1、被动语态一、 基础达标训练1(2021浙江温州市高一期中)Right now, the deer _ (watch) over by many volunteers. 【答案】is/are being watched【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:现在,许多志愿者正在看护这只鹿/这些鹿。根据时间状语right now ,句子叙述的是现阶段的情况,应用现在进行时;主语the deer 和watch over之间是被动关系,应该用现在进行时的被动语态;deer单复数同形,复数也是deer;如果将the deer 看成单数,be 动词用is;如果将the deer 看成复数,be 动词用are。 故填
2、is/are being watched。2(2021静宁县第一中学高一月考)They_ (spot) by the police as they were entering the bank. 【答案】were spotted【详解】考查时态语态。句意:当他们进入银行时被警察发现了。分析可知,设空处为主句谓语动词,结合语境和下文的were判断为一般过去时,主语they和spot之间为被动关系,故用一般过去时的被动语态,主语为复数,be动词用were。故填were spotted。3(2021江苏省镇江中学高一月考)Breakfast _(serve) between 7:00 and 8:0
3、0 tomorrow morning, wed better get up early.【答案】will be served【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:明天早上7点到8点供应早餐,我们最好早点起床。根据句中时间状语tomorrow morning可知,用一般将来时。主语breakfast与serve之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据句意,故填will be served。4(2021全国高一课时练习)Your passport _(return) to you when you check out of your hotel. 【答案】will be returned【详解】考查动词时态。
4、句意:您的护照将在您退房时归还给您。根据“主将从现”原则可知,当时间状语为一般现在时的时候,主句用一般将来时,此处用一般将来时,动词return和主语Your passport之间是被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态(will be done)。故填will be returned。5(2021甘肃兰州市兰州一中高一期末)In the near future, more advances in the robot technology _ (make) by scientists.【答案】will be made【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:在不久的将来,科学家们将在机器人技术上取得更大的进步
5、。根据时间状语“In the near future”可知,此处描述的是将来的情况,应用一般将来时;主语“advances”与“make”是动宾关系,应用被动语态。故填will be made。6 (2021全国高一期末)The family _ (trap) on the roof by the flood yesterday. 【答案】were trapped【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:这家人昨天被洪水困住了。结合句中yesterday可知,此处的时态为一般过去时。the family表示的是家庭中的成员,是复数含义,因此谓语动词用复数形式;又the family与trap为动
6、宾关系,所以trap用被动。所以填were trapped。故填were trapped。7(2021全国高一期末)There is so much noise upstairsa party _ (hold) by some young people. 【答案】is being held【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意:楼上太吵了一些年轻人正在举行聚会。根据“There is so much noise upstairs”可知,此处是指一些年轻人正在举行聚会,所以应用现在进行时。动词hold意为“举行”,和主语party构成被动关系。主语为第三人称单数。故填is being held。
7、8(2021全国高一期末)Most of the wells in this village _ (pollute) up to now. 【答案】have been polluted【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意:这个村子里大部分的井目前都被污染了。根据“up to now”可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词pollute意为“污染”,和主语“Most of the wells ”构成被动关系。故填have been polluted。9(2021全国高一期末)It is said that laws _ (introduce) next year to protect ancient
8、relics. 【答案】will be introduced【详解】考查一般将来时的被动语态。句意:据说明年将出台法律来保护古代文物。设空处为主语从句的谓语动词,根据next year可知,此处应用一般将来时。动词introduce意为“采用”,和主语laws构成被动关系。故填will be introduced。10(2021全国高一期末)According to reports, nowadays sharks _ (kill) at a surprising rate worldwide per year. 【答案】are being killed【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态。句意:
9、据报道,现在鲨鱼每年在世界范围内正在以惊人的速度被杀害。根据nowadays和per year可知,此处应用现在进行时表示现在正在进行的状态。动词kill意为“杀害”,和主语sharks构成被动关系。主语为复数。故填are being killed。11(2021全国高一期末)More than $10 million _ (spend) carrying out the project by the end of last year. 【答案】had been spent【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:到去年年底,该项目已耗资1000多万美元。设空处为句子谓语动词,结合语境和时间状语by th
10、e end of last year判断为过去完成式,主语$10 million和spend之间为被动关系,故用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been spent。12(2021全国高一期末)Over the past three years, the paintings _ (take) to more than 20 museums in the world. 【答案】have been taken【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意:在过去的三年间,这些画作已经被带到全球超过20家博物馆(展览)。根据时间状语over the past three year可知,应用现在完成时。主句
11、主语the paintings为可数名词复数,与动词take之间是动宾关系。故句子应使用现在完成时的被动语态。故填have been taken。13(2021全国高一期末)More than 30,000 yuan _ (raise) for the poor family since the foundation was founded.【答案】has been raised【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:自基金会成立以来,为贫困家庭筹集了3万多元。设空处为主句谓语动词,since引导时间状语时,其主句应用现在完成时,主语More than 30,000 yuan和raise之间为被动关系,
12、故用现在完成时的被动语态,主语不可数,助动词用has。故填has been raised。14(2021浙江高一月考)The meeting that _ (hold) now is of great importance. 【答案】is being held【详解】考查时态语态和主谓一致。句意:正在举行的这个会议非常重要。先行词是The meeting,在定语从句中作主语,定语从句缺乏谓语,由时间状语now可知,时态用现在进行时,从句主语The meeting和从句谓语hold是被动关系,用现在进行时的被动语态(am/is/are being done),从句主语The meeting是单数
13、,从句谓语也用单数形式。故填is being held。15(2021泉州科技中学高一期中)Generally, Charles Babbage _(consider ) to be the first to invent a computer. 【答案】is considered【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:一般来说,查尔斯巴贝奇被认为是第一个发明计算机的人。设空处为句子谓语动词,结合语境判断为一般现在时,主语Charles Babbage和consider之间为被动关系,故用一般现在时的被动语态,注意主谓一致。故填is considered。16(2021全国高一课时练习)It is sa
14、id that the number of employees _ (reduce)from 40 to 25. 【答案】was reduced【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意:据说雇员的人数从40人减少到25人。分析句子可知,空格处为that引导的从句中的谓语,动词reduce和主语the number of employees之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意,此处描述过去发生的事情,用一般过去时,主语the number of employees为单数第三人称,主谓一致,故填was reduced。17(2021全国高一课时练习)When and where to
15、go for the on-salary holiday _ (not decide) yet. 【答案】has not been decided【详解】考查动词时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:什么时候去哪里度带薪假期还没有决定。根据yet可知,使用现在完成时,主语为When and where to go for the on-salary holiday,和decide为被动关系,用被动语态,主语是特殊疑问词+不定式结构,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填has not been decided。18(2021全国高一课时练习)The new generation of computers,
16、with artificial intelligence, _ (develop) and perfected now. 【答案】are being developed【详解】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意:具有人工智能的新一代计算机正在开发和完善中。根据时间状语now可知,用现在进行时,主语The new generation of computers是复数,谓语动词用复数,主语The new generation of computers和develop为逻辑上的被动关系,使用现在进行时的被动语态。故填are being developed。19(2021黑龙江哈尔滨市哈师大附中高二期中)
17、Kim was completely _ (wear) out after jogging in the hot sun all afternoon. 【答案】worn【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:在炎热的太阳下慢跑了一下午后,金已经筋疲力尽了。动词短语wear out“(使)疲乏”和主语Kim之间是被动关系;根据句意以及空格前的助动词was可知,此处应用wear的过去分词和was一起构成被动语态。故填worn。20(2021黑龙江哈尔滨市第六中学校高二期中)Research findings have shown that about 20 percent of people can_ (c
18、lassify)as “night owls.”【答案】be classified【详解】考查被动语态。句意:研究发现,大约20%的人可以被归类为“夜猫子”。that从句中动词classify“归类”和主语about 20 percent of people之间是被动语态,应用被动语态(be done),情态动词can应接动词原形,故用被动结构be classified和can一起构成谓语。故填be classified。21(2021长春北师大附属学校高二月考)The dinner _ (eat) by the time Sam joined them. 【答案】had been eaten
19、【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:到萨姆加入他们的时候,饭已经吃完了。根据后文 by the time Sam joined them可知表示“过去的过去”应用过去完成时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,故应用过去完成时的被动语态。故填had been eaten。22(2021全国高二课时练习)You cant see things clearly through a telescope unless it _ (adjust) correctly to your sight. 【答案】is adjusted【详解】考查一般现在时的被动语态。句意:除非把望远镜调整到适合你的视力,否则你是看不清楚东
20、西的。分析句子可知,该空在从句中做谓语成分;根据语境,主语为一般现在时,从句也应用一般现在时;由于空处与主语it为被动关系,该空应用一般现在时的被动语态,主语为单数it,be应用is,adjust的过去分词为adjusted。故填is adjusted。23(2021全国高二课时练习)I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan _ (carry) out in the following two years. 【答案】would be carried【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意:我上个月被派到这个
21、村子去看看未来两年的发展计划将如何实施。根据句意可知,此处描述的是去过将要发生的事情,应用过去将来时,plan与carry是被动关系,应用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be carried。24(2021江苏无锡市高二期末)All the staff members agreed that the earned incomes _ (distribute) upon the principle of equality. 【答案】were distributed【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:所有工作人员都同意按平等原则分配所得收入。分析句子结构可知,that引导的宾语从句缺少
22、谓语动词,根据agreed可知,此处使用一般过去时,主语incomes为复数名词,且与distribute为被动关系,需用被动语态,且be动词用were。故填were distributed。25(2021静宁县第一中学高一月考)No one who has not received education and training in safety shall _ (permit) to work in the position. 【答案】be permitted【详解】考查动词语态。句意:未经安全教育、培训的,不得上岗。本句是who引导的定语从句,who指代的是no one,与谓语动词per
23、mit之间是被动关系,使用被动语态be done,根据空前的情态动词shall可知,后跟动词原形。故填be permitted。26(2020全国高一课时练习)Bad customs and laws ought to _(abandon), since they are inappropriate for the development of the society. 【答案】be abandoned【详解】考查被动语态。句意:不良的习俗和法律应该废除,因为它们不适合社会的发展。分析句子可知,ought to do为固定搭配,意为“应该做某事”,to后跟动词原形。且abandon与主语Bad
24、 customs and laws之间是动宾关系,应使用被动语态be abandoned。故填be abandoned。27(2021南昌市新建区第一中学高二期中)This new film may_(adapt) from a novel by Jane Austen. 【答案】be adapted 【详解】考查语态。句意:这部新电影可能是根据简奥斯汀的小说改编的。主语This new film与adapt之间为被动关系,应该用被动语态,情态动词may后接动词原形。故填be adapted。28(2020全国高三专题练习)When you visit our town next August
25、, a modern sports center will _(construct), for the National Games are to be held then. 【答案】have been constructed【详解】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意:明年八月当你访问我们城镇的时候,一个现代化的体育中心将已经被建成,因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据“for the National Games are to be held then(因为那时全国运动会将被举行)”可知,到“明年八月(next August)”,体育中心已经建成了,所以设空处应用将来完成时态,又因为a moder
26、n sports center和construct是被动关系,所以应用将来完成时的被动语态。故填have been constructed。29(2021上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末)The master of the Coolidge, Henry Nelson, claimed he_(not warn)that the harbor was mined.【答案】hadnt been warned【详解】考查过去完成时的被动语态。句意:Coolidge的船长Henry Nelson声称,他没有收到港口布有水雷的警告。分析句子并根据空前的claimed可知,空处应使用过去完成时,表示对后
27、来产生了一定影响。由于he与warn之间是被动关系,故应使用过去完成时的被动语态。故填hadnt been warned。30(2021全国高一期末)We were told that the carnival _ (hold)next week. 【答案】would be held【详解】考查时态语态,句意:我们被告知狂欢节将于下周举行。“告知”使用的是过去时,因此“举办”的动作是从过去看未来打算做的动作,且“狂欢节”与“举办”为被动关系,因此用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be held。31(2020上海市奉贤区奉城高级中学高一期中)They said the work _ (f
28、inish) in ten days. 【答案】would be finished【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:他们说该工作将在10天后完成。由in ten days可知宾语从句陈述的事情发生在将来,再结合主句为一般过去时,故从句应使用过去将来时,又主语work和finish之间是被动关系,故用过去将来时的被动语态。故填would be finished。32(2021全国高一期末)Every possible means _ (use) to prevent the air pollution, but the sky is still not clear.【答案】has been used
29、【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意:人们已经使用了一切可能的方法来防止空气污染,但天空仍然不清清。分析句子可知,use是谓语动词,means单复数同形,根据every可判断此处是单数。因此后面的谓语动词用单数形式。根据文意判断,可知use这个动作与主语之间构成被动关系,且对现在造成影响,用现在完成时,因此填has been used。33(2020惠州市华罗庚中学高二月考)Our class_( consist) of 23 girls and 29 boys. 【答案】consists of【详解】考查固定短语和时态。句意:我们班由23个女孩和29个男孩组成。consist of“由组成”,该短
30、语没有被动语态也没有进行时,相当于be made up of;本句的主语是their class,在本句中表示的是一个整体,所以谓语动词使用单数形式。故填consists of。34(2021上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末)Your composition_(read)beautifully. Is it the one I saw you write yesterday? 【答案】reads【详解】考查动词。句意:你的作文读起来很漂亮。是我昨天看到你写的那篇吗?分析句子可知,read作不及物动词时,后常跟副词如beautifully,easily等,用主动形式表示被动意义,同时根据句中时态
31、可知,应使用一般现在时。主语Your composition为第三人称单数形式,其后谓语动词应使用reads。故填reads。35(2021上海市奉贤区景秀高级中学高一期末)With a lot of homework _ (finish), the sleepy boy cant go to sleep as he wishes.【答案】to finish【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:有许多家庭作业要完成,这个困倦的男孩不能如愿睡觉。分析句子可知,此处考查“with+宾语+宾语补足语”结构,根据the sleepy boy cant go to sleep as he wishes可知,作业
32、还没有完成,用不定式表示未完成动作,且homework是finish的逻辑宾语,用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义,故填to finish。36(2021全国高一专题练习)The broken computer needs_ (repair).【答案】to be repaired或repairing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:这台坏了的电脑需要修理。表示“需要被”为sth need doing sth.= sth need to be done。故填to be repaired或repairing。37(2020全国高一课时练习)What the general manager said was
33、 worth _(write)down.【答案】writing【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:总经理的话值得记下来。表示“值得做某事”为be worth doing sth.。故填writing。38(2021苏州市相城区陆慕高级中学高一期中)I dont think the windows need_ (clean) at this time of the night. 【答案】cleaning【详解】考查固定搭配和动名词。句意:我认为不必在夜里这个时候擦窗户。need doing意为“需要被”,为固定搭配,用动名词作宾语,主动表被动。故填cleaning。39(2021苏州市相城区陆慕高级中
34、学高二期中)We have made environmental policies for business _ (observe).【答案】to observe【详解】考查不定式。句意:我们制定了环境政策供企业遵守。分析句子可知,observe作定语,修饰policies,由“ for business ”推断,用不定式的复合结构作后置定语,且policies是observe的逻辑宾语,故用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义,故填to observe。40(2020全国高三)The young trees we planted last week require _(look) after wit
35、h great care.【答案】looking【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:我们上星期种的小树需要被细心照料。表示“需要被做某事”短语为require doing sth.。故填looking。二、能力提升训练1(2020天津高一期末)- Excuse me, sir, can I take this road to Tianjin Railway Station? - Sorry, youd better not. A bridge to it _ at the moment.Ais being repairedBhas been repairedCwill be repairedDis
36、repaired【答案】A【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:对不起,先生,我可以走这条路去天津火车站吗?对不起,你最好不要。目前,通往它的一座桥正在修理。A.is being repaired正在被修理(现在进行时的被动语态); B.has been repaired已经被修理(现在完成时的被动语态);C.will be repaired 将要被修理(将来进行时的被动语态);D.is repaired被修理(一般现在时的被动语态)。根据上一句“youd better not”可知,路应该正在被修理。用现在进行时的被动语态。故选A。2(2021上海市金山中学高一期中)I firmly believe
37、 that the project, if_ according to the plan, will definitely work out well.Acarrying outBbeing carried outCcarried outDto be carried out【答案】C【详解】考查省略句。句意:我坚信这个项目,如果按照计划进行,一定会顺利进行。分析句子结构,that引导的宾语从句中,主句的主语是the project,和if引导的条件状语从句主语一致,状语从句中可省略主语和be动词,宾语从句的主句为一般将来时,if条件句使用一般现在时代替将来时,主语the project和car
38、ry out为被动关系,需用被动语态,完整的从句是“if it is carried out according to the plan”,此处省略了it is。故选C。3(2021上海交大附中高一开学考试)Technology giants are fighting for their future as consumers switch their loyalties from personal computers to mobile devices. By 2025, 5 billion people_ to be carrying around the tiny computers i
39、n their pockets.Aare expectedBwill be expectedChave been expectedDwill have been expected【答案】A【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:随着消费者从个人电脑转向移动设备,科技巨头们正在为自己的未来而战。到2025年,预计将有50亿人随身携带这种微型电脑。expect期待,与主语people构成动宾关系,句子用被动语态,根据句意可知,“50亿人被期待随身携带微型电脑”是一般的预测,用一般现在时的被动语态,构成be+done结构,主语为复数,be动词用are。B. will be expected一般将来时的被动语态
40、;C. have been expected现在完成时的被动语态;D. will have been expected将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。4(2021广东高一期末)The number of deaths from heart disease will be reduced greatly if people _ to eat more fruit and vegetables.Aare persuadedBwill persuadeCbe persuadedDpersuaded【答案】A【详解】考查时态语态。句意:如果人们被劝服吃更多的水果蔬菜,死于心脏病的数量将大大降低。分析句子
41、可知,本句主句是一般将来时,if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时,从句中的主语people是被说服去吃更多的水果蔬菜,故用一般现在时的被动语态。故选A。5(2021广东高一期末)A new stadium _ at present in our city. Work on it _ in another two months.Ais built; will completeBis being built; will completeCis being built; will be completedDis building; will be completed【答案】C【详解】考察动词时态和被动
42、语态。句意:我们城里一座新的体育场现在正在建设中。它的建设工作将在两个月内完成。根据前一句的时间状语at present与主语a new stadium可知,第一空格填现在进行时,主语stadium与谓语动词build是被动关系,用被动语态,主语是a new stadium为单数名词,所以用is ,所以第一空答案为is being built;根据第二句的时间状语in another two months可知,用一般将来时,主语it与谓语动词complete是被动关系,故用一般将来时的被动语态,所以第二空答案为will be completed。故选C。6(2021深圳市高级中学高一期末)At
43、 the moment further research into the virus _ out. It will soon be shown to the public.Awere carriedBhas been carriedCis being carriedDare carried【答案】C【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:目前对这种病毒的进一步研究正在进行中。它将很快被展示给公众。由语意可知,研究和进行之间是被动关系,用被动语态;且根据At the moment 可知,此处是现在正在执行的动作,所以用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C项7(2021华东师范大学附属东昌中学高一期中)The
44、 old man, who _ in the rope, saw the fishing spear _ into the sharks head.Awas wrapping, threwBwrapped, being thrownCwas wrapped, thrownDwrapping, throw【答案】C【详解】考查动词时态语态和非谓语。句意:被绳子缠住的老人看到鱼叉被扎进鲨鱼的脑袋里。第一空为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词The old man,先行词在从句中作主语,与逻辑主语构成被动关系,根据后文saw可知用一般过去时的被动语态;第二空为“see+宾语+宾补”结构,the fishin
45、g spear与throw构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故选C。8(2021长春市第二十九中学高一期中)The princess hat was really fancy, which _ with gold and jewels.AdecoratedBdecoratesCwas decoratedDwas decorating【答案】C【详解】考查动词时态语态和主谓一致。句意:公主的帽子很别致,上面装饰着黄金和珠宝。此处为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词hat,先行词在从句中作主语,与谓语动词decorate构成被动关系,根据上文was可知用一般过去时的被动语态,谓语动词与先行词保持一致,应用
46、单数。故选C。9(2019上海交大附中高一开学考试)Afterschool we went to the reading room to do some reading, only _ that it _.Abeing told; was decoratedBtelling, had decoratedCto be told; was being decoratedDtold; had been decorating【答案】C【详解】考查非谓语动词和时态及语态。句意:放学后我们去阅览室读书,但是被告知它正在被装修。第一空应使用非谓语形式,“only+不定式”作状语表示意料之外的结果,且动词te
47、ll和逻辑主语we之间是动宾关系,所以使用不定式的被动语态;第二空是从句谓语,根据we went to the reading room to do some reading可知,句子是讲述过去发生的事情,且结合句意可知decorate表示的动作正在进行,所以使用过去进行时,又decorate和主语it之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,故选C项。10(2021江西南昌市南昌二中高一期末)We are confident that the environment _ by our further effort to reduce pollution.Ahas improvedBwill be im
48、provedCis improvedDhas been improved【答案】B【详解】考查时态语态。句意:我们相信通过我们进一步共同努力减少污染,环境将会得到改善。根据空格后“by our further effort”可知通过进一步的努力改善环境是指通过未来的努力,那么环境的改善应是在未来发生;再结合主句谓语are 可知,空格处应为一般将来时,空格前主语为the environment 与improve之间关系为被动,所以应用一般将来时的被动语态。故选B。11(2021广东江门市高一期末)It is well-known that the 2022 Winter Olympic Game
49、s _ in Bejing.Aare heldBwill be heldCheldDwill hold【答案】B【详解】考查时态语态。句意:众所周知,2022年冬奥会将在北京举行。分析句子可知,设空处为谓语,根据句子中的时间2022,可知应用一般将来时,主语和谓语之间是被动关系,因此用一般将来时的被动结构,故选B。12(2021全国高一)He believes that VR films_ by most people.Awill acceptBhave acceptedChas been acceptedDwill be accepted【答案】D【详解】考查动词时态及语态。句意:他认为VR
50、电影会被大多数人接受。根据句意可知,此处描述的将来发生的事情,应使用一般将来时;VR films与accept是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态。故选D。13(2021全国高一)I dont know when he _ to work in that country, perhaps next week.Awas testedBwill be testedChas been testedDtested【答案】B【详解】考查时态。句意:我不知道他什么时候会在那个国家接受测试,也许是下周。分析句子,“他在那个国家接受测试”是还没有发生的事情,他与接受测试为逻辑上的被动关系,用被动语态,所以为一般将来
51、时的被动语态will be tested。故选B项。14(2021全国高一)A special committee of scientists_ to study AIs effects on economy in the years ahead.Ahave established.Bwill be established.Care established.Dis establishing【答案】B【详解】考查动词时态和语态。句意:以后,将会建立一个特别的科学家委员会,来研究人工智能对经济的影响。in the years ahead是一般将来时态的时间标志,主语committee和establ
52、ish是被动关系,因此要用一般将来时态的被动语态,will be done。故选B。15(2019上海复旦附中高一期末)Fears haunted him those days _ he _ down by the scandal.Athat; draggedBthat; would be draggedCwhich; had been draggedDwhen; would drag【答案】B【详解】考查同位语从句和时态。句意:那些日子里他一直担心这件丑闻会把他拖下水。第一空为同位语从句,解释fears的具体内容,从句中不缺少成分,句意完整,故应用that;第二空中,he与drag构成被动关
53、系,且指从过去的某个时间来看,将要发生的动作,应用过去将来时。故选B。16(2020天津一中高一期末)The discovery of gold in Australia led thousands to believe that a fortune_.Ais madeBwould makeCwould be madeDhad made【答案】C【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:在澳大利亚发现黄金让成千上万的人相信要发财了。分析句子可知,that引导一个宾语从句,作动词believe的宾语,动词make和从句的主语a fortune之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,根据句意可知此处表示“将要发财”,
54、结合主句“The discovery of gold in Australia led.”使用的一般过去时可知, 此处应使用过去将来时的被动语态,故选C项。17(2021广东茂名市高一期末)Jan feels very glad because her life _by the Internet.Ahave been great improvedBhas been greatly improvedChas greatly improvedDhas been greatly improving【答案】B【详解】考查动词时态、语态以及修饰。句意:Jan感到很高兴,因为互联网大大改善了她的生活。动词
55、improve和主语her life之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,故排除CD两项;主语her life为第三人称单数,主谓一致,且修饰动词应用副词,排除A项。故选B项。18(2021上海高一月考)Up till now, the passengers who had close contact with the three sick people _ in hospital under medical observation.AputBhas putChave been putDbeing put【答案】C【详解】考查现在完成时的被动语态。句意:到目前为止,与三名病人有过密切接触的乘客已被送往
56、医院接受医学观察。根据“Up till now”可知,此处应用现在完成时。动词put和主语passengers构成被动关系,所以应用被动语态。故选C。19(2021长春市第二十九中学高一期中)Three-fourths of the homework _.Ahas finishedBhas been finishedChave finishedDhave been finished【答案】B【详解】考查语态和主谓一致。句意:四分之三的家庭作业已经被完成。主语homework和谓语动词finish之间是被动关系,应用被动语态,且homework是不可数名词,助动词应用has。故选B项。20(20
57、21广东茂名市高一期末)Quickly after the quakes the government sent workers to build shelters for survivors whose homes _.Ahad destroyedBwere destroyedChad been destroyedDhas been destroyed【答案】C【详解】考查时态语态。句意:地震发生后,政府迅速派工人为那些房屋被摧毁的幸存者建造避难所。分析可知,设空处为定语从句的谓语动词,主语homes和destroy之间为被动关系,且该动作发生在sent之前,即过去的过去,故应用过去完成时的
58、被动语态。故选C。21(2021上海交大附中高一开学考试)Ceres remains the largest known asteroids(小行星)in the sky. It means almost 600 miles in diameter. By the end of the nineteenth century, several hundred other asteroids_.Awere identifiedBhad identifiedChave been identifiedDhad been identified【答案】D【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意:Ceres是已知的
59、天空中最大的小行星。它的直径接近600英里。到19世纪末,又有几百颗其他的小行星被发现。19世纪末是一个过去的时间,根据by the end of the nineteenth century(到19世纪末为止)可知,其他几百颗小行星被发现是截止到19世纪末发生的情况,即:过去的过去。所以,该空应用过去完成时态。且主语several hundred other asteroids和identify之间是被动关系。所以该句应用过去完成时的被动语态。故选D。22(2020上海理工大学附属中学高一月考)The officer command that the wounded _ to hospita
60、l as soon as possible.Awould be sentBshould be sentCneed to sendDshould send【答案】B【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:军官命令伤员应该尽快被送往医院。command“命令”接宾语从句,宾语从句需使用虚拟语气:主语+(should)+ 动词原形,本句中主语the wounded与谓语send为被动关系。故选B项。23(2019江苏南京市高一期末)I wonder what makes TikTok popular among people of all ages. People have devoted most
61、of their energies which _for other more significant things.Awould be savedBcould have been saved Cmust have been savedDshould be saved【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查情态动词用法。句意:我想知道是什么让TikTok在所有年龄段的人当中都很受欢迎。人们把大部分精力都花在了本来可以用来做其他更重要的事情上。本题考查could + have done结构,表示过去本来有能力、有可能、有打算、有选择做某事的,但实际上却没有那样做,通常译为“本来可以”,“本来能够”,根据句
62、意分析,主语energy与谓语动词save构成被动意义,故答案为could have been saved,所以选B。24(2021江西南昌市南昌二中高一期末)Our singing club Melody had to _, because some members health _ under high study pressure, which was a pity.Abreak up; was broken downBbe broken up; broke downCbreak down; broke upDbreak up; broke down【答案】D【详解】考查动词短语和语态。
63、句意:我们的歌唱俱乐部Melody不得不解散,因为我们有些成员在很高的学习压力健康出了问题,这是一个遗憾。break up表示“分手,解散”时,为不及物动词短语,无被动;break down 表示“出问题,崩溃”时,为不及物动词短语,无被动;根据空格前Our singing club Melody had to可知,第一个空填break up表示俱乐部解散;根据第二个空格前members health可知,此空填break down 表示健康出问题,根据前半句时态可知此处用一般过去式broke down。故选D。25(2021广东实验中学高一期末)If the dictionary _ you
64、,put it where it _. Adoesnt belong to; belongs toBisnt belong to; is belongedCdoesnt belong to; belongsDisnt belong to; is belonged to【答案】C【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:如果这本词典不属于你,就把它放在该放的地方。由选项可知,本句时态用一般现在时,实义动词(词组)的否定形式的助动词用doesnt,belong to sb.(属于某人)没有被动形式,主动表被动,第二空where 引导的地点状语从句缺乏谓语,belong是不及物动词,构成句型“主语+不及物动词”
65、结构,从句主语 it是单数,谓语加s。故选C项。26(2020深圳实验学校高一期中)I want to buy that kind of cloth because I _ the cloth _ well.Ahave told; washedBhave been told; washesChave been told; washedDwas told; washed【答案】B【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:我想去买那种布料,因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗。有一些不及物动词与副词连用表示主语的特点如write well好写;本题的wash well表示这种布料的特点。句子为一般现在时。第一空表示
66、的是被动语态,是被告知。句子为现在完成时。故B正确。27(2021嫩江市高级中学高二期末)This is her only request that the room_ after being used.Abe cleanedBis cleanedCwould be cleanedDwill be cleaned【答案】A【详解】考查虚拟语气和被动语态。句意:她唯一的要求就是房间用完后要打扫。request表示“要求”所接的that引导的同位语从句一般用虚拟语气,其虚拟语气的结构为:(should) +原形动词,should可省略,从句中主语room与clean构成被动关系,应用被动语态。故选
67、A。28(2021全国高二)He told us that the building _ when he came to the city two years ago.Ahas been destroyedBhas destroyedChad been destroyedDwas destroyed【答案】C【详解】考查时态和被动语态。句意:他告诉我们二年前他回到这个城市时这座建筑已经被被毁坏了。主句中时态是一般过去时,宾语从句时态要与其一致,且宾语从句中动词的动作发生在主句谓语动词的动作之前,所以用过去完成时,表示在另一个过去行动(told)之前就已经完成了的事件。宾语从句中的主语the b
68、uilding与动词destroy是动宾关系,要用被动语态,表示被动。因此,用过去完成时的被动语态。故选C。29(2021广州市禺山高级中学高二月考)The dictionary as well as the grammar books that _ bookmarks in them _ Jane.Ahas; belong toBhave; belongs toChave; is belonged toDhas; are belonged to【答案】B【详解】考查主谓一致及语态。句意:字典和有书签的语法书是属于Jane的。第一空处是由that引导的定语从句,其先行词为为books,故谓语动
69、词要用复数形式。第二空处应为整个句子的谓语,其单复数形式应与as well as前面的主语保持一致,又因belong to无被动结构,且句子为一般现在时。故选B。30(2021唐山市第十一中学高二月考)I dont think the song is worth_.Alisten toBlisteningCbeing listened toDlistening to【答案】D【详解】考查固定搭配。句意:我认为这首歌不值得听。be worth doing为固定搭配,意为值得做,一般用主动表被动。听歌曲用listen to,因此“歌曲值得听”为 the song is worth listenin
70、g to,故只有D项符合题意。故正确答案为D。31(2021广东广州市执信中学高二月考)Even though the top of the mountain is difficult _, many people have managed to do it.Ato be reachedBto get toCto arriveDgot【答案】B【详解】考查不定式。句意:尽管山顶很难到达,但许多人还是成功地到达了。分析句子可知,空格处作状语修饰difficult,形容词后用不定式作状语,句子的主语是不定式的逻辑宾语,应用不定式的主动形式表示被动含义,故排除A、C、D项,故选B。32(2021全国
71、高二)I find these problems are easy _.Ato be worked outBto work them outCto work outDto be worked them out【答案】C【详解】考查主动表达被动。句意:我发现这些问题很容易解决。“名词(代词) be easy(difficult, fit等形容词) 不定式” 结构中,有时尽管主语是动作的承受者,不定式在意义上是被动,形式上却是主动,句中these problems是work out的宾语。故选C。33(2021天水市第一中学高二期中)Mosquitoes are _ for many diseas
72、es, including Ebola.Ato blameBblamedCto be blamedDblaming【答案】A【详解】考查固定短语。句意:蚊子是许多疾病的罪魁祸首,包括埃博拉病毒。blarme 是及物动词,一般用blame sb(for sth.)但常用习惯用法be to blame表示被动意义,“应该受责备”。故选A。34(2021全国高二)In my opinion, it is the present examination system rather than the teachers, that _ for the heavy burden on todays stud
73、ents.Ais blamedBare to blameCis to blameDare blamed【答案】C【详解】考查主谓一致和动词blame的习惯用法。句意:在我看来,是现在的考试制度,而不是老师,要为今天的学生的沉重负担负责。Be to blame这个词组是用主动形式表示被动,排除AD选项;这是个强调句,强调的是主语,谓语和强调的主语一致the present examination system rather than the teacher,rather than连接两个主语时,谓语动词和前面的一个保持一致,就是the present examination system,所以谓
74、语用单数。故选C。35(2021黑龙江大庆市大庆实验中学高二期中)_ is that you should not tell other people the password of your computer.AIt requestsBWhat requestsCAs is requestedDWhat is requested【答案】D【详解】考查主语从句。句意:被要求的是你不应该告诉别人你的电脑的密码。空格后面的is 是这句话的谓语,所以空格处是句子的主语,主语从句中的谓语是request,引导词作主语,用what连接主语从句,表示“的(东西)”,与request是被动关系,结合语境和i
75、s可知,应用一般现在时的被动语态,且what作主语时,一般看作单数。故选D。36(2021天津耀华中学高二期中)It is reported that more than one new house_ at present in the disaster area.Ahas been builtBhave been builtCis being builtDare being built【答案】C【详解】考查现在进行时的被动语态和主谓一致。句意:据报道,目前灾区正在建造不止一幢新房子。根据at present可知,此处应用现在进行时。动词build意为“建造”,和主语house构成被动关系。“
76、more than one+可数名词单数”做主语,谓语动词用单数。故选C。37(2021天津高二期末)-Why didnt you bring your computer here yesterday?-Oh, it_ by my neighbor then.Ais checkedBwas checkedCwas being checkedDwas checking【答案】C【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:你昨天为什么不把电脑带到这里来?哦,当时我的邻居正在检查。根据上文时态是一般过去时,以及then“当时”,可知此处时态是过去进行时,描述正在发生的事情;由主语为it,与check之间是被动关系
77、,因此要用过去进行时的被动语态。故选C项。38(2021天津三中高二期中)If you go to see a 3D film, you special glasses _ in the cinema.Awill be offeredBwere offeredCofferedDwill offer【答案】A【详解】考查时态和语态。句意:如果你去看3D电影,电影院会提供给你特别的眼镜。根据从句If you go to see a 3D film可知主句时态可用一般将来时,由主语是you special glasses,与offer之间是被动关系,因此要用一般将来时的被动语态。 故选A项。39(2
78、021深圳市罗湖外语学校高二期中)Large quantities of information, as well as timely help_ to us over the past 2 years.Ahave been offeredBhas been offeredCwas offeredDhad been offered【答案】A【详解】考查主谓一致和时态语态。句意:在过去的2年里,为我们提供了大量的信息和及时的帮助。根据后文“over the past 2 years”可知用现在完成时,主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,用现在完成时的被动语态;as well as连接并列主语,谓语动词应
79、根据其前面部分主语的人称和数来确定,主语“Large quantities of+不可数名词”是复数意义,助动词用have。故选A。40(2021全国高二)By the time of the ban was finally lifted, he _ at the airport for more than two weeks.Awas stuckBhad been stuckChas been stuckDhad stuck【答案】B【详解】考查动词的时态和语态。句意:当禁令最终解除时,他已经在机场滞留了两个多星期。根据By the time of the ban was finally l
80、ifted可知此处的时态是过去完成时,再由主语是he,与stick之间是动宾关系,因此要用过去完成时的被动语态。故选B项。三、真题实战演练(语法填空)1、(2021年新高考八省联考)The little home 60 (paint)white. It was sweet and fresh. 【解析】考查被动语态。句意:这个小房子被漆成了白色。分析句子结构可知,设空处作谓语动词,The little home作主语。结合句意及常识可知,房子是“被漆”的,主语和谓语动词之间是被动关系,所以要用被动语态;根据上文的was built可知,此处为一般过去时态;一般过去时的被动语态结构是was/we
81、re+过去分词;主语The little home是单数第三人称,所以要用was,提示词paint的过去分词形式是painted。故填was painted。2、 (2021年全国高考甲卷)The Xian City Wall is the most complete city wall that has survived Chinas long history. It 61 (build) originally to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored (修复).【解析】考查被动语
82、态。句意:它最初是为了保护唐代的城市而建造的,现在已经完全修复了。分析句子可知,空格处为谓语,动词build和主语之间是被动关系,应用被动语态(be done),根据句意和时间状语the Tang dynasty可知,用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,主语it为第三人称单数,主谓一致,故填was built。3、 (2021年浙江高考)It is calculated by dividing a persons weight in kg by their height in meters squared. and a BMI of between 19 and 25 59 (consider)
83、healthy. 【解析】考查动词被动语态。句意:它的计算方法是用一个人的体重(公斤)除以身高(米)的平方,BMI在19到25之间被认为是健康的。分析句子结构可知,句子缺少谓语,主语(a BMI)是单数,时态是一般现在时,且主语和consider是表被动关系,故填is considered。4、 (2020年海南高考)Readers59 (encourage)to continue exploring the digital world with the guidance of our Further Resources section featured in each volume.【解析】
84、考查语态。句意:我们鼓励读者继续探索数字世界,并在每一卷的参考资料部分提供指导。主语Readers与encourage之间为被动关系,所以用被动语态。根据文章中的时态可知,用一般现在时。故填are encouraged。5、 (2020年北京高考)Single-use plastic bags are used at most a few times before they24 (throw) away.【解析】考查时态语态。句意:一次性塑料袋在扔掉之前最多使用几次。本文讲的是客观事实,应该用一般现在时,主语they(Single-use plastic bags )和谓语动词throw之间是
85、被动关系,应用一般现在时的被动语态,且谓语动词用复数形式。故填are thrown。6、 (2020年全国高考)The parts of a museum open to the public 65 (call) galleries or rooms.【解析】考查动词时态及语态。句意:博物馆对公众开放的部分被称为画廊或展厅。此处描述的是客观使用,应使用一般现在时;主语与call是逻辑动宾关系,应使用被动语态,且主语是复数概念。故填are called。7、(2020年全国高考)The artist was sure he would58 (choose), but when he presen
86、ted his masterpiece to the emperors chief minister, the old nan laughed【解析】考查动词语态。句意:画家确信他会被选中,但是当他把他的杰作送给皇帝的宰相时,这位老人笑了。本句中主语he与谓语动词choose构成被动关系,且would后跟动词原形。故填be chosen。8、(2020年全国高考)we have the chance to obtain information about how the moon 68 (construct)【解析】考查时态、语态和主谓一致。句意同上。分析句子可知,此处是宾语从句谓语动词,谓语construct与主语the moon之间是被动关系,应使用被动语态,再由上下文可知此处应使用一般现在时,主语the moon是单数,故填is constructed。9、(2020年全国高考People tend to focus on the first factor. However, greater attention should 69 (place)on longevity(长寿). )【解析】考查动词时态语态。句意:然而,更多的关注应放在寿命上。本句中主语与谓语动词构成被动关系,且should后跟动词原形,故填be placed。