1、Unit 3A healthy life.阅读理解A(2018福建莆田高三二模)Gwendolyn Brooks was the first African American to win a Pulitzer Prize for Literature.Gwendolyn Brooks wrote hundreds of poems during her lifetime.She had more than 20 books published.She was known around the world for using poetry to increase understanding a
2、bout black culture in America.Her poems described conditions among the poor,racial inequality and drug use in the black community.She also wrote poems about the struggles of black women.But her skill was more than her ability to write about struggling black people.She was an expert at the language o
3、f poetry.She combined traditional European poetry styles with the African American experience.In her early poetry,Gwendolyn Brooks wrote about the South Side of Chicago.The South Side of Chicago is where many black people live.In her poems,the South Side is called Bronzeville.It was “A Street in Bro
4、nzeville”that gained the attention of literary experts in 1945.Critics praised her poetic skill and her powerful descriptions about the black experience during the time.The Bronzeville poems were her first published collection.In 1950,Gwendolyn Brooks became the first African American to win the Pul
5、itzer Prize for Literature.She won the prize for her second book of poems called “Annie Allen”.“Annie Allen” is a collection of poetry about the life of a Bronzeville girl as a daughter,a wife and mother.She experiences loneliness,loss,death and being poor.Ms.Brooks said that winning the prize chang
6、ed her life.Her next work was a novel written in 1953 called “Maud Martha”.“Maud Martha”received little notice when it was first published.But now it is considered an important work by some critics.Its main ideas about the difficult life of many women are popular among female writers today.In some o
7、f her poems,Gwendolyn Brooks described how what people see in life is affected by who they are.One example is this poem,“Corners on the Curving Sky”.By the end of the 1960s,Gwendolyn Brookss poetry expanded from the everyday experiences of people in Bronzeville.She wrote about a wider world and deal
8、t with important political issues.1.What does the text mainly talk about?A.The life of Gwendolyn Brookss.B.The poems of Gwendolyn Brookss.C.The understanding about black culture.D.The struggles of black women.2.What can we learn about Gwendolyn Brooks from the second paragraph?A.She mainly wrote abo
9、ut struggles of black women.B.She was good at using the language of poetry.C.Her writing skills were a little worse than her ability.D.Her poems were mainly about the African experience.3.The author develops the passage mainly by .A.providing examplesB.using statisticsC.comparing opinionsD.describin
10、g her experiences4.In the next part,the author would most probably talk about .A.the difficulties Gwendolyn Brooks would meetB.the poems related to political issuesC.the award Gwendolyn Brooks had gainedD.the racial inequality the black had to face语篇解读:本文主要介绍了非裔美国女诗人Gwendolyn Brooks在诗歌文学上的成就和贡献。答案及剖
11、析:1.B主旨大意题。根据第一段和其余各段的段首可知,本文主要讲了非裔美国女诗人Gwendolyn Brooks在诗歌文学上的成就和贡献。2.B细节理解题。根据第二段中的“She was an expert at the language of poetry.”可知,Gwendolyn Brooks是诗歌语言的专家。3.A文章结构题。文中第三至第六段分别列举了Gwendolyn Brooks的一些作品,如诗歌“A Street in Bronzeville”“Annie Allen” “Corners on the Curving Sky”和小说“Maud Martha”。故作者主要是用举例法
12、来行文的。4.B推理判断题。根据最后一段最后一句可知Gwendolyn Brooks的诗歌中涉及政治问题,故接下来最有可能讲的是与政治问题有关的诗歌,B项正确。B“Mobile phones killed our man,”screamed one headline last year.Also came statements that an unpublished study had found that mobile phones cause memory loss.And a British newspaper devoted its front page to a picture su
13、pposedly showing how mobile phones heat the brain.For anyone who uses a mobile phone,these are worrying times.But speak to the scientists whose work is the focus of these scared and you will hear a different story.What we do have,however,are some results suggesting that mobile phones emission(辐射) ha
14、s a variety of strange effects on living tissue that cant be explained by the general radiation biology.And its only when the questions raised by these experiments are answered that well be able to say for sure what mobile phones might be doing to the brain.One of the strange effects comes from the
15、now famous“memory loss”study.Alan Preece and his colleagues at the University of Bristol placed a device(装置)that copied the microwave emission of mobile phones to the left ear of volunteers.The volunteers were all good at recalling words and pictures they had been shown on a computer screen.Preece s
16、ays he still cant comment on the effects of using a mobile phone for years on end.But he rules out the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate effect on our cognitive(感知的) abilities.“Im pretty sure there is no effect on short-term memory,”he says.Another expert,Tatterasll,remarked that his l
17、atest findings have removed fears about memory loss.One result,for instance,suggests that nerve cell synapses(神经元突触)exposed to microwave become morerather than lessreceptive to undergoing changes linked to the memory formation.It would be an even happier outcome if microwave turned out to be good fo
18、r you.It sounds crazy,but a couple of years ago a team led by William Adey at the Veterans Affairs Medical Center in California,found that mice exposed to microwave for two hours a day were less likely to develop brain tumours(肿瘤)when given a cancer-causing chemical.So should we forget about mobile
19、phone radiation causing brain tumours and making us unable to think clearly or reasonably?“If it doesnt certainly cause cancer in animals and cells,then it probably isnt going to cause cancer in humans,”says William.And while theres still no absolute evidence that the mobile phone does damage your m
20、emories or give your cancer,the unanimity is:Dont panic.5.What worries people who use mobile phones? A.Mobile phones will kill them.B.Mobile phones cause memory loss.C.Mobile phones heat the brain.D.All the above is right.6.What is the attitude of Preece on the suggestion that mobile phones have an
21、immediate effect on our cognitive abilities?A.Doubt.B.Disagree.C.Approve.D.Wait and see.7.The underlined word “unanimity” in the last paragraph most probably means “”. A.consensusB.disagreement C.possibilityD.impossibility 8.From the fifth paragraph,we can infer that being exposed to microwave for t
22、wo hours .A.can result in killing you B.is likely to develop brain tumours C.is unlikely to develop brain tumoursD.will cause your loss of memory forever语篇解读:有报道说手机会对人的健康有影响,本文则介绍了一些科学家的观点,他们认为并没有绝对的证据证明手机对人体有很大的危害。答案及剖析:5.D细节理解题。根据第一段中“Mobile phones killed our man,”screamed one headline last year.A
23、lso came statements that an unpublished study had found that mobile phones cause memory loss.And a British newspaper devoted its front page to a picture supposedly showing how mobile phones heat the brain.可知,答案选D。6.B观点态度题。根据第三段中But he rules out the suggestion that mobile phones have an immediate eff
24、ect on our cognitive(感知的)abilities.可知,他不同意这种观点,故选B。7.A词义猜测题。根据上文And while theres still no absolute evidence that the mobile phone does damage your memories or give your cancer可知,这里意为“一致意见是:不要惊慌。”故选A。8.C推理判断题。根据第五段found that mice exposed to microwave for two hours a day were less likely to develop br
25、ain tumours(肿瘤)when given a cancer-causing chemical.可知,答案选C。.语法填空(2018曲靖高三质检)Over 2,200 years ago,Emperor Qin Shihuang,the first Emperor in Chinese history,established the official Chinese writing characters.The new,simplified characters made writing calligraphy (书法) less 1. (complicate).It allowed
26、people to use characters with more straight strokes,thus 2. (make) it easier to write with brushes.This 3. (create) the Li genre (类型).Over time,other variations were also developed,4. eventually led to the formation of the five genres in Chinese calligraphy.As 5. result,calligraphy became 6. (wide)
27、accepted.Calligraphy also had its practical values because it was a good way to make friends and was more presentable as a gift rather than jewelry or money.Does calligraphy still have these practical functions now?Yes.Many people practice calligraphy as a way 7.(raise) their cultural accomplishment
28、.Older people use calligraphic writing as a method to keep fit.They believe that when a person concentrates on 8. (write) calligraphy,his inner well-being (幸福) is inspired.I had thought computer would lead to the 9. (disappear) of Chinese calligraphy.Now I understand thats not likely to happen.How c
29、an you give your boss computer-printed calligraphy as a gift?You dont,10. you want him to fire you!答案及剖析:plicatedmake sth.+adj.“使某物”。此处意为“使书法变得不再复杂”。2.making此处是现在分词作结果状语。3.created根据上下文可知,此处叙述的是过去发生的事情,故应用一般过去时态。4.which此处是非限制性定语从句,且空格处的关系代词指代前面所说的内容,故用which。5.aas a result是固定搭配,意为“结果”。6.widely书法被广泛接受。
30、副词widely修饰accepted。7.to raise此处为动词不定式作后置定语。8.writingconcentrate on doing sth.“集中精力做某事”。此处用动词-ing形式作介词on的宾语。9.disappearancelead to中的to是介词,故其后用名词作它的宾语。10.unless根据语境“除非你想让他开除你”可知,应填unless。.短文改错Victor was traveling through a train for his parents.All the time he is glancing with joy at his new shoes wha
31、t his father had bought for him.After some time,he removed his shoes to take him a nap.After waking up,he found one of her shoes missing.He started crying unhappy.His parents tried to comfort him.His father told him it was no use cry and promised that after reaching home,he would buy him a new pair
32、of shoes.Victor got very excited on hearing his fathers words that he threw other shoe out of the train.Reaching the destination,he suddenly found his losing shoe in a basket.How he regretted it!答案:Victor was traveling through a train his parents.All the time he glancing with joy at his new shoes hi
33、s father had bought for him.After some time,he removed his shoes to take a nap.After waking up,he found one of shoes missing.He started crying .His parents tried to comfort him.His father told him it was no use and promised that after reaching home,he would buy him a new pair of shoes.Victor got exc
34、ited on hearing his fathers words that he threw other shoe out of the train.Reaching the destination,he suddenly found his shoe in a basket.How he regretted it!剖析:travel with sb.意为“跟某人一起旅行”。本文讲述过去发生的事情,要用一般过去时态。分析句子成分可知这是一个定语从句,先行词his new shoes 指物,故用关系代词that/which。take a nap是固定短语,意为“打盹,小睡片刻”。分析句子可知此处的物主代词要与主语he保持一致,故用his。此处用副词作状语修饰crying。it is no use doing sth.是固定用法,意为“做某事是没有用的”。这里用so与后面的that构成“so.that”结构,意为“如此以至于”。此处用the other特指两者中的另一个。lost意为“丢失的”,在这里作定语。