1、广东省深圳外国语学校2020届高三英语4月综合能力测试试题（含解析）第一部分：听力（共两节，满分30分）该部分分为第一、第二两节。注意：回答听力部分时，请先将答案标在试卷上。听力部分结束时，你将有两分钟的时间将你的答案转涂到客观题答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1. What does the woman want to do?A. Play a video. B. Make ch
2、airs. C. Find some old wood.2. Where will the woman go next?A. To her house. B. To a bookstore. C. To class.3. How did the woman get her dress?A. By copying it.B. By buying it on sale.C. By designing it in a sewing class.4. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. Other stores. B. A sales promo
3、tion. C. Some reports.5. Why does the woman need money?A. To buy a book. B. To buy a basketball. C. To pay for an autograph.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白，每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6. How does the m
4、an feel about reality TV shows?A. Theyre a waste of time.B. Theyre getting better every season.C. Theyre not as interesting as they used to be.7. What will the speakers probably watch together next week?A. A reality show. B. A TV series. C. A new movie.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。8. Where was the recipe from?A.
5、 From the woman herself.B. From the house of the womans grandmother.C. From the mans family member.9. What does the woman say about the vegetables?A. She grew them all.B. Only the tomatoes came from the store.C. She had a lot of difficulties growing them.10. Why did the woman put strawberries in her
6、 salad?A. She had a lot of extras.B. She didnt know what to put in the salad.C. She wanted to make something unusual.听第8段材料，回答第11、12题。11. Why is the man apologizing?A. He arrived late.B. He missed a full day of work.C. He didnt tell the woman about his back.12. Why did the man stop taking his medici
7、ne?A. His back is getting better.B. He couldnt afford it.C. He couldnt bear the taste.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13. Who is the man?A. A house agent. B. The womans husband. C. The owner of the house.14. What part of the house is the least modern?A. The laundry room. B The kitchen. C The bedrooms.15. Where is
8、the bathroom on the main floor?A. Down the hall by the two bedrooms.B. In the master bedroom.C. By the laundry room.16. How many people are in the womans family?A. Just two. B. Three. C. Four.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17. Where did Michelle Obama graduate in 1985?A. Princeton University. B. Harvard Universi
9、ty. C. The University of Chicago.18. When did Michelle Obama meet her husband?A. In 1985. B. In 1989. C. In1991.19. What did Michelle Obama do for youths education?A. She directed public programs.B. She built public schools.C. She taught in high schools.20. What was one of Michelle Obamas accomplish
10、ments?A. She was the only First Lady to have a postgraduate degree.B. She introduced healthier lunches at elementary schools.C. She became a role model and fashion symbol.第二部分：阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节(共15小题；每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出最佳选项。ASome best music and opera holidays for 2019.Tangle
11、wood FestivalThe villages of Lenox and Stockbridge in western Massachusetts have been the summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra for more than 80 years, and its annual Tanglewood festival is East Coast Americas most distinguished music event. Andris Nelsons, BSO music director, conducts 14 of
12、the concerts and star performers include Emanuel Ax, Paul Lewis and Anne-Sophie Mutter. Tickets on sale Feb 10.June 15Aug 25 (tanglewood.org)Aspen FestivalThis year is the 70th anniversary of the Aspen Music Festival, one of the longest-running and most prestigious festivals in the United States. Th
13、e 2019 program has yet to be announced, but a typical eight- week summer season includes more than 400 classical music eventsincluding concerts by five orchestras, solo (独奏) and classical music performances, fully staged opera productions, music lessons, lectures, and childrens programming. Tickets
14、and details available in February.June 27Aug 18 (aspenmusicfestival. com)Grand Teton Music FestivalAspens great classical music competitor in the Rocky Mountains is the Grand Teton, which has been held in Jackson Hole since 1962 and at its heart is a timber concert hall, the Walk Festival Hall, famo
15、us for its friendly atmosphere and excellent natural sound. Despite its relatively modest size, the hall attracts the greatscurrent music director is the Scottish conductor Donald Runnicles. The program for 2019 is yet to be announced but subscriptions are on sale from Feb 1, single tickets from Mar
16、ch 1.July 2Aug 17 ( gtmf. org)Salzburg FestivalThe excitement is building in Salzburg both for this summer and for its 100th anniversary year in 2020. Bar the Proms, it is the worlds oldest music festival and this year it will pack in an unbelievable 199 performances in 43 days at 16 venues. This ye
17、ars theme is Myths and includes first public performances of Mozarts Idomeneo and George Enescus opera dipe.July 20Aug 31 (salzburgfestival. at)1. Which of the festivals has the shortest history?A. Tangle wood Festival.B. Aspen Festival.C. Salzburg Festival.D. Grand Teton Music Festival.2. What can
18、we learn about Tanglewood Festival?A. It is held from June 27 to Aug. 18.B. Its tickets can be available from March 1.C. It is best known in the east coast of America.D. Its more information can be got from gtmf. org.3. What is the similarity of Aspen Festival and Salzburg Festival?A. Their tickets
19、can be got in February.B. They will be held in the same months.C. They both have music and opera performances.D. Their audience can be both adults and children.【答案】1. D 2. C 3. C【解析】【分析】本文为应用文。文中有四个广告，介绍了2019年最好的音乐和歌剧节。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据Tangle wood Festival部分可知有80多年的历史。Aspen Festival部分中的“This year is th
20、e 70th anniversary of the Aspen Music Festival, one of the longest-running and most prestigious festivals in the United States”可知，有70年的历史。Grand Teton Music Festival中的“which has been held in Jackson Hole since 1962”可知只有（2019-1962=）47年的历史。Salzburg Festival部分中的“The excitement is building in Salzburg bo
21、th for this summer and for its 100th anniversary year in 2020.”可知，已有100年的历史。比较可知，D. Grand Teton Music Festival只有47年，历史是短，故选D。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第二个广告可知Aspen Festival是在“June 27Aug 18 (aspenmusic festival. com)”可知A是错误的。根据Grand Teton Music Festival最后的内容The program for 2019 is yet to be announced but subscri
22、ptions are on sale from Feb 1, single tickets from March 1.July 2Aug 17 ( gtmf. org)可知，可知B和D是错误的。根据Tangle wood Festival部分中的“The villages of Lenox and Stockbridge in western Massachusetts have been the summer home of the Boston Symphony Orchestra for more than 80 years, and its annual Tanglewood fest
23、ival is East Coast Americas most distinguished music event.”可知，Tangle wood Festival节日是在美国东海岸最出名。分析选项可知，C项正确。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Aspen Festival 和 Salzburg Festival部分的内容可知，这两个节日都有音乐和歌剧表演。分析选项可知C项符合题意，故选C。【点睛】新闻广告类材料是高考的热门考题。其文句简练，信息量大，句式使用简单，表达方式多样，但阅读这类题目也是有规律可循的。此类文章主要考查学生提取信息和处理信息的能力。既注重特定细节的筛选、类比、综合，又注重
24、推理判断题的考查。题目设置相对较易。答题时没有必要弄清每一句话，只要重点理解和题目有关的信息就可以了。做这类题时没有必要阅读全文，宜采用“倒序法”来处理。即先看问题，后看文章内容，略读问题和选项，带问题阅读。这样在阅读中有重点，有针对性地读，冗余无效的信息可略读甚至是不读。在阅读时要特殊留意文中以黑体、大写、下划线等方式加以提示或是小标题等，因为这很有可能是文章的核心或至少是一部分关键性内容的概括。如第1小题属于细节理解题。首先明确问题Which of the festivals has the shortest history?然后带着四个选项A. Tangle wood Festival.
25、B.Aspen Festival. C. Salzburg Festival. D. Grand Teton Music Festival在文章中定位到具体的段落上找到相应的内容，再进行比较就可得出答案。如根据Tangle wood Festival部分可知有80多年的历史。Aspen Festival部分中的“This year is the 70th anniversary of the Aspen Music Festival, one of the longest-running and most prestigious festivals in the United States”可
26、知，有70年的历史。Grand Teton Music Festival中的“which has been held in Jackson Hole since 1962”可知只有（2019-1962=）47年的历史。Salzburg Festival部分中的“The excitement is building in Salzburg both for this summer and for its 100th anniversary year in 2020.”可知，已有100年的历史。比较可知，D. Grand Teton Music Festival只有47年，历史是短，故选D。BA
27、Wisconsin mom makes mini-me toys as unique as the children who embrace them.As a social worker using play therapy in the 1990s to help children through their cancer treatment, Amy Jandrisevits wished she could comfort her patients with dolls that bore their all-too-familiar hair loss and surgery sca
28、rs. “I would clear up Goodwill for bald Cabbage Patch Kids because that was the closest thing I could find. ”she says. “I thought these kids need something that looks like they do. ”The idea stuck with Jandrisevits after she left social work in 2001 to start a family. Then in 2015, a mom whose daugh
29、ter lost a leg to amputation(截肢) asked Jandrisevits, handy with a sewing machine, if she could craft a mini-me doll for the girl.After Jandrisevits posted a photo of the legless doll on Facebook, orders poured in for likeness with everything from albinism(白化病) to birthmarks. “Differences make kids f
30、eel isolated and judged, ”she says, “with a doll, a child sees I am not the only one who looks this way. . . and beautiful enough to be a doll.” Jandrisevits, 46, has since crafted nearly 400 custom dolls with her New Berlin, Wis, dining room table, with donors often covering the $ 100 cost through
31、Jandrisevitss nonprofit A Doll Like Me. The mom of three insisted on making each doll herself with help from her mother and a friend.For Keagan Cameron, 2, whose rare skin condition has him covered in birthmarks, Jandrisevits matched the dolls spot exactly. “That was the most amazing thing,” says Ke
32、agans mom, Joy.Brian Grassi of Coventry, R. I. , says she wept like a baby when a doll came in the mail for his daughter Emma, born three months later in October without her lower left arm. “Seeing my daughter with her doll, it makes me think about her future, not her limitations.”4. What inspired J
33、andrisevits to make Mini-me toys?A. Her own family condition.B. Her hair loss and surgery scars.C. Her daughters losing a leg to amputation.D. Her working experience as a social worker.5. According to the passage, we can infer that .A. making Mini-me toys cost a lot.B. mini-me toys have won great po
34、pularity.C. Jandrisevits made the Mini-me toys all by herself.D. A Doll Like Me is an organization to raise fund for children in need.6. What is the passage mainly about?A Mini-me toys comfort kids.B. Dolls make kids happy.C. Children enjoy dolls company.D. A mom likes making mini-me toys.7. How wou
35、ld you describe Jandrisevits? A. Helpful and cautious.B. Responsible and grateful.C. Warmhearted and determined.D. Ambitious and tough.【答案】4. D 5. B 6. A 7. C【解析】这是一篇记叙文。本文主要讲述了Amy Jandrisevits 通过制作minime玩偶来帮助有缺陷的孩子，让这些孩子得到心灵的安慰。文章介绍了他开始制作这种娃娃的原因和过程，以及孩子们对这种娃娃的反应。【4题详解】细节理解题。细节理解题。根据第二段As a social w
36、orker using play therapy in the 1990s to help children through their cancer treatment, Amy Jandrisevits wished she could comfort her patients with dolls that bore their all-too-familiar hair loss and surgery scars. (上世纪90年代末，Amy Jandrisevits是一名社会工作者，她利用游戏疗法帮助孩子们度过癌症治疗期，她希望能用那些有着常见的脱发和手术伤疤的玩偶来安慰她的病人。
37、)可知，在作为社工期间Amy Jandrisevits有了制作和病人一样的娃娃来安慰病人的想法。D. Her working experience as a social worker.(她作为一个社工的经历)符合以上说法，故选D项。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段的After Jandrisevits posted a photo of the legless doll on Facebook, orders poured in for likeness with everything from albinism to birthmarks.Jandrisevits, 46, has si
38、nce crafted nearly 400 custom dolls with her New Berlin, Wis, dining room table, with donors often covering the $ 100 cost through Jandrisevitss nonprofit A Doll Like Me.(自从Jandrisevits在Facebook上发布了这只无腿娃娃的照片后，订单蜂拥而至。46岁的Jandrisevits在她位于威斯康星州新柏林的家中，就在餐桌上，制作了近400个定制玩偶。捐赠者通常会通过詹德里塞维斯的非营利组织“像我这样的玩偶”(A D
39、oll Like Me)来支付100美元。)可推测，mini-me受到了很多人的欢迎。故 B. mini-me toys have won great popularity.(mini-me娃娃受到了欢迎)符合以上推测，故选B项。【6题详解】主旨大意题。根据文章的主要内容，尤其是第一段A Wisconsin mom makes mini-me toys as unique as the children who embrace them.(一个威斯康辛妈妈制作minime娃娃，这些娃娃和抱着他们的孩子一样)以及最后两个自然段谈到的两个孩子因为有了minime娃娃的陪伴情况有所改变的故事可知，本
40、文主要讲述了Amy Jandrisevits 制作的minime可以安慰有缺陷的孩子。A. Mini-me toys comfort kids.( Mini-me娃娃让孩子得到安慰)符合以上说法，故选A项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段的As a social worker using play therapy in the 1990s to help children through their cancer treatment, Amy Jandrisevits wished she could comfort her patients with dolls that bore the
41、ir all-too-familiar hair loss and surgery scars.(上世纪90年代末， Amy Jandrisevits是一名社会工作者，她利用游戏疗法帮助孩子们度过癌症治疗期，她希望能用那些有着常见的脱发和手术伤疤的玩偶来安慰她的病人)和第三段的The mom of three insisted on making each doll herself with help from her mother and a friend.(这位三个孩子的母亲坚持在她的母亲和一个朋友的帮助下自己制作每个娃娃)可推测，Amy Jandrisevits是一个热心、有决心的人，因
42、为她想通过自己努力来帮助有缺陷的孩子，并且坚持自己完成minime娃娃的制作。C. Warmhearted and determined.(热心肠且有决心)符合以上推测，故选C项。CThe Notre Dame fire has been put out, but its spire and a large portion of its wooden roof have been damaged. The terrible destruction causes a sudden sharp pain to people around the world. On Chinese social m
43、edia network Wechat a common comment on the disaster is: “What a pity that we cannot see the damaged parts of the wonder anymore.”But the good news is that there is at least one way of seeing them, namely via a video game called Assassins Creed: Unity. In this game, the player can travel to one city
44、 after another and enter the buildings exactly like what they are in reality, and see Notre Dame as it was before the fire. Further, with virtual reality technology, which is already quite mature, one can even look around the undamaged Notre Dame as if it is still there. Maybe digital technology cou
45、ld help to better protect architectural cultural heritage.The idea of digitizing ancient buildings, making digital models of them so their data can be saved, dates back to the 1990s and the necessary technology has continued to advance since then. By scanning the ancient buildings with lasers, build
46、ing 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.As computers and smartphones are hugely popular, the digital replica has great use value. First, it allows tourists to feel the cultural relics without touching them,
47、which helps protect them. The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them. Furthermore, it can make the digitized cultural relics more famous by spreading awareness about them via the Internet. In 2000, a
48、 virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years. Above all, it preserves all the information of the cultural relics. Even if the original ones are damaged one day, people can still
49、 know what they were like and can build a replica if desired.Of course, however precise a model is, it is not the original. Time is the biggest threat to a countrys architectural heritage, which will always become ruins with the passing of time. Maybe we will have better technologies in the future,
50、but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.8. What will engineers do to create a digital replica of the ancient buildings?A. Improve the technology needed.B. Scan the photos of the buildings.C Build 3D models of full size.D. Measure al
51、l the parts exactly.9. What value does a digital replica have?A. It keeps the relics safe.B. It helps to guard the relics.C. It gathers data of the relics.D. It advertises the history of the relics.10. How does the author prove the digital copy has vital practical importance?A. By comparison.B. By g
52、iving examples.C. By classification.D. By listing data.11. What is the authors attitude towards the application of digital technology?A. Doubtful.B. Ambiguous.C. Supportive.D. Conservative.【答案】8. D 9. A 10. B 11. C【解析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了虚拟现实技术目前对人类文化的保存起到的重要作用。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据“By scanning the ancient building
53、s with lasers, building 3D models with multiple images, as well as measuring everything precisely, engineers can make a copy as accurate as the real one.”（通过用激光扫描古代建筑，用多幅图像建立三维模型，以及精确地测量一切，工程师可以制作一个与实物一样精确的副本。）可知，工程师想要制造一个数字复制品需要精准地测量实物。故选D。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据“First, it allows tourists to feel the cultur
54、al relics without touching them, which helps protect them.”（首先，它可以使游客在不接触文物的情况下感受文物，这有助于保护文物。）可知，数字复制品可以保护文物。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据“The virtual tour of Dunhuang Grottoes in Gansu Province is a good example of this as tourists can view the paintings without standing near them.”（甘肃省敦煌石窟的虚拟旅游就是一个很好的例子，因为游
55、客可以在不站在他们附近的情况下观看这些画。），“In 2000, a virtual tour of the Great Wall became very popular at the Hannover World Expo, which increased the number of foreign tourists visiting the site in the following years.”（在2000年，在汉诺威世界博览会上，长城的虚拟旅游变得非常流行，这增加了外国游客在接下来的几年里访问该网站的数量。）可知，作者通过举例子的方法来说明数字复制品有重要的实用价值。故选B。【11题
56、详解】推理判断题。根据“Maybe we will have better technologies in the future, but the digital technology offers a practical way to preserve architectural cultural heritage at the moment.”（也许我们将来会有更好的技术，但数字技术为目前保护建筑文化遗产提供了一种实用的方法。）可以看出，作者是支持数字技术的应用的。故选C。DAn epidemic is the occurrence of a disease which affects a
57、 very large number of people living in an area and which spreads quickly to other people. Like infectious diseases, ideas in the academic world are spreadable. But why some travel far and wide while equally good ones remain in relative insignificance has been a mystery. Now a team of computer scient
58、ists has used an epidemiological model to imitate how ideas move from one academic institution to another. The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places, explains Allison Morgan, a computer scientist at th
59、e University of Colorado Boulder and lead author of the new study. “This implies that where an idea is born shapes how far it spreads, holding the quality of the idea constant.” says senior author Aaron Clauset, also at Boulder.Not only is this unfair - “it reveals a big weakness in how were doing s
60、cience,” says Simon DeDeo, a professor of social and decision sciences at Carnegie Mellon University, who was not involved in the study. There are many highly trained people with good ideas who do not end up at top institutions. “They are producing good ideas, and we know those ideas are getting los
61、t,” DeDeo says. “Our science, our scholarship, is not as good because of this.”The Colorado researchers analyzed an existing data set of computer science department hires in North America, as well as a database of publications by these hires. First they looked at how five big ideas in computer scien
62、ce spread to new institutions. They found that hiring a new member accounted for a little more than a third of the time - and in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- to lower-status universities. Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease mod
63、el and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution. The findings were published online last October in EPJ Data Science.The researchers model suggests
64、 that there “may be a number of quite good ideas that originate in the middle of the pack, in terms of universities,” Clauset says. DeDeo agrees. There is a lot of good work coming out of less famous places, he says: “You can learn a huge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people do
65、nt know because theyre not even paying attention.”12. The underlined word “this” in paragraph 2 refers to the fact that _.A. good ideas from less important institutions lack influence.B. the quality of the original ideas tends to be not easy to maintain.C. scholars in insignificant institutions cons
66、ider their ideas valueless.D. the time when good ideas were born decides how far they may spread.13. The case of some hires in paragraph 3 is used to indicate _.A. why the originating institutions transfer their new findings.B. the way the movements of some new ideas happen and their effects.C. how
67、they carry the ideas from lower - to higher - status institutions.D. the statistics the epidemological model provides for the researchers.14. Researchers such as Clauset are very much concerned about _.A. losing quite a number of great and creative thoughts.B. missing the opportunities of getting mo
68、re well-known.C misusing the epidemiological model in scientific research areas.D. having difficulty in finding more proper science department hires.15. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. Infectious Diseases.B. Original Ideas.C. Epidemiological Model.D. Idea Epidemic.【答
69、案】12. A 13. B 14. A 15. D【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要讲述了计算机科学家使用流行病模型模拟思想传播的方式，发现一个想法诞生的地方决定了它传播的距离。【12题详解】词句猜测题。“this”是指示代词，指代上文提到的“The model showed that ideas originating at famous institutions caused bigger “epidemics” than equally good ideas from less well-known places,”（该模型表明，源于著名机构的想法比来自不太知名的地方的同样好的想法引发的“
70、流行病”更大，）可知，来自相对不重要的机构的好的想法缺乏影响力。故选A。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段“ in 81 percent of those cases, transfers took place from higher- to lower-status universities.Then the team imitated the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the nu
71、mber of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution.”（其中81%是从地位较高的大学转到地位较低的大学。然后，该小组用传染病模型模拟想法的传播，发现一个想法“流行病”的大小（以在其起源后发表关于某个想法的研究的机构数量来衡量）取决于起源机构的地位。）可知，作者举例是用来说明一些新的想法传播的方式和它们的影响。故选B。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“You can learn a h
72、uge amount from it, and you can learn things that other people dont know because theyre not even paying attention,”有很多好作品出自不那么有名的地方，他说:“你可以从中学到很多东西，你可以学到其他人不知道的东西，因为他们甚至没有注意到。由此判断出，他们担心的是失去大量很棒的和具有创造力的想法。故选A。【15题详解】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述了计算机科学家使用流行病模型模拟思想传播的方式，发现一个想法诞生的地方决定了它传播的距离。再根据关键句“Then the team imitate
73、d the broadcasting of ideas using an infectious disease model and found that the size of an idea “epidemic” (as measured by the number of institutions that published studies on an idea after it originated) depended on the status of the originating institution.”（然后，该小组用传染病模型模拟想法的传播，发现一个想法“流行病”的大小（以在其
74、起源后发表关于某个想法的研究的机构数量来衡量）取决于起源机构的地位。）可知Idea和Epidemic是本文主题的关键词。所以短文的最佳标题为“思想传播”。故选D。第二节(共5小题；每小题2分,满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Nowadays people tend to digitalise everything from watches to fridges. It seems you can choose any item labeled as “smart”. _16_. However, there are plenty t
75、hat can be used to reduce emissions and save money.If youre a part of the digitalisation movement，you might be interested in the concept of smart homes. It means that every element of your house can be controlled from a panel on the wall or your phone._17_. Use your mobile to power them on or off，an
76、d you may feel truly modern or truly lazy. Aside from the benefits of living a more comfortable life, this presents an opportunity to cut down on your electrical bills.Electricity generation today represents 31% of total global fossil fuel use and around 40% of all energy-related CO2 emissions._18_
77、It is considered as the first step to prevent global climate change. Connect a smart thermometer to the heating and cooling system and set a specific temperature at which the heating begins to work. Doing so, the room will be at a desired temperature when necessary and switches on a power-saving mod
78、e when not occupied. Similarly, by installing a CO2 sensor, you can have an automated ventilation (通风) system._19_.In a 150,000m2 office complex near Munich， called Campeon, energy costs of up to 117,067 Euro were saved after the use of environmental control devices this year. In this way, they are
79、contributing to a large decrease in CO2 emissions. Clearly, smart homes are about much more than just living a comfortable life._20_.A. It is actually about living a green lifeB. Smart devices have been installed worldwide nowadaysC. It starts working only when CO2 concentrations reach a certain lim
80、itD. There seem to be an ocean of such so-called “smart” inventionsE. Bearing this in mind, measures should be taken to make buildings more energy-efficientF. Alternative energy must be discovered before the fossil fuel runs out in the futureG. This includes basics such as heating and lighting and m
81、any other appliances【答案】16. D 17. G 18. E 19. C 20. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文。如今，人们倾向于将从手表到冰箱的所有东西数字化。看起来你可以选择任何标有“智能”的商品。然而，有很多方法可以用来减少排放和节约资金。文章就这个问题进行了说明。【16题详解】根据上文提示“看起来你可以选择任何标有“智能”的商品。”承接上文，D项There seem to be an ocean of such so-called “smart” inventions.（这种所谓的“智能”发明似乎有很多。）切题。此处关键词smart，故选D。【17题详解】上文提示“这
82、意味着你的房子的每一个元素都可以通过墙上的面板或手机来控制。”承接上文，G项This includes basics such as heating and lighting and many other appliances.（这包括基本的供暖、照明和许多其他电器。）切题。该项中的This与上文中的every element相吻合。故选G。【18题详解】下文提示“它被认为是预防全球气候变化的第一步。”承接下文，E. Bearing this in mind, measures should be taken to make buildings more energy-efficient.（考
83、虑到这一点，应该采取措施使建筑物更节能。）切题。该项中的measures should be taken与下文的the first step相吻合。故选E。【19题详解】上文提示“同样，通过安装二氧化碳传感器，你可以拥有一个自动通风系统。”承接上文，C项It starts working only when CO2 concentrations reach a certain limit.（只有当二氧化碳浓度达到一定限度时，它才开始工作。）切题。故选C。【20题详解】上文提示“显然，智能家居不仅仅是舒适的生活。”承接上文，A项It is actually about living a gree
84、n life.（它实际上是关于过一种绿色的生活。）切题。故选A。第三部分: 语言知识运用（共三节，满分45分）第一节 完形填空 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。There are many theories about the beginning of drama in ancient Greece. The one most widely accepted today is based on the _21_ that drama evolved from ritual( 宗教仪式
85、). The argument for this view goes as follows. In the beginning, human beings _22_ the natural forces of the world -even the seasonal changes-as unpredictable, and they sought through various means to _23_ these unknown and feared powers. Those measures which appeared to _24_ the desired results wer
86、e then kept and repeated until they changed into _25_ rituals. _26_ stories arose which explained or masked the mysteries of the rituals. As times passed, some rituals were _27_, but the stories, later called myths, continued to exist and provided material for art and drama.Those who believed that d
87、rama evolved out of ritual also argue that those rituals contained the _28_ of theatre because music, dance, masks, and _29_ were almost always used. _30_, a suitable site had to be provided for performances and _31_the entire community did not participate, a(n) _32_ division was usually made betwee
88、n the “area of acting” and the “area in which an audience sits”. Besides, there were performers, and, since considerable importance was _33_ to avoiding mistakes in the practice of rituals, religious leaders usually _34_ that task. Wearing masks and costumes, they often imitated (模仿) other people, a
89、nimals, or supernatural beings, and mimed (用哑剧表演出) the _35_ effectsuccess in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun- _36_ an actor might. Eventually such dramatic representatives were separated from _37_ activities.Another theory traces the theaters origin from the human interest in
90、 _38_. According to this view, tales about the hunt, war or other things are told and gradually spread. _39_ through the use of action and dialogue by a narrator and then through the assumption of each of the roles by a different person. A closely related theory traces theater to those dances that a
91、re primarily gymnastic or that are _40_ of animal movements and sounds.21. A. backgroundB. assumptionC. evidenceD. theory22. A. viewedB. employedC. clarifiedD. dismissed23. A. takeB. possessC. guaranteeD. control24. A. startB. showC. bringD. continue25. A. usualB. directC. convincingD. fixed26. A. A
92、pparentlyB. ActuallyC. EventuallyD. Naturally27. A. spreadB. abandonedC. followedD. celebrated28. A. seedB. contentC. mythD. history29. A. costumesB. routinesC. instructionsD. performances30. A. As a resultB. In factC. On the contraryD. In addition31. A. whenB. howC. unlessD. while32. A. deepB. equa
93、lC. clearD. extra33. A. attachedB. relatedC. committedD. tied34. A. put upB. took upC. took onD. put on35. A. unexpectedB. unpredictedC. preparedD. desired36. A. wheneverB. asC. whateverD. so37. A. socialB. politicalC. economicD. religious38. A. accountsB. story-tellingC. descriptionsD. drama-writin
94、g39. A. at that timeB. at a timeC. at firstD. at once40. A. imitationsB. creaturesC. presentationsD. exhibitions【答案】21. B 22. A 23. D 24. C 25. D 26. C 27. B 28. A 29. A 30. D 31. A 32. C 33. A 34. C 35. D 36. B 37. D 38. B 39. C 40. A【解析】本文是说明文。关于古希腊戏剧的起源存在着多种理论，本文主要介绍了其中一种理论假设：戏剧是从宗教仪式演化而来的，并顺带提到另
95、外两种理论假设。21题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：今天最为广泛接受的一个理论是基于戏剧是从宗教仪式演化而来的假设。A. background背景；B. assumption 假定；假设；C. evidence 证据；D. theory 理论。根据后文“that drama evolved from ritual”可知这个理论认为戏剧是从宗教仪式演化而来的，这只是一种假设，故选B项。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：一开始，人类把世界上的自然力量，甚至季节的变化都看作是不可预测的。A. viewed看待；B. employed雇佣； C. clarified 澄清；D. dismissed
96、 解散；解雇。根据后文“ as unpredictable”可知人类巴把这些都看作是不可预测的，viewas是固定搭配，意为“”把看作是”符合句意，故选A项。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们试图通过各种方式去控制这些未知的、令人恐惧的力量。 A. take 拿；B. possess 持有；C. guarantee保证；担保；D. control 控制。根据后文“these unknown and feared powers”可知这些力量是未知的令人恐惧的，所以人类想要通过仪式来控制它们，选D项。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：那些似乎带来了想要的结果的措施被保存并被重复（使用）
97、，直到它们变成了固定的宗教仪式。 A. start开始； B. show 显示；C. bring 带来；D. continue 继续。根据后文“the desired results”可知有些方法措施带来了人们想要的结果，故选C项。【25题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：那些似乎带来了想要的结果的措施被保存并重复（使用），直到它们变成了固定的仪式。 A. usual通常的；B. direct直接的；C. convincing令人信服的； D. fixed 固定的。根据前文“were then kept and repeated”可知那些似乎带来了想要的结果的措施被保存并重复（使用）, 如果一
98、直被重复使用，那么这些措施会被固定下来，变成固定的仪式，故选D项。【26题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：最终出现了解释或掩盖这些仪式的神秘的故事。A. Apparently明显地；B. Actually 事实上；C. Eventually 最终； D. Naturally 自然地；天生地。根据“stories arose”可知最后出现了一些关于这些仪式的故事，故选C项。【27题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：随着时间的推移，一些仪式被废弃了，但后来被称为神话的故事继续存在，并为艺术和戏剧提供了素材。 A. spread传播；B. abandoned放弃；遗弃； C. followed跟随； D.
99、 celebrated 庆祝。根据后文“but the stories, later called myths, continued to exist”可知但后来被称为神话的故事继续存在。根据But可知后文与空格处形成转折对比，说明有些仪式是被放弃了，但关于这些仪式的故事还在，故选B项。【28题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些相信戏剧从宗教仪式演化而来的人还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的萌芽，因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎经常被使用。A. seed 种子；起源；开端；B. content内容；C. myth 神话；D. history 历史。根据后文“because music, dance, m
100、asks, and costumes were almost always used”可知这些宗教仪式用到了音乐，舞蹈，面具和表演服装，所以这些人认为这些仪式是戏剧的萌芽或者说起源，故选A项。【29题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：那些相信戏剧从宗教仪式演化而来的人还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的萌芽，因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎总是被使用。A. costumes表演服装；B. routines日常路线；C. instructions 说明；D. performances 表演。根据后文“Wearing masks and costumes”可知仪式中人们会穿面具和表演服装，故选A项。【30题详解】
101、考查词组辨析。句意：此外，必须为演出提供一个合适的场地。A. As a result结果；B. In fact 事实上；C. On the contrary相反地是；D. In addition 此外。根据后文“a suitable site had to be provided for performances”可知必须为演出提供一个合适的场地，与前文“那些相信戏剧从宗教仪式演化而来的人还认为那些仪式包含了戏剧的萌芽，因为音乐、舞蹈、面具和服装几乎总是被使用。”之间是递进关系，故选D项。【31题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：当不是整个社区都参加演出的时候，通常在“演出区”和“观众座位区”之间
102、划分出明显的分界。A. when当时候；B. how怎么；怎样；C. unless除非； D. while 虽然；然而；当时候。当不是整个社区都参加演出的时候，通常在“演出区”和“观众座位区”之间划分出明显的分界。故选A项。【32题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：当不是整个社区都参加演出的时候，通常在“演出区”和“观众座位区”之间划分出明显的分界。 A. deep 深的；B. equal 平等的；C. clear 明显的；D. extra 额外的。根据后文“area of acting” and the “area in which an audience sits”可知有“演出区”和“观众座
103、位区”，这两个分区差别很大，所以要有一个明显的分界，故选C项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：此外，仪式中还有演员，而且由于在仪式的执行中避免错误是相当重要的，所以通常由宗教领袖承担这个任务。 A. attached赋予；B. related涉及；相关；C. committed 犯罪；自杀；D. tied 扣；系。根据后文“religious leaders usually that task”可知通常由宗教领袖承担这个任务，这说明在仪式的执行中避免错误这件事被赋予了重要性，并且importance be attached to实际由词组（attach importance to。高度重
104、视.）变化而来符合语境，故选A项。【34题详解】考查词组辨析。句意：此外，仪式中还有演员，而且由于在仪式的执行中避免错误是相当重要的，所以通常由宗教领袖承担这个任务。 A. put up建造；张贴； B. took up 拿起；开始；C. took on 从事；承担； D. put on 穿上，戴上。根据前文“onsiderable importance was attached to avoiding mistakes in the practice of rituals”可知在仪式中避免错误的发生被认为是相当重要的，所以通常由宗教领袖承担这个任务，故选C项。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析
105、。句意：他们常常戴着面具，穿着戏服，像演员一样模仿其他人、动物或超自然生灵，并用哑剧表演出想要的结果打猎或战斗的胜利、即将来临的雨、太阳的复活。 A. unexpected 出乎意料的；B. unpredicted 不可预测的； C. prepared准备好的；D. desired 渴望的。根据后文“success in hunt or battle, the coming rain, the revival of the Sun-”可知仪式中表演出来的效果有打猎或战斗的胜利、即将来临的雨、太阳的复活，胜利，雨和阳光都是人类所渴望的想要的，故选D项。【36题详解】考查连词词义辨析。句意：他们常
106、常戴着面具，穿着戏服，像演员一样模仿其他人、动物或超自然生灵，并用哑剧表演出想要的结果打猎或战斗的胜利、即将来临的雨、太阳的复活。 A. whenever 不管什么时候；B. as 像一样；C. whatever 无论什么；D. so 所以。根据前文“Wearing masks and costumes, they often imitated other people, animals, or supernatural beings, and mimed the desired effect”可知他们常常戴着面具，穿着戏服，模仿其他人、动物或超自然生灵，并用哑剧表演出想要的结果。演员也会戴面
107、具穿戏服并表演，所以这些人执行仪式时就像演员一样，故选B项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。 句意：最终，这些戏剧性的表演从宗教活动中脱离出来。 A. social社交的；B. political 政治上的；C. economic 经济的；D. religious 宗教的；信教的。这些戏剧性的表演实际都是宗教仪式，故选D项。【38题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一种理论认为戏剧的起源源于人们对讲故事的兴趣。 A. accounts 账目；账单；B. story-telling 讲故事；说书；C. descriptions描述；D. drama-writing 戏剧创作。根据后文“Accor
108、ding to this view, tales about the hunt, war or other things are told and gradually spread.”可知根据这个理论，故事（关于狩猎，战争和其他）是先被讲述并逐渐被传播，也就是该理论认为戏剧的起源跟人们对讲故事的兴趣有关。故选B项。【39题详解】考查词组辨析。句意：首先，通过一个讲解人来模仿、表演和对话，然后再由不同的人扮演各自的角色。 A. at that time 那时；B. at a time每次；一次；C. at first 首先；D. at once 立刻；马上。根据“then”可知这里是关于顺序问题
109、的，故选C项。【40题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：另一个与之紧密相连的理论将戏剧的起源追溯至舞蹈，这些舞蹈大体上是体操式的那一类，或者是对动物动作和声音的模仿。 A. imitations 仿制；仿品；B. creatures 生物；C. presentations 陈述；D. exhibitions展览。根据后文“of animal movements and sounds.”可知这些舞蹈是对动物动作和声音的模仿，故选A项。第二节语法填空From smooth conference calls in a _41_(crowd) train station to live broadcast
110、s of town hall meetings and lightning-quick downloads of high-resolution(高清晰的) movies, Shanghais superfast 5G network is turning technological dreams into reality.In the latest _42_(develop), the citys Hongqiao Railway Station, one of Asias _43_(big) traffic centers, has launched a 5G network. It wi
111、ll allow passengers _44_(experience) data speeds up to 100 times faster than _45_ is available now. The railway stations 5G network, the result of teaming up with telecommunication equipment maker Huawei Technologies,_46_(see) as a milestone in Shanghais commercial 5G arrangement to become a dual-gi
112、gaband city, with gigabit(千兆位)network speeds on mobile as well as fixed networks.As the 5G era _47_(approach), one of the key concerns for telecom operators will be how they can use 5G networks to meet the needs of high-density areas with thousands of people simultaneously(同时)_48_(use) the network t
113、o make phone calls, access the Internet and make mobile payments.China Mobiles Shanghai branch tapped Huaweis 5G Digital Indoor System, which is currently _49_industrys only commercially available system for 5G indoor coverage. The product, developed in Shanghai, is now ready _50_mass delivery.【答案】4
114、1. crowded 42. development 43. biggest 44. to experience 45. what 46. is seen 47. approaches 48. using 49. the 50. for【解析】这是一篇说明文。本文主要介绍了上海虹桥火车站携手华为建设5G网络，步入千兆网络运行时代。【41题详解】考查形容词。句意：从拥挤的火车站里流畅的电话会议到市政厅会议的现场直播，再到高清电影的快速下载，上海的超高速5G网络正在将技术梦想变成现实。设空处修饰名词短语train station，所以前面应用形容词，因此将crowd转化为形容词形式，故填crowd
115、ed。【42题详解】考查名词。句意：最新发展是，该市虹桥火车站，作为全亚洲最大的交通枢纽之一，已经推出了5G网络。设空处前有形容词latest修饰，应用名词形式，所以将develop转化为名词形式，故填development。【43题详解】考查形容词的比较级。句意：最新发展是，该市虹桥火车站，作为全亚洲最大的交通枢纽之一，已经推出了5G网络。根据上文中的one of可知，此处表示最高级含义，所以应用形容词的最高级形式。故填biggest。【44题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：它能让乘客体验到比当前快100倍的数据传输速度。此处allow sb. to do sth. 意为允许某人做某事，固定搭配，
116、故填to experience。【45题详解】考查名词性从句。句意为：它能让乘客体验到比当前快100倍的数据传输速度。分析句子结构可知，设空处引导宾语从句,从句缺少主语,且指传输速度，故填what。【46题详解】考查动词的时态和语态及主谓一致。 句意：该火车站的5G网络是与电信设备制造商华为技术公司合作的结果，被视为上海5G商业建设双千兆城市计划的里程碑，在移动和固定网络上具有千兆网络速度。分析句子结构可知，设空处在句中作谓语，本句主语为5G network，为单数概念，且与see之间为被动关系，又因上下文语境可知，此处叙述一般事实情况，所以要用一般现在时的被动语态,故填is seen。【47
117、题详解】考查动词的时态和主谓一致。 句意：随着5G时代的临近，电信运营商关注的一个主要问题是他们如何利用5G网络满足高密度区域的需求。分析句子结构可知，as为连词，设空处填入谓语动词形式，5G时代已经来临并在继续发展，陈述事实，所以应用一般现在时，主语the 5G era为第三人称单数形式，故填approaches。【48题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：随着5G时代的临近，电信运营商关注的一个主要问题是他们如何利用5G网络满足高密度区域的需求，成千上万的人同时使用网络打电话，上网和移动网络付款。此句谓语动词为 will be，所以use不能做谓语动词，又因与people为主动关系，所以应该用us
118、ing，故填using。【49题详解】考查冠词。句意：中国移动上海分公司采用了华为的5G数字室内系统，该系统是5G网络行业目前唯一的商用5G室内覆盖系统。根据第一段的 “Shanghais superfast 5G network is turning technological dreams into reality.”可知，上海的超高速5G网络正在将技术梦想变成现实。设空处特指5G network，所以应用定冠词，表特指，故填the。【50题详解】考查固定搭配。句意：该产品是在上海开发的，现在准备批量交付。be ready for表示为作准备，为固定搭配，故填for。第四部分：写作（共两节
119、，满分35分）第一节 短文改错（共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）51.假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处错误，句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏词符号（），并在此符号下面写出该加的词。删除：把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。Plogging is a new fitness trend what combines jogging with picking up litter
120、. Since it was creating in Sweden, it has swept across the world. Plogging have many advantages. To begin with, with some bending and arm strength requiring to hold all the garbage while plogging, you will work out very efficiently than just jogging. Secondly, plogging is suitable for all ages. You
121、just need to carry the garbage bag as well as a pair of gloves. Furthermore, there is no doubt that plogging will lead to a cleaner environment and a better world to live. In short, plogging is of benefit to our health or it will bring about great changes to your environment.Lets take actions from n
122、ow on and do our bits.【答案】1. what which/that2. creating created3. have has4. requiring required5. very more6. the a7. live后加in8. or and9. your our10. actions action【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。介绍了跑步捡垃圾运动的各种好处。【详解】1. 考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，句子“what combines jogging with picking up litter”修饰名词“Plogging”，是定语从句，先行词“Plogging
123、”指物，在从句中作主语，关系词应该用which/that。故将what改为which/that。2. 考查被动语态。由语境可知，动词“create”与主语it（Plogging）之间是被动关系，应该用被动语态：be+动词过去分词。故将creating改为created。3. 考查主谓一致。主语是“Plogging”，本句在描述客观事实，故时态是一般现在时，因此谓语动词应该用一般现在时的单三形式。故将have改为has。4. 考查非谓语动词。动词“require”与逻辑主语“arm strength”之间是被动关系，因此非谓语动词形式应该用过去分词。故将requiring改为required。5
124、. 考查比较级。根据关键词“than”可知是比较级，根据比较级结构应该是more+副词“efficiently”。故将very改为more。6. 考查冠词。此处的“garbage bag”是泛指，定冠词the表示特指；且“garbage bag”发音不是以元音音素开头，因此选不定冠词a。故将the改为a。7. 考查固定搭配。分析句子成分可知，“a better world”作动词“live”的宾语，live是不及物动词，需要加介词in后再接宾语。故将live后加in。8. 考查连词。句意：总之，跑步捡垃圾对我们的健康有好处，会给我们的环境带来巨大的变化。由语境可知，前后句之间是并列关系。故将o
125、r改为and。9. 考查代词。句意：总之，跑步捡垃圾对我们的健康有好处，会给我们的环境带来巨大的变化。由前一句中的“our health”和语境可知，此处指的是“给我们的环境带来巨大的改变”。故将your改为our。10. 考查名词。短语take action意为“采取行动”；action意为“行动”时，是不可数名词。故将actions改为action。【点睛】担当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。被定语从句修饰的名词或代词等称为先行词，先行词一般出现在定语从句之前，有时先行词是整个句子。关系词可以指代先行词，在从句中作成分，因此在从句中不能再重复先行词或指先行词的代词。在限制性定语从句中，关系代词
126、that和which都可以指代先行词为物的名词，在从句中都可以作主语、宾语。如本题第一处改错，先行词是“Plogging”，指物，在从句中作主语，因此关系词应该用which/that。第二节 书面表达（满分25分）52.假定你是李华，你所在的学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致敬奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你根据下列要点写封信用于投稿。1.表达谢意；2.个人感受；3.表达信心。注意：1.词数100左右；2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。参考词汇: 流行病 epidemic 疫情 epidemic situation 新型冠状病毒 novel corona virus_【答案】De
127、ar Medical workers,I am Li Hua, a high middle school student in Shanxi. Im writing to express sincere gratitude to you all for your devotion and sacrifice in this battle against the Novel Corona Virus. In this epidemic, it is you who, despite the lack of equipment and the potential of infection, des
128、perately rescue those infected but striving for life. It is also you who have shed new light on the virus with expertise to build up our confidence to defeat it. It is you who deserve all the admiration and love .I can never express our thankfulness too much for your selfless contribution. Its widel
129、y believed that our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery.Good luck and stay well.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲类写作。【详解】第1步：根据提示可知，假定你是李华，你所在的学校要征集一封英文感谢信，以致敬奋战在抗击新型冠状病毒肺炎第一线的医护人员，请你根据下列要点写封信用于投稿。1.表达谢意；2.个人感受； 3.表达信心。第2步：根据写作要求，确定关键词（组）：express sincere gratitude (表
130、达诚挚的感谢)；devotion (风险)；novel corona virus (新型冠状病毒)；epidemic(流行病)；the lack of(缺乏)等。第3步：根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。此处文章主要应用一般现在时。第4步：连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，保持整洁美观的卷面是非常重要的。【点睛】范文内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当。作者在范文中使用了较多高级表达方式，如In this epidemic, it is you who, despite the lack of equipment and the potential of infection, desperately rescue those infected but striving for life.运用了强调句；Its widely believed that our joint efforts China will win the battle and make a quick recovery运用了it做形式主语。全文中没有中国式英语的句式，显示了很高的驾驭英语的能力。另外文章思路清晰、层次分明，上下句转换自然，为文章增色添彩。