1、热点05 完形填空【命题趋势】在一篇250词左右的短文中留出十五个空白(原来是二十个)，要求考生从四个词性或结构相同的备选项中选出最佳选项，使补全后的短文意思通顺、前后连贯。本题型被选项涉及动词、名词、形容词、词组和副词，虽然不涉及近义词辨析，但要牢记词汇基本词义并注意熟词新意。本题型旨在考查考生在短文中出现的语境、逻辑、固定搭配、行文习惯、文化习惯情况下灵活、准确使用词汇、词组的能力。【满分技巧】解题时要考虑的要点: 在准确把握、筛选所有备选项词义的情况下，考虑如下几点：A. 考虑上下文的联系本题型所设的空白绝大部分与上下文有联系。这种联系可通过相互暗示、重复、注释、同义或反义词、褒贬等线索
2、体现出来。B. 考虑上下文语境是否符合语境是确定答案必须考虑的方面。语境通过逻辑、语气等体现。C. 考虑固定搭配、行文习惯、文化习惯以及常识、常理。【技巧应用】下面以2019年高考英语卷二为例来阐述满分技巧的实际应用：A. 原题 Its about 250 miles from the hills of west-central Iowa to Ehlers home in Minnesota. During the long trip home, following a weekend of hunting, Ehlers 41 about the small dog he had seen
3、 42 alongside the road. He had 43 to coax(哄)the dog to him but, frightened, it had 44 .Back home, Ehlers was troubled by that 45 dog. So, four days later, he called his friend Greg, and the two drove 46 . After a long and careful 47 , Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving 48 away. Ehlers eventual
4、ly succeeded in coaxing the animal to him. Nervousness and fear were replaced with 49 . It just started licking(舔)Ehlers face.A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one 50 as lost in the local paper. The ad had a 51 number for a town in southern Michigan. Ehlers 52 the number of Jeff and Lisa
5、 to tell them he had 53 their dog.Jeff had 54 in Iowa before Thanksgiving with his dog, Rosie, but the gun shots had scared the dog off. Jeff searched 55 for Rosie in the next four days.Ehlers returned to Minnesotan, and then drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. “Its
6、good to know theres still someone out there who 56 enough to go to that kind of 57 ,” says Lisa of Ehlers rescue 58 .I figured whoever lost the dog was probably just as 59 o it as I am to my dogs,” says Ehlers. “If it had been my dog, Id hope that somebody would be 60 to go that extra mile.”41. A. r
7、eadB. forgotC. thoughtD. heard42. A. fightingB. tremblingC. eatingD. sleeping43. A. triedB. agreedC. promisedD. regretted44. A. calmed downB. stood upC. rolled overD. run off45. A. injuredB. stolenC. lostD. rescued46. A. homeB. pastC. backD. on47. A. preparationB. explanationC. testD. search48. A. c
8、autiouslyB. casuallyC. skillfullyD. angrily49. A. surpriseB. joyC. hesitationD. anxiety50. A. predictedB. advertisedC. believedD. recorded51. A. houseB. phoneC. streetD. car52. A. calledB. copiedC. countedD. remembered53. A. fedB. adoptedC. foundD. cured54. A. huntedB. skiedC. livedD. worked55. A. o
9、n purposeB. on timeC. in turnD. in vain56. A. caresB. seesC. suffersD. learns57. A. placeB. troubleC. wasteD. extreme58. A. serviceB. planC. effortD. team59. A. equalB. allergicC. gratefulD. close60. A. suitableB. proudC. wiseD. wiling【语篇解读】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了Ehlers和他的朋友救助了一只丢失的小狗，最终帮它找到了主人。B. 应用41. C【解析】
10、根据下文Ehlers和朋友一起去救助那只狗和常识“想帮助的流浪宠物人想着(think about)惦记着宠物”可确定答案是C。42. B【解析】根据下文的“coax(哄)the dog to him哄这条狗来到他身边”和常识“宠物见到陌生人时，会感到恐惧”，因此在备选词中，B“trembling (颤抖)”最适合此情形。43. A【解析】根据常识“宠物很难顺从陌生人”可知在备选词中，只有A(tried to coax尽力去哄)适合用在此处。44. D【解析】设空前的“but”和“frightened”暗示设空处所填词与“to him(到他身边来)”意义相反，因此答案是D“run off (逃跑
11、)”。45. C【解析】根据下文的“A local farmer told them the dog sounded like one advertised as lost in the local paper”可知：它是别人丢失的狗，因此此处使用“lost (丢失)”。故选C。46. C【解析】根据后文的“ Greg saw, across a field, the dog .”可知Ehlers和他的朋友又开车返回(back)原处找狗。故选C。47. D【解析】根据下文的“Greg saw, across a field, the dog moving Greg在远处的田野里看到了那只小狗”
12、可知：他们在长时间仔细寻找(search)后，才看见小狗。故选D。48. A 【解析】下文的“Ehlers eventually succeeded in coaxing the animal to him.”和“frightened, nervousness, fear”暗示一开始狗不是很情愿地来到他身边。因此此处使用谨慎地(cautiously)符合语境。故选A。49. B【解析】根据下文的“It just started licking Ehlersface.小狗开始舔Ehlers的脸”和常识“狗舔你表明它熟悉你，喜欢你等”可知，它不再害怕，而是很开心(joy)。故选B。50. B【解析
13、】后文的“in the local paper, The ad”暗示失主在当地报纸上刊登广告(advertise)找狗。故选B。51. B【解析】根据下文的“Ehlers called the number of Jeff and Lisa to tell them Ehlers给狗的主人打电话告知”可推知：广告上有电话号码(phone number)。故选B。52. A【解析】常识“得知电话号码后，要打电话联系”暗示“打电话(call)”适合此处语境。故选A。53. C【解析】根据上下文语境可知：Ehlers给他们打电话是要告知他找到了(find)他们的狗。故选C。54. A【解析】根据下文
14、“the gun shots had scared the dog off枪声吓跑了狗”可知：Jeff在打猎(hunt)。故选A。55. D【解析】根据上文Ehlers找到了Jeff的狗可知：Jeff在当时没有找到， 因此使用D“in vain(徒劳地)”符合语境。56. A【解析】根据上文的“Ehlers drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. Ehlers驱车百里送狗登上回家的飞机”和找到狗的过程可知：Ehlers出于关心(care)才那么做。故选A。57. B【解析】根据上文“Ehlers
15、drove 100 miles to Minneapolis to put Rosie on a flight to Michigan. Ehlers驱车 百里送狗登上回家的飞机”可知：这是件很麻烦的事情(trouble)。故选B。58. C 【解析】上文“Its good to know theres still someone out there who care enough to go to that kind of trouble,”表明：Lisa在对Ehlers帮助他们找回狗这件事进行评论。故选C“effort(付出、努力)”。59. D【解析】此句的意思是说：丢失宠物的人与宠物之
16、间就像我与我的宠物之间一样，关系密切(close)。故选D。60. D【解析】上文“be close to the dog与狗关系密切”暗示愿意“willing”走那么远的路送狗回家。故选D。【热点话题】阅读、健康、运动、社会热点、垃圾分类等【限时检测】（建议用时：30分钟）A(山东省青岛市2019-2020学年高三上学期调研1)话题：帮助解决心理障碍难度：建议用时：10分钟Years ago, when I was working as psychologist at a childrens institution in England, a boy showed up in the wai
17、ting room. It was David. Davids face was pale, and he stared at his feet 1 . He had lost his father as a baby and when David turned 13, his mother was killed in a car accident. He was very depressed, 2 to talk to others. The first two times we met, David didnt say a word. As he was about to leave af
18、ter the second visit, I put my hand on his shoulder. He didnt shrink back, 3 he didnt look at me either. “Come back next week,” I 4 a bit. Then I said, “I know it hurts. ”He came, and I 5 we play a game of chess. He nodded. After that we played chess every Wednesday afternoon in complete 6 and witho
19、ut making any eye 7 . Its not easy to cheat in chess, but I admit that I made sure David 8 once or twice. It seemed as if he enjoyed my 9 , though he never looked at me. Perhaps he 10 that I respected his suffering. Until some months later, suddenly, he looked up at me, “Its your 11 ,” he said. Afte
20、r that day, David started 12 . Since then he really started to live his own life. Maybe I gave David 1 . And David showed me how one without any words can 14 out to another person. All it takes is a hug, a 15 to cry on, a friendly touch, a sympathetic nature and an ear that listens. 1. A. happilyB.
21、friendlyC. nervouslyD. excitedly2. A. willingB. waitingC. refusingD. longing3. A. butB. becauseC. orD. unless4. A. hesitatedB. cheeredC. relaxedD. regretted5. A. announcedB. expectedC. suggestedD. ordered6. A. equallyB. silenceC. libertyD. independence7. A. exerciseB. moveC. restD. contact8. A. conf
22、usedB. challengedC. wonD. fought9. A. companyB. requestC. talentD. chess10. A. heardB. witnessC. forgotD. sensed11. A. dutyB. achievementC. turnD. luck12. A. talkingB. livingC. listeningD. growing13. A. anythingB. somethingC. nothingD. everything14. A. jumpB. reachC. pickD. look15. A. sofaB. topicC.
23、 reasonD. shoulder【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。作者许多年前碰到了失去父母的大卫。大卫第三次来的时候,作者提议一起下象棋，于是在每周三下午他们会在沉默中一起下棋。最终有一天，大卫开口说话了，此后大卫开启了新的生活。作者也从这次经历中学到了很多。1.C 【解析】A. happily高兴地；B. friendly友好地；C. nervously紧张地；D. excitedly兴奋地。设空后文说大卫失去了双亲，根据常理能与这件事相匹配的词语只能是pale和nervously。故选C项。2.C 【解析】A. willing 愿意，希望 想要；B. waiting等待；C. refusi
24、ng拒绝；D. longing渴望。根据前文“He was very depressed”后文“David didnt say a word.”暗示此处使用“拒绝(refuse)”，而且“拒绝与人交谈”也符合失去双亲并感到沮丧的人的心理。故选C项。3.A 【解析】A. but但是；B. because因为；C. or或者；D. unless除非。根据前文“He didnt shrink back可他没有退缩”和后文“he didnt look at me either. 他也没有看我一眼”可知：前后文为转折关系，故选A项。4. A.【解析】A. hesitated犹豫；B. cheered欢呼
25、；C. relaxed放松；D. regretted后悔。据常理“对一个刚失去双亲并且来到你面前的人说以后再来吧一定会触及到他的伤心处”，因此“犹豫(hesitate)”用在此处符合语境。故选A项。5. C.【解析】A. announced宣布；B. expected期待，期望；C. suggested建议，提议；D. ordered命令。根据后文“He nodded大卫点头”可知：是我提出下象棋的建议，大卫点头同意了。故选C项。6.B 【解析】A. equally同样地；相等地，平等地；B. silence沉默； C. liberty自由；D. independence独立。根据后文“and
26、 without making any eye”和“Until some months later, “Its your turn” he said.”可知：大卫在很久后才开口，这说明当时他没和我说话，我们是在沉默中下象棋。故选B项。7.D 【解析】A. exercise锻炼；练习；B. move移动；C. rest休息；D. contact联系；接触。根据后文“though he never looked at me”可知：下象棋时大卫从不看我，这说明此时我们没有眼神上的交流。故选D项。8.C 【解析】A. confused使迷惑；B. challenged挑战；C. won赢得；D. fo
27、ught战斗；吵架。根据“Its not easy to cheat in chess下棋时作弊并不容易”可知：为了让大卫高兴起来，我故意让他赢(won)一两局。故选C项。9.A 【解析】A. company陪伴；公司；B. request请求；C. talent才能；天才；天资；D. chess国际象棋，西洋棋。我和大卫一起下象棋对于大卫来说是一种陪伴，故选A项。10.D 【解析】 A. heard听；B. witness目击；C. forgot忘记；D. sensed感觉到；意识到。根据常理“感受到别人的尊重是一个心理活动”，备选项中只有“sensed意识到”可表达心理活动。故选D项。11
28、.C 【解析】A. duty责任；义务；B. achievement成就；C. turn (依次轮流的)轮班，轮番，次序；D. luck幸运。根据常识“下象棋是要轮流落子”，此处出现“Its your turn轮到你了”才符合语境。故选C项。12. A. 【解析】A. talking说话；B. living生活；C. listening聆听； D. growing成长。根据前文“Its your turn,he said”可知：大卫开口说话了。因此此处使用“说话talking”。故选A项。13.B 【解析】A. anything任何事情；B. something某物，某事; C. nothin
29、g无事； D. everything每一件事。上文叙述：作者通过象棋使大卫开朗起来并开始新生活。此时，作者认为这(使大卫开朗起来)是我所给他的。something在此表达看不到的不具体的东西。故选B项。14.B 【解析】A. jump跳；B. reach 到达，触及; C. pick 挑选；采摘；挖D. look看。根据上文可知：作者通过下象棋帮大卫摆脱了沮丧。故此处填“reach”与“out to sb对. 伸出援手”构成固定搭配并且符合语境。故选B项。15.D 【解析】A. sofa沙发；B. topic话题；C. reason理由；D. shoulder肩膀。根据此句句意“帮助心情沮丧的
30、人只需要一个拥抱hug，一个？哭泣，一个抚慰touch，一种同情以及一双聆听的耳朵”可知：设空处应该填施以援手方法，让其在你的肩头哭泣就是方法之一。故选D项。B(山东省青岛市2019-2020学年高三上学期调研2)话题：旅途奇遇难度：建议用时：10分钟It was 7 in the morning. I was on a train to another city when I started a(n) 1 with a young man sitting next to me. From what he said, I 2 that he came from a farming family
31、 and was now doing very well in the IT industry. He was 3 enough to give me a window seat, help a co-passenger when he dropped his coffee, etc. These small 4 showed what a good person he was!I was lost in reading a biography(自传) on Arnold Schwarzenegger. Arnold Schwarzenegger has played a huge role
32、in my life 5 I havent met him. Reading a 6 about him is great fun. Now my co-passenger 7 to see the book, so I handed it to him. Minutes passed into hours. From the train window, I 8 him reading the book carefully. Towards the end of the trip, I even saw him 9 everything about the book including the
33、 publishing house and code number. He turned to me and asked where he could buy this book. “You can 10 it,” I said. “This is the second time that Ive read it anyway. ”I was lying! Actually it was last weekend that I bought it. I loved it so much and how I 11 to hold on to it myself! 12 , when I thou
34、ght of his kindness, I thought I should do something too. “Wow,” the man said to me. “This is really 13 . Thank you so much. ”“No problem. Dont worry about it. ”I got off the train and walked into the new city with a sense of 10 . I did not regret giving the book to him as I believed 15 each other i
35、s really a good thing. 1. A. quarrelB. discussionC. interviewD. conversation2. A. wishedB. knewC. rememberedD. wondered3. A. proudB. cleverC. kindD. brave4. A. actsB. wordsC. tricksD. gifts5. A. untilB. becauseC. thoughD. if6. A. textB. bookC. noteD. magazine7. A. agreedB. continuedC. stoppedD. aske
36、d8. A. sawB. feltC. guessedD. imagined9. A. crossing outB. picking upC. thinking aboutD. writing down10. A. readB. keepC. buyD. return11. A. hopedB. decidedC. refusedD. managed12. A. StillB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. Finally13. A. unbelievableB. funnyC. commonD. impossible14. A. humorB. disappointmentC.
37、 joyD. loss15. A. meetingB. helpingC. admiringD. praising【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了在火车上我把一本书留给一个好心的陌生人的故事。1.D 【解析】A. quarrel争吵；B. discussion讨论；C. interview面试；D. conversation交谈。根据设空后的“From what he said,”可知，在火车上，我们聊了起来（开始交谈），故D项正确。2.B 【解析】A. wished希望；B. knew知道；C. remembered记得；D. wondered想知道。据常理“聊天中，会知道相互的情况”和
38、备选项词义可确定填B。前面“From what he said”也暗示了这一点。3.C 【解析】A. proud骄傲的；B. clever聪明的；C. kind好意的、善良的；D. brave勇敢的。根据设空后的“give me a window seat, help a co-passenger when he dropped his coffee, etc. ”可知：他很善良。故C项正确。4.A 【解析】A. acts行动；B. words话语；C. tricks花招；D. gifts礼物。此处所填词指代：他做好事的行动。故A项正确。5.C 【解析】A. until直到；B. becaus
39、e因为；C. though尽管；D. if如果。根据句意可知前后是让步关系，故C项正确。6.B 【解析】A. text课文；B. book书；C. note便条；D. magazine杂志。上文的“a biography(自传) on Arnold Schwarzenegger”暗示此处使用B项。7.D 【解析】A. agreed同意；B. continued继续；C. stopped停下来；D. asked请求。根据设空后的“so I handed it to him”可知：与我交谈的人也想要读这本自传。故D项正确。8.A 【解析】A. saw看见；B. felt觉得；C. guessed猜
40、想；D. imagined想象。设空前的“From the train window”暗示此处填A项。9.D 【解析】A. crossing out删去；B. picking up捡起； C. thinking about考虑；D. writing down记下。设空前的“Towards the end of the trip”和设空后的“including the publishing house and code number.”暗示填D项。10.B 【解析】A. read阅读；B. keep保留；C. buy购买；D. return归还。设空前的“I saw him reading th
41、e book carefully.”和设空后的“This is the second time that Ive read it”暗示“我让他留下它”。故B项正确。11.A 【解析】A. hoped希望；B. decided决定；C. refused拒绝；D. managed设法做成。根据设空前的“I loved it so much”可推知：我非常喜欢这本书，我多么希望自己留着它。故A项正确。12.C 【解析】A. Still仍然；B. Therefore因此；C. However然而；D. Finally最后。设空前后句是转折关系，故C项正确。13.A 【解析】A. unbelievabl
42、e难以置信的；B. funny有趣的；C. common通常的；D. impossible不可能的。据常理“陌生人之间很少会给他人大学的”，因此A“难以置信的unbelievable”适合用在此处。14.C 【解析】A. humor幽默；B. disappointment失望；C. joy高兴；D. loss损失。后文的“I did not regret giving the book to him”暗示C项正确。不后悔的事才使人高兴。15.B 【解析】A. meeting与见面；B. helping帮助；C. admiring钦佩；D. praising表扬。上文说这个年轻人好心地帮助了别人
43、（给了我一个靠窗的座位，当一位乘客的咖啡掉在地上时他主动帮忙），而我把书留给他也算是对他的一种帮助，所以此处是说我相信互相帮助是一件好事，故B项正确。C(山东省青岛市2019-2020学年高三上学期调研3)话题：校园友谊难度：建议用时：10分Everyone back home told me that one of the nicest things about college is the people you meet. They all assured me that I would 1 friendships that could last a lifetime. I would a
44、lways smile and agree. Frankly, before I 2 college. I really didnt care. I lived in the 3 where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms. All my roommates seemed to be good guys, but I didnt really try to get to know them. I have always been rather quiet and never been able to make friends 4 . I
45、 would always forget names after I met people. When we 5 again and they called out my name, I would reply with an 6 wave and a weak hello. This was how things went for the first month or so. After a while, things started to 7 . A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking. Soon, these two
46、roommates and I started becoming fairly 8 . We began going to the cafeteria together, 9 together, and meeting in the library to study. One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommates practice with one of our college choir. They drove me across campus where my roommate was to 10 . I
47、t so happened that this was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it. So you can imagine my 11 when we entered the recital hall and the 120-member choir began to sing “Happy Birthday” to me. 12 at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me, complete with a card and cake. I was completely shock
48、ed, and I felt 13 o be able to call them friends. It was then that I realized that college means 14 the piece of paper you receive at the end Its an 15 in both life and people. 1. A. formB. followC. approachD. introduce2. A. leave outB. leave behindC. leave forD. leave aside3. A. dormB. hotelC. innD
49、. canteen4. A. deliberatelyB. easilyC. greedilyD. merely5. A. attendedB. emergedC. passedD. proposed6. A. splendidB. uniqueC. embarrassedD. upset7. A. turnB. worsenC. ariseD. change8. A. intangibleB. aggressiveC. tiresomeD. close9. A. exercisingB. droppingC. risingD. kicking10. A. preserveB. perform
50、C. settleD. serve11. A. surpriseB. dislikeC. disappointmentD. bonus12. A. AwayB. DownC. BackD. Out13. A. awareB. afraidC. sureD. proud14. A. more thanB. rather thanC. less thanD. other than15. A. cultureB. traditionC. customD. education【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。记叙了作者刚上大学时并不在在乎友谊，过了一段时间，情况开始发生变化作者和两个室友越来越亲密，室友也帮
51、作者准备了生日惊喜。作者意识到大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸它是对生活和人的一种教育。1.A 【解析】A. form构成；建立；B. follow跟随；C. approach接近；D. introduce介绍。根据备选项词义和搭配习惯可知“form friendships建立友谊”。故选A。2.C 【解析】A. eave out遗漏；B. leave behind留下；C. leave for动身去；D. leave aside搁置。后文讲述作者与大学室友建立了友谊。据此可推知：离家去大学(leave for college)前。故选C。3.A 【解析】A. dorm宿舍；B. hote
52、l旅馆；C. inn旅馆；D. canteen食堂。根据下文“where six guys lived in two small connecting rooms”和常识“大学生住宿舍”A正确。4.B 【解析】A. deliberately故意地；B. easily容易地；C. greedily贪婪地；D. merely仅仅。根据上文“I have always been rather quiet”和常识“沉默寡言的人交友困难(不容易)”可知B项正确。5.C 【解析】A. attended参加；B. emerged出现；C. met相遇；D. proposed提议。根据下文“again”可暗示
53、。故填与上文重复的C“met”。6.C 【解析】A. splendid辉煌的；B. unique独特的；C. embarrassed尴尬的；D. upset沮丧的。根据上文“I would always forget names after I met people.”可知：作者并不记得他们的名字因此只能尴尬地挥手。故选C。7.D 【解析】A. turn转变；B. worsen恶化；C. arise上升；D. change改变。根据下文“A couple of my roommates would try and keep me talking.”可知：事情发生了变化。故选D。8.D 【解析】
54、A. intangible无形的；B. aggressive侵略性的；C. tiresome烦人的；D. close亲密的。根据下文“We began going to the cafeteria together”可知：作者和室友变得亲密。故选D。9.A 【解析】A. exercising锻炼；B. dropping落下；C. rising上升；D. kicking踢。根据上文“We began going to the cafeteria together”可知：作者与室友一起进行日常生活上的活动。故选A。10.B 【解析】 A. preserve保存；B. perform表演；C. se
55、ttle定居；D. serve服务。根据上文“One night my roommates invited me to listen to a fellow roommates practice with one of our college choir.”可知室友要演出。故选B。11.A 【解析】 A. surprise惊喜；B. dislike不喜欢；C. disappointment失望；D. bonus奖金。根据上文“It so happened that this was my birthday, but I had kept quiet about it.”可知作者很惊讶。故选A。
56、12.C 【解析】A. Away离去；B. Down向下；C. Back回去；D. Out在外面。根据前文“They drove me across campus”可知：作者与室友离开了宿舍。而下文“at the dorm, my friends held a small party for me”可知：他们又返回到了宿舍。故选C。13.D 【解析】A. aware意识到的；B. afraid害怕的；C. sure确信的；D. proud骄傲的。根据下文“to be able to call them friends”和所给词义及常识“得到难得的友谊任何人都会感到自豪。”故选D。14.A 【解析】A. more than多于；不仅仅；B. rather than而不是；C. less than少于；D. other than除了。根据下文the piece of paper you receive at the end Its an education in both life and people可知大学的意义不仅仅是你最后收到的那张纸它是对生活和人的一种教育。故选A。15.D 【解析】A. culture文化；B. tradition传统；C. custom习俗；D. education教育。根据常识 “上大学即是接受诸方面教育”。故选D。