1、热点09 阅读理解【命题趋势】1. 考点趋势：今后对语篇领悟能力的检测仍是高考的重点和基本点，同时还需关注对主旨大意题和文章结构题的考查。2. 理解层次趋势：表层意义理解题减少，深层含义理解题增多。考查难度有所增加，由简单寻找信息向多层次细节推理的趋势比较明显。3. 信息量和词汇量：阅读理解材料信息浓缩，词汇总量减少，但对词汇量的考查在加大，非考纲词汇有所增加(主要为词根加上前、后缀或有词义转化的词)。旨在引导学生掌握词汇的合成、派生和转化，让考生能通过上下文或构词法来理解词汇的含义。考试说明中根据上下文推断单词和短语的含义这一新要求预示对能力要求有所提高。4. 句子的难度：长句增多，句子难度
2、加大。复合句、省略句、倒装句和插入语等语言现象普遍。5. 体裁和题材：继续体现体裁和题材多样化，并彰显英语国家语言与文化特点，强化文化意识的渗透。题材涉猎广泛，体现语言是文化的载体这一理念。【满分技巧】一、细节理解类题型一篇文章必然是由许多具体的细节、具体的内容构成的，所有这些信息以某种顺序（时间、空间、情感变化等）排列起来，来进一步解释或阐释主题，体现文章的主旨大意。细节理解题目主要考查学生对文章具体事实和细节的理解能力，属于表层理解题范畴，难度较小，但在整个阅读理解题中所占比例最大，细节理解题多从文章的某个具体事实或细节出发来设计题目。此类题通常根据文章具体内容来设问，也常使用下列方式来提
3、问：1.Which of the following statements is(not) true/correct?2.Which of the following is not mentioned?3.All of the following are true except.4.According to the passage, when/where/why/how/how/what/which, etc.?二、推理判断类题型推理题要求考生根据文章提供的事实和线索进行逻辑推理，推断出作者没有提到或者没有明说的事实或者可能发生的事实。这类题旨在考查学生透过词语的字面意义去理解作者的言外之意或
4、弦外之音的能力，属于深层理解题。此类题的设问常常包括infer, imply, suggest, conclude等词，这类题的设问方式主要有：1. We can infer from the Passage that_.2. What can be inferred from the Passage?3. Which of the following can be inferred from the Passage?4. It can be inferred from Paragraph 3 that_.5. The author suggests in this paragraph tha
5、t_.6. The writer implies that_.7. It can be inferred that_.8. It can be concluded from the Passage that_.9. On the whole, we can conclude that_.10. From the text we can conclude that_.11. After reading the Passage we may conclude that_.12. What conclusion can be drawn from the Passage?13. The author
6、 is inclined to think that_.14. When the writer talks about, what he really means is that _.15. Whats the writers attitude/feeling towards.?16. In the writers opinion,.三、词义猜测类题型阅读理解题中常要求学生猜测某些单词或短语的意思。历年英语高考题中均有此类题目，有的文章尽管没有专门设题，但由于文章中常常出现生词，因此，词义的猜测还是贯穿在文章的阅读理解之中。解这类题目一般是通过上下文去理解或根据构词法去猜测。判断一个单词的意思
7、不但离不开句子，而且还需要把句子放在上下文中，根据上下文提供的线索加以猜测。运用构词法,语境等推测关键词义。四、主旨大意类题型主旨大意类题型主要测试学生对文章全面理解和概括的能力，提问的内容可能是全文的大意，也可能是某段的段落大意，一般不易在文中直接找到答案。怎样把握主旨大意题呢？通常有以下几种方法：（一）阅读文章的标题或副标题文章的标题是一篇文章的题眼，通过阅读标题或副标题可以迅速把握文章的主旨大意。（二）寻找文章的主题句分析篇章结构，找出文章主题。在许多情况下，尤其在阅读说明文和议论文时，根据其篇章特点我们可以通过仔细阅读短文的第一句或第二句，即文章的主题句来归纳出文章的主题.若短文由若干
8、段组成，除仔细阅读第一段的首句外，还须仔细阅读每一段的第一句，即段落中心。通常文章的中心思想包含在文章的首句，有时也在文章的末句，其他句子都是用来说明和阐述主题句。因此，在确定文章的中心思想时，要求学生重视阅读文章的首句和末句。但也有一些文章，中心思想常常贯穿在全文中，因此要求学生综观全文，对段落的内容要融会贯通，对文章透彻理解后归纳总结。主题句的特点是：1. 相对于其他句子，它表达的意思比较概括；2. 主题句一般结构简单；3. 段落中其他句子必定是用来解释，支撑或发展主题句所表达的思想的。【热点话题】应用文广告类、记叙文人物故事类、说明文科技环保类、议论文社会现象类【限时检测】（建议用时：3
9、0分钟）A（江西师范大学附属中学2019届高三三模）话题：应用文，美国夏洛特市的文化活动难度：建议用时：5分Our Annual Cultural EventsA Night in RioWe are proud to bring the energy and enthusiasm of Brazilian Carnival to Charlotte with A Night inRio! Get a taste of Carnival through dancing, live music, authentic food, drinks and marketplace. Put on you
10、r green and yellow, and join us for the unforgettable experience of Brazilian Carnival!Date: Saturday, February 24, 2018TICKETS AVAILABLE ONLY AT THE DOORLocation: Neighborhood Theatre, CharlotteTime: 7 PMRitmo & SaborWe are thrilled to bring the annual celebration Ritmo & Sabor Festival! Featuring
11、dance performances and FREE dance lessons and delicious, authentic Latin cuisine, this festival will be a fantastic celebration for the entire family to enjoy! Food and beer will be available for purchase. Come out to enjoy a great summer evening of Ritmo & Sabor!Date: Saturday July 2, 2018Location:
12、 International & Cultural Center, CharlotteTime: 511 PMFREE ADMISSIONLas AmricasJoin us in the annual celebration LAS AMRICAS! We display our history and identity of Latin America through musical performances, story-telling and poetry. Enjoy yourself with local artists, shop your way through a marke
13、t of arts and crafts and join in some of the finest Latin American cuisine.Date: August 18, 2018Location: Midwood International & Culture Center, CharlotteTime: 27 PMAdmission is FREE.Latin American FestivalFestival Latinoamericano returns for its 28th year, with musical artists and dance performanc
14、es, a diverse authentic selection of Latin American food, visual artists, and a street festival environment with activities for the whole family.Location: Symphony Park at South Park Mall, CharlotteDate: Saturday Sept. 29 (1-8pm)Admission: $10; Children aged 8 & under are free.1. What does Ritmo & S
15、abor mainly provide?A. Music and visual art.B. Food and beer.C. Dance and poetry.D. Dance and food.2. What can you do at Las Amricas?A. Buy some local crafts as souvenirs.B. Enjoy typical Latin American beer.C. Dance in green and yellow clothes.D. Watch local dancers performances.3. Which event requ
16、ires a ticket for a seven-year-old child?A. Las Amricas.B. Ritmo & Sabor.C. A Night in Rio.D. Latin American Festival.【文章大意】这是一篇应用文。短文介绍了美国夏洛特市一年一度的文化活动的相关信息。1. D【解析】细节理解题。由Ritmo & Sabor中的 ! Featuring dance performances and FREE dance lessons and delicious, authentic Latin cuisine.! 可知，以舞蹈表演、免费舞蹈课和美
17、味的正宗拉丁美食为特色。所以Ritmo & Sabor节主要提供的是舞蹈和食物。故D选项正确。2. A【解析】细节理解题。由Las Amricas中的 Enjoy yourself with local artists, shop your way through a market of arts and crafts and join in some of the finest Latin American cuisine. 可知，与当地的艺术家一起狂欢，在艺术品和工艺品市场购物，享受最好的拉丁美洲美食。所以你能在Las Amricas节上购买一些当地工艺品作为纪念品。故A选项正确。3. C
18、【解析】细节理解题。由A Night in Rio中的 TICKETS AVAILABLE ONLY AT THE DOOR 可知，参加这个文化活动，需要门票。所以A Night in Rio要求7岁的孩子购票才可进入。故C选项正确。B（2019天津耀华中学高考模拟）话题：记叙文，成长的烦恼难度：建议用时：5分OK，I said to my daughter as she bent over her afternoon bowl of rice. Whats going on with you and your friend J.？ J. is the leader of a group of
19、 third-graders at her camp-a position Lucy herself occupied the previous summer? Now, shes the one on the outs and every day at snack time，she tells me all about it，while I offer the unhelpful advice all summer long. Shes fond of giving orders, Lucy complained. Shes turning everyone against me. Shes
20、 mean. And shes fat. Excuse me， I said，struggling for calm. What did you just say？ Shes fat. Lucy mumbled（含糊地说）. Were going upstairs， I said，my voice cold. Were going to discuss this. And up we went. Id spent the nine years since her birth getting ready for this day，the day wed have the conversation
21、 about this horrible word. I knew exactly what to say to the girl on the receiving end of the teasing（取笑），but in all of my imaginings（想象的情况），it never once occurred to me that my daughter would be the one who used the F word-Fat.My daughter sat on her bed，and I sat beside her. How would you feel if s
22、omeone made fun of you for something that wasnt your fault？ I began. She could stop eating so much， Lucy mumbled，mouthing the simple advice a thousand doctors have given overweight women for years. its not always that easy， I said. Everyones different in terms of how they treat food. Lucy looked at
23、me，waiting for me to go on. I opened my mouth，and then closed it. Should I tell her that，in teasing a womans weight，shes joined the long tradition of critics？Should I tell her I didnt cry when someone posted my picture and commented，Im sorry，but arent authors who write books marketed to young women
24、supposed to be pretty？ Does she need to know，now，that life isnt fair？I feel her eyes on me，waiting for an answer I dont have. Words are my tools. Stories are my job. Its possible shell remember what I say forever，and I have no idea what to say.So I tell her the only thing I can come up with that is
25、absolutely true. I say to my daughter, I love you，and there is nothing you could ever do to make me not love you. But Im disappointed in you right now. There are plenty of reasons for not liking someone. What she looks like isnt one of them. Lucy nods，tears on her cheeks. I wont say that again，she t
26、ells me，and I pull her close，pressing my nose against her hair. As we sit there together，I pray for her to be smart and strong. I pray for her to find friends，work she loves，a partner who loves her. And still，always，I pray that she will never struggle as Ive struggled，that weight will never be her c
27、ross to bear. She may not be able to use the word in our home，but I can use in my head. I pray that she will never get fat.4. The underlined sentence in Paragraph I indicates that Lucy _.A. often makes fun of her friend J.B. has turned against her friend J.C. gets along well with her friend J.D. has
28、 begun to compete with her friend J.5. Why does the author want to discuss with Lucy？A. Because she wants to offer some other helpful advice.B. Because she has prepared the conversation for nine years.C. Because she is really shocked at Lucys rudeness.D. Because she decides to tell Lucy a similar st
29、ory of her own.6. What does the author want her daughter to know？A. It is not easy to take the doctors advice to eat less.B. People shouldnt complain because life is unfair.C. She herself was once laughed at for her appearance.D. People shouldnt be blamed for their appearance.7. It can be inferred f
30、rom the passage that _.A. the author earns a living by writing storiesB. the author is a fat but good-looking womanC. the author predicted what would happen to her daughterD. the authors daughter agreed with her from the beginning8. The authors attitude towards her daughter can be best described as
31、_.A. satisfied and friendlyB. indifferent but patientC. loving but strict.D. unsatisfied and angry【文章大意】本文属于记叙文，在这个以瘦为美的世界里，你也许是个异类而被嘲笑、被排挤，从满怀期待到默然不语，一直尝试摆脱这一切却发现实属不易。这世上没有人能更爱你：一位胖母亲用自己的成长故事说出了对女儿的爱和期许。4. B【解析】推理判断题。根据Whats going on with you and your friend J? J. is the leader of a group of third-
32、graders at her campa position Lucy herself occupied the previous summer. Now shes the one on the outs,作者询问女儿和J之间发生了什么事，J现在是夏令营领导，这个职位以前是Lucy的，得知Lucy和J反目成仇了。选B。5. C【解析】推理判断题。 根据第二、三段 Shes fond of giving orders, Lucy complained. Shes turning everyone against me. Shes mean. And shes fat. Excuse me， I s
33、aid，struggling for calm. What did you just say？ Shes fat. 得知Lucy抱怨J.爱发号施令长得又肥又胖，听到这些作者感到出乎意料，没想到女儿会用肥胖这个粗鲁的词眼。因此选C。6. D【解析】细节理解题。根据My daughter sat on her bed, and I sat beside her. How would you feel if someone made fun of you for something that wasnt your fault? 得知作者想要告诉女儿：人们不应该因为外貌而被别人指责。选D。7. A【解
34、析】推理判断题。根据Words are my tools. Stories are my job.得知作者是靠写作谋生的。选A。8. C【解析】推理判断题。通过作者和女儿的对话，可知作者深爱女儿但是又严格要求自己的女儿。选C。C（天津市宝坻一中2019届高三第三次模拟）话题：说明文，消极思想对人的不利影响和培养积极思想的方法策略难度：建议用时：5分Apart from psychological illness，we are all largely responsible for our own emotional health. What we say to ourselves over a
35、nd over for days, weeks, months，and sometimes years, has a great effect on how we see ourselves. This also contributes to many mental health disorders.Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds, but if youre buried in them and believe them, they could be wear
36、ing your sense of self-esteem. Here are a few beliefs that indicate you may need to switch the channel：Im not good enough? /I dont deserve.? /No one likes me? /Im a failure?Negative thoughts remind you of your bad feelings and they bring your focus on your failures, and they get you nowhere.What can
37、 you do? Here are some suggestions：Switch the channel when negative thoughts appear. Self-talk is not so obvious that we often dont notice its effect on our mood and belief systems. Key things to notice are if only or what if statements: the former keeps you caught in the past with regret, while the
38、 latter keeps you fearful of the future. There is nothing you can do about the past, and the future isnt here yet, so stay in the present moment.Recognize that actions always follow beliefs. Youll find yourself behaving in ways that are consistent to your beliefs. So, start believing the best about
39、yourself：act as if you believe that youre a valuable and worthy person.Develop positive self-talk rather than negative self-talk. Instead of always looking down upon yourself in your head, think of some things you actually like about yourself. What are your strengths? What are you good at? Instead o
40、f saying Im a loser ，try saying， I am capable./Im good at./I accept myself the way I am. Thinking poorly about ourselves gets us nowhere and is extremely self-limiting. Decide today to turn off the negative self-talk channel in your mind and develop your true potential.9. From the first two paragrap
41、hs we can learn that _.A. lots of people have no sense of self-esteemB. focusing on negative thoughts may have bad effect on peopleC. negative thoughts will strengthen our sense of self-esteemD. few people have negative thoughts and mental problems10. The underlined word wearing in Paragraph 2 is cl
42、osest in meaning to _.A. strengtheningB. protectingC. weakeningD. replacing11. What do the suggestions in the text tell us?A. Our beliefs always come after actions.B. Positive self-talk does good to our mental health.C. Looking down upon ourselves is a sign of modesty.D. What ifkeeps you stuck in th
43、e past with regret.12. The text encourages us to _.A. get rid of negative thoughtsB. get anywhere we likeC. think highly of othersD. turn off the self-talk channel13. This text is most likely to appear in _.A. a recreation guideB. a medical journalC. a science textbookD. a travel brochure【文章大意】本文属于说
44、明文，主要讲述消极思想对人的不利影响，以及培养积极的思想的方法策略。9. B【解析】推理判断题。根据文章第一段中的 What we say to ourselves over and over for days，weeks，months，and sometimes years，has a great effect on how we see ourselves. This also contributes to many mental health disorders. 以及第二段中的 Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playin
45、g on the channel of our minds 可以判断出，消极的思想会对人产生不利的影响，故答案为B。10. C【解析】词义猜测题。根据画线词前后的内容Many of us have problems with negative thoughts playing on the channel of our minds, but if youre buried in them and believe them可知，这里指的是消极的思想可能会减弱人们的自尊感（sense of self-esteem）。故wearing在此与weakening的意思最接近，表示 减弱 ，故选C。11.
46、 B【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段What can you do? Here are some suggestions：以及文章最后四段的内容可推知，积极的自我暗示对我们的心理有益，故B项正确。12. A【解析】推理判断题。根据第四段What can you do? Here are some suggestions：可知，本文告诉我们消极思想的危害以及避免消极思想的方法，故选A。13. B【解析】推理判断题。由于本文主要说明的是消极思想和积极思想对人们所产生的影响，故本文最有可能出现在医学杂志上，选B。D(2019年安徽省合肥市第六中学最后一卷)话题：说明文，电子产品噪音的危害难度：建议用时
47、：5分More than one billion young people risk damaging their hearing through the overuse of smartphones and other audio devices, the UN warned Tuesday, proposing new safety standards for safe volume levels.Currently, about five percent of the global population, or some 466 million people, including 34
48、million children, suffer from disabling hearing loss. Young people are particularly likely to develop such risky listening habits. Around half of those between the ages of 12 and 35, or 1.1 billion people, are at risk due to long and severe exposure to loud sounds, including music they listen to thr
49、ough personal audio devices, the UN health agency said.In a bid to safeguard hearing, the World Health Organization and International Telecommunications Union issued an international standard for the manufacture and use of audio devices. WHO considers a volume above 85 decibels for eight hours or 10
50、0 decibels for 15 minutes as unsafe. The safe listening devices and systems standard calls for a sound allowance software to be included in all audio devices, to track the volume level and duration of a users exposure to sound, and to evaluate the risk posed to their hearing. This system could alert
51、 a user if they have dangerous listening habits.WHO is also calling for parental as well as automatic volume controls on audio devices to prevent dangerous use. While some smartphones and other audio devices already offer some of these features, the UN would like to see a uniform standard used to he
52、lp protect against disabling hearing loss.Think of it like driving on a highway, but without a speedometer in your car or a speed limit, Shelly Chadha of the WHO told reporters in Geneva. What weve proposed is that your smartphones come fitted with a speedometer, with a measurement system which tell
53、s you how much sound youre getting and tells you if you are going over the limit.14. What is the purpose of proposing new safe volume standards?A. To warn people of dangerous listening habits.B. To help protect against disabling hearing loss.C. To promote the development of audio devices.D. To preve
54、nt the manufacture and use of audio devices.15. Where can you find the data that best supports young people risk damaging their hearing through the overuse of smartphones ?A. In paragraph 2.B. In paragraph 3.C. In paragraph 4.D. In paragraph 5.16. What do we know about safe volume levels according t
55、o paragraph 3?A. It is safe to listen to music under any circumstances.B. It is important to keep track of the risk for the users.C. It is necessary to have users alerted by their parents.D. It is acceptable to keep the volume at 90 decibels for 15 minutes.17. What is the best title for the text?A.
56、Turning Down the Volume.B. Making Good Use of Smartphones.C. The Rise and Fall of Audio Devices.D. The Safety Standards for Volume Levels.【文章大意】本文属于新闻，主要介绍由于过度使用电子产品，长期暴露于过高音量的环境中，超过10亿年轻人面临听力丧失的风险，因此联合国提议为安全音量设定新的安全标准。14. B【解析】推理判断题。根据第一段More than one billion young people risk damaging their hearin
57、g through the overuse of smartphones and other audio devices, the UN warned Tuesday, proposing new safety standards for safe volume levels.可知，超过10亿的年轻人由于过度使用手机和其他音频设备面临听力丧失的危险，因此联合国提议为安全音量设定新的安全标准，故可知，设定新标准是为了预防年轻人的听力丧失，故选B。15. A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段Young people are particularly likely to develop such ris
58、ky listening habits. Around half of those between the ages of 12 and 35, or 1.1 billion people, are at risk due to long and severe exposure to loud sounds, including music they listen to through personal audio devices, 可知，年轻人更有可能形成危险的听力习惯，将近一半的年龄在12至35岁的人，由于长时间暴露在过高音量的环境中，面临听力丧失的危险，故第二段可以证明年轻人面临听力丧失
59、危险，故选A。16. D【解析】推理判断题。根据第三段WHO considers a volume above 85 decibels for eight hours or 100 decibels for 15 minutes as unsafe.可知，世界卫生组织把连续八小时暴露于85分贝以上行为或者暴露于100分贝15分钟的行为定义为不安全，故可以推出，暴露于890分贝15分钟是安全，故选D。17. A【解析】主旨大意题。主要介绍由于过度使用电子产品，长期暴露于过高音量的环境中，超过10亿年轻人面临听力丧失的风险，因此联合国提议为安全音量设定新的安全标准。主要讲述过高音量的危害，呼吁降低
60、音量，故选A。E(甘肃省兰州市第一中学2019届高三6月最后高考冲刺模拟)话题：说明文，快走保护心脏健康和预防过早死亡难度：建议用时：5分The secret to living longer could be as simple as picking up your walking pace, according to a new study. Researchers from the University of Sydney found that walking at a brisk(快的) or fast pace was associated with a risk reduction
61、 of 24 percent for any cause of death.This effect was even more obvious in older age group, with fast walkers over the age of 60 reducing their risk of death by a surprising 53 percent. Professor Emmanuel Stamatakis, who led the study, explained, A fast pace is generally five to six kilometers per h
62、our, but it really depends on a walkers fitness levels; an alternatives indicator is to walk at a pace that makes you slightly out of breath or sweaty. In the study, the researchers looked at the results of 11 surveys from 1994 to 2008, in which participants recorded their walking pace, as well as a
63、ge, sex and BMI. The analysis showed that walking at an average pace was associated with a 20 percent risk reduction for all-cause mortality(死亡率) compared with walking at a slow pace, while walking at a brisk or fast pace was associated with a risk reduction of 24 percent.The researchers hope the fi
64、ndings will encourage the development of public health message about the benefits of walking pace. Professor Stamatakis added, These analyses suggest that increasing walking pace may be a straightforward way for people to improve heart health and risk for premature mortalityproviding a simple messag
65、e for public health campaigns to promote. Especially in situations when walking more isnt possible due to time pressures or a less walking-friendly environment, walking faster may be a good option to get the heart rate upone that most people can easily add to their lives. 18. Who benefit most from w
66、alking fast?A. Cancer sufferers.B. The elderly.C. Those who have heart problems.D. Those who have high BMI.19. What decides how fast a person can walk according to Professor Stamatakis?A. His/Her fitness levels.B. His/Her ages.C. His/Her will.D. His/Her BMI.20. Why can walking fast reduce death rate
67、?A. Most people like doing it.B. It benefits the heart.C. It reduces cancer mortality.D. Most people can do it easily.21. What is the main idea of the text?A. Walking is easy exercise for people to do.B. Walking has received little attention until now.C. More and more people are walking fast for hea
68、lth.D. A fast walking pace can benefit peoples health.【文章大意】这是一篇说明文。研究表明，快走能降低24%的死亡风险。具体走多快算快走要看每个人的健康水平，一般以稍微气喘吁吁或出汗为宜。快走是保护心脏健康和过早死亡的最简单直接的方式，科学家们希望研究结果能推动关于步行速度益处的公共卫生信息的发展。18. B【解析】细节理解题。由文章第二段中的 This effect was even more obvious in older age group（这个效果在年龄大点的群体中更加明显） ，可知，快走过程中老人最受益。故选B。19. A【解析
69、】细节理解题。由文章第二段中的 A fast pace is generally five to six kilometers per hour, but it really depends on a walkers fitness levels 可知，快走一般是每小时56公里，但是它实际上取决于走路者的健康水平。故选A。20. B【解析】细节理解题。由第四段中的 These analyses suggest that increasing walking pace may be a straightforward way for people to improve heart health
70、and risk for premature mortality（这些分析表明，加快走路速度可能是人们改善心脏健康，降低早死风险的直接方式。） 可知，快走有利于心脏健康，继而降低死亡风险。故选B。21. D【解析】主旨大意题。全文谈论的主题是快走能促进心脏健康，降低死亡风险。由谈论主题 walking fast 可以排除选项AB。文章没有提到现在人们对于快走的反应，故选项C错。选项D（快走利于人们的健康。）与全文主旨相符合，故选D。F（甘肃省兰州市第一中学2019届高三6月最后高考冲刺模拟）话题：议论文，打车软件和共享车辆会引起公共交通缓慢难度：建议用时：5分Ride-hailing apps
71、 and robot cars promise to change how we get around and the effects are already being felt. Traffic in New York is slowing down. Jams are common in Manhattan, especially in its business districts. Daytime traffic in the busiest areas now moves almost 20% more slowly than it did five years ago.It see
72、ms a place ripe for wide use of ride-hailing apps that, you might think, would reduce some of the jams. However, those apps appear to be making things worse as traffic has slowed in line with the growing popularity of apps such as Uber and Lyft, a study by transport expert Bruce Schaller suggests.Ov
73、er the four years of the study, the number of cars in Manhattan seeking ride-hailing fares increased by 81%. There are now about 68,000 ride-sharing drivers across New York. Thats about five times the number of the yellow cabs licensed to operate there, he found. There are so many drivers, his work
74、suggests, who spend about 45% of their spare time just touring for fares. That is a lot of unused cars blocking a lot of busy streets.Simple physics explains why ride-sharing vehicles are causing, not curing jams, said Jarrett Walker, a public transport policy expert who has advised hundreds of citi
75、es about moving people. Lots of people are deciding that, Oh, public transport is just too much trouble this morning, or whenever, which causes a shift from it, he told the BBC. That means moving people from larger vehicles into smaller ones, which means more vehicles to move the same people. Theref
76、ore, more traffic. Data gathered about ride-sharing drivers illustrates how they contribute to congestion(塞车), said Prof. Christo Wilson, a computer scientist at Northeastern University who has studied the services. You can look at the traffic pattern for the Uber vehicles and it perfectly matches t
77、he peaks for the rush hour and the peak time of a day, he said. They are out there in force at the worst possible times.22. What can we know about the cabs in New York?A. More cabs are needed to meet the demand.B. They often tour around the city seeking users.C. Their fares increased greatly over th
78、e four years.D. The number of them is far less than ride-sharing cars.23. What is Christo Wilsons attitude toward ride-sharing practice?A. NeutralB. NegativeC. IndifferentD. Supportive24. Which of the following best replaces it underlined in Paragraph 5.A. A jam.B. Public transportC. A car.D. A ride
79、-sharing vehicle.25. What is the best title for the text?A. Worse Road Jams.B. App Makes Terrible Jams.C. Efforts Needed for Traffic.D. Technology Counts in Future.【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。打车软件和机器人车的目的是要改变我们的出行方式，它们的效果也的确被人们感觉到了：交通更慢了。三个原因导致了这个现象的发生：共享车的数量越来越多，是出租车数量的五倍。打车比公共交通方便，很多人选择打车。共享车辆出来运行的时间与高峰期重合。22.
80、D【解析】细节理解题。由文章第三段中的 Thats about five times the number of the yellow cabs licensed to operate there, he found. 可知，现在共享车的数量是黄色出租车数量的五倍。也就是说出租车数量比共享汽车少得多。故选D。23. B【解析】推理判断题。由问题中的 Christo Wilson 可将答案定位在第六段。由第六段首句 Data gathered about ride-sharing drivers illustrates how they contribute to congestion(塞车)
81、可知，Christo Wilson收集的共享汽车的数据反映出来的是共享汽车很大程度上导致了堵车。所以他对共享汽车持消极态度。A. Neutral中立的；B. Negative消极的；C. Indifferent漠不关心的；D. Supportive支持的。故选B。24. B【解析】词义猜测题。句意：很多人在慢慢决定 今天早上公共交通太麻烦，或者什么时候公共交通都太麻烦，这就导致了从公共交通上的转移。 it 指代的是 public transport ，故选B。25. B【解析】主旨大意题。本文主要讲述的内容就是打车软件没有解决交通拥堵，反而让交通拥堵更加严重。故选B。G（江苏省南京师范大学附属
82、中学2019届高三5月模拟）话题：应用文，广告，哈利波特主题公园难度：建议用时：5分Put on your wizarding hats, Harry Potter fans, and get ready to fly through the treetops of Hogwarts Forbidden Forest when Universal Orlando launches its newest ride this June.When Universal Orlandos newest Wizarding World of Harry Potter ride, Hagrids Magic
83、al Creatures Motorbike Adventure, opens June 12, it will be a theme park game changer. Case in point: Universal planted 1,200 live trees to recreate the dark woods outside Hogwarts where the giant gamekeeper Hagrid lives. From there, expect a forests worth of incredible twists and turns.Here are all
84、 the details we know so far:Its designed by a Harry Potter pro: The art director of the ride, Alan Gilmore, actually worked on the Harry Potter movie sets as well.Youll feel like youre flying through the sky on a magical motorcycle: Although this ride is technically a coaster, its designed as an ind
85、ividual motorcycle to mimic the freedom of flight; expect to twist, turn, and rush forward.and backward.Theres more than one way to ride: You can sit in Hagrids drivers seat or in Harrys sidecar, and change up who you ride with and how.Youll encounter magical creatures: Since Hagrid is the schools g
86、amekeeper, theres always a menagerie of magical creatures nearby his home, and this ride will be no different. Expect to see the ferocious three-headed dog Fluffy; mayhem causing Cornish Pixies; and a totally new creature (still under wraps), too.Its fast! Hold on to your wands; this ride hits 50mph
87、!There will be obstacles: What, you thought youd just fly through the sky without any bad spells coming your way? According to Universal, riders will Hurl past challenging obstacles, become entangled in a thicket of Devils Snare.while encountering a few surprises along the way. No house elves allowe
88、d: Only those over 48 inches can ride (sorry).26. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Hagrids Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure is newlyopened and has attracted crowds of fans.B. Alan Gilmore is the director of both this new ride and the Harry Potter movie.C. Magical creatures and challenging obst
89、acles are designed to excite the riders.D. Whoever is interested in the fast motorcycle can buy the ticket and have a go at the ride.27. This passage above is a promotion to _.A. a theme parkB. a new movieC. a science fictionD. an express train【文章大意】本文是一则广告。本文介绍了哈利波特主题公园的一些细节信息，吸引哈利波特迷们去游玩。26. C【解析】
90、推理判断题。根据Youll encounter magical creatures: Since Hagrid is the schools gamekeeper, theres always a menagerie of magical creatures nearby his home, and this ride will be no different.(你会遇到神奇动物：因为Hagrid是学校的猎场看守，他的家附近总是有一大堆神奇动物，这次也不例外。)和There will be obstacles: What, you thought youd just fly through t
91、he sky without any bad spells coming your way? According to Universal, riders will Hurl past challenging obstacles, become entangled in a thicket of Devils Snare.while encountering a few surprises along the way. （会有一些障碍：什么，你以为你只要飞过天空，就不会遇到任何不好的咒语?根据常识，乘客将 越过挑战性的障碍物，陷入一个恶魔的陷阱同时在途中遇到一些惊喜 ）可知，魔法生物和具有挑战性的障碍物的设计是为了刺激骑手。故选C。27. A【解析】推理判断题。根据第二段第一句When Universal Orlandos newest Wizarding World of Harry Potter ride, Hagrids Magical Creatures Motorbike Adventure, opens June 12, it will be a theme park game changer.(6月12日，奥兰多环球影城最新的哈利波特魔法世界海格的魔法生物摩托车冒险之旅开始了，它将改变主题公园的游戏规则。)可知，这是一则对一个主题公园的促销广告，故选A。