1、课时素养检测 十六Unit 4Period 4. 阅读理解AFrederick learned how to read and write at an early age. He also worked hard in the Baltimore Shipyards and saw how horrible slavery could be. He was beaten on several occasions,by his masters and other shipyard workers. He finally decided to escape,dressed as a sailor,
2、and made it to the North. In New Bedford,Massachusetts,in 1838,Frederick married Anna Murray. The couple soon met up with a black man named Nathan Johnson,who invited them to stay with him and his family. At that time,Johnson was reading Sir Walter Scotts book The Lady of the Lake. Eager to leave hi
3、s old identity behind,Frederick changed his last name to Douglass,after a character in the book. His first exposure to the Anti-Slavery Society was through reading the newspaper,The Liberator. He soon met William Lloyd Garrison,the newspapers editor and one of the leaders of the Anti-Slavery Society
4、. Douglass gave a speech at a Society meeting,and many people were very much impressed. Douglass then went to work for the Society. And he worked for it for many years. After a time,people began to doubt the sincerity of his stories. How could this man who spoke with such big words and such high-min
5、ded concepts have been a slave just a short time ago? To answer these charges,Douglass published his life story,Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass,an American Slave. Douglass then went to England,where he made important friends,who helped him buy his freedom. Frederick Douglass returned to
6、the United States in 1847 as a free man. He moved to Rochester,New York,and began publishing a newspaper,The North Star. The newspapers motto was this: “Right is of no sex,truth is of no color and we are all fellow citizens. ”After Lincolns election and the outbreak of the Civil War,Douglass continu
7、ed to press for the freedom of slaves and a new cause,the introduction of black soldiers into the Union Army. In 1863,both the things happened. Lincoln issued The Emancipation Proclamation,and Congress passed a law approving black soldiers in the army. Frederick Douglass died in 1895 after a long il
8、lness. His voice continued to be heard long after his death. 【语篇概述】本文为一篇人物传记。文章介绍了美国黑人废奴运动领袖Frederick为实现黑奴解放所做的努力。1. Why did Frederick change his name to Douglass?A. To forget his terrible past. B. To stay with Nathan Johnsons family. C. To get a job in the Anti-Slavery Society. D. To make the name
9、easy to remember. 【解析】选A。 细节理解题。由第二段中的Eager to leave his old identity behind,Frederick changed his last name to Douglass,after a character in the book. 可知,弗雷德里克把名字改成道格拉斯是渴望抛弃自己的旧身份。故选A项。2. How did Douglass begin to know the Anti-Slavery Society?A. By giving a speech at a Society meeting. B. By worki
10、ng for the Anti-Slavery Society. C. By meeting William Lloyd Garrison. D. By reading the Society s newspaper. 【解析】选D。细节理解题。由第三段中的His first exposure to the Anti-Slavery Society was through reading the newspaper,The Liberator. 可知他第一次接触反奴隶制社会是通过阅读报纸。故选D项。3. For what purpose did Douglass publish his lif
11、e story?A. To get the money to travel to England. B. To tell others his own terrible experience. C. To clarify some peoples doubt about his stories. D. To continue his struggle for the freedom of slaves. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由第四段的doubt一词以及下文的几个问题可知,人们对他的真实身份表示怀疑,由To answer these charges,Douglass published h
12、is life story,Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass,an American Slave. 可知,道格拉斯出版他的生平故事是为了澄清人们对他的经历的怀疑。故选C项。4. When did Douglass become a free man?A. Before he went to England. B. After he met Nathan Johnson. C. In 1847 when he returned from the UK. D. After Lincolns election as president of th
13、e US. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。从第五段中的Douglass then went to England,where he made important friends,who helped him buy his freedom. Frederick Douglass returned to the United States in 1847 as a free man. 可知,道格拉斯在英国结识的朋友帮助他获得了自由,1847年,他从英国回到美国时成为一个自由人。故选C项。BHows this for a coincidence (巧合)? Charles Darwin and Abr
14、aham Lincoln were born in the same year,on the same day: Feb. 12,1809. Although people hardly think of them together,we want to say that they belong together. Its not just because they were both great men,and not because they happened to live at the same time. Rather,its because the scientist and th
15、e politician each started a revolution that changed the world. They were both revolutionaries in the sense that both men changed the realities when they were born. They seem and sound modern to us,because the world they left behind them is more or less the one we still live in. So,considering the jo
16、int greatness of their contributions and the coincidence of their birthdays it is hard to wonder: who was the greatest man? Its an apples and oranges or Superman vs. Santacomparison. But if you limit the question to influence,very quickly the balance tips in Lincolns favor. As great as his book on e
17、volution is,it does no harm to remember that Darwin hurried to publish The Origin of Species because he thought he was about to be scooped (抢先) by his fellow naturalist Alfred Russel Wallace. Lincoln,however,is unique. True,his election as the president did cause the recession (衰退) and the war,but t
18、hat war seems certain to happennot a question of if but when. Certainly we know what happened after he was murdered: Reconstruction was organized and then abandoned,leaving the issue of racial (种族的) equality unsolved for another century. Surely we should not deny Darwins accomplishment. But their sa
19、me birthdays gave us a great opportunity to observe these men of their time. 【语篇概要】本文为一篇说明文,对比了美国历史上两个非常著名的人物,达尔文和亚布拉罕林肯。他们广为人知,不是因为他们都非常巧合地出生在同年、同月、同日,而是因为他们都开启了改变世界的革命: 达尔文提出了生命进化的理论,而林肯带领美国经历了内战。5. Why does the author say Charles Darwin and Abraham Lincoln belong together?A. They were born on the
20、 same day. B. They lived in the same period of time. C. They started revolutions changing the world. D. They were both great men in the history. 【解析】选C。细节理解题。由文章第一段中的Its not just because they were both great men,and not because they happened to live at the same time. Rather,its because the scientist
21、 and the politician each started a revolution that changed the world. 可知,作者说查尔斯达尔文和亚伯拉罕林肯属于同一类人是因为他们开启了改变世界的革命。故选C。6. What does the author mean by “an apples and orangesor Superman vs. Santacomparison”?A. It is hard to tell which one is greater as they are both outstanding. B. The comparison between
22、 Darwin and Lincoln is easy and obvious. C. It is difficult to compare them as they are as famous as Superman and Santa. D. There is no point comparing them because they were born on the same day. 【解析】选A。细节理解题。从第二段中的So,considering the joint greatness of their contributions and the coincidence of the
23、ir birthdays it is hard to wonder: who was the greatest man? Its an apples and oranges or Superman vs. Santacomparison. (因此,考虑到他们共同的伟大贡献和他们的生日巧合,我们很难去思考: 谁是最伟大的人?这是一个苹果和橘子或者超人和圣诞老人的比较)可知,如果单纯比较他们对人类的贡献与他们生日的巧合性,两个人难分伯仲。故选A。7. Lincolns contribution to the world can be best described as_. A. narrowB.
24、aggressiveC. independentD. ground-breaking【解析】选D。推理判断题。从第二段的But if you limit the question to influence,very quickly the balance tips in Lincolns favor. 及第三段中Lincoln,however,is unique. 可知,林肯对世界的贡献更具有开拓性的里程碑意义。故选D。8. What can we learn from the passage?A. Lincolns success in election caused reconstruct
25、ion. B. Lincoln had tried to solve the racial problem. C. Darwin was unique compared with Lincoln. D. Darwins theory is similar to Lincolns belief . 【解析】选B。推理判断题。由文章倒数第二段中的Certainly we know what happened after he was murdered: Reconstruction was organized and then abandoned,leaving the issue of raci
26、al equality unsolved for another century. (我们当然知道在他被谋杀后发生了什么: 重建被组织起来,然后又被抛弃,种族平等的问题过了一个世纪里依然没有得到解决)可知,林肯曾经试图解决种族问题,但并没有达到目标。故选B。. 完形填空 (2020潍坊高二检测)Id always1 living alone: the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. So,I was 2 about this new stage in my life when moving into my univ
27、ersity dormitory. 3,during the first few months,Id found myself crying every day. Coming from a big family,I was 4 to noises surrounding me. Therefore,the scary 5 at night was the worst. I couldnt even 6 without keeping the lights on. As time went by,I started enjoying the7 that came with living alo
28、ne. The space of loneliness was 8 by friends who became like family. When it was time to say goodbye and go back home after my9 I was bittersweet. Id 10 my time alone,learning things which wouldnt have been 11 if I had never moved away from home. Id learned a lot from this12. Living alone made me va
29、lue 13 time even more. I realized that every second with them 14 though I might not get the freedom I had while living alone. For me,there is no warmth in a house 15 its filled with loving members and people you love. 【语篇概述】本文是一篇记叙文。主要讲述了作者曾梦想着能过独立的生活,但是当他因上大学离开家而住进宿舍时他又感到很不适应。在大学毕业之际,他很感激大学期间他学会了独立
30、生活,同时也懂得了珍惜与家人团聚的日子。1. A. kept onB. dreamed ofC. insisted onD. put off【解析】选B。考查动词短语辨析。kept on继续; dreamed of梦想;insisted on坚持;put off推迟。从文中的Id always_living alone,the life of no rules and regulations and being independent. 可知,作者想要过独立的无拘无束的生活。他非常向往这种生活。故选B。2. A. delightedB. worried C. serious D. cautio
31、us【解析】选A。考查形容词辨析。delighted高兴的; worried担心的;serious严肃的;cautious谨慎的。文章第一句提到作者向往独立的生活;搬进大学宿舍,意味着独立生活的开始,梦想得以实现,故作者应该非常开心。故选A。3. A. UndoubtedlyB. UnwillinglyC. UnconditionallyD. Unexpectedly【解析】选D。考查副词辨析。Undoubtedly确实地; Unwillingly不情愿地;Unconditionally无条件地; Unexpectedly意外地。结合下文Id found myself crying every
32、 day. 可知,过上了自己向往的生活,应该是很高兴才对,但出人意料的是,作者自己每天都在哭。故选D。4. A. deafB. cruelC. accustomedD. opposed【解析】选C。考查形容词辨析。deaf聋的;cruel残酷的;accustomed习惯的;opposed反对的。从文中的Coming from a big family可知,作者来自大家庭,因此已经对噪音习以为常了,这也与下文的Therefore,the scary _at night was the worst. 习惯于吵吵闹闹,反而对夜里的寂静感到害怕。be accustomed to “对习惯,适应”。故选
33、C。5. A. boredomB. silenceC. darknessD. suffering【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。boredom厌倦;silence沉默,寂静;darkness黑暗;suffering痛苦。作者开始了独自生活,与家里之前的吵闹不同了,晚上只有可怕的寂静。故选B。6. A. sleepB. talkC. moveD. play【解析】选A。考查动词辨析。sleep睡觉;talk谈话; move移动;play玩耍。根据上文The scary silence at night was the worst可知,作者并不适应这种寂静的生活,因此晚上不开灯睡不着。故选A。7. A
34、. confidenceB. safetyC. reliefD. freedom【解析】选D。考查名词辨析。confidence自信;safety安全;relief安慰;freedom自由。由下文的I might not get the freedom I had while living alone. 可知,作者开始享受独立生活带来的自由。故选D。8. A. set asideB. taken overC. filled upD. thrown away【解析】选C。考查动词短语辨析。set aside留出; taken over接管;filled up装满;thrown away扔掉。结合
35、下文的by friends who became like family可知,朋友的存在弥补了没有家人在身边的孤独,故朋友的存在填补孤独的空间。故选C。9. A. recoveryB. graduationC. resignationD. promotion【解析】选B。考查名词辨析。recovery恢复;graduation毕业;resignation辞职;promotion提升。上文介绍作者在学生期间适应了独立生活,而文章中提到的When it was time to say goodbye and go back home所指的是大学毕业。毕业后要离开校园回到家中,此时作者感到五味杂陈。
36、故选B。10. A. hatedB. desiredC. regrettedD. enjoyed【解析】选D。考查动词辨析。hated憎恨;desired渴望; regretted后悔; enjoyed欣赏。由上文的As time went by,I started enjoying the _that came with living alone可知,作者享受独处的时光。故选D。11. A. usefulB. possibleC. reliableD. worthwhile【解析】选B。考查形容词辨析。useful有用的;possible可能的;reliable可靠的;worthwhile值
37、得的。结合上下文语境,如果作者一直在家,而不是在学校的话,有一些事情可能就学不到了,例如,作者在校园所享受的独立的生活。故选B。12. A. adventureB. arrangementC. experienceD. challenge【解析】选C。考查名词辨析。adventure冒险;arrangement安排;experience经历;challenge挑战。对作者来说,在大学期间的独立生活是他人生的一段经历,故选C。13. A. familyB. studyC. workD. growth【解析】选A。考查名词辨析。family家人;study学习;work工作;growth生长。根据
38、下文I realized that every second with them _though I might not get the freedom I had while living alone可知,经过大学的独立生活,作者比以前更加珍惜与家人相处的时光。故选A。14. A. flewB. countedC. stayedD. repeated【解析】选B。考查动词辨析。flew飞翔;counted重要,认为;stayed停留; repeated重复。作者意识到,尽管作者可能无法获得独立生活时的自由,但和家人相处的每一秒都很重要,这使作者更加珍惜与家人在一起的生活,故选B。15. A.
39、 whenB. onceC. unlessD. though【解析】选C。考查连词辨析。when当时;once一旦;unless除非;though虽然。对作者来说,如果没有自己所爱的家人,这个家就没有温暖,此处为条件状语从句,表示“除非”用unless。故选C。书面表达假设你是李华,你的英国朋友David就如何预防新冠肺炎写信向你征求建议,请你给他写一封回信。要点如下: 1. 表达你的关心;2. 提出一些预防的建议。注意: 1. 词数80个左右;2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。参考词汇: 新冠肺炎COVID-19口罩maskDear David,_Yours sincerely,Li H
40、ua【参考答案】Dear David,Having learned that COVID-19 is becoming widespread in your country,I am really concerned about you. Here I am writing to offer you some suggestions,which I hope will be of some help to you. To begin with,it is necessary that you stay at home and reduce outdoor activities as much
41、as possible. If you do need to go out,please wear a mask to avoid being infected. In addition,whenever you are in the open air,always remember to keep about one meter away from others. Last but not least,youd better keep good healthy habits such as washing your hands and doing more indoor activities. I sincerely hope that you can take my suggestions into consideration. Yours sincerely,Li Hua