow. There was much sand in the sky. The wind was very strong with some drops of rain. In fact, it was not rain. It was mud. At that time, I thought the earthquake was coming. It was very terrible.T: It was really terrible. Thank you. Now I think all of
27、you have known about something of sandstorm. The sandstorm is terrible and harmful. We should work hard to protect our environment.Step III Pronunciation and Function on P36Listen to the tape and ask students to underline the words stressed and conclude when and where the word will be stressed. Then
28、 ask students to practice activity 1&2. Listen again to check if the stress is right. Ask students to complete the sentences in Ex.3 using expressions from Ex.1&2. Step IV Speaking1 &2 on P37 T: Suppose you are a citizen. There is a sandstorm in your city. A reporter wants to interview you about thi
29、s sandstorm. Make a dialogue about your interview with your partner.S1: Good afternoon sir, I am a reporter of local television station. May I ask you some questions about the sandstorm happened in the morning?S2: Ok.S1: When the sandstorm happened, what were you doing?S2: I was cycling on the road.
30、S1: Before the sandstorm coming, did you know it was the sandstorm? Or were there some signs of the coming sandstorm?S2: Yes. I learn some sandstorm signs from TV. So I tried hard to ride, but the wind was so strong.S1: Can you tell me some signs of that sandstorm?S2: First, the wind was becoming st
31、ronger and stronger, it looked like the rain was coming. I can hardly ride my bike. The dust on the ground was whirled into the sky. And the sky was turned into yellow. The dust became more and more. I can hardly open my eyes. I knew it would be a sandstorm. S1: It was terrible. Can you give us some
32、 ideas to prevent the sandstorm?S2: From television, we can see most of the sandstorms are caused by human. Instead of cutting down trees and digging grass we should plant more trees and grasses. S1: I agree with you. I think after this sandstorm most of people will be waken. Thank you.T: Well done.
33、 Thank you. Now we have known most of the sandstorms have been caused by the destroyed environment. Are there any other things that are bad for the environment? Ss: Yes. For example, coal.T: In what way?Ss: It gets off lots of smoke and pollutes the air.T: Youre right.Ss: Plastic. In our daily life,
34、 people use many plastic bags and throw them around. When there is wind, the plastic bags thrown will fly everywhere. Ss: In canteen many students use plastic bags to hold their meal and throw them away then. I think we should not use them first and set a modal.Ss: Like refrigerator, more and more c
35、ars have come into families. They give out much chemical smoke, especially in cities. It is bad for our health.Ss: Cutting more trees will not only cause sandstorms but also enlarge the sand area. T: Well done, boys and girls. Since we have known so many things are bad for the environment, what shou
36、ld we do to protect our environment?Ss: We should plant more trees to fresh our air.Ss: We should throw the rubbish into the dustbin and not throw them anywhere.Ss: I think the most important thing we should do is to organize an organization to make people around us know the importance to protect th
37、e environment. T: Ok, what you talk about is very helpful. Please prepare it after class if you want. If you need help, please let me know. This class we have learnt something about sandstorms, and have discussed things that pollute the environment. Since the pollution is so serious, we should try o
38、ur best to protect our environment. Now what you should do after class is to turn your idea into practice. Period 3 Intensive Reading(reading and vocabulary)Step 1 Pre-readingT: Now I will give you five minutes and read the whole passage quickly, find the answers to the questions on the top of this
39、page.1. There is a terrible sandstorm.2. She wears a mask, scarf, and heavy clothes. Because there is a strong sandstorm. 3. Traffic moves very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.4. The expert advises people not to go out.After 5 minutes, check the answers.T: Now, whod like to t
40、alk about the first question? Volunteer!S1: Id like to try. From picture I know that a sandstorm happens. It is frightening.T: Quite right. Next question? Who want to have a try?S2: There is a woman pulling a bike in a frightening sandstorm. The cyclist wears a mask and a pair of gloves. She wears a
41、 hat.T: Thank you, very well. How about next question?S3: The traffic will be very slow, because in the sandstorm there is much sand in the sky. The driver cannot see thing clearly.T: Quite right. The last one, who got the answer?S4: I think the experts advise people to stay at home and not go out.
42、While going out, you should wear a mask.T: Thank you. Sit down please. Now, after weve learnt this text, we will know how to protect ourselves, if there is a sandstorm in our city. Of course, we do not hope it happens in our city. Step2 ReadingT: Turn your books on page 33. Look at the activity 2 &
43、3, read the text quickly again and complete these two activities. Three minutes. Skimming:Cycle (v), expert, process, citizen, dust, survive, forecast, situation b, b, a, a来源:学科网ZXXKAfter 3 minutes, ask some students to check the answers. Show the answers on the screen.ask students to read it silent
44、lyIntensive ReadingT: Read the whole passage very carefully and complete Ex.4&5 on page 33. While reading underline phrases and sentences that you think are important. Read it silently and try to get the general idea of this passage. 10 minutes.1. The winds in a sandstorm can sometimes be strong eno
45、ugh to move sand dunes.2. When Ren Jianbo was living in Inner Mongolia he experienced a terrible sandstorm in desert.3. Sandstorms in China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.4. Cutting down trees and digging up grass can cause the climate changes and make the
46、land become desert.5. Traffic moved very slowly because the thick dust makes it difficult to see.6. The government is planting trees to the west of Beijing to prevent the desert coming near. (After 10 minutes ask some students to check the answers and show the answers on the screen.)1. forecasted 2.
47、 frightening 3. survived 4. dust 5. process 6. citizens(After students to give possible answers, then show them on the screen)1. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.2. You just had to hope youd survive.3. Sandstorms in
48、 China appear to have increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”.4. This is a process that happens when land becomes desert because of climate changes and because people cut down trees and dig up grass.5. When a sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go o
49、ut.6. To be cycling in a sandstorm is frightening.7. Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans to continue planting for the next five years. (After having finished the exercises, show the important sentences on the screen. Ask the students to pay more attention to them.
50、)Step 3 Complete the summary of the text:(1st paragraph)Sandstorms have been a major_ for many Asia countries _ centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to _ this problem and in China, a _ campaign has been started to help solve it.Suggested answers:Sandstorms have been a major disaster for many A
51、sia countries for centuries. Scientists have tried many ways to solve this problem and in China, a mass campaign has been started to help solve it.(2nd paragraph)The wind in the sandstorm is often strong enough to move _. Ren Jianbo, from _ described a terrible sandstorm he _ when he was a child. “
52、to have been _ in a sandstorm is a _. There was nothing _. It was the most _ and the most dangerous _ I have been in. You just had to hope youd _.Suggested answersThe wind in the sandstorm is often strong enough to move sand dunes. Ren Jianbo, from Inner Mongolia described a terrible sandstorm he ex
53、perienced when he was a child. “ to have been caught in a sandstorm is a terrible experience. There was nothing to be done. It was the most frightening and the most dangerous situation I have been in. You just had to hope youd survive.(3rd & 4th paragraphs)Sandstorms begin in_ area. Sandstorms in Ch
54、ina _ to have been increased in recent years as a result of “_”. This is a _ that happens because people _ trees and _ grass. Sandstorms sometimes _ Beijing. _ wake up to an orange sky and _ strong winds that _ the city in a thick, brown-yellow _. The sandstorms sometimes _ all the day and traffic _
55、 very slowly.Suggested answers:Sandstorms begin in desert area. Sandstorms in China appear to have been increased in recent years as a result of “desertification”. This is a process that happens because people cut down trees and dig up grass. Sandstorms sometimes affect Beijing. Citizens wake up to
56、an orange sky and strong winds that cover the city in a thick, brown-yellow dust. The sandstorms sometimes continue all the day and traffic moves very slowly.(The last two paragraphs)The Chinese Central Weather Station can_ a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing. When the sandstorm arri
57、ves in the city, weather _ advise people not to _. Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, “to be _ in a sandstorm is _. Its difficult to _ in the strong wind and _ makes me _. So if you want to go out, youd better wear a _.The desert is only 250 kilometers away to the west of Beijing. To _ it com
58、ing nearer, the government is planting trees. Suggested answers:The Chinese Central Weather Station can forecast a sandstorm some weeks before it arrives in Beijing. When the sandstorm arrives in the city, weather experts advise people not to go out. Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, “to be
59、cycling in a sandstorm is frightening. Its difficult to breathe in the strong wind and dust makes me ill. So if you want to go out, youd better wear a mask.The desert is only 250 kilometers away to the west of Beijing. To prevent it coming nearer, the government is planting trees. (As to this part,
60、listen to whole passage first, and then listen again paragraph by paragraph. After listening to a paragraph, ask students to look the screen and fill the blanks with their books closed.Step 4 Language points in the textT: Now lets deal with some language points. You just had to hope youd survive.Sur
61、vive vi. continue to live or exist (from sth), ( on sth), E.g. many strange customs have survived from earlier time. I cant survived on 30 a week.Vt. Continue to live or exist in spite of nearly being killed or destroyed an earthquake, shipwrecksurvivor n. person who survivedas a result of “ deserti
62、fication”. 由于沙漠化的结果desert + ify “-fy / -ify” 后缀 变为verb. desertify desertification because people cut down trees and dig up grass.Cut sth down (cause sth to fall down by cutting it at base)来源:学科网 a tree, 砍倒一棵树， trousers, 改短裤子， ones expenses, 减少开支dig sth up break up(soil,etc) by digging， remove sth fr
63、om the ground by digging Dig up the land for a new garden. 为建一座花园而垦地。 We dig up the tree by his roots.我们将树连根拔起。 weather experts advise people not to go out.advise sb. (not) to do sth. give advice to sb; recommendPeriod 4 Grammar (grammar 1&2)Step I Presentation T: Look at the screen please. Pay atte
64、ntion to the phrases in color. Do they have something in common? What is the common thing? 1. To see her is to love her.2. She likes to play with the child.3. I am very glad to see you.4. The next train to arrive was from New York.5. I stayed there to see what would happen.S: Yes. They all have the
65、word “to”.T: Very good. This is the grammar infinitive structure we will learn this class. Who knows what the infinitive structure is.S: The infinitive structure is the phrase that has “to do sth”.T: Very good, but not always. Infinitive structure has two types. One is to-infinitive, the other is ba
66、re infinitive. For example: You cannot do better than go. (bare infinitive)To see is to believe. (to-infinitive)T: Ok, lets look some usages of the infinitive structure Infinitive structure acts as subject.E.g. To err is human. (subject) It takes me ten days to finish this project. (英语中常用it做形式主语，真正的
67、主语是 不定式) Infinitive structure acts as predicateE.g. He is yet to come. (be + to come)The important thing is to save lives. Infinitive structure acts as object.E.g. She likes to play with the child. He seems to know the way. The adjective followed by the infinitive structureE.g. I am very glad to see
68、 you. He is eager to win. Infinitive structure acts as attribute.E.g. He was always the first to come and last to leave. The next train to arrive was from New York. Infinitive structure acts as adverbial modifier.E.g. I stayed there to see what would happen. (doing this with explanation)Step II Gram
69、mar 1T: Now please go through the activity 1 and to find all infinitive structures, then tell us if they give essential or extra information.Possible answers:The wind is strong enough to move sand dunes.来源:学。科。网Z。X。X。K The adjective followed by the infinitive structureWe were advised not to go outsi
70、de.Infinitive structure acts as object.Its frightening to be cycling to work in a sandstormInfinitive structure acts as subjectThere is nothing to be done.Infinitive structure acts as attributeI am the only person in my family to have been in a sandstorm.Infinitive structure acts as attributeTo have
71、 been caught in a sandstorm was a terrible experience.Infinitive structure acts as subject(Ask students to check the answers)Ask students to finish activity 2&3 then call back the answers.1. It is dangerous to travel during a sandstorm.Infinitive structure acts as subject2. Experts hope to learn mor
72、e about the movement of thunderstorms.Infinitive structure acts as object.3. We were told not to leave the house.Infinitive structure acts as object.4. The work on the house needs to be completed by the end of the week.Infinitive structure acts as object.5. Most houses seem to have been destroyed by
73、 the storm.Infinitive structure acts as predicate1. to work 2. to learn 3. to tell 4. to be completed 5. to miss 6. to be finished 7. to seeExplanation: Some adjectives must be followed by “to”: glad, sorry, lucky, free, sure, likely, able, afraid, willing, ready, anxious, careful, foolish etc. have
74、 to means“不得不.” Some verbs must be followed by “to” as objective：like, want, hope，expect, wish, try etc. Set phrases： so + adj.+ as to; such () as to.; enough (for sb) to.; tooto; only to. ( 表示未曾料到的结果) etc.Step III Grammar 2T: Please turn your book to Page36. At the beginning of the class, I told yo
75、u that the Infinitive structure has two types. One is to-infinitive, the other is bare infinitive. Now lets look at the second type of the Infinitive structure. “but + infinitive” is one of the bare infinitive. Who knows how to use this structure?S: We dont know.T: If there is a word “do” before the
76、 conjunction “but” we should use bare infinitive.E.g. we have nothing to do now but wait. Tom never does anything but talk.If there is no “do” before the conjunction “but” we should use to-infinitive.E.g. They desired nothing but to succeed. I have no choice but to accept the fact.T: Now, look at th
77、e Ex.1&2 on page 36 and find the answers. Possible explanations:1. We do nothing except to talk. ( 可换成 “but”, 但要去掉 “to”)2. I have to feel very concerned because I cant do help. ( 我只能担心，因为我帮不了你help 是名词 )3. I cant do anything but wonder what will happen. ( 除了想知道将要发生什么，我不想作任何事情，言外之意就是，我非常想知道将发生什么事)1. b
78、ut 2. think 3. choose 4. complaining 5.love 6. nothing Possible explanations:1. help vt. 应有宾语，所以判断此句中help 是名词，完整形式应是 “do help”.2. 同上3. chose vt. 又 因but 后是原型。4. 因为but 前有do”5. 同16. do 应有宾语其他结构：口语中 go ,come 后可不用toGo tell her. 去告诉他吧。 Come have a glass. 来喝一杯吧。 在than 后不带 toI would rather go than stayYou c
79、annot do better than go. 在一些固定词组中省去tohear, make, let, see, 但在被动语态中要加上。疑问词why 引导的省略句中省去to.Why not try again？Step IV Homework1Complete the exercises 1, 2, 3&4 on Page 85 2Choose the correct answer.1). Such people are_. A. respect B. to respect C. to be respecting D. to be respected2). There is nothing
80、 to do but_ till it stops snowing. A. to wait B. waiting C. wait D. waits3). Im sorry _ you so much trouble. And thank you for your help. A. to give B. to have given C. giving D. gave4). Tom is said _ abroad, but I dont know what country he studied in. A. to have studied B. to study C. to be studyin
81、g D. to have been studying5)._ late in the morning, Bob turned off the alarm.A. To sleep B. Sleeping C. Sleep D. Having sleptPeriod 5 Listening (Listening and vocabulary; Everyday English) Listening and Vocabulary (Page35)1 Deal with vocabulary first to make preparations for listening. Then the Ss w
82、ill hear a speech about environmental problems made by an expert. Then solve all the questions in this part.2 Then turn to Page38.Lets listen to the tape for the last time and deal with Everyday English.3 At last present the tapescript.4 If time permits, deal with Listening and speaking (Wb P88)Peri
83、od 6 Extensive Reading(Cultural Corner)Read the passage on P39 and answer the questions.1. How do countries in Europe try to improve the environment?2. When did the “Green” movement begin?3. What does the “Green” movement try to do?Ask students talk about the following two questions:a. Are there org
84、anizations in China whose aim is to protect the environment?b. What do you know about the organizations?If students dont know any, present them some materials.Here are some supplementary reading materials on the paper. China Adopts Environment-Friendly Way to Dispose Rubbish China is adopting an env
85、ironment-friendly way of rubbish disposal by building its largest rubbish-burning fueled power plant in Shanghai, according to Fridays Chinadaily. The plant to be built in Shanghais Pudong New District is designed to have the capacity to generate 100,000 megawatts of electricity annually by means of
86、 thermal energy generated through burning 365,000 tons of rubbish, the paper said. The project, expected to be completed in October 2001, will cost 670 million yuan (80.7 million U.S. dollars), including a low-interest loan of 30.17 million offered by the French government. The majority of the loan
87、will be used to buy some key technology and equipment from France for the new power plant, an official surnamed Tao who is responsible for the construction of the plant and the installation of the equipment was quoted as saying.The plant will keep a close eye on the discharge of waste gas and smoke
88、and fume emissions in accordance with the emission standards set by the European Union, said the official, adding that the new plant will become a pilot project for neighboring areas of Shanghai and other big cities in terms of rubbish disposal. Shanghai now yields more than 10,000 tons of household
89、 waste every day, of which about 80 percent is buried after a fermenting procedure to decrease harmful elements.Chinas First Home-Made Rubbish Power Plant OperationalChinas first power plant using homemade equipment for generating electricity with rubbish was put into operation recently in east Chin
90、as Zhejiang Province. Costing a total investment of 90 million yuan (US$10.84 million), this non-government-run plant is able to handle 320 tons of rubbish per day and generate 25 million KWH of electricity per year. Smoke and gas discharged after treatment, tested by the Chinese Academy of Sciences
91、, has measured up to the environmental standard set by the country. The Non-government Environmental Protection Movement in ChinaON Environment Day (June 5) of 1993, a group of Chinese intellectuals sat in the ruins of a pagoda in the suburbs of Beijing, and discussed the current lamentable state of
92、 Chinas environment, and what common citizens could do to salvage and protect it. A year later, the Friends of Nature, the first non-government environmental protection organization in China, was founded. The organization, with its slogan protecting and being friendly to nature, indicates the common
93、 recognition among Chinese people of the need for environmental awareness.In the years that followed, Chinese non-government environmental protection organizations mushroomed. The most influential ones include the Friends of Nature, the Green Earth Volunteers, the Global Village of Beijing (GVB), an
94、d Senol. Members of these organizations look squarely at environment pollution and bravely admit the fact that the progress of industrialization generates negative effects. While struggling to find their own ways of dealing with this huge problem, they also hope to learn from the experience of devel
95、oped countries in environmental protection.In 2000, the Sophie Award and the Magsaysay Award, both world-renowned prizes for environmental protection, were given respectively to two Chinese - Liao Xiaoyi and Liang Congjie. Both are leaders of Chinese non-government environmental protection organizat
96、ions. This event greatly encouraged those pushing forward the undertakings of Chinese environmental protection.Advocating Green Life Members of non-government environmental protection organizations are mostly intellectuals, sensitive to the needs of the environment, with a strong sense of social res
97、ponsibility. They may not be environmental protection professionals, but compensate for this in their enthusiasm and commitment to this undertaking.The Friends of Nature is the most influential organization of its kind in China. Its main areas of concern are: the protection of world-level rare anima
98、ls - such as the Yunnan Golden Monkey and its habitat, and preventing its potential extinction from commercial logging in the forest it inhabits; the protection of the Tibetan antelope, and eliciting help worldwide to stop the killing of this endangered animal; protesting against the destructive fel
99、ling of natural forests; and openly criticizing the industrial pollution that is spreading all over the China.The Green Lecture is a form of education on environmental protection initiated by the Friends of Nature. Pan Wenshi and Lu Zhi, both experts on pandas, Dr. Jane Goodall, an English expert on
100、 chimpanzees, and Chagba Doje, protector of the Tibetan antelope, have all given lectures, relating moving personal experiences about human beings and nature.The Friends of Nature has its own special coach, decorated with the image of a Tibetan antelope. Members of the organization simply call it th
101、e antelope vehicle. At present, the Friends of Nature is cooperating with S.O.F., a German environmental protection organization, on a program named the Antelope Vehicle Project. On this mobile propaganda coach, children can play games or watch videos about environmental protection. With the support
102、 of Project Hope, the antelope vehicle also goes to schools in remote villages. Since formally starting on May 31, 2000, the program has initiated activities in numerous schools in Beijing, Hebei Province, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, and Shanxi Province, and received a warm reception. The main
103、 activity of the Green Earth Volunteers, commonly known as the Green Earth, is planting trees in deserts and on barren mountain slopes. The foot of the Badaling Great Wall in Beijing, the Enbeige Desert in Inner Mongolia, and the Hukou Waterfall area in Shanxi Province, all bear the traces of volunt
104、eers footprints, among whom the youngest is only three years old.Bird watching is another activity initiated by the Green Earth, as a means of understanding the relationships between humankind and nature. Professor Zhao Xinru of the Biology Department of Beijing Normal University has, since 1997, at
105、 the invitation of the bird watching group, given lectures and instruction to the group on birds and bird identification. After a period of study, group members can now distinguish almost 100 species of birds, including the whooper swan, the lapwing, and the heron. They have also twice participated
106、in the Hong Kong International Bird Watching Contest and achieved impressive results. According to Wang Yongchen, founder of the Green Earth and journalist at the Central Peoples Broadcasting Station, the organization is currently engaged in the work of bird identification, with the aim of helping v
107、olunteers to gain a deeper understanding of birds and the relationships between birds and human beings. Through her knowledge obtained from bird watching, Zhong Jia, a volunteer with the Green Earth, has found that excessive land reclamation has caused the bird habitat in Beidaihe to shrink dramatic
108、ally, hence the steady dwindling of their number. Zhong Jia made an appeal based on her findings to the relevant department, to protect this world-famous bird watching site. Her action concurs exactly with the Green Earths guideline, i.e. providing a scientific basis for the department concerned to
109、stipulate policies on managing bird resources and their habitat. In 2000, the Green Earth participated in work at the Beidaihe bird identification station, thus becoming the first bird identification group mainly made up of volunteers. Unlike other environmental protection organizations, the Global
110、Village of Beijing (GVB) is particularly concerned with human beings and their community, rather than certain species of animals, plants or water resources. GVB mainly engages in publicizing the 5R (Reduce, Reevaluate, Reuse, Recycle, and Rescue) green life style. Liao Xiaoyi, founder of the GVB, sa
111、ys that their main thrust is to help people make the decision voluntarily to choose a nature-friendly way of life, exercise their rights, and stand by their obligation to protect the environment. Since the day the GVB was founded, Liao and her colleagues have made investigations into garbage sorting
112、 in different communities, and helped neighborhood committees in Beijings Xicheng District to establish pilot garbage sorting stations. The GVB has also cooperated with the environmental protection department to establish Chinas first pilot green community in the Jiangongnanli Community of Beijings
113、Xuanwu District. Liao Xiaoyis dream is to make green communities into the most beautiful landscape in China in the 21st century.More and more students are joining this drive to protect our environment. Environmental protection organizations made up of student volunteers play a vital role in arousing
114、 public environment awareness and social responsibility. Senol is the most influential school environmental protection group in Beijing. It was founded in 1994 by two students from the Beijing Forestry University. Senol participated in the campaign to protect the Yunnan golden monkey, and in the inv
115、estigation and exploration of the Beima Snow Mountain in western China. When a pair of wild geese laid eggs on a mid-lake island in Purple Bamboo Park in Beijing, members of Senol pitched tents there, guarding the birds in shifts for a month, in order to prevent the eggs being taken away by visitors
116、, and to ensure that the goslings hatched safely. Many people were moved by their efforts, and began to reevaluate the role of human beings within nature.Many individuals have attracted public attention in their dedication to environmental protection. In 1989, Yang Xin, a photographer on the Yangtze
117、 River rafting expedition, began recording changes in the biological environment on the upper reaches of the Yangtze River. He later initiated a campaign to protect the river with the slogan, protect the source of the Yangtze River and care for nature. This activity aroused the concern of people fro
118、m all walks of life. A Green World Tour, written by Tang Xiyang, a distinguished environmentalist writer, is regarded as the encyclopedia of Chinas nature conservation, and a masterpiece on environmental protection education.There are several programs on environmental education on Chinese TV, such a
119、s, Stories of the Earth, Environmental Protection Hour, and, Animal World. There are also publications, including papers and magazines, advocating environmental protection.Green BridgeOn the afternoon of January 12, 2001, the local residents and the municipal department concerned at the Chunshuyuan
120、subdistrict office of Beijings Xuanwu District held a hearing on garbage sorting. A Mr. An explained how he sorted his garbage, separating items made of tin, plastic, and paper, at home. He also openly criticized the shortcomings of government work on environmental protection, and made constructive
121、suggestions. Many residents spoke up at the hearing, demonstrating how environmental awareness has taken root in peoples consciousness.In November 2000, the municipal government of Beijing adopted Green Earths suggestion to carry out garbage sorting throughout the city, and received a positive respo
122、nse from the public. Liao Xiaoyi, initiator of the hearing mentioned above, believes that meetings such as this are the best channels of communication between the government and the common people. They indicate that green communities may fulfill their functions of monitoring law enforcement, and pro
123、viding suggestions for the governments policy making.Non-government environmental protection organizations are bridges between the government and the masses. They developed rapidly during the 1990s in China, and play a vital role in mobilizing citizens to participate in environmental protection unde
124、rtakings, says Qu Geping, chairman of the Environment and Resources Protection Committee of the National Peoples Congress, who started work on environmental protection as early as the 1970s, and who has won many awards from the United Nations. Liang Congjie compares the government to a housewife in
125、a big family. He says, If only the mother of the family does the cleaning, while other family members thoughtlessly mess up her good work, then no matter how conscientious she is, it is impossible for her to keep a clean house. And a housewife also needs supervision and criticism.5R & 5 CirclesToday
126、, the Olympic Games are not simply a sports contest, but an event closely related to such factors as culture and the environment. The Chinese, who are actively bidding to host the 2008 Olympic Games, are well aware of this. In October 2000, the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games Bidding Committee, the Beiji
127、ng Environmental Protection Bureau, and more than 20 Beijing-based non-government environmental protection organizations jointly signed the Action Plan for the Green Olympics.The Global Village of Beijing introduced the 5R & 5 Circles concept. According to the GVB, the spirit of 5R should be transpo
128、sed to the Olympic Games. Five Circles refers to the Olympic Games flag. Liao Xiaoyi believes that Beijings Olympic Bid is a good opportunity for China to disseminate the 5R life style - a way of life that the GVB has proposed from the very start.To support the Green Olympics movement, the GVB has c
129、onducted a series of activities under the slogan Green Olympics and Green Life. They sponsored special lectures on environmental protection at Universities, publicizing the relationship between environmental protection and Beijings Olympic Bid, and discussing eastern culture and the essence of the O
130、lympic Games. The GVB also mobilized college students in Beijing to publicize garbage sorting, the utilization of recycled paper, and the banning of disposable fast-food containers. Members of the GVB are steadfastly practicing what they preach, side by side with the students they recruited.A Long W
131、ay to GoAlmost all non-government environmental protection organizations face the problem of funding. In China particularly, a suitable economic environment for non-government environmental protection organizations is yet to be created. Liao Xaoyi says, At present, the shortcomings within our system
132、 of taxation constitute the biggest barrier in the development of non-government environmental protection organizations. The government gives no tax benefits to enterprises that make donations to such organizations.The green bridge path does not always run smooth. The Friends of Nature once appealed
133、 for no further expansion of the Capital Iron and Steel Company in the downtown area, but received no response on this issue. As fast as Chinese non-government environmental protection organizations may develop, they are still far short of Chinas need. Compared with their foreign counterparts in reg
134、ard to educating the masses, supervising the implementation of environment-related laws and regulations, and pushing forward the policy-making of the government, Chinese non-government environmental protection organizations still have a long way to go.This is current situation regarding Chinas envir
135、onmental protection. On the one hand, some people already acknowledge how crucial environmental protection is, and understand that it requires a fundamental change in life style. On the other, many people are indifferent to ongoing environmental damage. It is obvious that environmental protection wi
136、ll remain an up hill task for the Chinese in the 21st century - one that endorses the imperative need for the existence of such organizations.Period 7 Writing (Writing and Task，Page38)The purpose of this writing is for students to describe one environmental problem and say what we should do about it
137、. Its a good opportunity for a discussion about the problems and the solutions. After the discussion, they can write down the problems and the way to solve them.Step 1 Lead inT: Last class we have read some materials about environmental protection. Do you know some major environmental problems?S1: a
138、ir pollution, petrol pollution, waste water and noise pollution.T: OK. There are many types of pollution. But choose a major one around you and find out the solution to solve it. Now discuss the problem in pairs and write down in a few sentences.T: Have you finished it? Ill ask some of you to read y
139、our short passage.S1: One major environmental problem is indoor air pollution. There are many sources of indoor air pollution. Tobacco smoke, cooking and heating appliances, and vapors from building materials, paints, furniture, etc. cause pollution inside buildings. Air pollution can affect our hea
140、lth in many ways with both short-term and long-term effects. So we shouldnt stay in the room for a long time. We need to go outdoors to breathe fresh air and do some exercises.S2: One major environmental problem is black carbon pollution. Black carbon pollution is the release of tiny particles into
141、the air from burning fuel for energy. Now it constitutes a serious and widespread problem, not only to human health, but also to the entire global environment. We must find a new and less-polluted energy to replace coal.T: Excellent! Now turn to Page40.Step 2 TaskThe purpose of this writing task is
142、for the students to design a poster that encourages people to look after the environment.T: Read through the passages that we have read in this module and find out seven things you can do in your everyday life for environmental protection.T: Have you found them?S1: We should put waste paper in a spe
143、cial bag in order to recycle it.S2: We should try to avoid using plastic bags.S3: We will put our leftover food into a special can.S4: I wont step on the grass any more.S5: I wont catch the bird.S6: I will persuade people who smoke not to smoke.S7: I will join an organization that protects the envir
144、onment.T: Now prepare a large piece of paper. Think of a heading for your poster.(The teacher goes around the classroom to help students)T: Now show your headings to the whole class.S1: SAVE OUR EARTHS2: SAVE THE BIRDSS3: KEEP OFF THE GRASSS4: NO SMOKINGS5: LEFTOVER FOOD HERET: Now complete the post
145、er with a few sentences using pictures if necessary.(Ask several students to show their posters)Show sample poster:SAVE OUR EARTHPlant trees every year.Keep off the grass.Ride a bike or walk to work or school.来源:学科网No smoking.Dont throw away rubbish.Step 3 WritingAsk students to read the message on
146、an Internet environment discussion group and find out the detailed information. Then write a message to the Internet environment discussion group to show your opinions about an environmental problem.T: Now read the message and answer the three questions on top of Page90, Activity17.(After read the p
147、assage)T: Have you found the answers? Now well check the answers. Now well come to Activity18.First you should choose a topic and then follow the instructions to write a message.Step 4 Suggested message:Im very concerned about global climate change. Its a very serious global problem today.From what
148、I understand, there are many factors for global warming. The doubling atmospheric carbon dioxide, a greenhouse gas, would cause rising ocean temperatures, which will cause an increase in evaporation. The added water vapor, also a greenhouse gas, will enhance the greenhouse effect, which would furthe
149、r increase global warming.There is evidence that for nearly two hundred years our planet has been warming. This is seen not only in climate observations, but also in some physical and biological indicators of environmental change. Some scientists, supported by concerned environmental organizations s
150、uch as Greenpeace and the World Wild Life Fund, have concluded that many of the patterns associated with this warming can be attributed to the growing impact of human activity on the planet. They have forecast that over the next hundred years we will create a climate on earth that will be warmer tha
151、n any so far experienced by the human species. They believe that this rate of change may be unprecedented in the history of our planet and will be so great that many of our ecosystems and wildlife species will fail to adapt.In recent years, more and more people are paying attention to this problem. But few of them take the measures. We need to stop people from doing it. We should do all that we can to reduce such pollution.