1、UNIT 3 SPORTS AND FITNESSA卷小题夯基练.语境填词1To make their dreams come true, the athletes(运动员) need to meet with various challenges because no road of flowers leads to glory.2The past two sleepless nights had exhausted him, which caused permanent injuries(伤害)3The stadium which is being built is designed sp
2、ecially for track(跑道) and field events.4When the host(主持人) announced Li Na won the championship at the 2011 French Open tennis Tournament in Paris, the audience applauded wildly.5She has always been encouraged to work out to not only keep fit(健康的) but also build up the strength of her muscle.6Always
3、 keep an eye out for those who pretend(假装) to be on your side because they might betray you if you are not careful.词形转换和动词的形式变换(用所给词的正确形式填空)1(2020全国卷)Race walking shares many fitness(fit) benefits with running，research shows，while most likely contributing to fewer injuries.2(2020新高考山东卷)Judges will c
4、hoose up to 50 honorable(honor) mention winners，who will each receive a Tshirt in memory of Earharts final flight.3(全国卷)Bradford said that large modern theaters in the city made it impossible for the Plaza to compete(compete)4(江苏卷)The publication of Great Expectations, which was both widely reviewed
5、 and highly praised, strengthened(strength) Dickens status as a leading novelist.5None of his plans ever comes through because what he is lacking in is determination(determine)6I tried to learn from her to be graceful(grace), strong, wise and independent, with an incredible sense of right and wrong.
6、7We all tend to show our positive(positively) side to friends and hide our true feelings.8She refused to let the injury(injure) keep her from attaining her goal of being in the Olympics.固定用法和搭配(在空白处填入1个适当的单词)1I dont think Tom is the fittest person for the job among his colleagues.2The government sho
7、uld focus on economic reform. It cant afford to be off track.3They worked out an effective method, which was confirmed by the leadership.4He could also have cut out much of the repetition and thus saved many pages.5My own problems seem insignificant compared with other peoples.选词填空rather than, set a
8、n example, now and then, lose heart, fall apart, cut.out, make a difference1Senior students are expected to eat healthy food and take regular exercise to set an example to the younger ones.2The team had won no games but they never lost heart and kept on investing more time and energy.3He developed t
9、he good habit of doing sports in the gym every weekend rather than playing computer games in front of the screen.4No matter how workable the plan is, if there is no financial support, it will end up falling apart. 5He thought it a privilege to offer help as he held the firm belief that making a diff
10、erence in others lives was the best reward.完成句子/一句多译1每个人都会偶尔感到有压力。不同的人感知压力的方式不同。Everybody gets stressed now and then. Different people feel stressed in different ways. 2考虑到你工作认真，我们决定再给你一次机会。Considering that you work hard, we are determined to give you another chance3我并没有停止吃我喜欢的事物，而是在我的膳食中增加了健康食品。(ra
11、ther than, cut out)Rather than cutting out the foods I enjoyed, I added healthy foods to my meals.4不能遵守公园的规则将会被赶出公园。Failure to observe all park rules could result in being driven out of the park.(failure n)If you fail to observe all park rules, you will be driven out of the park.(fail v)B卷大题提能练.阅读理解
12、I remember a basketball game on our homecourt at Senn High School in Chicago.The kids from my school began booing (向喝倒彩) the visiting team. After a minute or two, Senns coach, Cap Leighton, instructed us that booing the other team was impolite and therefore unacceptable, and it needed to stop immedi
13、ately. Such was Coach Leightons authority that it did stop, straightaway. For the rest of the game we restricted ourselves to cheering on our own team.How many people remember sportsmanship? I remember it and now think of it chiefly as something missing from contemporary sports. Sportsmanship was on
14、ce central to tennis. The famous players, such as the great Australian generation of Rod Laver, Ken Rosewall, and John Newcombe, set an example for us. Harry Hopman, the Australian Davis Cup coach between 1939 and 1967, might send a player home for saying dirty words on the court.However, some playe
15、rs dealt a blow to sportsmanship with their bad behavior on the court in the name of heightened competitiveness. And its rude of me perhaps to point this out on the weekend of the Super Bowl, but no sport has become more bereft (失去的) of sportsmanship than football generally and professional football
16、 in particular. There is what is sometimes referred to as the 12th man in football. This 12th man is the home crowd who begin a burst of uninterrupted screaming when the visiting team has the ball, so that its quarterback cant hear instructions from the sidelines and his teammates cant hear his sign
17、al calling at the line of mixed fight.Sportsmanship matters because without it sports are an empty proposition (命题)Sportsmanship implies respectfor the game, for your opponent and for yourself. A great part of the justification (理由) for sports is that its a forcinghouse for building character. Accep
18、ting defeat with grace is one of sportsmanships characterbuilding components. Without sportsmanship, sports are little more than grown men playing childrens games.【解题导语】本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者认为体育精神作为体育运动的重要元素，在现在的大型赛事中正逐渐缺失，因而呼吁大家要践行体育精神。1How does the author introduce the topic in the text?ABy listing some e
19、vidence.BBy presenting an argument.CBy comparing different views.DBy recalling his past experience.D解析：推理判断题。根据第一段中的“I remember a basketball game on our homecourt.”可知，作者通过回忆自己高中时的经历引出文章的主题。故选D。2The players and the coach are mentioned in paragraph 2 to show_Athey fully practiced sportsmanshipBthey ad
20、vertised Australian Davis CupCtennis players had to obey strict rulesDtennis was an influential sport in AustraliaA解析：推理判断题。根据第二段中的“Sportsmanship was once central to tennis.might send a player home for saying dirty words on the court.”可知，这些球员和教练完全践行了体育精神。故选A。3Which sport valued sportsmanship the lea
21、st according to the author?ABasketball. BTennis.CFootball. DBaseball.C解析：细节理解题。根据第三段中的“.but no sport has become more bereft (失去的) of sportsmanship than football generally.”可知，作者认为足球运动最缺乏体育精神。故选C。4What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph?ATo encourage us to accept defeat bravely.BTo ap
22、peal to us to live up to sportsmanship.CTo call on us to seek ways to encourage sportsmanship.DTo advise us to explore the components of sportsmanship.B解析：写作意图题。文章最后一段主要告诉我们体育精神在体育赛事中很重要，因而呼吁大家要践行体育精神。故选B。.七选五(2021北京西城区期末)PloggingPlogging is a new way to jog while cleaning up the planet. Its a craze
23、 that began in Sweden in 2016 and the motivation behind it includes reducing the load of plastic litter in our environment, as well as keeping fit while running. 1._ If you love outdoor exercise, enjoy exercising with others, and care about removing litter from our environment, then this might just
24、be the sport for you.Make good preparations before plogging. Dress suitably for the environment in which you are running. This will vary depending on the weather and surroundings, but the basics are comfortable running clothes and closedtoe running shoes. Suitable gloves are a wise and useful additi
25、on, as picking up litter can be dangerous in some situations. 2._ This might be a standard trash bag, easy to carry and capable of containing litter that might have sharp edges.Organize your plogging group. If youre lucky enough to have ploggers already in your area, seek them out. Join up and make
26、new friends with a shared interest. Check out such meeting groups at Meetup or ask at a local sports store to find out what opportunities exist where you live. If you dont have a group, create one. Use social media, notices on bulletin boards, or place signs in the windows of sports stores to find f
27、ellow ploggers. 3._Collect safely. One key suggestion for staying safe while collecting litter is to avoid picking up broken glass or sharp items. If you must collect such an item, only do so when you can find a very safe way to collect it without harming yourself. If in doubt, leave it and get bett
28、er equipment to remove it. 4._ If an item of litter presents a potential safety risk, try to mark the item clearly to encourage people to avoid it.5_ It is a way of combining individual achievement via exercise with community and environmental care. Youre part of the growing movement of people who a
29、re giving back to the world at the same time as honouring self care, a sustainable and healthy way to balance your life. This could be a fantastic opportunity to show people that individual action makes a big difference.ATaking some photos during the process is also necessary.BYou can also ask for a
30、ssistance from the local authorities.CUsually performed as part of a group run, its also a social exercise.DYou also need to find a suitable carry bag for collecting the litter in.EPlogging is a great way to feel motivated as it has more than one benefit.FIf you find a natural area with litter probl
31、em, this might be a suitable place.GWith some advertising effort, you are likely to connect with a few interested people.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要从三个方面说明了跑步捡垃圾的好处，并提出了进行跑步捡垃圾的相关建议。1C解析：根据下文“If you love outdoor exercise, enjoy exercising with others(如果你喜欢户外运动，喜欢和别人一起运动的话)”可知，others与C项“Usually performed as
32、part of a group run, its also a social exercise.(这还是一个社交运动，通常以组队的形式进行)”呼应。故选C。2D解析：根据下文“This might be a standard trash bag, easy to carry and capable of containing litter that might have sharp edges.(这可能是一个普通的垃圾袋，便于携带，并且能装带有锋利边缘的垃圾)”可知，与D项“You also need to find a suitable carry bag for collecting th
33、e litter in.(你还需要一个便于携带的垃圾袋来装垃圾)”呼应。故选D。3G解析：根据上文“Use social media, notices on bulletin boards, or place signs in the windows of sports stores to find fellow ploggers.(用社交媒体、在公告板里发通知或者在体育商店橱窗上贴标签来找到跑步捡垃圾运动的伙伴们)”可知，G项“With some advertising effort, you are likely to connect with a few interested peopl
34、e.(做了这些宣传努力后，你就能找到感兴趣的人了)”呼应上文。故选G。4B解析：根据上文“If in doubt, leave it and get better equipment to remove it.(如果有疑问的话，把它留下，找到更好的工具移除它)”可知，B项“You can also ask for assistance from the local authorities.(你也可以向当地官方部门寻求帮助)”意在表明清除有害垃圾的方式有两种，使用分述方式展开说明。故选B。5E解析：根据下文“It is a way of combining individual achievem
35、ent via exercise with community and environmental care.(这是一种通过运动把个人成就与社区和环境保护结合起来的方式)”可知，E项“Plogging is a great way to feel motivated as it has more than one benefit.(跑步捡垃圾是一种能感受到动力的很棒的方式，因为它有着不止一个益处)”呼应下文，是对这种方式的具体说明。故选E。.完形填空In stormravaged (风暴肆虐的) Santa Clarita, California, last March, Martinez a
36、pproached Runner Road carefully. A 1 creek(小溪) had flooded it. Martinez, driving a Toyota SUV, 2 hed be OK. Big 3 . Halfway across, the rushing waters grabbed hold of his vehicle, sweeping it off the road. It finally 4 a good 80 feet away, when the 5 somehow lifted the SUV and put it into the ground
37、 at a 45degree angle, shaken, and trapped inside with the water rising quickly.On the road right behind Martinez were a delivery worker and his niece. They watched the horror 6 ， and when Martinezs SUV came to 7 in the middle of the pouring creek, the man leaped to act. First, he grabbed heavyduty (
38、结实的) ropes from the back of his van and 8 the swinging SUV to nearby posts. Then he climbed on the top of Martinezs 9 and hit a rear window with his fists. Frustrated, he 10 to his niece and yelled, “Give me a 11 ！”Over and over he hit the rock into the 12 very hard, but in vain. So he shouted to Ma
39、rtinez to 13 away from the window. He 14 and threw the rock. 15 ， the glass broke. Soon, a soaked Martinez went out of the window, and the men escaped to dry land.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。去年3月，在风暴肆虐的加利福尼亚州圣克拉丽塔，马丁内斯开着一辆丰田SUV车被湍急的水冲出公路，被困在车里。此时，多亏一位不知名的货司机立即采取救援行动，他才得以脱困。1Adeserted BswollenCforbidden DfloatedB
40、解析：考查形容词词义辨析。deserted意为“被抛弃的”，swollen意为“膨胀的、涨满的”，forbidden意为“被禁止的、禁用的”，floated意为“浮起的”。根据stormravaged和后面的flooded及the rushing waters可知，这条涨满水的小溪淹没了路，故选B。2Awarned BignoredCfigured DdelightedC解析：考查动词词义辨析。warn意为“警告”，ignore意为“忽略”，figure意为“解决、认为”，delight意为“使高兴”。根据语境可知，马丁内斯开着一辆丰田SUV车，他原认为(figured)他能开过去，会没事的。
41、故选C。3Amistake BluckCdeal DfortuneA解析：考查名词词义辨析。mistake意为“错误”，luck意为“运气”，deal 意为“交易”，fortune意为“财富”。根据上下文的内容可知，上文他原认为开车能过去，但过了一半，湍急的水流把他的车冲下了马路，他被困车中。由此可知，这(他的判断)是一个大错误，故选A。4Astopped BcontinuedCpushed DpulledA解析：考查动词词义辨析。stop意为“停止”，continue意为“继续”，push意为“推动”，pull意为“拉”。根据下文可知，车被冲下了马路，最后停在离公路80英尺远的地方，故选A。
42、5Athunder BcloudCwater DrainC解析：考查名词词义辨析。thunder意为“雷声”，cloud意为“云”，water意为“水”，rain意为“雨”。根据上文可知，小溪的水满了，淹没了大路，所以车被冲下公路停下来时，水(water)托起车，把它以45度角放到地上。故选C。6Afade BunfoldCcease DreactB解析：考查动词词义辨析。fade意为“变淡”，unfold意为“逐渐展现”，cease意为“停止”，react意为“反应”。根据语境可知，当马丁内斯的车发生悲剧时，后面的司机注意到这个恐怖的场面逐渐展现。故选B。7Ahead BstretchCre
43、st DselectC解析：考查动词词义辨析。head意为“朝行进、出发”，stretch意为“伸展、延伸”，rest意为“停靠”，select意为“选择”。此处是指“当马丁内斯的SUV车停(rest)在急流的小溪中间时，后车司机便开始行动了。”故选C。8Alinked BexposedCsecured DrestoredC解析：考查动词词义辨析。link意为“联系”，expose意为“暴露”，secure意为“固定”，restore意为“恢复”。根据下文语境可知，货车司机用绳子把车固定在柱子上。故选C。9Avehicle BwindowCtruck DvanA解析：考查名词词义辨析。vehi
44、cle意为“车辆”，window意为“窗户”，truck意为“卡车”，van意为“厢式货车”。根据前文可知，马丁内斯开的丰田SUV越野车。救他的司机开的是厢式货车，因此，此处是指“然后他爬上马丁内斯的车(vehicle)顶，用拳头撞击后窗。”故选A。10Aturned BopposedCobjected DtreatedA解析：考查动词词义辨析。turn意为“转身、改变方向”，oppose意为“反对”，object意为“反对”，treat意为“对待”。此处是指“货车司机用拳头撞击后窗没用，转身对他的侄女大喊”，因为他的侄女在后面的车上，所以要转身(turned)，故选A。11Afoot Bha
45、ndCfist DrockD解析：考查名词词义辨析。foot意为“足”，hand意为“手”，fist意为“拳头”，rock意为“岩石、石头”。根据下文中的“Over and over he hit the rock into the _ very hard”可知，他让侄女给他一块石头(rock)，故选D。12Abottom BwindowChouse DroadB解析：考查名词词义辨析。bottom意为“底部”，window意为“窗户”，house意为“房子”，road意为“路”。根据语境可知，此处指他一次又一次地用石头重重地撞击窗户(window)，故选B。13Amove BriseCfly
46、 DhideA解析：考查动词辨析。move意为“移开、搬家”，rise意为“上升”，fly意为“飞”，hide“躲藏”。根据下文可知，货车司机用大石头砸窗户，因此“货车司机叫马丁内斯远离(move)窗户”，故选A。14Apicked up Bput awayCput forward Dleaned backD解析：考查动词短语辨析。pick up意为“拾起”，put away意为“把放置一边”，put forward意为“提出”，lean back意为“向后靠”。此处是指“他向后一仰(leaned back)，把石头扔了出去”。根据常识可知，用力扔东西时，人往往向后仰，故选D。15AUltim
47、ately BExactlyCFrequently DUnluckilyA解析：考查副词词义辨析。ultimately意为“最后”，exactly意为“确切地”，frequently意为“经常地”，unluckily意为“不幸地”。此处是指“最后(ultimately)，玻璃碎了”，故选A。.语法填空(2021湖南高三月考)In early 1976, Mau Piailug, a fisherman, led an expedition 1._ he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2，500 miles of ocean from H
48、awaii to Tahiti. The Polynesian Voyaging Society had organized 2._expedition. Its purpose was 3._(find) out if sailors in the distant past could have found their way from one island to the other without navigational (航行的) 4._(instrument), or whether the islands had been populated (使聚居) 5._ accident.
49、 At the time, Mau was the only man alive who knew how to navigate just by 6._(observe) the stars, the wind and the sea. He understood how the wind and the sea behave around islands, so he was 7._ (confidence) he could find his way. The voyage took him and his crew a month to complete and he did it w
50、ithout a compass (指南针) or charts.The voyage proved that Hawaiis first inhabitants came in small boats and navigated by reading the sea and the stars. Mau 8._(he) became a keen teacher, passing on his 9._(tradition) secrets to people of other cultures so that his knowledge would not 10._(lose). He ex
51、plained the positions of the stars to his students, but he allowed them to write things down because he knew they would never be able to remember everything as he had done.【解题导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了毛巴鲁在没有指南针和航海图的情况下，航海时通过风和海面情况是如何变化的，找到自己的路，证明了夏威夷的第一批居民是乘坐小船来的。1where解析：考查定语从句。句意：1976年初，渔民毛巴鲁带队去探险，他驾驶一艘传统的
52、波利尼西亚船，从夏威夷到塔希提岛，穿越了2 500英里的海洋。分析句子结构可知，he sailed a traditional Polynesian boat across 2，500 miles of ocean from Hawaii to Tahiti是定语从句，修饰先行词expedition，关系词在从句中作地点状语，应用关系副词where。故填where。2the解析：考查冠词。句意：波利尼西亚航海协会组织了这次探险。此处特指上文中提到的探险，应用定冠词the表特指。故填the。3to find解析：考查动词不定式。句意：它的目的是查明远古时期的水手是否可以在没有导航仪器的情况下从一
53、个岛屿找到另一个岛屿，或者这些岛屿是否出乎意料地有人居住。分析句子结构和根据语境可知，_(find) out if sailors in the distant past.表目的，应用动词不定式形式作表语。故填to find。 4instruments解析：考查名词的数。句意：它的目的是查明远古时期的水手是否可以在没有导航仪器的情况下从一个岛屿找到另一个岛屿，或者这些岛屿是否出乎意料地有人居住。 instrument是可数名词，且前面无冠词修饰，应用复数形式表泛指。故填instruments。5by解析：考查介词。句意：它的目的是查明远古时期的水手是否可以在没有导航仪器的情况下从一个岛屿找到另
54、一个岛屿，或者这些岛屿是否出乎意料地有人居住。by accident是固定短语，意为“偶然/意外地”。故填by。6observing解析：考查非谓语动词。句意：当时，毛是唯一一个知道如何通过观察星星、风和海面情况来导航的人。分析句子结构可知，此处作介词by的宾语，应用动词ing形式，by doing sth.是固定用法，意为“通过做某事”。故填observing。7confident解析：考查形容词。句意：他知道岛屿周围的风和洋流是如何变化的，所以他有信心找到自己的路。分析句子结构可知，此处跟在系动词was后作表语，应用形容词。故填confident。8himself解析：考查代词。句意：毛本
55、人成了一名热心的老师，把他的传统秘密传给其他文化的人，这样他的知识就不会丢失。分析句子结构可知，此处作主语Mau的同位语，与主语Mau互指，指“毛他自己”，应用反身代词himself。故填himself。9traditional解析：考查形容词。句意：毛本人成了一名热心的老师，把他的传统秘密传给其他文化的人，这样他的知识就不会丢失。分析句子结构可知，此处用形容词traditional作定语修饰名词secrets。故填traditional。10be lost解析：考查语态。句意：毛本人成了一名热心的老师，把他的传统秘密传给其他文化的人，这样他的知识就不会丢失。分析句子结构可知，此处缺少谓语，从
56、句主语 his knowledge和从句谓语动词lose是被动关系，应用被动语态。故填be lost。写作新题型(一).应用文写作(2021新高考八省联考模考)假定你是李华，准备参加学校组织的英文诗朗诵比赛。请给外教George写封邮件求助，内容包括：1说明比赛要求；2请他推荐英文诗；3请教朗诵技巧。注意：写作词数应为80左右。Dear George，Im writing to ask for your help._Yours，Li HuaOne possible version：Dear George，Im writing to ask for your help. Our school w
57、ill hold an English Poetry Reading Contest next weekend. I am eager to have a try. It is required that the theme should be about nature. Each contestant is given up to five minutes to read the poem. So would you please be so kind to give me some recommendations on which poem to choose? Besides, what
58、 I need are the skills of recitation, including pronunciation and intonation, which will perfect my performance.Id appreciate it if you could give me some guidance. Looking forward to your reply. Yours，Li Hua.读后续写阅读下面的材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。On a cold, stormy winter day, an old friend invit
59、ed me out for a cup of coffee. We met by his house, and as we walked down the street, we passed by a small caf with a sign hanging on the door that read: “Youre welcome in. We have suspended coffee.”“Suspended coffee？” I asked my friend. “What does that mean？”“Youve never heard of it？” my friend ask
60、ed, and I shook my head. “Follow me，” he told me, and we joined the line of people standing in front of the cash register.“What can I offer you today？” the cashier asked a couple of young lawyers who were looking at the menu. “I think well take three cups of coffee，” one of them said. “Two now, and
61、one suspended.” The cashier nodded, as if it were an ordinary order, took the payment and placed two cups of hot coffee on the counter. The two thanked him, took the two cups and left without waiting for the third. The next in line was an older couple. “The same order as always？” the cashier smiled
62、at them. “Yes, thank you，” replied the woman. “But please add two cups of suspended coffee. We havent purchased any of those for quite a while.”A few minutes later the couple received their order, and our turn to order arrived.“Good morning！”said the cashier.“How can I help you？”“I think wed like tw
63、o cups of coffee，”my friend said. “Well drink them here.” When our order was ready, we took our cups and sat down to drink them together. “Will you tell me what this is about？” I asked my friend, but he just said, “Wait and see.”Our conversation flowed, and before we noticed it, nearly two hours pas
64、sed. The caf was almost empty of people when the door suddenly opened and a man in old shabby clothes and a tired look came in and stood quietly in front of the cash register.注意：续写词数应为150左右。He thought for a moment and then asked quietly：“Do you have a cup of suspended coffee？”_ _When he saw my expre
65、ssion, my friend began to explain it to me._One possible version：He thought for a moment and then asked quietly: “ Do you have a cup of suspended coffee？” The cashier smiled and nodded, poured the man a cup of hot coffee and placed it in front of him. The man thanked him, took the cup of coffee and
66、left. No one else seemed to take notice of this moment, which appeared to be ordinary in this caf(定语从句), but I could not help being moved by this little gesture. However, to my puzzlement, what does suspended coffee mean?When he saw my expression, my friend began to explain it to me. “Anyone can pre
67、pay for a cup of coffee for someone less fortunate without making them feel bad. The cup of coffee waits for anyone interested in it, and who knows better than us what a warm cup of coffee can do for a cold day(宾语从句)” When we got up to leave, I stopped for a moment and went back to the cash register. “I just wanted to buy another cup of coffee. Suspended.”