1、内蒙古通辽市开鲁县第一中学2021届高三英语上学期12月第三次阶段性考试试题 （含解析）注意事项：1. 答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡/纸上。2. 作答时，务必将答案写在答题卡/纸上，写在本试卷上无效。3. 短文改错务必用直尺辅助作答并严格按照短文改错要求作答。4. 不使用两色笔。5. 写作时，不能暴露考区考点。第二部分阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)第一节 (共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AFire Prevention InformationThe University of Adelaide emp
2、loys a full-time staff of fire prevention professionals. They inspect all campus buildings and test and maintain all sprinkler(喷水灭火装置)systems fire alarms and fire extinguishers (灭火器). They also provide educational programs or fire safety in the residence hall. Whenever you move to a new area, you sh
3、ould locate the fire alarm pull stations and the two exits nearest your room.Fire AlarmsThe floors of all campus buildings are equipped with manual(手动的)fire alarm systems which include fire alarm pull stations and pipes. Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat det
4、ectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers. For your safety, never tamper with(胡乱摆弄)these systems. False fire alarms are illegal and may lead to imprisonment.Fire DrillsA fire drill will be conducted in your residence hall every semester. During a fire drill, please do the following:Take your room key a
5、nd IDFailed to download image : http:/qbm-images.oss-cn- close and lock the door to your room.Exit immediately from the nearest emergency exit do not use a lift.Meet outside of your residence hall and wait for further instructions.Fire ExtinguishersFire extinguishers are located on each floor and in
6、 each apartment. Use a fire extinguisher only if you have been trained to do so. Irresponsible use of a fire extinguisher can create a dangerous situation for other residents and could result in damage to personal property.Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.Smoke DetectorA smoke dete
7、ctor is on the ceiling in your room. Some buildings also have heat detectors on the ceilings. Do the following to ensure the safe operation of your smoke detector:If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动)，contact residence hall staff
8、 immediately.Do not cover or block your smoke detector in any way.If a smoke detector sets off an alarm and there is no fire or smoke, inform your hall staff.1. What do the automatic fire alarm systems include?A. Pipes and smoke detectors.B. Smoke detectors and sprinklers.C. Fire alarm pull stations
9、 and pipes.D. Sprinklers and fire alarm pull stations2. What do we know about the use of fire extinguishers?A. Using them wrongly results in punishment.B. Irresponsible use of them can damage them.C. Improper use of them can destroy the apartment.D. Using them without a trainer present is forbidden.
10、3. To ensure the safe operation of the smoke detector, one should_.A. contact the hall staff regularlyB. cover the things that burn easilyC. start the smoke detector in a fireD. make certain the red light is working【答案】1. B 2. A 3. D【解析】这是一篇应用文。介绍了防火的相关信息，包括：警报器的种类、消防演习的注意事项、灭火器的使用、烟雾检测器的信息。【1题详解】细节
11、理解题。根据第二段中Most are also equipped with automatic fire alarm systems consisting of heat detectors, smoke detectors and sprinklers.可知大多数还配备了自动火灾报警系统，包括热探测器、烟雾探测器和洒水器。由此可知，火灾自动报警系统包括烟雾探测器和洒水器。故选B。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据Fire Extinguishers部分中Misuse of a fire extinguisher will result in fines.可知滥用灭火器会导致罚款。由此可知，不恰当地
12、使用灭火器会导致被处罚。故选A。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据倒数第三段If your smoke detector is working properly, the red light should be on. If the red light is not blinking(闪动)，contact residence hall staff immediately.可知如果您的烟雾探测器工作正常，红色指示灯应该是亮的。如遇红灯不闪烁，应立即与宿舍工作人员联系。由此可知，为了确保烟雾探测器的安全运行，应该确保红灯在工作。故选D。BStephen Wamukota, a nine-year-ol
13、d from Mukwa village in Western Kenya, is making headlines worldwide for his creative hand washing machine. The young boy came up with the idea after watching villagers, who do not have easy access to running water and struggle to find an effective way to wash their hands to avoid spreading and catc
14、hing COVID-19.Using the few resources he could getwood, nails, and a bucketStephen designed and built a simple but functional washing station. The clever creation, which is made up of two pedals（踏板） one to release soap and the other to release waterenables villagers to wash their hands contact-free,
15、 thus reducing the likelihood of catching the infectious disease.I had bought some pieces of wood to make a window frame, but when I came back home after work one day, I found that Stephen had made the machine, his father, James, told the media. The concept was his, and I helped tighten the machine.
16、 Im very proud. James credits Stephens building skill to the village schools curriculum (课程), which teaches children to construct items from a very young age.The invention, which went viral after James posted a photo online, has made Stephen an instant celebrity in Kenya. In early June 2020, the cou
17、ntrys leader gave Stephen the Uzalendo Award for making significant contributions towards the nations fight against COVID-19. Stephen has also been promised a full scholarship to a school that can develop his creative talent, by the county governor.Though thrilled at the unexpected fame and success,
18、 Stephen is not satisfied with what he has achieved. The young boy has already built another hand washing machine and plans on adding several more.4. What inspired Stephen to design the hand washing machine?A. The school project he was working on.B. The few resources he could use in his house.C. The
19、 difficulty the villagers had keeping their hands clean.D. The number of the villagers getting infected with the disease.5. Whats the original function of the pieces of wood?A. To make the frame of a window.B. To start a fire to cook meals.C. To create two pedals of a machine.D. To construct a hand
20、washing machine.6. What does the underlined phrase went viral in Paragraph 4 mean?A. Spread rapidly.B. Disappeared suddenly.C. Improved immediately.D. Matured gradually.7. What can we learn from Stephens story?A. A good fame is better than anything.B. Many hands make light work.C. A small child can
21、make a big difference.D. Failure is the mother of success.【答案】4. C 5. A 6. A 7. C【解析】本文为新闻报道。来自肯尼亚西部穆克瓦村的9岁男孩斯蒂芬瓦穆克塔因其创意手洗机而登上了世界各地的头条新闻。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段The young boy came up with the idea after watching villagers, who do not have easy access to running water and struggle to find an effective way t
22、o wash their hands to avoid spreading and catching COVID-19(这名小男孩是在观察村民后想出这个主意的。这些村民没有方便的自来水，并且努力寻找一种有效的洗手方式，以避免传播和感染COVID-19)可知，村民们洗手不便，激发了斯蒂芬设计洗手机的灵感，故选C。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段 “I had bought some pieces of wood to make a window frame, but when I came back home after work one day, I found that Stephen h
23、ad made the machine,”his father, James, told the media. (“我买了一些木头做一个窗框，但当我一天下班回家时，我发现斯蒂芬做了那台机器，”他的父亲詹姆斯告诉媒体。)可知，木块最初是父亲用来做窗户的框架，故选A。【6题详解】短语猜测题。根据第四段The invention, which went viral after James posted a photo online, has made Stephen an instant celebrity in Kenya(詹姆斯在网上发布了一张照片后，这项发明迅速走红，斯蒂芬也因此在肯尼亚一夜成
24、名)可知，这项发明使斯蒂芬在肯尼亚一夜成名，在詹姆斯在网上发布了一张照片后便迅速传播开来，划线短语意为“迅速传播”，选项A符合语境，故选A。7题详解】推理判断题。通读全文可知，本文报道了9岁的男孩发明了洗手机爆红网络，但他并不满足自己的成功，又造了一台洗手机并且打算再造几台，可知，一个小孩也可以造成很大影响，故选C。CEcoTreasures, a young tour company based in Sydney, have involved a new plan in their Manly Coastal Walks to remove marine debris from Pengu
25、in habitats.The tour company specializes in Ecotourism experiences on Sydneys Northern Beaches and within Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park, New South Wales. Ecotreasures have been lucky to host a range of international study tour students visiting Sydney this winter, who have been participating in th
26、e plan. The students arrive in Australia for short stays of generally 714 days, which consist of English lessons and Australia tour experiences. EcoTreasures owner, Damien McClellan, has been happy to host the students on his tours and to involve a new element in the half-day adventure, with a purpo
27、se to clean up marine debris that accumulates in the natural environment known to be the habitat for little penguins.McClellan has been very proud to run these tours, which highlight a range of environmental awareness messages, and mentions, “when we visit the little penguin habitat at Collins Beach
28、 in Sydney Harbour National Park we conduct a beach clean-up. The students always put in 110% and we remove as much as marine debris from the catchment(积水处) as possible. We are all giving back to the location we are appreciating because of its natural beauty, and Im proud of all these international
29、guests caring for Australias environment.”The tours offer a great display of Sydneys natural setting right on the citys door step. Mr. McClellan also adds, “The students and teachers really enjoy their experience on the walk around Manly. We visit the beach, Sydney Harbour National Park, Cabbage tre
30、e Aquatic reserve and Manly suburbs all in a half day adventure. We always keep the walk fun and interesting by identifying native plants & searching for Whales from land with binoculars and other wildlife along the way.”EcoTreasures was founded in 2010 by Damien McClellan, and the business is looki
31、ng forward to working with more partners in the future, developing new ecotourism plans for a range of target markets, and keeping it fun is part of the plan. EcoTreasures is Advanced Ecotourism and ROC certified.8. What does EcoTreasures mainly specialize in?A. protecting Little Penguins.B. teachin
32、g students about environmental protection.C. cleaning up penguin habitats.D. holding ecotours in certain areas.9. The underlined word “debris” in Paragraph 1 has a similar meaning to _A. waterB. animalC. trashD. rock.10. What does Mr. McClellan want to express in the third paragraph?A. His appreciat
33、ion for natural beauty.B. His purpose to run the tours.C. His pride to run the tours.D. The importance of raising environmental awareness.11. We can infer from the fourth paragraph that _.A. the tours are pleasant and valuable.B. the tours make the students tired.C. the tours are held far from Sydne
34、y.D. the tours are held mainly for students【答案】8. D 9. C 10. C 11. A【解析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了悉尼的一家旅游公司在其组织的旅游活动中注入新元素通过海滩漫步来清除企鹅栖息地的海洋垃圾。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段中的“The tour company specializes in Ecotourism experiences on Sydneys Northern Beaches and within Ku-ring-gai Chase National Park,”（这家旅游公司专注于悉尼北部海滩和新南威尔士州Ku
35、 ring gai Chase国家公园内的生态旅游体验）可知，EcoTreasures专注于在在某些地区建立生态保护区，故选D项。【9题详解】词义猜测题。根据第二段中的“Eco Treasures owner, Damien McClellan, has been happy to host the students on his tours and to involve a new element in the half-day adventure, with a purpose to clean up marine debris that accumulates in the natura
36、l environment known to be the habitat for little penguins.”可知，Eco Treasures的老板达米恩麦克莱伦很高兴地邀请学生们参加他的旅行，并在半天的探险中加入新的元素，目的是清理在小企鹅栖息地自然环境中堆积的海洋垃圾，因此这项新计划就是清除企鹅栖息地的海洋垃圾，由此可知画线词词义为“垃圾”，故选C项。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据第三段中的“McClellan has been very proud to run these tours, which highlight a range of environmental aware
37、ness messages”可知，组织这些旅游活动令麦克莱伦感到很自豪，因为它们突出了一系列环保意识信息，由此可知，麦克莱伦在该段主要想表达组织这些旅游活动的自豪感，故选C项。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段中的“The students and teachers really enjoy their experience on the walk around Manly. We visit the beach, Sydney Harbour National Park, Cabbage tree Aquatic reserve and Manly suburbs all in a hal
38、f day adventure. We always keep the walk fun and interesting by identifying native plants & searching for Whales from land with binoculars and other wildlife along the way.”（学生和老师真的很享受他们在曼利散步的经历。我们游览了海滩、悉尼港国家公园、卷心菜树水生保护区和曼利郊区。我们总是通过辨认本地植物，用双筒望远镜寻找陆地上的鲸鱼和其他野生动物来保持行走的乐趣和趣味性）可知，这些旅游活动是令人愉快又有价值的，故选A项。DA
39、nyone who commutes (通勤) by car knows that traffic jams are an unavoidable part of life. But humans are not alone in facing potential backups.Ants also commutebetween their nest and sources of food. The survival of their colonies depends on doing this efficiently.When humans commute, theres a point a
40、t which cars become dense (稠密) enough to slow down the flow of traffic, causing jam. Motsch, a mathematician in Arizona State University, and his colleagues wanted to know if ants on the move could also get stuck. So they regulated traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a
41、colony of Argentine ants and a source of food. Then they waited and watched. “The goal was to try to find out at what point they are going to have a traffic jam.” said Sebastien Motsch.But it appears that that never happened. They always managed to avoid traffic jam. The flow of ants did increase at
42、 the beginning as ants started to fill the bridge and then levelled off at high densities. But it never slowed down or stopped, even when the bridge was nearly filled with ants.The researchers then took a closer look at how the behaviour of individual ants impacted traffic as a whole. And they found
43、 that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas, which prevents jams. These behaviours may be promoted by pheromones, chemicals that tell other ants where a trail is. The ants also manage to avoid colliding (碰撞) with each other at high densities, wh
44、ich could really slow them down. The study is in the journal eLife.Can ants help us solve our own traffic problems? Not likely, says Motsch. Thats because when it comes to getting from point A to point B as fast as possible, human drivers put their own goals first. Individual ants have to be more co
45、operative in order to feed the colony. But the research could be useful in improving traffic flow for self-driving cars, which can be designed to be less like selfish humansand more like ants.12. What does the underlined word “this” in para.2 refer to?A. Surviving.B. Commuting.C. Finding food.D. Avo
46、iding jams.13. How did the researchers control the traffic density of the commuting ants?A. By finding out the dense points.B. Through closer observation.C. By controlling the widths of their path.D. By regulating their numbers.14. According to the research, ants can avoid traffic jams mainly becaus
47、e _.A. they follow a special route.B. they level off at high densities.C. they never stop or slow down on the way.D. they depend on their natural chemicals to adjust their speeds.15. What is the best title of the passage?A. Traffic jams.B. Unavoidable? Not for ants!C. Survival of an ant colony.D. Di
48、fference between human and ants.【答案】12. B 13. C 14. D 15. B【解析】【分析】本文为议论文。我们生活中常会遇到交通拥挤的现象，蚁群中虽然蚂蚁很多，但是不会导致交通堵塞。本文用事实证明了蚁群可以避开交通堵塞。【12题详解】猜测词意题。第二段划线部分“this”的所在语境“Ants also commutebetween their nest and sources of food.The survival of their colonies depends on doing this efficiently”蚂蚁也在它们的巢穴和食物来源之间
49、往返。蚂蚁的殖民地的生存有效地依赖于“this”,由此可知，蚂蚁要生存就要依赖于“Ants also commute”。 可知，this是指蚂蚁的“commuting”，故选B。【13题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段中“they regulated traffic density by constructing bridges of various widths between a colony of Argentine ants and a source of food. Then they waited and watched.” 因此，他们通过在一群阿根廷蚂蚁群和食物来源之间建造不同宽
50、度的桥梁来调节交通密度，然后等着观察。可推断出，研究人员是通过控制蚁群的路的宽度来控制蚁群的密度的。故选C。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第五段中“And they found that when ants sense overcrowding, they adjust their speeds and avoid entering high-density areas, which prevents jams. These behaviours may be promoted by pheromones, chemicals that tell other ants where a tr
51、ail is. These behaviours may be promoted by pheromones, chemicals that tell other ants where a trail is.” 他们发现，当蚂蚁感觉到过度拥挤时，它们会调整速度，避免进入高密度区域，从而避免拥堵。这些行为可能是由信息素引起的，信息素是一种化学物质，可以告诉其他蚂蚁路线的位置。可推断出蚂蚁可以避免交通堵塞的主要原因是它们依靠化学物质来调整速度。由此可知，选D。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段提出人类上下班遇到交通堵塞是不可避免的。而蚂蚁也会往返于巢穴与食物源之间。那么蚂蚁遇到交通阻塞也是不可避
52、免的吗？从第三段至倒数第二段研究者用实验证明，蚂蚁不会的，因为蚂蚁可用分泌的信息素通知同伴调整速度，进而避免拥堵现象出现。因此最佳标题应该为B项。故选B。【点睛】选择标题在英语阅读理解中属于主旨大意题，是一种深层理解题。要求考生在通读全文的基础上，认真分析文章大意及作者的写作意图。通常情况下，标题要有根据性，针对性和醒目性的特点。所谓概括性，就是指标题应最大程度上覆盖全文，囊括文章的主要内容，体现文章的主题。针对性就是对标题外延的一种界定，标题要直接指向文章的主要特点。而醒目性是为了吸引了读者的注意，唤起读者对文章阅读的兴趣。确定最佳标题的方法。在阅读文章时，要注意文章中反复出现的或强调的信息
53、，寻找与文章大多数内容相关的信息。找出覆盖全文的核心词汇。如第4小题属于主旨大意题。文章第一段提出人类上下班遇到交通堵塞是不可避免的。而蚂蚁也会往返于巢穴与食物源之间。那么蚂蚁遇到交通阻塞也是不可避免的吗？从第三段至倒数第二段研究者用实验证明，蚂蚁不会的，因为蚂蚁可用分泌的信息素通知同伴调整速度，进而避免拥堵现象出现。因此最佳标题应该为B项。故选B。第二节 (共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Many campuses have intramural (校内的) sports teams teams that a
54、rent as competitive as other sports teams on campus._16_But you can benefit greatly by taking part in intramural sports.Intramural sport are an amazing stress reliever.Youll have no shortage of stress in college: exams, group projects, computer problems, etc. _17_ Intramural competitions have a set
55、schedule, so youre practically forced to set aside time to run around with your friends. A little friendly competition will be a nice change of pace from the classroom._18_While most students would like to go to the gym regularly, few actually do. With a predetermined time already in your schedule,
56、your workout is more likely to happen. In addition, youll be more excited when you work out in a team. Thus you wont want to cut the gym session short. Team sports are a great way to push you.Theyre a great way to meet people.You may be getting used to seeing people of the same major. Intramural spo
57、rts teams can be a great way to meet students you may not otherwise run into. In fact, you dont necessarily need to know anyone to join an intramural team. _19_Its one of the few things youll do just for fun.Many things you do in college have specific goals and purposes. _20_ But you dont need to as
58、sign a purpose to intramural sports. After all, youre not making a profession out of it.A. They provide great exercise.B. Having purposes is possible.C. And singing up can quickly expand your social circle.D. They improve sports skills.E. Joining an intramural team can take lots of time and energy.F
59、. For example, you work to pay for your school fee.G. Thus it can be hard to fit fun into your busy life.【答案】16. E 17. G 18. A 19. C 20. F【解析】本文是说明文。文章介绍了大学时期参加校内运动队收益匪浅的原因。【16题详解】上文“Many campuses have intramural (校内的) sports teams”说明许多校园有内部的体育团队，E项中的“an intramural team”与上文一致；下文“But you can benefit
60、greatly by taking part in intramural sports.”说明你可以通过参加校内运动而获益良多，与空格处是转折关系，E项中的“take lots of time and energy”与下文的“benefit greatly”是转折关系。因此推断E项符合语境。故选E。【17题详解】上文“Youll have no shortage of stress in college: exams, group projects, computer problems, etc.”说明在大学里你不缺少压力，G项“it can be hard to fit fun into y
61、our busy life (在你忙碌的生活中找到乐趣是很难的)”与上文构成因果关系，thus“因而”表示结果。因此推断G项符合语境。故选G。【18题详解】空格处为段落标题。根据下文“With a predetermined time already in your schedule, your workout is more likely to happen. In addition, youll be more excited when you work out in a team.(在你的计划中已经有了一个预定的时间，你就更可能进行锻炼。此外，当你在一个团队里锻炼时，你更会感到兴奋)”因
62、此推断，本段讲述参加学校内部运动队更可能提供很多锻炼。A项“They provide great exercise.(它们提供了很好的锻炼)”符合语境。故选A。【19题详解】本段段落标题“Theyre a great way to meet people.”说明参加校内运动队是遇到人的好方法，C项中的“expand your social circle(拓展你的社交圈)”与本段一致，且C项与上文“In fact, you dont necessarily need to know anyone to join an intramural team.(事实上，你不需要认识任何一个人就可以加入一个
63、内部团队)”是并列关系，说明了参加校内运动队是遇到人的好方法。故选C。【20题详解】上文“Many things you do in college have specific goals and purposes.”说明在大学里做的许多事情都有具体的目标和目的，F项中的“you work to pay for your school fee.(你努力工作为了交学费)”是对上文的举例说明，for example说明这是举例说明。故选F。第三部分 语言知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节 (共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以
64、填入空白处的最佳选项。On his knees, a cute boy is packing the sand into a bucket at a beautiful beach. He turns the bucket upside down and _21_ it. To the _22_ of the little architect, a castle tower is created. He works all afternoon packing the walls, building sentries （哨兵）with bottle tops and bridges with s
65、ticks. And a sandcastle will be built.In a big city with _23_ streets and traffic, a man is working in an office. He packs papers into piles, holds the phone between his _24_ and shoulder and _25_ the keyboard with his fingers. Contracts gets signed and to the joy of the man, a _26_ is made. His pen
66、sion will be sentries and capital gains will be _27_ . An empire will be built.The two builders of the two castles have very much _28_. They both _29_smallness into greatness. They both make something beautiful out of _30_ . And for both, the tide will rise and the _31_ will come. Yet that is where
67、the _32_ stop. The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man _33_ it. As the dusk approaches and waves near, the child _34_ to his feet and begins to clap as the waves wash away his _35_ . There is no sorrow, no _36_ and no regret. He smiles and goes home.The man in his office is not very
68、_37_ like the child. As his empire is fading, he is terrified, trying to _38_ it. Its my castle!” He _39_ at the incoming tide.Go ahead and build your dreams, but with a childs heart. When the sun _40_ and the tides take, just applaud. Salute the process of life and go home with a smile.21. A. kicks
69、B. liftsC. breaksD. covers22. A. shockB. sorrowC. regretD. delight23. A. lonelyB. busyC. cleanD. empty24. A. handB. neckC. armD. ear25. A. fixsB. feelsC. hitsD. checks26. A. profitB. pointC. recordD. wish27. A. bridgesB. toolC. bucketsD. beaches28. A. in handB. in commonC. in needD. in total29. A. i
70、ncreaseB. cutC. shapeD. throw30. A. somethingB. anythingC. everythingD. nothing31. A. awardB. victorC. futureD. end32. A. similaritiesB. competitionsC. differencesD. changes33. A. followsB. acceptsC. ignoresD. enjoys34. A. jumpsB. strugglesC. sticksD. bends35. A. dreamB. giftC. masterpieceD. memory3
71、6. A. excitementB. hesitationC. fearD. desire37. A. wiseB. naughtyC. curiousD. pessimistic38. A. finishB. protectC. improveD. collect39. A. glancesB. staresC. yellsD. points40. A. setsB. shinesC. risesD. bums【答案】21. B 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. C 26. A 27. A 28. B 29. C 30. D 31. D 32. A 33. C 34. A 35.
72、C 36. C 37. A 38. B 39. C 40. A【解析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过男孩建造沙堡和男人在工作中创造自己的帝国进行对比，当海浪来临时，男孩面对自己的杰作被冲走，拍手跳跃，而男人则是恐惧，文章启示我们凡事只要用心了，享受了过程，结局就随潮起潮落，这都是生命的过程。【21题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：在一个美丽的海滩上，一个可爱的男孩正跪在地上把沙子装进桶里。他把水桶倒过来提了起来。A. kicks踢腿；B. lifts提起；C. breaks打破；D. covers覆盖。根据后文男孩在搭建城堡可知，他是将水桶口朝下举了起来。故选B项。【22题详解】考查名词词义辨析。
73、句意：让这位小建筑师高兴的是，一座城堡的塔楼被创造出来了。A. shock震惊；B. sorrow痛苦；C. regret后悔；D. delight快乐。沙堡堆好了，所以是高兴的。故选D项。【23题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在一个街道交通繁忙的大城市，一个男人正在办公室工作。A. lonely孤独的；B. busy忙的；C. clean干净的；D. empty空的。根据空前的“big city”可知，街道和交通是繁忙的。故选B项。【24题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他把文件堆成一堆，把电话夹在耳朵和肩膀之间，余下的用手指敲击键盘。A. hand手；B. neck脖子；C. arm胳膊；
74、D. ear耳朵。由前文的“hold the phone”可知，男人是在接电话，所以是放在耳边。故选D项。【25题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他把文件堆成一堆，把电话夹在耳朵和肩膀之间，余下的用手指敲击键盘。A. fixs修理；B. feels感受；C. hits打击，敲打；D. checks检查。根据后文的“keyboard键盘”可知，这里是敲打键盘。故选C项。【26题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：合同签订了，让他高兴的是，一笔利润到手了。A. profit利润；B. point点；C. record记录；D. wish希望。由前文的“contracts合同”可知，这个男人在谈生意，签了合
75、同，所以盈利就到手了。故选A项。【27题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：他的养老金将成为岗哨，资本收益将成为桥梁。A. bridges桥梁；B. tool工具；C. buckets桶；D. beaches沙滩。根据第一段末尾“building sentries with bottle tops and bridges with sticks.”可知，此处sentries和bridges照应前文。故选A项。【28题详解】考查介词短语词义辨析。句意：这两座城堡的建造者有许多共同之处。A. in hand在手中；B. in common共同的；C. in need需要；D. in total。根据后文
76、的they both可知，两者是有共同点。故选B项。【29题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他们都能把渺小塑造成伟大。A. increase增加；B. cut切；C. shape形状；D. throw扔。根据前文男孩搭建城堡可知，是把渺小的沙子搭成城堡。故选C项。【30题详解】考查不定代词词义辨析。句意：它们都能从虚无中创造美好。A. something某物；B. anything任何事；C. everything每件事；D. nothing没有什么。沙子本来都是没有意义的东西，但是搭建成了城堡，所以是nothing。故选D项。【31题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：对于两者来说，潮水会上涨，末日
77、会到来。A. award奖赏；B. victor胜利者；C. future未来；D. end结尾。根据语境，潮水上涨，沙堡会被淹没，一切都会结束，下文的“end ofhiscastle”和“hisempireisfading”亦是提示。故选D项。【32题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：然而，相似之处就止于此。A. similarities相同点；B. competitions竞赛；C. differences不同点；D. changes改变。根据上文一切都会结束，这也正是相似之处就止于此。故选A项。【33题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：小男孩看到了他的城堡的尽头，而男人却忽略了它。A. foll
78、ows跟随；B. accepts接受；C. ignores忽视；D. enjoys享受。由下文小男孩对自己被毁的沙堡和那个男士对待自己衰落的帝国的不同态度可知，小男孩看到了他城堡的结局，而那个男士则忽视了。此处while表示前后的对比。故选C项。【34题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当暮色降临，海浪袭来时，孩子跳起来，开始拍手，海浪把他的杰作冲走了。A. jumps跳跃；B. struggles挣扎；C. sticks坚持；D. bends弯腰。根据后文的feet可知，此处应选jumps，表示孩子跳了起来。故选A项。【35题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：当暮色降临，海浪袭来时，孩子跳起来，开始
79、拍手，海浪把他的杰作冲走了。A. dream梦想；B. gift礼物；C. masterpiece杰作；D. memory记忆。这里是冲走了沙堡，也是小男孩的杰作。故选C项。【36题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意：没有悲伤没有恐惧和遗憾。A. excitement激动；B. hesitation犹豫；C. fear恐惧；D. desire渴望。前文说小男孩跳起来拍手，所以这里是不害怕海浪冲走了沙堡。故选C项。【37题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意：在办公室的男人不像这个孩子一样明智。A. wise明智的；B. naughty淘气的；C. curious好奇的；D. pessimistic悲观的。
80、根据上文“The little boy sees the end of his castle while the man ignore it”可知，小男孩看到了他的城堡的尽头，而男人却忽略了它。那个男士忽视了创造的东西总有结束的一天，因此他并不像那个孩子一样明智。故选A项。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他的帝国正在衰落，他很害怕，试图保护它。A. finish结束；B. protect保护；C. improve提高；D. collect收集。随着他的帝国日渐衰落，他感到恐惧，所以要去保护它。故选B项。【39题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：他对着即将到来的海浪叫喊：“这是我的城堡”。A.
81、 glances瞥；B. stares盯着；C. yells呼喊；D. points指。根据上文那个男士非常恐惧自己的帝国衰落，所以是对着海浪叫喊。故选C项。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意：当太阳落山，潮水来袭，只是鼓掌。A. sets落沉；B. shines闪耀；C. rises升起；D. burns燃烧。由下文的“thetidestake”和“gohome”可知，此处指太阳落下。故选A项。第二节 (共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Yueyang Tower is_41_ ancient Chinese tower
82、 on the shore of Lake Dongting. It is one of the Three Great Tower of Jiangnan. Yue yang Tower became famous for Memorial to Yueyang Tower(岳阳楼记）_42_(write) by FanZhongyan, who was an excellent minister of the Northen Song Dynasty(960-1127) in China._43_(lie) on the city wall of the west gate of the
83、ancient city in Yueyang City, Hunan Province, China, Yueyang Tower faces Junshan Island and overlooks Dongting Lake, being extremely beautiful and _44_ (impress). Since ancient times, it _45_(enjoy) the good reputation that Dongting Lake is the _46_(famous) among lakes, and Yueyang Tower is incompar
84、able among towers. Yueyang Towers roof _47_(cover) with yellow glazed tiles(黄色琉璃瓦)looks like a generals helmet in ancient China. It is the only ancient building with a helmet roof structure in China.Before the Tang Dynasty, Yueyang Tower was mainly used _48_the military purpose. After the Tang Dynas
85、ty, it _49_(gradual) became a famous scenic spot _50_men of letters chanted poetry and wrote fu.【答案】41. an 42. written 43. Lying 44. impressive 45. has enjoyed/ has been enjoying 46. most famous 47. covered 48. for 49. gradually 50. where【解析】这是一篇说明文。文章介绍了岳阳楼这一名胜古迹的历史。【41题详解】考查不定冠词。句意：岳阳楼是中国古代的一座塔，坐落
86、在洞庭湖上。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入不定冠词修饰tower，因为空后的ancient第一个音素是元音，故填an。【42题详解】考查过去分词。句意：岳阳楼因范仲淹写的岳阳楼记而闻名，范仲淹是中国北宋(960-1127)杰出的大臣。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入分词形式作后置定语修饰Memorial to Yueyang Tower(岳阳楼记），根据空后的by可知Memorial to Yueyang Towe和动词write是被动关系，应填入过去分词表示被动。故填written。【43题详解】考查现在分词。句意：岳阳楼坐落在中国湖南省岳阳市古城西门的城墙上，面朝君山岛，俯瞰洞庭湖，非常美丽
87、，令人印象深刻。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入分词形式作定语，修饰主语Yueyang Tower，lie在此处意为：位于，与主语Yueyang Tower是主动关系，所以应用现在分词形式。故填Lying。44题详解】考查形容词。句意：岳阳楼坐落在中国湖南省岳阳市古城西门的城墙上，面朝君山岛，俯瞰洞庭湖，非常美丽，令人印象深刻。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入形容词形式与beautiful一起作并列表语。故填impressive。【45题详解】考查现在完成时。句意：自古以来，洞庭湖就远超众湖泊而闻名于世，岳阳楼更是无与伦比的。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入谓语，根据时间状语since ancien
88、t times可知，设空处动词需用现在完成时，因为主语是it，所以助动词用has；或根据句意，短文要强调“洞庭湖从古至今一直享有盛名”，也可用现在完成进行时，表达动作开始于过去，并一直持续到现在。故填has enjoyed/ has been enjoying。【46题详解】考查形容词最高级。句意：自古以来，洞庭湖就远超众湖泊而闻名于世，岳阳楼更是无与伦比的。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入形容词形式作表语，根据空前的the和空后表范围的among lakes可知，应填入形容词最高级形式。故填most famous。【47题详解】考查过去分词。句意：岳阳楼的屋顶覆盖着黄色的琉璃瓦，看起来像中国古
89、代将军的头盔。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入分词形式作定语修饰roof，因为roof与cover是被动关系，且cover动作已经完成，所以应用过去分词表示被动和完成。故填covered。【48题详解】考查介词。句意：唐代以前，岳阳楼主要用于军事用途。根据句意可知，设空处需填入介词for构成固定短语be used for，意为：用于，被用来做某事。故填for。【49题详解】考查副词。句意：唐代以后，它逐渐成为一个文人骚客吟诗作赋的著名景点。分析句子成分可知，设空处需填入副词形式修饰半系动词became，故填gradually。【50题详解】考查定语从句关系副词。句意：唐代以后，它逐渐成为一个文人
90、骚客吟诗作赋的著名景点。分析句子成分可知，设空处引导限制性定语从句修饰spot，先行词在从句中作地点状语，故填where。第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）51. 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（）， 并在其下面写出该加的词。删除: 把多余的词用斜线（）划掉。修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起
91、）不计分。Last weekend, we went to the local orphanage(孤儿院) to do some voluntary works. On the way here, we bought many books and toys with the money donating by students in our class. Upon our arrival, we handed out all the gifts to the children, then we patiently taught them to sing songs. To our surpr
92、ise, we receive pictures drawn by them as souvenirs. When it was time for us to leave, the children waved our hands and thanked us for our kindness. Seen the childrens bright smiles, we considered a visit worthwhile. We were real happy to bring sunshine to their lives. In the future, we can organize
93、 more of meaningful voluntary activities.【答案】1.works work 2. here there 3. donating donated 4. 在then前加and 5.receive received 6. our their 7. seen seeing 8. a the 9. real really 10. 去掉of【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。讲述了作者同行们去孤儿院做志愿者的一些事情。【详解】1. 考查名词。句中work意为“工作”，为不可数名词，没有复数形式，故将works改为work。 2. 考查副词。句意：在去那里的路上，我们用班
94、上同学的捐款买了很多书和玩具。结合句意可知，here意为“这儿”，与原句事实不符，故将here该处there。3. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语动词bought，因此donate要用非谓语动词形式，句中主语money与donate之间为被动关系，应用过去分词作状语，故将donating改为donated。4. 考查连词。句意：一到学校，我们就把所有的礼物分发给孩子们，然后耐心地教他们唱歌。and then可以引导并列句，而then不可以。分析句子可知，该句为并列句，有两套谓语结构，所以只能用and then作连词，故在then前加and。5. 考查时态。整篇文章是讲述过去发生的事
95、情，应用一般过去时，故将receive改为received。6. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意：当我们要离开的时候，孩子们挥手感谢我们的好意。结合句意可知，此处应为孩子们挥起“他们自己的手”，而不是孩子们挥起“我们的手”，故将our改为their。7. 考查非谓语动词。分析句子可知，该句已有谓语动词considered，see应用非谓语动词形式，且主语we和see构成主动关系，应用现在分词形式作状语，故将Seen改为Seeing。8. 考查冠词。句意：看到孩子们灿烂的笑容,我们认为是访问是有价值的。结合句意可知，该处特指“这次的访问”，应用定冠词the来修饰，故将a改为the。9. 考查副词。句
96、中happy为形容词，应用副词修饰，故将real改为really。10. 考查比较级。分析句子可知，more meaningful意为“更有意义的”，中间的of多余，故将of去掉。【点睛】第二节书面表达（满分25分）52. 为了鼓励学生参加户外活动，星光中学（Xingguang High School）近期举行了一次登山活动。假定你是学校英语报记者，请写一篇短文，介绍此次活动。内容包括：1.时间与地点：4月10 日，大青山（Daqing Mountain）2.活动的过程 3.活动感受注意：1.词数100左右； 2.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。【答案】In order to encourag
97、e the students to take outdoor exercise, our school organized a mountain-climbing on April 10. Hundreds of us took part in it.It was a nice day. At 8:00 am,we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set off for the top in high spirits. All the way we were chatting, singing and laughing, enjoying
98、 the fresh air and the beautiful scenery. When some fell behind, others would come and offer help. About 2 hours later, we all reached the top. When we were bathed in sunshine, we jumped and cheered with joy.This activity benefited us a lot. Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxat
99、ion from heavy schoolwork, it also promoted the friendship among us. What a wonderful time !【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达属于记叙文。要求考生写一篇文章介绍近期学校组织的一次登山活动。详解】第一步：审题体裁：记叙文时态：根据提示，时态主要为一般过去时。结构：总分法总分法指把主题句作为总说，把支持句作为分说，并以这种方式安排所写内容。要求：1.时间与地点：4月10 日，大青山2.活动的过程 3.活动感受第二步:列提纲 （重点词组）in order to; take outdoor exercise; tak
100、e part in; set off for; bathe in the sunshine; get close to第三步：连词成句1. In order to encourage the students to take outdoor exercise，our school organized a mountain-climbing on April 10. Hundreds of us took part in it.2.It was a nice day. At 8:00 am, we gathered at the foot of Daqing Mountain and set o
101、ff for the top in high spirits. 3.All the way we were chatting, singing and laughing, enjoying the fresh air and the beautiful scenery. 4.When some fell behind others would come and offer help. 5.About 2 hours later, we all reached the top. 6.When we were bathed in sunshine, we jumped and cheered wi
102、th joy.7.This activity benefited us a lot. 8.Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy schoolwork, it also promoted the friendship among us. 9.What a wonderful time!根据提示及关键词（组）进行遣词造句，注意主谓一致和时态问题。第四步：连句成篇（衔接词）1.表并列补充关系： not onlybut (also), 2.表因果关系：Because, As, So（供参考） 连句成文，注意使用恰当的连词进行句子之间的衔接与过渡，书写一定要规范清晰，【点睛】高分句型1 When some fell behind, others would come and offer help.句中when引导时间状语从句。高分句型2 Not only did it get us close to nature and give us relaxation from heavy schoolwork, it also promoted the friendship among us.句中使用了部分倒装。
