1、山东省烟台市2021届高三英语诊断性测试试题（含解析）注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考生号等填写在答题卡和试卷指定位置上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷上无效。3.考试结束后，只交答题卡。第一部分 阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节 （共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ADespite the lack of new releases due to the outbreak
2、 of COVID-19, there was no shortage of good films in 2020. Weve rounded out the top 4 films. Check them out!SoulIn the first Pixar cartoon to have an African-American lead character. Jamie Foxx provides the voice of a music teacher who dreams of making it as a jazz pianist. But just after a successf
3、ul interview, he falls down a manhole and finds himself in a soul world where human spirits are assigned their personalities. And things get even stranger from there.NomadlandWhen Fern loses her husband and cant afford to live in a house, she packs her few belongings into a camper and drives off int
4、o the Nevada desert. She encounters a large community of senior citizens who have also been forced to live on the road, supporting themselves with short-term- jobs along the way. What makes Nomadland unique is that while Fern is played by an Oscar-winning actress, nearly all she meets are real peopl
5、e who relate their own experiences. Written and directed by Chloe Zhao, the film is a combination of documentary and fiction.The Croods: A New AgeThe prehistoric family from 2013s hugely enjoyable cartoon, The Croods, directed by Joel Crawford, makes a welcome return, so we can expect more crazy adv
6、entures and unusual animals. In the much-delayed- sequel, they meet another family, the Bettermans, whose advanced lifestyle and technology make the Croods look even more primitive than they did already. Theres conflict but they learn to appreciate each others differences.Wolfwalkers The years fines
7、t cartoon film comes from Cartoon Saloon, an Irish studio specialising in stylised hand-drawn 2D art. Its latest production is set in the mid-17th Century, when English soldiers are trying to occupy the wild woods. One hunters daughter meets with a girl wolfwalker and they make joint efforts to resc
8、ue the forest. Its a heartwarming story of friendship and an inspiring adventure about two girls finding themselves Wolfwalkers stands proud as new classic.1. What is the film Soul about?A. pianists dream coming true.B. A musicians romantic journeys.C. A music teachers unusual experiences.D. An Afri
9、can-American actors success story.2. Which movie will you go to if you are interested in the wandering life?A. Soul.B. Nomnadland.C. The Croods: A New Age.D. Wolfwalkers.3. In which column of the website could we read this text?A. Science.B. History.C. Entertainment.D. Medicine.【答案】1. C 2. B 3. C【解析
10、】【分析】这是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了四部电影的情况以及大概故事情节。1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中“In the first Pixar cartoon to have an African-American lead character. Jamie Foxx provides the voice of a music teacher who dreams of making it as a jazz pianist. But just after a successful interview, he falls down a manhole and finds himself in
11、 a soul world where human spirits are assigned their personalities.(这是皮克斯第一部以非裔美国人为主角的动画片。Jamie Foxx为一名梦想成为爵士钢琴家的音乐教师配音。但就在一次成功的面试后，他掉进了一个下水道，发现自己进入了一个灵魂世界，在那里，人的灵魂被赋予了个性)”可知，电影Soul讲的是一位音乐教师的不同寻常的经历。故选C。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段中“When Fern loses her husband and cant afford to live in a house, she packs her
12、few belongings into a camper and drives off into the Nevada desert. She encounters a large community of senior citizens who have also been forced to live on the road, supporting themselves with short-term- jobs along the way.(当Fern失去了她的丈夫，无法负担住在房子里的费用时，她把她仅有的几样东西装进了一辆露营车里，驶向了内华达州的沙漠。她遇到了一大群老年人，他们也被迫
13、住在路上，靠沿途的短期工作养活自己)”可知，如果你对流浪生活感兴趣，你可以去看Nomnadland。故选B。【3题详解】推理判断题。根据第一段中“Despite the lack of new releases due to the outbreak of COVID-19, there was no shortage of good films in 2020. Weve rounded out the top 4 films.(尽管由于COVID-19的爆发，没有新电影上映，但2020年的好电影并不短缺。我们列出了四部排名靠前的电影)”结合文章主要介绍了四部电影的情况以及大概故事情节。可推
14、知，文章可能选自网站的“娱乐”一栏。故选C。BMost teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager has won the hon
15、or of “Americas Top Young Scientist”.In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the citys primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their wa
16、y into peoples drinking water.After two months research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess(女神) of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water con
17、tains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.Later, Rao took on another social issue-drug addiction. Her app, calle
18、d Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before its too late. More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which uses artificial intelligence technology to detect poss
19、ible signs of cyberbullying(网上欺凌). When users type in a word or phrase, Kindly is able to pick it up if its bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.All kinds of awesome
20、, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees(被提名人) for TIME Magazines first-ever “Kid of the Year”.4. What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?A. The incident of lead pollution.B. The issue with drug addiction.C. The shortage of water supplies.D. The high cos
21、t of purifying water.5. What is Rao expecting of Tethys?A. Itll remove metal from water.B. Itll make it to market soon.C. Itll win her a higher prize.D. Itll be fitted to cellphones.6. What will Kindly allow users to do?A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat.B. Input words into a computer automati
22、cally.C. Choose from secure social networking sites.D. Weigh their words before posting them online.7. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?A. Ambitious and humble.B. Optimistic and adventurous.C. Talkative and outstanding.D. Creative and productive.【答案】4. A 5.
23、 B 6. D 7. D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文。青少年发明家Gitanjali Rao从10岁开始就一直在为解决世界问题而想出各种创新解决方案，本文介绍了她的三种发明和她所获得的荣誉。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第二段“In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as
24、 the citys primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into peoples drinking water.”（在上三年级时，拉奥目睹了密歇根州弗林特市发生的一件令人震惊的事情，他受此启发设计了一个装置。弗林特市的成本削减措施导致一条被污染的河流成为该市的主要水源，人们的饮用水中铅的含量高得令人难以置信。）并结合文章下一段关键句“Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess of freshwater, it attaches to a cellpho
25、ne and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead.”（它被命名为Tethys，取自希腊的淡水女神。它附着在手机上，通过应用程序通知居民他们的饮用水是否含铅。）可知，铅污染事故使得Rao萌发出发明Tethys装置的想法。故选A项。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第三段关键句“She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys potential and hopes the devi
26、ce will be ready for commercial use by 2022.”（她目前正在与科学家和医学专业人士合作，测试Tethys的潜力，并希望该设备能在2022年投入商业使用。）可知，Rao希望Tethys能够尽快投入市场。故选B项。【6题详解】细节理解题。根据文章倒数第二段关键句“When users type in a word or phrase. Kindly is able to pick it up if its bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is.
27、It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.”（当用户输入一个单词或短语时，Kindly能够识别出它是否具有欺侮性，然后它会提供编辑或按其方式发送的选项。这给了他们重新思考自己所说的话的机会，这样他们就知道下次该怎么做了。）可知，Kindly让用户在发表自己的话语之前，先衡量下他们的话语是否合适。故选D项。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据文中第二段“In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a devi
28、ce after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan”（在上三年级时，拉奥目睹了密歇根州弗林特市发生的一件令人震惊的事情，她受此启发设计了一个装置）描述Gitanjali Rao通过目睹的一场事故从而发明了一种装置可知，Rao是富有创造力的；又根据她发明的“Tethys”,“Epione”及“Kindly”并结合文章第一段关键句“The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since sh
29、e was ten.”（这个15岁的女孩从10岁起就一直在为世界各地的问题想出创新解决方案。）可知，她又是一个多产的发明家。故选D项。COne in five children starting primary school in the UK are overweight. By the time they leave school, that figure will rise to one in three. The chance of them being overweight in adulthood, which brings range of associated health r
30、isks, is high, at 50-75%.The root cause of diet-related fatness is no secret: an energy imbalance between the quantity of food being consumed and the level of physical activity being conducted. Addressing this imbalance needs to be, in part, a review of our diet. More fresh ingredients(原料) especiall
31、y fruit and vegetables, less processed foods and fewer additives(添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet.The Department of Health has recognized that a collective approach, rather than just individual behavior change, is a successful way of achieving this. Universal adjustments li
32、ke a blanket decrease in sugar content influence the way we eat through the choices available to us.Applying this approach to school kitchens makes sense. They have an important role to play in maintaining healthy diets. Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial add
33、itives makes a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school.Its an area the Soil Association consistently works to handle through its Food for Life program -working with schools to transform food culture, improve food education and encourage lasting changes to the way schools think abo
34、ut food. It works. In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools.One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients. It enco
35、urages local seasonal produce and, at silver or gold level, requires a commitment to environmentally friendly produce. At its heart, the award is designed to support health and enhance food understanding.Over 50% of English primary schools have such an award, already, -serving around 1.7 million mea
36、ls each day to over10.000 schools and its a figure well see grow.8. What does the underlined word “addressing” in paragraph 2 mean?A. TacklingB. Ignoring.C. Maintaining.D. Postponing.9. Which approach will work for students to build balanced diet?A. Stopping them eating alone in schools.B. Getting t
37、hem aware of the harm of fatness.C. Ensuring healthy recipes on school menus.D. Increasing the availability and flavor of food.10. What can we say about the Food for Life program?A. Its a heavy load on schools.B. Its complicated to operate.C Its a temporary project.D. Its fruitful attempt.11. Which
38、type of food may the Food for Life Served Here award promote?A. Sugary snacks.B. First-class sausages.C. High-quality imported beef.D. Freshly picked organic beans.【答案】8. A 9. C 10. D 11. D【解析】【分析】本文一篇说明文。文章介绍了英国小学采取一系列方式建立均衡饮食。【8题详解】词义猜测题。根据后文“More fresh ingredients(原料) especially fruit and vegetab
39、les, less processed foods and fewer additives(添加剂) are all important factors in building a balanced diet.”（更多的新鲜食材，尤其是水果和蔬菜，更少的加工食品和更少的添加剂都是建立均衡饮食的重要因素。）可知，本句是解决不均衡的办法，所以addressing指的是“解决”。故选A项。【9题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Offering a school menu packed with fresh ingredients and without artificial additives mak
40、es a direct and effective impact on what children eat at school.”（提供一份充满新鲜食材和没有人工添加剂的学校菜单对孩子们在学校的饮食有直接和有效的影响。）可知，确保学校菜单上有健康的食谱可以帮助学生建立均衡的饮食。故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“In Food for Life schools, pupils are a third less likely to eat no fruit or vegetables than those in comparison schools.”（在“终身饮食”学校，学生不吃
41、水果或蔬菜的可能性比其他学校的学生低三分之一。）可知，关于“生命之粮”计划是一次卓有成效的尝试。故选D项。【11题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第二段“One way for schools to get involved is a Food for Life Served Here award, which means at least 75% of dishes are prepared on site using fresh ingredients.”（学校参与其中的一种方式是在这里提供终身服务的食物奖，这意味着至少75%的菜肴是现场用新鲜的食材制作的。）可知，终身服务的食物奖推广的是新鲜的
42、食物。故选D项。DThe flight of butterflies has so far been somewhat of a secret to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to their body size. Now researchers at Lund University in Sweden have studied the aerodynamics(空气动力) of butterflies in the wind tunnel(风洞). The results suggest
43、 that butterflies use a highly helpful clap technique, therefore making use of their unique wings. This helps them rapidly take off when escaping natural enemies.The researchers studied the wingbeats of freely flying butterflies during takeoff in the wind tunnel. During the upward process, the wings
44、 cup, creating an air-filled pocket between them. When the wings strike each other, the air is forced out, resulting in a backward strong stream of air that pushes the butterflies forward. The downward wingbeat has another function: the butterflies stay in the air and do not fall to the ground.The w
45、ings striking was described by researchers almost 50 years ago, but it is only in this study that the theory has been tested on real butterflies in free flight. Until now, it has been generally believed that butterfly wings are aerodynamically inefficient. However, the researchers suggest that the o
46、pposite is actually true.“That the wings are cupped when butterflies clap them together, makes the wing clap much more effective. It is an elegant mechanism that is far more advanced than we imagined, and it is fascinating,” says biology researcher Per Henningsson, who studied the butterflies aerody
47、namics. “The results of the study could help inspire improved performance and flight technology in small unmanned aircraft,” he continues.In addition to studying the butterflies, the researchers designed mechanical wings that are modeled on real ones. The shape and flexibility of the mechanical wing
48、s as they are cupped and folded confirm the efficiency. Their measurements show that the pushing force created by the flexible wings is 22 percent higher and the efficiency 28 percent better compared to if the wings had been rigid.12. What does the researchers study focus on?A. The butterflys body s
49、ize.B. The butterflys flying principle.C. The butterflys escape technique.D. The butterflys frequency of wingbeats.13. For what purpose do butterfly wings strike?A. To empty the air pocket for forward force.B. To release their additional energy.C. To circle steadily in the air.D. To form an air pock
50、et.14. Why were the mechanical wings made?A. They might draw public attention.B. They could be used to test the findings.C. Theyd show results in line with popular belief.D. They helped avoid experimenting on live butterflies.15. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. New Disco
51、veries Are Made Based on AerodynamicsB. Flexible Wings Boost Plane Making IndustryC. Butterfly Wing Clap Explains Secret of FlightD. Butterfly Adapts Itself to the Wild Survival【答案】12. B 13. A 14. B 15. C【解析】【分析】本文是一篇科技文。文章主要通过研究解答了蝴蝶拍翅说明飞行的秘密。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“The flight of butterflies has so far
52、been somewhat of a secret to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to their body size.Now researchers at Lund University in Sweden have studied the aerodynamics(空气动力) of butterflies in the wind tunnel(风洞).”（到目前为止，蝴蝶的飞行对研究人员来说还是一个秘密，因为它们的翅膀相对于它们的体型来说是非常大和宽阔的。现在，瑞典隆德大学的研究人员
53、已经研究了蝴蝶在风洞中的空气动力学。）可知，研究人员的研究重点是蝴蝶的飞行原理。故选B项。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“When the wings strike each other, the air is forced out, resulting in a backward strong stream of air that pushes the butterflies forward.”（当蝴蝶的翅膀相互撞击时，空气被挤出，产生一股强大的向后气流，推动蝴蝶前进。）可知，蝴蝶翅膀撞击的目的是清空气穴以获得前进的力量。故选A项。【14题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“mechani
54、cal wings that are modeled on real ones. The shape and flexibility of the mechanical wings as they are cupped and folded confirm the efficiency. Their measurements show that the pushing force created by the flexible wings is 22 percent higher and the efficiency 28 percent better compared to if the w
55、ings had been rigid.”（除了研究蝴蝶，研究人员还模仿真实的蝴蝶设计了机械翅膀。机械机翼的形状和灵活性，因为他们是杯状和折叠确认效率。他们的测量结果显示，与刚性机翼相比，柔性机翼产生的推力提高了22%，效率提高了28%。）可推断，制造机械机翼可以用来测试这些发现。故选B项。【15题详解】主旨大意题。根据第一段“The flight of butterflies has so far been somewhat of a secret to researchers, given their unusually large and broad wings relative to
56、their body size.”（到目前为止，蝴蝶的飞行对研究人员来说还是一个秘密，因为它们的翅膀相对于它们的体型来说是非常大和宽阔的。）及全文可知，本文主要是解答蝴蝶拍翅说明飞行的秘密。故选C项。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Earth Hour is organized by the World Wide Fund for Nature. Its a big event usually at the end of March every year. On this evening,
57、people “go dark”. _16_Its true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power._17_On one level, joining in Earth Hour makes people think about the problem of climate change and what we can do in everyday life to protect nature.But on another level, a large number of peo
58、ples acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies. _18_ They begin considering green issues when big decisions. The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is “60+” .The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. _19_ In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them
59、 want to do more for the environment._20_ Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight. Tree-planting sessions, group wa
60、lks and runs are also among the options.A. But this is only the beginning.B. Earth Hour represents every hour of every day.C. After all, everyone has to answer for what they have done.D. Besides turning off the lights, people get involved in other events.E. It pushes them to take urgent measures by
61、making changes to policies.F. That is, they switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time for one hour.G. The plus invites people to continue their action even after Earth Hour is finished.【答案】16. F 17. A 18. E 19. G 20. D【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章讲述了由世界自然基金会组织的“地球一小时”活动，督促人们重视环境保护。【16题详解】上文“On this ev
62、ening, people go dark.(在这个晚上，人们走向黑暗。)”说明活动中，这个晚上人们“走向黑暗”，选项F“也就是说，他们在同一时间关掉所有不必要的灯一个小时。”是对上文的具体解释，选项中switch off all unnecessary lights at the same time和上文中dark语义相关，通顺合理。故选F项。【17题详解】上文“Its true that turning off lights for just one hour saves only a small amount of power.(的确，关灯一小时只节省少量的电力。)”说明关灯一个小时看似
63、作用不大，选项A“但这只是开始。”承接上文，转折语义，说明这只是个开始，引出下文阐述关灯一个小时所带来的益处，以及更深层的做法和意义。故选A项。【18题详解】上文“But on another level, a large number of peoples acting together sends a powerful message to governments and companies.(但在另一个层面上，大量民众的共同行动向政府和企业发出了强有力的信息。)”说明民众已向政府和企业发出强烈信息，选项E“促使他们通过改变政策采取紧急措施。”承接上文，说明民众发出强烈信息的作用，促使政府
64、改变政策采取措施，引出下文“They begin considering green issues when big decisions.(他们在做重大决定时就开始考虑环保问题。)”对选项进一步解释。选项中与上下文语义相关，通顺合理。故选E项。【19题详解】上文“The logo(标识) of Earth Hour is 60+ .The number 60 is for the 60 minutes of Earth Hour. (地球一小时的标志是60+，数字60代表地球一小时的60分钟。)”说明“地球一小时”的标志是“60+”，选项G“这个“加号”邀请人们在地球一小时结束后继续他们的行动
65、。”是对上文“60+”的解释，引出下文“In fact, people who join in Earth Hour say that taking part makes them want to do more for the environment.(事实上，参与“地球一小时”活动的人们说，参与这一活动让他们想为环境做更多的事情。)”具体进一步说明人们在地球一个小时活动后想做更多的有关环保事情。选项中The plus和上文中+号语义一致，选项和上下文语义通顺，逻辑合理。故选G项。【20题详解】下文“Musicians give concerts by playing acoustic(原声
66、的) instruments instead of electric ones, and using candles instead of electric lights. Celebrity chefs have created special recipes for families to prepare and eat by candlelight.(音乐家们举行音乐会的方式是使用原声乐器而不是电子乐器，使用蜡烛而不是电灯。名厨为家庭制作了特别的食谱，让他们在烛光下享用。)”说明本段主要讲述除了关灯，人们做的其他节约能源的事情，选项D“除了关灯，人们参与其他活动。”位于段首，概括点明本段
67、主题，说明本段讲述内容是除了关灯以外的其他活动。故选D项。第二部分 语言运用(共两节，满分30分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分) 阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Five days before Christmas, police officer Lima was sent to a local Stop and Shop for a reported theft. The accusation was that two females were scanning (扫描) some items at the self-check
68、out but_21_ other items and bagging those items. The two females and two children were already_22_ by Loss and Prevention over there.Lima had two girls himself, similar in age to the two girls there, so it _23_ him a little bit. Lima_24_ the receipt for the items they had paid for. There was nothing
69、 else like health and beauty items on it. The items were all _25_ things bought just to stuff themselves. Then he asked an employee where the other items were that they had planned to take and was informed they were put back on the _26_.Obviously, this family was in real need. While Lima firmly _27_
70、 following the law, he decided to cut them a break and not to _28_.The two-females, _29_, were very grateful but kind of _30_ because generally, in that same situation there would probably be a different _31_ and theyd be arrested.Lima took things a step further in an effort to _32_ the family. He g
71、ave them $200 gift card, telling them not to get things in illegal ways any more.“I purchased the gift card close to the value of what would have been _33_,” said Lima. “I did what I felt was _34_.I just tried to show a little _35_ to the extent permitted by law.”21. A. labelingB. damagingC. sorting
72、D. bypassing22. A. misunderstoodB. heldC. toleratedD. unemployed23. A. confusedB. disappointedC. struckD. attracted24. A. deniedB. checkedC. filledD. questioned25. A. luxuriesB. drinksC. presentsD. foods26. A. shelvesB. countersC. checkoutD. lockers27. A. stoodB. resistedC. believed inD. put off28.
73、A. make troubleB. take responsibilityC. play tricksD. press charges29. A. consequentlyB. fortunatelyC. graduallyD. incredibly30. A. ashamedB. shockedC. anxiousD. innocent31. A. lessonB. outcomeC. choiceD. excuse32. A. aidB. controlC. remindD. reward33. A. returnedB. exchangedC. takenD. ordered34. A.
74、 eye-catchingB. risk-takingC. privateD. right35. A. politenessB. courageC. mercyD. admiration【答案】21. D 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. D 26. A 27. C 28. D 29. A 30. B 31. B 32. A 33. C 34. D 35. C【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了圣诞节前五天，警官Lima处理一起盗窃案。两名女性在自助结账时扫描了一些商品，但没有扫描其他商品，而是将这些商品装袋，这两名女性和两个孩子被防损部门扣留。Lima查看了他们的购物收据之后发现
75、他们买的都是食物，意识到他们确实需要帮助，于是决定不起诉他们，还送给他们200美元礼品卡，告诉他们不要再以非法的方式得到东西。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：据称，两名女性在自助结账时扫描了一些商品，但没有扫描其他商品，而是将这些商品装袋。A. labeling贴标签；B. damaging破坏；C. sorting分类；D. bypassing避开。根据后文这两名妇女被防损部门扣留，可推知她们把其他商品避开了扫描，打算不付钱拿走。故选D。【22题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：两名女性和两名儿童已经被那边的防损部门扣留。A. misunderstood理解；B. held握住，扣留；C.
76、 tolerated忍受；D. unemployed解雇。根据后文“by Loss and Prevention over there”可知指两名女性和儿童被防损部门扣留。故选B。【23题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lima自己也有两个女孩，年龄和那两个女孩相仿，所以这让他有点震惊。A. confused使困惑；B. disappointed使失望；C. struck打击；D. attracted吸引。结合上文“Lima had two girls himself, similar in age to the two girls there, so it”可知so表示因果关系，Lima看到这
77、两个女孩和自己的女儿年龄相仿，这让他有点震惊。故选C。【24题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lima查看了他们所购物品的收据。A. denied拒绝；B. checked检查，查看；C. filled装满；D. questioned质疑。根据后文“receipt for the items they had paid for”可知指查看收据，check符合语境。故选B。【25题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：所有的东西都是食物买这些东西只是为了填饱自己的肚子。A. luxuries奢侈品；B. drinks饮料；C. presents礼物；D. foods食物。根据后文“things bough
78、t just to stuff themselves”可知他们买的都是食物，为了填饱自己的肚子。故选D。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然后他问一名员工他们打算带走的其他物品在哪里，并被告知它们被放回了货架上。A. shelves货架；B. counters计数器；C. checkout检验；D. lockers储物柜。根据上文“Then he asked an employee where the other items were that they had planned to take and was informed they were put back on the”可知，他们
79、打算拿走的物品已经被放回了货架。故选A。【27题详解】考查动词和动词短语辨析。句意：虽然Lima坚信要遵守法律，但他决定给他们一个宽限，不起诉他们。A. stood站立；B. resisted反抗；C. believed in相信；D. put off推迟。根据后文“following the law”指Lima坚信要遵守法律，believe in符合语境。故选C。【28题详解】考查动词短语辨析。句意：虽然Lima坚信要遵守法律，但他决定给他们一个宽限，不起诉他们。A. make trouble制造麻烦；B. take responsibility负责；C. play tricks耍手段；D.
80、 press charges起诉。结合上文可知两名女性涉嫌盗窃，Lima本来可以起诉他们的但是决定放过他们，故选D。【29题详解】考查副词词义辨析。句意：结果，这两名女性非常感激，但也有点震惊，因为一般来说，在同样的情况下，可能会有不同的结果她们会被逮捕。A. consequently因此；B. fortunately幸运地；C. gradually逐渐；D. incredibly难以置信地。Lima打算放过这两个偷东西的女性，因此他们非常感激。故选A。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：结果，这两名女性非常感激，但也有点震惊，因为一般来说，在同样的情况下，可能会有不同的结果她们会被逮捕。
81、A. ashamed羞愧的；B. shocked震惊的；C. anxious焦虑的；D. innocent无辜的。根据后文“because generally, in that same situation there would probably be a different”可知本来一般说来偷东西会被逮捕，但是Lima却决定放过她们，因此她们既感激又震惊。故选B。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：结果，这两名女性非常感激，但也有点震惊，因为一般来说，在同样的情况下，可能会有不同的结果她们会被逮捕。A. lesson课程；B. outcome结果；C. choice选择；D. excus
82、e借口。结合后文“and theyd be arrested”可知如果Lima选择起诉她们，她们的结果就是被逮捕。故选B。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：为了帮助这个家庭，Lima采取了更进一步的措施。A. aid援助；B. control控制；C. remind提醒；D. reward奖励。结合上文“Obviously, this family was in real need. ”以及后文“He gave them $200 gift card, telling them not to get things in illegal ways any more.”可知Lima送给她们礼品
83、卡，来帮助这个需要帮助的家庭。故选A。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：Lima说：“我购买的礼品卡价值接近被盗物品的价值。”A. returned返回；B. exchanged交换；C. taken带走；D. ordered命令。呼应上文“where the other items were that they had planned to take”指礼品卡价值接近她们打算盗走物品的价值。故选C。【34题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：我做了我认为正确的事。A. eye-catching引人注目的；B. risk-taking冒险的；C. private私人的；D. right正确的。
84、Lima这么做是因为自己想要帮助这一家人，做了自己认为正确的事情。故选D。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：我只是试图在法律允许的范围内表现出一点仁慈。A. politeness礼貌；B. courage勇气；C. mercy仁慈；D. admiration钦佩。根据后文“to the extent permitted by law”可知，Lima的行为只是试图在法律允许的范围内对这家人表现出一点仁慈，show mercy to“对仁慈”。故选C。第二节 (共10小题：每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Busy Colombians
85、 living in a city can be pressured. But there is a place for people to relieve stress in Bogota. _36_(sit) at the top of Monserrate Hill, east of the city, the place is a protected park for hummingbirds. The area contains a forest that has turned into a peaceful and _37_ (harmony) world for both peo
86、ple and birds.With the hummingbirds flying from flower to flower, some people study them through binoculars (双筒镜) and _38_ (other) take pictures with cameras or phones.“Sometimes it doesnt seem real because we are close to city of eight million residents _39_ generate noise every day,” says Camilo C
87、antor, a caretaker in the park, whose job is to mix water and sugar and put it in bird feeders along a 300-meter path “The park is _40_ (true) special place, like an oasis (绿洲). It is place where people can go _41_ (ease) stress, forget about troubles and get _42_ break from busy city life,” he adde
88、d.Ten years ago the hill _43_ (destroy), mercilessly and completely, meaning there were no trees left on it. But workers began to replant local trees and flowers to bring the forest back _44_ life. Presently, visitors to the park can see over100 species of birds there.Hummingbirds can _45_ (find) on
89、ly on the American continent and Colombia is home to many different kinds.【答案】36. Sitting 37. harmonious 38. others 39. that /who 40. truly 41. to ease 42. a 43. was destroyed 44. to 45. be found【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了哥伦比亚波哥大有一个地方可以让人们缓解压力，它坐落在城市东部的蒙塞拉特山山顶，是一个受保护的蜂鸟公园。文章主要介绍了这个公园的一些情况。【36题详解】考查非谓语动词
90、。句意：它坐落在城市东部的蒙塞拉特山山顶，是一个受保护的蜂鸟公园。分析句子结构可知sit在句中应用非谓语动词形式，与逻辑主语the place构成主动关系，故应用现在分词作状语。句首单词首字母要大写。故填Sitting。【37题详解】考查形容词。句意：这个地区的森林已经变成了一个人类和鸟类和平、和谐的世界。修饰后文名词world应用形容词harmonious，作定语。故填harmonious。【38题详解】考查代词。句意：蜂鸟从一朵花飞到另一朵花，一些人用望远镜观察它们，其他人用相机或手机拍照。空处作主语，后文take为动词原形，可知表示“其他人”应用others。故填others。【39题详
91、解】考查定语从句。句意：“有时它看起来并不真实，因为我们靠近有800万居民的城市，每天都会产生噪音。”公园管理员Camilo Cantor说，他的工作是将水和糖混合，并将它们放入300米长的路径上的鸟类喂食器中。此处为定语从句修饰先行词residents，先行词在从句中作主语，指人，故应用关系代词that或who引导。故填that /who。【40题详解】考查副词。句意：这个公园真的是一个特别的地方，就像一个绿洲。修饰形容词special，应用副词truly，作状语。故填truly。【41题详解】考查非谓语动词。句意：它是人们可以去缓解压力，忘记烦恼，从繁忙的城市生活中得到休息的地方。结合句意
92、表示“去做某事”可知，短语为go to do sth.。故填to ease。【42题详解】考查冠词。句意：它是人们可以去缓解压力，忘记烦恼，从繁忙的城市生活中得到休息的地方。结合句意表示“从得到休息”可知，短语为get a break from。故填a。【43题详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意：十年前，这座山丘被无情地完全摧毁了，这意味着山上没有一棵树了。根据上文“Ten years ago”可知，应用一般过去时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，应用一般过去时的被动语态，主语为the hill，谓语动词用单数。故填was destroyed。【44题详解】考查介词。句意：但工人们开始重新种植当地的
93、树木和鲜花，使森林恢复生机。结合句意表示“使恢复生机”可知，短语为bring sth. back to life。故填to。【45题详解】考查动词语态。句意：蜂鸟只生活在美洲大陆，哥伦比亚是许多不同种类蜂鸟的家园。此处主语与为谓语动词构成被动关系，且can后跟动词原形。故填be found。第三部分 写作(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (满分15分)46. 假定你是李华，最近你校举办了创意灯笼展。你的英国朋友Jack对此很感兴趣，发来邮件询问有关情况。请给他回复邮件，内容包括：1.灯笼展的时间、地点；2.作品的来源、特色；3.你的感受。注意：1.写作词数应为80左右； 2.请按如下格式在答题卡的
94、相应位置作答。【答案】Dear Jack,Knowing that youre interested in our schools Innovative Lantern Show, Im writing to share something about it.Last Saturday evening, hundreds of lighted lanterns, all of which were students self-made works, were hanging between the trees on our campus, getting viewers into a fant
95、astic world. Additionally, the variously shaped lanterns were all made of recycled waste such as plastic bottles or cardboard, serving as a reminder for us to protect the environment. The impressive show amazed everyone present. It inspired us to add innovation to our traditional lantern culture, pr
96、omote our creativity and boost our hands-on skills.Best wishes.Yours,Li Hua【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于应用文，要求考生给英国朋友Jack回复邮件，介绍关于创意灯笼展活动的相关事宜。【详解】第一步：审题体裁：应用文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时，少量现在进行时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1. 介绍灯笼展的时间、地点；2. 说明作品的来源、特色；3. 说明自己的感受。第二步：列提纲（重点词组）be interested in; hundreds of;
97、 self-made works,hang between the trees; get viewers into a fantastic world; the variously shaped lanterns; be made of; such as; serve as; as a reminder for us to protect the environment; inspire us to do sth.; promote our creativity; boost our hands-on skills第三步：连词成句1.Knowing that youre interested
98、in our schools Innovative Lantern Show, Im writing to share something about it.2.Last Saturday evening, hundreds of lighted lanterns, all of which were students self-made works, were hanging between the trees on our campus, getting viewers into a fantastic world. 3.Additionally, the variously shaped
99、 lanterns were all made of recycled waste such as plastic bottles or cardboard, serving as a reminder for us to protect the environment.4.It inspired us to add innovation to our traditional lantern culture, promote our creativity and boost our hands-on skills.根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔
100、接词）1.表文章结构顺序：First of all, Firstly/First, Secondly/Second And then, Finally, In the end, At last（供参考）2.表并列补充关系：In addition3.表转折对比关系：However, On the contrary, but, Although+clause(从句), In spite of+n/doing,On the one hand,On the other hand Some,while others,as for, sothat （供参考）4.表因果关系：Because, As, So,
101、 Thus, Therefore, As a result （供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰。【点睛】高分句型1Last Saturday evening, hundreds of lighted lanterns, all of which were students self-made works, were hanging between the trees on our campus, getting viewers into a fantastic world.（介词+which引导的定语从句和非谓语结构）高分句型2Addition
102、ally, the variously shaped lanterns were all made of recycled waste such as plastic bottles or cardboard, serving as a reminder for us to protect the environment.（被动语态和非谓语结构）第二节(满分25分)47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。It was a Saturday in June, 1988. Out of a 16-year-olds early summer boredom
103、, I had set up a tent in our rural yard and intended to sleep in it, but I stayed in the house to finish watching the Lakers play-off game. It was almost midnight and Dad had been asleep upstairs for hours when someone knocked at the front door. It never occurred to me not to answer it.To my surpris
104、e, it was a girl about my age with a bloody cut on her forehead. “Hi. Im Maria. Whats wrong with you?” I asked her with concern. Awkward and embarrassed, she replied: “Im Jane. I.”she hesitated and then asked me carefully, “May I stay here for the night? Ill be off tomorrow morning.” Seeing her unea
105、siness, I comforted her, “Take it easy, Jane. Stay with me tonight.” I invited her into the house.Looking around, Jane appeared to have calmed down. “Let me treat your injury first,” I said and she agreed.I cleansed and bandaged(包扎) her injured forehead and then gave her some bread and bacon to eat.
106、 “Want to sleep in my tent?” I asked her and she nodded. Having left her in the bathroom, I went to look for another sleeping bag. When I returned, Jane was seated on the sofa, her face clouded by sadness.Walking across the dark yard, I accompanied Jane into the tent. We lay down side by side. Seize
107、d by curiosity and concern, I constantly turned over, wondering what had happened to her and how she came here. Jane seemed to have sensed that and started to speak.Janes father died of cancer years before. Her mother did odd cleaning jobs to raise her. Money was tight but her mother tried to do wha
108、t she could to satisfy Jane. Several weeks before, Jane accidentally saw fancy white dress in the store window, which she fell in love with at first sight. She excitedly told her mother about that, who promised to buy it as her birthday gift. From then on, Jane was looking forward to it.注意：1.续写词数应为1
109、50左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Janes 16th birthday came but her mother didnt get home until the evening._Having told her story, Jane said she regretted being inconsiderate to her mom._【答案】Janes 16th birthday came but her mother didnt get home until the evening. Thirsty for the dress, Jane got extremely di
110、sappointed when seeing her mother back empty-handed. She stormed out before her mother could stop her. Jane walked angrily and aimlessly only to find herself in an unknown place hours later. Worse still, she fell down in the dark, hurting her forehead. Painful and hungry, she came to realize she sho
111、uldnt have been so willful, but there was nobody around she could turn to for help. So she had to move on until she saw the light from our house.Having told her story, Jane said she regretted being inconsiderate to her mom. I kept comforting her until we fell asleep. When Dad awoke us and was told t
112、he whole story the next morning, he said to Jane seriously, “Its dangerous to run away from home. Your mom must be anxious about your safety. Ill drive you home immediately.” After an hours ride, we reached Janes home, in front of which stood a worried woman. Jane rushed over and hugged her tightly,
113、 saying tearfully, “Sorry, Mom.” Witnessing this, Dad and I breathed a sigh of relief.【解析】【分析】本文以人物为线索展开，讲述了作者晚上在户外帐篷里睡觉时，遇到了与母亲赌气离家出走的简，收留了她，第二天和爸爸送回家，母女和好的故事。【详解】1.段落续写：由第一段首句内容“简的16岁生日来了，但她的母亲直到那天晚上才回家。”可知，第一段可描写简因为母亲没有给自己买喜爱的裙子而生气离家出走，最后来到作者的家里的经过。由第二段首句内容“了她的故事后，简说她后悔不体谅她的妈妈”可知，第二段可描写作者安慰简，告知爸爸
114、简的故事，送简回家，母女和好的经过。2.续写线索：简与母亲生气离家出走来到作者家里安慰告知父亲送回家母女和好感到欣慰3.词汇激活行为类生气离开：stormed out/go out angrily.寻求帮助：turn to for help /ask for help/seek for help情绪类.失望：disappointed/discouraged/frustrated/depressed.欣慰：relief/comfort/easy【点睛】高分句型1. Thirsty for the dress, Jane got extremely disappointed when seeing
115、 her mother back empty-handed. 使用了形容词短语作伴随状语和状语从句的省略结构高分句型2. Painful and hungry, she came to realize she shouldnt have been so willful, but there was nobody around she could turn to for help.使用了宾语从句和定语从句高分句型3. After an hours ride, we reached Janes home, in front of which stood a worried woman.使用了介词+关系代词引导的定语从句
